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• Exponential regression : p-value and F significance

  - by Saravanan K

  I am new to statistics. I have a set of independent data and dependent data (X,Y), where I would like to do an exponential regression to obtain its p-value and significant F (already obtained R2 and also the coefficients through mathematical calculation). What is the natural evolution from the (X,Y) data to mathematically calculate those variables. Spent a week on the internet to study this but unable to find the right answer. Often an exponential data, y=be^(mx) will be converted first to a linear data, ln y = mx + ln b . Then a linear regression will done on the converted data, obtaining its p-value etc. Assume we use a statistical tool such as Excel's Analysis ToolPak: Data Analysis : Regression, it will produce a result such as below, I believe the p-value and Significant F value is representing the converted linear data and not the original exponential data. Questions: What is the approach/steps used by Excel to get the p-value and Significant F value for the converted linear data as shown in the statistic output in the image above? It is not clear in their help page or website. Can the p-value and Significant F could be mathematically calculated for exponential regression without using a statistical tool? Can you assist to point me to the right link if this has been answered before.

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• Debugging an unresponsive iPhone UI

  - by buggles

  I have an application that needs to update its display every minute or so. To achieve this I was using performSelector:withObject:afterDelay, calling the selector that most of the time just changes some text in a label based on a very simple (and quick) calculation. [self performSelector:@selector(updateDisplay) withObject:nil afterDelay:60]; Occasionally during an update, I have to go off and get some data from the web, and so I do that in another thread using detachNewThreadSelector. That all worked and the "performSelector after Delay" call completes in a tiny fraction of a second, and only runs once a minute. Despite this, and despite running fine on the simulator, the single button in the app is largely unresponsive, not responding to multiple stabs. So, I had assumed peformSelector:afterDelay would not block, but I'm now wondering if it is blocking in some way? I even tried NOT doing the web-look-up incase this was somehow still impacting the responsiveness. No joy. [NSThread detachNewThreadSelector:@selector(updateFromURL) toTarget:self withObject:nil]; I then pushed it through shark to see if I could see anything obvious. From here I can see the web-lookup is the only thing taking any time, but it is only being done every couple of minutes, and then clearly not running on the main thread. The app itself is consuming a tiny fraction of 1% of the CPU (0.0000034%) over 20 minutes, so it just must be a blocking issue. So, am I missing something about performSelector:afterDelay? What other common newbie mistakes might I be making. If it helps, although I've been developing applications for over 20 years, the previous 10 have been largely Java. Perhaps I have a Java assumption loaded :-) Essentially I have assumed the main thread is like the EDT (only do UI stuff on it, but keep everything else off it).

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• What data structure to use / data persistence

  - by Dave

  I have an app where I need one table of information with the following fields: field 1 - int or char field 2 - string (max 10 char) field 3 - string (max 20 char) field 4 - float I need the program to filter on field 1 based upon a segmented control and select a field 2 from a picker. From this data I need to look up field 4 to use in a calculation. Total records will be about 200. I never see it go above 400 - 500. I am going to use a singleton which I am able to do, I just need help with the structure for this with data persistence. What type of data structure should I use for this and should I use NSNumber, NSString, etc. or old data types like float, Char, etc. I thought about a struct put into an array but there is probably a better way. This is new to me so any help or reference to examples would be great. I also thought about a plist or dictionary but it looks like it is just a lookup and a field which obviously won't work. Core data looked like overkill to me. Also, with any recommendation how should I get initial data into it? I want the user to be able to edit and add to the database. Sorry for the old terms, you can see what generation I am from... Thanks in advance!!!!

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• Could not determine the size of this expression.

