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  • scala: defining a tratit and referencing the corresponding companion object

    - by opensas
    I'm trying to define a trait that uses the corresponding companion object, that is, the componion object of the class using the trait. for example, I have: :paste class Parent { def callMyCompanion = print(Parent.salute) } object Parent { def salute = "Hello from Parent companion object" } class Child extends Parent { } object Child { def salute = "Hello from Child companion object" } And then I create a parent object: scala> val p = new Parent() p: Parent = Parent@1ecf669 scala> p.callMyCompanion Hello from Parent companion object But with a child: scala> val c = new Child() c: Child = Child@4fd986 scala> c.callMyCompanion Hello from Parent companion object I'd like to get: Hello from Child companion object How can I achieve it???

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  • ActiveRecord Validations for Models with has_many, belongs_to associations and STI

    - by keruilin
    I have four models: User Award Badge GameWeek The associations are as follows: User has many awards. Award belongs to user. Badge has many awards. Award belongs to badge. User has many game_weeks. GameWeek belongs to user. GameWeek has many awards. Award belongs to game_week. Thus, user_id, badge_id and game_week_id are foreign keys in awards table. Badge implements an STI model. Let's just say it has the following subclasses: BadgeA and BadgeB. Some rules to note: The game_week_id fk can be nil for BadgeA, but can't be nil for BadgeB. Here are my questions: For BadgeA, how do I write a validation that it can only be awarded one time? That is, the user can't have more than one -- ever. For BadgeB, how do I write a validation that it can only be awarded one time per game week?

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  • How to manage feeds with subclassed object in Django 1.2?

    - by Matteo
    Hi, I'm trying to generate a feed rss from a model like this one, selecting all the Entry objects: from django.db import models from django.contrib.sites.models import Site from django.contrib.auth.models import User from imagekit.models import ImageModel import datetime class Entry(ImageModel): date_pub = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.datetime.now) author = models.ForeignKey(User) via = models.URLField(blank=True) comments_allowed = models.BooleanField(default=True) icon = models.ImageField(upload_to='icon/',blank=True) class IKOptions: spec_module = 'journal.icon_specs' cache_dir = 'icon/resized' image_field = 'icon' class Post(Entry): title = models.CharField(max_length=200) description = models.TextField() slug = models.SlugField(unique=True) def __unicode__(self): return self.title class Photo(Entry): alt = models.CharField(max_length=200) description = models.TextField(blank=True) original = models.ImageField(upload_to='photo/') class IKOptions: spec_module = 'journal.photo_specs' cache_dir = 'photo/resized' image_field = 'original' def __unicode__(self): return self.alt class Quote(Entry): blockquote = models.TextField() cite = models.TextField(blank=True) def __unicode__(self): return self.blockquote When I use the render_to_response in my views I simply call: def get_journal_entries(request): entries = Entry.objects.all().order_by('-date_pub') return render_to_response('journal/entries.html', {'entries':entries}) And then I use a conditional template to render the right snippets of html: {% extends "base.html" %} {% block main %} <hr> {% for entry in entries %} {% if entry.post %}[...]{% endif %}[...] But I cannot do the same with the Feed Framework in django 1.2... Any suggestion, please?

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  • Inheritence and usage of dynamic_cast

    - by Mewzer
    Hello, Suppose I have 3 classes as follows (as this is an example, it will not compile!): class Base { public: Base(){} virtual ~Base(){} virtual void DoSomething() = 0; virtual void DoSomethingElse() = 0; }; class Derived1 { public: Derived1(){} virtual ~Derived1(){} virtual void DoSomething(){ ... } virtual void DoSomethingElse(){ ... } virtual void SpecialD1DoSomething{ ... } }; class Derived2 { public: Derived2(){} virtual ~Derived2(){} virtual void DoSomething(){ ... } virtual void DoSomethingElse(){ ... } virtual void SpecialD2DoSomething{ ... } }; I want to create an instance of Derived1 or Derived2 depending on some setting that is not available until run-time. As I cannot determine the derived type until run-time, then do you think the following is bad practice?... class X { public: .... void GetConfigurationValue() { .... // Get configuration setting, I need a "Derived1" b = new Derived1(); // Now I want to call the special DoSomething for Derived1 (dynamic_cast<Derived1*>(b))->SpecialD1DoSomething(); } private: Base* b; }; I have generally read that usage of dynamic_cast is bad, but as I said, I don't know which type to create until run-time. Please help!

