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  • What to Expect in Rails 4

    - by mikhailov
    Rails 4 is nearly there, we should be ready before it released. Most developers are trying hard to keep their application on the edge. Must see resources: 1) @sikachu talk: What to Expect in Rails 4.0 - YouTube 2) Rails Guides release notes: http://edgeguides.rubyonrails.org/4_0_release_notes.html There is a mix of all major changes down here: ActionMailer changes excerpt: Asynchronously send messages via the Rails Raise an ActionView::MissingTemplate exception when no implicit template could be found ActionPack changes excerpt Added controller-level etag additions that will be part of the action etag computation Add automatic template digests to all CacheHelper#cache calls (originally spiked in the cache_digests plugin) Add Routing Concerns to declare common routes that can be reused inside others resources and routes Added ActionController::Live. Mix it in to your controller and you can stream data to the client live truncate now always returns an escaped HTML-safe string. The option :escape can be used as false to not escape the result Added ActionDispatch::SSL middleware that when included force all the requests to be under HTTPS protocol ActiveModel changes excerpt AM::Validation#validates ability to pass custom exception to :strict option Changed `AM::Serializers::JSON.include_root_in_json' default value to false. Now, AM Serializers and AR objects have the same default behaviour Added ActiveModel::Model, a mixin to make Ruby objects work with AP out of box Trim down Active Model API by removing valid? and errors.full_messages ActiveRecord changes excerpt Use native mysqldump command instead of structure_dump method when dumping the database structure to a sql file. Attribute predicate methods, such as article.title?, will now raise ActiveModel::MissingAttributeError if the attribute being queried for truthiness was not read from the database, instead of just returning false ActiveRecord::SessionStore has been extracted from Active Record as activerecord-session_store gem. Please read the README.md file on the gem for the usage Fix reset_counters when there are multiple belongs_to association with the same foreign key and one of them have a counter cache Raise ArgumentError if list of attributes to change is empty in update_all Add Relation#load. This method explicitly loads the records and then returns self Deprecated most of the 'dynamic finder' methods. All dynamic methods except for find_by_... and find_by_...! are deprecated Added ability to ActiveRecord::Relation#from to accept other ActiveRecord::Relation objects Remove IdentityMap ActiveSupport changes excerpt ERB::Util.html_escape now escapes single quotes ActiveSupport::Callbacks: deprecate monkey patch of object callbacks Replace deprecated memcache-client gem with dalli in ActiveSupport::Cache::MemCacheStore Object#try will now return nil instead of raise a NoMethodError if the receiving object does not implement the method, but you can still get the old behavior by using the new Object#try! Object#try can't call private methods Add ActiveSupport::Deprecations.behavior = :silence to completely ignore Rails runtime deprecations What are the most important changes for you?

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  • Is a many-to-many relationship with extra fields the right tool for my job?

