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  • Why is "while" loop really needed in Python?

    - by Tomaž Pisanski
    I was told that 95% of all loops in Python are "for" loops. Since "while" loops are clearly more "dangerous" than "for" loops, I would like to know if there are situations in which the use of a "while" loop is essential. For teaching purposes it would be useful to know if there is a systematic way of transforming "while" loops into "for" loops.

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  • Java: 2-assignments-2-initializations inside for-loop not allowed?

    - by HH
    $ javac MatchTest.java MatchTest.java:7: ')' expected for((int i=-1 && String match="hello"); (i=text.indexOf(match)+1);) ^ MatchTest.java:7: ';' expected for((int i=-1 && String match="hello"); (i=text.indexOf(match)+1);) ^ MatchTest.java:7: ';' expected for((int i=-1 && String match="hello"); (i=text.indexOf(match)+1);) ^ MatchTest.java:7: not a statement for((int i=-1 && String match="hello"); (i=text.indexOf(match)+1);) ^ MatchTest.java:7: illegal start of expression for((int i=-1 && String match="hello"); (i=text.indexOf(match)+1);) ^ 5 errors $ cat MatchTest.java import java.util.*; import java.io.*; public class MatchTest { public static void main(String[] args){ String text = "hello0123456789hello0123456789hello1234567890hello3423243423232"; for((int i=-1 && String match="hello"); (i=text.indexOf(match)+1);) System.out.println(i); } }

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  • Arithmetic operator confusion

    - by Dusk
    Why I'm getting two different values while using the arithmetic operators for the same value of variables. I've just altered little bit my second program, which is resulted in giving me the different output. Could anyone please tell me why? int number=113; int rot=0; rot=number%10; rot*=100+number/10; System.out.println(rot);//333 int number=113; int rot=0; rot=number%10; rot=rot*100+number/10; System.out.println(rot);//311

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  • Trying to set up nested while loops using a boolean switch

    - by thorn100
    First time posting. I'm trying to set up a while loop that will ask the user for the employee name, hours worked and hourly wage until the user enters 'DONE'. Eventually I'll modify the code to calculate the weekly pay and write it to a list, but one thing at a time. The problem is once the main while loop executes once, it just stops. Doesn't error out but just stops. I have to kill the program to get it to stop. I want it to ask the three questions again and again until the user is finished. Thoughts? Please note that this is just an exercise and not meant for any real world application. def getName(): """Asks for the employee's full name""" firstName=raw_input("\nWhat is your first name? ") lastName=raw_input("\nWhat is your last name? ") fullName=firstName.title() + " " + lastName.title() return fullName def getHours(): """Asks for the number of hours the employee worked""" hoursWorked=0 while int(hoursWorked)<1 or int(hoursWorked) > 60: hoursWorked=raw_input("\nHow many hours did the employee work: ") if int(hoursWorked)<1 or int(hoursWorked) > 60: print "Please enter an integer between 1 and 60." else: return hoursWorked def getWage(): """Asks for the employee's hourly wage""" wage=0 while float(wage)<6.00 or float(wage)>20.00: wage=raw_input("\nWhat is the employee's hourly wage: ") if float(wage)<6.00 or float(wage)>20.00: print ("Please enter an hourly wage between $6.00 and $20.00") else: return wage ##sentry variables employeeName="" employeeHours=0 employeeWage=0 booleanDone=False #Enter employee info print "Please enter payroll information for an employee or enter 'DONE' to quit." while booleanDone==False: while employeeName=="": employeeName=getName() if employeeName.lower()=="done": booleanDone=True break print "The employee's name is", employeeName while employeeHours==0: employeeHours=getHours() if employeeHours.lower()=="done": booleanDone=True break print employeeName, "worked", employeeHours, "this week." while employeeWage==0: employeeWage=getWage() if employeeWage.lower()=="done": booleanDone=True break print employeeName + "'s hourly wage is $" + employeeWage

