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  • No HDMI Audio with GeForce 9600GT and nForce board

    - by Bobby
    I've been trying to get HDMI with sound working for the last few days, and I'm a little bit out of ideas. (I've verified that the hardware/Setup works via Windows.) aplay does not list my HDMI device: $ aplay -l **** List of PLAYBACK Hardware Devices **** card 0: NVidia [HDA NVidia], device 0: ALC662 rev1 Analog [ALC662 rev1 Analog] Subdevices: 1/1 Subdevice #0: subdevice #0 card 0: NVidia [HDA NVidia], device 1: ALC662 rev1 Digital [ALC662 rev1 Digital] Subdevices: 1/1 Subdevice #0: subdevice #0 I've already compiled the alsa drivers (1.0.24) from a snapshot (with --with-oss=no) and added the line options snd-hda-intel model=auto # Tried 3stack-dig and 6stack-dig too to /etc/modprobe.d/alsa-base.conf. Still, the device does not show up. If it is important, the HDMI TV is at the moment not configured to be part of the X session (I've tried that to, at least with X restart, and it didn't change anything). What did I miss? $ lspci 00:00.0 Host bridge: nVidia Corporation Device 07c3 (rev a2) 00:00.1 RAM memory: nVidia Corporation nForce 630i memory controller (rev a2) 00:01.0 RAM memory: nVidia Corporation nForce 630i memory controller (rev a1) 00:01.1 RAM memory: nVidia Corporation nForce 630i memory controller (rev a1) 00:01.2 RAM memory: nVidia Corporation nForce 630i memory controller (rev a1) 00:01.3 RAM memory: nVidia Corporation nForce 630i memory controller (rev a1) 00:01.4 RAM memory: nVidia Corporation nForce 630i memory controller (rev a1) 00:01.5 RAM memory: nVidia Corporation nForce 630i memory controller (rev a1) 00:01.6 RAM memory: nVidia Corporation nForce 630i memory controller (rev a1) 00:02.0 RAM memory: nVidia Corporation nForce 630i memory controller (rev a1) 00:03.0 ISA bridge: nVidia Corporation MCP73 LPC Bridge (rev a2) 00:03.1 SMBus: nVidia Corporation MCP73 SMBus (rev a1) 00:03.2 RAM memory: nVidia Corporation MCP73 Memory Controller (rev a1) 00:03.4 RAM memory: nVidia Corporation MCP73 Memory Controller (rev a1) 00:04.0 USB Controller: nVidia Corporation GeForce 7100/nForce 630i USB (rev a1) 00:04.1 USB Controller: nVidia Corporation MCP73 [nForce 630i] USB 2.0 Controller (EHCI) (rev a1) 00:08.0 IDE interface: nVidia Corporation MCP73 IDE (rev a1) 00:09.0 Audio device: nVidia Corporation MCP73 High Definition Audio (rev a1) 00:0a.0 PCI bridge: nVidia Corporation MCP73 PCI Express bridge (rev a1) 00:0b.0 PCI bridge: nVidia Corporation MCP73 PCI Express bridge (rev a1) 00:0c.0 PCI bridge: nVidia Corporation MCP73 PCI Express bridge (rev a1) 00:0d.0 PCI bridge: nVidia Corporation MCP73 PCI Express bridge (rev a1) 00:0e.0 IDE interface: nVidia Corporation MCP73 IDE (rev a2) 00:0f.0 Ethernet controller: nVidia Corporation MCP73 Ethernet (rev a2) 02:00.0 VGA compatible controller: nVidia Corporation G94 [GeForce 9600 GT] (rev a1)   $ aplay -L default pulse Playback/recording through the PulseAudio sound server front:CARD=NVidia,DEV=0 HDA NVidia, ALC662 rev1 Analog Front speakers surround40:CARD=NVidia,DEV=0 HDA NVidia, ALC662 rev1 Analog 4.0 Surround output to Front and Rear speakers surround41:CARD=NVidia,DEV=0 HDA NVidia, ALC662 rev1 Analog 4.1 Surround output to Front, Rear and Subwoofer speakers surround50:CARD=NVidia,DEV=0 HDA NVidia, ALC662 rev1 Analog 5.0 Surround output to Front, Center and Rear speakers surround51:CARD=NVidia,DEV=0 HDA NVidia, ALC662 rev1 Analog 5.1 Surround output to Front, Center, Rear and Subwoofer speakers surround71:CARD=NVidia,DEV=0 HDA NVidia, ALC662 rev1 Analog 7.1 Surround output to Front, Center, Side, Rear and Woofer speakers iec958:CARD=NVidia,DEV=0 HDA NVidia, ALC662 rev1 Digital IEC958 (S/PDIF) Digital Audio Output dmix:CARD=NVidia,DEV=0 HDA NVidia, ALC662 rev1 Analog Direct sample mixing device dmix:CARD=NVidia,DEV=1 HDA NVidia, ALC662 rev1 Digital Direct sample mixing device dsnoop:CARD=NVidia,DEV=0 HDA NVidia, ALC662 rev1 Analog Direct sample snooping device dsnoop:CARD=NVidia,DEV=1 HDA NVidia, ALC662 rev1 Digital Direct sample snooping device hw:CARD=NVidia,DEV=0 HDA NVidia, ALC662 rev1 Analog Direct hardware device without any conversions hw:CARD=NVidia,DEV=1 HDA NVidia, ALC662 rev1 Digital Direct hardware device without any conversions plughw:CARD=NVidia,DEV=0 HDA NVidia, ALC662 rev1 Analog Hardware device with all software conversions plughw:CARD=NVidia,DEV=1 HDA NVidia, ALC662 rev1 Digital Hardware device with all software conversions

