float - Page 33 - Developer IT

Manipulating gl_LightSource[gl_MaxLights]

- by pion

The The OpenGL ® Shading Language Spec version 1.20 http://www.opengl.org/registry/doc/GLSLangSpec.Full.1.20.8.pdf shows the following: struct gl_LightSourceParameters { vec4 ambient; // Acli vec4 diffuse; // Dcli vec4 specular; // Scli vec4 position; // Ppli vec4 halfVector; // Derived: Hi vec3 spotDirection; // Sdli float spotExponent; // Srli float spotCutoff; // Crli // (range: [0.0,90.0], 180.0) float spotCosCutoff; // Derived: cos(Crli) // (range: [1.0,0.0],-1.0) float constantAttenuation; // K0 float linearAttenuation; // K1 float quadraticAttenuation;// K2 }; uniform gl_LightSourceParameters gl_LightSource[gl_MaxLights]; Also, http://www.lighthouse3d.com/opengl/glsl/index.php?ogldir1 shows the following code snippets: lightDir = normalize(vec3(gl_LightSource[0].position)); https://cvs.khronos.org/svn/repos/registry/trunk/public/webgl/doc/spec/WebGL-spec.html#5.10 shows many uniform* functions but nothing seems to deal with an array of uniform variable like gl_LightSource[0]. How do we set the gl_LightSource[0] fields in WebGL using JavaScript? For example, gl_LightSource[0].position Thanks in advance for your help. Note: Cross post on http://www.khronos.org/message_boards/viewtopic.php?f=43&t=3373

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Using SurfaceFormat.Single and HLSL for GPGPU with XNA

- by giancarlo todone

I'm trying to implement a so-called ping-pong technique in XNA; you basically have two RenderTarget2D A and B and at each iteration you use one as texture and the other as target - and vice versa - for a quad rendered through an HLSL pixel shader. step1: A--PS--B step2: B--PS--A step3: A--PS--B ... In my setup, both RenderTargets are SurfaceFormat.Single. In my .fx file, I have a tachnique to do the update, and another to render the "current buffer" to the screen. Before starting the "ping-pong", buffer A is filled with test data with SetData<float>(float[]) function: this seems to work properly, because if I render a quad on the screen through the "Draw" pixel shader, i do see the test data being correctly rendered. However, if i do update buffer B, something does not function proerly and the next rendering to screen will be all black. For debug purposes, i replaced the "Update" HLSL pixel shader with one that should simply copy buffer A into B (or B into A depending on which among "ping" and "pong" phases we are...). From some examples i found on the net, i see that in order to correctly fetch a float value from a texture sampler from HLSL code, i should only need to care for the red channel. So, basically the debug "Update" HLSL function is: float4 ComputePS(float2 inPos : TEXCOORD0) : COLOR0 { float v1 = tex2D(bufSampler, inPos.xy).r; return float4(v1,0,0,1); } which still doesn't work and results in a all-zeroes ouput. Here's the "Draw" function that seems to properly display initial data: float4 DrawPS(float2 inPos : TEXCOORD0) : COLOR0 { float v1 = tex2D(bufSampler, inPos.xy).r; return float4(v1,v1,v1,1); } Now: playing around with HLSL doesn't change anything, so maybe I'm missing something on the c# side of this, so here's the infamous Update() function: _effect.Parameters["bufTexture"].SetValue(buf[_currentBuf]); _graphicsDevice.SetRenderTarget(buf[1 - _currentBuf]); _graphicsDevice.Clear(Color.Black); // probably not needed since RenderTargetUsage is DiscardContents _effect.CurrentTechnique = _computeTechnique; _computeTechnique.Passes[0].Apply(); _quadRender.Render(); _graphicsDevice.SetRenderTarget(null); _currentBuf = 1 - _currentBuf; Any clue?

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How do I draw a scene with 2 nested frames

- by Guido Granobles

I have been trying for long time to figure out this: I have loaded a model from a directx file (I am using opengl and Java) the model have a hierarchical system of nested reference frames (there are not bones). There are just 2 frames, one of them is called x3ds_Torso and it has a child frame called x3ds_Arm_01. Each one of them has a mesh. The thing is that I can't draw the arm connected to the body. Sometimes the body is in the center of the screen and the arm is at the top. Sometimes they are both in the center. I know that I have to multiply the matrix transformation of every frame by its parent frame starting from the top to the bottom and after that I have to multiply every vertex of every mesh by its final transformation matrix. So I have this: public void calculeFinalMatrixPosition(Bone boneParent, Bone bone) { System.out.println("-->" + bone.name); if (boneParent != null) { bone.matrixCombined = bone.matrixTransform.multiply(boneParent.matrixCombined); } else { bone.matrixCombined = bone.matrixTransform; } bone.matrixFinal = bone.matrixCombined; for (Bone childBone : bone.boneChilds) { calculeFinalMatrixPosition(bone, childBone); } } Then I have to multiply every vertex of the mesh: public void transformVertex(Bone bone) { for (Iterator<Mesh> iterator = meshes.iterator(); iterator.hasNext();) { Mesh mesh = iterator.next(); if (mesh.boneName.equals(bone.name)) { float[] vertex = new float[4]; double[] newVertex = new double[3]; if (mesh.skinnedVertexBuffer == null) { mesh.skinnedVertexBuffer = new FloatDataBuffer( mesh.numVertices, 3); } mesh.vertexBuffer.buffer.rewind(); while (mesh.vertexBuffer.buffer.hasRemaining()) { vertex[0] = mesh.vertexBuffer.buffer.get(); vertex[1] = mesh.vertexBuffer.buffer.get(); vertex[2] = mesh.vertexBuffer.buffer.get(); vertex[3] = 1; newVertex = bone.matrixFinal.transpose().multiply(vertex); mesh.skinnedVertexBuffer.buffer.put(((float) newVertex[0])); mesh.skinnedVertexBuffer.buffer.put(((float) newVertex[1])); mesh.skinnedVertexBuffer.buffer.put(((float) newVertex[2])); } mesh.vertexBuffer = new FloatDataBuffer( mesh.numVertices, 3); mesh.skinnedVertexBuffer.buffer.rewind(); mesh.vertexBuffer.buffer.put(mesh.skinnedVertexBuffer.buffer); } } for (Bone childBone : bone.boneChilds) { transformVertex(childBone); } } I know this is not the more efficient code but by now I just want to understand exactly how a hierarchical model is organized and how I can draw it on the screen. Thanks in advance for your help.

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Registering InputListener in libGDX

- by JPRO

I'm just getting started with libGDX and have run into a snag registering an InputListener for a button. I've gone through many examples and this code appears correct to me but the associated callback never triggers ("touched" is not printed to console). I'm just posting the code with the abstract game screen and the implementing screen. The application starts successfully with a label of "Exit" in the bottom left hand corner, but clicking the button/label does nothing. I'm guessing the fix is something simple. What am I overlooking? public abstract class GameScreen<T> implements Screen { protected final T game; protected final SpriteBatch batch; protected final Stage stage; public GameScreen(T game) { this.game = game; this.batch = new SpriteBatch(); this.stage = new Stage(0, 0, true); } @Override public final void render(float delta) { update(delta); // Clear the screen with the given RGB color (black) Gdx.gl.glClearColor(0f, 0f, 0f, 1f); Gdx.gl.glClear(GL20.GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT); stage.act(delta); stage.draw(); } public abstract void update(float delta); @Override public void resize(int width, int height) { stage.setViewport(width, height, true); } @Override public void show() { Gdx.input.setInputProcessor(stage); } // hide, pause, resume, dipose } public class ExampleScreen extends GameScreen<MyGame> { private TextButton exitButton; public ExampleScreen(MyGame game) { super(game); } @Override public void show() { super.show(); TextButton.TextButtonStyle buttonStyle = new TextButton.TextButtonStyle(); buttonStyle.font = Font.getFont("Origicide", 32); buttonStyle.fontColor = Color.WHITE; exitButton = new TextButton("Exit", buttonStyle); exitButton.addListener(new InputListener() { @Override public void touchUp (InputEvent event, float x, float y, int pointer, int button) { System.out.println("touched"); } }); stage.addActor(exitButton); } @Override public void update(float delta) { } }

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Facebook page design is not working in IE8 [closed]

- by PrateekSaluja

Hello Experts, We have designed a face book page.It is working fine in all browser including IE7 but it is not working in IE8.We checked then we got if we run our code outside the face book page it works in IE8 but when we put our code into face book page its not working.Here is the css code what we are using for IE8. <!--[if lt IE 8]> <style> .nv_a { width:90px; height:27px; float:left; text-align:center; padding-top:8px; } .nvt_a { width:66px; height:27px; float:left; text-align:center; padding-top:8px; } .nv_a a { width:90px; height:27px; float:left; padding-top:8px; text-align:center; color:#000; display:inline-block; text-decoration:none; background-color:#e0e0e0; border-top:solid 1px #999; border-left:solid 1px #999; border-right:solid 1px #999; border-bottom:solid 1px #999; } .nv_a a:hover { width:90px; height:27px; padding-top:8px; float:left; color:#000; text-align:center; background-color:#ccc; } .nvt_a a { width:66px; height:27px; float:left; padding-top:8px; text-align:center; color:#000; display:inline-block; text-decoration:none; background-color:#e0e0e0; border-top:solid 1px #999; border-left:solid 1px #999; border-right:solid 1px #999; border-bottom:solid 1px #999; border:1px solid red; } Please help us to solve the issue.

