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• Exim: send every emails with a predefined sender

  - by Gregory MOUSSAT

  We use Exim on our servers to send emails only from local automated users, as root, cron, etc. We have to specify every possible users into /etc/email-addresses. For example: root: [email protected] cron: [email protected] backup: [email protected] This allow us te receive every email generated. The problem is when we add a user for whatever reason (for example when we add a package, some add a user), we can forget to add this user to /etc/email-addresses. Most of the time it's not a problem, but this is not clean. And the overall method is not clean. We'd like to configure Exim to send every emails with the same source address. i.e. every sent email comes from [email protected] One way could be to use a wildcard or a regular expression into /etc/email-addresses but this is not supported. I don't currently understand Exim enought to figure out how to modify this in a way or another. Ideally, Exim should look into /etc/email-addresses first, and if no match it use the predefined address. But this is very secondary. There are two places where this address is used: 1. when Exim send the FROM: command to the smtp server 2. inside the header edit: The rewrite section is the original one from Debian begin rewrite .ifndef NO_EAA_REWRITE_REWRITE *@+local_domains "${lookup{${local_part}}lsearch{/etc/email-addresses} \ {$value}fail}" Ffrs *@ETC_MAILNAME "${lookup{${local_part}}lsearch{/etc/email-addresses} \ {$value}fail}" Ffrs .endif (comments removed)

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• Using fedora 17 commandline 'mail' program cannot send to hotmail

  - by Eric Leschinski

  I am trying to use the console in Fedora 17 to send an automated email to myself. I run this: echo "email content" | mail -s "blah" [email protected] It works fine, google treats it as a spam email, but when you mark it not spam everything is cool. For Hotmail there are policies to prevent the email from being sent. I do this: echo "email content" | mail -s "blah" [email protected] And the email returns as undeliverable, the email does not even appear in the spam folder and I get this as a response: ----- Transcript of session follows ----- ... while talking to mx3.hotmail.com.: >>> MAIL From:<[email protected]> SIZE=685 <<< 550 DY-001 (BAY0-MC3-F8) Unfortunately, messages from 184.90.101.28 weren't sent. Please contact your +Internet service provider. You can tell them that Hotmail does not relay dynamically-assigned IP ranges. +You can also refer your provider to http://mail.live.com/mail/troubleshooting.aspx#errors. 554 5.0.0 Service unavailable So apparently hotmail doesn't like spammers so much, they they are blocking anything with a dynamically assigned IP range. Google does not do this. What is the easiest way to just get around this and send an email to hotmail and end up in their spam folder to be unblocked later by the user?

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• Exchange 2010 Transport rules stepping on each other

  - by TopHat

  I have a group of users that I have to restrict email access for and so far using Exchange Transport Rules has worked very well. The problem I am having is that Rule 0 is supposed to bcc the email to a review mailbox but otherwise not change anything and Rule 9 is supposed to block the email and throw a custom NDR to tell the user why they were blocked. Here are my results in practice however. If Rule 0 is enabled and Rule 9 is enabled then only Rule 9 functions If Rule 0 is disabled and Rule 9 is enabled then Rule 9 functions If Rule 0 is enabled and Rule 9 is disabled then Rule 0 functions This is after the Transport Service has been restarted (multiple times actually). I have other rule pairs that work correctly. None of these are overlapping rulesets however. - copy email going to address outside domain and then block - copy email coming in from outside and then block Here is the rule for copying internal emails (Rule 0): Apply rule to messages from a member of Blind carbon copy (Bcc) the message to except when the message is sent to a member of or [email protected] Here is the rule to block the same email (rule 9): Apply rule to messages from a member of send 'Email to non-supervisors or managers has been prohibited. Please contact your supervisor for more information.' to sender with 5.7.420 except when the message is sent to , [email protected], The distribution group used for membership in these rules is used for the other blocking and copying rules and works as expected. Is there something I missed in this setup? All of the copy rules are at the front of the transport rule group and all the actual copies at at the end of the queue if that makes a difference. Any thoughts as to why the email doesn't get copied when it gets blocked?

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• Need info on scripts and Autoforward through Exchange Server in Outlook 2010

  - by user103037

  I am using the below information to auto-forward my work emails to my BB via a gmail account. The script works fine. But my work email ask's for every email to send either classifield or unclassified. What and where would I add into the below script to autoforward unclassified? I have written some VBA script to do this bypass the server's disabling of auto-forward. Basically it mimics the user forwarding the email rather than the server doing an auto-forward. It's pretty simple: Sub AutoForwardAllSentItems(Item As Outlook.MailItem) Dim strMsg As String Dim myFwd As Outlook.MailItem Set myFwd = Item.Forward myFwd.Recipients.Add "[email protected]" myFwd.Send Set myFwd = Nothing End Sub It's beyond the scope of this post to give detailed instructions, but here's a summary: Add the above code in the Visual Basic editor of Outlook (Alt-F11 should get your started). Be sure to change [email protected] to the address where you want the mail to go Tell Outlook to run this code for each inbound message (Tools - Rules and Alerts - New Rule - Check Messages when they arrive - Next - YES - Checkbox "Run a Script" - Then select the script you just created. Now Outlook should automatically forward each email you receive, but it won't be blocked by the Admin as an "Auto-forward".

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• Internet doesn't work by default