  - by Søren

  Hi, I have resently started to use MATLAB Simulink, and my problem is that i can't implement an AMDF function, because simulink compiler cannot determine the lengths. Simulink errors: |--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Could not determine the size of this expression. Function 'Embedded MATLAB Function2' (#38.728.741), line 33, column 32: "1:flength-k+1" Errors occurred during parsing of Embedded MATLAB function 'Embedded MATLAB Function2'(#38) Embedded MATLAB Interface Error: Errors occurred during parsing of Embedded MATLAB function 'Embedded MATLAB Function2'(#38) . |--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- MY CODE: |--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- persistent sLength persistent fLength persistent amdf % Length of the frame flength = length(frame); % Pitch period is between 2.5 ms and 19.5 ms for LPC-10 algorithm % This because this algorithm assumes the frequencyspan is 50 and 400 Hz pH = ceil((1/min(fspan))*fs); if(pH flength) pH = flength; end; pL = ceil((1/max(fspan))*fs); if(pL <= 0 || pL = flength) pL = 0; end; sLength = pH - pL; % Normalize the frame frame = frame/max(max(abs(frame))); % Allocating memory for the calculation of the amdf %amdf = zeros(1,sLength); %%%%%%%% amdf = 0; % Calculating the AMDF with unbiased normalizing for k = (pL+1):pH amdf(k-pL) = sum(abs(frame(1:flength-k+1) - frame(k:flength)))/(flength-k+1); end; % Output of the AMDF if(min(amdf) < lvlThr) voiced = 1; else voiced = 0; end; % Output of the minimum of the amdf minAMDF = min(amdf); |---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- HELP Kind regards Søren

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• php calculate float HELP!!

  - by apis17

  help!! i have weird math calculation here. hope someone will explain. $a = 1.85/100; $b = 1.5/100; $c = 1.1/100; $d = 0.4/100; $e = 0.4/100; $f = 0.4/100; $g = 0.4/100; $h = $a + $b + $c + $d + $e + $f + $g; echo $h*100 ."<br>"; $i = $h-$a; $i = $i-$b; $i = $i-$c; $i = $i-$d; $i = $i-$e; $i = $i-$f; $i = $i-$g; echo $i; last $i value should be 0 but it returns 6.93889390391E-18

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• When is a>a true ?

  - by Cricri

  Right, I think I really am living a dream. I have the following piece of code which I compile and run on an AIX machine: AIX 3 5 PowerPC_POWER5 processor type IBM XL C/C++ for AIX, V10.1 Version: 10.01.0000.0003 #include <stdio.h> #include <math.h> #define RADIAN(x) ((x) * acos(0.0) / 90.0) double nearest_distance(double radius,double lon1, double lat1, double lon2, double lat2){ double rlat1=RADIAN(lat1); double rlat2=RADIAN(lat2); double rlon1=lon1; double rlon2=lon2; double a=0,b=0,c=0; a = sin(rlat1)*sin(rlat2)+ cos(rlat1)*cos(rlat2)*cos(rlon2-rlon1); printf("%lf\n",a); if (a > 1) { printf("aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa\n"); } b = acos(a); c = radius * b; return radius*(acos(sin(rlat1)*sin(rlat2)+ cos(rlat1)*cos(rlat2)*cos(rlon2-rlon1))); } int main(int argc, char** argv) { nearest_distance(6367.47,10,64,10,64); return 0; } Now, the value of 'a' after the calculation is reported as being '1'. And, on this AIX machine, it looks like 1 1 is true as my 'if' is entered !!! And my acos of what I think is '1' returns NanQ since 1 is bigger than 1. May I ask how that is even possible ? I do not know what to think anymore ! The code works just fine on other architectures where 'a' really takes the value of what I think is 1 and acos(a) is 0.