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Why does my sprite glitch when moving? [closed]

- by rphello101

Using Slick 2D/Java, I'm using the mouse to rotate a sprite and WASD to move it (A and D are used to strafe). I finally got the directional keys and rotation to work in sync, but I'm having problems with sporadic movement. It seems that the move speed is not always set to the value I have it at. Sometimes the sprite with just shoot across the screen. Furthermore, it seems that at 0 degrees, when the left key is pressed, the sprite moves backwards, not to the left. There also seems to be quite a bit of glitching when two keys are pressed, like left and up. Anyone see anything obvious? Here is the rotational code: int mX = Mouse.getX(); int mY = HEIGHT - Mouse.getY(); int pX = sprite.x+sprite.image.getWidth()/2; int pY = sprite.y+sprite.image.getHeight()/2; double mAng; if(mX!=pX){ mAng = Math.toDegrees(Math.atan2(mY - pY, mX - pX)); if(mAng==0 && mX<=pX) mAng=180; } else{ if(mY>pY) mAng=90; else mAng=270; } sprite.angle = mAng; sprite.image.setRotation((float) mAng); Movement code: Input input = gc.getInput(); Vector2f direction = new Vector2f(); Vector2f velocity = new Vector2f(); Vector2f left; Vector2f right; direction.x = (float) Math.cos(Math.toRadians(sprite.angle)); direction.y = (float) Math.sin(Math.toRadians(sprite.angle)); if(direction.length()>0) direction = direction.normalise(); left = new Vector2f(-direction.y, direction.x); right = new Vector2f(direction.y, -direction.x); velocity.x = (float) (direction.x * sprite.moveSpeed); velocity.y = (float) (direction.y * sprite.moveSpeed); if(input.isKeyDown(sprite.up)){ sprite.x += velocity.x*delta; sprite.y += velocity.y*delta; }if (input.isKeyDown(sprite.down)){ sprite.x -= velocity.x*delta; sprite.y -= velocity.y*delta; }if (input.isKeyDown(sprite.left)){ sprite.x += left.x * sprite.moveSpeed * delta; sprite.y += left.y * sprite.moveSpeed * delta; }if (input.isKeyDown(sprite.right)){ sprite.x += right.x * sprite.moveSpeed * delta; sprite.y += right.y * sprite.moveSpeed * delta; }

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Is there a pedagogical game engine?

- by K.G.

I'm looking for a book, website, or other resource that gives modern 3D game engines the same treatment as Operating Systems: Design and Implementation gave operating systems. I have read Jason Gregory's Game Engine Architecture, which I enjoyed. However, by intent the author treated components of the architecture as atomic units, whereas what I'm interested in is the plumbing between those units that makes a coherent whole out of ideally loosely coupled parts. In books such as these, one usually reads that "that's academic," but that's the point! I have also read Julian Gold's Object-oriented Game Development, which likewise was good, but I feel is beginning to show its age. Since even mobile platforms these days are multicore and have fast video memory, those kinds of things (concurrency, display item buffering) would ideally be covered. There are other resources, such as the Doom 3 source code, which is highly instructive for its being a shipped product. The problem with those is as follows: float Q_rsqrt( float number ) { long i; float x2, y; const float threehalfs = 1.5F; x2 = number * 0.5F; y = number; i = * ( long * ) &y; // evil floating point bit level hacking i = 0x5f3759df - ( i >> 1 ); // what the f***? y = * ( float * ) &i; y = y * ( threehalfs - ( x2 * y * y ) ); // 1st iteration // y = y * ( threehalfs - ( x2 * y * y ) ); // 2nd iteration, this can be removed return y; } To wit, while brilliant, this kind of source requires more enlightenment than I can usually muster upon first read. In summary, here's my white whale: For an adult reader with experience in programming. I wish I could save all the trees killed by every. Single. Game Programming book ever devoting the first two chapters to "Now just what is a variable anyway?" In C or C++, very preferably C++. Languages that are more concise are fantastic for teaching, except for when what you want to learn is how to cope with a verbose language. There is also the benefit of the guardrails that C++ doesn't provide, such as garbage collection. Platform agnostic. I'm sincerely afraid that this book is out there and it's Visual C++/DirectX oriented. I'm a Linux guy, and I'd do what it takes, but I would very much like to be able to use OpenGL. Thanks for everything! Before anyone gets on my case about it, Fast inverse square root was from Quake III Arena, not Doom 3!

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Deferred Shading - Toolkit

- by AliveDevil

I recently managed to get some lights rendered in a scene by using a buffer and a for-loop. The problem with this method is the performance drop if more lights are used. I tried to convert Deferred Rendering in XNA4.0 | ROY-T.NL but it is not working, because I am not using any models. I know I have to render color, normals and lights seperate but I don't know how I could get it working. For understanding my structure better I'm using a world-class which holds some chunks. These chunks are loading all vertices from their items. These items have a property which returns the vertices. The item is returning VertexPositionNormalTexture[]. The chunk loads these Vertices and combines them to one large array of VertexPositionNormalTexture via someList.AsParallel().SelectMany(m => m).ToArray()). m is a VertexPositionNormalTexture. someList is List<VertexPositionNormalTexture>. I got my own shader to draw these vertices how I want them to be drawn. The first thing I would try is setting up two RenderTarget2D for rendering the color and normal part. With two different shaders. Than I would have to render the lights and there's the problem: I don't know how. I set up a structure to simplify working with lights but it didn't really help. public struct Light { public Vector3 Position; public Color4 Color; public float Range; public float Intensity; public Light( Vector3 position, Color color, float range, float intensity ) : this() { this.Position = position; this.Color = color; this.Range = range; this.Intensity = intensity; } public float[] Definition { get { return new[] { Position.X, Position.Y, Position.Z, Color.Red, Color.Green, Color.Blue, Intensity, Range }; } } } The next part is equally different because I don't know how to combine the colorMap, normalMap and textureMap to one finalMap. Some information to the system: I'm using SharpDX (Nightly from some months ago) and the SharpDX.Toolkit (I don't want to mess up with Direct3DDevice and similar things). Can someone help me with this problem? If things are missing or I provided insufficient information tell me, I need to get deferred shading working. Things I'm not able to do: create a rendertarget which holds all lights, merge colorMap, normalMap and lightMap to one finalMap and presenting this to the user.

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Ray Picking Problems

- by A Name I Haven't Decided On

I've read so many answers on here about how to do Ray Picking, that I thought I had the idea of it down. But when I try to implement it in my game, I get garbage. I'm working with LWJGL. Here's the code: public static Ray getPick(int mouseX, int mouseY){ glPushMatrix(); //Setting up the Mouse Clip Vector4f mouseClip = new Vector4f((float)mouseX * 2 / 960f - 1, 1 - (float)mouseY * 2 / 640f ,0 ,1); //Loading Matrices FloatBuffer modMatrix = BufferUtils.createFloatBuffer(16); FloatBuffer projMatrix = BufferUtils.createFloatBuffer(16); glGetFloat(GL_MODELVIEW_MATRIX, modMatrix); glGetFloat(GL_PROJECTION_MATRIX, projMatrix); //Assigning Matrices Matrix4f proj = new Matrix4f(); Matrix4f model = new Matrix4f(); model.load(modMatrix); proj.load(projMatrix); //Multiplying the Projection Matrix by the Model View Matrix Matrix4f tempView = new Matrix4f(); Matrix4f.mul(proj, model, tempView); tempView.invert(); //Getting the Camera Position in World Space. The 4th Column of the Model View Matrix. model.invert(); Point cameraPos = new Point(model.m30, model.m31, model.m32); //Theoretically getting the vector the Picking Ray goes Vector4f rayVector = new Vector4f(); Matrix4f.transform(tempView, mouseClip, rayVector); rayVector.translate((float)-cameraPos.getX(),(float) -cameraPos.getY(),(float) -cameraPos.getZ(), 0f); rayVector.normalise(); glPopMatrix(); //This Basically Spits out a value that changes as the Camera moves. //When the Mouse moves, the values change around 0.001 points from screen edge to edge. System.out.format("Vector: %f %f %f%n", rayVector.x, rayVector.y, rayVector.z); //return new Ray(cameraPos, rayVector); return null; } I don't really know why this isn't working. I was hoping some more experienced eyes might be able to help me out. I can get the camera position like a champ, it's the vector the rays going in that I can't seem to get right. Thanks.

