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• Use `dd` linux program to save / recover a disk's MBR

  - by Graduate

  I have an Ubuntu OS installed on my laptop. I want to install Windows 7 as well to another disk partition (I will do it by recovering it from a special partition on my laptop). After installing Windows, I want to recover my hard drive MBR to be able to load Ubuntu. I have a plan to use linux dd program: 1) (Before installing, perform this command in Linux) dd if=/dev/sda of=/home/user/mbr_backup bs=512 count=1 2) (after installing, load Ubuntu Live CD and launch this) dd if=/home/user/mbr_backup of=/dev/sda bs=512 count=1 3) Load Ubuntu on PC and re-configure the GRUB2 to be able start Windows I need your advice, I want to be sure I won't damage the disk (it's partition table).

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• Monitoring disk block access in Linux

  - by VoidPointer

  Is there a way to gather statistics about blocks being accessed on a disk? I have a scenario where a task is both memory and I/O intensive and I need to find a good balance as to how much of the available RAM I can assign to the process and how much I should leave for the system for building its I/O cache for the block device being used. I suspect that most of the I/O that is currently happening is accessing a rather small subset of the device and that performance could be optimized by increasing the RAM that is available for I/O buffering. Ideally, I would be able to create something like a "heat-map" that shows me which parts of the disk are accessed most of the time.

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• repairing or retrieving video off a cracked disk

  - by Tori Hisey

  My disk has a thin cracked right through the one side. right around the crack it looks like it has water damage but im pretty sure it was caused from the crack. will tape work for this? its a dvd of us in jamaica swimming with dolphins and i havent even watched it yet, it got ruined in my suitcase. If there is no way to repair it, is there somewhere that i can take it so they might be able to somehow get the video off of it and onto another disk? any suggestions would be helpful. Thanks

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• Why is LSHW Only listing one of my two HDDs?

  - by Mark

  I have a 120GB HDD and a 1TB HDD in the system. I installed Ubuntu Server using LVM on the 120GB. After installation I added the 1TB to the existing volume group and added 10GB to /home as a test. My understanding is that lshw is supposed to list hardware. What's the difference here? mark@server:~$ sudo lshw -short -c disk H/W path Device Class Description ========================================================= /0/100/1f.2/0 /dev/sda disk 120GB ST3120026AS /0/100/1f.2/1 /dev/cdrom disk DVD+-RW GH50N /0/1/0.0.0 /dev/sdc disk SCSI Disk /0/1/0.0.1 /dev/sdd disk SCSI Disk /0/1/0.0.2 /dev/sde disk SCSI Disk /0/1/0.0.3 /dev/sdf disk SCSI Disk The 1TB only shows up as a volume, not as a disk. mark@server:~$ sudo lshw -short .... /0/100/1f.2/0 /dev/sda disk 120GB ST3120026AS /0/100/1f.2/0/1 /dev/sda1 volume 476MiB Linux filesystem partition /0/100/1f.2/0/2 /dev/sda2 volume 111GiB Linux LVM Physical Volume partition /0/100/1f.2/1 /dev/cdrom disk DVD+-RW GH50N /0/100/1f.2/0.0.0 /dev/sdb volume 931GiB WDC WD1001FALS-0 Thanks, Mark

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• How to Change and Manually Start and Stop Automatic Maintenance in Windows 8

  - by Lori Kaufman

  Windows 8 has a new feature that allows you to automatically run scheduled daily maintenance on your computer. These maintenance tasks run in the background and include security updating and scanning, Windows software updates, disk defragmentation, system diagnostics, among other tasks. We’ve previously shown you how to automate maintenance in Windows 7, Vista, and XP. Windows 8 maintenance is automatic by default and the performance and energy efficiency has been improved over Windows 7. The program for Windows 8 automatic maintenance is called MSchedExe.exe and it is located in the C:\Windows\System32 directory. We will show you how you can change the automatic maintenance settings in Windows 8 and how you can start and stop the maintenance manually. NOTE: It seems that you cannot turn off the automatic maintenance in Windows 8. You can only change the settings and start and stop it manually. Can Dust Actually Damage My Computer? What To Do If You Get a Virus on Your Computer Why Enabling “Do Not Track” Doesn’t Stop You From Being Tracked

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• Why is the hard drive still full after deleting some files?