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  • Free Fall Question

    - by Makenshi
    ok im gonna try my best to explain my problem i have this program where u can select 5 balls when u select one you can take it with you while you have the mouse button pressed and its within the ball radius. The problem is that i need a way to make the ball go up when the user stop pressing the mouse button like he sent it to float in the air then make it fall down again i have one way to know the time,velocity and thus the acceleration but i dont know how to implement it... right now i have this void Circulo::caida(float velocidad,float tiempo) { if(this->posY >= 580) { this->posY = 580; this->vcaida = 0.0f; } else if(this->posY < 580) { //this->distancia=9.81f * 0.5f*tiempo*tiempo; this->vcaida += velocidad; this->posY += this->vcaida; } } with this like this it just falls and i cant make the effect i tried to explain... thank you i hope someone can help me .< oh yeah im calculating the time like this just in case it helps difX=(x> evento.motion.xrel)? x-evento.motion.xrel : evento.motion.xrel-x; difY=(y> evento.motion.yrel)? y-evento.motion.yrel : evento.motion.yrel-y; and im sending difY as the time variable

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  • Does a C# using statement perform try/finally?

    - by Lirik
    Suppose that I have the following code: private void UpdateDB(QuoteDataSet dataSet, Strint tableName) { using(SQLiteConnection conn = new SQLiteConnection(_connectionString)) { conn.Open(); using (SQLiteTransaction transaction = conn.BeginTransaction()) { using (SQLiteCommand cmd = new SQLiteCommand("SELECT * FROM " + tableName, conn)) { using (SQLiteDataAdapter sqliteAdapter = new SQLiteDataAdapter()) { sqliteAdapter.Update(dataSet, tableName); } } transaction.Commit(); } } } The C# documentation states that with a using statement the object within the scope will be disposed and I've seen several places where it's suggested that we don't need to use try/finally clause. I usually surround my connections with a try/finally, and I always close the connection in the finally clause. Given the above code, is it reasonable to assume that the connection will be closed if there is an exception?

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  • Inserting multiple types into an SQLite database with Python

    - by mankoff
    I'm trying to create an SQLite 3 database from Python. I have a few types I'd like to insert into each record: A float, and then 3 groups of n floats, currently a tuple but could be an array or list.. I'm not well-enough versed in Python to understand all the differences. My problem is the INSERT statement. DAS = 12345 lats = (42,43,44,45) lons = (10,11,12,13) times = (1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9) import sqlite3 connection = sqlite3.connect("test.db") cursor = connection.cursor() cursor.execute( "create table foo(DAS LONG PRIMARY KEY,lats real(4),lons real(4), times real(9) )" ) I'm not sure what comes next. Something along the lines of: cmd = 'INSERT into foo values (?,?,?,?), ..." cursor.execute(cmd) How should I best build the SQL insert command given this data?

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  • How to create expandable FAQ page in HTML?

    - by CSharperWithJava
    I'd like to create an FAQ page for my website that lists all of the questions as hyperlinks. When the link is clicked, the answer for that question should expand out beneath it. The answers need to be hidden by default, and preferably clicking the link toggles the answers' visibility. Any thoughts?

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  • Getting logging.debug() to work on Google App Engine/Python

    - by brainjam
    I'm just getting started on building a Python app for Google App Engine. In the localhost environment I'm trying to send debug info to the GoogleAppEngineLauncher Log Console via logging.debug(), but it isn't showing up. However, anything sent through, say, logging.info() or logging.error() does show up. I've tried a logging.basicConfig(level=logging.DEBUG) before the logging.debug(), but to no avail. What am I missing?

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  • Good FORTRAN books/tutorials for beginners?

    - by AndrejaKo
    This may be a duplicate of http://stackoverflow.com/questions/31672/learning-fortran-in-the-modern-era, but that thread went on discussing legacy code concerns. Anyway, few months ago in a bookstore sale I picked up book called FORTRAN 66 for PDP-11. I found it interesting and decided it would be nice to learn FORTRAN. So I'm looking for some modern books/tutorials dealing with new versions of FORTRAN.

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  • How to get the original variable name of variable passed to a function

    - by Acorn
    Is it possible to get the original variable name of a variable passed to a function? E.g. foobar = "foo" def func(var): print var.origname So that: func(foobar) Returns: >>foobar EDIT: All I was trying to do was make a function like: def log(soup): f = open(varname+'.html', 'w') print >>f, soup.prettify() f.close() .. and have the function generate the filename from the name of the variable passed to it. I suppose if it's not possible I'll just have to pass the variable and the variable's name as a string each time.

