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  • I need help with algorithms, how do I improve?

    - by David Burr
    I usually do well at figuring out solutions to programming assignments but for some reason, I'm really struggling in my Algorithms class. I'm not failing but I know I can do better. When I'm confronted with problems like "Divide the array to 2 subarrays so that the sum of each subarray is equal to the other subarray," I feel like my brain won't cooperate and think and I end up not being able to solve it. Some of the things I'm doing right now to help myself: reading CLR (1st ed.) -- it takes a lot of time for stuff to sink in and I can't understand most of it solving some problems -- no matter how much I try, most of the time, I end up googling for the solution before I understand how to solve it I know that good algorithmic skills are very important because lots of good companies ask these sorts of questions in their interview process so I'm a bit worried right now. What else can can I do to improve my algorithmic/problem solving skills? Any advice on how to deal with this?

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  • subprocess installed post-installation script returned error exit code 1

    - by Laura quintero
    I had installed snort on ubuntu 11.04 and uninstall it because I had problems, to reinstall it leaves a problem: Reading package lists ... done Building dependency tree Reading state information ... done Calculating upgrade ... ready 0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded. 1 not fully installed or removed. 0 B will be used for additional disk space after this operation. Do you want to continue [S / n]? s Configuring snort (2.8.5.2-9.1) ... * Stopping Network Intrusion Detection System snort * - No running snort instance found * Starting Network Intrusion Detection System snort [fail] invoke-rc.d: initscript snort, action "start" failed. dpkg: error processing snort (- configure): subprocess installed post-installation script returned error exit code 1 Errors were encountered while processing: snort E: Sub-process / usr / bin / dpkg Returned an error code (1) any solution? Commands allready used apt-get clean apt-get remove snort sudo apt-get dist-upgrade dpkg - remove - force-remove-reinstreq snort and nothing.

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  • Limited resource practice problems?

    - by Mark
    I'm applying for some big companies and the areas I seem to be getting burned on is problems involving limited memory, disk-space or throughput. These large companies process GBs of data every second (or more), and they need efficient ways of managing all that data. I have no experience with this as none of the projects I have worked on have grown that large. Is there a good place to learn about or practice these sorts of problems? Most of the practice-problem sites I've encountered only have problems where you have to solve something efficiently (usually involving prime numbers) but none of them limit your resources.

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  • Multiplayer Game Listen Servers: Ensuring Integrity

    - by Ankit Soni
    I'm making a simple multiplayer game of Tic Tac Toe in Python using Bridge (its an RPC service built over a message queue - RabbitMQ) and I'd like to structure it so that the client and the server are just one file. When a user runs the game, he is offered a choice to either create a game or join an existing game. So when a user creates a game, the program will create the game and also join him as a player to the game. This is basically a listen server (as opposed to a dedicated server) - a familiar concept in multiplayer games. I came across a really interesting question while trying to make this - how can I ensure that the player hosting the game doesn't tamper with it (or atleast make it difficult)? The player hosting the game has access to the array used to store the board etc., and these must be stored in the process' virtual memory, so it seems like this is impossible. On the other hand, many multiplayer games use this model for LAN games.

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  • Any legal issue in developing app similar to others?

    - by demotics2002
    There is a game I want to develop for mobile devices e.g. cellphone/tablet. I have been looking for this game and couldn't find it so I decide to just do it on my own. But I'm worried that there will be legal issues. I'm sorry but I do not know what is the process in doing this. I noticed for example the game Bejeweled Blitz. If I develop something similar, do I have to contact the developer and ask for permission if I develop a game with similar rules but use shapes rather than jewels? The original game exists only on Windows for free. If I develop the game, exactly similar rules but different display, am I allowed to sell it? Thanks...

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  • How to describe the profession [closed]

    - by Michael Kjörling
    Possible Duplicates: How to explain programming to a non-programmer? Getting non-programmers to understand the development process I was asked a question today that made me think. Here's a middle age person who apparently knows nothing about computers besides this specific application they use (I actually suggested to use Calculator, rather than hunt around the whole office for a hand-held one which had mysteriously vanished, and the fact that the computer could be used for such tasks was apparently news), asking me to explain what programming is about. In general. I tried, but am not sure I managed very well. But it got me thinking. What would be a good way to describe programming, or more generally speaking systems development, to a person like that? How have you responded being put in a similar situation?