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  • In a digital photo, detecting if a mountain is obscured by clouds.

    - by Gavin Brock
    The problem I have a collection of digital photos of a mountain in Japan. However the mountain is often obscured by clouds or fog. What techniques can I use to detect that the mountain is visible in the image? I am currently using Perl with the Imager module, but open to alternatives. All the images are taken from the exact same position - these are some samples. My naïve solution I started by taking several horizontal pixel samples of the mountain cone and comparing the brightness values to other samples from the sky. This worked well for differentiating good image 1 and bad image 2. However in the autumn it snowed and the mountain became brighter than the sky, like image 3, and my simple brightness test started to fail. Image 4 is an example of an edge case. I would classify this as a good image since some of the mountain is clearly visible.

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  • How to verify an XML digital signature in Cocoa?

    - by Geoff Smith
    I have a C# application that uses XML digital signatures to sign license files. I've used the standard Microsoft approach described here. I'm porting the application to the MAC and need to verify the signature. My general question is how best to do this? This is what I've done: I've used macport to install Aleksey's xmlsec1 library. Used the Chilkat library to convert my XML public key to a PEM file Chilkat.PublicKey pubKey = new Chilkat.PublicKey(); pubKey.LoadXml(publicKeyXml); pubKey.SaveOpenSslPemFile("publicKey.pem"); Compiled and ran the alekseys sample program. See (http://www.aleksey.com/xmlsec/api/xmlsec-verify-with-key.html) to verify an XML dsig. Result: my license files fail to validate. The call to xmlSecDSigCtxVerify fails with status=unknown. Now for my specific question: What can I do next? Geoff

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  • Old Sony Digital Tape Handycam, imported Video is sped up?

    - by thatryan
    Friend gave me their OLD handycam and a bunch of tapes asking me to put them on a DVD. The model is Sony DCR-TVR103 and it records onto Hi8 Digital tapes. It has a firewire port also. I am trying to use import function in iMovie on OS X 10.6. Every import though the video is super fast, like playing in fast forward. Ever seen anything like this? How can I import this video? Thank you.

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  • Mysql optimization question - How to apply AND logic in search and limit on results in one query?