  - by julio

  I have a server running Ubuntu Server 12.xx. Today some services stopped and I found some messages about full disk, so I ran df -h: Filesystem Size Used Disp Use% /dev/mapper/ubuntu-root 455G 434G 0 100% / udev 1,7G 4,0K 1,7G 1% /dev tmpfs 689M 4,2M 685M 1% /run none 5,0M 0 5,0M 0% /run/lock none 1,7G 0 1,7G 0% /run/shm /dev/sda1 228M 51M 166M 24% /boot overflow 1,0M 0 1,0M 0% /tmp I tried to delete some files remotely from a Windows computer by right-clicking and choosing "delete", but the hard drive remained full. Is there a Trash folder in Ubuntu Server? What could be happening?

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• Claiming the provisioned storage

  - by gita

  I created a ubuntu server vm with 64GB provisioned storage. I remember that I specified 30GB to be used for the vm. When I do df -h, I get Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/mapper/analysis--db-root<br/> 28G 25G 904M 97% / udev 2.0G 4.0K 2.0G 1% /dev tmpfs 793M 228K 793M 1% /run none 5.0M 0 5.0M 0% /run/lock none 2.0G 0 2.0G 0% /run/shm /dev/sda1 228M 45M 171M 21% /boot The disk is almost full, how can I use my other 30GB from the provisioned storage?

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• AHCI Hotswap in Lucid Server

  - by chong

  Does Lucid support hotswapping of AHCI devices? Is there anything more to it than simply unmounting all filesystems on the drive to be disconnected and plugging in the new disk? 00:1f.2 SATA controller: Intel Corporation 82801IR/IO/IH (ICH9R/DO/DH) 6 port SATA AHCI Controller (rev 02) is the controller I'm working with. BIOS is set to AHCI. I also tried simply unmounting and unplugging. That seemed to work fine. Plugging in a new drive locked up the system. AHCI kernel module is also loaded. I've also looked at the Raid WIKI on kernel.org which talks about hardware requirements for AHCI HotSwapping of disks. My drives and cables all appear to meet the criteria, but most of that info pertains to the electrical side (grounding, etc...).

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• Remove encryption from USB flash drive

  - by Timic

  It all started when I was attempting to format my PNY USB drive because it was full of junk. When it asked me what type of file system, I selected FAT but there was a checkbox below that said "Encrypt" and I accidently checked it and continue. I had no choice but to come up with a passphrase for it, and so I did, thinking I was able to remove that encryption. But after that at Disk Utility I thought I would find a "Remove Encryption" button or something like that but I didn't. I tried formatting it to remove the encryption but it gives me an error: Error Formatting, The device is busy" Detail>>> One or more block devices are holding /dev/sdb/. I am stuck, what should I do?

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• No inodes left error, df -i command says contrary

  - by abhinavkulkarni

  I copied a lot of files in my mounted Windows drive from Ubuntu and I subsequently ran into Error opening file '/media/windows/<some-file-path>': No space left on device error. I checked the output of df -i command to see if I had ran out of inodes for the mounted Windows drive: Filesystem Inodes IUsed IFree IUse% Mounted on /dev/sda5 2363904 504119 1859785 22% / udev 207621 522 207099 1% /dev tmpfs 211487 450 211037 1% /run none 211487 3 211484 1% /run/lock none 211487 7 211480 1% /run/shm none 211487 19 211468 1% /run/user /dev/sda2 458686680 2588876 456097804 1% /media/windows As above output shows, lots of inodes are available for /media/windows drive. I have plenty of disk space left - around 500GB. What's the problem then?

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• How often should saving to disk occur in an automatically saving text editor?

  - by lelandmiller

  I am developing a simple text editor and would like the application to save the text automatically. In other words, the user would never have to press a save button. I have seen other applications that do this, and was wondering how often is it safe to write files to disk? From a user experience standpoint, it seems that the more frequently this happens the better, but I am worried about performance and possible disk wear (especially on writes to SSDs). It seems like the operating system disk caching might help avoid these problems, but I also don't know if its safe to rely on that for an application like this. I was planning on writing the whole document to disk at each save, but this just seems terribly inefficient if the OS ends up writing it to disk to frequently, but relying on program unload may lose data in the case of a crash. Does anyone have any experience dealing with this that might be able to help?

