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• Moving my bcd from HDD to SSD - Windows 7

  - by lelouch

  I have windows 7 installed on my SSD, but the /boot/ and bootmgr are on my hard-drive. I want to move them to my SSD for faster booting times. So i figured that I can fix the problem using the Windows startup repair tool. I made a bootable windows 7 flash drive, and ran Windows startup repair. However, it exits with an error. I also can't see my OS in the list of installed OSs. I then tried fixing via the command prompt with bootrec /fixmbr, bootrec /fixboot, bootrec /rebuildbcd. Bootrec /rebuildbcd finds the OS, but gives me the error "The requested system device cannot be found" when i try fixing it. Does anyone know why this is failing? I read somewhere that the Windows Repair environment doesn't support a flash drive, which is why I'm getting that error. Is this true? Unforunately my dvd drive is playing up so I can't use it to test this.

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• LDAP over SSL/TLS working for everything but login on Ubuntu

  - by Oliver Nelson

  I have gotten OpenLDAP with SSL working on a test box with a signed certificate. I can use an LDAP tool on a Windows box to view the LDAP over SSL (port 636). But when I run dpkg-reconfigure ldap-auth-config to setup my local login to use ldaps, my login under a username in the directory doesn't work. If I change the config to use just plain ldap (port 389) it works just fine (I can login under a username in the directory). When its setup for ldaps I get Auth.log shows: Sep 5 13:48:27 boromir sshd[13453]: pam_ldap: ldap_simple_bind Can't contact LDAP server Sep 5 13:48:27 boromir sshd[13453]: pam_ldap: reconnecting to LDAP server... Sep 5 13:48:27 boromir sshd[13453]: pam_ldap: ldap_simple_bind Can't contact LDAP server I will provide whatever are needed. I'm not sure what else to include. Thanx for any insights... OLIVER

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• Recover Intel Matrix Raid Configuration

  - by Catalin DICU

  Hello, I had 2 HDDs in Intel Matrix Raid configuration on a motherboard with intel ICH9R. I had some RAID 0 partitions and one RAID 1 partition. Somehow when replacing my videocard I partially unpulugged the power connector from one of the HDD. I booted and only one disk was showing. So I turned off the PC and correctly plugged the power connector and how both HDDs are showing as "Non-Raid Disk" Is there a way to restore the raid configuration from before ? In fact I don't really remember how my partitions where configured, I had 2x100Gb + 1x296Gb in RAID 0 and one 50Gb in RAID 1 (using 2x320Gb HDDs) but I'm not sure how many volumes and how the partitions where allocated on the volumes. Is there a tool to find that ? Thanks

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• What is the S.M.A.R.T. page?

  - by Mads Skjern

  I've just listened to Steve Gibson talk about his SpinRite software, on the Security Now podcast episode 336 (transscript). At 33:20 he says: I can show and do show on the SMART page that sectors are being relocated and that errors are being corrected. That SMART analysis page sometimes scares people because it shows, wait a minute, this thing says we're correcting so many errors per megabyte. What is this SMART page? 1) Some information saved on the HD by SMART, that I can access with a SMART tool like smartmontools? 2) A page (tab) in his SpinRite software? In any case, can I see, in any way, what sectors are marked as bad, without using SpinRite? Preferably using smartmontools!

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• Virtual PC and hardware-assisted virtualization (VT-x) problem

  - by Vesa Huovi

  I've installed Microsoft's Virtual PC on Windows 7, but when I try to start a virtual machine I get the following error message: '<Virtual machine name' could not be started because hardware-assisted virtualization is disabled. Please enable hardware virtualization in the BIOS settings and try again. If hardware virtualization settings is already enabled, you may have to disable Trusted Execution Technology (TXT) setting in BIOS or update the system BIOS. However, if I download and run the Hardware-Assisted Virtualization Detection Tool, it gives the following positive message: This computer is configured with hardware-assisted virtualization. This computer meets the processor requirements to run Windows Virtual PC. If this computer runs a supported edition of Windows® 7, you can install Windows Virtual PC. I've also used the MSR Walker in the third-party utility CrystalCPUID to examine MSR 0x3a on both processors on my system, and it's 0x5 (0x4 = VT enabled, 0x1 = VT lock), as expected. Does anyone have any ideas of what else to check? Thanks.

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• How to detect hard disk failure?