  - by Adam Martinez

  After upgrading to Precise, I am required to run 'sudo dhclient eth0' in a terminal in order to get the internet to work. Everything worked perfectly fine on Oneiric, so It's really puzzling me. I'm thinking it could possibly be something with the kernel, but who knows. Output of dmesg: [ 0.247891] system 00:01: [io 0x0290-0x030f] has been reserved [ 0.247896] system 00:01: [io 0x0290-0x0297] has been reserved [ 0.247901] system 00:01: [io 0x0880-0x088f] has been reserved [ 0.247908] system 00:01: Plug and Play ACPI device, IDs PNP0c02 (active) [ 0.247931] pnp 00:02: [dma 4] [ 0.247935] pnp 00:02: [io 0x0000-0x000f] [ 0.247939] pnp 00:02: [io 0x0080-0x0090] [ 0.247943] pnp 00:02: [io 0x0094-0x009f] [ 0.247947] pnp 00:02: [io 0x00c0-0x00df] [ 0.248033] pnp 00:02: Plug and Play ACPI device, IDs PNP0200 (active) [ 0.248125] pnp 00:03: [io 0x0070-0x0073] [ 0.248187] pnp 00:03: Plug and Play ACPI device, IDs PNP0b00 (active) [ 0.248205] pnp 00:04: [io 0x0061] [ 0.248260] pnp 00:04: Plug and Play ACPI device, IDs PNP0800 (active) [ 0.248277] pnp 00:05: [io 0x00f0-0x00ff] [ 0.248292] pnp 00:05: [irq 13] [ 0.248348] pnp 00:05: Plug and Play ACPI device, IDs PNP0c04 (active) [ 0.248583] pnp 00:06: [io 0x03f0-0x03f5] [ 0.248588] pnp 00:06: [io 0x03f7] [ 0.248597] pnp 00:06: [irq 6] [ 0.248601] pnp 00:06: [dma 2] [ 0.248690] pnp 00:06: Plug and Play ACPI device, IDs PNP0700 (active) [ 0.248998] pnp 00:07: [io 0x03f8-0x03ff] [ 0.249008] pnp 00:07: [irq 4] [ 0.249122] pnp 00:07: Plug and Play ACPI device, IDs PNP0501 (active) [ 0.249479] pnp 00:08: [io 0x0400-0x04bf] [ 0.249584] system 00:08: [io 0x0400-0x04bf] has been reserved [ 0.249591] system 00:08: Plug and Play ACPI device, IDs PNP0c02 (active) [ 0.249628] pnp 00:09: [mem 0xffb80000-0xffbfffff] [ 0.249690] pnp 00:09: Plug and Play ACPI device, IDs INT0800 (active) [ 0.250049] pnp 00:0a: [mem 0xe0000000-0xefffffff] [ 0.250167] system 00:0a: [mem 0xe0000000-0xefffffff] has been reserved [ 0.250173] system 00:0a: Plug and Play ACPI device, IDs PNP0c02 (active) [ 0.250302] pnp 00:0b: [mem 0x000f0000-0x000fffff] [ 0.250307] pnp 00:0b: [mem 0x7ff00000-0x7fffffff] [ 0.250311] pnp 00:0b: [mem 0xfed00000-0xfed000ff] [ 0.250316] pnp 00:0b: [mem 0x0000046e-0x0000056d] [ 0.250320] pnp 00:0b: [mem 0x7fee0000-0x7fefffff] [ 0.250324] pnp 00:0b: [mem 0x00000000-0x0009ffff] [ 0.250328] pnp 00:0b: [mem 0x00100000-0x7fedffff] [ 0.250332] pnp 00:0b: [mem 0xfec00000-0xfec00fff] [ 0.250336] pnp 00:0b: [mem 0xfed14000-0xfed1dfff] [ 0.250341] pnp 00:0b: [mem 0xfed20000-0xfed9ffff] [ 0.250345] pnp 00:0b: [mem 0xfee00000-0xfee00fff] [ 0.250349] pnp 00:0b: [mem 0xffb00000-0xffb7ffff] [ 0.250353] pnp 00:0b: [mem 0xfff00000-0xffffffff] [ 0.250357] pnp 00:0b: [mem 0x000e0000-0x000effff] [ 0.250409] pnp 00:0b: disabling [mem 0x0000046e-0x0000056d] because it overlaps 0000:01:00.0 BAR 6 [mem 0x00000000-0x0007ffff pref] [ 0.250419] pnp 00:0b: disabling [mem 0x0000046e-0x0000056d disabled] because it overlaps 0000:03:00.0 BAR 6 [mem 0x00000000-0x0000ffff pref] [ 0.250430] pnp 00:0b: disabling [mem 0x0000046e-0x0000056d disabled] because it overlaps 0000:04:00.0 BAR 6 [mem 0x00000000-0x0001ffff pref] [ 0.250524] system 00:0b: [mem 0x000f0000-0x000fffff] could not be reserved [ 0.250530] system 00:0b: [mem 0x7ff00000-0x7fffffff] has been reserved [ 0.250536] system 00:0b: [mem 0xfed00000-0xfed000ff] has been reserved [ 0.250541] system 00:0b: [mem 0x7fee0000-0x7fefffff] could not be reserved [ 0.250547] system 00:0b: [mem 0x00000000-0x0009ffff] could not be reserved [ 0.250552] system 00:0b: [mem 0x00100000-0x7fedffff] could not be reserved [ 0.250558] system 00:0b: [mem 0xfec00000-0xfec00fff] could not be reserved [ 0.250563] system 00:0b: [mem 0xfed14000-0xfed1dfff] has been reserved [ 0.250568] system 00:0b: [mem 0xfed20000-0xfed9ffff] has been reserved [ 0.250574] system 00:0b: [mem 0xfee00000-0xfee00fff] has been reserved [ 0.250579] system 00:0b: [mem 0xffb00000-0xffb7ffff] has been reserved [ 0.250585] system 00:0b: [mem 0xfff00000-0xffffffff] has been reserved [ 0.250590] system 00:0b: [mem 0x000e0000-0x000effff] has been reserved [ 0.250596] system 00:0b: Plug and Play ACPI device, IDs PNP0c01 (active) [ 0.250614] pnp: PnP ACPI: found 12 devices [ 0.250617] ACPI: ACPI bus type pnp unregistered [ 0.250624] PnPBIOS: Disabled by ACPI PNP [ 0.288725] PCI: max bus depth: 1 pci_try_num: 2 [ 0.288786] pci 0000:01:00.0: BAR 6: assigned [mem 0xfb000000-0xfb07ffff pref] [ 0.288792] pci 0000:00:01.0: PCI bridge to [bus 01-01] [ 0.288797] pci 0000:00:01.0: bridge window [io 0xa000-0xafff] [ 0.288804] pci 0000:00:01.0: bridge window [mem 0xf8000000-0xfbffffff] [ 0.288811] pci 0000:00:01.0: bridge window [mem 0xd0000000-0xdfffffff 64bit pref] [ 0.288820] pci 0000:00:1c.0: PCI bridge to [bus 02-02] [ 0.288825] pci 0000:00:1c.0: bridge window [io 0x9000-0x9fff] [ 0.288833] pci 0000:00:1c.0: bridge window [mem 0xfdb00000-0xfdbfffff] [ 0.288840] pci 0000:00:1c.0: bridge window [mem 0xfd800000-0xfd8fffff 64bit pref] [ 0.288851] pci 0000:03:00.0: BAR 6: assigned [mem 0xfde00000-0xfde0ffff pref] [ 0.288856] pci 0000:00:1c.4: PCI bridge to [bus 03-03] [ 0.288861] pci 0000:00:1c.4: bridge window [io 0xd000-0xdfff] [ 0.288869] pci 0000:00:1c.4: bridge window [mem 0xfd700000-0xfd7fffff] [ 0.288876] pci 0000:00:1c.4: bridge window [mem 0xfde00000-0xfdefffff 64bit pref] [ 0.288887] pci 0000:04:00.0: BAR 6: assigned [mem 0xfdc00000-0xfdc1ffff pref] [ 0.288891] pci 0000:00:1c.5: PCI bridge to [bus 04-04] [ 0.288897] pci 0000:00:1c.5: bridge window [io 0xb000-0xbfff] [ 0.288904] pci 0000:00:1c.5: bridge window [mem 0xfdd00000-0xfddfffff] [ 0.288911] pci 0000:00:1c.5: bridge window [mem 0xfdc00000-0xfdcfffff 64bit pref] [ 0.288920] pci 0000:00:1e.0: PCI bridge to [bus 05-05] [ 0.288926] pci 0000:00:1e.0: bridge window [io 0xc000-0xcfff] [ 0.288933] pci 0000:00:1e.0: bridge window [mem 0xfda00000-0xfdafffff] [ 0.288940] pci 0000:00:1e.0: bridge window [mem 0xfd900000-0xfd9fffff 64bit pref] [ 0.288971] pci 0000:00:01.0: PCI INT A -> GSI 16 (level, low) -> IRQ 16 [ 0.288979] pci 0000:00:01.0: setting latency timer to 64 [ 0.288991] pci 0000:00:1c.0: PCI INT A -> GSI 16 (level, low) -> IRQ 16 [ 0.288998] pci 0000:00:1c.0: setting latency timer to 64 [ 0.289008] pci 0000:00:1c.4: PCI INT A -> GSI 16 (level, low) -> IRQ 16 [ 0.289014] pci 0000:00:1c.4: setting latency timer to 64 [ 0.289030] pci 0000:00:1c.5: PCI INT B -> GSI 17 (level, low) -> IRQ 17 [ 0.289037] pci 0000:00:1c.5: setting latency timer to 64 [ 0.289047] pci 0000:00:1e.0: setting latency timer to 64 [ 0.289054] pci_bus 0000:00: resource 4 [io 0x0000-0x0cf7] [ 0.289058] pci_bus 0000:00: resource 5 [io 0x0d00-0xffff] [ 0.289063] pci_bus 0000:00: resource 6 [mem 0x000a0000-0x000bffff] [ 0.289067] pci_bus 0000:00: resource 7 [mem 0x000c0000-0x000dffff] [ 0.289072] pci_bus 0000:00: resource 8 [mem 0x7ff00000-0xfebfffff] [ 0.289077] pci_bus 0000:01: resource 0 [io 0xa000-0xafff] [ 0.289081] pci_bus 0000:01: resource 1 [mem 0xf8000000-0xfbffffff] [ 0.289086] pci_bus 0000:01: resource 2 [mem 0xd0000000-0xdfffffff 64bit pref] [ 0.289092] pci_bus 0000:02: resource 0 [io 0x9000-0x9fff] [ 0.289096] pci_bus 0000:02: resource 1 [mem 0xfdb00000-0xfdbfffff] [ 0.289101] pci_bus 0000:02: resource 2 [mem 0xfd800000-0xfd8fffff 64bit pref] [ 0.289106] pci_bus 0000:03: resource 0 [io 0xd000-0xdfff] [ 0.289110] pci_bus 0000:03: resource 1 [mem 0xfd700000-0xfd7fffff] [ 0.289115] pci_bus 0000:03: resource 2 [mem 0xfde00000-0xfdefffff 64bit pref] [ 0.289120] pci_bus 0000:04: resource 0 [io 0xb000-0xbfff] [ 0.289124] pci_bus 0000:04: resource 1 [mem 0xfdd00000-0xfddfffff] [ 0.289129] pci_bus 0000:04: resource 2 [mem 0xfdc00000-0xfdcfffff 64bit pref] [ 0.289134] pci_bus 0000:05: resource 0 [io 0xc000-0xcfff] [ 0.289138] pci_bus 0000:05: resource 1 [mem 0xfda00000-0xfdafffff] [ 0.289143] pci_bus 0000:05: resource 2 [mem 0xfd900000-0xfd9fffff 64bit pref] [ 0.289148] pci_bus 0000:05: resource 4 [io 0x0000-0x0cf7] [ 0.289152] pci_bus 0000:05: resource 5 [io 0x0d00-0xffff] [ 0.289157] pci_bus 0000:05: resource 6 [mem 0x000a0000-0x000bffff] [ 0.289161] pci_bus 0000:05: resource 7 [mem 0x000c0000-0x000dffff] [ 0.289166] pci_bus 0000:05: resource 8 [mem 0x7ff00000-0xfebfffff] [ 0.289233] NET: Registered protocol family 2 [ 0.289360] IP route cache hash table entries: 32768 (order: 5, 131072 bytes) [ 0.289754] TCP established hash table entries: 131072 (order: 8, 1048576 bytes) [ 0.290351] TCP bind hash table entries: 65536 (order: 7, 524288 bytes) [ 0.290670] TCP: Hash tables configured (established 131072 bind 65536) [ 0.290674] TCP reno registered [ 0.290680] UDP hash table entries: 512 (order: 2, 16384 bytes) [ 0.290703] UDP-Lite hash table entries: 512 (order: 2, 16384 bytes) [ 0.290868] NET: Registered protocol family 1 [ 0.290911] pci 0000:00:1a.0: PCI INT A -> GSI 16 (level, low) -> IRQ 16 [ 0.290932] pci 0000:00:1a.0: PCI INT A disabled [ 0.290956] pci 0000:00:1a.1: PCI INT B -> GSI 21 (level, low) -> IRQ 21 [ 0.290975] pci 0000:00:1a.1: PCI INT B disabled [ 0.290992] pci 0000:00:1a.2: PCI INT D -> GSI 19 (level, low) -> IRQ 19 [ 0.291012] pci 0000:00:1a.2: PCI INT D disabled [ 0.291031] pci 0000:00:1a.7: PCI INT C -> GSI 18 (level, low) -> IRQ 18 [ 0.291068] pci 0000:00:1a.7: PCI INT C disabled [ 0.291104] pci 0000:00:1d.0: PCI INT A -> GSI 23 (level, low) -> IRQ 23 [ 0.291123] pci 0000:00:1d.0: PCI INT A disabled [ 0.291135] pci 0000:00:1d.1: PCI INT B -> GSI 19 (level, low) -> IRQ 19 [ 0.291155] pci 0000:00:1d.1: PCI INT B disabled [ 0.291166] pci 0000:00:1d.2: PCI INT C -> GSI 18 (level, low) -> IRQ 18 [ 0.291185] pci 0000:00:1d.2: PCI INT C disabled [ 0.291198] pci 0000:00:1d.7: PCI INT A -> GSI 23 (level, low) -> IRQ 23 [ 0.291219] pci 0000:00:1d.7: PCI INT A disabled [ 0.291258] pci 0000:01:00.0: Boot video device [ 0.291273] PCI: CLS 4 bytes, default 64 [ 0.291857] audit: initializing netlink socket (disabled) [ 0.291876] type=2000 audit(1336753420.284:1): initialized [ 0.337724] highmem bounce pool size: 64 pages [ 0.337734] HugeTLB registered 2 MB page size, pre-allocated 0 pages [ 0.349241] VFS: Disk quotas dquot_6.5.2 [ 0.349365] Dquot-cache hash table entries: 1024 (order 0, 4096 bytes) [ 0.350418] fuse init (API version 7.17) [ 0.350611] msgmni has been set to 1685 [ 0.351179] Block layer SCSI generic (bsg) driver version 0.4 loaded (major 253) [ 0.351229] io scheduler noop registered [ 0.351233] io scheduler deadline registered [ 0.351247] io scheduler cfq registered (default) [ 0.351450] pcieport 0000:00:01.0: setting latency timer to 64 [ 0.351502] pcieport 0000:00:01.0: irq 40 for MSI/MSI-X [ 0.351585] pcieport 0000:00:1c.0: setting latency timer to 64 [ 0.351639] pcieport 0000:00:1c.0: irq 41 for MSI/MSI-X [ 0.351728] pcieport 0000:00:1c.4: setting latency timer to 64 [ 0.351779] pcieport 0000:00:1c.4: irq 42 for MSI/MSI-X [ 0.351875] pcieport 0000:00:1c.5: setting latency timer to 64 [ 0.351927] pcieport 0000:00:1c.5: irq 43 for MSI/MSI-X [ 0.352094] pci_hotplug: PCI Hot Plug PCI Core version: 0.5 [ 0.352143] pciehp: PCI Express Hot Plug Controller Driver version: 0.4 [ 0.352311] intel_idle: MWAIT substates: 0x22220 [ 0.352315] intel_idle: does not run on family 6 model 23 [ 0.352446] input: Power Button as /devices/LNXSYSTM:00/device:00/PNP0C0C:00/input/input0 [ 0.352455] ACPI: Power Button [PWRB] [ 0.352556] input: Power Button as /devices/LNXSYSTM:00/LNXPWRBN:00/input/input1 [ 0.352562] ACPI: Power Button [PWRF] [ 0.352650] ACPI: Fan [FAN] (on) [ 0.355667] thermal LNXTHERM:00: registered as thermal_zone0 [ 0.355673] ACPI: Thermal Zone [THRM] (26 C) [ 0.355750] ERST: Table is not found! [ 0.355753] GHES: HEST is not enabled! [ 0.355898] Serial: 8250/16550 driver, 32 ports, IRQ sharing enabled [ 0.376332] serial8250: ttyS0 at I/O 0x3f8 (irq = 4) is a 16550A [ 0.376582] isapnp: Scanning for PnP cards... [ 0.709133] Freeing initrd memory: 13792k freed [ 0.729743] isapnp: No Plug & Play device found [ 0.816786] 00:07: ttyS0 at I/O 0x3f8 (irq = 4) is a 16550A [ 0.832385] Linux agpgart interface v0.103 [ 0.835605] brd: module loaded [ 0.837138] loop: module loaded [ 0.837452] ata_piix 0000:00:1f.2: version 2.13 [ 0.837473] ata_piix 0000:00:1f.2: PCI INT A -> GSI 19 (level, low) -> IRQ 19 [ 0.837480] ata_piix 0000:00:1f.2: MAP [ P0 P2 P1 P3 ] [ 0.837546] ata_piix 0000:00:1f.2: setting latency timer to 64 [ 0.838099] scsi0 : ata_piix [ 0.838253] scsi1 : ata_piix [ 0.839183] ata1: SATA max UDMA/133 cmd 0xf900 ctl 0xf800 bmdma 0xf500 irq 19 [ 0.839192] ata2: SATA max UDMA/133 cmd 0xf700 ctl 0xf600 bmdma 0xf508 irq 19 [ 0.839239] ata_piix 0000:00:1f.5: PCI INT A -> GSI 19 (level, low) -> IRQ 19 [ 0.839246] ata_piix 0000:00:1f.5: MAP [ P0 -- P1 -- ] [ 0.839300] ata_piix 0000:00:1f.5: setting latency timer to 64 [ 0.839708] scsi2 : ata_piix [ 0.839841] scsi3 : ata_piix [ 0.840301] ata3: SATA max UDMA/133 cmd 0xf200 ctl 0xf100 bmdma 0xee00 irq 19 [ 0.840308] ata4: SATA max UDMA/133 cmd 0xf000 ctl 0xef00 bmdma 0xee08 irq 19 [ 0.840429] pata_acpi 0000:03:00.0: PCI INT A -> GSI 16 (level, low) -> IRQ 16 [ 0.840467] pata_acpi 0000:03:00.0: setting latency timer to 64 [ 0.840488] pata_acpi 0000:03:00.0: PCI INT A disabled [ 0.841159] Fixed MDIO Bus: probed [ 0.841205] tun: Universal TUN/TAP device driver, 1.6 [ 0.841210] tun: (C) 1999-2004 Max Krasnyansky <[email protected]> [ 0.841322] PPP generic driver version 2.4.2 [ 0.841515] ehci_hcd: USB 2.0 'Enhanced' Host Controller (EHCI) Driver [ 0.841542] ehci_hcd 0000:00:1a.7: PCI INT C -> GSI 18 (level, low) -> IRQ 18 [ 0.841567] ehci_hcd 0000:00:1a.7: setting latency timer to 