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• Deleted files not increasing available free space on Ubuntu (as reported by df -h)

  - by Homunculus Reticulli

  I am writing data munging scripts (python and bash), to munge data and import large quantities of text files into a database. I am currently in the test phase, so I am generating several K's of files and deleting them (the files consume about 20G of space). After a test run, I delete the files (sometimes without having imported into the database). I notice that there is a steady decrease in the amount of free space on my disk (as reported by df -h). I don't understand this, as I use rm * (in the data directory), and in the cases where I use Nautilus, I empty the Trash bin as well. Similarly, I notice that when I import the data into the (postgresql) database, and then delete the data from the tables using DELETE FROM tablename;, the size consumed in the postgresql data directory does not go down either. Currently, I have lost approximately 200G from hard drive, and I need to reclaim that - but don't know what to do to reclaim it - any ideas?. I am running Ubuntu 10.0.4 LTS + postgresql 8.4

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• How can I use Ubuntu to rescue files from an NTFS drive?

  - by dago

  I reinstalled windows on the laptop of my daughter. Before doing this we made a copy of her music, pictures and so on. Unfortunately, the folder we created for the backup was empty (I checked after I reinstalled windows). Today a miracle happened, as suddenly the data were back but when Itried to copy them to another place thez disappeared again. Checking the drive with disk utility I got the message "filesystem is not clean". Is there a way to recover the data? Preferred solution would be a tool with a gui. The drive I need to repair is formatted in NTFS and is connected via usb to laptop.

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• Installed 11.10 on shared drive, when other partition mounted, HDD shown full

  - by Thebetpet

  I just partitioned a 500GB HDD 50%-50%. I installed ubuntu 11.10 on one half and copied a load of files onto the other. When I don't mount the other partition, it shows I have used 12.1GB and have about 240GB free. The second I mount the other partition, I can't copy any files over and get a disk full message. There is about 10-20GB Free on the other partition. Am I doing something wrong or is this a bug?

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• ImgBurn fails to burn data CD-R disk due to "Layouts do not match" error

