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• Git-based storage and publishing, infrastructure advice

  - by Joel Martinez

  I wanted to get some advice on moving a system to "the cloud" ... specifically, I'm looking to move into some of Windows Azure's managed services, as right now I'm managing a VM. Basically, the system operates on some data stored in a github git repository. I'll describe the current architecture: Current system (all hosted on a single server): GitHub - configured with a webhook pointing at ... ASP.NET MVC application - to accept the webhook from git. It pushes a message onto ... Azure service bus Queue - which is drained by ... Windows Service - pulls the message from the queue and ... Fetches the latest data from the git repository (using GitLib2Sharp) onto the local disk and finally ... Operates on the data in git to produce a static HTML website hosted/served by IIS. The system works really well, actually ... but I would like to get out of the business of managing the VM, and move to using some combination of Azure web and worker roles. But because the system relies so heavily on the git repository on the local filesystem, I'm finding it difficult to figure out how to architect in the cloud. I know you can get file system access, so in theory I could just fetch the repository if there's nothing on disk ... but the performance/responsiveness of the system sort of depends on the repository being available and only having to fetch diffs, which is relatively quick. As opposed to periodically having to fetch the entire (somewhat large) git repository if the web or worker role was recycled, or something. So I would love some advice on how you would architect such a system :) Ultimately, the only real requirement is to be able to serve HTML content that's been produced from the contents of a git repository (in a relatively responsive manner, from a publishing perspective) ... please feel free to ask any clarifying questions if there's something I omitted. Thanks!

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• Code Clone Analysis on Rawr &ndash; Part 1

  - by Dylan Smith

  In this post we’ll take a look at the first result from the Code Clone Analysis, and do some refactoring to eliminate the duplication.  The first result indicated that it found an exact match repeated 14 times across the solution, with 18 lines of duplicated code in each of the 14 blocks.   Net Lines Of Code Deleted: 179     In this case the code in question was a bunch of classes representing the various Bosses.  Every Boss class has a constructor that initializes a whole bunch of properties of that boss, however, for most bosses a lot of these are simply set to 0’s.     Every Boss class inherits from the class MultiDiffBoss, so I simply moved all the initialization of the various properties to the base class constructor, and left it up to the Boss subclasses to only set those that are different than the default values. In this case there are actually 22 Boss subclasses, however, due to some inconsistencies in the code structure Code Clone only identified 14 of them as identical blocks.  Since I was in there refactoring the 14 identified already, it was pretty straightforward to identify the other 8 subclasses that had the same duplicated behavior and refactor those also.   Note: Code Clone Analysis is pretty slow right now.  It takes approx 1 min to build this solution, but it takes 9 mins to run Code Clone Analysis.  Personally, if the results are high quality I’m OK with it taking a long time to run since I don’t expect it’s something I would be running all that often.  However, it would be nice to be able to run it as part of a nightly build, but at this time I don’t believe it’s possible to run outside of Visual Studio due to a dependency on the meta-data available in the VS environment.

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• In git, how can I get the diff between two dates?

  - by Weidenrinde

  Basically, I am looking for something equivalent to cvs diff -D"1 day ago" -D"2010-02-29 11:11". While collecting more and more information, I found a solution. I paste it here, for others that might have similar problems. Things I have tried: In git, how can I get the diff between all the commits that occured between two dates? was ansered here with: git whatchanged --since="1 day ago" -p But this gives a diff for each commit, even if there are multiple commits in one file. I know that "date" is a bit of a loose concept in git, I thought there must be some way to do this. git diff 'master@{1 day ago}..master gives some warning warning: Log for 'master' only goes back to Tue, 16 Mar 2010 14:17:32 +0100. and does not show old diffs. git format-patch --since=yesterday --stdout does not give anything. revs=$(git log --pretty="format:%H" --since="1 day ago");git diff $(echo "$revs"|tail -n1) $(echo "$revs"|head -n1) works somehow, but seems complicated and does not restrict to the current branch. git diff $(git rev-list -n1 --before="1 day ago" master) seems to work and a default way to do similar things, although more complicated than I thought. Funnily, git-cvsserver does not support "cvs diff -D" (without that it is documented somewhere).