    - by sandeepan-nath
    This is a little long but I have provided all the database structures and queries so that you can run it immediately and help me. Run the following queries:- CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `Tutor_Details` ( `id_tutor` int(10) NOT NULL auto_increment, `firstname` varchar(100) NOT NULL default '', `surname` varchar(155) NOT NULL default '', PRIMARY KEY (`id_tutor`) ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1 AUTO_INCREMENT=41 ; INSERT INTO `Tutor_Details` (`id_tutor`,`firstname`, `surname`) VALUES (1, 'Sandeepan', 'Nath'), (2, 'Bob', 'Cratchit'); CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `Classes` ( `id_class` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL auto_increment, `id_tutor` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL default '0', `class_name` varchar(255) default NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`id_class`) ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 AUTO_INCREMENT=229 ; INSERT INTO `Classes` (`id_class`,`class_name`, `id_tutor`) VALUES (1, 'My Class', 1), (2, 'Sandeepan Class', 2); CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `Tags` ( `id_tag` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL auto_increment, `tag` varchar(255) default NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`id_tag`), UNIQUE KEY `tag` (`tag`), KEY `id_tag` (`id_tag`), KEY `tag_2` (`tag`), KEY `tag_3` (`tag`) ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1 AUTO_INCREMENT=18 ; INSERT INTO `Tags` (`id_tag`, `tag`) VALUES (1, 'Bob'), (6, 'Class'), (2, 'Cratchit'), (4, 'Nath'), (3, 'Sandeepan'), (5, 'My'); CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `Tutors_Tag_Relations` ( `id_tag` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL default '0', `id_tutor` int(10) default NULL, KEY `Tutors_Tag_Relations` (`id_tag`), KEY `id_tutor` (`id_tutor`), KEY `id_tag` (`id_tag`) ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1; INSERT INTO `Tutors_Tag_Relations` (`id_tag`, `id_tutor`) VALUES (3, 1), (4, 1), (1, 2), (2, 2); CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `Class_Tag_Relations` ( `id_tag` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL default '0', `id_class` int(10) default NULL, `id_tutor` int(10) NOT NULL, KEY `Class_Tag_Relations` (`id_tag`), KEY `id_class` (`id_class`), KEY `id_tag` (`id_tag`) ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1; INSERT INTO `Class_Tag_Relations` (`id_tag`, `id_class`, `id_tutor`) VALUES (5, 1, 1), (6, 1, 1), (3, 2, 2), (6, 2, 2); Following is about the tables:- There are tutors who create classes. Tutor_Details - Stores tutors Classes - Stores classes created by tutors And for searching we are using a tags based approach. All the keywords are stored in tags table (while classes/tutors are created) and tag relations are entered in Tutor_Tag_Relations and Class_Tag_Relations tables (for tutors and classes respectively)like this:- Tags - id_tag tag (this is a a unique field) Tutors_Tag_Relations - Stores tag relations while the tutors are created. Class_Tag_Relations - Stores tag relations while any tutor creates a class In the present data in database, tutor "Sandeepan Nath" has has created class "My Class" and "Bob Cratchit" has created "Sandeepan Class". 3.Requirement The requirement is to return tutor records from Tutor_Details table such that all the search terms (AND logic) are present in the union of these two sets - 1. Tutor_Details table 2. classes created by a tutor in Classes table) Example search and expected results:- Search Term Result "Sandeepan Class" Tutor Sandeepan Nath's record from Tutor Details table "Class" Both the tutors from ... Most importantly, there should be only one mysql query and a LIMIT applicable on the number of results. Following is a working query which I have so far written (It just applies OR logic of search key words instead of the desired AND logic). SELECT td . * FROM Tutor_Details AS td LEFT JOIN Tutors_Tag_Relations AS ttagrels ON td.id_tutor = ttagrels.id_tutor LEFT JOIN Classes AS wc ON td.id_tutor = wc.id_tutor INNER JOIN Class_Tag_Relations AS wtagrels ON td.id_tutor = wtagrels.id_tutor LEFT JOIN Tags AS t ON t.id_tag = ttagrels.id_tag OR t.id_tag = wtagrels.id_tag WHERE t.tag LIKE '%Sandeepan%' OR t.tag LIKE '%Nath%' GROUP BY td.id_tutor LIMIT 20 Please help me with anything you can. Thanks

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  • How can I shared controller logic in ASP.NET MVC for 2 controllers, where they are overriden

    - by AbeP
    Hello, I am trying to implement user-friendly URLS, while keeping the existing routes, and was able to do so using the ActionName tag on top of my controller (http://stackoverflow.com/questions/436866/can-you-overload-controller-methods-in-asp-net-mvc) I have 2 controllers: ActionName("UserFriendlyProjectIndex")] public ActionResult Index(string projectName) { ... } public ActionResult Index(long id) { ... } Basically, what I am trying to do is I store the user-friendly URL in the database for each project. If the user enters the URL /Project/TopSecretProject/, the action UserFriendlyProjectIndex gets called. I do a database lookup and if everything checks out, I want to apply the exact same logic that is used in the Index action. I am basically trying to avoid writing duplicate code. I know I can separate the common logic into another method, but I wanted to see if there is a built-in way of doing this in ASP.NET MVC. Any suggestions? I tried the following and I go the View could not be found error message: [ActionName("UserFriendlyProjectIndex")] public ActionResult Index(string projectName) { var filteredProjectName = projectName.EscapeString().Trim(); if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(filteredProjectName)) return RedirectToAction("PageNotFound", "Error"); using (var db = new PIMPEntities()) { var project = db.Project.Where(p => p.UserFriendlyUrl == filteredProjectName).FirstOrDefault(); if (project == null) return RedirectToAction("PageNotFound", "Error"); return View(Index(project.ProjectId)); } } Here's the error message: The view 'UserFriendlyProjectIndex' or its master could not be found. The following locations were searched: ~/Views/Project/UserFriendlyProjectIndex.aspx ~/Views/Project/UserFriendlyProjectIndex.ascx ~/Views/Shared/UserFriendlyProjectIndex.aspx ~/Views/Shared/UserFriendlyProjectIndex.ascx Project\UserFriendlyProjectIndex.spark Shared\UserFriendlyProjectIndex.spark I am using the SparkViewEngine as the view engine and LINQ-to-Entities, if that helps. thank you!