  - by 0xAether

  I have a reoccurring problem with the program ImgBurn. Whenever I try and burn anything to a CD-R using ImgBurn it burns just fine, except for when I go and verify the disk. It tells me that the "Layouts do not match". Windows 7 shows the disk as completely blank. Although, I see on the bottom of the disk it has been written to. I can burn ISO files to DVD-R's just fine. This only seems to happen with CD-R's. The CD-R's I'm using are Memorex Cool Colors 52x CD-R's. I have looked on Google, and it seems like I'm not the only one this happens to. Unfortunately, no one is able to provide an explanation. I have included the log file from the last CD I just burnt. If you need anything else to better diagnose this problem, I will gladly provide it. ; //****************************************\\ ; ImgBurn Version 2.5.7.0 - Log ; Monday, 19 November 2012, 16:11:57 ; \\****************************************// ; ; I 16:04:55 ImgBurn Version 2.5.7.0 started! I 16:04:55 Microsoft Windows 7 Ultimate x64 Edition (6.1, Build 7601 : Service Pack 1) I 16:04:55 Total Physical Memory: 4,156,380 KB - Available: 3,317,144 KB I 16:04:55 Initialising SPTI... I 16:04:55 Searching for SCSI / ATAPI devices... I 16:04:56 -> Drive 1 - Info: Optiarc DVD RW AD-7560S SH03 (D:) (SATA) I 16:04:56 Found 1 DVD±RW/RAM! I 16:05:37 Operation Started! I 16:05:37 Source File: C:\Users\Aaron\Desktop\VMware Workstation 9.iso I 16:05:37 Source File Sectors: 223,057 (MODE1/2048) I 16:05:37 Source File Size: 456,820,736 bytes I 16:05:37 Source File Volume Identifier: VMwareWorksta9 I 16:05:37 Source File Volume Set Identifier: 20121119_2102 I 16:05:37 Source File File System(s): ISO9660, Joliet I 16:05:37 Destination Device: [1:0:0] Optiarc DVD RW AD-7560S SH03 (D:) (SATA) I 16:05:37 Destination Media Type: CD-R (Disc ID: 97m17s06f, Moser Baer India) I 16:05:37 Destination Media Supported Write Speeds: 10x, 16x, 20x, 24x I 16:05:37 Destination Media Sectors: 359,847 I 16:05:37 Write Mode: CD I 16:05:37 Write Type: SAO I 16:05:37 Write Speed: 6x I 16:05:37 Lock Volume: Yes I 16:05:37 Test Mode: No I 16:05:37 OPC: No I 16:05:37 BURN-Proof: Enabled W 16:05:37 Write Speed Miscompare! - MODE SENSE: 1,764 KB/s (10x), GET PERFORMANCE: 11,080 KB/s (63x) W 16:05:37 Write Speed Miscompare! - MODE SENSE: 1,764 KB/s (10x), GET PERFORMANCE: 11,080 KB/s (63x) W 16:05:37 Write Speed Miscompare! - MODE SENSE: 1,764 KB/s (10x), GET PERFORMANCE: 11,080 KB/s (63x) W 16:05:37 Write Speed Miscompare! - MODE SENSE: 1,764 KB/s (10x), GET PERFORMANCE: 11,080 KB/s (63x) W 16:05:37 Write Speed Miscompare! - MODE SENSE: 1,764 KB/s (10x), GET PERFORMANCE: 11,080 KB/s (63x) W 16:05:37 Write Speed Miscompare! - Wanted: 1,058 KB/s (6x), Got: 1,764 KB/s (10x) / 11,080 KB/s (63x) W 16:05:37 The drive only supports writing these discs at 10x, 16x, 20x, 24x. I 16:05:38 Filling Buffer... (80 MB) I 16:05:40 Writing LeadIn... I 16:06:07 Writing Session 1 of 1... (1 Track, LBA: 0 - 223056) I 16:06:07 Writing Track 1 of 1... (MODE1/2048, LBA: 0 - 223056) I 16:11:00 Synchronising Cache... I 16:11:18 Exporting Graph Data... I 16:11:18 Graph Data File: C:\Users\Aaron\AppData\Roaming\ImgBurn\Graph Data Files\Optiarc_DVD_RW_AD-7560S_SH03_MONDAY-NOVEMBER-19-2012_4-05_PM_97m17s06f_6x.ibg I 16:11:18 Export Successfully Completed! I 16:11:18 Operation Successfully Completed! - Duration: 00:05:41 I 16:11:18 Average Write Rate: 1,522 KB/s (10.1x) - Maximum Write Rate: 1,544 KB/s (10.3x) I 16:11:18 Cycling Tray before Verify... W 16:11:23 Waiting for device to become ready... I 16:11:47 Device Ready! E 16:11:47 CompareImageFileLayouts Failed! - Session Count Not Equal (1/0) E 16:11:47 Verify Failed! - Reason: Layouts do not match. I 16:11:57 Close Request Acknowledged I 16:11:57 Closing Down... I 16:11:57 Shutting down SPTI... I 16:11:57 ImgBurn closed!

