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• Is there a way to exclude a specific drive vdi from "snapshots" in VirtualBox?

  - by Graza

  ...or is there another space-efficient way of dealing with the page/swap file of the Guest O/S? I've realised that its quite possible/likely that one of the things which "bloats" the snapshot/diff vdi's when a snapshot is taken is the guest operating system's pagefile. For example, say I have a 2Gb swap-file in a Windows guest OS, and over the course of a few weeks the usage of the swap file has gone over 1Gb a couple of times. When I next create a snapshot, it seems likely that I'd be almost guaranteed around 1Gb of space taken up in the new differencing disk just because of changes in the swap file. Obviously (provided I never did "live" snapshots on running or paused machines, and only ever did them when the machine was shut down), I would not need any of the information in the swap file to be saved. So this would simply be a waste of 1Gb. I'm wondering if there's a way to attach a vdi to a VM and flag it as "exclude from snapshots" - which would mean I could put the swap file on a different vdi which would never be included in a snapshot. Or if anyone has any other suggestions. Or an explanation about why it might not be an issue. I could obviously delete and recreate a swap drive vdi every time I did a snapshot to achieve the same effect, but this is a little more effort than simply clicking "create snapshot"....

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• How to cache authentication in Linux using PAM/Kerberos authentication (for CVS)?

  - by Calonthar

  We have several Linux servers that authenticate Linux user passwords on our Windows Active Directory Server using PAM and Kerberos 5. The Linux distro we use is CentOS 6. On one system, we have several Version Control Systems like CVS and Subversion, both of which authenticate users throug PAM, such that users can use their normal Unix resp. Windows AD accounts. Since we started using Kerberos for password authentication, we experienced that CVS on a client machine is often much slower in establishing a connection. CVS authenticates the user on every request (eg. cvs diff, log, update...). Is is possible to cache the credentials that kerberos uses, sucht that is does not need to ask the Windows AD server every time a user executes a cvs action? Our PAM config /etc/pam.d/system-auth looks like the following: auth required pam_env.so auth sufficient pam_unix.so nullok try_first_pass auth requisite pam_succeed_if.so uid >= 500 quiet auth sufficient pam_krb5.so use_first_pass auth required pam_deny.so account required pam_unix.so broken_shadow account sufficient pam_succeed_if.so uid < 500 quiet account [default=bad success=ok user_unknown=ignore] pam_krb5.so account required pam_permit.so password requisite pam_cracklib.so try_first_pass retry=3 password sufficient pam_unix.so md5 shadow nullok try_first_pass use_authtok password sufficient pam_krb5.so use_authtok password required pam_deny.so session optional pam_keyinit.so revoke session required pam_limits.so session [success=1 default=ignore] pam_succeed_if.so service in crond quiet use_uid session required pam_unix.so session optional pam_krb5.so

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• Python not Working in Vim

  - by jdg

  I have a new install of VIM from the automatic windows installer: gvim73_46.exe I have Python 2.7 (32 bit) installed. If I open gvim, and type: :set python? I get E518: Unknown option. If I try typing: :python 'hello' Vim crashes. What could be wrong? Here are the contents of :version in case they are helpful, although python is installed, and it is using Python 2.7. I also checked, and C:\Windows\System32\python27.dll is where it should be... I am really lost here. Does anyone have any ideas as to what is going wrong? VIM - Vi IMproved 7.3 (2010 Aug 15, compiled Oct 27 2010 17:59:02) MS-Windows 32-bit GUI version with OLE support Included patches: 1-46 Compiled by Bram@KIBAALE Big version with GUI. Features included (+) or not (-): +arabic +autocmd +balloon_eval +browse ++builtin_terms +byte_offset +cindent +clientserver +clipboard +cmdline_compl +cmdline_hist +cmdline_info +comments +conceal +cryptv +cscope +cursorbind +cursorshape +dialog_con_gui +diff +digraphs -dnd -ebcdic +emacs_tags +eval +ex_extra +extra_search +farsi +file_in_path +find_in_path +float +folding -footer +gettext/dyn -hangul_input +iconv/dyn +insert_expand +jumplist +keymap +langmap +libcall +linebreak +lispindent +listcmds +localmap -lua +menu +mksession +modify_fname +mouse +mouseshape +multi_byte_ime/dyn +multi_lang -mzscheme +netbeans_intg +ole -osfiletype +path_extra +perl/dyn +persistent_undo -postscript +printer -profile +python/dyn +python3/dyn +quickfix +reltime +rightleft +ruby/dyn +scrollbind +signs +smartindent -sniff +startuptime +statusline -sun_workshop +syntax +tag_binary +tag_old_static -tag_any_white +tcl/dyn -tgetent -termresponse +textobjects +title +toolbar +user_commands +vertsplit +virtualedit +visual +visualextra +viminfo +vreplace +wildignore +wildmenu +windows +writebackup -xfontset -xim -xterm_save +xpm_w32 system vimrc file: "$VIM\vimrc" user vimrc file: "$HOME_vimrc" 2nd user vimrc file: "$VIM_vimrc" user exrc file: "$HOME_exrc" 2nd user exrc file: "$VIM_exrc" system gvimrc file: "$VIM\gvimrc" user gvimrc file: "$HOME_gvimrc" 2nd user gvimrc file: "$VIM_gvimrc" system menu file: "$VIMRUNTIME\menu.vim" Compilation: cl -c /W3 /nologo -I. -Iproto -DHAVE_PATHDEF -DWIN32 -DFEAT_CSCOPE -DFEAT_NETBEANS_INTG -DFEAT_XPM_W32 -DWINVER=0x0400 -D_WIN32_WINNT=0x0400 /Fo.\ObjGOLYHTR/ /Ox /GL -DNDEBUG /Zl /MT -DFEAT_OLE -DFEAT_MBYTE_IME -DDYNAMIC_IME -DFEAT_GUI_W32 -DDYNAMIC_ICONV -DDYNAMIC_GETTEXT -DFEAT_TCL -DDYNAMIC_TCL -DDYNAMIC_TCL_DLL=\"tcl83.dll\" -DDYNAMIC_TCL_VER=\"8.3\" -DFEAT_PYTHON -DDYNAMIC_PYTHON -DDYNAMIC_PYTHON_DLL=\"python27.dll\" -DFEAT_PYTHON3 -DDYNAMIC_PYTHON3 -DDYNAMIC_PYTHON3_DLL=\"python31.dll\" -DFEAT_PERL -DDYNAMIC_PERL -DDYNAMIC_PERL_DLL=\"perl512.dll\" -DFEAT_RUBY -DDYNAMIC_RUBY -DDYNAMIC_RUBY_VER=191 -DDYNAMIC_RUBY_DLL=\"msvcrt-ruby191.dll\" -DFEAT_BIG /Fd.\ObjGOLYHTR/ /Zi Linking: link /RELEASE /nologo /subsystem:windows /LTCG:STATUS oldnames.lib kernel32.lib advapi32.lib shell32.lib gdi32.lib comdlg32.lib ole32.lib uuid.lib /machine:i386 /nodefaultlib gdi32.lib version.lib winspool.lib comctl32.lib advapi32.lib shell32.lib /machine:i386 /nodefaultlib libcmt.lib oleaut32.lib user32.lib /nodefaultlib:python27.lib /nodefaultlib:python31.lib e:\tcl\lib\tclstub83.lib WSock32.lib e:\xpm\lib\libXpm.lib /PDB:gvim.pdb -debug