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  • Mysql - Help me alter this query to apply AND logic instead of OR in searching?

    - by sandeepan-nath
    First execute these tables and data dumps :- CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `Tags` ( `id_tag` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL auto_increment, `tag` varchar(255) default NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`id_tag`), UNIQUE KEY `tag` (`tag`), KEY `id_tag` (`id_tag`), KEY `tag_2` (`tag`), KEY `tag_3` (`tag`) ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1 AUTO_INCREMENT=18 ; INSERT INTO `Tags` (`id_tag`, `tag`) VALUES (1, 'key1'), (2, 'key2'); CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `Tutors_Tag_Relations` ( `id_tag` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL default '0', `id_tutor` int(10) default NULL, KEY `Tutors_Tag_Relations` (`id_tag`), KEY `id_tutor` (`id_tutor`), KEY `id_tag` (`id_tag`) ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1; INSERT INTO `Tutors_Tag_Relations` (`id_tag`, `id_tutor`) VALUES (1, 1), (2, 1); The following query finds all the tutors from Tutors_Tag_Relations table which have reference to at least one of the terms "key1" or "key2". SELECT td . * FROM Tutors_Tag_Relations AS td INNER JOIN Tags AS t ON t.id_tag = td.id_tag WHERE t.tag LIKE "%key1%" OR t.tag LIKE "%key2%" Group by td.id_tutor LIMIT 10 Please help me modify this query so that it returns all the tutors from Tutors_Tag_Relations table which have reference to both the terms "key1" and "key2" (AND logic instead of OR logic). Please suggest an optimized query considering huge number of data records (the query should NOT individually fetch two sets of tutors matching each keyword and then find the intersection).

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  • How can I retrieve data from a Western Digital Passport External Disk which is not getting recognized but getting shown as healthy in Device manager

    - by Rabimba Karanjai
    When I plug in this external harddisk It is not getting shown in the My Computer. But it gets shown perfectly well in the Device Manager When I go into the Computer Administrative panel and into the disk manager it asks me to initialize the disk Now when I try to initialize it, regardless of the method I try it shows me an error "Incorrect Function" As you can see windows tells me it is working properly. Is there anyway I can retrieve data from this?/access it? I have googled and it seems to be a frequent problem with WD drives. Anyone has any solutions on how I can get the data back?

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  • Western Digital External 1TB HDD, possible to mount internally?

    - by JL
    I have an external WD MyBook. it has USB, Firewire and e-sata connectors, but I would like to mount it internally in my desktop system instead for extra performance, and I'm also considered about how long it will last externally. Does anyone know if this is possible? Has anyone done this with success? I would have to remove it from the existing external chasis, but before I mess around with this, I would like to know if its even possible. Thanks in advance

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  • How to build n-layered web architecture with PHP?

    - by Alex
    I have a description and design of a website and I need to redesign it to allow for new requirements. The website's purpose is the offering of government's contracts and bidding opportunities for different businesses.I'm dealing with the 3-tier architecture PHP website comprising of the user-interface tier(client's web browser),business logic layer(Apache web server with PHP engine in it and a couple of applications running within a web server as well) and a database layer(local mysql database). Now,i need to redesign it to su???rt distributed n-tier architecture and specify how I would go about it.After long hours of research i came to this solution: business logic should be separated into presentation and purely business logic tier to allow for n-layer architecture(user-interface,presentation tier,b.logic and data tier).I have decided to use ??? just for the presentation(since the original existing website is in PHP) and use it within apache web server.In the business logic i want to use J2?? implementation technology instead of implementing it in PHP(i.e using Zend app.server and smarty template) cz J2EE can provide much more essential container services which are essential for business logic,its robustness,maintainability and different critical business operations which will be carried out by the g?v?rnment's website.So,particularly,i want to use J??ss app.server with ?J? business objects in it which would provide all the b.logic in java and would interact with the database and so forth.In order to connect PHP on a web server with java on app.server i'm gonna use PHP/Java bridge API (or maybe Quercus or SOAP is better?).Finally,i have my data tier with mysql which will communicate with b.logic via JD??.Payment system application in ???.server is gonna use S??? to talk with credit card company. From your professional point of view,does it sound like a good way of redesigning the original website to allow for n-tier architecture considering the specifics of the website and the criticality of its operations?(payment system is included in it)or u would personally prefer to use PHP business objects for business logic as well instead of J2EE?If you have any wiser recommendation or some alternative,please let me know what is right or wrong in my current solution. H??? to hear your professional advice very s??n (I'm new to the area of web development) Thanks in advance

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  • In a digital photo, how can I detect if a mountain is obscured by clouds?