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Collision detection problem in XNA

- by Fantasy

I'm having two problems with my collision detection in XNA. There are two boxes, the red box represents a player and the blue box represents a wall. The first problem is when the player moves to the upper side or bottom side of the wall and collides with it, and then try to go to the left or right, the player will just jump in the opposite direction as seen in the video. However if I go to the right side or the left side of the wall and try to go up or down the player will smoothly go up or down without jumping. The second problem is that when I collide with the box and my key is still pressed down the blue box goes half way through red box and and goes back out and it keeps doing that until I stop pressing the keyboard. its not very clear on the video but the keeps going in and out really fast until I stop pressing the key. Here is a video example:- http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mKLJsrPviYo and Here is my code Vector2 Position; Rectangle PlayerRectangle, BoxRectangle; float Speed = 0.25f; enum Direction { Up, Right, Down, Left }; Direction direction; protected override void Update(GameTime gameTime) { // Allows the game to exit if (GamePad.GetState(PlayerIndex.One).Buttons.Back == ButtonState.Pressed) this.Exit(); KeyboardState keyboardState = Keyboard.GetState(); if (keyboardState.IsKeyDown(Keys.Up)) { Position.Y -= (float)(Speed * gameTime.ElapsedGameTime.TotalMilliseconds); direction = Direction.Up; } if (keyboardState.IsKeyDown(Keys.Down)) { Position.Y += (float)(Speed * gameTime.ElapsedGameTime.TotalMilliseconds); direction = Direction.Down; } if (keyboardState.IsKeyDown(Keys.Right)) { Position.X += (float)(Speed * gameTime.ElapsedGameTime.TotalMilliseconds); direction = Direction.Right; } if (keyboardState.IsKeyDown(Keys.Left)) { Position.X -= (float)(Speed * gameTime.ElapsedGameTime.TotalMilliseconds); direction = Direction.Left; } if (PlayerRectangle.Intersects(BoxRectangle)) { if (direction == Direction.Right) Position.X = BoxRectangle.Left - PlayerRectangle.Width; else if (direction == Direction.Left) Position.X = BoxRectangle.Right; if (direction == Direction.Down) Position.Y = BoxRectangle.Top - PlayerRectangle.Height; else if (direction == Direction.Up) Position.Y = BoxRectangle.Bottom; } PlayerRectangle = new Rectangle((int)Position.X, (int)Position.Y, (int)32, (int)32); base.Update(gameTime); }

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How do I make my page respect h1 css addition? [migrated]

- by Adobe

I add h1 { margin-top:100px; } to the end of the css, but the page doesn't change. But if I add to the html of some h1: <h1 style="margin-top:100px;"><a class="toc-backref" href="#id4">KHotKeys</a><a class="headerlink" href="#khotkeys" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1> Then it does. I'm not css pro, and I guess the problem is somewhere in the css file. Here it is: div.clearer { clear: both; } /* -- relbar ---------------------------------------------------------------- */ div.related { width: 100%; font-size: 90%; } div.related h3 { display: none; } div.related ul { margin: 0; padding: 0 0 0 10px; list-style: none; } div.related li { display: inline; } div.related li.right { float: right; margin-right: 5px; } /* -- sidebar --------------------------------------------------------------- */ div.sphinxsidebarwrapper { padding: 10px 5px 0 10px; } div.sphinxsidebar { float: left; width: 230px; margin-left: -100%; font-size: 90%; } div.sphinxsidebar ul { list-style: none; } div.sphinxsidebar ul ul, div.sphinxsidebar ul.want-points { margin-left: 20px; list-style: square; } div.sphinxsidebar ul ul { margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; } div.sphinxsidebar form { margin-top: 10px; } div.sphinxsidebar input { border: 1px solid #98dbcc; font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 1em; } div.sphinxsidebar input[type="text"] { width: 160px; } div.sphinxsidebar input[type="submit"] { width: 30px; } img { border: 0; } /* -- search page ----------------------------------------------------------- */ ul.search { margin: 10px 0 0 20px; padding: 0; } ul.search li { padding: 5px 0 5px 20px; background-image: url(file.png); background-repeat: no-repeat; background-position: 0 7px; } ul.search li a { font-weight: bold; } ul.search li div.context { color: #888; margin: 2px 0 0 30px; text-align: left; } ul.keywordmatches li.goodmatch a { font-weight: bold; } /* -- index page ------------------------------------------------------------ */ table.contentstable { width: 90%; } table.contentstable p.biglink { line-height: 150%; } a.biglink { font-size: 1.3em; } span.linkdescr { font-style: italic; padding-top: 5px; font-size: 90%; } /* -- general index --------------------------------------------------------- */ table.indextable { width: 100%; } table.indextable td { text-align: left; vertical-align: top; } table.indextable dl, table.indextable dd { margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; } table.indextable tr.pcap { height: 10px; } table.indextable tr.cap { margin-top: 10px; background-color: #f2f2f2; } img.toggler { margin-right: 3px; margin-top: 3px; cursor: pointer; } div.modindex-jumpbox { border-top: 1px solid #ddd; border-bottom: 1px solid #ddd; margin: 1em 0 1em 0; padding: 0.4em; } div.genindex-jumpbox { border-top: 1px solid #ddd; border-bottom: 1px solid #ddd; margin: 1em 0 1em 0; padding: 0.4em; } /* -- general body styles --------------------------------------------------- */ a.headerlink { visibility: hidden; } h1:hover > a.headerlink, h2:hover > a.headerlink, h3:hover > a.headerlink, h4:hover > a.headerlink, h5:hover > a.headerlink, h6:hover > a.headerlink, dt:hover > a.headerlink { visibility: visible; } div.body p.caption { text-align: inherit; } div.body td { text-align: left; } .field-list ul { padding-left: 1em; } .first { margin-top: 0 !important; } p.rubric { margin-top: 30px; font-weight: bold; } img.align-left, .figure.align-left, object.align-left { clear: left; float: left; margin-right: 1em; } img.align-right, .figure.align-right, object.align-right { clear: right; float: right; margin-left: 1em; } img.align-center, .figure.align-center, object.align-center { display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; } .align-left { text-align: left; } .align-center { text-align: center; } .align-right { text-align: right; } /* -- sidebars -------------------------------------------------------------- */ div.sidebar { margin: 0 0 0.5em 1em; border: 1px solid #ddb; padding: 7px 7px 0 7px; background-color: #ffe; width: 40%; float: right; } p.sidebar-title { font-weight: bold; } /* -- topics ---------------------------------------------------------------- */ div.topic { border: 1px solid #ccc; padding: 7px 7px 0 7px; margin: 10px 0 10px 0; } p.topic-title { font-size: 1.1em; font-weight: bold; margin-top: 10px; } /* -- admonitions ----------------------------------------------------------- */ div.admonition { margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 7px; } div.admonition dt { font-weight: bold; } div.admonition dl { margin-bottom: 0; } p.admonition-title { margin: 0px 10px 5px 0px; font-weight: bold; } div.body p.centered { text-align: center; margin-top: 25px; } /* -- tables ---------------------------------------------------------------- */ table.docutils { border: 0; border-collapse: collapse; } table.docutils td, table.docutils th { padding: 1px 8px 1px 5px; border-top: 0; border-left: 0; border-right: 0; border-bottom: 1px solid #aaa; } table.field-list td, table.field-list th { border: 0 !important; } table.footnote td, table.footnote th { border: 0 !important; } th { text-align: left; padding-right: 5px; } table.citation { border-left: solid 1px gray; margin-left: 1px; } table.citation td { border-bottom: none; } /* -- other body styles ----------------------------------------------------- */ ol.arabic { list-style: decimal; } ol.loweralpha { list-style: lower-alpha; } ol.upperalpha { list-style: upper-alpha; } ol.lowerroman { list-style: lower-roman; } ol.upperroman { list-style: upper-roman; } dl { margin-bottom: 15px; } dd p { margin-top: 0px; } dd ul, dd table { margin-bottom: 10px; } dd { margin-top: 3px; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-left: 30px; } dt:target, .highlighted { background-color: #fbe54e; } dl.glossary dt { font-weight: bold; font-size: 1.1em; } .field-list ul { margin: 0; padding-left: 1em; } .field-list p { margin: 0; } .refcount { color: #060; } .optional { font-size: 1.3em; } .versionmodified { font-style: italic; } .system-message { background-color: #fda; padding: 5px; border: 3px solid red; } .footnote:target { background-color: #ffa; } .line-block { display: block; margin-top: 1em; margin-bottom: 1em; } .line-block .line-block { margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; margin-left: 1.5em; } .guilabel, .menuselection { font-family: sans-serif; } .accelerator { text-decoration: underline; } .classifier { font-style: oblique; } /* -- code displays --------------------------------------------------------- */ pre { overflow: auto; overflow-y: hidden; /* fixes display issues on Chrome browsers */ } td.linenos pre { padding: 5px 0px; border: 0; background-color: transparent; color: #aaa; } table.highlighttable { margin-left: 0.5em; } table.highlighttable td { padding: 0 0.5em 0 0.5em; } tt.descname { background-color: transparent; font-weight: bold; font-size: 1.2em; } tt.descclassname { background-color: transparent; } tt.xref, a tt { background-color: transparent; font-weight: bold; } h1 tt, h2 tt, h3 tt, h4 tt, h5 tt, h6 tt { background-color: transparent; } .viewcode-link { float: right; } .viewcode-back { float: right; font-family: sans-serif; } div.viewcode-block:target { margin: -1px -10px; padding: 0 10px; } /* -- math display ---------------------------------------------------------- */ img.math { vertical-align: middle; } div.body div.math p { text-align: center; } span.eqno { float: right; } /* -- printout stylesheet --------------------------------------------------- */ @media print { div.document, div.documentwrapper, div.bodywrapper { margin: 0 !important; width: 100%; } div.sphinxsidebar, div.related, div.footer, #top-link { display: none; } } body { font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 100%; background-color: #11303d; color: #000; margin: 0; padding: 0; } div.document { background-color: #d4e9f7; } div.documentwrapper { float: left; width: 100%; } div.bodywrapper { margin: 0 0 0 230px; } div.body { background-color: #ffffff; color: #222222; padding: 0 20px 30px 20px; } div.footer { color: #ffffff; width: 100%; padding: 9px 0 9px 0; text-align: center; font-size: 75%; } div.footer a { color: #ffffff; text-decoration: underline; } div.related { background-color: #191a19; line-height: 30px; color: #ffffff; } div.related a { color: #ffffff; } div.sphinxsidebar { top: 30px; bottom: 60px; margin: 0; position: fixed; overflow: auto; height: auto; } div.sphinxsidebar h3 { font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif; color: #3a3a3a; font-size: 1.4em; font-weight: normal; margin: 0; padding: 0; } div.sphinxsidebar h3 a { color: #3a3a3a; } div.sphinxsidebar h4 { font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif; color: #3a3a3a; font-size: 1.3em; font-weight: normal; margin: 5px 0 0 0; padding: 0; } div.sphinxsidebar p { color: #3a3a3a; } div.sphinxsidebar p.topless { margin: 5px 10px 10px 10px; } div.sphinxsidebar ul { margin: 10px; padding: 0; color: #3a3a3a; } div.sphinxsidebar ul li { margin-top: .2em; } div.sphinxsidebar a { color: #3a8942; } div.sphinxsidebar input { border: 1px solid #3a8942; font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 1em; } /* -- body styles ----------------------------------------------------------- */ a { color: #355f7c; text-decoration: none; } a:hover { text-decoration: underline; } div.body p, div.body dd, div.body li { text-align: left; line-height: 130%; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; } div.body h1, div.body h2, div.body h3, div.body h4, div.body h5, div.body h6 { font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif; background-color: #f2f2f2; font-weight: normal; color: #20435c; border-top: 2px solid #cccccc; border-bottom: 1px solid #cccccc; margin: 30px -20px 20px -20px; padding: 3px 0 3px 10px; } div.body h1 { margin-top: 0; font-size: 200%; } div.body h2 { font-size: 160%; } div.body h3 { font-size: 140%; padding-left: 20px; } div.body h4 { font-size: 120%; padding-left: 20px; } div.body h5 { font-size: 110%; padding-left: 20px; } div.body h6 { font-size: 100%; padding-left: 20px; } a.headerlink { color: #c60f0f; font-size: 0.8em; padding: 0 4px 0 4px; text-decoration: none; } a.headerlink:hover { background-color: #c60f0f; color: white; } div.body p, div.body dd, div.body li { text-align: left; line-height: 110%; } div.admonition p.admonition-title + p { display: inline; } div.note { background-color: #eee; border: 1px solid #ccc; } div.seealso { background-color: #ffc; border: 1px solid #ff6; } div.topic { background-color: #eee; } div.warning { background-color: #ffe4e4; border: 1px solid #f66; } p.admonition-title { display: inline; } p.admonition-title:after { content: ":"; } pre { padding: 0px; background-color: #ffffff; color: #000000; line-height: 120%; border: 0px solid #ffffff; border-left: none; border-right: none; white-space: pre-wrap; /* word-wrap: break-word; */ /* width:100px; */ } tt { background-color: #ecf0f3; padding: 0 1px 0 1px; font-size: 110%; } .warning tt { background: #efc2c2; } .note tt { background: #d6d6d6; } body { width:150%; }