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  • Mysql Text Storage?

    - by mii
    I was wondering if you where to have an article or articles with huge amounts of text, what would be better when creating the database structure for the articles text? And why? What will be the advantages or disadvantages if any?. I was thinking of using one of the data types below to hold the articles text for the MySQL database. VARCHAR TEXT MEDIUMTEXT LONGTEXT

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  • Why doesn't 'Q' unify in this PROLOG program

    - by inspectorG4dget
    Hello SO, I am writing a PROLOG program in which the variable of interest (Q) refuses to unify. I have gotten around this with a hacky solution (include a write statement). But there has to be a way to make this unify, but for the love of me, I am not able to figure it out. I'd really appreciate any help. Thanks in advance. Here is my code (I have annotated wherever I have excluded code for brevity) :- use_module(library(bounds)). :- use_module(library(lists)). solve([17],Q,_,_,_):- write(Q). %this is the hacky workaround solve(L,Q,1,3,2) :- jump(L,Q,N,1,3,2,R), solve(N,R,S,D,M), member([S|[D|[M|[]]]],[[1, 3, 2], [1, 9, 4], [2, 10, 5] this list contains 76 items - all of which are lists of length 3. I have omitted them here for the sake of brevity]). % there are about 75 other definitions for solve, all of which are structured exactly the same. The only difference is that the numbers in the input parameters will be different in each definition jump(L,Q,N,S,D,M,R):- member(S,L), not(member(D,L)), member(M,L), delete(L,S,X), delete(X,M,Y), append(Y,[D],N), append(Q,[[S,D]],R). cross_sol(Q) :- solve([5,9,10,11,17,24],[],S,D,M), member([S,D,M], [ I have edited out this list here for the sake of brevity. It is the same list found in the definition of solve ]). For some reason, Q does not unify. Please help!

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  • Form is trying to save the login value of the submit button to my DB.

    - by Sergio Tapia
    Here's my Zend code: <?php require_once ('Zend\Form.php'); class Sergio_Form_registrationform extends Zend_Form { public function init(){ /*********************USERNAME**********************/ $username = new Zend_Form_Element_Text('username'); $alnumValidator = new Zend_Validate_Alnum(); $username ->setRequired(true) ->setLabel('Username:') ->addFilter('StringToLower') ->addValidator('alnum') ->addValidator('regex', false, array('/^[a-z]+/')) ->addValidator('stringLength',false,array(6,20)); $this->addElement($username); /*********************EMAIL**********************/ $email = new Zend_Form_Element_Text('email'); $alnumValidator = new Zend_Validate_Alnum(); $email ->setRequired(true) ->setLabel('EMail:') ->addFilter('StringToLower') ->addValidator('alnum') ->addValidator('regex', false, array('/^[a-z]+/')) ->addValidator('stringLength',false,array(6,20)); $this->addElement($email); /*********************PASSWORD**********************/ $password = new Zend_Form_Element_Password('password'); $alnumValidator = new Zend_Validate_Alnum(); $password ->setRequired(true) ->setLabel('Password:') ->addFilter('StringToLower') ->addValidator('alnum') ->addValidator('regex', false, array('/^[a-z]+/')) ->addValidator('stringLength',false,array(6,20)); $this->addElement($password); /*********************NAME**********************/ $name = new Zend_Form_Element_Text('name'); $alnumValidator = new Zend_Validate_Alnum(); $name ->setRequired(true) ->setLabel('Name:') ->addFilter('StringToLower') ->addValidator('alnum') ->addValidator('regex', false, array('/^[a-z]+/')) ->addValidator('stringLength',false,array(6,20)); $this->addElement($name); /*********************LASTNAME**********************/ $lastname = new Zend_Form_Element_Text('lastname'); $alnumValidator = new Zend_Validate_Alnum(); $lastname ->setRequired(true) ->setLabel('Last Name:') ->addFilter('StringToLower') ->addValidator('alnum') ->addValidator('regex', false, array('/^[a-z]+/')) ->addValidator('stringLength',false,array(6,20)); $this->addElement($lastname); /*********************DATEOFBIRTH**********************/ $dateofbirth = new Zend_Form_Element_Text('dateofbirth'); $alnumValidator = new Zend_Validate_Alnum(); $dateofbirth->setRequired(true) ->setLabel('Date of Birth:') ->addFilter('StringToLower') ->addValidator('alnum') ->addValidator('regex', false, array('/^[a-z]+/')) ->addValidator('stringLength',false,array(6,20)); $this->addElement($dateofbirth); /*********************AVATAR**********************/ $avatar = new Zend_Form_Element_File('avatar'); $alnumValidator = new Zend_Validate_Alnum(); $avatar ->setRequired(true) ->setLabel('Please select a display picture:'); $this->addElement($avatar); /*********************SUBMIT**********************/ $this->addElement('submit', 'login', array('label' => 'Login')); } } ?> Here's the code I use to save the values: public function saveforminformationAction(){ $form = new Sergio_Form_registrationform(); $request = $this->getRequest(); //if($request->isPost() && $form->isValid($_POST)){ $data = $form->getValues(); $db = $this->_getParam('db'); $db->insert('user',$data); //} } When trying to save the values, I recieve a ghastly error: Column 'login' not found.