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• Why does git remember changes, but not let me stage them?

  - by Andres Jaan Tack

  I have a list of modifications when I run git status, but I cannot stage them or commit them. How can I fix this? This occurred after pulling the kernelmode directory from a bare repository somewhere in one huge commit. % git status # On branch master # Changed but not updated: # (use "git add <file>..." to update what will be committed) # (use "git checkout -- <file>..." to discard changes in working directory) # # modified: kernelmode/linux-2.6.33/Documentation/IO-mapping.txt # ... $ git add . $ git status # On branch master # Changed but not updated: # (use "git add <file>..." to update what will be committed) # (use "git checkout -- <file>..." to discard changes in working directory) # # modified: kernelmode/linux-2.6.33/Documentation/IO-mapping.txt # ...

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• Python way to clone a git repository

  - by Mike

  Is there a Python way without using a subprocess to clone a git repository? I'm up for using any sort of modules you recommend.

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• How do I change a file's path in git's history?

  - by carleeto

  Here is what I have - a git repo of my code: projects |-proj1 (no git repo here yet) |-subproj1 <- current git repo here Here is what I want - a git repo which is now tracking a new project that uses my code: projects |-proj1 <-git repo moved to here, but still tracking files in subproj1 |-subproj1 (no git repo here) I'd like to keep the history intact and therefore the new repository will be referring to files that are one level deeper than the original. What is the most pain free way to do this?

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• How do you Remove an Invalid Remote Branch Reference from Git?

  - by Casey

  In my current repo I have the following output: $ git branch -a * master remotes/origin/master remotes/public/master I want to delete 'remotes/public/master' from the branch list: $ git branch -d remotes/public/master error: branch 'remotes/public/master' not found. Also, the output of 'git remote' is strange, since it does not list 'public': $ git remote show origin How can I delete 'remotes/public/master' from the branch list? Update, tried the 'git push' command: $ git push public :master fatal: 'public' does not appear to be a git repository fatal: The remote end hung up unexpectedly Solution: The accepted answer had the solution at the bottom! git gc --prune=now

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• git: setting a single tracking remote from a public repo.

  - by Gauthier

  I am confused with remote branches. My local repo: (local) ---A---B---C-master My remote repo (called int): (int) ---A---B---C---D---E-master What I want to do is to setup the local repo's master branch to follow that of int. Local repo: (local) ---A---B---C---D---E-master-remotes/int/master So that when int changes to: (int) ---A---B---C---D---E---F-master I can run git pull from the local repo's master and get (local) ---A---B---C---D---E---F-master-remotes/int/master Here's what I have tried: git fetch int gets me all the branches of int into remote branches. This can get messy since int might have hundreds of branches. git fetch int master gets me the commits, but no ref to it, only FETCH_HEAD. No remote branch either. git fetch int master:new_master works but I don't want a new name every time I update, and no remote branch is setup. git pull int master does what I want, but there is still no remote branch setup. I feel that it is ok to do so (that's the best I have now), but I read here and there that with the remote setup it is enough with git pull. git branch --track new_master int/master, as per http://www.gitready.com/beginner/2009/03/09/remote-tracking-branches.html . I get "not a valid object name: int/master". git remote -v does show me that int is defined and points at the correct location (1. worked). What I miss is the int/master branch, which is precisely what I want to get. git fetch in master:int/master. Well, int/master is created, but is no remote. So to summarize, I've tried some stuff with no luck. I would expect 2 to give me the remote branch to master in the repo int. The solution I use now is option 3. I read somewhere that you could change some config file by hand, but isn't that a bit cumbersome? The "cumbersome" way of editting the config file did work: [branch "master"] remote = int merge = master It can be done from command line: $ git config branch.master.remote int $ git config branch.master.merge master Any reason why option 2 above wouldn't do that automatically? Even in that case, git pull fetches all branches from the remote.

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• I accidentally created a git local branch called --track, how can I delete it?

  - by Rich

  I mistyped a git command which resulted in the creation of a local branch called, '--track'. I've tried the following: git branch -m --track delme (this renames the current branch to delme, not the branch called --track) git checkout --track > fatal: --track needs a branch name git branch -d --track (does nothing, reports nothing) git branch -D --track (also does nothing) git branch -d "--track" (also does nothing How can I delete this branch?