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Resizing an image using mouse dragging (C#)

- by Gaax

Hi all. I'm having some trouble resizing an image just by dragging the mouse. I found an average resize method and now am trying to modify it to use the mouse instead of given values. The way I'm doing it makes sense to me but maybe you guys can give me some better ideas. I'm basically using the distance between the current location of the mouse and the previous location of the mouse as the scaling factor. If the distance between the current mouse location and the center of of the image is less than the distance between previous mouse location and the center of the image then the image gets smaller, and vice-versa. With the code below I'm getting an Argument Exception (invalid parameter) when creating the new bitmap with the new height and width and I really don't understand why... any ideas? private static Image resizeImage(Image imgToResize, System.Drawing.Point prevMouseLoc, System.Drawing.Point currentMouseLoc) { int sourceWidth = imgToResize.Width; int sourceHeight = imgToResize.Height; float dCurrCent = 0; //Distance between current mouse location and the center of the image float dPrevCent = 0; //Distance between previous mouse location and the center of the image float dCurrPrev = 0; //Distance between current mouse location and the previous mouse location int sign = 1; System.Drawing.Point imgCenter = new System.Drawing.Point(); float nPercent = 0; imgCenter.X = imgToResize.Width / 2; imgCenter.Y = imgToResize.Height / 2; // Calculating the distance between the current mouse location and the center of the image dCurrCent = (float)Math.Sqrt(Math.Pow(currentMouseLoc.X - imgCenter.X, 2) + Math.Pow(currentMouseLoc.Y - imgCenter.Y, 2)); // Calculating the distance between the previous mouse location and the center of the image dPrevCent = (float)Math.Sqrt(Math.Pow(prevMouseLoc.XimgCenter.X,2) + Math.Pow(prevMouseLoc.Y - imgCenter.Y, 2)); // Calculating the sign value if (dCurrCent >= dPrevCent) { sign = 1; } else { sign = -1; } nPercent = sign * (float)Math.Sqrt(Math.Pow(currentMouseLoc.X - prevMouseLoc.X, 2) + Math.Pow(currentMouseLoc.Y - prevMouseLoc.Y, 2)); int destWidth = (int)(sourceWidth * nPercent); int destHeight = (int)(sourceHeight * nPercent); Bitmap b = new Bitmap(destWidth, destHeight); // exception thrown here Graphics g = Graphics.FromImage((Image)b); g.InterpolationMode = InterpolationMode.HighQualityBicubic; g.DrawImage(imgToResize, 0, 0, destWidth, destHeight); g.Dispose(); return (Image)b; }

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Is there any reasonable use of a function returning an anonymous struct?

- by Akanksh

Here is an (artificial) example of using a function that returns an anonymous struct and does "something" useful: #include <iostream> template<typename T> T* func( T* t, float a, float b ) { if(!t) { t = new T; t->a = a; t->b = b; } else { t->a += a; t->b += b; } return t; } struct { float a, b; }* foo(float a, float b) { if(a==0) return 0; return func(foo(a-1,b), a, b); } int main() { std::cout << foo(5,6)->a << std::endl; std::cout << foo(5,6)->b << std::endl; void* v = (void*)(foo(5,6)); float* f = (float*)(v); //[1] delete f now because I know struct is floats only. std::cout << f[0] << std::endl; std::cout << f[1] << std::endl; delete[] f; return 0; } There are a few points I would like to discuss: As is apparent, this code leaks, is there anyway I can NOT leak without knowing what the underlying struct definition is? see Comment [1]. I have to return a pointer to an anonymous struct so I can create an instance of the object within the templatized function func, can I do something similar without returning a pointer? I guess the most important, is there ANY (real-world) use for this at all? As the example given above leaks and is admittedly contrived. By the way, what the function foo(a,b) does is, to return a struct containing two numbers, the sum of all numbers from 1 to a and the product of a and b. EDIT: Maybe the line new T could use a boost::shared_ptr somehow to avoid leaks, but I haven't tried that. Would that work?