  - by Devator

  So, one of my servers has a hard disk failure. It's running software RAID, the system locked up and according to /proc/mdstat (and /var/log/messages), it's really down: Personalities : [raid1] md2 : active raid1 sdb2[1] 104320 blocks [2/1] [_U] md5 : active raid1 sdb5[1] 2104448 blocks [2/1] [_U] md6 : active raid1 sdb6[1] 830134656 blocks [2/1] [_U] md1 : active raid1 sdb1[1] 143363968 blocks [2/1] [_U] and Nov 5 22:04:37 m38501 smartd[4467]: Device: /dev/sda, not capable of SMART self-check However when I do smartctl -H /dev/sda, it passes the test. It also passes the test with smartctl --test=short /dev/sda. So, is smartctl a broken testing tool, or am I doing something completely off?

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• Can I find which script outputs which error?

  - by ibrahim

  There is a script which calls other scripts and they call others... I don't know exactly which scripts are called and how many of them. I only know that some of them are adding iptables rules and I get this error when I call root script. iptables: No chain/target/match by that name. iptables: No chain/target/match by that name. My problem is that I can not find which script outputs this errors. Is there any way or tool to learn that?

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• Windows 7 x64 how to verify integrity of ALL files on an NTFS disk?

  - by kilves76

  Looking for a tool that would verify integrity of ALL files on a Windows 7 x64 NTFS disk reliably? This is for testing of experimental defrag software, so it really needs to be secure and foolproof. I know it will take a long time, there's millions of files on the disk, but safety just cannot be compromised in a situation like this. Freeware solution much preferred. Can be either Windows software (=inducing pitfalls about files changing due to booting Windows) or a stand alone boot (for example linux boot cd + usb key for storing chksum/metadata).

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• Simple, user friendly and strong file encryption in Windows

  - by Adam Matan

  I want a colleague of mine to send me a sensitive MS-Word document via e-mail. Since Word's encryption is questionable, I would like to encrypt the file using a passphrase. Do you know of any user-friendly encryption tool that a novice user can easily use? I wouldn't like to prompt for keys or anything like this - just provide simple interface for single file encryption. EDIT: I have solved this using Putty Secure Copy, through a Linux box I have somewhere. The user downloaded scp to the same directory where the file was, and I have send him the exact scp command by mail. Nice! Another Edit I have some additions (mainly the usage of winscp and perhaps virtual machines). My detailed answer appears below, as requested in comments.

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• How important is it to install on the program files folder?

  - by eran

  In a proper installation of an average software, its executables would be in the program files folder; its user data in the user's application data folder; it's non user specific data in the all users application data folder; and it should usually be able to run under non-administrative privileges. These guidelines could easily be ignored on XP, but they are an issue on Vista and 7 due to UAC. We're on the verge of releasing a major version of our software. It's a CMS, used by our clients as their main work tool, and their IT staff are well familiar with it. If we want to be fully compatible with Windows 7, we have to make quite a few changes, and we're already on a tight schedule. Question is: we can easily have our clients install our software outside of program files, or have them run it as administrators. I think it's wrong, but I need some ammunition: why should we install on program files, with all the limitations that come with it?

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• how do applications (and OS) handle very big files?

  - by DrStrangeLove

  For instance, i have video file which is 11.8 Gb, but my RAM memory only 2 Gb.. How does VLC (or other software) handle it? How do they load it into memory? I used VMMap tool (from sysinternals) to take a look at memory, and i saw: private 160000K working set 100000K Obviously, it's much less than 11.8 Gb -So how did it happen? This question is not only about video. I'd like to know how computer, in general, handles very large files.

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• Any good PostgreSQL client for linux?

  - by senotrusov

  stackoverflow points me "belongs-on-serverfault" on this, so crossposting. I am frustrated of not having a good Linux GUI administration and development tool for PostgreSQL. pgAdmin III is buggy and unusable piece of... hmm, software, compared to Windows-only PostgreSQL Maestro and EMS PostgreSQL manager. phpPgaAmin does not looks promising. EMS PostgreSQL manager can work under Wine, but such setup have a number of issues. Requirements are: Table data editing and browsing for large tables (1M+), able to jump by FK or some master-slave editing, GUI filtering and so on. ER diagrams with in-place schema editing Schema editing and browsing with all useful GUI support Schema changes log to put into DB versioning (migrations script). Tabbed interface to be able to work with a number of tables and SQL queries at once. And so on. Any ideas?