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• Performance issue on Android's MapView Navigation-App

  - by poeschlorn

  Hey Guys, I've got a question on making an navigation app more faster and more stable. The basic layer of my app is a simple mapview, covered with several overlays (2 markers for start and destination and one for the route). My idea is to implement a thread to display the route, so that the app won't hang up during the calculation of a more complex route (like it does right now). After implementing the thread there are no updates shows any more, maybe you can help me with a short glance at an excerpt of my code below: private class MyLocationListener implements LocationListener { @Override public void onLocationChanged(Location loc) { posUser = new GeoPoint((int) (loc.getLatitude() * 1E6), (int) (loc .getLongitude() * 1E6)); new Thread(){ public void run(){ mapView.invalidate(); // Erase old overlays mapView.getOverlays().clear(); // Draw updated overlay elements and adjust basic map settings updateText(); if(firstRefresh){ adjustMap(); firstRefresh = false; } getAndPaintRoute(); drawMarkers(); } }; } Some features have been summarized to a method like "drawMarkers()" or "updateText()"...(they don't need any more attention ;-))

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• mysql: Average over multiple columns in one row, ignoring nulls

  - by Sai Emrys

  I have a large table (of sites) with several numeric columns - say a through f. (These are site rankings from different organizations, like alexa, google, quantcast, etc. Each has a different range and format; they're straight dumps from the outside DBs.) For many of the records, one or more of these columns is null, because the outside DB doesn't have data for it. They all cover different subsets of my DB. I want column t to be their weighted average (each of a..f have static weights which I assign), ignoring null values (which can occur in any of them), except being null if they're all null. I would prefer to do this with a simple SQL calculation, rather than doing it in app code or using some huge ugly nested if block to handle every permutation of nulls. (Given that I have an increasing number of columns to average over as I add in more outside DB sources, this would be exponentially more ugly and bug-prone.) I'd use AVG but that's only for group by, and this is w/in one record. The data is semantically nullable, and I don't want to average in some "average" value in place of the nulls; I want to only be counting the columns for which data is there. Is there a good way to do this? Ideally, what I want is something like UPDATE sites SET t = AVG(a*a_weight,b*b_weight,...) where any null values are just ignored and no grouping is happening.

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• Drawing a relative line in C#

  - by icemanind

  Guys, I know this is going to turn out to be a simple answer, but I can't seem to figure it out. I have a C# Winform application that I am trying to build. I am trying to draw a white line 60 pixels above the bottom of the form. I am using this code: private void MainForm_Paint(object sender, PaintEventArgs e) { e.Graphics.DrawLine(Pens.White, 10, this.Height-60, 505, this.Height-60); } Simple enough, however no line is drawn. After some debugging, I figured out that it IS drawing the line, but it is drawing it outside my form. If I change the -60 to -175, then I can see it at the bottom of my form. This would solve my problem, except as my form's height changes, the line draws closer and closer to the bottom of my form until eventually, its off the form again. What am I doing wrong? Am I using the wrong graphics unit? Or is there a more complex calculation I need to do to determine 60 pixels from the bottom of my form?

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• How can I make this method more Scalalicious

  - by Neil Chambers

  I have a function that calculates the left and right node values for some collection of treeNodes given a simple node.id, node.parentId association. It's very simple and works well enough...but, well, I am wondering if there is a more idiomatic approach. Specifically is there a way to track the left/right values without using some externally tracked value but still keep the tasty recursion. /* * A tree node */ case class TreeNode(val id:String, val parentId: String){ var left: Int = 0 var right: Int = 0 } /* * a method to compute the left/right node values */ def walktree(node: TreeNode) = { /* * increment state for the inner function */ var c = 0 /* * A method to set the increment state */ def increment = { c+=1; c } // poo /* * the tasty inner method * treeNodes is a List[TreeNode] */ def walk(node: TreeNode): Unit = { node.left = increment /* * recurse on all direct descendants */ treeNodes filter( _.parentId == node.id) foreach (walk(_)) node.right = increment } walk(node) } walktree(someRootNode) Edit - The list of nodes is taken from a database. Pulling the nodes into a proper tree would take too much time. I am pulling a flat list into memory and all I have is an association via node id's as pertains to parents and children. Adding left/right node values allows me to get a snapshop of all children (and childrens children) with a single SQL query. The calculation needs to run very quickly in order to maintain data integrity should parent-child associations change (which they do very frequently). In addition to using the awesome Scala collections I've also boosted speed by using parallel processing for some pre/post filtering on the tree nodes. I wanted to find a more idiomatic way of tracking the left/right node values. After looking at the answers listed I have settled on this synthesised version: def walktree(node: TreeNode) = { def walk(node: TreeNode, counter: Int): Int = { node.left = counter node.right = treeNodes .filter( _.parentId == node.id) .foldLeft(counter+1) { (counter, curnode) => walk(curnode, counter) + 1 } node.right } walk(node,1) }

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• Http Digest Authentication, Handle different browser char-sets...