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• is ksplice production ready?

  - by faultyserver

  I would be interested to hear the serverfault community's experiences with Ksplice in production. Quick blurb from wikipedia: Ksplice is a free and open source extension of the Linux kernel which allows system administrators to apply security patches to a running kernel without having to reboot the operating system. and Ksplice can, without restarting the kernel, apply any source code patch that only needs to modify the kernel code. Unlike other hot update systems, Ksplice takes as input only a unified diff and the original kernel source code, and it updates the running kernel correctly, with no further human assistance required. Additionally, taking advantage of Ksplice does not require any preparation before the system is originally booted (the running kernel does not need to have been specially compiled, for example). In order to generate an update, Ksplice must determine what code within the kernel has been changed by the source code patch. So a few questions: How has the stability been? any odd issues that you have encountered with its 'rebootless live patching' of the kernel? Kernel panics or horror stories? I have been running it on a few test systems and so far its been working as advertised, but I am interested in what other sysadmins experiences have been with Ksplice before going 'all in' and deploying this on our production servers. So, anybody using Kspice in production? update: hmm, not seeing any real activity on this question after a couple of hours (besides some kind upvotes and favs). Maybe to spark some activity I'll also ask a few more questions and see if we can get this discussion going... "If you are aware of Ksplice, is there a reason you are not using it?" "Do you feel its still too bleeding edge, unproven or untested?" "Does Ksplice not fit well within your current patch-management system?" "Do you hate having systems that have long (and secure) uptimes?" ;-)

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• vim coloring for git

  - by kelloti

  I'm on Windows and my vim loads with a terrible colorscheme with vim. The message is blue on black (so I can't see what I'm typing). I need to change the colorscheme, but :colorscheme slate doesn't do anything. :version vim - vi improved 7.3 (2010 aug 15, compiled oct 27 2010 17:51:38) ms-windows 32-bit console version included patches: 1-46 compiled by bram@kibaale big version without gui. features included (+) or not (-): +arabic +autocmd -balloon_eval -browse ++builtin_terms +byte_offset +cindent +clientserver +clipboard +cmdline_compl +cmdline_hist +cmdline_info +comments +conceal +cryptv +cscope +cursorbind +cursorshape +dialog_con +diff +digraphs -dnd -ebcdic +emacs_tags +eval +ex_extra +extra_search +farsi +file_in_path +find_in_path +float +folding -footer +gettext/dyn -hangul_input +iconv/dyn +insert_expand +jumplist +keymap +langmap +libcall +linebreak +lispindent +listcmds +localmap -lua +menu +mksession +modify_fname +mouse -mouseshape +multi_byte +multi_lang -mzscheme -netbeans_intg -osfiletype +path_extra -perl +persistent_undo -postscript +printer -profile -python -python3 +quickfix +reltime +rightleft -ruby +scrollbind +signs +smartindent -sniff +startuptime +statusline -sun_workshop +syntax +tag_binary +tag_old_static -tag_any_white -tcl -tgetent -termresponse +textobjects +title -toolbar +user_commands +vertsplit +virtualedit +visual +visualextra +viminfo +vreplace +wildignore +wildmenu +windows +writebackup -xfontset -xim -xterm_save -xpm_w32 system vimrc file: "$vim\vimrc" user vimrc file: "$home\_vimrc" 2nd user vimrc file: "$vim\_vimrc" user exrc file: "$home\_exrc" 2nd user exrc file: "$vim\_exrc" compilation: cl -c /w3 /nologo -i. -iproto -dhave_pathdef -dwin32 -dfeat_cscope -dwinver=0x0400 -d_win32_winnt=0x0400 /fo.\objc/ /ox /gl -dndebug /zl /mt -ddynamic_iconv -ddynamic_gettext -dfeat_big /fd.\objc/ /zi linking: link /release /nologo /subsystem:console /ltcg:status oldnames.lib kernel32.lib advapi32.lib shell32.lib gdi32.lib comdlg32.lib ole32.lib uuid.lib /machine:i386 /nodefaultlib libcmt.lib user32.lib /pdb:vim.pdb -debug My $HOME\_vimrc looks like colorscheme slate syn on set shiftwidth=2 set tabstop=2 and my $VIM\vimrc is the stock vimrc that comes with the Windows Vim distribution. How do I change my console Vim colorscheme? Especially for Git commits.