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• Sonicwall settings for Polycom TFTP

  - by Michael Glenn

  I'm switching our VoIP phones (Polycom 301s and 501s) to our data network. They were previously segmented to their own network. This means disabling the DHCP on the Trixbox (Asterisk) server and configuring the Sonicwall TZ 210 DHCP to indicate that Trixbox is the TFTP server. The Polycom phones are stating "could not contact boot server". All phones are configured to TFTP and were confirmed working when previously using the Trixbox server for DHCP. Trixbox DHCP is now turned off. I've configured options 66(as String), 128(as IP) and 150(as IP) in DHCP and added them to a TFTP Option Group. I've enabled "Allow BOOTP Clients to use Range" for the Dynamic IP range and assigned the Option Group TFTP as the DHCP Generic Option Group. Any idea what I'm missing? Is there a separate tool to inspect the DHCP response to compare Trixbox to the Sonicwall?

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• wmic output well formed xml on remote queries

  - by Mervin

  I want to use the WMI command line tool (wmic) to get information about windows computers on the network and output it as valid xml. However, I can't seem to find the right way to do this as the outputted xml currently contains invalid tokens for which I think I should use the /TRANSLATE:basicxml switch. The command: wmic /NODE:"tech-demo" /IMPLEVEL:Impersonate /USER:MyUser /PASSWORD:MyPassword /PRIVILEGES:DISABLE /AUTHLEVEL:Pkt /AUTHORITY:"ntlmdomain:companydomain.local" PATH Win32_LogicalDisk GET * /FORMAT:rawxml This command runs but returns invalid xml tokens ('<' and '' I think? edit: it appears to fail parsing at ‹) When I add the translate switch I get the message: Can not use credentials for local connections a bit strange that it tries to query the local pc when I add the switch.. Help would be greatly appreciated.

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• Updating from OSX Lion 10.7.2 to 10.7.4

  - by Ozair Kafray

  I just got my Mac upgraded to 10.7.2, just to be able to install Xcode 4.3.3. However, when I try to install Xcode 4.3.3, it says that it requires a minimum of OSX 10.7.3. Then using the "Software Upgrade" tool it detects successfully for me that a combined upgrade to 10.7.4 is available. As I select Install Item, the download starts however, it fails after complete download (taking two hours) saying something like "the update cannot be saved". I have done this twice already, and followed it up until 5 minutes were left. I have also checked that there is enough space (60 GB) available on my hard disk, while the update requires around 1.5 GB. The question is what is causing the problem mentioned in bold above.

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• Convert from port numbers to protocol names ?

  - by Berkay

  i'm simply using tshark -r botnet.pcap -T fields -E separator=';' -e ip.src -e tcp.srcport -e ip.dst -e tcp.dstport '(tcp.flags.syn == 1 and tcp.flags.ack == 0)' to see the all initiated "legal TCP" connections. However, i need the destination port number conversion to "http" "netbios" etc. i'm not using -n option, but still i get: 128.3.45.128;62259;208.233.189.150;80 This is what i'm trying to get: 128.3.45.128;62259;208.233.189.150;http or 128.3.45.128;62259;208.233.189.150;80;http is better option for me. any idea from tshark users? or any other tool suggestions?

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• Microsoft Entourage/Exchange Server problem: all objects disappeared from server - still in some for

  - by splattne

  One of our employees works with Entourage on his MacBook Pro (OSX 10.6) accessing Exchange Server 2007. Last Friday morning, I think while working over a VPN, Entourage (I think it was Entourage) deleted all his objects (mail, calendar, contacts) on the server and while creating a lot of strange folders (starting with underscores) on the client. The local data seems to be there, but not in a consistent form. Since the user's mailbox is rather big, I suspect, that there was some kind of "move" operation which did not complete. I tried to export the data, but the export stops because of a corrupted object. Is there a tool or another way to export or retrieve the local data? Edit - FYI: we solved the problem getting his data from the previous night's backup.

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• How to map a key to a file explorer shell extension?

  - by Tony_Henrich

  I have a file explorer shell extension called "Copy File Path" or "Copy Folder Path", depending on which pane I am in in file explorer, which copies the full path of a file or a folder to the clipboard. Because it's very handy for me, I use it many times during the day. To make it more productive, I would like to assign a function key to it instead of using the right mouse click context menu, looking for it in the menu (big menu because of many extensions) and selecting it. The way I want to use it is select the file with the mouse and hit the function key. Is there a utility or tool, tray taskmaybe, which can add this functionality to Windows?

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• How does iperf calculate throughput and jitter?

  - by Someone

  I've read that iperf basically tries to send as much information down a connection as quickly as possible reporting on the throughput achieved. This tool is especially useful in determining the volume of data that links between two machines can supply. is it possible to gather the same results by sending regular data, as in not testing data? what I'm trying to do is this; sending data in the foreground while in the back ground gather statistics (throughput and jitter). so can anyone tell me how iperf calculates these two values ?