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  • Are There Realistic/Useful Solutions for Source Control for Ladder Logic Programs

    - by Steven A. Lowe
    Version control for ladder logic (LL) programs for programmable logic controllers (PLCs) seems to be virtually non-existent. It may be because LL is a visual language and tends to be stored in binary files, or it may be because source code control hasn't "caught on" in process control engineering circles - or perhaps my Google-Fu is weak tonight. Do you know of any realistic and useful solutions for version control for such systems? Definitions: realistic = changes to the programs are tracked by user and subject to reversion and merges useful = the system integrates with visual LL designers, is not limited to LL from a single PLC manufacturer, and does not cost a ridiculous amount of money? Note: I have heard of people using SVN or Mercurial et al to track the binary files, but I don't think the diff/merge capabilities would display readable differences.

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  • SQLite with two python processes accessing it: one reading, one writing

    - by BBnyc
    I'm developing a small system with two components: one polls data from an internet resource and translates it into sql data to persist it locally; the second one reads that sql data from the local instance and serves it via json and a restful api. I was originally planning to persist the data with postgresql, but because the application will have a very low-volume of data to store and traffic to serve, I thought that was overkill. Is SQLite up to the job? I love the idea of the small footprint and no need to maintain yet another sql server for this one task, but am concerned about concurrency. It seems that with write ahead logging enabled, concurrently reading and writing a SQLite database can happen without locking either process out of the database. Can a single SQLite instance sustain two concurrent processes accessing it, if only one reads and the other writes? I started writing the code but was wondering if this is a misapplication of SQLite.

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  • SQL Down Under Show 51 - Guest Conor Cunningham - Now online

    - by Greg Low
    Late last night I got to record an interview with Conor Cunningham.Most people that know Conor have come across him as the product team wizard that knows so much about query processing and optimization in SQL Server. Conor is currently spending quite a lot of time working on Windows Azure SQL Database, which we used to know as SQL Azure. I'm still trying to think of a good way to say "WASD". I suppose I'll pronounce it like "wassid". Windows Azure SQL Reporting is easier. I think it just needs to be pronounced like "wazza" with a very Australian accent.In the show, we've spent time on the current state of the platform, on dispelling a number of common misbeliefs about the product, and hopefully on answering most of the common questions that seem to get asked about it. We then ventured into Federations, Data Sync, and Reporting.You'll find the show (and previous shows) here: http://www.sqldownunder.com/Resources/Podcast.aspxEnjoy!PS: For those that like transcripts, we've got the process for producing them much improved now and the transcript should also be up within a few days.

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  • How to handle mutiple API calls using javascript/jquery

    - by James Privett
    I need to build a service that will call multiple API's at the same time and then output the results on the page (Think of how a price comparison site works for example). The idea being that as each API call completes the results are sent to the browser immediately and the page would get progressively bigger until all process are complete. Because these API calls may take several seconds each to return I would like to do this via javascript/jquery in order to create a better user experience. I have never done anything like this before using javascript/jquery so I was wondering if there was any frameworks/advice that anyone would be willing to share.

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  • Managing .NET Deployment Configuration With Rake

    - by Liam McLennan
    Rake is a ruby internal DSL for build scripting. With (or without) the help of albacore rake makes an excellent build scripting tool for .NET projects. The albacore documentation does a good job of explaining how to build solutions with rake but there is nothing to assist with another common build task – updating configuration files. The following ruby script provides some helper methods for performing common configuration changes that are required as part of a build process.  class ConfigTasks def self.set_app_setting(config_file, key, value) ovsd_element = config_file.root.elements['appSettings'].get_elements("add[@key='#{key}']")[0] ovsd_element.attributes['value'] = value end def self.set_connection_string(config_file, name, connection_string) conn_string_element = config_file.root.elements['connectionStrings'].get_elements("add[@name='#{name}']")[0] conn_string_element.attributes['connectionString'] = connection_string end def self.set_debug_compilation(config_file, debug_compilation) compilation_element = config_file.root.elements['system.web'].get_elements("compilation")[0] compilation_element.attributes['debug'] = false end private def self.write_xml_to_file(xml_document, file) File.open(file, 'w') do |config_file| formatter = REXML::Formatters::Default.new formatter.write(xml_document, config_file) end end end To use, require the file and call the class methods, passing the configuration file name and any other parameters. require 'config_tasks' ConfigTasks.set_app_setting 'web.config', 'enableCache', 'false'