64 [ 0.841573] ehci_hcd 0000:00:1a.7: EHCI Host Controller [ 0.841658] ehci_hcd 0000:00:1a.7: new USB bus registered, assigned bus number 1 [ 0.845582] ehci_hcd 0000:00:1a.7: cache line size of 4 is not supported [ 0.845610] ehci_hcd 0000:00:1a.7: irq 18, io mem 0xfdfff000 [ 0.860022] ehci_hcd 0000:00:1a.7: USB 2.0 started, EHCI 1.00 [ 0.860264] hub 1-0:1.0: USB hub found [ 0.860272] hub 1-0:1.0: 6 ports detected [ 0.860404] ehci_hcd 0000:00:1d.7: PCI INT A -> GSI 23 (level, low) -> IRQ 23 [ 0.860424] ehci_hcd 0000:00:1d.7: setting latency timer to 64 [ 0.860430] ehci_hcd 0000:00:1d.7: EHCI Host Controller [ 0.860512] ehci_hcd 0000:00:1d.7: new USB bus registered, assigned bus number 2 [ 0.864413] ehci_hcd 0000:00:1d.7: cache line size of 4 is not supported [ 0.864438] ehci_hcd 0000:00:1d.7: irq 23, io mem 0xfdffe000 [ 0.880021] ehci_hcd 0000:00:1d.7: USB 2.0 started, EHCI 1.00 [ 0.880227] hub 2-0:1.0: USB hub found [ 0.880234] hub 2-0:1.0: 6 ports detected [ 0.880369] ohci_hcd: USB 1.1 'Open' Host Controller (OHCI) Driver [ 0.880396] uhci_hcd: USB Universal Host Controller Interface driver [ 0.880431] uhci_hcd 0000:00:1a.0: PCI INT A -> GSI 16 (level, low) -> IRQ 16 [ 0.880443] uhci_hcd 0000:00:1a.0: setting latency timer to 64 [ 0.880449] uhci_hcd 0000:00:1a.0: UHCI Host Controller [ 0.880529] uhci_hcd 0000:00:1a.0: new USB bus registered, assigned bus number 3 [ 0.880574] uhci_hcd 0000:00:1a.0: irq 16, io base 0x0000ff00 [ 0.880803] hub 3-0:1.0: USB hub found [ 0.880811] hub 3-0:1.0: 2 ports detected [ 0.880929] uhci_hcd 0000:00:1a.1: PCI INT B -> GSI 21 (level, low) -> IRQ 21 [ 0.880940] uhci_hcd 0000:00:1a.1: setting latency timer to 64 [ 0.880946] uhci_hcd 0000:00:1a.1: UHCI Host Controller [ 0.881039] uhci_hcd 0000:00:1a.1: new USB bus registered, assigned bus number 4 [ 0.881081] uhci_hcd 0000:00:1a.1: irq 21, io base 0x0000fe00 [ 0.881302] hub 4-0:1.0: USB hub found [ 0.881310] hub 4-0:1.0: 2 ports detected [ 0.881427] uhci_hcd 0000:00:1a.2: PCI INT D -> GSI 19 (level, low) -> IRQ 19 [ 0.881438] uhci_hcd 0000:00:1a.2: setting latency timer to 64 [ 0.881443] uhci_hcd 0000:00:1a.2: UHCI Host Controller [ 0.881523] uhci_hcd 0000:00:1a.2: new USB bus registered, assigned bus number 5 [ 0.881551] uhci_hcd 0000:00:1a.2: irq 19, io base 0x0000fd00 [ 0.881774] hub 5-0:1.0: USB hub found [ 0.881781] hub 5-0:1.0: 2 ports detected [ 0.881899] uhci_hcd 0000:00:1d.0: PCI INT A -> GSI 23 (level, low) -> IRQ 23 [ 0.881910] uhci_hcd 0000:00:1d.0: setting latency timer to 64 [ 0.881915] uhci_hcd 0000:00:1d.0: UHCI Host Controller [ 0.881993] uhci_hcd 0000:00:1d.0: new USB bus registered, assigned bus number 6 [ 0.882021] uhci_hcd 0000:00:1d.0: irq 23, io base 0x0000fc00 [ 0.882244] hub 6-0:1.0: USB hub found [ 0.882252] hub 6-0:1.0: 2 ports detected [ 0.882370] uhci_hcd 0000:00:1d.1: PCI INT B -> GSI 19 (level, low) -> IRQ 19 [ 0.882381] uhci_hcd 0000:00:1d.1: setting latency timer to 64 [ 0.882386] uhci_hcd 0000:00:1d.1: UHCI Host Controller [ 0.882467] uhci_hcd 0000:00:1d.1: new USB bus registered, assigned bus number 7 [ 0.882495] uhci_hcd 0000:00:1d.1: irq 19, io base 0x0000fb00 [ 0.882735] hub 7-0:1.0: USB hub found [ 0.882742] hub 7-0:1.0: 2 ports detected [ 0.882858] uhci_hcd 0000:00:1d.2: PCI INT C -> GSI 18 (level, low) -> IRQ 18 [ 0.882869] uhci_hcd 0000:00:1d.2: setting latency timer to 64 [ 0.882875] uhci_hcd 0000:00:1d.2: UHCI Host Controller [ 0.882954] uhci_hcd 0000:00:1d.2: new USB bus registered, assigned bus number 8 [ 0.882982] uhci_hcd 0000:00:1d.2: irq 18, io base 0x0000fa00 [ 0.883205] hub 8-0:1.0: USB hub found [ 0.883213] hub 8-0:1.0: 2 ports detected [ 0.883435] usbcore: registered new interface driver libusual [ 0.883535] i8042: PNP: No PS/2 controller found. Probing ports directly. [ 0.883926] serio: i8042 KBD port at 0x60,0x64 irq 1 [ 0.883936] serio: i8042 AUX port at 0x60,0x64 irq 12 [ 0.884187] mousedev: PS/2 mouse device common for all mice [ 0.884433] rtc_cmos 00:03: RTC can wake from S4 [ 0.884582] rtc_cmos 00:03: rtc core: registered rtc_cmos as rtc0 [ 0.884612] rtc0: alarms up to one month, 242 bytes nvram, hpet irqs [ 0.884719] device-mapper: uevent: version 1.0.3 [ 0.884854] device-mapper: ioctl: 4.22.0-ioctl (2011-10-19) initialised: [email protected] [ 0.884917] EISA: Probing bus 0 at eisa.0 [ 0.884921] EISA: Cannot allocate resource for mainboard [ 0.884925] Cannot allocate resource for EISA slot 1 [ 0.884929] Cannot allocate resource for EISA slot 2 [ 0.884932] Cannot allocate resource for EISA slot 3 [ 0.884936] Cannot allocate resource for EISA slot 4 [ 0.884940] Cannot allocate resource for EISA slot 5 [ 0.884943] Cannot allocate resource for EISA slot 6 [ 0.884947] Cannot allocate resource for EISA slot 7 [ 0.884950] Cannot allocate resource for EISA slot 8 [ 0.884954] EISA: Detected 0 cards. [ 0.884969] cpufreq-nforce2: No nForce2 chipset. [ 0.884973] cpuidle: using governor ladder [ 0.884976] cpuidle: using governor menu [ 0.884980] EFI Variables Facility v0.08 2004-May-17 [ 0.885476] TCP cubic registered [ 0.885708] NET: Registered protocol family 10 [ 0.886771] NET: Registered protocol family 17 [ 0.886799] Registering the dns_resolver key type [ 0.886837] Using IPI No-Shortcut mode [ 0.887028] PM: Hibernation image not present or could not be loaded. [ 0.887047] registered taskstats version 1 [ 0.902579] Magic number: 12:339:388 [ 0.902592] usb usb6: hash matches [ 0.902687] rtc_cmos 00:03: setting system clock to 2012-05-11 16:23:41 UTC (1336753421) [ 0.903185] BIOS EDD facility v0.16 2004-Jun-25, 0 devices found [ 0.903189] EDD information not available. [ 1.170710] ata3: SATA link down (SStatus 0 SControl 300) [ 1.181439] ata4: SATA link down (SStatus 0 SControl 300) [ 1.288020] Refined TSC clocksource calibration: 2499.999 MHz. [ 1.288028] Switching to clocksource tsc [ 1.292016] usb 1-5: new high-speed USB device number 3 using ehci_hcd [ 1.486745] ata2.00: SATA link down (SStatus 0 SControl 300) [ 1.486762] ata2.01: SATA link down (SStatus 0 SControl 300) [ 1.640115] ata1.00: SATA link up 1.5 Gbps (SStatus 113 SControl 300) [ 1.640130] ata1.01: SATA link down (SStatus 0 SControl 300) [ 1.648342] ata1.00: ATA-7: Maxtor 7Y250M0, YAR511W0, max UDMA/133 [ 1.648348] ata1.00: 490234752 sectors, multi 0: LBA48 [ 1.664325] ata1.00: configured for UDMA/133 [ 1.664531] scsi 0:0:0:0: Direct-Access ATA Maxtor 7Y250M0 YAR5 PQ: 0 ANSI: 5 [ 1.664745] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] 490234752 512-byte logical blocks: (251 GB/233 GiB) [ 1.664809] sd 0:0:0:0: Attached scsi generic sg0 type 0 [ 1.664838] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Write Protect is off [ 1.664843] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Mode Sense: 00 3a 00 00 [ 1.664884] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Write cache: enabled, read cache: enabled, doesn't support DPO or FUA [ 1.691699] sda: sda1 sda2 sda3 sda4 [ 1.692348] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Attached SCSI disk [ 1.692461] Freeing unused kernel memory: 740k freed [ 1.692820] Write protecting the kernel text: 5828k [ 1.692851] Write protecting the kernel read-only data: 2376k [ 1.692854] NX-protecting the kernel data: 4412k [ 1.723980] udevd[92]: starting version 175 [ 1.865339] Floppy drive(s): fd0 is 1.44M [ 1.865429] pata_jmicron 0000:03:00.0: PCI INT A -> GSI 16 (level, low) -> IRQ 16 [ 1.865478] pata_jmicron 0000:03:00.0: setting latency timer to 64 [ 1.867875] sky2: driver version 1.30 [ 1.867926] sky2 0000:04:00.0: PCI INT A -> GSI 17 (level, low) -> IRQ 17 [ 1.867942] sky2 0000:04:00.0: setting latency timer to 64 [ 1.867979] sky2 0000:04:00.0: Yukon-2 EC chip revision 2 [ 1.868111] sky2 0000:04:00.0: irq 44 for MSI/MSI-X [ 1.868174] scsi4 : pata_jmicron [ 1.869802] sky2 0000:04:00.0: eth0: addr 00:01:29:a4:16:0a [ 1.869828] scsi5 : pata_jmicron [ 1.869943] ata5: PATA max UDMA/100 cmd 0xdf00 ctl 0xde00 bmdma 0xdb00 irq 16 [ 1.869949] ata6: PATA max UDMA/100 cmd 0xdd00 ctl 0xdc00 bmdma 0xdb08 irq 16 [ 1.880053] usb 4-1: new full-speed USB device number 2 using uhci_hcd [ 1.884052] FDC 0 is a post-1991 82077 [ 2.032611] ata5.00: ATAPI: _NEC DVD+/-RW ND-3450A, 103C, max UDMA/33 [ 2.048585] ata5.00: configured for UDMA/33 [ 2.049777] scsi 4:0:0:0: CD-ROM _NEC DVD+-RW ND-3450A 103C PQ: 0 ANSI: 5 [ 2.051048] sr0: scsi3-mmc drive: 48x/48x writer cd/rw xa/form2 cdda tray [ 2.051054] cdrom: Uniform CD-ROM driver Revision: 3.20 [ 2.051283] sr 4:0:0:0: Attached scsi CD-ROM sr0 [ 2.051483] sr 4:0:0:0: Attached scsi generic sg1 type 5 [ 2.079838] usbcore: registered new interface driver usbhid [ 2.079844] usbhid: USB HID core driver [ 2.236660] EXT4-fs (sda1): mounted filesystem with ordered data mode. Opts: (null) [ 12.150230] ADDRCONF(NETDEV_UP): eth0: link is not ready [ 12.177342] udevd[333]: starting version 175 [ 12.195524] Adding 417684k swap on /dev/sda2. Priority:-1 extents:1 across:417684k [ 12.278032] lp: driver loaded but no devices found [ 12.516456] logitech-djreceiver 0003:046D:C52B.0003: hiddev0,hidraw0: USB HID v1.11 Device [Logitech USB Receiver] on usb-0000:00:1a.1-1/input2 [ 12.520297] input: Logitech Unifying Device. Wireless PID:1024 as /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1a.1/usb4/4-1/4-1:1.2/0003:046D:C52B.0003/input/input2 [ 12.520753] logitech-djdevice 0003:046D:C52B.0004: input,hidraw1: USB HID v1.11 Mouse [Logitech Unifying Device. Wireless PID:1024] on usb-0000:00:1a.1-1:1 [ 12.523286] input: Logitech Unifying Device. Wireless PID:2011 as /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1a.1/usb4/4-1/4-1:1.2/0003:046D:C52B.0003/input/input3 [ 12.524439] logitech-djdevice 0003:046D:C52B.0005: input,hidraw2: USB HID v1.11 Keyboard [Logitech Unifying Device. Wireless PID:2011] on usb-0000:00:1a.1-1:2 [ 12.545746] type=1400 audit(1336771433.137:2): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_load" name="/sbin/dhclient" pid=502 comm="apparmor_parser" [ 12.546574] type=1400 audit(1336771433.137:3): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_load" name="/usr/lib/NetworkManager/nm-dhcp-client.action" pid=502 comm="apparmor_parser" [ 12.547034] type=1400 audit(1336771433.137:4): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_load" name="/usr/lib/connman/scripts/dhclient-script" pid=502 comm="apparmor_parser" [ 12.626869] Linux video capture interface: v2.00 [ 12.649104] uvcvideo: Found UVC 1.00 device <unnamed> (046d:081a) [ 12.668665] input: UVC Camera (046d:081a) as /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1a.7/usb1/1-5/1-5:1.0/input/input4 [ 12.668909] usbcore: registered new interface driver uvcvideo [ 12.668914] USB Video Class driver (1.1.1) [ 12.697645] snd_hda_intel 0000:00:1b.0: PCI INT A -> GSI 22 (level, low) -> IRQ 22 [ 12.697721] snd_hda_intel 0000:00:1b.0: irq 45 for MSI/MSI-X [ 12.697760] snd_hda_intel 0000:00:1b.0: setting latency timer to 64 [ 12.706772] nvidia: module license 'NVIDIA' taints kernel. [ 12.706778] Disabling lock debugging due to kernel taint [ 12.735428] EXT4-fs (sda1): re-mounted. Opts: errors=remount-ro [ 13.350252] nvidia 0000:01:00.0: PCI INT A -> GSI 16 (level, low) -> IRQ 16 [ 13.350267] nvidia 0000:01:00.0: setting latency timer to 64 [ 13.350275] vgaarb: device changed decodes: PCI:0000:01:00.0,olddecodes=io+mem,decodes=none:owns=io+mem [ 13.351464] NVRM: loading NVIDIA UNIX x86 Kernel Module 295.40 Thu Apr 5 21:28:09 PDT 2012 [ 13.356785] hda_codec: ALC889A: BIOS auto-probing. [ 13.357267] init: failsafe main process (658) killed by TERM signal [ 13.372756] input: HDA Intel Line as /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1b.0/sound/card0/input5 [ 13.373173] input: HDA Intel Front Mic as /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1b.0/sound/card0/input6 [ 13.373568] input: HDA Intel Rear Mic as /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1b.0/sound/card0/input7 [ 13.373954] input: HDA Intel Front Headphone as /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1b.0/sound/card0/input8 [ 13.374339] input: HDA Intel Line-Out Side as /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1b.0/sound/card0/input9 [ 13.374715] input: HDA Intel Line-Out CLFE as /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1b.0/sound/card0/input10 [ 13.375109] input: HDA Intel Line-Out Surround as /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1b.0/sound/card0/input11 [ 13.375724] input: HDA Intel Line-Out Front as /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1b.0/sound/card0/input12 [ 13.475252] type=1400 audit(1336771434.065:5): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_replace" name="/sbin/dhclient" pid=735 comm="apparmor_parser" [ 13.477026] type=1400 audit(1336771434.069:6): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_replace" name="/usr/lib/NetworkManager/nm-dhcp-client.action" pid=735 comm="apparmor_parser" [ 13.477695] type=1400 audit(1336771434.069:7): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_replace" name="/usr/lib/connman/scripts/dhclient-script" pid=735 comm="apparmor_parser" [ 13.479048] type=1400 audit(1336771434.069:8): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_load" name="/usr/lib/lightdm/lightdm/lightdm-guest-session-wrapper" pid=734 comm="apparmor_parser" [ 13.488994] type=1400 audit(1336771434.081:9): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_load" name="/usr/lib/telepathy/mission-control-5" pid=738 comm="apparmor_parser" [ 13.489972] type=1400 audit(1336771434.081:10): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_load" name="/usr/lib/telepathy/telepathy-*" pid=738 comm="apparmor_parser" [ 13.