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• Where do I learn about IP blocks and subnets? Or is there just a calculator that does it all for me?

  - by cwd

  Amazon's elastic compute tool (among others) requires the ip block format for their command: ec2-authorize websrv -P tcp -p 80 -s 205.192.0.0/16 I may be doing this wrong, but as far as I can tell I need to use the block format even for a single IP address. 1) So, how would I do that for this IP? 71.75.232.132 Several years ago I took a CCNA class, and I remember going over IPs and subnets, masks, broadcast addresses, class a/b/c networks, etc. However a lot seems to have changed since then - for example I don't think you can tell what "class" a network is in just by looking at it anymore - sometimes they could be multiple classes. 2) Anyhow, my second question is where do I go to get a refresher on all these things? 3) Or should I just be using ipcalc or an online calculator to do it all for me - and if so, which one?

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• Recover RAID 5 data after created new array instead of re-using

  - by Brigadieren

  Folks please help - I am a newb with a major headache at hand (perfect storm situation). I have a 3 1tb hdd on my ubuntu 11.04 configured as software raid 5. The data had been copied weekly onto another separate off the computer hard drive until that completely failed and was thrown away. A few days back we had a power outage and after rebooting my box wouldn't mount the raid. In my infinite wisdom I entered mdadm --create -f... command instead of mdadm --assemble and didn't notice the travesty that I had done until after. It started the array degraded and proceeded with building and syncing it which took ~10 hours. After I was back I saw that that the array is successfully up and running but the raid is not I mean the individual drives are partitioned (partition type f8 ) but the md0 device is not. Realizing in horror what I have done I am trying to find some solutions. I just pray that --create didn't overwrite entire content of the hard driver. Could someone PLEASE help me out with this - the data that's on the drive is very important and unique ~10 years of photos, docs, etc. Is it possible that by specifying the participating hard drives in wrong order can make mdadm overwrite them? when I do mdadm --examine --scan I get something like ARRAY /dev/md/0 metadata=1.2 UUID=f1b4084a:720b5712:6d03b9e9:43afe51b name=<hostname>:0 Interestingly enough name used to be 'raid' and not the host hame with :0 appended. Here is the 'sanitized' config entries: DEVICE /dev/sdf1 /dev/sde1 /dev/sdd1 CREATE owner=root group=disk mode=0660 auto=yes HOMEHOST <system> MAILADDR root ARRAY /dev/md0 metadata=1.2 name=tanserv:0 UUID=f1b4084a:720b5712:6d03b9e9:43afe51b Here is the output from mdstat cat /proc/mdstat Personalities : [linear] [multipath] [raid0] [raid1] [raid6] [raid5] [raid4] [raid10] md0 : active raid5 sdd1[0] sdf1[3] sde1[1] 1953517568 blocks super 1.2 level 5, 512k chunk, algorithm 2 [3/3] [UUU] unused devices: <none> fdisk shows the following: fdisk -l Disk /dev/sda: 80.0 GB, 80026361856 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 9729 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x000bf62e Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 * 1 9443 75846656 83 Linux /dev/sda2 9443 9730 2301953 5 Extended /dev/sda5 9443 9730 2301952 82 Linux swap / Solaris Disk /dev/sdb: 750.2 GB, 750156374016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 91201 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x000de8dd Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdb1 1 91201 732572001 8e Linux LVM Disk /dev/sdc: 500.1 GB, 500107862016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 60801 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00056a17 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdc1 1 60801 488384001 8e Linux LVM Disk /dev/sdd: 1000.2 GB, 1000204886016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 121601 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x000ca948 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdd1 1 121601 976760001 fd Linux raid autodetect Disk /dev/dm-0: 1250.3 GB, 1250254913536 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 152001 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Disk /dev/dm-0 doesn't contain a valid partition table Disk /dev/sde: 1000.2 GB, 1000204886016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 121601 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x93a66687 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sde1 1 121601 976760001 fd Linux raid autodetect Disk /dev/sdf: 1000.2 GB, 1000204886016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 121601 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0xe6edc059 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdf1 1 121601 976760001 fd Linux raid autodetect Disk /dev/md0: 2000.4 GB, 2000401989632 bytes 2 heads, 4 sectors/track, 488379392 cylinders Units = cylinders of 8 * 512 = 4096 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 524288 bytes / 1048576 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Disk /dev/md0 doesn't contain a valid partition table Per suggestions I did clean up the superblocks and re-created the array with --assume-clean option but with no luck at all. Is there any tool that will help me to revive at least some of the data? Can someone tell me what and how the mdadm --create does when syncs to destroy the data so I can write a tool to un-do whatever was done? After the re-creating of the raid I run fsck.ext4 /dev/md0 and here is the output root@tanserv:/etc/mdadm# fsck.ext4 /dev/md0 e2fsck 1.41.14 (22-Dec-2010) fsck.ext4: Superblock invalid, trying backup blocks... fsck.ext4: Bad magic number in super-block while trying to open /dev/md0 The superblock could not be read or does not describe a correct ext2 filesystem. If the device is valid and it really contains an ext2 filesystem (and not swap or ufs or something else), then the superblock is corrupt, and you might try running e2fsck with an alternate superblock: e2fsck -b 8193 Per Shanes' suggestion I tried root@tanserv:/home/mushegh# mkfs.ext4 -n /dev/md0 mke2fs 1.41.14 (22-Dec-2010) Filesystem label= OS type: Linux Block size=4096 (log=2) Fragment size=4096 (log=2) Stride=128 blocks, Stripe width=256 blocks 122101760 inodes, 488379392 blocks 24418969 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user First data block=0 Maximum filesystem blocks=0 14905 block groups 32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group 8192 inodes per group Superblock backups stored on blocks: 32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208, 4096000, 7962624, 11239424, 20480000, 23887872, 71663616, 78675968, 102400000, 214990848 and run fsck.ext4 with every backup block but all returned the following: root@tanserv:/home/mushegh# fsck.ext4 -b 214990848 /dev/md0 e2fsck 1.41.14 (22-Dec-2010) fsck.ext4: Invalid argument while trying to open /dev/md0 The superblock could not be read or does not describe a correct ext2 filesystem. If the device is valid and it really contains an ext2 filesystem (and not swap or ufs or something else), then the superblock is corrupt, and you might try running e2fsck with an alternate superblock: e2fsck -b 8193 <device> Any suggestions? Regards!