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  • Which quotes does a programmer need?

    - by Masi
    My keyboard only has normal quotes, not the smart ones. I have obversed that I need normal ones in cgi development and the backward ones in AWK/SED. Is there any rule when I should use smart quotes, normal ones and backward ones? Obviously, I need to edit my keyboard layout to get the smart quotes.

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  • Python: Remove items from a list while iterating in Python

    - by xApple
    My problem is simple: I have a long list of elements that I want to iterate through and check every element against a condition. Depending on the outcome of the condition I would like to delete the current element of the list, and continue iterating over it as usual. I have read a few other threads on this matter. Two solutions seam to be proposed. Either make a dictionary out of the list (which implies making a copy of all the data that is already filling all the RAM in my case). Either walk the list in reverse (which breaks the concept of the alogrithm I want to implement). Is there any better or more elegant way than this to do it ? def walk_list(list_of_g): g_index = 0 while g_index < len(list_of_g): g_current = list_of_g[g_index] if subtle_condition(g_current): list_of_g.pop(g_index) else: g_index = g_index + 1

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  • Dijkstras Algorithm exaplination java

    - by alchemey89
    Hi, I have found an implementation for dijkstras algorithm on the internet and was wondering if someone could help me understand how the code works. Many thanks private int nr_points=0; private int[][]Cost; private int []mask; private void dijkstraTSP() { if(nr_points==0)return; //algorithm=new String("Dijkstra"); nod1=new Vector(); nod2=new Vector(); weight=new Vector(); mask=new int[nr_points]; //initialise mask with zeros (mask[x]=1 means the vertex is marked as used) for(int i=0;i<nr_points;i++)mask[i]=0; //Dijkstra: int []dd=new int[nr_points]; int []pre=new int[nr_points]; int []path=new int[nr_points+1]; int init_vert=0,pos_in_path=0,new_vert=0; //initialise the vectors for(int i=0;i<nr_points;i++) { dd[i]=Cost[init_vert][i]; pre[i]=init_vert; path[i]=-1; } pre[init_vert]=0; path[0]=init_vert; pos_in_path++; mask[init_vert]=1; for(int k=0;k<nr_points-1;k++) { //find min. cost in dd for(int j=0;j<nr_points;j++) if(dd[j]!=0 && mask[j]==0){new_vert=j; break;} for(int j=0;j<nr_points;j++) if(dd[j]<dd[new_vert] && mask[j]==0 && dd[j]!=0)new_vert=j; mask[new_vert]=1; path[pos_in_path]=new_vert; pos_in_path++; for(int j=0;j<nr_points;j++) { if(mask[j]==0) { if(dd[j]>dd[new_vert]+Cost[new_vert][j]) { dd[j]=dd[new_vert]+Cost[new_vert][j]; } } } } //Close the cycle path[nr_points]=init_vert; //Save the solution in 3 vectors (for graphical purposes) for(int i=0;i<nr_points;i++) { nod1.addElement(path[i]); nod2.addElement(path[i+1]); weight.addElement(Cost[path[i]][path[i+1]]); } }

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  • Best way to get back to using the power of lxml after having to use a regex to find something in an