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• Oracle Solaris: Zones on Shared Storage

  - by Jeff Victor

  Oracle Solaris 11.1 has several new features. At oracle.com you can find a detailed list. One of the significant new features, and the most significant new feature releated to Oracle Solaris Zones, is casually called "Zones on Shared Storage" or simply ZOSS (rhymes with "moss"). ZOSS offers much more flexibility because you can store Solaris Zones on shared storage (surprise!) so that you can perform quick and easy migration of a zone from one system to another. This blog entry describes and demonstrates the use of ZOSS. ZOSS provides complete support for a Solaris Zone that is stored on "shared storage." In this case, "shared storage" refers to fiber channel (FC) or iSCSI devices, although there is one lone exception that I will demonstrate soon. The primary intent is to enable you to store a zone on FC or iSCSI storage so that it can be migrated from one host computer to another much more easily and safely than in the past. With this blog entry, I wanted to make it easy for you to try this yourself. I couldn't assume that you have a SAN available - which is a good thing, because neither do I! What could I use, instead? [There he goes, foreshadowing again... -Ed.] Developing this entry reinforced the lesson that the solution to every lab problem is VirtualBox. Oracle VM VirtualBox (its formal name) helps here in a couple of important ways. It offers the ability to easily install multiple copies of Solaris as guests on top of any popular system (Microsoft Windows, MacOS, Solaris, Oracle Linux (and other Linuxes) etc.). It also offers the ability to create a separate virtual disk drive (VDI) that appears as a local hard disk to a guest. This virtual disk can be moved very easily from one guest to another. In other words, you can follow the steps below on a laptop or larger x86 system. Please note that the ability to use ZOSS to store a zone on a local disk is very useful for a lab environment, but not so useful for production. I do not suggest regularly moving disk drives among computers. In the method I describe below, that virtual hard disk will contain the zone that will be migrated among the (virtual) hosts. In production, you would use FC or iSCSI LUNs instead. The zonecfg(1M) man page details the syntax for each of the three types of devices. Why Migrate? Why is the migration of virtual servers important? Some of the most common reasons are: Moving a workload to a different computer so that the original computer can be turned off for extensive maintenance. Moving a workload to a larger system because the workload has outgrown its original system. If the workload runs in an environment (such as a Solaris Zone) that is stored on shared storage, you can restore the service of the workload on an alternate computer if the original computer has failed and will not reboot. You can simplify lifecycle management of a workload by developing it on a laptop, migrating it to a test platform when it's ready, and finally moving it to a production system. Concepts For ZOSS, the important new concept is named "rootzpool". You can read about it in the zonecfg(1M) man page, but here's the short version: it's the backing store (hard disk(s), or LUN(s)) that will be used to make a ZFS zpool - the zpool that will hold the zone. This zpool: contains the zone's Solaris content, i.e. the root file system does not contain any content not related to the zone can only be mounted by one Solaris instance at a time Method Overview Here is a brief list of the steps to create a zone on shared storage and migrate it. The next section shows the commands and output. You will need a host system with an x86 CPU (hopefully at least a couple of CPU cores), at least 2GB of RAM, and at least 25GB of free disk space. (The steps below will not actually use 25GB of disk space, but I don't want to lead you down a path that ends in a big sign that says "Your HDD is full. Good luck!") Configure the zone on both systems, specifying the rootzpool that both will use. The best way is to configure it on one system and then copy the output of "zonecfg export" to the other system to be used as input to zonecfg. This method reduces the chances of pilot error. (It is not necessary to configure the zone on both systems before creating it. You can configure this zone in multiple places, whenever you want, and migrate it to one of those places at any time - as long as those systems all have access to the shared storage.) Install the zone on one system, onto shared storage. Boot the zone. Provide system configuration information to the zone. (In the Real World(tm) you will usually automate this step.) Shutdown the zone. Detach the zone from the original system. Attach the zone to its new "home" system. Boot the zone. The zone can be used normally, and even migrated back, or to a different system. Details The rest of this shows the commands and output. The two hostnames are "sysA" and "sysB". Note that each Solaris guest might use a different device name for the VDI that they share. I used the device names shown below, but you must discover the device name(s) after booting each guest. In a production environment you would also discover the device name first and then configure the zone with that name. Fortunately, you can use the command "zpool import" or "format" to discover the device on the "new" host for the zone. The first steps create the VirtualBox guests and the shared disk drive. I describe the steps here without demonstrating them. Download VirtualBox and install it using a method normal for your host OS. You can read the complete instructions. Create two VirtualBox guests, each to run Solaris 11.1. Each will use its own VDI as its root disk. Install Solaris 11.1 in each guest.Install Solaris 11.1 in each guest. To install a Solaris 11.1 guest, you can either download a pre-built VirtualBox guest, and import it, or install Solaris 11.1 from the "text install" media. If you use the latter method, after booting you will not see a windowing system. To install the GUI and other important things, login and run "pkg install solaris-desktop" and take a break while it installs those important things. Life is usually easier if you install the VirtualBox Guest Additions because then you can copy and paste between the host and guests, etc. You can find the guest additions in the folder matching the version of VirtualBox you are using. You can also read the instructions for installing the guest additions. To create the zone's shared VDI in VirtualBox, you can open the storage configuration for one of the two guests, select the SATA controller, and click on the "Add Hard Disk" icon nearby. Choose "Create New Disk" and specify an appropriate path name for the file that will contain the VDI. The shared VDI must be at least 1.5 GB. Note that the guest must be stopped to do this. Add that VDI to the other guest - using its Storage configuration - so that each can access it while running. The steps start out the same, except that you choose "Choose Existing Disk" instead of "Create New Disk." Because the disk is configured on both of them, VirtualBox prevents you from running both guests at the same time. Identify device names of that VDI, in each of the guests. Solaris chooses the name based on existing devices. The names may be the same, or may be different from each other. This step is shown below as "Step 1." Assumptions In the example shown below, I make these assumptions. The guest that will own the zone at the beginning is named sysA. The guest that will own the zone after the first migration is named sysB. On sysA, the shared disk is named /dev/dsk/c7t2d0 On sysB, the shared disk is named /dev/dsk/c7t3d0 (Finally!) The Steps Step 1) Determine the name of the disk that will move back and forth between the systems. root@sysA:~# format Searching for disks...done AVAILABLE DISK SELECTIONS: 0. c7t0d0 /pci@0,0/pci8086,2829@d/disk@0,0 1. c7t2d0 /pci@0,0/pci8086,2829@d/disk@2,0 Specify disk (enter its number): ^D Step 2) The first thing to do is partition and label the disk. The magic needed to write an EFI label is not overly complicated. root@sysA:~# format -e c7t2d0 selecting c7t2d0 [disk formatted] FORMAT MENU: ... format fdisk No fdisk table exists. The default partition for the disk is: a 100% "SOLARIS System" partition Type "y" to accept the default partition, otherwise type "n" to edit the partition table. n SELECT ONE OF THE FOLLOWING: ... Enter Selection: 1 ... G=EFI_SYS 0=Exit? f SELECT ONE... ... 6 format label ... Specify Label type[1]: 1 Ready to label disk, continue? y format quit root@sysA:~# ls /dev/dsk/c7t2d0 /dev/dsk/c7t2d0 Step 3) Configure zone1 on sysA. root@sysA:~# zonecfg -z zone1 Use 'create' to begin configuring a new zone. zonecfg:zone1 create create: Using system default template 'SYSdefault' zonecfg:zone1 set zonename=zone1 zonecfg:zone1 set zonepath=/zones/zone1 zonecfg:zone1 add rootzpool zonecfg:zone1:rootzpool add storage dev:dsk/c7t2d0 zonecfg:zone1:rootzpool end zonecfg:zone1 exit root@sysA:~# oot@sysA:~# zonecfg -z zone1 info zonename: zone1 zonepath: /zones/zone1 brand: solaris autoboot: false bootargs: file-mac-profile: pool: limitpriv: scheduling-class: ip-type: exclusive hostid: fs-allowed: anet: ... rootzpool: storage: dev:dsk/c7t2d0 Step 4) Install the zone. This step takes the most time, but you can wander off for a snack or a few laps around the gym - or both! (Just not at the same time...) root@sysA:~# zoneadm -z zone1 install Created zone zpool: zone1_rpool Progress being logged to /var/log/zones/zoneadm.20121022T163634Z.zone1.install Image: Preparing at /zones/zone1/root. AI Manifest: /tmp/manifest.xml.RXaycg SC Profile: /usr/share/auto_install/sc_profiles/enable_sci.xml Zonename: zone1 Installation: Starting ... Creating IPS image Startup linked: 1/1 done Installing packages from: solaris origin: http://pkg.us.oracle.com/support/ DOWNLOAD PKGS FILES XFER (MB) SPEED Completed 183/183 33556/33556 222.2/222.2 2.8M/s PHASE ITEMS Installing new actions 46825/46825 Updating package state database Done Updating image state Done Creating fast lookup database Done Installation: Succeeded Note: Man pages can be obtained by installing pkg:/system/manual done. Done: Installation completed in 1696.847 seconds. Next Steps: Boot the zone, then log into the zone console (zlogin -C) to complete the configuration process. Log saved in non-global zone as /zones/zone1/root/var/log/zones/zoneadm.20121022T163634Z.zone1.install Step 5) Boot the Zone. root@sysA:~# zoneadm -z zone1 boot Step 6) Login to zone's console to complete the specification of system information. root@sysA:~# zlogin -C zone1 Answer the usual questions and wait for a login prompt. Then you can end the console session with the usual "~." incantation. Step 7) Shutdown the zone so it can be "moved." root@sysA:~# zoneadm -z zone1 shutdown Step 8) Detach the zone so that the original global zone can't use it. root@sysA:~# zoneadm list -cv ID NAME STATUS PATH BRAND IP 0 global running / solaris shared - zone1 installed /zones/zone1 solaris excl root@sysA:~# zpool list NAME SIZE ALLOC FREE CAP DEDUP HEALTH ALTROOT rpool 17.6G 11.2G 6.47G 63% 1.00x ONLINE - zone1_rpool 1.98G 484M 1.51G 23% 1.00x ONLINE - root@sysA:~# zoneadm -z zone1 detach Exported zone zpool: zone1_rpool Step 9) Review the result and shutdown sysA so that sysB can use the shared disk. root@sysA:~# zpool list NAME SIZE ALLOC FREE CAP DEDUP HEALTH ALTROOT rpool 17.6G 11.2G 6.47G 63% 1.00x ONLINE - root@sysA:~# zoneadm list -cv ID NAME STATUS PATH BRAND IP 0 global running / solaris shared - zone1 configured /zones/zone1 solaris excl root@sysA:~# init 0 Step 10) Now boot sysB and configure a zone with the parameters shown above in Step 1. (Again, the safest method is to use "zonecfg ... export" on sysA as described in section "Method Overview" above.) The one difference is the name of the rootzpool storage device, which was shown in the list of assumptions, and which you must determine by booting sysB and using the "format" or "zpool import" command. When that is done, you should see the output shown next. (I used the same zonename - "zone1" - in this example, but you can choose any valid zonename you want.) root@sysB:~# zoneadm list -cv ID NAME STATUS PATH BRAND IP 0 global running / solaris shared - zone1 configured /zones/zone1 solaris excl root@sysB:~# zonecfg -z zone1 info zonename: zone1 zonepath: /zones/zone1 brand: solaris autoboot: false bootargs: file-mac-profile: pool: limitpriv: scheduling-class: ip-type: exclusive hostid: fs-allowed: anet: linkname: net0 ... rootzpool: storage: dev:dsk/c7t3d0 Step 11) Attaching the zone automatically imports the zpool. root@sysB:~# zoneadm -z zone1 attach Imported zone zpool: zone1_rpool Progress being logged to /var/log/zones/zoneadm.20121022T184034Z.zone1.attach Installing: Using existing zone boot environment Zone BE root dataset: zone1_rpool/rpool/ROOT/solaris Cache: Using /var/pkg/publisher. Updating non-global zone: Linking to image /. Processing linked: 1/1 done Updating non-global zone: Auditing packages. No updates necessary for this image. Updating non-global zone: Zone updated. Result: Attach Succeeded. Log saved in non-global zone as /zones/zone1/root/var/log/zones/zoneadm.20121022T184034Z.zone1.attach root@sysB:~# zoneadm -z zone1 boot root@sysB:~# zlogin zone1 [Connected to zone 'zone1' pts/2] Oracle Corporation SunOS 5.11 11.1 September 2012 Step 12) Now let's migrate the zone back to sysA. Create a file in zone1 so we can verify it exists after we migrate the zone back, then begin migrating it back. root@zone1:~# ls /opt root@zone1:~# touch /opt/fileA root@zone1:~# ls -l /opt/fileA -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Oct 22 14:47 /opt/fileA root@zone1:~# exit logout [Connection to zone 'zone1' pts/2 closed] root@sysB:~# zoneadm -z zone1 shutdown root@sysB:~# zoneadm -z zone1 detach Exported zone zpool: zone1_rpool root@sysB:~# init 0 Step 13) Back on sysA, check the status. Oracle Corporation SunOS 5.11 11.1 September 2012 root@sysA:~# zoneadm list -cv ID NAME STATUS PATH BRAND IP 0 global running / solaris shared - zone1 configured /zones/zone1 solaris excl root@sysA:~# zpool list NAME SIZE ALLOC FREE CAP DEDUP HEALTH ALTROOT rpool 17.6G 11.2G 6.47G 63% 1.00x ONLINE - Step 14) Re-attach the zone back to sysA. root@sysA:~# zoneadm -z zone1 attach Imported zone zpool: zone1_rpool Progress being logged to /var/log/zones/zoneadm.20121022T190441Z.zone1.attach Installing: Using existing zone boot environment Zone BE root dataset: zone1_rpool/rpool/ROOT/solaris Cache: Using /var/pkg/publisher. Updating non-global zone: Linking to image /. Processing linked: 1/1 done Updating non-global zone: Auditing packages. No updates necessary for this image. Updating non-global zone: Zone updated. Result: Attach Succeeded. Log saved in non-global zone as /zones/zone1/root/var/log/zones/zoneadm.20121022T190441Z.zone1.attach root@sysA:~# zpool list NAME SIZE ALLOC FREE CAP DEDUP HEALTH ALTROOT rpool 17.6G 11.2G 6.47G 63% 1.00x ONLINE - zone1_rpool 1.98G 491M 1.51G 24% 1.00x ONLINE - root@sysA:~# zoneadm -z zone1 boot root@sysA:~# zlogin zone1 [Connected to zone 'zone1' pts/2] Oracle Corporation SunOS 5.11 11.1 September 2012 root@zone1:~# zpool list NAME SIZE ALLOC FREE CAP DEDUP HEALTH ALTROOT rpool 1.98G 538M 1.46G 26% 1.00x ONLINE - Step 15) Check for the file created on sysB, earlier. root@zone1:~# ls -l /opt total 1 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Oct 22 14:47 fileA Next Steps Here is a brief list of some of the fun things you can try next. Add space to the zone by adding a second storage device to the rootzpool. Make sure that you add it to the configurations of both zones! Create a new zone, specifying two disks in the rootzpool when you first configure the zone. When you install that zone, or clone it from another zone, zoneadm uses those two disks to create a mirrored pool. (Three disks will result in a three-way mirror, etc.) Conclusion Hopefully you have seen the ease with which you can now move Solaris Zones from one system to another.