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content show problem

- by nonab

I still fight with some jquery scripts:) With my first problem Jens Fahnenbruck helped me here: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/3021476/problem-with-hide-show-in-jquery thanks:) Now i added another fancy thing - jquery tabs Made a few modifications and it works like this: When you click on tab and it loads different main image for every tab. The problem is that i used $(document).ready(function() to handle those image changes. When i click any of 2x2 box images (on any tab) it will permanently change the image on the right and when i click on tabs it won't work like it did at the beginning. online example: http://rarelips.ayz.pl/testy/2/ code: <style type="text/css"> body { font: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif normal 10px; margin: 0; padding: 0; } * {margin: 0; padding: 0;} img {border: none;} .container { height: 500px; width: 1000px; margin: -180px 0 0 -450px; top: 50%; left: 50%; position: absolute; } ul.thumb { float: left; list-style: none; margin: 0; padding: 10px; width: 360px; } ul.thumb li { margin: 0; padding: 5px; float: left; position: relative; width: 165px; height: 165px; } ul.thumb li img { width: 150px; height: 150px; border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 10px; background: #f0f0f0; position: absolute; left: 0; top: 0; -ms-interpolation-mode: bicubic; } ul.thumb li img.hover { background:url(thumb_bg.png) no-repeat center center; border: none; } #main_view { float: left; padding: 9px 0; margin-left: -10px; } #main_view2 { float: left; padding: 9px 0; margin-left: -10px; } #main_view3 { float: left; padding: 9px 0; margin-left: -10px; } #main_view4 { float: left; padding: 9px 0; margin-left: -10px; } #wiecej { float: right; padding: 9px 0; margin-right: 20px; } .demo-show { width: 350px; margin: 1em .5em; } .demo-show h3 { margin: 0; padding: .25em; background: #bfcd93; border-top: 1px solid #386785; border-bottom: 1px solid #386785; } .demo-show div { padding: .5em .25em; } /* styl do tabek */ ul.tabs { margin: 0; padding: 0; float: left; list-style: none; height: 32px; /*--Set height of tabs--*/ border-bottom: 1px solid #999; border-left: 1px solid #999; width: 100%; } ul.tabs li { float: left; margin: 0; padding: 0; height: 31px; /*--Subtract 1px from the height of the unordered list--*/ line-height: 31px; /*--Vertically aligns the text within the tab--*/ border: 1px solid #999; border-left: none; margin-bottom: -1px; /*--Pull the list item down 1px--*/ overflow: hidden; position: relative; background: #e0e0e0; } ul.tabs li a { text-decoration: none; color: #000; display: block; font-size: 1.2em; padding: 0 20px; border: 1px solid #fff; /*--Gives the bevel look with a 1px white border inside the list item--*/ outline: none; } ul.tabs li a:hover { background: #ccc; } html ul.tabs li.active, html ul.tabs li.active a:hover { /*--Makes sure that the active tab does not listen to the hover properties--*/ background: #fff; border-bottom: 1px solid #fff; /*--Makes the active tab look like it's connected with its content--*/ } .tab_container { border: 1px solid #999; border-top: none; overflow: hidden; clear: both; float: left; width: 100%; background: #fff; } .tab_content { padding: 20px; font-size: 1.2em; } </style> <script type="text/javascript" src="index_pliki/jquery-latest.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> $(document).ready(function(){ //Larger thumbnail preview $("ul.thumb li").hover(function() { $(this).css({'z-index' : '10'}); $(this).find('img').addClass("hover").stop() .animate({ marginTop: '-110px', marginLeft: '-110px', top: '50%', left: '50%', width: '200px', height: '200px', padding: '5px' }, 200); } , function() { $(this).css({'z-index' : '0'}); $(this).find('img').removeClass("hover").stop() .animate({ marginTop: '0', marginLeft: '0', top: '0', left: '0', width: '150px', height: '150px', padding: '10px' }, 400); }); //Swap Image on Click $("ul.thumb li a").click(function() { var mainImage = $(this).attr("href"); //Find Image Name $("#main_view img").attr({ src: mainImage }); $("#main_view2 img").attr({ src: mainImage }); $("#main_view3 img").attr({ src: mainImage }); $("#main_view4 img").attr({ src: mainImage }); return false; }); }); </script> <script type="text/javascript"> $(document).ready(function() { $("#main_view img").attr({ src: './index_pliki/max1.jpg' }); $("#slickbox div[data-id=" + '01' + "].slickbox").show('slow'); $('a.slick-toggle').click(function() { var dataID = $(this).attr("data-id"); $('#slickbox div.slickbox').hide(); $("#slickbox div[data-id=" + dataID + "].slickbox").show('slow'); return false; }); }); </script> <script type="text/javascript"> $(document).ready(function() { $("#main_view2 img").attr({ src: './index_pliki/max2.jpg' }); $("#slickbox2 div[data-id=" + '11' + "].slickbox2").show('slow'); $('a.slick-toggle').click(function() { var dataID = $(this).attr("data-id"); $('#slickbox2 div.slickbox2').hide(); $("#slickbox2 div[data-id=" + dataID + "].slickbox2").show('slow'); return false; }); }); </script> <script type="text/javascript"> $(document).ready(function() { $("#main_view3 img").attr({ src: './index_pliki/max3.jpg' }); $("#slickbox3 div[data-id=" + '21' + "].slickbox3").show('slow'); $('a.slick-toggle').click(function() { var dataID = $(this).attr("data-id"); $('#slickbox3 div.slickbox3').hide(); $("#slickbox3 div[data-id=" + dataID + "].slickbox3").show('slow'); return false; }); }); </script> <script type="text/javascript"> $(document).ready(function() { $("#main_view4 img").attr({ src: './index_pliki/max4.jpg' }); $("#slickbox4 div[data-id=" + '31' + "].slickbox4").show('slow'); $('a.slick-toggle').click(function() { var dataID = $(this).attr("data-id"); $('#slickbox4 div.slickbox4').hide(); $("#slickbox4 div[data-id=" + dataID + "].slickbox4").show('slow'); return false; }); }); </script> <script type ="text/javascript"> $(document).ready(function() { //When page loads... $(".tab_content").hide(); //Hide all content $("ul.tabs li:first").addClass("active").show(); //Activate first tab $(".tab_content:first").show(); //Show first tab content //On Click Event $("ul.tabs li").click(function() { $("ul.tabs li").removeClass("active"); //Remove any "active" class $(this).addClass("active"); //Add "active" class to selected tab $(".tab_content").hide(); //Hide all tab content var activeTab = $(this).find("a").attr("href"); //Find the href attribute value to identify the active tab + content $(activeTab).fadeIn(); //Fade in the active ID content return false; }); }); </script> </head> <body> <div class="container"> <ul class="tabs"> <li><a href="#tab1">1</a></li> <li><a href="#tab2">2</a></li> <li><a href="#tab3">3</a></li> <li><a href="#tab4">4</a></li> </ul> <div class="tab_container"> <div id="tab1" class="tab_content">  <ul class="thumb"> <li><a class="slick-toggle" href="./index_pliki/max1.jpg" data-id="01"><img src="./index_pliki/min1.jpg" alt="" /></a></li> <li><a class="slick-toggle" href="./index_pliki/max2.jpg" data-id="02"><img src="./index_pliki/min2.jpg" alt="" /></a></li> <li><a class="slick-toggle" href="./index_pliki/max3.jpg" data-id="03"><img src="./index_pliki/min3.jpg" alt="" /></a></li> <li><a class="slick-toggle" href="./index_pliki/max4.jpg" data-id="04"><img src="./index_pliki/min4.jpg" alt="" /></a></li> </ul> <div id="main_view"> <a href="index.htm"><img src="index_pliki/max1.jpg" alt=""/></a> <small style="float: right; color: rgb(153, 153, 153);"> </small> </div> <div id="wiecej"> <div id="slickbox"> <div id="someOtherID" class="slickbox" data-id="01" style="display: none;"> 1.1 </div> <div id="someOtherID" class="slickbox" data-id="02" style="display: none;"> 1.2 </div> <div id="someOtherID" class="slickbox" data-id="03" style="display: none;"> 1.3 </div> <div id="someOtherID" class="slickbox" data-id="04" style="display: none;"> 1.4 </div>  </div> </div> </div>  <div id="tab2" class="tab_content">  <ul class="thumb"> <li><a class="slick-toggle" href="./index_pliki/max4.jpg" data-id="11"><img src="./index_pliki/min4.jpg" alt="" /></a></li> <li><a class="slick-toggle" href="./index_pliki/max3.jpg" data-id="12"><img src="./index_pliki/min3.jpg" alt="" /></a></li> <li><a class="slick-toggle" href="./index_pliki/max2.jpg" data-id="13"><img src="./index_pliki/min2.jpg" alt="" /></a></li> <li><a class="slick-toggle" href="./index_pliki/max1.jpg" data-id="14"><img src="./index_pliki/min1.jpg" alt="" /></a></li> </ul> <div id="main_view2"> <a href="index.htm"><img src="index_pliki/max1.jpg" alt=""/></a> <small style="float: right; color: rgb(153, 153, 153);"> </small> </div> <div id="wiecej"> <div id="slickbox2"> <div id="someOtherID" class="slickbox2" data-id="11" style="display: none;"> 2.1 </div> <div id="someOtherID" class="slickbox2" data-id="12" style="display: none;"> 2.2 </div> <div id="someOtherID" class="slickbox2" data-id="13" style="display: none;"> 2.3 </div> <div id="someOtherID" class="slickbox2" data-id="14" style="display: none;"> 2.4 </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="tab3" class="tab_content"> <ul class="thumb"> <li><a class="slick-toggle" href="./index_pliki/max4.jpg" data-id="21"><img src="./index_pliki/min4.jpg" alt="" /></a></li> <li><a class="slick-toggle" href="./index_pliki/max3.jpg" data-id="22"><img src="./index_pliki/min3.jpg" alt="" /></a></li> <li><a class="slick-toggle" href="./index_pliki/max2.jpg" data-id="23"><img src="./index_pliki/min2.jpg" alt="" /></a></li> <li><a class="slick-toggle" href="./index_pliki/max1.jpg" data-id="24"><img src="./index_pliki/min1.jpg" alt="" /></a></li> </ul> <div id="main_view3"> <a href="index.htm"><img src="index_pliki/max1.jpg" alt=""/></a> <small style="float: right; color: rgb(153, 153, 153);"> </small> </div> <div id="wiecej"> <div id="slickbox3"> <div id="someOtherID" class="slickbox3" data-id="21" style="display: none;"> 3.1 </div> <div id="someOtherID" class="slickbox3" data-id="22" style="display: none;"> 3.2 </div> <div id="someOtherID" class="slickbox3" data-id="23" style="display: none;"> 3.3 </div> <div id="someOtherID" class="slickbox3" data-id="24" style="display: none;"> 3.4 </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="tab4" class="tab_content"> <ul class="thumb"> <li><a class="slick-toggle" href="./index_pliki/max4.jpg" data-id="31"><img src="./index_pliki/min4.jpg" alt="" /></a></li> <li><a class="slick-toggle" href="./index_pliki/max3.jpg" data-id="32"><img src="./index_pliki/min3.jpg" alt="" /></a></li> <li><a class="slick-toggle" href="./index_pliki/max2.jpg" data-id="33"><img src="./index_pliki/min2.jpg" alt="" /></a></li> <li><a class="slick-toggle" href="./index_pliki/max1.jpg" data-id="34"><img src="./index_pliki/min1.jpg" alt="" /></a></li> </ul> <div id="main_view4"> <a href="index.htm"><img src="index_pliki/max1.jpg" alt=""/></a> <small style="float: right; color: rgb(153, 153, 153);"> </small> </div> <div id="wiecej"> <div id="slickbox4"> <div id="someOtherID" class="slickbox4" data-id="31" style="display: none;"> 4.1 </div> <div id="someOtherID" class="slickbox4" data-id="32" style="display: none;"> 4.2 </div> <div id="someOtherID" class="slickbox4" data-id="33" style="display: none;"> 4.3 </div> <div id="someOtherID" class="slickbox4" data-id="34" style="display: none;"> 4.4 </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div>