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• Backup Exec tape rotation guidelines

  - by HannesFostie

  Hi We use Backup Exec to take care of our backups for our data server, exchange server, and one more set of systems. Each of these 3 is being done on a separate "set" of tapes. Our goal is to be able to roll back a full 2 weeks, with 1 full backup each weekend and differential/incremental backups in between (the difference between the two in our case isn't very big, because the employees mostly use a very similar set of files throughout the week). While playing around with the settings on how to achieve this, we set the time for BE to keep the full backup to 14 days, but because we have too much data this would require manual intervention each time to erase a certain tape and use that. What I would like to know is what kind of guidelines, tricks, tips and general "stuff to think about" you keep in mind when designing your backup schedule. The type of backups (full/diff/incr) isn't of that much importance in our case as it's more or less set in stone. Made this community wiki as it's not a very specific question. Thanks in advance!

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• Why do I need to set up Autologon values in registry twice before it works and can i fix this?

  - by jJack

  Background: As part an automated testing suite I am building, I need to set up Autologon on my virtual machines 'on demand'. By on demand, I mean that I don't want to necessarily pre-configure my VM or any snapshot to have Autologon set up already, for security reasons and also a huge business case. My solution so far: I'm copying a script to the guest machine and then using Sysinternals PsExec to execute it. The script is: reg add "hklm\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\Winlogon" /f /v DefaultUserName /t REG_SZ /d myusername reg add "hklm\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\Winlogon" /f /v DefaultPassword /t REG_SZ /d myfakepassword reg add "hklm\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\Winlogon" /f /v DefaultDomainName /t REG_SZ /d mydomain reg add "hklm\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\Winlogon" /f /v ForceAutoLogon /t REG_SZ /d 1 reg add "hklm\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\Winlogon" /f /v AutoAdminLogon /t REG_SZ /d 1 reg add "hklm\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\Winlogon\AutoLogonChecked" /f /ve /d 1 Note: I don't believe AutoLogonChecked is required for machines post Windows 2000 but I'm doing it just in case for now. Maybe ForceAutoLogon isn't either, not sure yet. The Problem: I see PsExec executes this properly and all the values are in the registry, however when I restart the machine, the user isn't automatically logged on...When I run this a second time then restart the machine, the user is finally logged on. A diff between the registry states shows that the first time I run this, it is missing both the "1" for AutoAdminLogon, and also the DefaultPassword key. The second time I execute it, these values are correctly intact as I intended. So, what is going on here? Is this expected? This post claims in the end that it really all just works (the problem was that a logoff script was setting off the values). Doesn't seem to work for me however.

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• How to handle files that don't need version control in mercurial

  - by richardh

  I am new to mercurial, and for the most part do LaTeX reports and statistical calculations in R using .csv and/or .sqlite files. Re LaTeX, all I really care is the .tex file. Re R, I don't need version control on the .csv or .sqlite files because they are static. When I do 'hg add' for a repo with a .csv and/or .sqlite file, I get a warning like: rev2.sqlite: up to 3070 MB of RAM may be required to manage this file (use 'hg revert rev2.sqlite' to cancel pending addition) So I revert and subsequently use adds like hg add -X *.sqlite. I guess I really have two questions: (1) Should I ignore these warnings? Because these large files are static, can I just add to the repo knowing that the diff files will always be empty and not worry about wasted resources? (2) If I should keep excluding these files from the repo, is there away that I can fix this option? I.E., add to my .hgrc file something that always appends an option like -I *.tex -I *.R to my 'hg add' commands? Thanks!

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• Track kids browsing history even when they know how to clear it manually

  - by Darren Newton

  I have a colleague with two teenage boys (yes, cue cliche's about 'I have this friend see...') He's currently having issues with them browsing pr0n and wants to do a little spying on their browsing (I'm staying clear of the philosophies/ethics on this.) The kids are savvy enough to clear their browsing history when they're done. As I'm his goto for IT he has asked me if there is a way to keep a hold of the browsing history. The family uses Macs, and the kids surf with Safari. I know that browsing history is kept here ~/Library/Safari/History.plist. I figure there should be a way to write either an AppleScript or other script (Python/Ruby/Bash) that can backup this file to a different location (/opt/local/history, etc.) Since the kids know to clear their history when they're done should the file be periodically backed up with something similar to a cron job or something like Hazel? While that could work it seems like it would create a ton of little incremental backups. Or is it possible to 'watch' ~/Library/Safari/History.plist and incrementally add changes to a backup file (saving a diff so to speak) but not lose any data? Any ideas/solutions appreciated. UPDATE/EDIT: Got the word from concerned dad that the oldest uses Firefox on a different PC, so the OpenDNS solution (preferably at the router level) is the best answer so far as it would capture usage for the whole house.