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• Slow disk transfer rate

  - by Nooklez

  I have problem with slow disk transfer rate. It's static files server for our website. I was making backup of data and noticed that tar is very slow. So I did hdparm -t and... hdparm -t /dev/sda3 /dev/sda3: Timing buffered disk reads: 6 MB in 4.70 seconds = 1.28 MB/sec It's low traffic hour now on our site, so huge I/O traffic is not a reason (iotop show less than 1 MB/s). It's RAID10 setup (2x2 SATA drives). Unit UnitType Status %RCmpl %V/I/M Stripe Size(GB) Cache AVrfy ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ u0 RAID-10 OK - - 64K 1396.96 W ON VPort Status Unit Size Type Phy Encl-Slot Model ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ p0 OK u0 698.63 GB SATA 0 - WDC WD7500AADS-00M2 p1 OK u0 698.63 GB SATA 1 - WDC WD7500AADS-00M2 p2 OK u0 698.63 GB SATA 2 - WDC WD7500AADS-00M2 p3 OK u0 698.63 GB SATA 3 - WDC WD7500AADS-00M2 We have recently changed almost all components of server (excluding 3ware controller + disks). And I think problems started since then. Can it be configuration problem or hardware? EDIT: I found something like that in dmesg [166843.625843] irq 16: nobody cared (try booting with the "irqpoll" option) [166843.625846] Pid: 0, comm: swapper Not tainted 3.1.5-gentoo #3 [166843.625847] Call Trace: [166843.625848] <IRQ> [<ffffffff810859d5>] __report_bad_irq+0x35/0xc1 [166843.625856] [<ffffffff81085cec>] note_interrupt+0x165/0x1e1 [166843.625859] [<ffffffff8108445f>] handle_irq_event_percpu+0x16f/0x187 [166843.625861] [<ffffffff810844a9>] handle_irq_event+0x32/0x51 [166843.625863] [<ffffffff8108640b>] handle_fasteoi_irq+0x75/0x99 [166843.625866] [<ffffffff810039d7>] handle_irq+0x83/0x8b [166843.625868] [<ffffffff810036ad>] do_IRQ+0x48/0xa0 [166843.625871] [<ffffffff8155082b>] common_interrupt+0x6b/0x6b [166843.625872] <EOI> [<ffffffff812981e8>] ? acpi_safe_halt+0x22/0x35 [166843.625877] [<ffffffff812981e2>] ? acpi_safe_halt+0x1c/0x35 [166843.625879] [<ffffffff81298216>] acpi_idle_do_entry+0x1b/0x2b [166843.625881] [<ffffffff81298276>] acpi_idle_enter_c1+0x50/0x99 [166843.625884] [<ffffffff813b792a>] cpuidle_idle_call+0xed/0x171 [166843.625886] [<ffffffff81001257>] cpu_idle+0x55/0x81 [166843.625888] [<ffffffff81532a69>] rest_init+0x6d/0x6f [166843.625891] [<ffffffff81aa1aca>] start_kernel+0x329/0x334 [166843.625893] [<ffffffff81aa12a6>] x86_64_start_reservations+0xb6/0xba [166843.625894] [<ffffffff81aa139c>] x86_64_start_kernel+0xf2/0xf9 [166843.625896] handlers: [166843.625898] [<ffffffff812dc8de>] twl_interrupt [166843.625900] Disabling IRQ #16 It's related to problem? EDIT #2: Based on feedback in comments, here is more informations. cat /proc/interrupts 16: 390813 0 0 0 IO-APIC-fasteoi 3w-sas Controller model: [ 1.095350] 3ware Storage Controller device driver for Linux v1.26.02.003. [ 1.095467] 3ware 9000 Storage Controller device driver for Linux v2.26.02.014. [ 1.095641] LSI 3ware SAS/SATA-RAID Controller device driver for Linux v3.26.02.000. [ 1.095787] 3w-sas 0000:01:00.0: PCI INT A -> GSI 16 (level, low) -> IRQ 16 [ 1.095881] 3w-sas 0000:01:00.0: setting latency timer to 64 [ 1.910801] 3w-sas: scsi0: Found an LSI 3ware 9750-4i Controller at 0xfe560000, IRQ: 16. [ 2.216537] 3w-sas: scsi0: Firmware FH9X 5.08.00.008, BIOS BE9X 5.07.00.011, Phys: 8. [ 2.216836] scsi 0:0:0:0: Direct-Access LSI 9750-4i DISK 5.08 PQ: 0 ANSI: 5 And motherboard: description: Motherboard product: P8H67-M vendor: ASUSTeK Computer INC.

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• Vista 64-bit, DISK BOOT FAILURE