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• git clone with ssh issue

  - by george

  Hi, I have generated a public key, private key pair. I've set the public key to the site. How to use the console in windows to clone a git repository? What do I do with the private key? I keep getting: the remote end hung up unexp. Thanks

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• how do I start GIT daemon automatically under CentOS 4.8 ?

  - by ck2

  Apparently my server is running CentOS 4.8 with Cpanel uname -a 2.6.9-023stab048.6-enterprise #1 SMP MSK 2008 i686 i686 i386 GNU/Linux cat /etc/redhat-release CentOS release 4.8 (Final) I'd prefer to install it as a service but I cannot seem to install "yum git-daemon" there is no package available for CentOS 4.8 (when I try to include another repos for it I get too many dependency failures) So what's the easiest way to just start it? Typically this is how I do it from CLI git daemon --detach --user=git --group=git Thanks for any help!

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• git push on a remote branch

  - by charlielee

  I have a remote project that have a branch. So I first clone the repo. Then issue the following to the clone to work on a branch: git checkout -b <name> <remote_branch_name> Then I made the changed needed on this branch and want to commit by doing this: git commit -a -m "changed made" However when i want to push back to the remote branch it just say 'Everything is up to date' git push Everything up-to-date I check by clone the remote repo again in a different directory it haven't push the changes over.... So how do i push my changes back to the remote branch Thanks

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• GIT and Django Projects

  - by Garfonzo

  I have two servers, a Dev server and a Production server. The Production server runs a live Django site, while the Dev server has a copy of the Django project. I use the Dev server to work on the Django site, make improvements, fix bugs, etc. Once I am satisfied with how the Dev version is working, I move the whole Django directory from the Dev server and replace the same directory on the Production server. The two servers are not on the same LAN so the process is not straight forward. There are a few issues with this that I am having so far. Moving the whole directory is laborious and time consuming If I only change a few files, it is even move tedious to replace a few files than the whole directory since the project is getting fairly large and I worry that I'll miss something I often run into permission issues after I've moved things It's super inefficient, and, due to lack of time, I haven't bothered figuring out a new method. Now it's just getting out of hand and i need to address the situation. I am thinking I need to move to a GIT repository for this process. But my question is how would I set this all up? Do I host the repository on the Production server, pull from the Dev server, do work, then commit? Then I would pull from the Production server (same server the repo is hosted on) to run the current working version? Do I host the repo on the Dev Server, pulling from the same server to do work on the repo, then pull a working version onto the Production server? Should I be hosting the repo on a different server than the Production server and the Dev server (a third server)? Are there any special considerations with Django and repos that I need to worry about? Thanks for the help :)

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• Clone a VirtualBox Machine