    - by whichhand
    Previously had a go at asking a more specific version of this question, but had trouble articulating what my question was. On reflection that made me doubt if my chosen solution was correct for the problem, so this time I will explain the problem and ask if a) I am on the right track and b) if there is a way around my current brick wall. I am currently building a web interface to enable an existing database to be interrogated by (a small number of) users. Sticking with the analogy from the docs, I have models that look something like this: class Musician(models.Model): first_name = models.CharField(max_length=50) last_name = models.CharField(max_length=50) dob = models.DateField() class Album(models.Model): artist = models.ForeignKey(Musician) name = models.CharField(max_length=100) class Instrument(models.Model): artist = models.ForeignKey(Musician) name = models.CharField(max_length=100) Where I have one central table (Musician) and several tables of associated data that are related by either ForeignKey or OneToOneFields. Users interact with the database by creating filtering criteria to select a subset of Musicians based on data the data on the main or related tables. Likewise, the users can then select what piece of data is used to rank results that are presented to them. The results are then viewed initially as a 2 dimensional table with a single row per Musician with selected data fields (or aggregates) in each column. To give you some idea of scale, the database has ~5,000 Musicians with around 20 fields of related data. Up to here is fine and I have a working implementation. However, it is important that I have the ability for a given user to upload there own annotation data sets (more than one) and then filter and order on these in the same way they can with the existing data. The way I had tried to do this was to add the models: class UserDataSets(models.Model): user = models.ForeignKey(User) name = models.CharField(max_length=100) description = models.CharField(max_length=64) results = models.ManyToManyField(Musician, through='UserData') class UserData(models.Model): artist = models.ForeignKey(Musician) dataset = models.ForeignKey(UserDataSets) score = models.IntegerField() class Meta: unique_together = (("artist", "dataset"),) I have a simple upload mechanism enabling users to upload a data set file that consists of 1 to 1 relationship between a Musician and their "score". Within a given user dataset each artist will be unique, but different datasets are independent from each other and will often contain entries for the same musician. This worked fine for displaying the data, starting from a given artist I can do something like this: artist = Musician.objects.get(pk=1) dataset = UserDataSets.objects.get(pk=5) print artist.userdata_set.get(dataset=dataset.pk) However, this approach fell over when I came to implement the filtering and ordering of query set of musicians based on the data contained in a single user data set. For example, I could easily order the query set based on all of the data in the UserData table like this: artists = Musician.objects.all().order_by(userdata__score) But that does not help me order by the results of a given single user dataset. Likewise I need to be able to filter the query set based on the "scores" from different user data sets (eg find all musicians with a score 5 in dataset1 and < 2 in dataset2). Is there a way of doing this, or am I going about the whole thing wrong?

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  • Proper abstraction of the database tier in a 3 tier system?

    - by Earlz
    Hello, I am creating a 3 tier application. Basically it goes Client - (through optional server to be a thin-client) - Business Logic - Database Layer And basically making it so that there is never any skipping around. As such, I want for all of the SQL queries and such to be in the Database Layer. Well, now I'm a bit confused. I made a few static classes to start off the database tier but what should I do for the database connections? Should I just create a new database connection anytime I enter the Database Layer or would that be wasteful? Does Connection.Open() take time whenever you have a ConnectionPool? To me, it just feels wrong for the Business tier to have to pass in a IdbConnection object to the Database tier. It seems like the Database tier should handle all of that DB-specific code. What do you think? How can I do it the proper way while staying practical?

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  • AS3: Removing EventListeners without knowing amount or names

    - by DevEight
    Hello! First shortly about how my site works: When a link is clicked it checks if something is already displayed in either the Left or Right side of the screen (the website looks like a book, so I have a left page I want to display information on and a right page). If there is already something showing it hides it and displays the new object, together with this it enables all the buttons within that object (I have separate functions to set up each object). An example of such an EventListener would be: pathTo.Button1.addEventListener(MouseEvent.CLICK, function():void {showText(side, object)}); What I'm trying to do is to remove all the previous set EventListeners without having to create separate functions for removing the links inside every object as well. Shorter version: How do I remove all EventListeners on all objects inside another object? The only variable I want to store is the object containing everything. There are however not always EventListeners within the objects.

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  • How to persist non-trivial fields in Play Framework

    - by AlexR
    I am trying to persist complex objects using Ebeans in Play Framework (2.03). In particular, I've created a class that contains a field of type weka.classifier.Classifier (Weka is a popular machine learning library - see http://weka.sourceforge.net/doc/weka/classifiers/Classifier.html). Classifier implements Serializeable so I hoped that I can get away with something like @Entity @Table(name = "classifiers") public class ClassifierData extends Model { @Id public Long id; public Classifier classifier; } However, the Evolutions script suggests the following database structure: create table classifiers ( id bigint auto_increment not null, constraint pk_classifiers primary key (id)) ) In other words, it ignores the field of type Classifier. (The database is MySQL if it makes any difference) What should I do to store complex serializeable objects using Ebean/Evolutions/PlayFramework?