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  • How do you make a private member in the base class become a public member in the base class?

    - by jasonline
    Consider the following code: class Base { void f() { } }; class Derived: public Base { public: }; What can you change in the derived class, such that you can perform the following: Derived d; d.f(); If the member is declared as public in the base class, adding a using declaration for Base::f in the derived class public section would've fix the problem. But if it is declared as private in the base class, this doesn't seem to work.

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  • AS3: How can I require a method argument to implement multiple interfaces?

    - by Anders
    The argument to my method func() must implement the two unrelated interfaces IFoo and IBar. Is there a better way of doing this than declaring another interface only for this purpose that inherits from IFoo and IBar and using that interface as the argument type? public interface IFooBar implements IFoo, IBar { } public function func(arg:IFooBar):void { } I'm developing for Flash Player 9.

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  • Generics and Derived Classes .NET 3.5

    - by Achilles
    Consider the following where class "Circle" inherits from "Shape": dim objListOfCircles as new List(of Circle) DrawShapes(objListOfCirlces) Private sub DrawShapes(byref objListOfShapes as List(of Shape)) for each objShape as Shape in objListOfShapes objShape.Draw() next end sub I can't get this to work. What is the explaination as to why this doesn't work?

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  • What would be a better implementation of shared variable among subclass

    - by Churk
    So currently I have a spring unit testing application. And it requires me to get a session cookie from a foreign authentication source. Problem what that is, this authentication process is fairly expensive and time consuming, and I am trying to create a structure where I am authenticate once, by any subclass, and any subsequent subclass is created, it will reuse this session cookie without hitting the authentication process again. My problem right now is, the static cookie is null each time another subclass is created. And I been reading that using static as a global variable is a bad idea, but I couldn't think of another way to do this because of Spring framework setting things during run time and how I would set the cookie so that all other classes can use it. Another piece of information. The variable is being use, but is change able during run time. It is not a single user being signed in and used across the board. But more like a Sub1 would call login, and we have a cookie. Then multiple test will be using that login until SubX will come in and say, I am using different credential, so I need to login as something else. And repeats. Here is a outline of my code: public class Parent implements InitializingBean { protected static String BASE_URL; public static Cookie cookie; ... All default InitializingBean methods ... afterPropertiesSet() { cookie = // login process returns a cookie } } public class Sub1 extends Parent { @resource public String baseURL; @PostConstruct public void init() { // set parents with my baseURL; BASE_URL = baseURL; } public void doSomething() { // Do something with cookie, because it should have been set by parent class } } public class Sub2 extends Parent { @resource public String baseURL; @PostConstruct public void init() { // set parents with my baseURL; BASE_URL = baseURL; } public void doSomethingElse() { // Do something with cookie, because it should have been set by parent class } }

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  • How to implement a C# interface in F#?

    - by Anton Andreev
    I would like to implement the following C# interface in F#: using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Text; using Mono.Addins; [TypeExtensionPoint] public interface ISparqlCommand { string Name { get; } object Run(Dictionary<string, string> NamespacesDictionary, org.openrdf.repository.Repository repository, params object[] argsRest); } This is what I have tried, but it gives me: "Incomplete structured construct at or before this point in expression" #light module Module1 open System open System.Collections.Generic; type MyClass() = interface ISparqlCommand with member this.Name = "Finding the path between two tops in the Graph" member this.Run(NamespacesDictionary, repository, argsRest) = new System.Object What am I doing wrong? Maybe indentation is wrong?

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  • Persisting non-entity class that extends an entity (jpa) - example?