  - by user160561

  Hi all, I tried to use the Http Authentication Digest Scheme with my php (apache module) based website. In general it works fine, but when it comes to verification of the username / hash against my user database i run into a problem. Of course i do not want to store the user´s password in my database, so i tend to store the A1 hashvalue (which is md5($username . ':' . $realm . ':' . $password)) in my db. This is just how the browser does it too to create the hashes to send back. The Problem: I am not able to detect if the browser does this in ISO-8859-1 fallback (like firefox, IE) or UTF-8 (Opera) or whatever. I have chosen to do the calculation in UTF-8 and store this md5 hash. Which leads to non-authentication in Firefox and IE browsers. How do you solve this problem? Just do not use this auth-scheme? Or Store a md5 Hash for each charset? Force users to Opera? (Terms of A1 refer to the http://php.net/manual/en/features.http-auth.php example.) (for digest access authentication read the according wikipedia entry)

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• How to Use Calculated Color Values with ColorMatrix?

  - by Otaku

  I am changing color values of each pixel in an image based on a calculation. The problem is that this takes over 5 seconds on my machine with a 1000x1333 image and I'm looking for a way to optimize it to be much faster. I think ColorMatrix may be an option, but I'm having a difficult time figure out how I would get a set of pixel RGB values, use that to calculate and then set the new pixel value. I can see how this can be done if I was just modifying (multiplying, subtracting, etc.) the original value with ColorMatrix, but now how I can use the pixels returned value to use it to calculate and new value. For example: Sub DarkenPicture() Dim clrTestFolderPath = "C:\Users\Me\Desktop\ColorTest\" Dim originalPicture = "original.jpg" Dim Luminance As Single Dim bitmapOriginal As Bitmap = Image.FromFile(clrTestFolderPath + originalPicture) Dim Clr As Color Dim newR As Byte Dim newG As Byte Dim newB As Byte For x = 0 To bitmapOriginal.Width - 1 For y = 0 To bitmapOriginal.Height - 1 Clr = bitmapOriginal.GetPixel(x, y) Luminance = ((0.21 * (Clr.R) + (0.72 * (Clr.G)) + (0.07 * (Clr.B))/ 255 newR = Clr.R * Luminance newG = Clr.G * Luminance newB = Clr.B * Luminance bitmapOriginal.SetPixel(x, y, Color.FromArgb(newR, newG, newB)) Next Next bitmapOriginal.Save(clrTestFolderPath + "colorized.jpg", ImageFormat.Jpeg) End Sub The Luminance value is the calculated one. I know I can set ColorMatrix's M00, M11, M22 to 0, 0, 0 respectively and then put a new value in M40, M41, M42, but that new value is calculated based of a value multiplication and addition of that pixel's components (((0.21 * (Clr.R) + (0.72 * (Clr.G)) + (0.07 * (Clr.B)) and the result of that - Luminance - is multiplied by the color component). Is this even possible with ColorMatrix?