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  • Query two tables from different schema

    - by Guru
    Hi- I have two different schemas in Oracle (say S1, S2). And two tables in those schemas(say S1.Table1, S2.Table2). I want to query these two tables from schema S1. Both S1 and S2 are in different databases. From DB1 - Schema S1, I want to do something like this, select T1.Id from S1.Table1 T1 , S2.Table2 T2 Where T1.Id = T2.refId I know one way of doing this would be creating a DB Link for the second schema and use it in querying. But sadly, I don't have priv to create DB link. Is there some way to do without DB link, like, in TOAD, you can compare two schema objects. But again, two schema objects and it is general comparision. Not like querying them. Any ideas, suggestions are greatly appriciated. Thanks in advance.

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  • Help Writing Input Data to Database With Wordpress Plugin

    - by HollerTrain
    Hi I am making a wordpress plugin where I need the Admin to enter data into a database table. I am able to install the db table when the Plugin is activated, however I can't figure out how to save the user input. I've asked on the WP forums but they're dead... Any experienced guru who can lend some guidance would be greatly appreciated. <?php /******************************************************************* * INSTALL DB TABLE - ONLY AT RUN TIME * *******************************************************************/ function ed_xml_install() { global $wpdb; $ed_xml_data = $wpdb->prefix . "ed_xml_data"; if($wpdb->get_var("SHOW TABLES LIKE '$ed_xml_data'") != $ed_xml_data) { $sql = "CREATE TABLE " . ed_xml_data . " ( id mediumint(9) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, name tinytext NOT NULL, address text NOT NULL, url VARCHAR(55) NOT NULL, phone bigint(11) DEFAULT '0' NOT NULL, UNIQUE KEY id (id) );"; require_once(ABSPATH . 'wp-admin/includes/upgrade.php'); dbDelta($sql); $name = "Example Business Name"; $address = "1234 Example Street"; $url = "http://www.google.com"; $phone = "523-3232-323232"; $insert = "INSERT INTO " . ed_xml_data . " (phone, name, address, url) " . "VALUES ('" . phone() . "','" . $wpdb->escape($name) . "','" . $wpdb->escape($address) . "', '" . $wpdb->escape($url) . "')"; $results = $wpdb->query( $insert ); } } //call the install hook register_activation_hook(__FILE__,'ed_xml_install'); /******************************************************************* * CREATE MENU, CREATE MENU CONTENT * *******************************************************************/ if ( is_admin() ){ /* place it under the ED menu */ //TODO $allowed_group = ''; /* Call the html code */ add_action('admin_menu', 'ed_xmlcreator_admin_menu'); function ed_xmlcreator_admin_menu() { add_options_page('ED XML Creator', 'ED XML Creator', 'administrator', 'ed_xml_creator', 'ed_xmlcreator_html_page'); } } /******************************************************************* * CONTENT OF MENU CONTENT * *******************************************************************/ function ed_xmlcreator_html_page() { <div> <h2>Editors Deal XML Options</h2> <p>Fill in the below information which will get passed to the .XML file.</p> <p>[<a href="" title="view XML file">view XML file</a>]</p> <form method="post" action="options.php"> <?php wp_nonce_field('update-options'); ?> <table width="510"> <!-- title --> <tr valign="top"> <th width="92" scope="row">Deal URL</th> <td width="406"> <input name="url" type="text" id="url" value="<?php echo get_option('url'); ?>" /> </td> </tr> <!-- description --> <tr valign="top"> <th width="92" scope="row">Deal Address</th> <td width="406"> <input name="address" type="text" id="address" value="<?php echo get_option('address'); ?>" /> </td> </tr> <!-- business name --> <tr valign="top"> <th width="92" scope="row">Business Phone</th> <td width="406"> <input name="phone" type="text" id="phone" value="<?php echo get_option('phone'); ?>" /> </td> </tr> <!-- address --> <tr valign="top"> <th width="92" scope="row">Business Name</th> <td width="406"> <input name="name" type="text" id="name" value="<?php echo get_option('name'); ?>" /> </td> </tr> </table> <input type="hidden" name="action" value="update" /> <input type="hidden" name="page_options" value="hello_world_data" /> <p> <input type="submit" value="<?php _e('Save Changes') ?>" /> </p> </form> </div> ?>