    - by PyNEwbie
    I am trying to rip some text out of a large number of html documents (numbers in the hundreds of thousands). The documents are really forms but they are prepared by a very large group of different organizations so there is significant variation in how they create the document. For example, the documents are divided into chapters. I might want to extract the contents of Chapter 5 from every document so I can analyze the content of the chapter. Initially I thought this would be easy but it turns out that the authors might use a set of non-nested tables throughout the document to hold the content so that Chapter n could be displayed using td tags inside a table. Or they might use other elements such as p tags H tags, div tags or any other block level element. After trying repeatedly to use lxml to help me identify the beginning and end of each chapter I have determined that it is a lot cleaner to use a regular expression because in every case, no matter what the enclosing html element is the chapter label is always in the form of >Chapter # It is a little more complicated in that there might be some white space or non-breaking space represented in different ways (  or   or just spaces). Nonetheless it was trivial to write a regular expression to identify the beginning of each section. (The beginning of one section is the end of the previous section.) But now I want to use lxml to get the text out. My thought is that I have really no choice but to walk along my string to find the close tag for the element that encloses the text I am using to find the relevant section. That is here is one example where the element holding the Chapter name is a div <div style="DISPLAY: block; MARGIN-LEFT: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0pt" align="left"><font style="DISPLAY: inline; FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman">Chapter 1.&#160;&#160;&#160;Our Beginnings.</font></div> So I am imagining that I would begin at the location where I found the match for chapter 1 and set up a regular expressions to find the next </div|</td|</p|</h1 . . . So at this point I have identified the type of element holding my chapter heading I can use the same logic to find all of the text that is within that element that is set up a regular expression to help me mark from >Chapter 1.&#160;&#160;&#160;Our Beginnings.< So I have identified where my Chapter 1 begins I can do the same for chapter 2 (which is where Chapter 1 ends) Now I am imagining that I am going to snip the document beginning at the opening of the element that I identified as the element the indicates where chapter 1 begins and ending just before the opening of the element that I identified as the element that indicates where Chapter 2 begins. The string that I have identified will then be fed to lxml to use its power to get the content. I am going to all of this trouble because I have read over and over - never use a regular expression to extract content from html documents and I have not hit on a way to be as accurate with lxml to identify the starting and ending locations for the text I want to extract. For example, I can never be certain that the subtitle of Chapter 1 is Our Beginnings it could be Our Red Canary. Let me say that I spent two solid days trying with lxml to be confident that I had the beginning and ending elements and I could only be accurate <60% of the time but a very short regular expression has given me better than 95% success. I have a tendency to make things more complicated than necessary so I am wondering if anyone has seen or solved a similar problems and if they had an approach (not the details mind you) that they would like to offer.

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  • Python and a "time value of money" problem.

    - by jamieb
    (I asked this question earlier today, but I did a poor job of explaining myself. Let me try again) I have a client who is an industrial maintenance company. They sell service agreements that are prepaid 20 hour blocks of a technician's time. Some of their larger customers might burn through that agreement in two weeks while customers with fewer problems might go eight months on that same contract. I would like to use Python to help model projected sales revenue and determine how many billable hours per month that they'll be on the hook for. If each customer only ever bought a single service contract (never renewed) it would be easy to figure sales as monthly_revenue = contract_value * qty_contracts_sold. Billable hours would also be easy: billable_hrs = hrs_per_contract * qty_contracts_sold. However, how do I account for renewals? Assuming that 90% (or some other arbitrary amount) of customers renew, then their monthly revenue ought to grow geometrically. Another important variable is how long the average customer burns through a contract. How do I determine what the revenue and billable hours will be 3, 6, or 12 months from now, based on various renewal and burn rates? I assume that I'd use some type of recursive function but math was never one of my strong points. Any suggestions please? Edit: I'm thinking that the best way to approach this is to think of it as a "time value of money" problem. I've retitled the question as such. The problem is probably a lot more common if you think of "monthly sales" as something similar to annuity payments.

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  • python regex of a date in some text, enclosed by two keywords

    - by Horace Ho
    This is Part 2 of this question and thanks very much for David's answer. What if I need to extract dates which are bounded by two keywords? Example: text = "One 09 Jun 2011 Two 10 Dec 2012 Three 15 Jan 2015 End" Case 1 bounding keyboards: "One" and "Three" Result expected: ['09 Jun 2011', '10 Dec 2012'] Case 2 bounding keyboards: "Two" and "End" Result expected: ['10 Dec 2012', '15 Jan 2015'] Thanks!