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• AI for a mixed Turn Based + Real Time battle system - Something "Gambit like" the right approach?

  - by Jason L.

  This is maybe a question that's been asked 100 times 1,000 different ways. I apologize for that :) I'm in the process of building the AI for a game I'm working on. The game is a turn based one, in the vein of Final Fantasy but also has a set of things that happen in real time (reactions). I've experimented with FSM, HFSMs, and Behavior Trees. None of them felt "right" to me and all felt either too limiting or too generic / big. The idea I'm toying with now is something like a "Rules engine" that could be likened to the Gambit system from Final Fantasy 12. I would have a set of predefined personalities. Each of these personalities would have a set of conditions it would check on each event (Turn start, time to react, etc). These conditions would be priority ordered, and the first one that returns true would be the action I take. These conditions can also point to a "choice" action, which is just an action that will make a choice based on some Utility function. Sort of a mix of FSM/HFSM and a Utility Function approach. So, a "gambit" with the personality of "Healer" may look something like this: (ON) Ally HP = 0% - Choose "Relife" spell (ON) Ally HP < 50% - Choose Heal spell (ON) Self HP < 65% - Choose Heal spell (ON) Ally Debuff - Choose Debuff Removal spell (ON) Ally Lost Buff - Choose Buff spell Likewise, a "gambit" with the personality of "Agressor" may look like this: (ON) Foe HP < 10% - Choose Attack skill (ON) Foe any - Choose target - Choose Attack skill (ON) Self Lost Buff - Choose Buff spell (ON) Foe HP = 0% - Taunt the player What I like about this approach is it makes sense in my head. It also would be extremely easy to build an "AI Editor" with an approach like this. What I'm worried about is.. would it be too limiting? Would it maybe get too complicated? Does anyone have any experience with AIs in Turn Based games that could maybe provide me some insight into this approach.. or suggest a different approach? Many thanks in advance!!!

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• Adding SQL Cache Dependencies to the Loosely coupled .NET Cache Provider