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  • C++ containers on classes, returning pointers

    - by otneil
    Hello, I'm having some trouble to find the best way to accomplish what I have in mind due to my inexperience. I have a class where I need to a vector of objects. So my first question will be: is there any problem having this: vector< AnyType container* and then on the constructor initialize it with new (and deleting it on the destructor)? Another question is: if this vector is going to store objects, shouldn't it be more like vector< AnyTipe* so they could be dynamically created? In that case how would I return an object from a method and how to avoid memory leaks (trying to use only STL)?

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  • XML serialization options in .NET

    - by Borek
    I'm building a service that returns an XML (no SOAP, no ATOM, just plain old XML). Say that I have my domain objects already filled with data and just need to transform them to the XML format. What options do I have on .NET? Requirements: The transformation is not 1:1. Say that I have an Address property of type Address with nested properties like Line1, City, Postcode etc. This may need to result in an XML like <xaddr city="...">Line1, Postcode</xaddr>, i.e. quite different. Some XML elements/attributes are conditional, for example, if a Customer is under 18, the XML needs to contain some additional information. I only need to serialize the objects to XML, the other direction (XML to objects) is not important Some technologies, i.e. Data Contracts use .NET attributes. Other means of configuration (external XML config, buddy classes etc.) would be a plus. Here are the options as I see them as the moment. Corrections / additions will be very welcome. String concatenation - forget it, it was a joke :) Linq 2 XML - complete control but quite a lot of hand written code, would need good suite of unit tests View engines in ASP.NET MVC (or even Web Forms theoretically), the logic being in controllers. It's a question how to structure it, I can have simple rules engine in my controller(s) and one view template per each possible output, or have the decision logic directly in the template. Both have upsides and downsides. XML Serialization - I'm not sure about the flexibility here Data Contracts from WCF - not sure about the flexibility either, plus would they work in a simple ASP.NET MVC app (non-WCF service)? Are they a super-set of the standard XML serialization now? If it exists, some XML-to-object mapper. The more I think about it the more I think I'm looking for something like this but I couldn't find anything appropriate. Any comments / other options?

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  • How to expose an entity via alternate keys with spring data rest

    - by dan carter
    Spring-data-rest does a great job exposing entities via their primary key for GET, PUT and DELETE etc. operations. /myentityies/123 It also exposes search operations. /myentities/search/byMyOtherKey?myOtherKey=123 In my case the entities have a number of alternate keys. The systems calling us, will know the objects by these IDs, rather than our internal primary key. Is it possible to expose the objects via another URL and have the GET, PUT and DELETE handled by the built-in spring-data-rest controllers? /myentities/myotherkey/456 We'd like to avoid forcing the calling systems to have to make two requests for each update. I've tried playing with @RestResource path value, but there doesn't seem to be a way to add additional paths.

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  • Can I add elements to a Java GUI?

    - by Asj
    I want to know how I can make a java program where an unknown amount of objects can be added to a GUI depending on user input. I can program in objects one at a time within the program, but I haven't seen a more dynamic program. Can I do that with Java? If not, what can I do it with? For more information, here's a picture. http://i6.photobucket.com/albums/y223/Asj127/CapProjIdea.jpg There can be more than one question per question block, and each question can have it's own question block.

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  • Can I change class types in a setter with an object-oriented language?