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  • How can this PHP code be improved? What should change?

    - by Noctis Skytower
    This is a custom encryption library. I do not know much about PHP's standard library of functions and was wondering if the following code can be improved in any way. The implementation should yield the same results, the API should remain as it is, but ways to make is more PHP-ish would be greatly appreciated. Code <?php /*************************************** Create random major and minor SPICE key. ***************************************/ function crypt_major() { $all = range("\x00", "\xFF"); shuffle($all); $major_key = implode("", $all); return $major_key; } function crypt_minor() { $sample = array(); do { array_push($sample, 0, 1, 2, 3); } while (count($sample) != 256); shuffle($sample); $list = array(); for ($index = 0; $index < 64; $index++) { $b12 = $sample[$index * 4] << 6; $b34 = $sample[$index * 4 + 1] << 4; $b56 = $sample[$index * 4 + 2] << 2; $b78 = $sample[$index * 4 + 3]; array_push($list, $b12 + $b34 + $b56 + $b78); } $minor_key = implode("", array_map("chr", $list)); return $minor_key; } /*************************************** Create the SPICE key via the given name. ***************************************/ function named_major($name) { srand(crc32($name)); return crypt_major(); } function named_minor($name) { srand(crc32($name)); return crypt_minor(); } /*************************************** Check validity for major and minor keys. ***************************************/ function _check_major($key) { if (is_string($key) && strlen($key) == 256) { foreach (range("\x00", "\xFF") as $char) { if (substr_count($key, $char) == 0) { return FALSE; } } return TRUE; } return FALSE; } function _check_minor($key) { if (is_string($key) && strlen($key) == 64) { $indexs = array(); foreach (array_map("ord", str_split($key)) as $byte) { foreach (range(6, 0, 2) as $shift) { array_push($indexs, ($byte >> $shift) & 3); } } $dict = array_count_values($indexs); foreach (range(0, 3) as $index) { if ($dict[$index] != 64) { return FALSE; } } return TRUE; } return FALSE; } /*************************************** Create encode maps for encode functions. ***************************************/ function _encode_map_1($major) { return array_map("ord", str_split($major)); } function _encode_map_2($minor) { $map_2 = array(array(), array(), array(), array()); $list = array(); foreach (array_map("ord", str_split($minor)) as $byte) { foreach (range(6, 0, 2) as $shift) { array_push($list, ($byte >> $shift) & 3); } } for ($byte = 0; $byte < 256; $byte++) { array_push($map_2[$list[$byte]], chr($byte)); } return $map_2; } /*************************************** Create decode maps for decode functions. ***************************************/ function _decode_map_1($minor) { $map_1 = array(); foreach (array_map("ord", str_split($minor)) as $byte) { foreach (range(6, 0, 2) as $shift) { array_push($map_1, ($byte >> $shift) & 3); } } return $map_1; }function _decode_map_2($major) { $map_2 = array(); $temp = array_map("ord", str_split($major)); for ($byte = 0; $byte < 256; $byte++) { $map_2[$temp[$byte]] = chr($byte); } return $map_2; } /*************************************** Encrypt or decrypt the string with maps. ***************************************/ function _encode($string, $map_1, $map_2) { $cache = ""; foreach (str_split($string) as $char) { $byte = $map_1[ord($char)]; foreach (range(6, 0, 2) as $shift) { $cache .= $map_2[($byte >> $shift) & 3][mt_rand(0, 63)]; } } return $cache; } function _decode($string, $map_1, $map_2) { $cache = ""; $temp = str_split($string); for ($iter = 0; $iter < strlen($string) / 4; $iter++) { $b12 = $map_1[ord($temp[$iter * 4])] << 6; $b34 = $map_1[ord($temp[$iter * 4 + 1])] << 4; $b56 = $map_1[ord($temp[$iter * 4 + 2])] << 2; $b78 = $map_1[ord($temp[$iter * 4 + 3])]; $cache .= $map_2[$b12 + $b34 + $b56 + $b78]; } return $cache; } /*************************************** This is the public interface for coding. ***************************************/ function encode_string($string, $major, $minor) { if (is_string($string)) { if (_check_major($major) && _check_minor($minor)) { $map_1 = _encode_map_1($major); $map_2 = _encode_map_2($minor); return _encode($string, $map_1, $map_2); } } return FALSE; } function decode_string($string, $major, $minor) { if (is_string($string) && strlen($string) % 4 == 0) { if (_check_major($major) && _check_minor($minor)) { $map_1 = _decode_map_1($minor); $map_2 = _decode_map_2($major); return _decode($string, $map_1, $map_2); } } return FALSE; } ?