  - by weka

  So I have this Acer Aspire AX3200-U3600A with Windows Vista (64-bit). Every night I turn it off and turn it back on in the morning. Around three weeks ago, I did a fresh factory reimage. Good as new. Then around two days ago, when I turned it on, I noticed it was running extremly slow. As in, it would often freeze up while I had multiple applications open when it usually never froze up. So I decided to restart my computer. Big mistake. My computer froze right after I clicked shut-down. I waited a while. Nothing. Waited some minutes. Nope. I decided to shut it down by pressing the power button. Here is where the problems begin. When I turned it back on, I saw the Windows logo and loading bar and then it loaded to black. I turned it off again forcefully by power button and then once more... then I got: AMD Data Change... Update New Data to DMI! then later the screen clears and I get: AHCI Option ROM BIOS Revision: 01.05.92 Date: 02-19-2008 Copyright (c) 2006-2008 Phoenix Technologies, LTD Port 01: Reset Port Error!! Port 02: then the screen clears again but this time, this loads from the bottom: Nvidia Boot Agent 249.0542 (copyright stuff... blah blah) PXE-E61: Media test failure, check cable. PXE-M0F: Exiting Nvidia Boot Agent DISK BOOT FAILURE, INSERT SYSTEM DISK AND PRESS ENTER. So I try to go into Safe Mode. Well, first of all it doesn't load as fast. After it loads disk.sys from windows/drivers, it will wait a while (2-3 mins) THEN load. However it loads the Acer eRecovery Management Tool. I have three options: Reset computer to factory default, Restore computer from user's backup, or Exit. However, the top two options are gray and disabled where as the Exit is in blue and definitely clickable. So obviously safe mode is not there... A strong thing to note: In the beginning when all of this started, I did a Boot Windows Normal from pressing f8 and I got to my desktop! It logged me in. I could see the icons on my files. However my desktop was extremely slow as in when I clicked on the Start menu, it would wait a while, then load up the menu with JUST the gradient, no text or icons... so as you can see... it saw my HDD? Also, before anyone says, I have NO USB plugged in. My mouse and keyboard are not USB inputs, I assure you. And this came without a recovery CD AND when I went in BIOS, to change the BOOT ORDER, I did NOT see a CD-ROM option. And when I tried pressing ALT+F10 to get into Acer eRecovery Management, the top two options were disabled as well. But sometimes on start-up, I get: Windows has encountered a problem communicating with a device connected to your computer. This error can be caused by unplugging a removable storage device such as an external USB drive while the device is in use, or by faulty hardware such as a hard drive or CD-ROM drive that is failing. Make sure any removeable storage is properly connected and then restart your computer. If you continue to receive this error message, contact the hardware manufacturer. Status: 0xc00000e9 Info: An unexpected I/O error has occured. Then I tried Last Known Good Configuration Settings, that gives me a BSOD. What should I do/

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• How to export SQL Server data from corrupted database (with disk write error)

  - by damitamit

  IT realised there was a disk write error on our production SQL Server 2005 and hence was causing the backups to fail. By the time they had realised this the nightly backup was old, so were not able to just restore the backup on another server. The database is still running and being used constantly. However DBCC CheckDB fails. Also the SQL Server backup task fails, Copy Database fails, Export Data Wizard fails. However it seems all the data can be read from the tables (i.e using bcp etc) Another observation I have made is that the Transaction Log is nearly double the size of the Database. (Does that mean all the changes arent being written to the MDF?) What would be the best plan of attack to get the database to a state where backups are working and the data is safe? Take the database offline and use the MDF/LDF to somehow create the database on another sql server? Export the data from the database using bcp. Create the database (use the Generate Scripts function on the corrupt db to create the schema on the new db) on another sql server and use bcp again to import the data. Some other option that is the right course of action in this situation? The IT manager says the data is safe as if the server fails, the data can be restored from the mdf/ldf. I'm not sure so insisted that we start exporting the data each night as a failsafe (using bcp for example). IT are also having issues on the hardware side of things as supposedly the disk error in on a virtualized disk and can't be rebuilt like a normal raid array (or something like that). Please excuse my use of incorrect terminology and incorrect assumptions on how Sql Server operates. I'm the application developer and have been called to help (as it seems IT know less about SQL Server than I do). Many Thanks, Amit Results of DBBC CheckDB: Msg 1823, Level 16, State 2, Line 1 A database snapshot cannot be created because it failed to start. Msg 7928, Level 16, State 1, Line 1 The database snapshot for online checks could not be created. Either the reason is given in a previous error or one of the underlying volumes does not support sparse files or alternate streams. Attempting to get exclusive access to run checks offline. Msg 5030, Level 16, State 12, Line 1 The database could not be exclusively locked to perform the operation. Msg 7926, Level 16, State 1, Line 1 Check statement aborted. The database could not be checked as a database snapshot could not be created and the database or table could not be locked. See Books Online for details of when this behavior is expected and what workarounds exist. Also see previous errors for more details. Msg 823, Level 24, State 3, Line 1 The operating system returned error 1(error not found) to SQL Server during a write at offset 0x00000674706000 in file 'G:\AX40_Dynamics_Live.mdf'. Additional messages in the SQL Server error log and system event log may provide more detail. This is a severe system-level error condition that threatens database integrity and must be corrected immediately. Complete a full database consistency check (DBCC CHECKDB). This error can be caused by many factors; for more information, see SQL Server Books Online.