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• Processes spawned by taskset not respecting environment variables

  - by jonesy16

  I've run into an issue where an intel compiler generated program that I'm running with taskset has been putting its temporary files into the working directory instead of /tmp (defined by environment variable TMPDIR). If run by itself, it works correctly. If run with taskset (e.g. taskset -c 0 <program> Then it seems to completely ignore the TMPDIR environment variable. I then verified this by writing a quick bash script as follows: contents of test.sh: #!/bin/bash echo $TMPDIR When run by itself: $ export TMPDIR=/tmp $ test.sh /tmp When run through taskset: $ export TMPDIR=/tmp $ taskset -c 1 test.sh "" Another test. If I export the TMPDIR variable inside of my script and then use taskset to spawn a new process, it doesn't know about that variable: #!/bin/bash export TMPDIR=/tmp taskset -c 1 sh -c export When run, the list of exported variables does not include TMPDIR. It works correctly with any other exported environment variable. If i diff the output of: export and taskset -c 1 bash -c export Then I see that there are 4 changes. The taskset spawned export doesn't have LD_LIBRARY_PATH, NLSPATH (intel compiler variable), SHLVL is 3 instead of 1, and TMPDIR is missing. Can anyone tell me why?

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• What Windows app can sort a huge XML file?

  - by Torben Gundtofte-Bruun

  I have some enormous XML-based configuration files, with 125000 lines in them. The problem is that they are auto-generated by the system I use, and "child" tags are in a random order within their respective parent tag. This means that a diff comparison is impossible. I want to recursively sort all tags within a parent tag by the value in name="". Some parent tags only appear once and don't have a name="" parameter; these should be sorted by the tag name itself. Once the files are sorted like this, they can be compared quite easily using normal tools. We are currently using ExamXML which can match unsorted XML files, but it fails because the files are too big. Is there an application that can do this? (Windows much preferred; Linux only as a last resort) I do not want to dive into development or XSLT jobs. I am thinking that someone must have made a simple sorting tool like this already - I just can't find it using Google. Update: With help from this site, I created a small package that I want to share: XML-Sorter_v0.3.zip Update: Follow-up question here.

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• Rackspace Ubuntu 12.04 server stuck in initramfs after kernel upgrade

  - by Znarkus

  Can't boot after I did a aptitude full-upgrade and let it update menu.lst (did a diff first and it looked good). This is what I've done so far in the BusyBox shell: mkdir /tmp/xvda1 mount /dev/xvda1 /tmp/xvda1 chroot /dev/xvda1 nano /boot/grub/menu.lst This file looks like this: title Ubuntu 12.04.1 LTS, kernel 3.2.0-31-virtual root(hd0,0) kernel /boot/vmlinuz-3.2.0-31-virtual root=UUID=/dev/xvda1 ro quiet splash initrd /boot/initrd.img-3.2.0-31-virtual title Ubuntu 12.04.1 LTS, kernel 3.2.0-31-virtual (recovery mode) root(hd0,0) kernel /boot/vmlinuz-3.2.0-31-virtual root=UUID=/dev/xvda1 ro single initrd /boot/initrd.img-3.2.0-31-virtual titleUbuntu 12.04.1 LTS, kernel 3.2.0-24-virtual root(hd0,0) kernel/boot/vmlinuz-3.2.0-24-virtual root=UUID=/dev/xvda1 ro quiet splash initrd/boot/initrd.img-3.2.0-24-virtual titleUbuntu 12.04.1 LTS, kernel 3.2.0-24-virtual (recovery mode) root(hd0,0) kernel/boot/vmlinuz-3.2.0-24-virtual root=UUID=/dev/xvda1 ro single initrd/boot/initrd.img-3.2.0-24-virtual titleUbuntu 12.04.1 LTS, kernel 3.2.0-24-generic root(hd0,0) kernel/boot/vmlinuz-3.2.0-24-generic root=UUID=/dev/xvda1 ro quiet splash initrd/boot/initrd.img-3.2.0-24-generic titleUbuntu 12.04.1 LTS, kernel 3.2.0-24-generic (recovery mode) root(hd0,0) kernel/boot/vmlinuz-3.2.0-24-generic root=UUID=/dev/xvda1 ro single initrd/boot/initrd.img-3.2.0-24-generic titleChainload into GRUB 2 root(hd0,0) kernel/boot/grub/core.img titleUbuntu 12.04.1 LTS, memtest86+ root(hd0,0) kernel/boot/memtest86+.bin From what I remember, the upgrade added the UUID= string. Should I remove these? Or rather, how do I get my system back online again? Thanks. Update: Seems like I can't even edit the file. [ Error writing /boot/grub/menu.lst: Read-only file system ]

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• How can I measure actual memory usage from my running processes?

  - by NullUser

  I have two servers, server1 and server2. Both of them are identical HP blades, running the exact same OS (RHEL 5.5). Here's the output of free for both of them: ### server1: total used free shared buffers cached Mem: 8017848 2746596 5271252 0 212772 1768800 -/+ buffers/cache: 765024 7252824 Swap: 14188536 0 14188536 ### server2: total used free shared buffers cached Mem: 8017848 4494836 3523012 0 212724 3136568 -/+ buffers/cache: 1145544 6872304 Swap: 14188536 0 14188536 If I understand correctly, server2 is using significantly more memory for disk I/O caching, which still counts as memory used. But both are running the same OS and if I remember correctly, I configured both with the same parameters when they were installed. I did a diff on /etc/sysctl.conf and they are identical. The problem is, I am collecting memory usage and other metrics over a period of time, (eg: vmstat, iostat, etc.) while a load is generated on the system. The memory used for caching is throwing off my calculations on the results. How can I measure actual memory usage from my running processes, rather than system usage? Is used - (buffers + cached) a valid way to measure this?