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• Multiplication of 2 positive numbers giving a negative result

  - by krandiash

  My program is an implementation of a bloom filter. However, when I'm storing my hash function results in the bit array, the function (of the form f(i) = (a*i + b) % m where a,b,i,m are all positive integers) is giving me a negative result. The problem seems to be in the calculation of a*i which is coming out to be negative. Ignore the print statements in the code; those were for debugging. Basically, the value of temp in this block of code is coming out to be negative and so I'm getting an ArrayOutOfBoundsException. m is the bit array length, z is the number of hash functions being used, S is the set of values which are members of this bloom filter and H stores the values of a and b for the hash functions f1, f2, ..., fz. public static int[] makeBitArray(int m, int z, ArrayList<Integer> S, int[] H) { int[] C = new int[m]; for (int i = 0; i < z; i++) { for (int q = 0; q < S.size() ; q++) { System.out.println(H[2*i]); int temp = S.get(q)*(H[2*i]); System.out.println(temp); System.out.println(S.get(q)); System.out.println(H[2*i + 1]); System.out.println(m); int t = ((H[2*i]*S.get(q)) + H[2*i + 1])%m; System.out.println(t); C[t] = 1; } } return C; } Any help is appreciated.

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• Testing Finite State Machines

  - by Pondidum

  I have inherited a large and firaly complex state machine at work. It has 31 possbile states to be in. It has the following inputs: Enum: Current State (so 0 - 30) Enum: source (currently only 2 entries) Boolean: Request Boolean: type Enum: Status (3 states) Enum: Handling (3 states) Boolean: Completed The 31 States are really needed (big business process). Breaking into seperate state machines doesnt seem feasable - each state is distinct. I have written tests for one set of inputs (the most common set), with one test per input (all inputs constant, except for the State input): [Subject("Application Process States")] public class When_state_is_meeting2Requested : AppProcessBase { Establish context = () => { //Setup.... }; Because of = () => process.Load(jas, vac); It Current_node_should_be_meeting2Requested = () => process.CurrentNode.ShouldBeOfType<meetingRequestedNode>(); It Can_move_to_clientDeclined = () => Check(process, process.clientDeclined); It Can_move_to_meeting1Arranged = () => Check(process, process.meeting1Arranged); It Can_move_to_meeting2Arranged = () => Check(process, process.meeting2Arranged); It Can_move_to_Reject = () => Check(process, process.Reject); It Cannot_move_to_any_other_state = () => AllOthersFalse(process); } As no one is entirely sure on what the output should be for each state and set of inputs i have been starting to write tests for it, however on calculation i will need to write 4320 ( 30*2*2*2*3*3*2 ) tests for it. Does anyone have any suggestions on how i should go about testing this?

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• OpenGL equivalent of GDI's HatchBrush or PatternBrush?

  - by Ptah- Opener of the Mouth

  I have a VB6 application (please don't laugh) which does a lot of drawing via BitBlt and the standard VB6 drawing functions. I am running up against performance issues (yes, I do the regular tricks like drawing to memory). So, I decided to investigate other ways of drawing, and have come upon OpenGL. I've been doing some experimenting, and it seems straightforward to do most of what I want; the application mostly only uses very simple drawing -- relatively large 2D rectangles of solid colors and such -- but I haven't been able to find an equivalent to something like a HatchBrush or PatternBrush. More specifically, I want to be able to specify a small monochrome pixel pattern, choose a color, and whenever I draw a polygon (or whatever), instead of it being solid, have it automatically tiled with that pattern, not translated or rotated or skewed or stretched, with the "on" bits of the pattern showing up in the specified color, and the "off" bits of the pattern left displaying whatever had been drawn under the area that I am now drawing on. Obviously I could do all the calculations myself. That is, instead of drawing as a polygon which will somehow automatically be tiled for me, I could calculate all of the lines or pixels or whatever that actually need to be drawn, then draw them as lines or pixels or whatever. But is there an easier way? Like in GDI, where you just say "draw this polygon using this brush"? I am guessing that "textures" might be able to accomplish what I want, but it's not clear to me (I'm totally new to this and the documentation I've found is not entirely obvious); it seems like textures might skew or translate or stretch the pattern, based upon the vertices of the polygon? Whereas I want the pattern tiled. Is there a way to do this, or something like it, other than brute force calculation of exactly the pixels/lines/whatever that need to be drawn? Thanks in advance for any help.