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• Still about SSD potentials...write and read speed

  - by Macroideal

  HI Gurus, I have been working on SSD(solid state disk) for several months..Problems and Questions hit my head unexpectedly..Coz i am a virgin in ssd... Esp these days i was testing the write-read speed of ssd, which I was always caring.... however result turned out not good as I expected, or even worse Three kinds of read-write were implemented in my test 1. read and write directly from and into ssd, with openning ssd as a whole device. in windows: _open("\\:g", ***).. It can be very tricky and hairy that you'd write a data with size of folds of 512, at the disk position of folds of 512bytes... So, If you wanto write just a byte or 4 bytes, you'v to write at least a whole sector one time. 2. Read and write data from and into files located in SSD... 3. Read and Write data from and into files in mechanical Disk I compared the pratices below...I found ssd sucks...the ssd performs worse than mechanical disk... so i am wondering where i can get the potential performance of ssd, since ssd is said to a substitute for mechanical disk in the future.. Nevertheless, I test ssd with a pro-hard-disk tools..ssd is like twice speedier than mechanical disk. So, why? Thanx very much...If you know tips of ssd...follow me

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• Filesystems for webserver with SATA and Solid State disk,

  - by Jorisslob

  We have just ordered a new webserver with 120 Gb solid state disk and a SATA disk. I am trying to plan ahead what sort of filesystem to use. This system will be running Linux, Apache/Tomcat to host java services. The main service is a system where people can upload reasonably large files (in the order of 100 Mb, images, image stacks and video), which people will be able to annotate and which will be sent to a database server when annotation is complete. Thus far, I plan to put most of the utility programs of the operating system om the SSD and put the large media files there. The SATA disks will hold the less volitile data like apache, tomcat and the servlets. For filesystems I have considered going for the stable EXT3 because I hear that it is best supported. The downside seems to be that it not the ideal choice for large files. That is why I am leaning towards using XFS for the SSD and EXT3 for the SATA. My questions are: 1) Does this sound like a reasonable setup? 2) What filesystems would you recommend for the SSD and for the SATA? Thanks

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• Please insert a disk into SD/MMC - Vista problem [closed]

  - by Naunidh

  Possible Duplicate: Please insert a disk into SD/MMC - Vista problem Hi I tried pushing my 2GB micro SD card using the inbuilt card reader. On clicking the drive I get "Please insert a disk into SD/MMC". This problem is really frustrating. The card works fine on other computers so does the microSD to SD attachment. I have done following o fix. - Updated Vista and installed SP1. - Updated the TI drivers for FlashDrive. - Checked Vaio site for updates (none required). - Added a new entry HKLM\SYSTEM\ControlS* et001\Services\tifm21\Parameters/SDParam=1 took the hint from (http://tinyurl.com/nk33tp) I have restarted the PC multiple times. As soon as I put the card in, the SD/MMC device icon blips, so it seems the hardware is at least detecting something. The card reader was working fine few days back. I guess some windows update has broken something, does any one have any idea on how to proceed. MY laptop is VGN-N365E.

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• Kerberos service on win2k dc will not start following disk failure