  - by Rhames

  This post adds SQL Cache Dependency support to the loosely coupled .NET Cache Provider that I described in the previous post (http://geekswithblogs.net/Rhames/archive/2012/09/11/loosely-coupled-.net-cache-provider-using-dependency-injection.aspx). The sample code is available on github at https://github.com/RobinHames/CacheProvider.git. Each time we want to apply a cache dependency to a call to fetch or cache a data item we need to supply an instance of the relevant dependency implementation. This suggests an Abstract Factory will be useful to create cache dependencies as needed. We can then use Dependency Injection to inject the factory into the relevant consumer. Castle Windsor provides a typed factory facility that will be utilised to implement the cache dependency abstract factory (see http://docs.castleproject.org/Windsor.Typed-Factory-Facility-interface-based-factories.ashx). Cache Dependency Interfaces First I created a set of cache dependency interfaces in the domain layer, which can be used to pass a cache dependency into the cache provider. ICacheDependency The ICacheDependency interface is simply an empty interface that is used as a parent for the specific cache dependency interfaces. This will allow us to place a generic constraint on the Cache Dependency Factory, and will give us a type that can be passed into the relevant Cache Provider methods. namespace CacheDiSample.Domain.CacheInterfaces { public interface ICacheDependency { } }   ISqlCacheDependency.cs The ISqlCacheDependency interface provides specific SQL caching details, such as a Sql Command or a database connection and table. It is the concrete implementation of this interface that will be created by the factory in passed into the Cache Provider. using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Text;   namespace CacheDiSample.Domain.CacheInterfaces { public interface ISqlCacheDependency : ICacheDependency { ISqlCacheDependency Initialise(string databaseConnectionName, string tableName); ISqlCacheDependency Initialise(System.Data.SqlClient.SqlCommand sqlCommand); } } If we want other types of cache dependencies, such as by key or file, interfaces may be created to support these (the sample code includes an IKeyCacheDependency interface). Modifying ICacheProvider to accept Cache Dependencies Next I modified the exisitng ICacheProvider<T> interface so that cache dependencies may be passed into a Fetch method call. I did this by adding two overloads to the existing Fetch methods, which take an IEnumerable<ICacheDependency> parameter (the IEnumerable allows more than one cache dependency to be included). I also added a method to create cache dependencies. This means that the implementation of the Cache Provider will require a dependency on the Cache Dependency Factory. It is pretty much down to personal choice as to whether this approach is taken, or whether the Cache Dependency Factory is injected directly into the repository or other consumer of Cache Provider. I think, because the cache dependency cannot be used without the Cache Provider, placing the dependency on the factory into the Cache Provider implementation is cleaner. ICacheProvider.cs using System; using System.Collections.Generic;   namespace CacheDiSample.Domain.CacheInterfaces { public interface ICacheProvider<T> { T Fetch(string key, Func<T> retrieveData, DateTime? absoluteExpiry, TimeSpan? relativeExpiry); T Fetch(string key, Func<T> retrieveData, DateTime? absoluteExpiry, TimeSpan? relativeExpiry, IEnumerable<ICacheDependency> cacheDependencies);   IEnumerable<T> Fetch(string key, Func<IEnumerable<T>> retrieveData, DateTime? absoluteExpiry, TimeSpan? relativeExpiry); IEnumerable<T> Fetch(string key, Func<IEnumerable<T>> retrieveData, DateTime? absoluteExpiry, TimeSpan? relativeExpiry, IEnumerable<ICacheDependency> cacheDependencies);   U CreateCacheDependency<U>() where U : ICacheDependency; } }   Cache Dependency Factory Next I created the interface for the Cache Dependency Factory in the domain layer. ICacheDependencyFactory.cs namespace CacheDiSample.Domain.CacheInterfaces { public interface ICacheDependencyFactory { T Create<T>() where T : ICacheDependency;   void Release<T>(T cacheDependency) where T : ICacheDependency; } }   I used the ICacheDependency parent interface as a generic constraint on the create and release methods in the factory interface. Now the interfaces are in place, I moved on to the concrete implementations. ISqlCacheDependency Concrete Implementation The concrete implementation of ISqlCacheDependency will need to provide an instance of System.Web.Caching.SqlCacheDependency to the Cache Provider implementation. Unfortunately this class is sealed, so I cannot simply inherit from this. Instead, I created an interface called IAspNetCacheDependency that will provide a Create method to create an instance of the relevant System.Web.Caching Cache Dependency type. This interface is specific to the ASP.NET implementation of the Cache Provider, so it should be defined in the same layer as the concrete implementation of the Cache Provider (the MVC UI layer in the sample code). IAspNetCacheDependency.cs using System.Web.Caching;   namespace CacheDiSample.CacheProviders { public interface IAspNetCacheDependency { CacheDependency CreateAspNetCacheDependency(); } }   Next, I created the concrete implementation of the ISqlCacheDependency interface. This class also implements the IAspNetCacheDependency interface. This concrete implementation also is defined in the same layer as the Cache Provider implementation. AspNetSqlCacheDependency.cs using System.Web.Caching; using CacheDiSample.Domain.CacheInterfaces;   namespace CacheDiSample.CacheProviders { public class AspNetSqlCacheDependency : ISqlCacheDependency, IAspNetCacheDependency { private string databaseConnectionName;   private string tableName;   private System.Data.SqlClient.SqlCommand sqlCommand;   #region ISqlCacheDependency Members   public ISqlCacheDependency Initialise(string databaseConnectionName, string tableName) { this.databaseConnectionName = databaseConnectionName; this.tableName = tableName; return this; }   public ISqlCacheDependency Initialise(System.Data.SqlClient.SqlCommand sqlCommand) { this.sqlCommand = sqlCommand; return this; }   #endregion   #region IAspNetCacheDependency Members   public System.Web.Caching.CacheDependency CreateAspNetCacheDependency() { if (sqlCommand != null) return new SqlCacheDependency(sqlCommand); else return new SqlCacheDependency(databaseConnectionName, tableName); }   #endregion   } }   ICacheProvider Concrete Implementation The ICacheProvider interface is implemented by the CacheProvider class. This implementation is modified to include the changes to the ICacheProvider interface. First I needed to inject the Cache Dependency Factory into the Cache Provider: private ICacheDependencyFactory cacheDependencyFactory;   public CacheProvider(ICacheDependencyFactory cacheDependencyFactory) { if (cacheDependencyFactory == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("cacheDependencyFactory");   this.cacheDependencyFactory = cacheDependencyFactory; }   Next I implemented the CreateCacheDependency method, which simply passes on the create request to the factory: public U CreateCacheDependency<U>() where U : ICacheDependency { return this.cacheDependencyFactory.Create<U>(); }   The signature of the FetchAndCache helper method was modified to take an additional IEnumerable<ICacheDependency> parameter:   private U FetchAndCache<U>(string key, Func<U> retrieveData, DateTime? absoluteExpiry, TimeSpan? relativeExpiry, IEnumerable<ICacheDependency> cacheDependencies) and the following code added to create the relevant System.Web.Caching.CacheDependency object for any dependencies and pass them to the HttpContext Cache: CacheDependency aspNetCacheDependencies = null;   if (cacheDependencies != null) { if (cacheDependencies.Count() == 1) // We know that the implementations of ICacheDependency will also implement IAspNetCacheDependency // so we can use a cast here and call the CreateAspNetCacheDependency() method aspNetCacheDependencies = ((IAspNetCacheDependency)cacheDependencies.ElementAt(0)).CreateAspNetCacheDependency(); else if (cacheDependencies.Count() > 1) { AggregateCacheDependency aggregateCacheDependency = new AggregateCacheDependency(); foreach (ICacheDependency cacheDependency in cacheDependencies) { // We know that the implementations of ICacheDependency will also implement IAspNetCacheDependency // so we can use a cast here and call the CreateAspNetCacheDependency() method aggregateCacheDependency.Add(((IAspNetCacheDependency)cacheDependency).CreateAspNetCacheDependency()); } aspNetCacheDependencies = aggregateCacheDependency; } }   HttpContext.Current.Cache.Insert(key, value, aspNetCacheDependencies, absoluteExpiry.Value, relativeExpiry.Value);   The full code listing for the modified CacheProvider class is shown below: using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Web; using System.Web.Caching; using CacheDiSample.Domain.CacheInterfaces;   namespace CacheDiSample.CacheProviders { public class CacheProvider<T> : ICacheProvider<T> { private ICacheDependencyFactory cacheDependencyFactory;   public CacheProvider(ICacheDependencyFactory cacheDependencyFactory) { if (cacheDependencyFactory == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("cacheDependencyFactory");   this.cacheDependencyFactory = cacheDependencyFactory; }   public T Fetch(string key, Func<T> retrieveData, DateTime? absoluteExpiry, TimeSpan? relativeExpiry) { return FetchAndCache<T>(key, retrieveData, absoluteExpiry, relativeExpiry, null); }   public T Fetch(string key, Func<T> retrieveData, DateTime? absoluteExpiry, TimeSpan? relativeExpiry, IEnumerable<ICacheDependency> cacheDependencies) { return FetchAndCache<T>(key, retrieveData, absoluteExpiry, relativeExpiry, cacheDependencies); }   public IEnumerable<T> Fetch(string key, Func<IEnumerable<T>> retrieveData, DateTime? absoluteExpiry, TimeSpan? relativeExpiry) { return FetchAndCache<IEnumerable<T>>(key, retrieveData, absoluteExpiry, relativeExpiry, null); }   public IEnumerable<T> Fetch(string key, Func<IEnumerable<T>> retrieveData, DateTime? absoluteExpiry, TimeSpan? relativeExpiry, IEnumerable<ICacheDependency> cacheDependencies) { return FetchAndCache<IEnumerable<T>>(key, retrieveData, absoluteExpiry, relativeExpiry, cacheDependencies); }   public U CreateCacheDependency<U>() where U : ICacheDependency { return this.cacheDependencyFactory.Create<U>(); }   #region Helper Methods   private U FetchAndCache<U>(string key, Func<U> retrieveData, DateTime? absoluteExpiry, TimeSpan? relativeExpiry, IEnumerable<ICacheDependency> cacheDependencies) { U value; if (!TryGetValue<U>(key, out value)) { value = retrieveData(); if (!absoluteExpiry.HasValue) absoluteExpiry = Cache.NoAbsoluteExpiration;   if (!relativeExpiry.HasValue) relativeExpiry = Cache.NoSlidingExpiration;   CacheDependency aspNetCacheDependencies = null;   if (cacheDependencies != null) { if (cacheDependencies.Count() == 1) // We know that the implementations of ICacheDependency will also implement IAspNetCacheDependency // so we can use a cast here and call the CreateAspNetCacheDependency() method aspNetCacheDependencies = ((IAspNetCacheDependency)cacheDependencies.ElementAt(0)).CreateAspNetCacheDependency(); else if (cacheDependencies.Count() > 1) { AggregateCacheDependency aggregateCacheDependency = new AggregateCacheDependency(); foreach (ICacheDependency cacheDependency in cacheDependencies) { // We know that the implementations of ICacheDependency will also implement IAspNetCacheDependency // so we can use a cast here and call the CreateAspNetCacheDependency() method aggregateCacheDependency.Add( ((IAspNetCacheDependency)cacheDependency).CreateAspNetCacheDependency()); } aspNetCacheDependencies = aggregateCacheDependency; } }   HttpContext.Current.Cache.Insert(key, value, aspNetCacheDependencies, absoluteExpiry.Value, relativeExpiry.Value);   } return value; }   private bool TryGetValue<U>(string key, out U value) { object cachedValue = HttpContext.Current.Cache.Get(key); if (cachedValue == null) { value = default(U); return false; } else { try { value = (U)cachedValue; return true; } catch { value = default(U); return false; } } }   #endregion } }   Wiring up the DI Container Now the implementations for the Cache Dependency are in place, I wired them up in the existing Windsor CacheInstaller. First I needed to register the implementation of the ISqlCacheDependency interface: container.Register( Component.For<ISqlCacheDependency>() .ImplementedBy<AspNetSqlCacheDependency>() .LifestyleTransient());   Next I registered the Cache Dependency Factory. Notice that I have not implemented the ICacheDependencyFactory interface. Castle Windsor will do this for me by using the Type Factory Facility. I do need to bring the Castle.Facilities.TypedFacility namespace into scope: using Castle.Facilities.TypedFactory;   Then I registered the factory: container.AddFacility<TypedFactoryFacility>();   container.Register( Component.For<ICacheDependencyFactory>() .AsFactory()); The full code for the CacheInstaller class is: using Castle.MicroKernel.Registration; using Castle.MicroKernel.SubSystems.Configuration; using Castle.Windsor; using Castle.Facilities.TypedFactory;   using CacheDiSample.Domain.CacheInterfaces; using CacheDiSample.CacheProviders;   namespace CacheDiSample.WindsorInstallers { public class CacheInstaller : IWindsorInstaller { public void Install(IWindsorContainer container, IConfigurationStore store) { container.Register( Component.For(typeof(ICacheProvider<>)) .ImplementedBy(typeof(CacheProvider<>)) .LifestyleTransient());   container.Register( Component.For<ISqlCacheDependency>() .ImplementedBy<AspNetSqlCacheDependency>() .LifestyleTransient());   container.AddFacility<TypedFactoryFacility>();   container.Register( Component.For<ICacheDependencyFactory>() .AsFactory()); } } }   Configuring the ASP.NET SQL Cache Dependency There are a couple of configuration steps required to enable SQL Cache Dependency for the application and database. From the Visual Studio Command Prompt, the following commands should be used to enable the Cache Polling of the relevant database tables: aspnet_regsql -S <servername> -E -d <databasename> –ed aspnet_regsql -S <servername> -E -d CacheSample –et –t <tablename>   (The –t option should be repeated for each table that is to be made available for cache dependencies). Finally the SQL Cache Polling needs to be enabled by adding the following configuration to the <system.web> section of web.config: <caching> <sqlCacheDependency pollTime="10000" enabled="true"> <databases> <add name="BloggingContext" connectionStringName="BloggingContext"/> </databases> </sqlCacheDependency> </caching>   (obviously the name and connection string name should be altered as required). Using a SQL Cache Dependency Now all the coding is complete. To specify a SQL Cache Dependency, I can modify my BlogRepositoryWithCaching decorator class (see the earlier post) as follows: public IList<Blog> GetAll() { var sqlCacheDependency = cacheProvider.CreateCacheDependency<ISqlCacheDependency>() .Initialise("BloggingContext", "Blogs");   ICacheDependency[] cacheDependencies = new ICacheDependency[] { sqlCacheDependency };   string key = string.Format("CacheDiSample.DataAccess.GetAll");   return cacheProvider.Fetch(key, () => { return parentBlogRepository.GetAll(); }, null, null, cacheDependencies) .ToList(); }   This will add a dependency of the “Blogs” table in the database. The data will remain in the cache until the contents of this table change, then the cache item will be invalidated, and the next call to the GetAll() repository method will be routed to the parent repository to refresh the data from the database.

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• Unrated Easy iOS 6.1.4/6.1.3 Unlock/Jailbreak iPhone 5/4S/4/3GS Untehtered System

  - by user171772

  Popular jailbreak tool Unlock-Jailbreak.net – compiled by the iPhone Team – has just been updated with full support for Unlock/Jailbreak iPhone 5/4S/4/3GS iOS 6.1.4 and 6.1.3/6.0.1 Untethered. You may have caught our tutorial, which detailed how one could jailbreak their device tethered using Redsn0w, although since it was a pre-iOS 6.1.1 release, users needed to "point" the tool to the older firmware. Team Unlock-Jailbreak was established few years ago, combines some of the jailbreak and unlock community’s most talented developers all known for producing reliable jailbreaks in the past. This team was assembled in order to develop a reliable untethered jailbreak and unlock iphone 5,4S,4 iOS 6.1 for post-A5 devices, including the iPhone 5, the iPad mini and the latest-generation iPad. This has now been achieved with the just-released userland jailbreak tool, known as Unlock-Jailbreak.net. To Jailbreak and Unlock your iPhone 5/4/4S/3GS iOS 6.1.4 and 6.1.3 visit the official website http://www.Unlock-Jailbreak.net http://www.Unlock-Jailbreak.net was formed in mid 2008 and have successfully jailbroken over 250,000 iPhones worldwide. This is unparalleled by any other service in the industry. They have achieved this by combining a very simple solution with a fantastic customer service department that is available 24/7 through many forms of contact, including telephone. Unlock-Jailbreak from Unlock-Jailbreak.nethas been downloaded by over 250,000 customers located in over 145 countries. To further ensure customers of its products usability, Unlock-Jailbreak offers a 100% full money back guarantee on all orders. Customers dissatisfied with the company’s product will be given a full refund, no questions asked. One good advantage of the software is that the jailbreaking and unlocking process is coampletely reversible and there will be no evidence that the iPhone has been jailbroken and unlocked . iOS 6.1/6.1.4 and 6.1.3 comes with many new features and updates for multitasking and storage. By unlocking and jailbreaking the iPhone,Unlock/Jailbreak iPhone 5/4S/4/3GS iOS 6.1/6.1.4 and 6.1.3/6.0.1 Untethered unleash unlimited possibilities to improve this already fantastic experience and the iPhone FULL potential. Before going through any jailbreak process with Unlock-Jailbreak it is always good housekeeping to perform a full backup of all information on the device. It is unlikely that anything will go wrong during the process but when undertaking any process that modifies the internals of a file system it is always prudent to err on the side of caution.

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• "Untrusted packages could compromise your system's security." appears while trying to install anything

  - by maria

  Hi I've freshly installed Ubuntu 10.4 on a new computer. I'm trying to install on it application I need (my old computer is broken and I have to send it to the service). I've managed to install texlive and than I can't install anything else. All software I want to have is what I have succesfuly installed on my old computer (with the same version of Ubuntu), so I don't understand, why terminal says (sorry, the terminal talks half English, half Polish, but I hope it's enough): maria@marysia-ubuntu:~$ sudo aptitude install emacs Czytanie list pakietów... Gotowe Budowanie drzewa zaleznosci Odczyt informacji o stanie... Gotowe Reading extended state information Initializing package states... Gotowe The following NEW packages will be installed: emacs emacs23{a} emacs23-bin-common{a} emacs23-common{a} emacsen-common{a} 0 packages upgraded, 5 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded. Need to get 23,9MB of archives. After unpacking 73,8MB will be used. Do you want to continue? [Y/n/?] Y WARNING: untrusted versions of the following packages will be installed! Untrusted packages could compromise your system's security. You should only proceed with the installation if you are certain that this is what you want to do. emacs emacs23-bin-common emacsen-common emacs23-common emacs23 Do you want to ignore this warning and proceed anyway? To continue, enter "Yes"; to abort, enter "No" I was trying to install other editors as well, with the same result. As I decided that I might be sure that I know the package I want to install is secure, finaly I've entered "Yes". The installation ended succesfuly, but editor don't understand any .tex file (.tex files are for sure fine): this is pdfTeX, Version 3.1415926-1.40.10 (TeX Live 2009/Debian) restricted \write18 enabled. entering extended mode (./Szarfi.tex ! Undefined control sequence. l.2 \documentclass {book} ? What's more, I've realised that in Synaptic Manager there is no package which would be marked as supported by Canonical... Any tips? Thanks in advance

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• How to edit item in a listbox shown from reading a .csv file?