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Transaction on Entity FrameWork Refactoring and best performance how can i?

- by programmerist

i try to use transaction in Entity FrameWork. i have 3 tables Personel, Prim, Finans. in Prim table you look SatisTutari (int) if i add data in SatisTutari.Text instead of int value adding float value. Trannsaction must be run! Everything is ok but how can i refactoring or give best performance or best writing Transaction coding! i have 3 table so i have 3 entities: CREATE TABLE Personel (PersonelID integer PRIMARY KEY identity not null, Ad varchar(30), Soyad varchar(30), Meslek varchar(100), DogumTarihi datetime, DogumYeri nvarchar(100), PirimToplami float); Go create TABLE Prim (PrimID integer PRIMARY KEY identity not null, PersonelID integer Foreign KEY references Personel(PersonelID), SatisTutari int, Prim float, SatisTarihi Datetime); Go CREATE TABLE Finans (ID integer PRIMARY KEY identity not null, Tutar float); Personel, Prim,Finans my tables. if you look Prim table you can see Prim value float value if i write a textbox not float value my transaction must run. protected void btnSave_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { using (TestEntities testCtx = new TestEntities()) { using (TransactionScope scope = new TransactionScope()) { Personel personel = new Personel(); Prim prim = new Prim(); Finans finans = new Finans(); //-----------------------------------------------------------------------Step 1 personel.Ad = txtName.Text; personel.Soyad = txtSurName.Text; personel.Meslek = txtMeslek.Text; personel.DogumTarihi = DateTime.Parse(txtSatisTarihi.Text); personel.DogumYeri = txtDogumYeri.Text; personel.PirimToplami = float.Parse(txtPrimToplami.Text); testCtx.AddToPersonel(personel); testCtx.SaveChanges(); //----------------------------------------------------------------------- step 2 prim.PersonelID = personel.PersonelID; prim.SatisTutari = int.Parse(txtSatisTutari.Text); prim.SatisTarihi = DateTime.Parse(txtSatisTarihi.Text); prim.Prim1 = double.Parse(txtPrim.Text); finans.Tutar = prim.SatisTutari * prim.Prim1; testCtx.AddToPrim(prim); testCtx.SaveChanges(); //----------------------------------------------------------------------- step 3 lblTutar.Text = finans.Tutar.Value.ToString(); testCtx.AddToFinans(finans); testCtx.SaveChanges(); scope.Complete(); } } How can i rearrange codes. i need best practice refactoring and best solution for reading easly and performance!!!

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assign member based on string value

- by Aperion

I need start off with code because I am not sure what terminology to use. Lets say I have the following code: class Node { public: void Parse(rapidxml::xml_node<> *node) { for (rapidxml::xml_attribute<> *attr = node->first_attribute(); attr; attr = attr->next_attribute()) { std::stringstream converter; converter << attr->value(); if( !strcmp(attr->name(), "x") ) converter >> x; else if( !strcmp(attr->name(),"y") ) converter >> y; else if( !strcmp(attr->name(), "z") ) converter >> z; } } private: float x; float y; float z; }; What I can't stand is the repetition of if( !strcmp(attr-name(), "x") ) converter x; I feel that this is error prone and monotonous, but I cannot think of another way to map a string value to a member assignment. What are some other approaches one can take to avoid code such as this? The only other possible alternative I could think of was to use a hashmap, but that runs into problems with callbacks This is the best I could up with but it's not as flexible as I'd like: class Node { Node() : x(0.0f), y(0.0f), z(0.0f) { assignmentMap["x"] = &x; assignmentMap["y"] = &y; assignmentMap["z"] = &z; } public: void Parse(rapidxml::xml_node<> *node) { for (rapidxml::xml_attribute<> *attr = node->first_attribute(); attr; attr = attr->next_attribute()) { if( !attr->name() ) continue; std::stringstream converter; converter << attr->value(); converter >> *assignmentMap[attr->name()]; } } private: float x; float y; float z; std::map<std::string, float*> assignmentMap; };

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Confusion over C++ new operator and classes

- by Nils

Hi all I created a simple class in C++ which has a private dynamic array. In the constructor I initialize the array using new and in the destructor I free it using delete. When I instantiate the class using Class a = Class(..); it works as expected, however it seems I cannot instantiate it using the new operator (Like Class *a = new Class(..);), I always get a segmentation fault. What I don't understand is when I should use new to instantiate a class and when just call the constructor or should it be possible to instantiate a class either with new or by just calling the constructor. float** A = new float*[3]; for (int i=0; i<3; i++) { A[i] = new float[3]; } A[0][0] = 3; A[0][1] = 3; A[0][2] = 4; A[1][0] = 5; A[1][1] = 6; A[1][2] = 7; A[2][0] = 1; A[2][1] = 2; A[2][2] = 3; Matrix *M = new Matrix(A, 3, 3); delete[] A; delete M; Below the class definition.. class Matrix { private: int width; int height; int stride; float* elements; public: Matrix(float** a, int n, int m); ~Matrix(); }; Matrix::Matrix(float** a, int n, int m) { // n: num rows // m: elem per rows elements = new float[n*m]; for (int i=0; i<n; i++) { for (int j=0; j<m; j++) { elements[i*n + j] = a[n][m]; } } } Matrix::~Matrix() { delete[] elements; }

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DB2 UDF Permissions

- by WernerCD

I have a custom function that I'm working on... the problem I'm having is simple: Permssions. example function: drop function circle_area go CREATE FUNCTION circle_area (radius FLOAT) RETURNS FLOAT LANGUAGE SQL BEGIN DECLARE pi FLOAT DEFAULT 3.14; DECLARE area FLOAT; SET area = pi * radius * radius; RETURN area; END GO if I then log out of my "admin" account... and log into test account I get a "Not authorized" error when I try to run something "Select circle_area(foo) from library.bar". I can log into iSeries Navigator, navigate to schema functions permissions and change the permission for public from Exclude to All. bam it works. How do I grant permission to all, either in the CREATE FUNCTION or after?