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• What is the best way in assigning foreign key when using entity framework & LINQ to Entities?

  - by Abdel Olakara

  Hi all, I need to know the best practice of creating an entity object and assigning the foreign key. Here is my scenario. I have a Product table with pid,name,unit_price etc.. I also have a Rating table with pid (foregin key),rate,votes etc... Currently i am doing the following to create the rating object: var prod = entities.Product.First(p => p.product_id == pid); prod.Rating.Load(); if (prod.Rating != null) { log.Info("Rating already exists!"); // set values and Calcuate the score } else { log.Info("New Rating!!!"); Rating rating = new Rating(); // set values and do inital calculation prod.Rating = rating; } entities.SaveChanges(); Even though this works fine, i would like to know the best practice in doing these kind of assignment. Thanks for your suggestions and info. Best Regards, Abdel Olakara

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• Solving Naked Triples in Sudoku

  - by Kave

  Hello, I wished I paid more attention to the math classes back in Uni. :) How do I implement this math formula for naked triples? Naked Triples Take three cells C = {c1, c2, c3} that share a unit U. Take three numbers N = {n1, n2, n3}. If each cell in C has as its candidates ci ? N then we can remove all ni ? N from the other cells in U.** I have a method that takes a Unit (e.g. a Box, a row or a column) as parameter. The unit contains 9 cells, therefore I need to compare all combinations of 3 cells at a time that from the box, perhaps put them into a stack or collection for further calculation. Next step would be taking these 3-cell-combinations one by one and compare their candidates against 3 numbers. Again these 3 numbers can be any possible combination from 1 to 9. Thats all I need. But how would I do that? How many combinations would I get? Do I get 3 x 9 = 27 combinations for cells and then the same for numbers (N)? How would you solve this in classic C# loops? No Lambda expression please I am already confused enough :) Many Thanks for any help,

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• What is the the relation between programming and mathematics?

  - by Math Grad

  Programmers seem to think that their work is quite mathematical. I understand this when you try to optimize something in performance, find the most efficient alogithm, etc.. But it patently seems false when you look at a billing application for a shop, or a systems software riddled with I/O calls. So what is it exactly? Is computation and associated programming really mathematical? Here I have in mind particularly the words of the philosopher Schopenhauer in mind: That arithmetic is the basest of all mental activities is proved by the fact that it is the only one that can be accomplished by means of a machine. Take, for instance, the reckoning machines that are so commonly used in England at the present time, and solely for the sake of convenience. But all analysis finitorum et infinitorum is fundamentally based on calculation. Therefore we may gauge the “profound sense of the mathematician,” of whom Lichtenberg has made fun, in that he says: “These so-called professors of mathematics have taken advantage of the ingenuousness of other people, have attained the credit of possessing profound sense, which strongly resembles the theologians’ profound sense of their own holiness.” I lifted the above quote from here. It seems that programmers are doing precisely the sort of mechanized base mental activity the grand old man is contemptuous about. So what exactly is the deal? Is programming really the "good" kind of mathematics, or just the baser type, or altogether something else just meant for business not to be confused with a pure discipline?

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• How to create extensible dynamic array in Java without using pre-made classes?

  - by AndrejaKo

  Yeah, it's a homework question, so givemetehkodezplsthx! :) Anyway, here's what I need to do: I need to have a class which will have among its attributes array of objects of another class. The proper way to do this in my opinion would be to use something like LinkedList, Vector or similar. Unfortunately, last time I did that, I got fire and brimstone from my professor, because according to his belief I was using advanced stuff without understanding basics. Now next obvious solution would be to create array with fixed number of elements and add checks to get and set which will see if the array is full. If it is full, they'd create new bigger array, copy older array's data to the new array and return the new array to the caller. If it's mostly empty, they'd create new smaller array and move data from old array to new. To me this looks a bit stupid. For my homework, there probably won't be more that 3 elements in an array, but I'd like to make a scalable solution without manually calculating statistics about how often is array filled, what is the average number of new elements added, then using results of calculation to calculate number of elements in new array and so on. By the way, there is no need to remove elements from the middle of the array. Any tips?