  - by Shuvo

  I am working in a project where my application can open a .csv file and read data from it. The .csv file contains the latitude, longitude of places. The application reads data from the file shows it in a static map and display icon on the right places. The application can open multiple file at a time and it opens with a new tab every time. But I am having trouble in couple of cases When I am trying to add a new point to the .csv file opened. I am able to write new point on the same file instead adding a new point data to the existing its replacing others and writing the new point only. I cannot use selectedIndexChange event to perform edit option on the listbox and then save the file. Any direction would be great. using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.ComponentModel; using System.Data; using System.Drawing; using System.Linq; using System.Text; using System.Windows.Forms; using System.IO; namespace CourseworkExample { public partial class Form1 : Form { public GPSDataPoint gpsdp; List<GPSDataPoint> data; List<PictureBox> pictures; List<TabPage> tabs; public static int pn = 0; private TabPage currentComponent; private Bitmap bmp1; string[] symbols = { "hospital", "university" }; Image[] symbolImages; ListBox lb = new ListBox(); string name = ""; string path = ""; public Form1() { InitializeComponent(); data = new List<GPSDataPoint>(); pictures = new List<PictureBox>(); tabs = new List<TabPage>(); symbolImages = new Image[symbols.Length]; for (int i = 0; i < 2; i++) { string location = "data/" + symbols[i] + ".png"; symbolImages[i] = Image.FromFile(location); } } private void openToolStripMenuItem_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { FileDialog ofd = new OpenFileDialog(); string filter = "CSV File (*.csv)|*.csv"; ofd.Filter = filter; DialogResult dr = ofd.ShowDialog(); if (dr.Equals(DialogResult.OK)) { int i = ofd.FileName.LastIndexOf("\\"); name = ofd.FileName; path = ofd.FileName; if (i > 0) { name = ofd.FileName.Substring(i + 1); path = ofd.FileName.Substring(0, i + 1); } TextReader input = new StreamReader(ofd.FileName); string mapName = input.ReadLine(); GPSDataPoint gpsD = new GPSDataPoint(); gpsD.setBounds(input.ReadLine()); string s; while ((s = input.ReadLine()) != null) { gpsD.addWaypoint(s); } input.Close(); TabPage tabPage = new TabPage(); tabPage.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(4, 22); tabPage.Name = "tabPage" + pn; lb.Width = 300; int selectedindex = lb.SelectedIndex; lb.Items.Add(mapName); lb.Items.Add("Bounds"); lb.Items.Add(gpsD.Bounds[0] + " " + gpsD.Bounds[1] + " " + gpsD.Bounds[2] + " " + gpsD.Bounds[3]); lb.Items.Add("Waypoint"); foreach (WayPoint wp in gpsD.DataList) { lb.Items.Add(wp.Name + " " + wp.Latitude + " " + wp.Longitude + " " + wp.Ele + " " + wp.Sym); } tabPage.Controls.Add(lb); pn++; tabPage.Padding = new System.Windows.Forms.Padding(3); tabPage.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(192, 74); tabPage.TabIndex = 0; tabPage.Text = name; tabPage.UseVisualStyleBackColor = true; tabs.Add(tabPage); tabControl1.Controls.Add(tabPage); tabPage = new TabPage(); tabPage.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(4, 22); tabPage.Name = "tabPage" + pn; pn++; tabPage.Padding = new System.Windows.Forms.Padding(3); tabPage.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(192, 74); tabPage.TabIndex = 0; tabPage.Text = mapName; string location = path + mapName; tabPage.UseVisualStyleBackColor = true; tabs.Add(tabPage); PictureBox pb = new PictureBox(); pb.Name = "pictureBox" + pn; pb.Image = Image.FromFile(location); tabControl2.Controls.Add(tabPage); pb.Width = pb.Image.Width; pb.Height = pb.Image.Height; tabPage.Controls.Add(pb); currentComponent = tabPage; tabPage.Width = pb.Width; tabPage.Height = pb.Height; pn++; tabControl2.Width = pb.Width; tabControl2.Height = pb.Height; bmp1 = (Bitmap)pb.Image; int lx, ly; float realWidth = gpsD.Bounds[1] - gpsD.Bounds[3]; float imageW = pb.Image.Width; float dx = imageW * (gpsD.Bounds[1] - gpsD.getWayPoint(0).Longitude) / realWidth; float realHeight = gpsD.Bounds[0] - gpsD.Bounds[2]; float imageH = pb.Image.Height; float dy = imageH * (gpsD.Bounds[0] - gpsD.getWayPoint(0).Latitude) / realHeight; lx = (int)dx; ly = (int)dy; using (Graphics g = Graphics.FromImage(bmp1)) { Rectangle rect = new Rectangle(lx, ly, 20, 20); if (gpsD.getWayPoint(0).Sym.Equals("")) { g.DrawRectangle(new Pen(Color.Red), rect); } else { if (gpsD.getWayPoint(0).Sym.Equals("hospital")) { g.DrawImage(symbolImages[0], rect); } else { if (gpsD.getWayPoint(0).Sym.Equals("university")) { g.DrawImage(symbolImages[1], rect); } } } } pb.Image = bmp1; pb.Invalidate(); } } private void openToolStripMenuItem_Click_1(object sender, EventArgs e) { FileDialog ofd = new OpenFileDialog(); string filter = "CSV File (*.csv)|*.csv"; ofd.Filter = filter; DialogResult dr = ofd.ShowDialog(); if (dr.Equals(DialogResult.OK)) { int i = ofd.FileName.LastIndexOf("\\"); name = ofd.FileName; path = ofd.FileName; if (i > 0) { name = ofd.FileName.Substring(i + 1); path = ofd.FileName.Substring(0, i + 1); } TextReader input = new StreamReader(ofd.FileName); string mapName = input.ReadLine(); GPSDataPoint gpsD = new GPSDataPoint(); gpsD.setBounds(input.ReadLine()); string s; while ((s = input.ReadLine()) != null) { gpsD.addWaypoint(s); } input.Close(); TabPage tabPage = new TabPage(); tabPage.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(4, 22); tabPage.Name = "tabPage" + pn; ListBox lb = new ListBox(); lb.Width = 300; lb.Items.Add(mapName); lb.Items.Add("Bounds"); lb.Items.Add(gpsD.Bounds[0] + " " + gpsD.Bounds[1] + " " + gpsD.Bounds[2] + " " + gpsD.Bounds[3]); lb.Items.Add("Waypoint"); foreach (WayPoint wp in gpsD.DataList) { lb.Items.Add(wp.Name + " " + wp.Latitude + " " + wp.Longitude + " " + wp.Ele + " " + wp.Sym); } tabPage.Controls.Add(lb); pn++; tabPage.Padding = new System.Windows.Forms.Padding(3); tabPage.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(192, 74); tabPage.TabIndex = 0; tabPage.Text = name; tabPage.UseVisualStyleBackColor = true; tabs.Add(tabPage); tabControl1.Controls.Add(tabPage); tabPage = new TabPage(); tabPage.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(4, 22); tabPage.Name = "tabPage" + pn; pn++; tabPage.Padding = new System.Windows.Forms.Padding(3); tabPage.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(192, 74); tabPage.TabIndex = 0; tabPage.Text = mapName; string location = path + mapName; tabPage.UseVisualStyleBackColor = true; tabs.Add(tabPage); PictureBox pb = new PictureBox(); pb.Name = "pictureBox" + pn; pb.Image = Image.FromFile(location); tabControl2.Controls.Add(tabPage); pb.Width = pb.Image.Width; pb.Height = pb.Image.Height; tabPage.Controls.Add(pb); currentComponent = tabPage; tabPage.Width = pb.Width; tabPage.Height = pb.Height; pn++; tabControl2.Width = pb.Width; tabControl2.Height = pb.Height; bmp1 = (Bitmap)pb.Image; int lx, ly; float realWidth = gpsD.Bounds[1] - gpsD.Bounds[3]; float imageW = pb.Image.Width; float dx = imageW * (gpsD.Bounds[1] - gpsD.getWayPoint(0).Longitude) / realWidth; float realHeight = gpsD.Bounds[0] - gpsD.Bounds[2]; float imageH = pb.Image.Height; float dy = imageH * (gpsD.Bounds[0] - gpsD.getWayPoint(0).Latitude) / realHeight; lx = (int)dx; ly = (int)dy; using (Graphics g = Graphics.FromImage(bmp1)) { Rectangle rect = new Rectangle(lx, ly, 20, 20); if (gpsD.getWayPoint(0).Sym.Equals("")) { g.DrawRectangle(new Pen(Color.Red), rect); } else { if (gpsD.getWayPoint(0).Sym.Equals("hospital")) { g.DrawImage(symbolImages[0], rect); } else { if (gpsD.getWayPoint(0).Sym.Equals("university")) { g.DrawImage(symbolImages[1], rect); } } } } pb.Image = bmp1; pb.Invalidate(); MessageBox.Show(data.ToString()); } } private void exitToolStripMenuItem_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { this.Close(); } private void addBtn_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { string wayName = nameTxtBox.Text; float wayLat = Convert.ToSingle(latTxtBox.Text); float wayLong = Convert.ToSingle(longTxtBox.Text); float wayEle = Convert.ToSingle(elevTxtBox.Text); WayPoint wp = new WayPoint(wayName, wayLat, wayLong, wayEle); GPSDataPoint gdp = new GPSDataPoint(); data = new List<GPSDataPoint>(); gdp.Add(wp); lb.Items.Add(wp.Name + " " + wp.Latitude + " " + wp.Longitude + " " + wp.Ele + " " + wp.Sym); lb.Refresh(); StreamWriter sr = new StreamWriter(name); sr.Write(lb); sr.Close(); DialogResult result = MessageBox.Show("Save in New File?","Save", MessageBoxButtons.YesNo); if (result == DialogResult.Yes) { SaveFileDialog saveDialog = new SaveFileDialog(); saveDialog.FileName = "default.csv"; DialogResult saveResult = saveDialog.ShowDialog(); if (saveResult == DialogResult.OK) { sr = new StreamWriter(saveDialog.FileName, true); sr.WriteLine(wayName + "," + wayLat + "," + wayLong + "," + wayEle); sr.Close(); } } else { // sr = new StreamWriter(name, true); // sr.WriteLine(wayName + "," + wayLat + "," + wayLong + "," + wayEle); sr.Close(); } MessageBox.Show(name + path); } } } GPSDataPoint.cs using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Text; using System.IO; namespace CourseworkExample { public class GPSDataPoint { private float[] bounds; private List<WayPoint> dataList; public GPSDataPoint() { dataList = new List<WayPoint>(); } internal void setBounds(string p) { string[] b = p.Split(','); bounds = new float[b.Length]; for (int i = 0; i < b.Length; i++) { bounds[i] = Convert.ToSingle(b[i]); } } public float[] Bounds { get { return bounds; } } internal void addWaypoint(string s) { WayPoint wp = new WayPoint(s); dataList.Add(wp); } public WayPoint getWayPoint(int i) { if (i < dataList.Count) { return dataList[i]; } else return null; } public List<WayPoint> DataList { get { return dataList; } } internal void Add(WayPoint wp) { dataList.Add(wp); } } } WayPoint.cs using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Text; namespace CourseworkExample { public class WayPoint { private string name; private float ele; private float latitude; private float longitude; private string sym; public WayPoint(string name, float latitude, float longitude, float elevation) { this.name = name; this.latitude = latitude; this.longitude = longitude; this.ele = elevation; } public WayPoint() { name = "no name"; ele = 3.5F; latitude = 3.5F; longitude = 0.0F; sym = "no symbol"; } public WayPoint(string s) { string[] bits = s.Split(','); name = bits[0]; longitude = Convert.ToSingle(bits[2]); latitude = Convert.ToSingle(bits[1]); if (bits.Length > 4) sym = bits[4]; else sym = ""; try { ele = Convert.ToSingle(bits[3]); } catch (Exception e) { ele = 0.0f; } } public float Longitude { get { return longitude; } set { longitude = value; } } public float Latitude { get { return latitude; } set { latitude = value; } } public float Ele { get { return ele; } set { ele = value; } } public string Name { get { return name; } set { name = value; } } public string Sym { get { return sym; } set { sym = value; } } } } .csv file data birthplace.png 51.483788,-0.351906,51.460745,-0.302982 Born Here,51.473805,-0.32532,-,hospital Danced here,51,483805,-0.32532,-,hospital

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• hyper-v fails when attaching more disk to VM. The VM won't start and generates an error