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Block filters using fragment shaders

- by Nils

I was following this tutorial using Apple's OpenGL Shader Builder (tool similar to Nvidia's fx composer, but simpler). I could easily apply the filters, but I don't understand if they worked correct (and if so how can I improve the output). For example the blur filter: OpenGL itself does some image processing on the textures, so if they are displayed in a higher resolution than the original image, they are blurred already by OpenGL. Second the blurred part is brighter then the part not processed, I think this does not make sense, since it just takes pixels from the direct neighborhood. This is defined by float step_w = (1.0/width); Which I don't quite understand: The pixels are indexed using floating point values?? Edit: I forgot to attach the exact code I used: Fragment Shader // Originally taken from: http://www.ozone3d.net/tutorials/image_filtering_p2.php#part_2 #define KERNEL_SIZE 9 float kernel[KERNEL_SIZE]; uniform sampler2D colorMap; uniform float width; uniform float height; float step_w = (1.0/width); float step_h = (1.0/height); // float step_w = 20.0; // float step_h = 20.0; vec2 offset[KERNEL_SIZE]; void main(void) { int i = 0; vec4 sum = vec4(0.0); offset[0] = vec2(-step_w, -step_h); // south west offset[1] = vec2(0.0, -step_h); // south offset[2] = vec2(step_w, -step_h); // south east offset[3] = vec2(-step_w, 0.0); // west offset[4] = vec2(0.0, 0.0); // center offset[5] = vec2(step_w, 0.0); // east offset[6] = vec2(-step_w, step_h); // north west offset[7] = vec2(0.0, step_h); // north offset[8] = vec2(step_w, step_h); // north east // Gaussian kernel // 1 2 1 // 2 4 2 // 1 2 1 kernel[0] = 1.0; kernel[1] = 2.0; kernel[2] = 1.0; kernel[3] = 2.0; kernel[4] = 4.0; kernel[5] = 2.0; kernel[6] = 1.0; kernel[7] = 2.0; kernel[8] = 1.0; // TODO make grayscale first // Laplacian Filter // 0 1 0 // 1 -4 1 // 0 1 0 /* kernel[0] = 0.0; kernel[1] = 1.0; kernel[2] = 0.0; kernel[3] = 1.0; kernel[4] = -4.0; kernel[5] = 1.0; kernel[6] = 0.0; kernel[7] = 2.0; kernel[8] = 0.0; */ // Mean Filter // 1 1 1 // 1 1 1 // 1 1 1 /* kernel[0] = 1.0; kernel[1] = 1.0; kernel[2] = 1.0; kernel[3] = 1.0; kernel[4] = 1.0; kernel[5] = 1.0; kernel[6] = 1.0; kernel[7] = 1.0; kernel[8] = 1.0; */ if(gl_TexCoord[0].s<0.5) { // For every pixel sample the neighbor pixels and sum up for( i=0; i<KERNEL_SIZE; i++ ) { // select the pixel with the concerning offset vec4 tmp = texture2D(colorMap, gl_TexCoord[0].st + offset[i]); sum += tmp * kernel[i]; } sum /= 16.0; } else if( gl_TexCoord[0].s>0.51 ) { sum = texture2D(colorMap, gl_TexCoord[0].xy); } else // Draw a red line { sum = vec4(1.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0); } gl_FragColor = sum; } Vertex Shader void main(void) { gl_TexCoord[0] = gl_MultiTexCoord0; gl_Position = ftransform(); }

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How do I go about overloading C++ operators to allow for chaining?

- by fneep

I, like so many programmers before me, am tearing my hair out writing the right-of-passage-matrix-class-in-C++. I have never done very serious operator overloading and this is causing issues. Essentially, by stepping through This is what I call to cause the problems. cMatrix Kev = CT::cMatrix::GetUnitMatrix(4, true); Kev *= 4.0f; cMatrix Baz = Kev; Kev = Kev+Baz; //HERE! What seems to be happening according to the debugger is that Kev and Baz are added but then the value is lost and when it comes to reassigning to Kev, the memory is just its default dodgy values. How do I overload my operators to allow for this statement? My (stripped down) code is below. //header class cMatrix { private: float* _internal; UInt32 _r; UInt32 _c; bool _zeroindexed; //fast, assumes zero index, no safety checks float cMatrix::_getelement(UInt32 r, UInt32 c) { return _internal[(r*this->_c)+c]; } void cMatrix::_setelement(UInt32 r, UInt32 c, float Value) { _internal[(r*this->_c)+c] = Value; } public: cMatrix(UInt32 r, UInt32 c, bool IsZeroIndexed); cMatrix( cMatrix& m); ~cMatrix(void); //operators cMatrix& operator + (cMatrix m); cMatrix& operator += (cMatrix m); cMatrix& operator = (const cMatrix &m); }; //stripped source file cMatrix::cMatrix(cMatrix& m) { _r = m._r; _c = m._c; _zeroindexed = m._zeroindexed; _internal = new float[_r*_c]; UInt32 size = GetElementCount(); for (UInt32 i = 0; i < size; i++) { _internal[i] = m._internal[i]; } } cMatrix::~cMatrix(void) { delete[] _internal; } cMatrix& cMatrix::operator+(cMatrix m) { return cMatrix(*this) += m; } cMatrix& cMatrix::operator*(float f) { return cMatrix(*this) *= f; } cMatrix& cMatrix::operator*=(float f) { UInt32 size = GetElementCount(); for (UInt32 i = 0; i < size; i++) { _internal[i] *= f; } return *this; } cMatrix& cMatrix::operator+=(cMatrix m) { if (_c != m._c || _r != m._r) { throw new cCTException("Cannot add two matrix classes of different sizes."); } if (!(_zeroindexed && m._zeroindexed)) { throw new cCTException("Zero-Indexed mismatch."); } for (UInt32 row = 0; row < _r; row++) { for (UInt32 column = 0; column < _c; column++) { float Current = _getelement(row, column) + m._getelement(row, column); _setelement(row, column, Current); } } return *this; } cMatrix& cMatrix::operator=(const cMatrix &m) { if (this != &m) { _r = m._r; _c = m._c; _zeroindexed = m._zeroindexed; delete[] _internal; _internal = new float[_r*_c]; UInt32 size = GetElementCount(); for (UInt32 i = 0; i < size; i++) { _internal[i] = m._internal[i]; } } return *this; }

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Error in python - don't understand

- by Jasper

Hi, I'm creating a game, and am quite new to Python generally. I created a function 'descriptionGenerator()' which generates a description for characters and objects either randomly or using variables passed to it. It seemed to be working, but every now and then it wouldn't work correctly. So i placed it in a loop, and it never seems to be able to complete the loop without one of the iterations having this problem. The code is as follows: #+------------------------------------------+ #| Name: bitsandpieces.py | #| A module for the 'Europa I' game | #| created for the Game Making Competition | #| | #| Date Created/Modified: | #| 3/4/10 | 3/4/10 | #+------------------------------------------+ # Import the required modules # Import system modules: import time import random # Import 3rd party modules: # Import game modules: # Define the 'descriptionGenerator()' function def descriptionGenerator(descriptionVariables): descriptionVariableSize = len(descriptionVariables) if descriptionVariables[0] == 'char': # If there is only one variable ('char'), create a random description if descriptionVariableSize == 1: # Define choices for descriptionVariables to be generated from gender_choices = ['male', 'female'] hair_choices = ['black', 'red', 'blonde', 'grey', 'brown', 'blue'] hair_choices2 = ['long', 'short', 'cropped', 'curly'] size_choices = ['tubby', 'thin', 'fat', 'almost twig-like'] demeanour_choices = ['glowering', 'bright', 'smiling', 'sombre', 'intelligent'] impression_choices = ['likeable', 'unlikeable', 'dangerous', 'annoying', 'afraid'] # Define description variables gender = random.choice(gender_choices) height = str(float('0.' + str(random.randint(1, 9))) + float(random.randint(1, 2))) if float(height) > 1.8: height_string = 'tall' if float(height) > 2: height_string = 'very tall' elif float(height) < 1.8 and float(height) > 1.5: height_string = 'average' elif float(height) < 1.5: height_string = 'short' if float(height) < 1.3: height_string = 'very short' hair = random.choice(hair_choices2) + ' ' + random.choice(hair_choices) size = random.choice(size_choices) demeanour = random.choice(demeanour_choices) impression = random.choice(impression_choices) # Collect description variables in list 'randomDescriptionVariables' randomDescriptionVariables = ['char', gender, height, height_string, hair, size, demeanour, impression] # Generate description using the 'descriptionGenerator' function descriptionGenerator(randomDescriptionVariables) # Generate the description of a character using the variables passed to the function elif descriptionVariableSize == 8: if descriptionVariables[1] == 'male': if descriptionVariables[7] != 'afraid': print """A %s man, about %s m tall. He has %s hair and is %s. He is %s and you get the impression that he is %s.""" %(descriptionVariables[3], descriptionVariables[2], descriptionVariables[4], descriptionVariables[5], descriptionVariables[6], descriptionVariables[7]) elif descriptionVariables[7] == 'afraid': print """A %s man, about %s m tall. He has %s hair and is %s. He is %s.\nYou feel that you should be %s of him.""" %(descriptionVariables[3], descriptionVariables[2], descriptionVariables[4], descriptionVariables[5], descriptionVariables[6], descriptionVariables[7]) elif descriptionVariables[1] == 'female': if descriptionVariables[7] != 'afraid': print """A %s woman, about %s m tall. She has %s hair and is %s. She is %s and you get the impression that she is %s.""" %(descriptionVariables[3], descriptionVariables[2], descriptionVariables[4], descriptionVariables[5], descriptionVariables[6], descriptionVariables[7]) elif descriptionVariables[7] == 'afraid': print """A %s woman, about %s m tall. She has %s hair and is %s. She is %s.\nYou feel that you should be %s of her.""" %(descriptionVariables[3], descriptionVariables[2], descriptionVariables[4], descriptionVariables[5], descriptionVariables[6], descriptionVariables[7]) else: pass elif descriptionVariables[0] == 'obj': # Insert code here 2 deal with object stuff pass print print myDescriptionVariables = ['char'] i = 0 while i < 30: print print print descriptionGenerator(myDescriptionVariables) i = i + 1 time.sleep(10) When it fails to properly execute it says this: Traceback (most recent call last): File "/Users/Jasper/Development/Programming/MyProjects/Game Making Challenge/Europa I/Code/Code 2.0/bitsandpieces.py", line 79, in <module> descriptionGenerator(myDescriptionVariables) File "/Users/Jasper/Development/Programming/MyProjects/Game Making Challenge/Europa I/Code/Code 2.0/bitsandpieces.py", line 50, in descriptionGenerator randomDescriptionVariables = ['char', gender, height, height_string, hair, size, demeanour, impression] UnboundLocalError: local variable 'height_string' referenced before assignment Thanks for any help with this