    - by Gavin Brock
    The problem I have a collection of digital photos of a mountain in Japan. However the mountain is often obscured by clouds or fog. What techniques can I use to detect that the mountain is visible in the image? I am currently using Perl with the Imager module, but open to alternatives. All the images are taken from the exact same position - these are some samples. My naïve solution I started by taking several horizontal pixel samples of the mountain cone and comparing the brightness values to other samples from the sky. This worked well for differentiating good image 1 and bad image 2. However in the autumn it snowed and the mountain became brighter than the sky, like image 3, and my simple brightness test started to fail. Image 4 is an example of an edge case. I would classify this as a good image since some of the mountain is clearly visible. UPDATE 1 Thank you for the suggestions - I am happy you all vastly over-estimated my competence. Based on the answers, I have started trying the ImageMagick edge-detect transform, which gives me a much simpler image to analyze. convert sample.jpg -edge 1 edge.jpg I assume I should use some kind of masking to get rid of the trees and most of the clouds. Once I have the masked image, what is the best way to compare the similarity to a 'good' image? I guess the "compare" command suited for this job? How do I get a numeric 'similarity' value from this?

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  • When is my View too smart?

    - by Kyle Burns
    In this posting, I will discuss the motivation behind keeping View code as thin as possible when using patterns such as MVC, MVVM, and MVP.  Once the motivation is identified, I will examine some ways to determine whether a View contains logic that belongs in another part of the application.  While the concepts that I will discuss are applicable to most any pattern which favors a thin View, any concrete examples that I present will center on ASP.NET MVC. Design patterns that include a Model, a View, and other components such as a Controller, ViewModel, or Presenter are not new to application development.  These patterns have, in fact, been around since the early days of building applications with graphical interfaces.  The reason that these patterns emerged is simple – the code running closest to the user tends to be littered with logic and library calls that center around implementation details of showing and manipulating user interface widgets and when this type of code is interspersed with application domain logic it becomes difficult to understand and much more difficult to adequately test.  By removing domain logic from the View, we ensure that the View has a single responsibility of drawing the screen which, in turn, makes our application easier to understand and maintain. I was recently asked to take a look at an ASP.NET MVC View because the developer reviewing it thought that it possibly had too much going on in the view.  I looked at the .CSHTML file and the first thing that occurred to me was that it began with 40 lines of code declaring member variables and performing the necessary calculations to populate these variables, which were later either output directly to the page or used to control some conditional rendering action (such as adding a class name to an HTML element or not rendering another element at all).  This exhibited both of what I consider the primary heuristics (or code smells) indicating that the View is too smart: Member variables – in general, variables in View code are an indication that the Model to which the View is being bound is not sufficient for the needs of the View and that the View has had to augment that Model.  Notable exceptions to this guideline include variables used to hold information specifically related to rendering (such as a dynamically determined CSS class name or the depth within a recursive structure for indentation purposes) and variables which are used to facilitate looping through collections while binding. Arithmetic – as with member variables, the presence of arithmetic operators within View code are an indication that the Model servicing the View is insufficient for its needs.  For example, if the Model represents a line item in a sales order, it might seem perfectly natural to “normalize” the Model by storing the quantity and unit price in the Model and multiply these within the View to show the line total.  While this does seem natural, it introduces a business rule to the View code and makes it impossible to test that the rounding of the result meets the requirement of the business without executing the View.  Within View code, arithmetic should only be used for activities such as incrementing loop counters and calculating element widths. In addition to the two characteristics of a “Smart View” that I’ve discussed already, this View also exhibited another heuristic that commonly indicates to me the need to refactor a View and make it a bit less smart.  That characteristic is the existence of Boolean logic that either does not work directly with properties of the Model or works with too many properties of the Model.  Consider the following code and consider how logic that does not work directly with properties of the Model is just another form of the “member variable” heuristic covered earlier: @if(DateTime.Now.Hour < 12) {     <div>Good Morning!</div> } else {     <div>Greetings</div> } This code performs business logic to determine whether it is morning.  A possible refactoring would be to add an IsMorning property to the Model, but in this particular case there is enough similarity between the branches that the entire branching structure could be collapsed by adding a Greeting property to the Model and using it similarly to the following: <div>@Model.Greeting</div> Now let’s look at some complex logic around multiple Model properties: @if (ModelPageNumber + Model.NumbersToDisplay == Model.PageCount         || (Model.PageCount != Model.CurrentPage             && !Model.DisplayValues.Contains(Model.PageCount))) {     <div>There's more to see!</div> } In this scenario, not only is the View code difficult to read (you shouldn’t have to play “human compiler” to determine the purpose of the code), but it also complex enough to be at risk for logical errors that cannot be detected without executing the View.  Conditional logic that requires more than a single logical operator should be looked at more closely to determine whether the condition should be evaluated elsewhere and exposed as a single property of the Model.  Moving the logic above outside of the View and exposing a new Model property would simplify the View code to: @if(Model.HasMoreToSee) {     <div>There’s more to see!</div> } In this posting I have briefly discussed some of the more prominent heuristics that indicate a need to push code from the View into other pieces of the application.  You should now be able to recognize these symptoms when building or maintaining Views (or the Models that support them) in your applications.