> This is a sample showing how the code is being used. Hex editors may be of help with the input / output. Example <?php # get and process all of the form data @ $input = htmlspecialchars($_POST["input"]); @ $majorname = htmlspecialchars($_POST["majorname"]); @ $minorname = htmlspecialchars($_POST["minorname"]); @ $majorkey = htmlspecialchars($_POST["majorkey"]); @ $minorkey = htmlspecialchars($_POST["minorkey"]); @ $output = htmlspecialchars($_POST["output"]); # process the submissions by operation # CREATE @ $operation = $_POST["operation"]; if ($operation == "Create") { if (strlen($_POST["majorname"]) == 0) { $majorkey = bin2hex(crypt_major()); } if (strlen($_POST["minorname"]) == 0) { $minorkey = bin2hex(crypt_minor()); } if (strlen($_POST["majorname"]) != 0) { $majorkey = bin2hex(named_major($_POST["majorname"])); } if (strlen($_POST["minorname"]) != 0) { $minorkey = bin2hex(named_minor($_POST["minorname"])); } } # ENCRYPT or DECRYPT function is_hex($char) { if ($char == "0"): return TRUE; elseif ($char == "1"): return TRUE; elseif ($char == "2"): return TRUE; elseif ($char == "3"): return TRUE; elseif ($char == "4"): return TRUE; elseif ($char == "5"): return TRUE; elseif ($char == "6"): return TRUE; elseif ($char == "7"): return TRUE; elseif ($char == "8"): return TRUE; elseif ($char == "9"): return TRUE; elseif ($char == "a"): return TRUE; elseif ($char == "b"): return TRUE; elseif ($char == "c"): return TRUE; elseif ($char == "d"): return TRUE; elseif ($char == "e"): return TRUE; elseif ($char == "f"): return TRUE; else: return FALSE; endif; } function hex2bin($str) { if (strlen($str) % 2 == 0): $string = strtolower($str); else: $string = strtolower("0" . $str); endif; $cache = ""; $temp = str_split($str); for ($index = 0; $index < count($temp) / 2; $index++) { $h1 = $temp[$index * 2]; if (is_hex($h1)) { $h2 = $temp[$index * 2 + 1]; if (is_hex($h2)) { $cache .= chr(hexdec($h1 . $h2)); } else { return FALSE; } } else { return FALSE; } } return $cache; } if ($operation == "Encrypt" || $operation == "Decrypt") { # CHECK FOR ANY ERROR $errors = array(); if (strlen($_POST["input"]) == 0) { $output = ""; } $binmajor = hex2bin($_POST["majorkey"]); if (strlen($_POST["majorkey"]) == 0) { array_push($errors, "There must be a major key."); } elseif ($binmajor == FALSE) { array_push($errors, "The major key must be in hex."); } elseif (_check_major($binmajor) == FALSE) { array_push($errors, "The major key is corrupt."); } $binminor = hex2bin($_POST["minorkey"]); if (strlen($_POST["minorkey"]) == 0) { array_push($errors, "There must be a minor key."); } elseif ($binminor == FALSE) { array_push($errors, "The minor key must be in hex."); } elseif (_check_minor($binminor) == FALSE) { array_push($errors, "The minor key is corrupt."); } if ($_POST["operation"] == "Decrypt") { $bininput = hex2bin(str_replace("\r", "", str_replace("\n", "", $_POST["input"]))); if ($bininput == FALSE) { if (strlen($_POST["input"]) != 0) { array_push($errors, "The input data must be in hex."); } } elseif (strlen($bininput) % 4 != 0) { array_push($errors, "The input data is corrupt."); } } if (count($errors) != 0) { # ERRORS ARE FOUND $output = "ERROR:"; foreach ($errors as $error) { $output .= "\n" . $error; } } elseif (strlen($_POST["input"]) != 0) { # CONTINUE WORKING if ($_POST["operation"] == "Encrypt") { # ENCRYPT $output = substr(chunk_split(bin2hex(encode_string($_POST["input"], $binmajor, $binminor)), 58), 0, -2); } else { # DECRYPT $output = htmlspecialchars(decode_string($bininput, $binmajor, $binminor)); } } } # echo the form with the values filled echo "<P><TEXTAREA class=maintextarea name=input rows=25 cols=25>" . $input . "</TEXTAREA></P>\n"; echo "<P>Major Name:</P>\n"; echo "<P><INPUT id=textbox1 name=majorname value=\"" . $majorname . "\"></P>\n"; echo "<P>Minor Name:</P>\n"; echo "<P><INPUT id=textbox1 name=minorname value=\"" . $minorname . "\"></P>\n"; echo "<DIV style=\"TEXT-ALIGN: center\"><INPUT class=submit type=submit value=Create name=operation>\n"; echo "</DIV>\n"; echo "<P>Major Key:</P>\n"; echo "<P><INPUT id=textbox1 name=majorkey value=\"" . $majorkey . "\"></P>\n"; echo "<P>Minor Key:</P>\n"; echo "<P><INPUT id=textbox1 name=minorkey value=\"" . $minorkey . "\"></P>\n"; echo "<DIV style=\"TEXT-ALIGN: center\"><INPUT class=submit type=submit value=Encrypt name=operation> \n"; echo "<INPUT class=submit type=submit value=Decrypt name=operation> </DIV>\n"; echo "<P>Result:</P>\n"; echo "<P><TEXTAREA class=maintextarea name=output rows=25 readOnly cols=25>" . $output . "</TEXTAREA></P></DIV></FORM>\n"; ?> What should be editted for better memory efficiency or faster execution?