    - by user214626
    Hello, Here is the problem statement : Calling a setter on the object should result in the object to change to an object of a different class, which language can support this ? Ex. I have a class called "Man" (Parent Class), and two children namely "Toddler" and "Old Man", they are its children because they override a behaviour in Man called as walk.( i.e Toddler sometimes walks using both his hands and legs kneeled down and the Old man uses a stick to support himself). The Man class has a attribute called age, I have a setter on Man,say it is called setAge(int ageValue). I have 3 objects, 2 toddlers, 1 old-Man. (The system is up and running,i guess when we say objects it is obvious) .I will make this call, toddler.setAge(80), I expect the toddler to change to an object of type Old Man. Is this possible.Please suggest. Thanks,

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  • Vector of Object Pointers, general help and confusion

    - by Staypuft
    Have a homework assignment in which I'm supposed to create a vector of pointers to objects Later on down the load, I'll be using inheritance/polymorphism to extend the class to include fees for two-day delivery, next day air, etc. However, that is not my concern right now. The final goal of the current program is to just print out every object's content in the vector (name & address) and find it's shipping cost (weight*cost). My Trouble is not with the logic, I'm just confused on few points related to objects/pointers/vectors in general. But first my code. I basically cut out everything that does not mater right now, int main, will have user input, but right now I hard-coded two examples. #include <iostream> #include <string> #include <vector> using namespace std; class Package { public: Package(); //default constructor Package(string d_name, string d_add, string d_zip, string d_city, string d_state, double c, double w); double calculateCost(double, double); void Print(); ~Package(); private: string dest_name; string dest_address; string dest_zip; string dest_city; string dest_state; double weight; double cost; }; Package::Package() { cout<<"Constucting Package Object with default values: "<<endl; string dest_name=""; string dest_address=""; string dest_zip=""; string dest_city=""; string dest_state=""; double weight=0; double cost=0; } Package::Package(string d_name, string d_add, string d_zip, string d_city, string d_state, string r_name, string r_add, string r_zip, string r_city, string r_state, double w, double c){ cout<<"Constucting Package Object with user defined values: "<<endl; string dest_name=d_name; string dest_address=d_add; string dest_zip=d_zip; string dest_city=d_city; string dest_state=d_state; double weight=w; double cost=c; } Package::~Package() { cout<<"Deconstructing Package Object!"<<endl; delete Package; } double Package::calculateCost(double x, double y){ return x+y; } int main(){ double cost=0; vector<Package*> shipment; cout<<"Enter Shipping Cost: "<<endl; cin>>cost; shipment.push_back(new Package("tom r","123 thunder road", "90210", "Red Bank", "NJ", cost, 10.5)); shipment.push_back(new Package ("Harry Potter","10 Madison Avenue", "55555", "New York", "NY", cost, 32.3)); return 0; } So my questions are: I'm told I have to use a vector of Object Pointers, not Objects. Why? My assignment calls for it specifically, but I'm also told it won't work otherwise. Where should I be creating this vector? Should it be part of my Package Class? How do I go about adding objects into it then? Do I need a copy constructor? Why? What's the proper way to deconstruct my vector of object pointers? Any help would be appreciated. I've searched for a lot of related articles on here and I realize that my program will have memory leaks. Using one of the specialized ptrs from boost:: will not be available for me to use. Right now, I'm more concerned with getting the foundation of my program built. That way I can actually get down to the functionality I need to create. Thanks.

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  • Unit Testing - Am I doing it right?