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• Loading page all content and scripts inside another

  - by Robin I Knight

  If you go to this page on our website: http://www.divethegap.com/scuba-diving-programmes-dive-the-gap/dahab-divemaster-training.html The buttons at the bottom that say 'Beginner' 'Open Water Diver' etc.... They take you to another page where you have a series of options and can book. We would like it so that rather than have to navigate to another page it loaded those options and all the scripts that make the calculations in a div on the first page. Depending on which button you press depends on which page it would load inside the div. IFrame does not work as it does not dynamically resize when the collapsible panels are opened. AJAX script at dynamic drive. http://www.dynamicdrive.com/dynamicindex17/ajaxcontent.htm does not work as none of the collapsible panels work, nor does the calculation script. How can this be done. To sum it up it would be like turning the buttons at the bottom of the page into tabs that would display the content from the pages those buttons currently link through to. Is this possible.

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• Passing IDisposable objects through constructor chains

  - by Matt Enright

  I've got a small hierarchy of objects that in general gets constructed from data in a Stream, but for some particular subclasses, can be synthesized from a simpler argument list. In chaining the constructors from the subclasses, I'm running into an issue with ensuring the disposal of the synthesized stream that the base class constructor needs. Its not escaped me that the use of IDisposable objects this way is possibly just dirty pool (plz advise?) for reasons I've not considered, but, this issue aside, it seems fairly straightforward (and good encapsulation). Codes: abstract class Node { protected Node (Stream raw) { // calculate/generate some base class properties } } class FilesystemNode : Node { public FilesystemNode (FileStream fs) : base (fs) { // all good here; disposing of fs not our responsibility } } class CompositeNode : Node { public CompositeNode (IEnumerable some_stuff) : base (GenerateRaw (some_stuff)) { // rogue stream from GenerateRaw now loose in the wild! } static Stream GenerateRaw (IEnumerable some_stuff) { var content = new MemoryStream (); // molest elements of some_stuff into proper format, write to stream content.Seek (0, SeekOrigin.Begin); return content; } } I realize that not disposing of a MemoryStream is not exactly a world-stopping case of bad CLR citizenship, but it still gives me the heebie-jeebies (not to mention that I may not always be using a MemoryStream for other subtypes). It's not in scope, so I can't explicitly Dispose () it later in the constructor, and adding a using statement in GenerateRaw () is self-defeating since I need the stream returned. Is there a better way to do this? Preemptive strikes: yes, the properties calculated in the Node constructor should be part of the base class, and should not be calculated by (or accessible in) the subclasses I won't require that a stream be passed into CompositeNode (its format should be irrelevant to the caller) The previous iteration had the value calculation in the base class as a separate protected method, which I then just called at the end of each subtype constructor, moved the body of GenerateRaw () into a using statement in the body of the CompositeNode constructor. But the repetition of requiring that call for each constructor and not being able to guarantee that it be run for every subtype ever (a Node is not a Node, semantically, without these properties initialized) gave me heebie-jeebies far worse than the (potential) resource leak here does.

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• Truly declarative language?