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  • Avoiding Hacker Trix

    - by Mike Benkovich
    Originally posted on: http://geekswithblogs.net/benko/archive/2014/08/20/avoiding-hacker-trix.aspxThis week we're doing a session called "Avoiding Hacker Trix" which goes thru some of the top web exploits that you should be aware of. In this webcast we will cover a variety of things including what we call the secure development process, cross site scripting attack, one click attack, SQL Injection and more. There are a bunch of links we cover, but rather than having you copy these down I'm providing them here... Links from the slide deck: Anti-XSS Library Download www.Fiddler2.com www.HelloSecureWorld.com Open Source Web Application Project - Top 10 Exploits Exploit: Cross Site Scripting - Paypal Exploit: SQL Injection - www.ri.gov Exploit: Cross Site Scripting - FTD Exploit: Insecure Direct Object Reference - Cahoots Exploit: Integer Overflow - Apple

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  • Asus Eee PC 701 4G hangs on boot

    - by Andrew
    I've got an old Eee PC 701 4G with the following specifications: 512 MB RAM 4GB SSD drive SM223AC 8GB SD card extension Screen resolution: 800 x 480 BIOS Revision 1101 (05/16/2008) EC Firmware version: EPC-079 Windows XP SP3 works fine on it, but I decided to switch my OS to Ubuntu. I have downloaded an Ubuntu 10.10 Netbook Remix ISO and wrote it to my FAT32 SD card using Universal-USB-Installer-1.8.3.3, as described on ubuntu.com During standard load from the SD card the boot process hangs up with black screen. If I'll press F6 while preloading Ubuntu, it sucessfully displays the boot menu, selecting language and showing 2 main commands: "Run ubuntu from USB drive" and "Install Ubuntu". Selecting either of these commands leading to the same result - after some background work the main loading indicator is displayed ("Ubuntu" text with dotted progress bar under it), and it's progressing forever without any effect. Is Ubuntu 10.10 compatible with my Eee PC at all? How to boot it correctly?

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  • This Is the Perfect Solution for Stopping Spam [Comic]

    - by The Geek
    Now that’s one anti-spam solution I’d gladly pay for. I’ll take a 5-year subscription, if you’ve got it! Latest Features How-To Geek ETC How to Recover that Photo, Picture or File You Deleted Accidentally How To Colorize Black and White Vintage Photographs in Photoshop How To Get SSH Command-Line Access to Windows 7 Using Cygwin The How-To Geek Video Guide to Using Windows 7 Speech Recognition How To Create Your Own Custom ASCII Art from Any Image How To Process Camera Raw Without Paying for Adobe Photoshop What is the Internet? From the Today Show January 1994 [Historical Video] Take Screenshots and Edit Them in Chrome and Iron Using Aviary Screen Capture Run Android 3.0 on a Hacked Nook Google Art Project Takes You Inside World Famous Museums Emerald Waves and Moody Skies Wallpaper Change Your MAC Address to Avoid Free Internet Restrictions

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  • What are QUICK interview questions for the Microsoft stack development jobs?

    - by Dubmun
    I'm looking for your best "quick answer" technical interview questions. We are a 100% Microsoft shop and do the majority of our development on the ASP.NET web stack in C# and have a custom SOA framework also written in C#. We use a combination of Web Forms, MVC, Web Services, WCF, Entity Framework, SQL Server, TSQL, jQuery, LINQ, and TFS in a SCRUM environment. We are currently on .NET 3.5 with a very near transition to .NET 4.0. Our interviewing process includes a 55 minute interview with two technical people (usually an architect and a senior developer). The two interviewers have to share the time for questions. That isn't enough time for very many true programming problems so I'm looking for more good questions that have quick, yet meaningful, answers. We are mainly interviewing for Senior Dev positions right now but may interview for some Juniors in the future. Please help?

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  • GRUB 2 Error : No such disk

    - by Chandra Sekhar
    I have gone through many pains to boot through my windows 7 partition. I had windows 7, then one fine day I installed Ubuntu and again formatted the partition where Ubuntu was installed only to find the my Windows does not boot(Probably corrupted MBR). I again installed Ubuntu later but the Grub could not detect windows. So I manually added windows by editing the file 40_custom. But when I select the win7 entry in the grub, it displays the error : no such disk. What do I do?? Additional Info : Ubuntu version : 11.10 x64|| Win 7 Home premium, 64 bit|| While in the process of debugging I once also came across the error : Sector 32 being in use by FlexNet.|| Strongly in need of booting my Win 7 without any formats or fresh OS installations. Thankful for any Diagnostics and Solutions to my problem.