    - by baron
    Hi everyone, Basically I have been programing for a little while and after finishing my last project can fully understand how much easier it would have been if I'd have done TDD. I guess I'm still not doing it strictly as I am still writing code then writing a test for it, I don't quite get how the test becomes before the code if you don't know what structures and how your storing data etc... but anyway... Kind of hard to explain but basically lets say for example I have a Fruit objects with properties like id, color and cost. (All stored in textfile ignore completely any database logic etc) FruitID FruitName FruitColor FruitCost 1 Apple Red 1.2 2 Apple Green 1.4 3 Apple HalfHalf 1.5 This is all just for example. But lets say I have this is a collection of Fruit (it's a List<Fruit>) objects in this structure. And my logic will say to reorder the fruitids in the collection if a fruit is deleted (this is just how the solution needs to be). E.g. if 1 is deleted, object 2 takes fruit id 1, object 3 takes fruit id2. Now I want to test the code ive written which does the reordering, etc. How can I set this up to do the test? Here is where I've got so far. Basically I have fruitManager class with all the methods, like deletefruit, etc. It has the list usually but Ive changed hte method to test it so that it accepts a list, and the info on the fruit to delete, then returns the list. Unit-testing wise: Am I basically doing this the right way, or have I got the wrong idea? and then I test deleting different valued objects / datasets to ensure method is working properly. [Test] public void DeleteFruit() { var fruitList = CreateFruitList(); var fm = new FruitManager(); var resultList = fm.DeleteFruitTest("Apple", 2, fruitList); //Assert that fruitobject with x properties is not in list ? how } private static List<Fruit> CreateFruitList() { //Build test data var f01 = new Fruit {Name = "Apple",Id = 1, etc...}; var f02 = new Fruit {Name = "Apple",Id = 2, etc...}; var f03 = new Fruit {Name = "Apple",Id = 3, etc...}; var fruitList = new List<Fruit> {f01, f02, f03}; return fruitList; }

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  • Is an ArrayList automaticaly declared static ,if it is an instance variable?(Java)

    - by Alex
    Hy ,what i`m trying to do is something like this: private class aClass { private ArrayList idProd; aClass(ArrayList prd) { this.idProd=new ArrayList(prd); } public ArrayList getIdProd() { return this.idProd; } } So if i have multiple instances of ArrayLIst (st1 ,st2 ,st3) and I want to make new objects of aClass : { aClass obj1,obj2,obj3; obj1=new aClass(st1); obj2=new aClass(st2); obj3=new aClass(st3); }why all of the aClass objects will return st3 if I access the method getIdProd() for each of them(obj1..obj3)? is an arraylist as a instance variable automatically declared static?

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  • objective C convert NSString to unsigned

    - by user1501354
    I have changed my question. I want to convert an NSString to an unsigned int. Why? Because I want to do parallel payment in PayPal. Below I have given my coding in which I want to convert the NSString to an unsigned int. My query is: //optional, set shippingEnabled to TRUE if you want to display shipping //options to the user, default: TRUE [PayPal getPayPalInst].shippingEnabled = TRUE; //optional, set dynamicAmountUpdateEnabled to TRUE if you want to compute //shipping and tax based on the user's address choice, default: FALSE [PayPal getPayPalInst].dynamicAmountUpdateEnabled = TRUE; //optional, choose who pays the fee, default: FEEPAYER_EACHRECEIVER [PayPal getPayPalInst].feePayer = FEEPAYER_EACHRECEIVER; //for a payment with multiple recipients, use a PayPalAdvancedPayment object PayPalAdvancedPayment *payment = [[PayPalAdvancedPayment alloc] init]; payment.paymentCurrency = @"USD"; // A payment note applied to all recipients. payment.memo = @"A Note applied to all recipients"; //receiverPaymentDetails is a list of PPReceiverPaymentDetails objects payment.receiverPaymentDetails = [NSMutableArray array]; NSArray *emailArray = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:@"[email protected]",@"[email protected]", nil]; for (int i = 1; i <= 2; i++) { PayPalReceiverPaymentDetails *details = [[PayPalReceiverPaymentDetails alloc] init]; // Customize the payment notes for one of the three recipient. if (i == 2) { details.description = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"Component %d", i]; } details.recipient = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@",[emailArray objectAtIndex:i-1]]; unsigned order; if (i==1) { order = [[feeArray objectAtIndex:0] unsignedIntValue]; } if (i==2) { order = [[amountArray objectAtIndex:0] unsignedIntValue]; } //subtotal of all items for this recipient, without tax and shipping details.subTotal = [NSDecimalNumber decimalNumberWithMantissa:order exponent:-4 isNegative:FALSE]; //invoiceData is a PayPalInvoiceData object which contains tax, shipping, and a list of PayPalInvoiceItem objects details.invoiceData = [[PayPalInvoiceData alloc] init]; //invoiceItems is a list of PayPalInvoiceItem objects //NOTE: sum of totalPrice for all items must equal details.subTotal //NOTE: example only shows a single item, but you can have more than one details.invoiceData.invoiceItems = [NSMutableArray array]; PayPalInvoiceItem *item = [[PayPalInvoiceItem alloc] init]; item.totalPrice = details.subTotal; [details.invoiceData.invoiceItems addObject:item]; [payment.receiverPaymentDetails addObject:details]; } [[PayPal getPayPalInst] advancedCheckoutWithPayment:payment]; Can anybody tell me how to do this conversion? Thanks and regards in advance.