  - by gjvdkamp

  Hi all, Does anyone know of a truly declarative language? The behaviour I'm looking for is kind of what Excel does, where I can define variables and formulas, and have the formula's result change when the input changes (without having set the answer again myself) The behaviour I'm looking for is best shown with this pseudo code: X = 10 // define and assign two variables Y = 20; Z = X + Y // declare a formula that uses these two variables X = 50 // change one of the input variables ?Z // asking for Z should now give 70 (50 + 20) I've tried this in a lot of languages like F#, python, matlab etc, but every time i try this they come up with 30 instead of 70. Wich is correct from an imperative point of view, but i'm looking for a more declerative behaviour if you know what i mean. And this is just a very simple calculation. When things get more difficult it should handle stuff like recursion and memoization automagically. The code below would obviously work in C# but it's just so much code for the job, i'm looking for something a bit more to the point without all that 'technical noise' class BlaBla{ public int X {get;set;} // this used to be even worse before 3.0 public int Y {get;set;} public int Z {get{return X + Y;}} } static void main(){ BlaBla bla = new BlaBla(); bla.X = 10; bla.Y = 20; // can't define anything here bla.X = 50; // bit pointless here but I'll do it anyway. Console.Writeline(bla.Z);// 70, hurray! } This just seems like so much code, curly braces and semicolons that add nothing. Is there a language/ application (apart from Exel) that does this? Maybe I'm no doing it right in the mentioned langauges, or I've completely missed an app that does just this. I prototyped a language/ application that does this (along with some other stuff) and am thinking of productizing it. I just can't believe it's not there yet. Don't want to waste my time. Thanks in advance, Gert-Jan

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• C# Regex - Match and replace, Auto Increment

  - by Marc Still

  I have been toiling with a problem and any help would be appreciated. Problem: I have a paragraph and I want to replace a variable which appears several times (Variable = @Variable). This is the easy part, but the portion which I am having difficulty is trying to replace the variable with different values. I need for each occurrence to have a different value. For instance, I have a function that does a calculation for each variable. What I have thus far is below: private string SetVariables(string input, string pattern){ Regex rx = new Regex(pattern); MatchCollection matches = rx.Matches(input); int i = 1; if(matches.Count > 0) { foreach(Match match in matches) { rx.Replace(match.ToString(), getReplacementNumber(i)); i++ } } I am able to replace each variable that I need to with the number returned from getReplacementNumber(i) function, but how to I put it back into my original input with the replaced values, in the same order found in the match collection? Thanks in advance! Marcus

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• [Delphi] How would you refactor this code?

  - by Al C

  This hypothetical example illustrates several problems I can't seem to get past, even though I keep trying!! ... Suppose the original code is a long event handler, coded in the UI, triggered when a user clicks a cell in a grid. Expressed as pseudocode it's: if Condition1=true then begin //loop through every cell in row, //if aCell/headerCellValue>1 then //color aCell red end else if Condition2=true then begin //do some other calculation adding cell and headerCell values, and //if some other product>2 then //color the whole row green end else show an error message I look at this and say "Ah, refactor to the strategy pattern! The code will be easier to understand, easier to debug, and easier to later extend!" I get that. And I can easily break the code into multiple procedures. The problem is ultimately scope related. Assume the pseudocode makes extensive use of grid properties, values displayed in cells, maybe even built-in grid methods. How do you move all that to another unit, without referencing the grid component in the UI--which would break all the "rules" about loose coupling that make OOP valuable? ... I'm really looking forward to responses. Thanks, as always -- Al C.

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• CEIL is one too high for exact integer divisions

  - by Synetech

  This morning I lost a bunch of files, but because the volume they were one was both internally and externally defragmented, all of the information necessary for a 100% recovery is available; I just need to fill in the FAT where required. I wrote a program to do this and tested it on a copy of the FAT that I dumped to a file and it works perfectly except that for a few of the files (17 out of 526), the FAT chain is one single cluster too long, and thus cross-linked with the next file. Fortunately I know exactly what the problem is. I used ceil in my EOF calculation because even a single byte over will require a whole extra cluster: //Cluster is the starting cluster of the file //Size is the size (in bytes) of the file //BPC is the number of bytes per cluster //NumClust is the number of clusters in the file //EOF is the last cluster of the file’s FAT chain DWORD NumClust = ceil( (float)(Size / BPC) ) DWORD EOF = Cluster + NumClust; This algorithm works fine for everything except files whose size happens to be exactly a multiple of the cluster size, in which case they end up being one cluster too much. I thought about it for a while but am at a loss as to a way to do this. It seems like it should be simple but somehow it is surprisingly tricky. What formula would work for files of any size?

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