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• SSH agent forwarding on debian squeeze

  - by nfvindaloo

  Im trying to set up SSH forwarding like this osx debianA debianB I can connect to debianA fine, using ssh -A and it has the following env vars when i do: SSH_AGENT_PID=1543 SSH_AUTH_SOCK=/tmp/ssh-giwdYY1542/agent.1542 SSH_CLIENT='92.233.199.x 38954 22' SSH_CONNECTION='92.233.199.x 38954 108.171.179.x 22' SSH_TTY=/dev/pts/0 When i try to connect to debianB, the agent is not used! ssh -v output ends with: debug1: SSH2_MSG_SERVICE_REQUEST sent debug1: SSH2_MSG_SERVICE_ACCEPT received debug1: Authentications that can continue: publickey,password debug1: Next authentication method: publickey debug1: Trying private key: /home/nic/.ssh/id_rsa debug1: Trying private key: /home/nic/.ssh/id_dsa debug1: Next authentication method: password Then im asked for a password. I have not set any ForwardAgent no directives in ssh_config and dont have a .ssh/config at all. sshd_config has not got AllowAgentForwarding in it. I have tried all of these directives as yes also. debianA and debianB both have identical ssh_config and sshd_config (verified with diff) so the really weird thing is connecting OSX debianB debianA works fine!! Im totally out of ideas! Has anyone come across this before? Cheers! NFV

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• How to handle files that don't need version control in mercurial

  - by richardh

  I am new to mercurial, and for the most part do LaTeX reports and statistical calculations in R using .csv and/or .sqlite files. Re LaTeX, all I really care is the .tex file. Re R, I don't need version control on the .csv or .sqlite files because they are static. When I do 'hg add' for a repo with a .csv and/or .sqlite file, I get a warning like: rev2.sqlite: up to 3070 MB of RAM may be required to manage this file (use 'hg revert rev2.sqlite' to cancel pending addition) So I revert and subsequently use adds like hg add -X *.sqlite. I guess I really have two questions: (1) Should I ignore these warnings? Because these large files are static, can I just add to the repo knowing that the diff files will always be empty and not worry about wasted resources? (2) If I should keep excluding these files from the repo, is there away that I can fix this option? I.E., add to my .hgrc file something that always appends an option like -I *.tex -I *.R to my 'hg add' commands? Thanks!

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• Why would the Apache parent process restart silently?

  - by miracle

  I run apache 2.2.9 with mpm prefork on debian lenny. Following http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.2/mod/prefork.html, I would expect that there is one parent process, running as root and listening as configured, which would start child processes as defined by the Min/Max/etc. directives. I expect the children to be restarted as per MaxRequestsPerChild, but the parent process to stay put with one process id until I restart it manually. Out of a little paranoia, I started monitoring listening ports including process ids. I have a cron job every 20 minutes to run netstat -ap | grep LISTEN and diff the output. Sometimes (about once per day) I see a series of this: 8c8 < tcp6 0 0 [::]:www [::]:* LISTEN 6194/apache2 --- tcp6 0 0 [::]:www [::]:* LISTEN 6607/apache2 10c10 < tcp6 0 0 [::]:https [::]:* LISTEN 6194/apache2 --- tcp6 0 0 [::]:https [::]:* LISTEN 6607/apache2 Over a period of an hour or three, the parent would change its pid at least once every 20 minutes, without any explanation in the log files or any other hint that anything is going wrong. This is not what I expected. What am I missing?

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• Can I host multiple sites with one Amazon EC2 instance [duplicate]

  - by user22

  This question already has an answer here: Can you help me with my capacity planning? 2 answers I currently have VPS server and I pay around $75 per month and I get: 40GB HD 2Gb RAM 100GB BW 6 core cpu (but i dont use much) I have only one live website running and traffic is only max 100 user visit per day. I mostly do the my testing stuff and some of my inter sites for playing with coding. But I do need one server. I am thinking of moving to Amazon EC2 if the price diff is not so much because then I can learn some more stuff. I am thinking of getting the 3 years Heavy utilization Reserved instance because my server will be running all day and night. I tried their online caluclator with Medium Instance Heavy reserved for 3 years for EC2 it comes $31 per month(effective price) and for EBS and S3 , I think even if thats it $40 for all other stuff. I will be at no loss for what I am getting at present. Am i correct or I missed something?? Now In my current VPS I have Apache for PHP sites and MOD wsgi for python sites. I am not sure if I will be able to do all that stuff in Amazon EC2. Can I host python and PHP sites both in Amazon EC2 instance using Named Virtual Hosts and Ngnix

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• Reconciling the Boy Scout Rule and Opportunistic Refactoring with code reviews