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  • Multiple operations depending on the type of the object passed

    - by mixm
    Assuming I create a method which is passed an object and that method would perform an action depending on the object passed. How should I identify the object? I thought of using the class name to identify the object, but that may be impractical since I could easily change the class name of objects, and generate headaches during future development. Am I right? edit: for example, i have objects ball and bomb. if i have another object called wall, and the wall has the method to resolve collisions with the wall (e.g. the coordinates of the colliding ball and bomb) but have different logic depending on the colliding object (i.e. ball and bomb)

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  • How do I handle the Maybe result of at in Control.Lens.Indexed without a Monoid instance

    - by Matthias Hörmann
    I recently discovered the lens package on Hackage and have been trying to make use of it now in a small test project that might turn into a MUD/MUSH server one very distant day if I keep working on it. Here is a minimized version of my code illustrating the problem I am facing right now with the at lenses used to access Key/Value containers (Data.Map.Strict in my case) {-# LANGUAGE OverloadedStrings, GeneralizedNewtypeDeriving, TemplateHaskell #-} module World where import Control.Applicative ((<$>),(<*>), pure) import Control.Lens import Data.Map.Strict (Map) import qualified Data.Map.Strict as DM import Data.Maybe import Data.UUID import Data.Text (Text) import qualified Data.Text as T import System.Random (Random, randomIO) newtype RoomId = RoomId UUID deriving (Eq, Ord, Show, Read, Random) newtype PlayerId = PlayerId UUID deriving (Eq, Ord, Show, Read, Random) data Room = Room { _roomId :: RoomId , _roomName :: Text , _roomDescription :: Text , _roomPlayers :: [PlayerId] } deriving (Eq, Ord, Show, Read) makeLenses ''Room data Player = Player { _playerId :: PlayerId , _playerDisplayName :: Text , _playerLocation :: RoomId } deriving (Eq, Ord, Show, Read) makeLenses ''Player data World = World { _worldRooms :: Map RoomId Room , _worldPlayers :: Map PlayerId Player } deriving (Eq, Ord, Show, Read) makeLenses ''World mkWorld :: IO World mkWorld = do r1 <- Room <$> randomIO <*> (pure "The Singularity") <*> (pure "You are standing in the only place in the whole world") <*> (pure []) p1 <- Player <$> randomIO <*> (pure "testplayer1") <*> (pure $ r1^.roomId) let rooms = at (r1^.roomId) ?~ (set roomPlayers [p1^.playerId] r1) $ DM.empty players = at (p1^.playerId) ?~ p1 $ DM.empty in do return $ World rooms players viewPlayerLocation :: World -> PlayerId -> RoomId viewPlayerLocation world playerId= view (worldPlayers.at playerId.traverse.playerLocation) world Since rooms, players and similar objects are referenced all over the code I store them in my World state type as maps of Ids (newtyped UUIDs) to their data objects. To retrieve those with lenses I need to handle the Maybe returned by the at lens (in case the key is not in the map this is Nothing) somehow. In my last line I tried to do this via traverse which does typecheck as long as the final result is an instance of Monoid but this is not generally the case. Right here it is not because playerLocation returns a RoomId which has no Monoid instance. No instance for (Data.Monoid.Monoid RoomId) arising from a use of `traverse' Possible fix: add an instance declaration for (Data.Monoid.Monoid RoomId) In the first argument of `(.)', namely `traverse' In the second argument of `(.)', namely `traverse . playerLocation' In the second argument of `(.)', namely `at playerId . traverse . playerLocation' Since the Monoid is required by traverse only because traverse generalizes to containers of sizes greater than one I was now wondering if there is a better way to handle this that does not require semantically nonsensical Monoid instances on all types possibly contained in one my objects I want to store in the map. Or maybe I misunderstood the issue here completely and I need to use a completely different bit of the rather large lens package?