  I just installed VirtualBox, which I want to try out based on recommendations from peers for running a server from within my Windows 7 x64 OS.  Ive never used VirtualBox, so Im certainly no expert at it, but I did want to share my experience with it thus far.  Specifically, my intention is to create a couple of virtual machines.  One I intend to use as a build server, for which a virtual machine makes sense because I can easily move it around as needed if there are hardware issues (its worth noting my need for setting up a build server at the moment is a result of a disk failure on the old build server).  The other VM I want to set up will act as a proxy server for the issue tracking system were using at Code Project, Axosoft OnTime.  They have a Remote Server application for this purpose, and since the OnTime install is 300 miles away from my location, the Remote Server should speed up my use of the OnTime client by limiting the chattiness with the database (at least, thats the hope). So, I need two VMs, and Im lazy.  I dont want to have to install the OS and such twice.  No problem, it should be simple to clone a virtualbox machine, or clone a virtualbox hard drive, right?  Well unfortunately, if you look at the UI for VirtualBox, theres no such command.  Youre left wondering How do I clone a VirtualBox machine? or the slightly related How do I clone a VirtualBox hard drive? If youve used VirtualPC, then you know that its actually pretty easy to copy and move around those VMs.  Not quite so easy with VirtualBox.  Finding the files is easy, theyre located in your user folder within the .VirtualBox folder (possibly within a HardDisks folder).  The disks have a .vdi extension and will be pretty large if youve installed anything.  The one shown here has just Windows Server 2008 R2 installed on it nothing else. If you copy the .vdi file and rename it, you can use the Virtual Media Manager to view it and you can create a new machine and choose the new drive to attach to.  Unfortunately, if you simply make a copy of the drive, this wont work and youll get an error that says something to the effect of: Cannot register the hard disk PATH with UUID {id goes here} because a hard disk PATH2 with UUID {same id goes here} already exists in the media registry (PATH to XML file). There are command line tools you can use to do this in a way that avoids this error.  Specifically, the c:\Program File\Sun\VirtualBox\VBoxManage.exe program is used for all command line access to VirtualBox, and to copy a virtual disk (.vdi file) you would call something like this: VBoxManage clonehd Disk1.vdi Disk1_Copy.vdi However, in my case this didnt work.  I got basically the same error I showed above, along with some debug information for line 628 of VBoxManageDisk.cpp.  As my main task was not to debug the C++ code used to write VirtualBox, I continued looking for a simple way to clone a virtual drive.  I found it in this blog post. The Secret setvdiuuid Command VBoxManage has a whole bunch of commands you can use with it just pass it /? to see the list.  However, it also has a special command called internalcommands that opens up access to even more commands.  The one thats interesting for us here is the setvdiuuid command.  By calling this command and passing in the file path to your vdi file, it will reset the UUID to a new (random, apparently) UUID.  This then allows the virtual media manager to cope with the file, and lets you set up new machines that reference the newly UUIDd virtual drive.  The full command line would be: VBoxManage internalcommands setvdiuuid MyCopy.vdi The following screenshot shows the error when trying clonehd as well as the successful use of setvdiuuid. Summary Now that I can clone machines easily, its a simple matter to set up base builds of any OS I might need, and then fork from there as needed.  Hopefully the GUI for VirtualBox will be improved to include better support for copying machines/disks, as this is Im sure a very common scenario. Did you know that DotNetSlackers also publishes .net articles written by top known .net Authors? We already have over 80 articles in several categories including Silverlight. Take a look: here.

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• Configure (or mimic) svn:externals to include code from Github in a svn-hosted project

  - by Dylan Beattie

  We use Subversion locally, and we're working on a project that uses a fork of Fluent NHibernate, which is hosted on Github. I'd like it set up so that a single svn checkout will retrieve everything necessary to build the project, but maintain the ability to fetch HEAD updates from github. Is there any way I can pull code from the Git repository as though it was an svn:external dependency? Can I just check the .git folder into our Subversion repository and just run git fetch when I need to, then svn commit the results?

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• Is using Clone() a bad programming practice if doing on heavily loaded objects?

  - by user301292

  We have a class that is more like a template (with lot of properties and overridden methods). I need to make many objects of that class type. Can I use clone() to create objects with specific settings if I have one object created? I know I need to override the Clone method. Is the performance going to take a hit by using Clone()?

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• Is Version control with GIT useful to work in small projects fon an individual developer? [closed]

  - by chefnelone

  I work as website developer. I develop with Drupal CSM. I have a drupal base installation which has some settings which are sort of default for all my proyects. This drupal installation is my drupal-base folder Every time I start a new project I just duplicate the `drupal-base- folder and start coding the new features I need for the new proyect. The problem is that sometimes I work in more than one projects at the same time and I get a new feature in one of the project that I'd like to commit to my drupal base installation and also to the other projects. Then keeping the sync of all this is nightmare. I thought that Version Control with GIT could help me with this and I went into a tutorial about it. But now I'm not sure if this will be usefull for me. Then my question is: I think that GIT is just usefull for big projects where a team is working all together in the same files. But it is not usefull to work in small and individual projects. Am I right?

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• How to open-source a project whose git repository has copyrighted media in the history?