  - by t0x1n

  I am a great believer in the Boy Scout Rule: Always check a module in cleaner than when you checked it out." No matter who the original author was, what if we always made some effort, no matter how small, to improve the module. What would be the result? I think if we all followed that simple rule, we'd see the end of the relentless deterioration of our software systems. Instead, our systems would gradually get better and better as they evolved. We'd also see teams caring for the system as a whole, rather than just individuals caring for their own small little part. I am also a great believer in the related idea of Opportunistic Refactoring: Although there are places for some scheduled refactoring efforts, I prefer to encourage refactoring as an opportunistic activity, done whenever and wherever code needs to cleaned up - by whoever. What this means is that at any time someone sees some code that isn't as clear as it should be, they should take the opportunity to fix it right there and then - or at least within a few minutes Particularly note the following excerpt from the refactoring article: I'm wary of any development practices that cause friction for opportunistic refactoring ... My sense is that most teams don't do enough refactoring, so it's important to pay attention to anything that is discouraging people from doing it. To help flush this out be aware of any time you feel discouraged from doing a small refactoring, one that you're sure will only take a minute or two. Any such barrier is a smell that should prompt a conversation. So make a note of the discouragement and bring it up with the team. At the very least it should be discussed during your next retrospective. Where I work, there is one development practice that causes heavy friction - Code Review (CR). Whenever I change anything that's not in the scope of my "assignment" I'm being rebuked by my reviewers that I'm making the change harder to review. This is especially true when refactoring is involved, since it makes "line by line" diff comparison difficult. This approach is the standard here, which means opportunistic refactoring is seldom done, and only "planned" refactoring (which is usually too little, too late) takes place, if at all. I claim that the benefits are worth it, and that 3 reviewers will work a little harder (to actually understand the code before and after, rather than look at the narrow scope of which lines changed - the review itself would be better due to that alone) so that the next 100 developers reading and maintaining the code will benefit. When I present this argument my reviewers, they say they have no problem with my refactoring, as long as it's not in the same CR. However I claim this is a myth: (1) Most of the times you only realize what and how you want to refactor when you're in the midst of your assignment. As Martin Fowler puts it: As you add the functionality, you realize that some code you're adding contains some duplication with some existing code, so you need to refactor the existing code to clean things up... You may get something working, but realize that it would be better if the interaction with existing classes was changed. Take that opportunity to do that before you consider yourself done. (2) Nobody is going to look favorably at you releasing "refactoring" CRs you were not supposed to do. A CR has a certain overhead and your manager doesn't want you to "waste your time" on refactoring. When it's bundled with the change you're supposed to do, this issue is minimized. The issue is exacerbated by Resharper, as each new file I add to the change (and I can't know in advance exactly which files would end up changed) is usually littered with errors and suggestions - most of which are spot on and totally deserve fixing. The end result is that I see horrible code, and I just leave it there. Ironically, I feel that fixing such code not only will not improve my standings, but actually lower them and paint me as the "unfocused" guy who wastes time fixing things nobody cares about instead of doing his job. I feel bad about it because I truly despise bad code and can't stand watching it, let alone call it from my methods! Any thoughts on how I can remedy this situation ?

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• Can't boot in Ubuntu after windows upgrade

  - by VanceAnce

  After my lastest update for Ubuntu and Windows XP, I got a Grub error on booting the next day. ls lists the following (without () ): sd0 sd1, msdos sd2 sd5 sd6 When I tried to get into one with (sd0,xy)/ it doesn't detect system or unknown file system error. I tried to boot to a live session with a Knoppix live CD and found out that all data exists. I also tried to recover with TestDisk and it finds all systems. Here is the test disk result: Start End Size in sectors 1 * HPFS - NTFS 0 1 1 7079 254 63 113740137 2 E extended LBA 7080 0 1 12161 254 63 81642330 5 L HPFS - NTFS 7080 1 1 10266 254 63 51199092 [Schule] X extended 12031 30 1 12161 254 63 2102625 6 L Linux Swap 12031 31 33 12161 254 63 2102530 I've 1 winxp-home, 1x Ubuntu (ext3+swap) and 1 winxp prof and then I wrote on mbr with TestDisk but I always get the same errors with Grub. What should I do? I need both XP and Ubuntu. Help me please. more infos in answers below - sry for thos confusing style but im working on diff live system and browsers and have to reboot always the boot info script output is also down below maybe an advanced user can correct my fail posting - after i can solve my issuse i will register here thanx and pls help me with those weired issues ! as i still cant just comment my own answer or those on top i again has to put it here as a sepperate answer..... (or even edit - maybe an browser failur using the live cds ... cause this posti can edit) here the bootinfo script output - but the result is the same as with TestDisk ... but it looks worse - cause it also doesnt detect my old ubuntu ... but there wasnt a eares process or overwrite process visibile ending the last working session output: Boot Info Script 0.61 [1 April 2012] ============================= Boot Info Summary: =============================== = Syslinux MBR (4.04 and higher) is installed in the MBR of /dev/sda. sda1: __________________________________________ File system: ntfs Boot sector type: Windows XP: NTFS Boot sector info: No errors found in the Boot Parameter Block. Operating System: Windows XP Boot files: /boot.ini /ntldr /NTDETECT.COM sda2: __________________________________________ File system: Extended Partition Boot sector type: - Boot sector info: sda5: __________________________________________ File system: ntfs Boot sector type: Windows XP: NTFS Boot sector info: According to the info in the boot sector, sda5 starts at sector 63. Operating System: Windows XP Boot files: sda6: __________________________________________ File system: swap Boot sector type: - Boot sector info: ============================ Drive/Partition Info: ============================= Drive: sda _______________________________________ Disk /dev/sda: 100.0 GB, 100030242816 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 12161 cylinders, total 195371568 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Partition Boot Start Sector End Sector # of Sectors Id System /dev/sda1 * 63 113,740,199 113,740,137 7 NTFS / exFAT / HPFS /dev/sda2 113,740,200 195,382,529 81,642,330 f W95 Extended (LBA) /dev/sda5 113,740,263 164,939,354 51,199,092 7 NTFS / exFAT / HPFS /dev/sda6 193,280,000 195,382,529 2,102,530 82 Linux swap / Solaris /dev/sda2 ends after the last sector of /dev/sda /dev/sda6 ends after the last sector of /dev/sda "blkid" output: ____________________________________ Device UUID TYPE LABEL /dev/loop0 squashfs /dev/sda1 6596D86768011128 ntfs /dev/sda5 1300D3B7744EC141 ntfs Schule /dev/sda6 5b95f2a1-4145-43a5-ac51-41d7dd32b213 swap ================================ Mount points: ================================= Device Mount_Point Type Options /dev/loop0 /rofs squashfs (ro,noatime) /dev/sr0 /cdrom iso9660 (ro,noatime) ================================ sda1/boot.ini: ================================ [boot loader] timeout=30 default=multi(0)disk(0)rdisk(0)partition(1)\WINDOWS [operating systems] multi(0)disk(0)rdisk(0)partition(1)\WINDOWS="Microsoft Windows XP Home Edition" /fastdetect /NoExecute=OptOut multi(0)disk(0)rdisk(0)partition(2)\WINDOWS="Microsoft Windows XP Professional" /fastdetect [spybotsd] timeout.old=30 the last part shows that i now use the windows boot loader so that i can acces at least one OS but shouldnt i also get acces to my ubuntu partitions with live-linux-cds ? or do i have to boot with grub to get to those files only ??