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C++: Declaration of template class member specialization

- by Ziv

When I specialize a (static) member function/constant in a template class, I'm confused as to where the declaration is meant to go. Here's an example of what I what to do - yoinked directly from IBM's reference on template specialization: ===IBM Member Specialization Example=== template<class T> class X { public: static T v; static void f(T); }; template<class T> T X<T>::v = 0; template<class T> void X<T>::f(T arg) { v = arg; } template<> char* X<char*>::v = "Hello"; template<> void X<float>::f(float arg) { v = arg * 2; } int main() { X<char*> a, b; X<float> c; c.f(10); // X<float>::v now set to 20 } The question is, how do I divide this into header/cpp files? The generic implementation is obviously in the header, but what about the specialization? It can't go in the header file, because it's concrete, leading to multiple definition. But if it goes into the .cpp file, is code which calls X::f() aware of the specialization, or might it rely on the generic X::f()? So far I've got the specialization in the .cpp only, with no declaration in the header. I'm not having trouble compiling or even running my code (on gcc, don't remember the version at the moment), and it behaves as expected - recognizing the specialization. But A) I'm not sure this is correct, and I'd like to know what is, and B) my Doxygen documentation comes out wonky and very misleading (more on that in a moment a later question). What seems most natural to me would be something like this, declaring the specialization in the header and defining it in the .cpp: ===XClass.hpp=== #ifndef XCLASS_HPP #define XCLASS_HPP template<class T> class X { public: static T v; static void f(T); }; template<class T> T X<T>::v = 0; template<class T> void X<T>::f(T arg) { v = arg; } /* declaration of specialized functions */ template<> char* X<char*>::v; template<> void X<float>::f(float arg); #endif ===XClass.cpp=== #include <XClass.hpp> /* concrete implementation of specialized functions */ template<> char* X<char*>::v = "Hello"; template<> void X<float>::f(float arg) { v = arg * 2; } ...but I have no idea if this is correct. Any ideas? Thanks much, Ziv

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Decomposing a rotation matrix

- by DeadMG

I have a rotation matrix. How can I get the rotation around a specified axis contained within this matrix? Edit: It's a 3D matrix (4x4), and I want to know how far around a predetermined (not contained) axis the matrix rotates. I can already decompose the matrix but D3DX will only give the entire matrix as one rotation around one axis, whereas I need to split the matrix up into angle of rotation around an already-known axis, and the rest. Sample code and brief problem description: D3DXMATRIX CameraRotationMatrix; D3DXVECTOR3 CameraPosition; //D3DXVECTOR3 CameraRotation; inline D3DXMATRIX GetRotationMatrix() { return CameraRotationMatrix; } inline void TranslateCamera(float x, float y, float z) { D3DXVECTOR3 rvec, vec(x, y, z); #pragma warning(disable : 4238) D3DXVec3TransformNormal(&rvec, &vec, &GetRotationMatrix()); #pragma warning(default : 4238) CameraPosition += rvec; RecomputeVPMatrix(); } inline void RotateCamera(float x, float y, float z) { D3DXVECTOR3 RotationRequested(x, y, z); D3DXVECTOR3 XAxis, YAxis, ZAxis; D3DXMATRIX rotationx, rotationy, rotationz; XAxis = D3DXVECTOR3(1, 0, 0); YAxis = D3DXVECTOR3(0, 1, 0); ZAxis = D3DXVECTOR3(0, 0, 1); #pragma warning(disable : 4238) D3DXVec3TransformNormal(&XAxis, &XAxis, &GetRotationMatrix()); D3DXVec3TransformNormal(&YAxis, &YAxis, &GetRotationMatrix()); D3DXVec3TransformNormal(&ZAxis, &ZAxis, &GetRotationMatrix()); #pragma warning(default : 4238) D3DXMatrixIdentity(&rotationx); D3DXMatrixIdentity(&rotationy); D3DXMatrixIdentity(&rotationz); D3DXMatrixRotationAxis(&rotationx, &XAxis, RotationRequested.x); D3DXMatrixRotationAxis(&rotationy, &YAxis, RotationRequested.y); D3DXMatrixRotationAxis(&rotationz, &ZAxis, RotationRequested.z); CameraRotationMatrix *= rotationz; CameraRotationMatrix *= rotationy; CameraRotationMatrix *= rotationx; RecomputeVPMatrix(); } inline void RecomputeVPMatrix() { D3DXMATRIX ProjectionMatrix; D3DXMatrixPerspectiveFovLH( &ProjectionMatrix, FoV, (float)D3DDeviceParameters.BackBufferWidth / (float)D3DDeviceParameters.BackBufferHeight, FarPlane, NearPlane ); D3DXVECTOR3 CamLookAt; D3DXVECTOR3 CamUpVec; #pragma warning(disable : 4238) D3DXVec3TransformNormal(&CamLookAt, &D3DXVECTOR3(1, 0, 0), &GetRotationMatrix()); D3DXVec3TransformNormal(&CamUpVec, &D3DXVECTOR3(0, 1, 0), &GetRotationMatrix()); #pragma warning(default : 4238) D3DXMATRIX ViewMatrix; #pragma warning(disable : 4238) D3DXMatrixLookAtLH(&ViewMatrix, &CameraPosition, &(CamLookAt + CameraPosition), &CamUpVec); #pragma warning(default : 4238) ViewProjectionMatrix = ViewMatrix * ProjectionMatrix; D3DVIEWPORT9 vp = { 0, 0, D3DDeviceParameters.BackBufferWidth, D3DDeviceParameters.BackBufferHeight, 0, 1 }; D3DDev->SetViewport(&vp); } Effectively, after a certain time, when RotateCamera is called, it begins to rotate in the relative X axis- even though constant zero is passed in for that request when responding to mouse input, so I know that when moving the mouse, the camera should not roll at all. I tried spamming 0,0,0 requests and saw no change (one per frame at 1500 frames per second), so I'm fairly sure that I'm not seeing FP error or matrix accumulation error. I tried writing a RotateCameraYZ function and stripping all X-axis from the function. I've spent several days trying to discover why this is the case, and eventually decided on just hacking around it. Just for reference, I've seen some diagrams on Wikipedia, and I actually have a relatively strange axis layout, which is Y axis up, but X axis forwards and Z axis right, so Y axis yaw, Z axis pitch, X axis roll.

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multi divs centered

- by user1319385

I have 2 divs with 3 divs inside them, all 2 wrapped around one big div. I try and center it and its not working. Here is my code: <div stye="margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto; width: 1210px;"> <div id="left" style=" float:left; width: 606px; height: 506px;"> <div style="top:0px; float:left; width:300px; border: 2px solid #FF0; height:502px; text-align:center; font-family: Myriad Pro, Arial, sans-serif; color:#FFF;"><h1>A picture of a cool guy wearing our shirt will go in here.</h1></div> <div style="top:0px; float:left; width:300px; border: 2px solid #FF0; border-left:0px; height:200px; text-align:center; font-family: Myriad Pro, Arial, sans-serif; color:#FFF;"><h1>A product image will go in here.</h1></div> <div style="top:0px; float:left; width:300px; border: 2px solid #FF0;border-top:0px; border-left:0px; height:300px; text-align:center; font-family: Myriad Pro, Arial, sans-serif; color:#FFF;"><h1>A tight product image will go in here.</h1></div> </div> <div id="left" style="float:left; width: 604px; height: 506px;"> <div style="top:0px; float:right; width:300px; border: 2px solid #FF0; border-left:0px; height:502px; text-align:center; font-family: Myriad Pro, Arial, sans-serif; color:#FFF;"><h1>A picture of a cool guy wearing our shirt will go in here.</h1></div> <div style="top:0px; float:left; width:300px; border: 2px solid #FF0; border-left:0px; height:200px; text-align:center; font-family: Myriad Pro, Arial, sans-serif; color:#FFF;"><h1>A product image will go in here.</h1></div> <div style="top:0px; float:left; width:300px; border: 2px solid #FF0;border-top:0px; border-left:0px; height:300px; text-align:center; font-family: Myriad Pro, Arial, sans-serif; color:#FFF;"><h1>A tight product image will go in here.</h1></div> </div> </div>

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