    - by Michal Minicki
    The JPA tutorial states that one can have a non-entity that extends entity class: Entities may extend both entity and non-entity classes, and non-entity classes may extend entity classes. - http://java.sun.com/javaee/5/docs/tutorial/doc/bnbqa.html Is it possible to persist such structure? I want to do this: @Entity abstract class Test { ... } class FirstConcreteTest extends Test { ... } // Non-ntity class SecondConcreteTest extends Test { ... } // Non-entity Test test = new FirstConcreteTest(); em.persist(test); What I would like it to do is to persist all fields mapped on abstract Test to a common database table for all concrete classes (first and second), leaving all fields of first and second test class unpersisted (these can contain stuff like EJBs, jdbc pools, etc). And a bonus question. Is it possible to persist abstract property too? @Entity abstract class Test { @Column @Access(AccessType.PROPERTY) abstract public String getName(); } class SecondConcreteTest extends Test { public String getName() { return "Second Concrete Test"; } }

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  • Consequences in PHP of implementing an interface through two different routes?

    - by Daniel Bingham
    What are the consequences of implementing the same interface through two different routes in PHP, are there any? What I mean, is something like this: interface baseInterface {} abstract class baseClass implements baseInterface { } interface myInterface extends baseInterface {} class myClass extends baseClass implements myInterface {} In this case myClass implements baseInterface from two different parents - myInterface and baseClass. Are there any consequences to this? My instinct is that PHP should handle this fine, but I just want to make sure. What exactly does PHP do in this case? Does it just check to see that the necessary functions are implemented for the interface each time it discovers it and call it a day or does it do something more?

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  • Should downcasting be avoided while using a class hierarchy in C++?

    - by neuviemeporte
    Let's say I'm writing an application which works with projects, and exposes different functionality depending on the type of the project. I have a hierarchy of classes for the different types of projects: class AbstractProject { }; class ProjectA : public AbstractProject { }; class ProjectB : public AbstractProject { }; class ProjectC : public AbstractProject { }; Now, I was planning to have an AbstractProject *_currentProject pointer as a member in the application's main class, pop up a dialog box on startup and based on the selection, do: _currentProject = new ProjectB(); // e.g. Later, I'll have to downcast the pointer to the specific type to utilize the functionality specific to different Project-s. Somehow this makes me feel uneasy. Is there a Better Way of doing this?

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  • Call overidden method in Dojo

    - by nomind
    In dojo, one cannot call a overidden superclass method outside of the same method in the derived class (for which there is this.inherited(), other than that one can call using class_name.function_name.apply). This feature is no longer there because of some refactoring and dojo guys are not going to put it back because they are not convinced about a good enough case for this. Please read this mail thread for details. Isn't there a good enough case for this functionality? Why or why not?

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  • Add Method to Built In Class

    - by Evorlor
    I am pretty sure this is not doable, but I will go ahead and cross my fingers and ask. I am trying to add a method to a built in class. I want this method to be callable by all of the built in class's subclasses. Specifically: I have a JButton, a JTextPane, and other JComponents. I want to be able to pass in a JDom Element instead of a Rectangle to setBounds(). My current solution is to extend each JComponent subclass with the desired methods, but that is a LOT of duplicate code. Is there a way I can write the following method just one time, and have it callable on all JComponent objects? Or is it required that I extend each subclass individually, and copy and paste the method below? public void setBounds(Element element) { this.setBounds(Integer.parseInt(element.getAttribute( "x").toString()), Integer.parseInt(element .getAttribute("y").toString()), Integer .parseInt(element.getAttribute("width").toString()), Integer.parseInt(element.getAttribute("height") .toString())); }

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  • Can this be done with multiple inhertance?

    - by Milo
    Here is what I would like to do. Say I have Class Widget. I then create Button from Widget. I then create ModifiedWidget which re-implements certain functions of Widget. I then want Button to use ModifiedWidget rather than plain Widget. Is this possible to do some how? Thanks class Button : public Widget; class SuperButton : public Button, public ModifiedWidget; I'm just not sure if that would do what I want it to though.

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  • question about class derivation in c++?