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• Utility to Script SQL Server Configuration

  - by Bill Graziano

  I wrote a small utility to script some key SQL Server configuration information. I had two goals for this utility: Assist with disaster recovery preparation Identify configuration changes I’ve released the application as open source through CodePlex. You can download it from CodePlex at the Script SQL Server Configuration project page. The application is a .NET 2.0 console application that uses SMO. It writes its output to a directory that you specify.  Disaster Planning ScriptSqlConfig generates scripts for logins, jobs and linked servers.  It writes the properties and configuration from the instance to text files. The scripts are designed so they can be run against a DR server in the case of a disaster. The properties and configuration will need to be manually compared. Each job is scripted to its own file. Each linked server is scripted to its own file. The linked servers don’t include the password if you use a SQL Server account to connect to the linked server. You’ll need to store those somewhere secure. All the logins are scripted to a single file. This file includes windows logins, SQL Server logins and any server role membership.  The SQL Server logins are scripted with the correct SID and hashed passwords. This means that when you create the login it will automatically match up to the users in the database and have the correct password. This is the only script that I programmatically generate rather than using SMO. The SQL Server configuration and properties are scripted to text files. These will need to be manually reviewed in the event of a disaster. Or you could DIFF them with the configuration on the new server. Configuration Changes These scripts and files are all designed to be checked into a version control system.  The scripts themselves don’t include any date specific information. In my environments I run this every night and check in the changes. I call the application once for each server and script each server to its own directory.  The process will delete any existing files before writing new ones. This solved the problem I had where the scripts for deleted jobs and linked servers would continue to show up.  To see any changes I just need to query the version control system to show many any changes to the files. Database Scripting Utilities that script database objects are plentiful.  CodePlex has at least a dozen of them including one I wrote years ago. The code is so easy to write it’s hard not to include that functionality. This functionality wasn’t high on my list because it’s included in a database backup.  Unless you specify the /nodb option, the utility will script out many user database objects. It will script one object per file. It will script tables, stored procedures, user-defined data types, views, triggers, table types and user-defined functions. I know there are more I need to add but haven’t gotten around it yet. If there’s something you need, please log an issue and get it added. Since it scripts one object per file these really aren’t appropriate to recreate an empty database. They are really good for checking into source control every night and then seeing what changed. I know everyone tells me all their database objects are in source control but a little extra insurance never hurts. Conclusion I hope this utility will help a few of you out there. My goal is to have it script all server objects that aren’t contained in user databases. This should help with configuration changes and especially disaster recovery.

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• The HTTP verb POST used to access path '/' is not allowed.

  - by Ryan

  The entire error: Server Error in '/' Application. The HTTP verb POST used to access path '/' is not allowed. Description: An unhandled exception occurred during the execution of the current web request. Please review the stack trace for more information about the error and where it originated in the code. Exception Details: System.Web.HttpException: The HTTP verb POST used to access path '/' is not allowed. Source Error: An unhandled exception was generated during the execution of the current web request. Information regarding the origin and location of the exception can be identified using the exception stack trace below. Stack Trace: [HttpException (0x80004005): The HTTP verb POST used to access path '/' is not allowed.] System.Web.DefaultHttpHandler.BeginProcessRequest(HttpContext context, AsyncCallback callback, Object state) +2871966 System.Web.CallHandlerExecutionStep.System.Web.HttpApplication.IExecutionStep.Execute() +8679410 System.Web.HttpApplication.ExecuteStep(IExecutionStep step, Boolean& completedSynchronously) +155 To be honest, I'm not even sure where the error came from. I'm running Visual Studio 2008 through the Virtual Server. I just put a button: <asp:Button ID="btnRegister" runat="server" Text="Register" CssClass="bt_register" onclick="btnRegister_Click" /> On a login user control, the onclick event is just a simple response.redirect Response.Redirect("~/register.aspx"); Debugging the project, it isn't even hitting the btnRegister_Click method anyway. I'm not sure where to even begin with debugging this error. Any information will help. I can post all the code I have, but like I said, I'm not sure where this error is even being thrown at. Edit It has nothing at all to do with the button click event. I got rid of the method and the onclick parameter on the aspx page. Still coming up with the same error problem found Okay so this is for a school project and its a group project. Some one in my group thought it would be a good idea to wrap a form tag around this area telling it to post. Found it doing a diff with a revision on Google code.

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• Xcode: Unable to open project... cannot be opened because the project file cannot be parsed...