  - by phyzome

  I want to release an audio fingerprinting software project under a free license, but the repository contains copyrighted audio files. The test cases also currently use these files. How do I release the code to the public with maximum version history but without violating copyright? Details: The code is versioned under git. We will collapse it all back into one branch before release. There are 400 MB of audio data. Some files are free-licensed music from e.g. Jamendo, others are MP3s from our personal collections. No matter what approach we take, we'll always keep an immutable copy of the original repo, so as not to destroy project history. Main question: How to handle the public release? Expunge all history of the files in question from the git repository and release the altered repo. (v64 pointed out a way to do this.) Alternatively, take a snapshot of the current state of the code and don't even bother having a public history of the pre-release code. Side question: How could we have avoided this dilemma in the first place, given that sometimes private code or media is needed for the early stages of a project?

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• Free APress e-book on GIT!

  - by TATWORTH

  Originally posted on: http://geekswithblogs.net/TATWORTH/archive/2013/07/24/free-apress-e-book-on-git.aspxA free e-book in PDF, mobi and ePub formats is available at http://git-scm.com/book"Programmers or project leaders will learn to use Git, the version control system developed by Linus Torvalds for Linux kernel development. You'll discover the world of distributed version control and learn how to build a Git development workflow, with expert guidance from Scott Chacon."

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• GIT repository layout for server with multiple projects

  - by Paul Alexander

  One of the things I like about the way I have Subversion set up is that I can have a single main repository with multiple projects. When I want to work on a project I can check out just that project. Like this \main \ProductA \ProductB \Shared then svn checkout http://.../main/ProductA As a new user to git I want to explore a bit of best practice in the field before committing to a specific workflow. From what I've read so far, git stores everything in a single .git folder at the root of the project tree. So I could do one of two things. Set up a separate project for each Product. Set up a single massive project and store products in sub folders. There are dependencies between the products, so the single massive project seems appropriate. We'll be using a server where all the developers can share their code. I've already got this working over SSH & HTTP and that part I love. However, the repositories in SVN are already many GB in size so dragging around the entire repository on each machine seems like a bad idea - especially since we're billed for excessive network bandwidth. I'd imagine that the Linux kernel project repositories are equally large so there must be a proper way of handling this with Git but I just haven't figured it out yet. Are there any guidelines or best practices for working with very large multi-project repositories?

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• git merge with renamed files

  - by Kevin

  I have a large website that I am moving into a new framework and in the process adding git. The current site doesn't have any version control on it. I started by copying the site into a new git repository. I made a new branch and made all of the changes that were needed to make it work with the new framework. One of those steps was changing the file extension of all of the pages. Now in the time that I have been working on the new site changes have been made to files on the old site. So I switched to master and copied all of those changes in. The problem is when I merge the branch with the new framework back onto master there is a conflict on every file that was changed on the master branch. I wouldn't be to worried about it but there are a couple of hundred files with changes. I have tried git rebase and git rebase --merge with no luck. How can I merge these 2 branches without dealing with every file?

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• Managing large binary files with git

  - by pi

  Hi there. I am looking for opinions of how to handle large binary files on which my source code (web application) is dependent. We are currently discussing several alternatives: Copy the binary files by hand. Pro: Not sure. Contra: I am strongly against this, as it increases the likelihood of errors when setting up a new site/migrating the old one. Builds up another hurdle to take. Manage them all with git. Pro: Removes the possibility to 'forget' to copy a important file Contra: Bloats the repository and decreases flexibility to manage the code-base and checkouts/clones/etc will take quite a while. Separate repositories. Pro: Checking out/cloning the source code is fast as ever, and the images are properly archived in their own repository. Contra: Removes the simpleness of having the one and only git repository on the project. Surely introduces some other things I haven't thought about. What are your experiences/thoughts regarding this? Also: Does anybody have experience with multiple git repositories and managing them in one project? Update: The files are images for a program which generates PDFs with those files in it. The files will not change very often(as in years) but are very relevant to a program. The program will not work without the files. Update2: I found a really nice screencast on using git-submodule at GitCasts.