  - by iwilson68

  Hi, I have a win2k (mixed mode domain) with 4 DCS. One of these also acts an exchange 2000 server which uses 2 logical volumes from an MSA 2000 array. AD etc is stored on local drives. We experienced a problem last week when the raid array fell back to a redundant controller and this temporarily meant that the two logical drives were not visible to the server for around 5 minutes and a couple of reboots. The log records these Events as Type: Warning Event Source: Disk Event Category: None Event ID: 51 Date: 06/11/2009 Time: 11:46:23 User: N/A Computer: server1 Description: An error was detected on device \Device\Harddisk1\DR1 during a paging operation. Following these problems, the server “kerberos Key Distribution” service refuses to start with an “error.31 a device attached to the system is not functioning”. All other automatic start services (including net logon) are running and there are no DNS issues etc. All devices are also functioning but the two logical MSA disks are now numbered in the Windows Disk Management MMC as 2 and 4 and I suspect that they may have previously been identified as disks 1 & 2 and perhaps windows still sees this as an ongoing failure?? Replication has not been affected but obviously there are many audit failures in the security log relating to users and workstations presumably linked to the Kerberos issue. Attempting to manually start the kerberos service generates the following in the System Log. Event Type: Error Event Source: Service Control Manager Event Category: None Event ID: 7023 Date: 09/11/2009 Time: 09:46:55 User: N/A Computer: Server1 Description: The Kerberos Key Distribution Center service terminated with the following error: A device attached to the system is not functioning. DCDIAG passes all tests except “Advertising” and “Services” which I believe relate directly to the failure of Kerberos only. Any advice would be appreciated.

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• How to transfer Windows Vista disk image to new machine

  - by Mike Hobbs

  I'm trying to upgrade a user's machine to some better hardware. I know of Easy Transfer, but I'd rather not have to reinstall all the programs that are already present. (Some of which are no longer available, anyway). Instead, I'm trying to transfer the entire disk image from one machine to the other, but I ran into issues. If I copy the partition image over to the new machine using Clonezilla, I get errors on boot saying that I need to insert the Vista install disk and run repair. I do that, but it then says that it is unable to repair whatever it is that's broken. Next, I tried to sysprep the old machine before creating the image, but sysprep fails saying that it encountered some sort of system error. Should it be possible to sysprep any arbitrary machine, or does it only work on a relatively clean install? Could it be a missing driver that is tripping me up? The new machine is a fairly stock desktop that shouldn't need any special drivers beyond what's already present in standard Vista. Are there any foolproof methods for doing this sort of thing?

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• Disk IO slow on ESXi, even slower on a VM (freeNAS + iSCSI)

  - by varesa

  I have a server with ESXi 5 and iSCSI attached network storage(4x1Tb Raid-Z on freenas 8.0.4). Those two machines are connected to each other with Gigabit ethernet. The raid-z volume is divided into three parts: two zvols, shared with iscsi, and one directly on top of zfs, shared with nfs and similar. I ssh'd into the freeNAS box, and did some testing on the disks. I used ddto test the third part of the disks (straight on top of ZFS). I copied a 4GB (2x the amount of RAM) block from /dev/zero to the disk, and the speed was 80MB/s. Other of the iSCSI shared zvols is a datastore for the ESXi. I did similar test with time dd .. there. Since the dd there did not give the speed, I divided the amount of data transfered by the time show by time. The result was around 30-40 MB/s. Thats about half of the speed from the freeNAS host! Then I tested the IO on a VM running on the same ESXi host. The VM was a light CentOS 6.0 machine, which was not really doing anything else at that time. There were no other VMs running on the server at the time, and the other two "parts" of the disk array were not used. A similar dd test gave me result of about 15-20 MB/s. That is again about half of the result on a lower level! Of course the is some overhead in raid-z - zfs - zvolume - iSCSI - VMFS - VM, but I don't expect it to be that big. I belive there must be something wrong in my system. I have heard about bad performance of freeNAS's iSCSI, is that it? I have not managed to get any other "big" SAN OS to run on the box (NexentaSTOR, openfiler). Can you see any obvious problems with my setup?

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• How harmful is a hard disk spin cycle?

  - by Gilles

  It is conventional wisdom¹ that each time you spin a hard disk down and back up, you shave some time off its life expectancy. The topic has been discussed before: Is turning off hard disks harmful? What's the effect of standby (spindown) mode on modern hard drives? Common explanations for why spindowns and spinups are harmful are that they induce more stress on the mechanical parts than ordinary running, and that they cause heat variations that are harmful to the device mechanics. Is there any data showing quantitatively how bad a spin cycle is? That is, how much life expectancy does a spin cycle cost? Or, more practically, if I know that I'm not going to need a disk for X seconds, how large should X be to warrant spinning down? ¹ But conventional wisdom has been wrong before; for example, it is commonly held that hard disks should be kept as cool as possible, but the one published study on the topic shows that cooler drives actually fail more. This study is no help here since all the disks surveyed were powered on 24/7.

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