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  • How to debug Ruby base methods in Netbeans ?

    - by Bragaadeesh
    Hi, I am able to debug my ruby program. At times, I would want to go inside the library methods and see what is happening. How to achieve it in Ruby. For example, [ 3, 1, 7, 0 ].sort i would want to go inside the sort method and see how that works lively. In Java+Eclipse this is possible, all I have to do is to attach the source of Foundation classes in Eclipse. Is it possible in Ruby with Netbeans as IDE? Thanks

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  • Cocoa Drag and Drop, reading back the data

    - by kodai
    Ok, I have a NSOutlineView set up, and I want it to capture PDF's if a pdf is dragged into the NSOutlineView. My first question, I have the following code: [outlineView registerForDraggedTypes:[NSArray arrayWithObjects:NSStringPboardType, NSFilenamesPboardType, nil]]; In all the apple Docs and examples I've seen I've also seen something like MySupportedType being an object registered for dragging. What does this mean? Do I change the code to be: [outlineView registerForDraggedTypes:[NSArray arrayWithObjects:@"pdf", NSStringPboardType, NSFilenamesPboardType, nil]]; Currently I have it set up to recognize drag and drop, and I can even make it spit out the URL of the dragged file once the drag is accepted, however, this leads me to my second question. I want to keep a copy of those PDF's app side. I suppose, and correct me if I'm wrong, that the best way to do this is to grab the data off the clipboard, save it in some persistant store, and that's that. (as apposed to using some sort of copy command and literally copying the file to the app director.) That being said, I'm not sure how to do that. I've the code: - (BOOL)outlineView:(NSOutlineView *)ov acceptDrop:(id <NSDraggingInfo>)info item:(id)item childIndex:(NSInteger)childIndex { NSPasteboard *pboard = [info draggingPasteboard]; NSURL *fileURL; if ( [[pboard types] containsObject:NSURLPboardType] ) { fileURL = [NSURL URLFromPasteboard:pboard]; // Perform operation using the file’s URL } NSData *data = [pboard dataForType:@"NSPasteboardTypePDF"]; But this never actually gets any data. Like I said before, it does get the URL, just not the data. Does anyone have any advise on how to get this going? Thanks so much!

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