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  • How can I return a Future object with Spring without writing concurrency logic?

    - by Johan
    How can I return a java.util.concurrent.Future object with a Receipt object and only use the @javax.ejb.Asynchronous annotation? And do I need any extra configuration to let Spring handle ejb annotations? I don't want to write any concurrency logic myself. Here's my attempt that doesn't work: @Asynchronous public Future<Receipt> execute(Job job) { Receipt receipt = timeConsumingWork(job); return receipt; }

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  • What is wrong with my logic in a rails hash?

    - by stevenheidel
    I have a setting in environment/production.rb of HEROKU = true This should change my has_attachment has to use s3 instead of the file system, but it doesn't. What's wrong with my logic? has_attachment :content_type => :image, :storage => ($HEROKU ? :s3 : :file_system), ... Thanks!

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  • What kind of users stories should be written in the initial stages of a project?

    - by Domenic
    When just starting a project, you have nothing---no UI, no data layer, nothing in between. Thus, a single story like "users should be able to view their foos" will entail a lot of work. Once you have that story, one like "users should be able to edit their foos" is more realistic, but that first story will involve setting up a UI layer, a presentation logic layer, a domain logic layer, and a data access layer. This doesn't fit with my concept of "tasks": to me, I'd rather have something like the following "tasks": Show dummy data for a user's foos in HTML, derived from JavaScript objects. Set up a presentation logic layer, and connect the JavaScript objects to it. Set up a domain logic layer, and connect the presentation logic layer to it. Set up a data access layer, and connection the domain logic layer to it. Do all of these fall under the single "story" above? If so, I feel like stories are not a terribly useful framework in the early stages of a project. If so, that's fine---I just want to make sure I'm not missing something, since I'm really trying to learn this agile methodology as best I can.

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  • Single complex or multiple simple autoload functions [on hold]

    - by Tyson of the Northwest
    Using the spl_autoload_register(), should I use a single autoload function that contains all the logic to determine where the include files are or should I break each include grouping into it's own function with it's own logic to include the files for the called function? As the places where include files may reside expands so too will the logic of a single function. If I break it into multiple functions I can add functions as new groupings are added, but the functions will be copy/pastes of each other with minor alterations. Currently I have a tool with a single registered autoload function that picks apart the class name and tries to predict where it is and then includes it. Due to naming conventions for the project this has been pretty simple. if has namespace if in template namespace look in Root\Templates else look in Root\Modules\Namespace else look in Root\System if file exists include But we are starting to include Interfaces and Traits into our codebase and it hurts me to include the type of a thing in it's name. So we are looking at instead of a single autoload function that digs through the class name and looks for the file and has increasingly complex logic to it, we are looking at having multiple autoload functions registered. But each one follows the same pattern and any time I see that I get paranoid about code copying. function systemAutoloadFunc logic to create probable filename if filename exists in system include it and return true else return false function moduleAutoloadFunc logic to create probable filename if filename exists in modules include it and return true else return false Every autoload function will follow that pattern and the last of each function if filename exists, include return true else return false is going to be identical code. This makes me paranoid about having to update it later across the board if the file_exists include pattern we are using ever changes. Or is it just that, paranoia and the multiple functions with some identical code is the best option?

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  • Where does ASP.NET Web API Fit?