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• Git graph with ref logs

  - by Francisco Garcia

  I am trying to improve my custom git log format string. I have almost everything I want except the ref names. I can already get a log similar to what I want: > git log --all --source --pretty=oneline --graph * b7c7ad3855b54e94ad7ac03f2d2e5b96d6e5ac1d refs/heads/b1 na | * 695e1482622a79230fa1d83afb8d70e86847334a refs/heads/master Merge branch 'b1' | |\ | |/ |/| * | ec21f370f82096c0208f43b390da234d92e8c74a refs/heads/b1 beta * | c6bc1f55ab3b1bd568493a5de4298dfcb4f66d8d refs/heads/b1 alfa * | 762dd868ae87753afc1cbf9803744c76f9a9e121 refs/heads/b1 tango | * 57fb27bff06ee9bb569f93ba815e9dcd69521c13 refs/heads/master little last post commit |/ | * 8d613d09b43152a7263b6e02d47ec8a4304f54be refs/heads/b3 the other commit | * e1f32b7cb86633351df06e37c2c58ef3f9fafc40 refs/heads/b3 something |/ | * 01b5c6728cf25dd576733211ce75dd3ecc29c7ba refs/heads/b2 this time a I am fighting to get a customized output with my own format string like this: > git log --pretty=format:'%h - %gD %s' --source -g b7c7ad3 - HEAD@{0} na ec21f37 - HEAD@{1} beta 01b5c67 - HEAD@{2} this time a 01b5c67 - HEAD@{3} this time a 695e148 - HEAD@{4} Merge branch 'b1' 57fb27b - HEAD@{5} little last post commit My main problem is that I cannot get the ref names I want. I assume it is one of the %g? format strings, but none of them seem to give me the full ref name. Another problem is that the %g? format strings are empty unless I walk the reflogs (-g). However git refuses to combine --graph with -g How can reproduce the first sample with a format string which I can further customize?

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• Web development scheme for staging and production servers using Git Push

  - by ServAce85

  I am using git to manage a dynamic website (PHP + MySQL) and I want to send my files from my localhost to my staging and development servers in the most efficient and hassle-free way. I am currently convinced that the best way for me to approach this problem is to use this git branching model to organize my local git repo. From there, I will use the release branches to push to my staging server for testing. Once I am happy that the release code works on the staging server, I can then merge with my master branch and push that to my production server. Pushing to Staging Server: As noted in many introductory git posts, I could run into problems pushing into a non-bare repo, so, as suggested in this response, I plan to push the release branch to a bare repo on the server and have a post-receive hook that clones the bare repo to a non-bare repo that also acts as the web-hosted directory. Pushing to Production Server: Here's my newest source of confusion... In the response that I cited above, it made me curious as to why @Paul states that it's a completely different story when pushing to a live, development server. I guess I don't see the problem. Would it be safe and hassle-free to follow the same steps as above, but for the master branch? Where are the potential pit-falls? Config Files: With respect to configuration files that are unique to each environment (.htaccess, config.php, etc), it seems simplest to .gitignore each of those files in their respective repos on their respective servers. Can you see anything immediately wrong with this? Better solutions? Accessing Data: Finally, as I initially stated, the site uses MySQL databases to store data. How would you suggest I access that data (for testing purposes) from the staging server and localhost? I realize that I may have asked way too many questions for a single post, but since they're all related to the best way to set up this development scheme, I thought it was necessary.

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• Outgoing Emails (Git Patches) Blocked by Windows Live

  - by SteveStifler

  Just recently I dove into the VideoLAN open source project. This was my first time using git, and when sending in my first patch (using git send-email --to [email protected] patches), I was sent the following message from my computer's local mail in the terminal (I'm on OSX 10.6 by the way): Mail rejected by Windows Live Hotmail for policy reasons. We generally do not accept email from dynamic IP's as they are not typically used to deliver unauthenticated SMTP e-mail to an Internet mail server. http:/www.spamhaus.org maintains lists of dynamic and residential IP addresses. If you are not an email/network admin please contact your E-mail/Internet Service Provider for help. Email/network admins, please visit http://postmaster.live.com for email delivery information and support They must think I'm a spammer. I have a dynamic IP and my ISP (Charter) won't let me get a static one, so I tried editing git preferences: git config --global user.email "[email protected]" to my gmail account. However I got the exact same message again. My guess is that it has something to do with the native mail's preferences, but I have no idea how to access them or modify them. Anybody have any ideas for solving this? Thanks!

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