    - by jack22
    hi, i want to know some things about class derivation in c++ so i have super class x and an inherited class y and i did this class x{ public:a; private:b; protected:c; } class y:public x{ public:d; } in this case how y can access a,b,and c and by how i mean(public,protected,private) the second case: class x{ public:a; private:b; protected:c; } class y:private x{ public:d; } the same question? the third case: class x{ public:a; private:b; protected:c; } class y:private x{ public:d; } again the same question? sorry i think i wrote too much bye

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  • Assigning two strings together getting Access Read Violation

    - by Jay Bell
    I am trying to pass a string to a class mutator and set the private member to that string here is the code that is sending the string void parseTradePairs(Exchange::Currency *curr, std::string *response, int begin, int exit) { int start; int end; string temp; string dataResponse; CURL *tempCurl; initializeCurl(tempCurl); int location = response->find("marketid", begin); if(location <= exit) { start = location + 11; begin = response->find("label", start); end = begin - start - 3; findStrings(start, end, temp, response); getMarketInfo(tempCurl, temp, dataResponse); curr->_coin->setExch(temp); // here is the line of code that is sending the string dataResponse >> *(curr->_coin); curr->_next = new Exchange::Currency(curr, curr->_position + 1); parseTradePairs(curr->_next, response, begin, exit); } } and here is the mutator within the coin class that is receiving the string and assigning it to _exch void Coin::setExch(string exch) { _exch = exch; } I have stepped through it and made sure that exch has the string in it. "105" but soon as it hits _exch = exch; I get the reading violation. I tried passing as pointer as well. I do not believe it should go out of scope. and the string variable in the class is initialized to zero in the default constructor but again that should matter unless I am trying to read from it instead of writing to it. /* defualt constructor */ Coin::Coin() { _id = ""; _label = ""; _code= ""; _name = ""; _marketCoin = ""; _volume = 0; _last = 0; _exch = ""; } Exchange::Exchange(std::string str) { _exch = str; _currencies = new Currency; std::string pair; std::string response; CURL *curl; initializeCurl(curl); getTradePairs(curl, response); int exit = response.find_last_of("marketid"); parseTradePairs(_currencies, &response, 0, exit); } int main(void) { CURL *curl; string str; string id; Coin coin1; initializeCurl(curl); Exchange ex("cryptsy"); curl_easy_cleanup(curl); system("pause"); return 0; } class Exchange { public: typedef struct Currency { Currency(Coin *coin, Currency *next, Currency *prev, int position) : _coin(coin), _next(next), _prev(prev), _position(position) {} Currency(Currency *prev, int position) : _prev(prev), _position(position), _next(NULL), _coin(&Coin()){} Currency() : _next(NULL), _prev(NULL), _position(0) {} Coin *_coin; Currency *_next; Currency *_prev; int _position; }; /* constructor and destructor */ Exchange(); Exchange(std::string str); ~Exchange(); /* Assignment operator */ Exchange& operator =(const Exchange& copyExchange); /* Parse Cryptsy Pairs */ friend void parseTradePairs(Currency *curr, std::string *response, int begin, int exit); private: std::string _exch; Currency *_currencies; }; here is what i changed it to to fix it. typedef struct Currency { Currency(Coin *coin, Currency *next, Currency *prev, int position) : _coin(coin), _next(next), _prev(prev), _position(position) {} Currency(Currency *prev, int position) : _prev(prev), _position(position), _next(NULL), _coin(&Coin()){} Currency() { _next = NULL; _prev = NULL; _position = 0; _coin = new Coin(); } Coin *_coin; Currency *_next; Currency *_prev; int _position; };

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  • C# private (hidden) base class

    - by Loadmaster
    It is possible to make a C# base class accessible only within the library assembly it's compiled into, while making other subclasses that inherit from it public? For example: using System.IO; class BaseOutput: Stream // Hidden base class { protected BaseOutput(Stream o) { ... } ...lots of common methods... } public class MyOutput: BaseOutput // Public subclass { public BaseOutput(Stream o): base(o) { ... } public override int Write(int b) { ... } } Here I'd like the BaseOutput class to be inaccessible to clients of my library, but allow the subclass MyOutput to be completely public. I know that C# does not allow base classes to have more restrictive access than subclasses, but is there some other legal way of achieving the same effect?