    - by Rick Strahl
    With the pending release of ASP.NET MVC 4 and the new ASP.NET Web API, there has been a lot of discussion of where the new Web API technology fits in the ASP.NET Web stack. There are a lot of choices to build HTTP based applications available now on the stack - we've come a long way from when WebForms and Http Handlers/Modules where the only real options. Today we have WebForms, MVC, ASP.NET Web Pages, ASP.NET AJAX, WCF REST and now Web API as well as the core ASP.NET runtime to choose to build HTTP content with. Web API definitely squarely addresses the 'API' aspect - building consumable services - rather than HTML content, but even to that end there are a lot of choices you have today. So where does Web API fit, and when doesn't it? But before we get into that discussion, let's talk about what a Web API is and why we should care. What's a Web API? HTTP 'APIs' (Microsoft's new terminology for a service I guess)  are becoming increasingly more important with the rise of the many devices in use today. Most mobile devices like phones and tablets run Apps that are using data retrieved from the Web over HTTP. Desktop applications are also moving in this direction with more and more online content and synching moving into even traditional desktop applications. The pending Windows 8 release promises an app like platform for both the desktop and other devices, that also emphasizes consuming data from the Cloud. Likewise many Web browser hosted applications these days are relying on rich client functionality to create and manipulate the browser user interface, using AJAX rather than server generated HTML data to load up the user interface with data. These mobile or rich Web applications use their HTTP connection to return data rather than HTML markup in the form of JSON or XML typically. But an API can also serve other kinds of data, like images or other binary files, or even text data and HTML (although that's less common). A Web API is what feeds rich applications with data. ASP.NET Web API aims to service this particular segment of Web development by providing easy semantics to route and handle incoming requests and an easy to use platform to serve HTTP data in just about any content format you choose to create and serve from the server. But .NET already has various HTTP Platforms The .NET stack already includes a number of technologies that provide the ability to create HTTP service back ends, and it has done so since the very beginnings of the .NET platform. From raw HTTP Handlers and Modules in the core ASP.NET runtime, to high level platforms like ASP.NET MVC, Web Forms, ASP.NET AJAX and the WCF REST engine (which technically is not ASP.NET, but can integrate with it), you've always been able to handle just about any kind of HTTP request and response with ASP.NET. The beauty of the raw ASP.NET platform is that it provides you everything you need to build just about any type of HTTP application you can dream up from low level APIs/custom engines to high level HTML generation engine. ASP.NET as a core platform clearly has stood the test of time 10+ years later and all other frameworks like Web API are built on top of this ASP.NET core. However, although it's possible to create Web APIs / Services using any of the existing out of box .NET technologies, none of them have been a really nice fit for building arbitrary HTTP based APIs. Sure, you can use an HttpHandler to create just about anything, but you have to build a lot of plumbing to build something more complex like a comprehensive API that serves a variety of requests, handles multiple output formats and can easily pass data up to the server in a variety of ways. Likewise you can use ASP.NET MVC to handle routing and creating content in various formats fairly easily, but it doesn't provide a great way to automatically negotiate content types and serve various content formats directly (it's possible to do with some plumbing code of your own but not built in). Prior to Web API, Microsoft's main push for HTTP services has been WCF REST, which was always an awkward technology that had a severe personality conflict, not being clear on whether it wanted to be part of WCF or purely a separate technology. In the end it didn't do either WCF compatibility or WCF agnostic pure HTTP operation very well, which made for a very developer-unfriendly environment. Personally I didn't like any of the implementations at the time, so much so that I ended up building my own HTTP service engine (as part of the West Wind Web Toolkit), as have a few other third party tools that provided much better integration and ease of use. With the release of Web API for the first time I feel that I can finally use the tools in the box and not have to worry about creating and maintaining my own toolkit as Web API addresses just about all the features I implemented on my own and much more. ASP.NET Web API provides a better HTTP Experience ASP.NET Web API differentiates itself from the previous Microsoft in-box HTTP service solutions in that it was built from the ground up around the HTTP protocol and its messaging semantics. Unlike WCF REST or ASP.NET AJAX with ASMX, it’s a brand new platform rather than bolted on technology that is supposed to work in the context of an existing framework. The strength of the new ASP.NET Web API is that it combines the best features of the platforms that came before it, to provide a comprehensive and very usable HTTP platform. Because it's based on ASP.NET and borrows a lot of concepts from ASP.NET MVC, Web API should be immediately familiar and comfortable to most ASP.NET developers. Here are some of the features that Web API provides that I like: Strong Support for URL Routing to produce clean URLs using familiar MVC style routing semantics Content Negotiation based on Accept headers for request and response serialization Support for a host of supported output formats including JSON, XML, ATOM