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  • Games installed from repos won't start

    - by Shauna
    I'm running Natty (upgraded from Maverick) with Gnome 3 (from the Gnome 3 PPA, Unity removed), and have recently found that some of my games from the repos no longer work. When I go to start them, I get the message Failed to launch [app name]. Failed to execute child process [app name] (no such file or directory). I've so far found this on Gweled and PyScrabble. Other games (Mines, Sudoku, Mahjongg), as well as other applications have opened just fine. Gweled used to open fine until recently. Any ideas on how to fix this?

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  • Keeping It Clean in San Francisco

    - by Oracle OpenWorld Blog Team
    by Karen Shamban Join us on September 15, when California's largest volunteer event -- Coastal Cleanup Day -- is taking place. You can help by joining Oracle, Oracle partners, and many others at the Ocean Beach cleanup.  Be sure to check in at the Oracle table that will be set up there. You'll receive an Oracle t-shirt for participating (while supplies last), and can sign up to receive an emailed code that will get you a complimentary Discover pass* to Oracle OpenWorld and JavaOne. And be sure to get yourself into the group photo, which will be shown on the Oracle OpenWorld and JavaOne Websites. When and where: Ocean Beach at Fulton Street, San Francisco Saturday, September 15, 2012 ">9 a.m. to Noon Click here for more information, and to register. *Oracle employees must register for the conference using the standard process and are not eligible for the Discover pass offer.

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  • Keeping It Clean in San Francisco

    - by Cassandra Clark - OTN
    Join us on September 15, when California's largest volunteer event -- Coastal Cleanup Day -- is taking place. You can help by joining Oracle, Oracle partners, and many others at the Ocean Beach cleanup.    Be sure to check in at the Oracle table that will be there. You'll receive an Oracle t-shirt for participating (while supplies last), and can sign up to receive a complimentary Discover Pass to JavaOne* (will be emailed to you). And be sure to get yourself into the group photo, which will be shown on the JavaOne Website. When and where: Ocean Beach at Fulton Street, San Francisco Saturday, September 15, 2012 9 a.m. to Noon Click here for more information, and to register. *Please note that Oracle employees must register for JavaOne via the standard process and are not eligible for this Discover Pass offer.

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  • Virtual screen size with libgdx and GLES 2

    - by David Saltares Márquez
    I've been trying to use a virtual screen size for my libgdx desktop-android game. I'd like to always use a 16:9 aspect ratio but with a virtual screen size so everything would adapt automatically depending on the device size. This post illustrates the process pretty well but my game crashes when camera.apply(Gdx.Gl10) is called. This is because I'm using GLES 2.0 (for not having to use multiple of 2 texture sizes). As stated in the OrthographicCamera doc, the apply method only works with GLES 1 and GLES 1.1. Is there another way of applying my GL transformation to the camera so I can use a virtual screen resolution? Having to resize everything manually it's a total pain. Thanks a lot.

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  • To My 24 Year Old Self, Wherever You Are&hellip;