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• Strange problem with Exchange client connection

  - by Sam Cogan

  I've got a strange problem with an Exchange 2007 server running on SBS 2008. It's been working fine for users for the last 5 months, then 5 days ago they started getting a problem where Outlook would popup a window asking for credentials. If the user enters there credentials it pops up again and again, however if the user cancels the box it goes away and outlook continues to work fine. These clients all connect using Outlook Anywhere, and OWA access is also working fine. I had thought this message box may have been to do with other POP or IMAP accounts being configured in Outlook, but it's not the case. I have re-configured Outlook Anywhere on the server but to no avail. Using the RPC diagnostic tool in Outlook shows no problems. There are no errors showing in the event log. The server seems to be running fine, so to me this seems like either a client, or an RPC over HTTP issue, but I'm not getting anywhere finding the cause, any help is appreciated!

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• Is there a "Run Level Configurator" for Windows XP?

  - by djangofan

  I have been having trouble with something causing my Windows XP system to take 6-8 minutes to startup from a cold boot. Something is happening during startup that is causing the system to crawl. I have a lot of Linux experience , especially configuring run levels so that some programs start before others do. I also know how to do that on Windows XP but its really complex, and with 50 services I'd have to keep a giant spreadsheet to keep it all organized. Is there such a thing as a Windows XP Tool that "emulates" the Linux run-level editors that I can use to control the order than services start on my system?

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• Linking RSA with Logstash etc

  - by Anuj

  i was wondering whether we can use logstash or any other opn source or free Log management too to collect,index the data and then feed this index into RSA envision or any other enterprise SIEM tool. Will this be beneficial in any way? Also are the indexes of various Log Management and SIEM tools -- splunk,RSA envision,HP Arcsight Logger and Logstash etc compatiable with each other. My organization is planning to buy RSA envision appliance and is there any way to restrict or select only certian type of log files eg: security logs or apache logs .. so that onlt those are monitored and this will reduce the EPS(events per second).

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• Episode by episode DVD Rip to AVI.

  - by ProfKaos

  I'm looking for a tool to rip DVD files to AVI files. VidCode looks cool, but it wants to convert the whole DVD (all files in the VIDEO_TS folder) to one AVI. I would like to pull each episode on the DVD to its own AVI. Is their a way to that with VidCode, or another ripper? My Plan B for VidCode is to manually separate files for each episode into their own VIDEO_TS folders. Is this possible? Is there an easy, lazy way to automate this?

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