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  • Having troubles inheriting base class

    - by Nick
    When I inherit the base class, it's telling me there is no such class This is enhanced.h: class enhanced: public changeDispenser // <--------where error is occuring { public: void changeStatus(); // Function: Lets the user know how much of each coin is in the machine enhanced(int); // Constructor // Sets the Dollar amount to what the User wants void changeLoad(int); // Function: Loads what change the user requests into the Coin Machine int dispenseChange(int); // Function: Takes the users amount of cents requests and dispenses it to the user private: int dollar; }; This is enhanced.cpp: #include "enhanced.h" #include <iostream> using namespace std; enhanced::enhanced(int dol) { dollar = dol; } void enhanced::changeStatus() { cout << dollar << " dollars, "; changeDispenser::changeStatus(); } void enhanced::changeLoad(int d) { dollar = dollar + d; //changeDispenser::changeLoad; } This is changeDispenser.h: class changeDispenser { public: void changeStatus(); // Function: Lets the user know how much of each coin is in the machine changeDispenser(int, int, int, int); // Constructor // Sets the Quarters, Dimes, Nickels, and Pennies to what the User wants void changeLoad(int, int, int, int); // Function: Loads what change the user requests into the Coin Machine int dispenseChange(int); // Function: Takes the users amount of cents requests and dispenses it to the user private: int quarter; int dime; int nickel; int penny; }; I didn't include the driver file or the changeDispenser imp file, but in the driver, these are included #include "changeDispenser.h" #include "enhanced.h"

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  • C++ Dynamic object construction

    - by Rajesh Subramanian
    I have a base class, class Msg { ParseMsg() { ParseMsgData(); ParseTrailer(); } virtual void ParseMsgData() = 0; ParseTrailer(); }; and derived classes, class InitiateMsg { void ParseMsgData() { ... } }; class ReadOperationMsg { void ParseMsgData() { ... } }; class WriteOperationMsg { void ParseMsgData() { ... } }; and the scenario is below, void UsageFunction(string data) { Msg* msg = ParseHeader(data); ParseMsg } Msg* ParseHeader(string data) { Msg *msg = NULL; .... switch() { case 1: msg = new InitiateMsg(); break; case 2: msg = new ReadOperationMsg{(); break; case 3: msg = new WriteOperationMsg{(); break; .... } return msg; } based on the data ParseHeader method will decide which object has to be created, So I have implemented ParseHeader function outside the class where I am using. How can I make the ParseHeader function inside the Msg class and then use it? In C# the same is achieved by defining ParseHeader method as static with in class and use it from outside,

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  • About calling an subclass' overriding method when casted to its superclass

    - by Omega
    #include <iostream> class Vehicle { public: void greet() { std::cout << "Hello, I'm a vehicle"; } }; class Car : public Vehicle { public: void greet() { std::cout << "Hello, I'm a car"; } }; class Bike : public Vehicle { public: void greet() { std::cout << "Hello, I'm a bike"; } }; void receiveVehicle(Vehicle vehicle) { vehicle.greet(); } int main() { receiveVehicle(Car()); return 0; } As you can see, I'm trying to send a parameter of type Vehicle to a function, which calls greet(). Car and Bike are subclasses of Vehicle. They overwrite greet(). However, I'm getting "Hello, I'm a vehicle". I suppose that this is because receiveVehicle receives a parameter of type Vehicle instead of a specific subclass like Car or Bike. But that's what I want: I want this function to work with any subclass of Vehicle. Why am I not getting the expected output?

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  • Compile time type determination in C++

    - by dicroce
    A coworker recently showed me some code that he found online. It appears to allow compile time determination of whether a type has an "is a" relationship with another type. I think this is totally awesome, but I have to admit that I'm clueless as to how this actually works. Can anyone explain this to me? template<typename BaseT, typename DerivedT> inline bool isRelated(const DerivedT&) { DerivedT derived(); char test(const BaseT&); // sizeof(test()) == sizeof(char) char (&test(...))[2]; // sizeof(test()) == sizeof(char[2]) struct conversion { enum { exists = (sizeof(test(derived())) == sizeof(char)) }; }; return conversion::exists; } Once this function is defined, you can use it like this: #include <iostream> class base {}; class derived : public base {}; class unrelated {}; int main() { base b; derived d; unrelated u; if( isRelated<base>( b ) ) std::cout << "b is related to base" << std::endl; if( isRelated<base>( d ) ) std::cout << "d is related to base" << std::endl; if( !isRelated<base>( u ) ) std::cout << "u is not related to base" << std::endl; }

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