    - by D'Arcy Lussier
    A decade is a milestone in one’s life, regardless of when it occurs. 2011 might seem like a weird year to mark a decade, but 2001 was a defining year for me. It marked my emergence into the technology industry, an unexpected loss of innocence, and triggered an ongoing struggle with faith and belief. Once you go through a valley, climbing the mountain and looking back over where you travelled, you can take in the entirety of the journey. Over the last 10 years I kept journals, and in this new year I took some time to review them. For those today that are me a decade ago, I share with you what I’ve gleamed from my experiences. Take it for what it’s worth, and safe travels on your own journeys through life. Life is a Performance-Based Sport Have confidence, believe you’re capable, but realize that life is a performance-based sport. Everything you get in life is based on whether you can show that you deserve it. Performance is also your best defense against personal attacks. Just make sure you know what standards you’re expected to hit and if people want to poke holes at you let them do the work of trying to find them. Sometimes performance won’t matter though. Good things will happen to bad people, and bad things to good people. What’s important is that you do the right things and ensure the good and bad even out in your own life. How you finish is just as important as how you start. Start strong, end strong. Respect is Your Most Prized Reward Respect is more important than status or ego. The formula is simple: Performing Well + Building Trust + Showing Dedication = Respect Focus on perfecting your craft and helping your team and respect will come. Life is a Team Sport Whatever aspect of your life, you can’t do it alone. You need to rely on the people around you and ensure you’re a positive aspect of their lives; even those that may be difficult or unpleasant. Avoid criticism and instead find ways to help colleagues and superiors better whatever environment you’re in (work, home, etc.). Don’t just highlight gaps and issues, but also come to the table with solutions. At the same time though, stand up for yourself and hold others accountable for the commitments they make to the team. A healthy team needs accountability. Give feedback early and often, and make it verbal. Issues should be dealt with immediately, and positives should be celebrated as they happen. Life is a Contact Sport Difficult moments will happen. Don’t run from them or shield yourself from experiencing them. Embrace them. They will further mold you and reveal who you will become. Find Your Tribe and Embrace Your Community We all need a tribe: a group of people that we gravitate to for support, guidance, wisdom, and friendship. Discover your tribe and immerse yourself in them. Don’t look for a non-existent tribe just to fill the need of belonging though that will leave you empty and bitter when they don’t meet your unrealistic expectations. Try to associate with people more experienced and more knowledgeable than you. You’ll always learn, and you’ll always remember you have much to learn. Put yourself out there, get involved with the community. Opportunities will present themselves. When we open ourselves up to be vulnerable, we also give others the chance to do the same. This helps us all to grow and help each other, it’s very important. And listen to your wife. (Easter *is* a romantic holiday btw, regardless of what you may think.) Don’t Believe Your Own Press Clippings (and by that I mean the ones you write) Until you have a track record of performance to refer to, any notions of grandeur are just that: notions. You lose your rookie status through trials and tribulations, not by the number of stamps in your passport. Be realistic about your own “experience and leadership” and be honest when you aren’t ready for something. And always remember: nobody really cares about you as much as you think they do. Don’t Let Assholes Get You Down The world isn’t evil, but there is evil in the world. Know the difference and don’t paint all people with the same brush. Do be wary of those that use personal beliefs to describe their business (i.e. “We’re a [religion] company”). What matters is the culture of the organization, and that will tell you the moral compass and what is truly valued. Don’t make someone or something a priority that only makes you an option. Life is unfair and enemies/opponents will succeed when you fail. Don’t waste your energy getting upset at this; the only one that will lose out is you. As mentioned earlier, nobody really cares about you as much as you think they do. Misc Ecclesiastes is bullshit. Everything is certainly *not* meaningless. Software development is about delivery, not the process. Having a great process means nothing if you don’t produce anything. Watch “The Weatherman” (“It’s not easy, but easy doesn’t enter into grownup life.”). Read Tony Dungee’s autobiography, even if you don’t like football, and even if you aren’t a Christian. Say no, don’t feel like you have to commit right away when someone asks you to.

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  • Is writing software in the absence of requirements a skill to possess or a situation I should avoid?

    - by Brian Reindel
    I find that some software developers are very adept at this, and often times are praised for their ability to deliver a working concept with abstract requirements. Frankly, this drives me crazy, and I don't like "making it up" as I go. I used to think this was problematic, but I've started to sense a shift, and I'm wondering if I need to adjust my thought (and programming) process when given very little direction. Should I begin to acquire this ability as a skill, or stick to the idea that requirement's gathering and business rules are the first priority?

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  • Do you know what is a DevOps Project?

    - by Gopinath
    Yesterday I wrote about OpenStack project, an open source cloud computing stack that lets you build Cloud Computing environments. While reading more on this topic I stumbled about a new type of projects called DevOps projects.  OpenStack is all set to become the first DevOps project, reports Forbes …the way OpenStack is applying the open source model to creating cloud infrastructure, the open source model is on the verge of being extended so that the collaboration and design process will include software, hardware, and networking in the data center as well as operational processes. In modern development, the idea of designing software, data center, and operations using one integrated team is called DevOps.

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  • Easiest turn-base games you can think of?