  - by CasperDK

  I'm lost at what to do about this: Hi... System: Windows 2008 R2 Hyper-V farm running with failover cluster with a EVA 4400 as backend. When I attach a new disk to a VM it fails when I try to start it. If I move the VM to another, say node 1, I can add the disk and I can get them to start. If I move the VM back to node 2 where the problem arose and the VM is running, I get an error during live migration and the VM fails back to node1 where it did run... So it's like there is something wrong with Hyper-V on node 2 and not node 1. Also node 3 has the same issue. Restarting the nodes is NOT an option since I will have this problem again at a later time AND because not all the VMs can run on node 1 which means my client company will experience downtime on the VMs not running on node 1. Any fix for this? An update I have missed perhaps? It has been two years... Here are the errors: An error ocurred while attempting to change the state of virtual machine XXX. 'XXX' failed to start. Microsoft Emulated IDE Controller (Instance ID {83F8638B-8DCA-4152-9EDA-2CA8B33039B4}): Failed to power on with Error 'A device attached to the system is not functioning.' Failed to open attachment 'X:\XXX.vhd'. Error: 'A device attached to the system is not functioning.' Failed to open attachment 'X:\XXX.vhd'. Error: 'A device attached to the system is not functioning.' 'XXX' failed to start. (Virtual machine 36563C78-65B5-4C40-A52D-689BB39E8B08) Microsoft Emulated IDE Controller (Instance ID {83F8638B-8DCA-4152-9EDA-2CA8B33039B4}): Failed to power on with Error 'A device attached to the system is not functioning.' (0x8007001F). (Virtual machine 36563C78-65B5-4C40-A52D-689BB39E8B08) 'XXX': Failed to open attachment 'X:\XXX.vhd'. Error: 'A device attached to the system is not functioning.' (0x8007001F). (Virtual machine 36563C78-65B5-4C40-A52D-689BB39E8B08) 'XXX': Failed to open attachment 'X:\XXX.vhd'. Error: 'A device attached to the system is not functioning.' (0x8007001F). (Virtual machine 36563C78-65B5-4C40-A52D-689BB39E8B08) An error ocurred while attempting to change the state of virtual machine XXX. 'XXX' failed to start. Microsoft Emulated IDE Controller (Instance ID {83F8638B-8DCA-4152-9EDA-2CA8B33039B4}): Failed to power on with Error 'A device attached to the system is not functioning.' Failed to open attachment 'X:\XXX.vhd'. Error: 'A device attached to the system is not functioning.' Failed to open attachment 'X:\XXX.vhd'. Error: 'A device attached to the system is not functioning.' 'XXX' failed to start. (Virtual machine 36563C78-65B5-4C40-A52D-689BB39E8B08) Microsoft Emulated IDE Controller (Instance ID {83F8638B-8DCA-4152-9EDA-2CA8B33039B4}): Failed to power on with Error 'A device attached to the system is not functioning.' (0x8007001F). (Virtual machine 36563C78-65B5-4C40-A52D-689BB39E8B08) 'XXX': Failed to open attachment 'X:\XXX.vhd'. Error: 'A device attached to the system is not functioning.' (0x8007001F). (Virtual machine 36563C78-65B5-4C40-A52D-689BB39E8B08) 'XXX': Failed to open attachment 'X:\XXX.vhd'. Error: 'A device attached to the system is not functioning.' (0x8007001F). (Virtual machine 36563C78-65B5-4C40-A52D-689BB39E8B08) An error ocurred while attempting to change the state of virtual machine XXX. 'XXX' failed to start. Microsoft Emulated IDE Controller (Instance ID {83F8638B-8DCA-4152-9EDA-2CA8B33039B4}): Failed to power on with Error 'A device attached to the system is not functioning.' Failed to open attachment 'c:\clusterstorage/volume1/XXX.vhd'. Error: 'A device attached to the system is not functioning.' Failed to open attachment 'c:\clusterstorage/volume1\XXX.vhd'. Error: 'A device attached to the system is not functioning.' 'XXX' failed to start. (Virtual machine 36563C78-65B5-4C40-A52D-689BB39E8B08) Microsoft Emulated IDE Controller (Instance ID {83F8638B-8DCA-4152-9EDA-2CA8B33039B4}): Failed to power on with Error 'A device attached to the system is not functioning.' (0x8007001F). (Virtual machine 36563C78-65B5-4C40-A52D-689BB39E8B08) 'XXX': Failed to open attachment 'c:\clusterstorage/volume1\XXX.vhd'. Error: 'A device attached to the system is not functioning.' (0x8007001F). (Virtual machine 36563C78-65B5-4C40-A52D-689BB39E8B08) 'XXX': Failed to open attachment 'c:\clusterstorage/volume1\XXX.vhd'. Error: 'A device attached to the system is not functioning.' (0x8007001F). (Virtual machine 36563C78-65B5-4C40-A52D-689BB39E8B08) In the Hyper-V logs I found some more errors: In the hyper-v VMMS logs I have this: 'ServerName' failed to perform the operation. The virtual machine is not in a valid state to perform the operation. (Virtual machine ID 0A6CC4A9-39D6-4413-8CF0-B6DAA35B68D7)

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• How to enable catch-all email in iRedMail Open Source edition?

  - by Matthias

  How to create catch-all email alias for domain in iRedMail Open Source edition? I know that's possible via LDAP and found the following instructions: http://iredmail.org/wiki/index.php?title=Addition/OpenLDAP/Catch-all The problem is how exactly to add this parameters via phpLDAPAdmin? I select "Create new entry here" and choose mailUser type. Then in step 2 first question is about "RDN" with select box "select RDN attribute". What should I choose as RDN? Which fields of the "Create Object" form should be filled? Unfortunetly there is completely no validation of user input and final errors does not contain explanation what's wrong Also when I try to import example from iredmail wiki phpldapadmin it gives LDIF Import Parse Error Description: A valid dn line is required [] dn line is: dn: [email protected],ou=Users,domainName=mydomain.eu,o=domains,dc=myserver,dc=pl

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• Recommendations needed for email server and file sharing solutions.

  - by Abeansits

  I work at a relatively small company, around 30 people and we are now looking into a solution that can handle: File sharing. Email server. Calendar support. Around 30 users. Accessible from external network. Support for Windows XP (and above), Mac OS 10.6.3 and Ubuntu clients. When it comes down to security we don't have the experience to comment on that. I guess the de facto standard is good enough for us. Sorry if this is formulated as a n00b question, because it is. =) Any kind of pointer in the right direction will be appreciated. Thanks in advance! //Abean

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• How do I send email with sendmail to external hosts?

  - by Jake

  If I wanted to send an email to a user on the same linux machine, I can run: echo -e "Subject: Foo\n\nBar\n" | sendmail -v jacob But if I run: echo -e "Subject: Foo\n\nBar\n" | sendmail -v [email protected] It will give me the error: 050 >>> MAIL From:<jacob@mu> SIZE=321 050 550 5.1.8 Cannot resolve your domain {mx-us011} If my machine has access to the internet but is behind a router and has no domain associated with it, can I use sendmail to send mail to this address? Do I need to connect through an SMTP server? Can I do that with sendmail? If I use sendmail's -f option and put my gmail account there it will work. Can (or should I) I use my IP address? echo -e "Subject: Foo\n\nBar\n" | sendmail -v -f [email protected] [email protected] I'm a bit lost on how all this comes together in sending mail from the command line.

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• Is there a way to set up an SMTP relay that allows users of a web app to have the web app send email

  - by mic

  the web service sends out emails on behalf of the users to their customers. So [email protected] uses webservice and webservice sends emails . The emails should be appearing as coming from [email protected]. Currently what we are trying to do is to configure webservice to act as an email client for each user, each user being able to create their own profile in which they need to configure their smtp server credentials. But given that there are more options for configurations than you can shake your stick at -not to mention trying to explain to users what info to get from where, POP b4 smtp, TLS, SSL, AUTH,etc) I am wondering if there could be a different way. How, if at all could this be approached? Can I set up a postfix server to do what I need to without running into another admin. nightmare or being blocked for spamming? Thank you for your insights

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• Can I make the Courier email server use a non-default salt for passwords?

  - by Vasiliy Stavenko

  I'm setting up email server for the first time and confused with strange thing. I have several user accounts which stored in previous server. Passwords for this accounts are in plain text. But I want to create crypts for them. MySQL (where my users will be stored) have function encrypt(passwd, salt). If no salt given used random value. I discovered that Courier uses one certain salt and crypted all passwords with it. So the task done. But I'd like to know if there's a way to define my own salt for my pop3 server?

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• Can I make the Courier email server use a non-default salt for passwords?

  - by Vasiliy Stavenko

  I'm setting up email server for the first time and confused with strange thing. I have several user accounts which stored in previous server. Passwords for this accounts are in plain text. But I want to create crypts for them. MySQL (where my users will be stored) have function encrypt(passwd, salt). If no salt given used random value. I discovered that Courier uses one certain salt and crypted all passwords with it. So the task done. But I'd like to know if there's a way to define my own salt for my pop3 server?

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• Why my dns server ip got blacklisted instead of my email server ip?

  - by Khurram Masood

  We are hosting our own dns server our scenario is as under; dns ip: a.b.c.1 fqdn:ns1.example.com ------ reverse lookup to a.b.c.1 mail server ip a.b.c.2 mail.example.com ------ reverse lookup to a.b.c.2 smtp.example.com ------ no reverse lookup pop.example.com ------ no reverse lookup web server ip a.b.c.3 example.com ------ reverse lookup to a.b.c.3 www.example.com ------ no reverse lookup a few days back our dns server ip got blacklisted and all our services were down from outside. We had also added a new dns server on a separate network that caused our domain and machines with same names as above to resolve on different ips, can this b a cause of being blacklisted? But all blacklists points towards spamming. Can anyone please explain why my dns ip got blacklisted instead of my email or web server ip?

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• How to make qmail to feed email into shell command?

  - by Nopik

  Hi, I have some server running qmail, with many users/domains configured via plesk. I would like to get emails from specified address delivered to one of my users being feed to shell command, as addition to normal delivery. So, basically, I have some shell script, and I'd like qmail to invoke my script with the email, and the continued with delivery as usual. If necessary, I can do recipient/sender filterind on script side, though it could be more efficient and cleaner, if qmail would feed only correct emails to my script. Anyway, how to accomplish that?

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• How to accept email *only* from white-listed addresses in Gmail? [migrated]

  - by Mawg

  I only want to accpet email from two addresses, the rest I want to delete immediately, unseen. I know how to make fileers and I can whitelist those two addresses. If I make 3 filter, in this order; 1) from [email protected] move to inbox, never mark as spam 2) from [email protected] move to inbox, never mark as spam 3) from *@*.* delete immediately, never move to trash can I be guaranteed that that will do what I want? For instance, can I be sure that the filters are executed in that order? I dont want to lose amy mail from those two adresses.

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• In Outlook 2010, can you add "Categories" to the "New Email" Ribbon?

  - by Jeff

  I couldn't figure out how to do this in Outlook 2007, and I was hoping I could do it in Outlook 2010... I want the ability to quickly apply a category when composing a new email (typically a "Waiting For..." category) for things that need a response. It is possible to apply a category by clicking the "Options" ribbon, then the little arrow under the More Options section - but why can't I get the nice big "Categories" drop-down that's available in the "Tags" section of the main Outlook window. There are about a kabillion commands in the "Customize Ribbon" dialog box for the New Mail window, but I couldn't find anything about Categories. Should I just give up?

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• It's possible to use google smtp for sending email from my server?

  - by Magnetic_dud

  Well, I am becoming crazy to let my email deliver to gmail/hotmail from my new ip. Last year, i had no problems with my past ip, but now my emails go straight to the spam folder of gmail and hotmail. I checked with mxtoolbox.com and i am not blacklisted, not an open proxy, rdns is configured the right way, SPF policy is present on the DNS. My spf is v=spf1 a mx ~all But, still, I am filtered. So, I am wondering: since gmail does not accept my emails, it's possible to use gmail smtp server to deliver all mails from my server? AFAIK, it will change all the "from" address, but maybe there is a way to not let it happen?

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• Create an RSS feed for any webpage, monitor changes and send results by email?

  - by David

  Do you know a Windows 7 software (not an online service) than can create an RSS feed for any webpage ? Here is what I am looking for : I manually select what is a title, what is a link and if needed what is the content that I would like to keep (article content + their related images if they exist). The software create a RSS feed from that. Then it monitors the feed every x hours (or x days at a specified time). If updates are found then send the results to my email address. (It is a little like a combination of the Firefox addon: Autopager (WYSIWYG selection which use xpath) and WebSite-Watcher (RSS software monitoring).

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• Will this SPF record restrict delivery of email for the original domain?

  - by user199421

  As part of the product we offer we send emails on behalf of our clients. Because the emails don't come from an IP associated with the client they are sometimes flagged as spam. We advised some of our clients to add an SPF record approving us to send emails on their behalf. We saw immediate improvement in deliverability rates after making the change however one of our clients was notified by his hosting provider that the SPF record we suggested to add would "slightly restrict" all emails that don't come from our servers (including our client's own servers). The record we use is this: v=spf1 a mx include:ourdomain.com ~all So my question is if the warning we received about this is correct and if so why and what can be done to solve this (allow sending email both from original domain and by ourselves).

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