  - by Chris Butler

  Hi everyone. I have been working for a while to create an iPhone app. Today when my battery was low, I was working and constantly saving my source files then the power went out... Now when I plugged my computer back in and it is getting good power I try to open my project file and I get an error: "Unable to Open Project Project ... cannot be opened because the project file cannot be parsed." Is there a way that people know of that I can recover from this? I tried using an older project file and re inserting it and then compiling. It gives me a funky error which is probably because it isn't finding all the files it wants... I really don't want to rebuild my project from scratch if possible. Thanks in advance. EDIT Ok, I did a diff between this and a slightly older project file that worked and saw that there was some corruption in the file. After merging them (the good and newest parts) it is now working. Great points about the SVN. I have one, but there has been some funkiness trying to sync XCode with it. I'll definitely spend more time with it now... ;-) Thanks for everyone's comments and suggestions.

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• Can I convert an ASCII MD5 hashed password into a Unicode MD5 hashed password?

  - by Jimmy Moo Moo

  Hello, I'm looking for help to convert an ASCII MD5 hashed password into a Unicode MD5 hashed password? For example, I'll use the string "password" . When it's converted to an ascii byte array, I get a base64 encoded hash of X03MO1qnZdYdgyfeuILPmQ== When it's converted into a unicode byte array, I get a base64 encoded hash of sIHb6F4ew//D1OfQInQAzQ== All my passwords are stored in an md5 hash that was applied to an ascii byte array, but I'm trying to migrate my application's user data to a system that stores password in an md5 hash that is applied a unicode byte array. In case it's not clear, with the following C#code: var passwordBytes = Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes("password"); var hashAlgorithm = HashAlgorithm.Create("MD5"); var hashBytes = hashAlgorithm.ComputeHash(passwordBytes); My current system uses this, but the system I'm moving to has a diff first time. It usese Encoding.Unicode.GetBytes. Does anybody know how I can convert my passwords? From X03MO1qnZdYdgyfeuILPmQ== into sIHb6F4ew//D1OfQInQAzQ== I'm guessing the answer is that I can't.. the encoding is being done before the hashing, but I thought I'd inquire the bright minds of stackoverflow and see if anybody has a way.

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• gcc: Do I need -D_REENTRANT with pthreads?

  - by stefanB

  On Linux (kernel 2.6.5) our build system calls gcc with -D_REENTRANT. Is this still required when using pthreads? How is it related to gcc -pthread option? I understand that I should use -pthread with pthreads, do I still need -D_REENTRANT? On a side note, is there any difference that you know off between the usage of REENTRANT between gcc 3.3.3 and gcc 4.x.x ? When I use -pthread gcc option I can see that _REENTRANT gets defined. Will omitting -D_REENTRANT from command line make any difference, for example could some objects be compiled without multithreaded support and then linked into binary that uses pthreads and will cause problems? I assume it should be ok just to use: g++ -pthread > echo | g++ -E -dM -c - > singlethreaded > echo | g++ -pthread -E -dM -c - > multithreaded > diff singlethreaded multithreaded 39a40 > #define _REENTRANT 1 We're compiling multiple static libraries and applications that link with the static libraries, both libraries and application use pthreads. I believe it was required at some stage in the past but want to know if it is still required. Googling hasn't returned any recent information mentioning -D_REENTRANT with pthreads. Could you point me to links or references discussing the use in recent version of kernel/gcc/pthread? Clarification: At the moment we're using -D_REENTRANT and -lpthread, I assume I can replace them with just g++ -pthread, looking at man gcc it sets the flags for both preprocessor and linker. Any thoughts?

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• Not able to save extjs combo using grails controller

  - by abhi

  Hi all, I am a newbie to grails/extjs I am developing a web based config tool for my team .My issue is with comboboxes of extjs I have three remote comboxes(many to one hibernate mappng).I am using hiddenName to submit its value field(which is id primay key of database) instead of its display field which is name which i get by rendering it as json.some how I see that if I select diff index other than which is loaded from db and try updating it.it definitely sends it as params but in save method of grails its not updated. I want to understand Why? I have pasted snippetof both combobox and grails method? { xtype : 'combo', id:'cpsServerid', fieldLabel : 'CpsServer', name : 'cpsServer', //hiddenId:'cpsID', hiddenName:'cpsID', store: cpsServerStore, displayField:'NAME', valueField:'ID', editable:true, typeAhead:true, mode:'remote', triggerAction:'all', width:300, autoScroll:true, selected:name, selectOnFocus:true}, GRAILS SAVE def saveApplicationSubscription = { println "saveApplicationSubscription, params = $params" ApplicationSubscription subscription if (params.id) { subscription = ApplicationSubscription.get(params.id as int) subscription.cpsServer = CpsServer.get(params.cpsID as int) subscription.topic = params.topic subscription.description = params.description subscription.subscriberApplication = SubscriberApplication.get(params.subAppID as int) subscription.outputQueue = OutputQueue.get(params.outputID as int) bindData(subscription , params) } else { params.id = 0 subscription = new ApplicationSubscription(params) subscription.id = params.id as int subscription.cpsServer = CpsServer.get(params.cpsID as int ) subscription.topic = params.topic subscription.description = params.description subscription.subscriberApplication = SubscriberApplication.get(params.subAppID as int) subscription.outputQueue = OutputQueue.get(params.outputID as int) // subscription.messageFormat = params.messageFormat } if (subscription.save()) { log.info("Saved ApplicationSubscription $subscription") render([success: true] as JSON) } else { log.info("Failed to save ApplicationSubscription $subscription, errors = ${subscription.errors}") render([success: false, errors: subscription.errors] as JSON) } } I would really apperciate any help

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