    - by Edgar Miranda
    I'm planning to get into the process of programming multiplayer turn-base games. I would like to start off by making some of the simplest (yet fun) multiplayer turn-base games out there. What are some that you can provide? For example... Tic-Tac-Toe Rock-Paper-Scissors Checkers Some not so easy games... 4 in a row chess poker In terms of "ease" of implementation I'm mainly looking at logic. For example, Rock-Paper-Scissors has very simple logic, while chess has logic that is more complicated. So far I have the following: Hexagon Heroes of Might and Magic Nine Men's Morris Connect 4 21 (card game) Pen the Pig (The Dot game) Memory Match

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  • Pace Layering Comes Alive

    - by Tanu Sood
    v\:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);} o\:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);} w\:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);} .shape {behavior:url(#default#VML);} Normal 0 false false false EN-US X-NONE X-NONE MicrosoftInternetExplorer4 /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Table Normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-qformat:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0in; mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";} Rick Beers is Senior Director of Product Management for Oracle Fusion Middleware. Prior to joining Oracle, Rick held a variety of executive operational positions at Corning, Inc. and Bausch & Lomb. With a professional background that includes senior management positions in manufacturing, supply chain and information technology, Rick brings a unique set of experiences to cover the impact that technology can have on business models, processes and organizations. Rick hosts the IT Leaders Editorial on a monthly basis. By now, readers of this column are quite familiar with Oracle AppAdvantage, a unified framework of middleware technologies, infrastructure and applications utilizing a pace layered approach to enterprise systems platforms. 1. Standardize and Consolidate core Enterprise Applications by removing invasive customizations, costly workarounds and the complexity that multiple instances creates. 2. Move business specific processes and applications to the Differentiate Layer, thus creating greater business agility with process extensions and best of breed applications managed by cross- application process orchestration. 3. The Innovate Layer contains all the business capabilities required for engagement, collaboration and intuitive decision making. This is the layer where innovation will occur, as people engage one another in a secure yet open and informed way. 4. Simplify IT by minimizing complexity, improving performance and lowering cost with secure, reliable and managed systems across the entire Enterprise. But what hasn’t been discussed is the pace layered architecture that Oracle AppAdvantage adopts. What is it, what are its origins and why is it relevant to enterprise scale applications and technologies? It’s actually a fascinating tale that spans the past 20 years and a basic understanding of it provides a wonderful context to what is evolving as the future of enterprise systems platforms. It all begins in 1994 with a book by noted architect Stewart Brand, of ’Whole Earth Catalog’ fame. In his 1994 book How Buildings Learn, Brand popularized the term ‘Shearing Layers’, arguing that any building is actually a hierarchy of pieces, each of which inherently changes at different rates. In 1997 he produced a 6 part BBC Series adapted from the book, in which Part 6 focuses on Shearing Layers. In this segment Brand begins to introduce the concept of ‘pace’. Brand further refined this idea in his subsequent book, The Clock of the Long Now, which began to link the concept of Shearing Layers to computing and introduced the term ‘pace layering’, where he proposes that: “An imperative emerges: an adaptive [system] has to allow slippage between the differently-paced systems … otherwise the slow systems block the flow of the quick ones and the quick ones tear up the slow ones with their constant change. Embedding the systems together may look efficient at first but over time it is the opposite and destructive as well.” In 2000, IBM architects Ian Simmonds and David Ing published a paper entitled A Shearing Layers Approach to Information Systems Development, which applied the concept of Shearing Layers to systems design and development. It argued that at the time systems were still too rigid; that they constrained organizations by their inability to adapt to changes. The findings in the Conclusions section are particularly striking: “Our starting motivation was that enterprises need to become more adaptive, and that an aspect of doing that is having adaptable computer systems. The challenge is then to optimize information systems development for change (high maintenance) rather than stability (low maintenance). Our response is to make it explicit within software engineering the notion of shearing layers, and explore it as the principle that systems should be built to be adaptable in response to the qualitatively different rates of change to which they will be subjected. This allows us to separate functions that should legitimately change relatively slowly and at significant cost from that which should be changeable often, quickly and cheaply.” The problem at the time of course was that this vision of adaptable systems was simply not possible within the confines of 1st generation ERP, which were conceived, designed and developed for standardization and compliance. It wasn’t until the maturity of open, standards based integration, and the middleware innovation that followed, that pace layering became an achievable goal. And Oracle is leading the way. Oracle’s AppAdvantage framework makes pace layering come alive by taking a strategic vision 20 years in the making and transforming it to a reality. It allows enterprises to retain and even optimize their existing ERP systems, while wrapping around those ERP systems three layers of capabilities that inherently adapt as needed, at a pace that’s optimal for the enterprise.

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