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  • How to use Map element as text of a JComboBox

    - by llm
    I am populating a JComboBox (using addItem()) with all the elements of a collection. Each element in the collection is a HashMap (so its a ComboBox of Hashmaps..). My question is - Given that I need each item to be a HashMap how do I set the text to apear in the combobox on the GUI? It needs to be the value of a certain key in the map. Normally if I am populating a combobox with my own type, I would just overide the toString() method...but I am not sure how to acheive this since I am using a Java HashMap. Any ideas (if possible, without implementing my own HashMap)? Update: It seems like there isn't anyway to avoid having the object int the JComboBox overide toString() if I want custom functionality..I wish there was a way to (1) specify the objects to be loaded into the JComboBox and (2) specify how these objects are to appear in the GUI.

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  • How to profile object creation in Java?

    - by gooli
    The system I work with is creating a whole lot of objects and garbage collecting them all the time which results in a very steeply jagged graph of heap consumption. I would like to know which objects are being generated to tune the code, but I can't figure out a way to dump the heap at the moment the garbage collection starts. When I tried to initiate dumpHeap via JConsole manually at random times, I always got results after GC finished its run, and didn't get any useful data. Any notes on how to track down excessive temporary object creation are welcome.

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  • What's Your favorite f# use? where does f# makes life (a lot) easier (compared to c#)?

    - by luckyluke
    I've skimmed the stack and did not get the overflow as there is probably no such question. I'm just learning f# and I am A seasoned c# and .net dev. I am into financial apps and currently F# helps me a lot with maths calcs like zero finding or minimum finding (although I still want some good maths library there). I see that processing multiple items (files or smth) tends to be easier, but my GUI (web, win) are still c# based. I am in the team of 5 devs and we know that the new tool is out, we are learning it after hours (to pimp ourselves up) but maybe we shouldn't bash the door somebody already opened. So in business apps, whats Your first killer part of soft You would code in F# (if You could and would know IT would be easier, faster, more testable, easier to maintain etc.? Business rules? ImageProcessing? Data processing? hope it's not to subjective. luke

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  • Global Import Aliasing in .NET

    - by Josh Stodola
    Using import aliasing in a single class, we can reference class library namespaces by assigning our own custom alias like this: Imports Db = Company.Lib.Data.Objects And then we are able to reference the classes inside of Company.Lib.Data.Objects by using the Db alias that we assigned. Is it possible to do this at the global level so that the alias is applied to the entire solution instead of the given file? Currently, we are working with web applications, so I was hoping we could add something to web.config, but I am also interested in whether or not this is possible with windows forms, console apps, and/or class libraries.

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  • Garbage Collection in Java

    - by simion
    On the slides I am revising from it says the following: Live objects can be identified either by maintaining a count of the number of references to each object, or by tracing chains of references from the roots. Reference counting is expensive – it needs action every time a reference changes and it doesn’t spot cyclical structures, but it can reclaim space incrementally. Tracing involves identifying live objects only when you need to reclaim space – moving the cost from general access to the time at which the GC runs, typically only when you are out of memory. I understand the principles of why reference counting is expensive but do not understand what "doesn’t spot cyclical structures, but it can reclaim space incrementally." means. Could anyone help me out a little bit please? Thanks

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