Strong default support for REST semantics but they are optional Easily extensible Formatter support to add new input/output types Deep support for more advanced HTTP features via HttpResponseMessage and HttpRequestMessage classes and strongly typed Enums to describe many HTTP operations Convention based design that drives you into doing the right thing for HTTP Services Very extensible, based on MVC like extensibility model of Formatters and Filters Self-hostable in non-Web applications  Testable using testing concepts similar to MVC Web API is meant to handle any kind of HTTP input and produce output and status codes using the full spectrum of HTTP functionality available in a straight forward and flexible manner. Looking at the list above you can see that a lot of functionality is very similar to ASP.NET MVC, so many ASP.NET developers should feel quite comfortable with the concepts of Web API. The Routing and core infrastructure of Web API are very similar to how MVC works providing many of the benefits of MVC, but with focus on HTTP access and manipulation in Controller methods rather than HTML generation in MVC. There’s much improved support for content negotiation based on HTTP Accept headers with the framework capable of detecting automatically what content the client is sending and requesting and serving the appropriate data format in return. This seems like such a little and obvious thing, but it's really important. Today's service backends often are used by multiple clients/applications and being able to choose the right data format for what fits best for the client is very important. While previous solutions were able to accomplish this using a variety of mixed features of WCF and ASP.NET, Web API combines all this functionality into a single robust server side HTTP framework that intrinsically understands the HTTP semantics and subtly drives you in the right direction for most operations. And when you need to customize or do something that is not built in, there are lots of hooks and overrides for most behaviors, and even many low level hook points that allow you to plug in custom functionality with relatively little effort. No Brainers for Web API There are a few scenarios that are a slam dunk for Web API. If your primary focus of an application or even a part of an application is some sort of API then Web API makes great sense. HTTP ServicesIf you're building a comprehensive HTTP API that is to be consumed over the Web, Web API is a perfect fit. You can isolate the logic in Web API and build your application as a service breaking out the logic into controllers as needed. Because the primary interface is the service there's no confusion of what should go where (MVC or API). Perfect fit. Primary AJAX BackendsIf you're building rich client Web applications that are relying heavily on AJAX callbacks to serve its data, Web API is also a slam dunk. Again because much if not most of the business logic will probably end up in your Web API service logic, there's no confusion over where logic should go and there's no duplication. In Single Page Applications (SPA), typically there's very little HTML based logic served other than bringing up a shell UI and then filling the data from the server with AJAX which means the business logic required for data retrieval and data acceptance and validation too lives in the Web API. Perfect fit. Generic HTTP EndpointsAnother good fit are generic HTTP endpoints that to serve data or handle 'utility' type functionality in typical Web applications. If you need to implement an image server, or an upload handler in the past I'd implement that as an HTTP handler. With Web API you now have a well defined place where you can implement these types of generic 'services' in a location that can easily add endpoints (via Controller methods) or separated out as more full featured APIs. Granted this could be done with MVC as well, but Web API seems a clearer and more well defined place to store generic application services. This is one thing I used to do a lot of in my own libraries and Web API addresses this nicely. Great fit. Mixed HTML and AJAX Applications: Not a clear Choice  For all the commonality that Web API and MVC share they are fundamentally different platforms that are independent of each other. A lot of people have asked when does it make sense to use MVC vs. Web API when you're dealing with typical Web application that creates HTML and also uses AJAX functionality for rich functionality. While it's easy to say that all 'service'/AJAX logic should go into a Web API and all HTML related generation into MVC, that can often result in a lot of code duplication. Also MVC supports JSON and XML result data fairly easily as well so there's some confusion where that 'trigger point' is of when you should switch to Web API vs. just implementing functionality as part of MVC controllers. Ultimately there's a tradeoff between isolation of functionality and duplication. A good rule of thumb I think works is that if a large chunk of the application's functionality serves data Web API is a good choice, but if you have a couple of small AJAX requests to serve data to a grid or autocomplete box it'd be overkill to separate out that logic into a separate Web API controller. Web API does add overhead to your application (it's yet another framework that sits on top of core ASP.NET) so it should be worth it .Keep in mind that MVC can generate HTML and JSON/XML and just about any other content easily and that functionality is not going away, so just because you Web API is there it doesn't mean you have to use it. Web API is not a full replacement for MVC obviously either since there's not the same level of support to feed HTML from Web API controllers (although you can host a RazorEngine easily enough if you really want to go that route) so if you're HTML is part of your API or application in general MVC is still a better choice either alone or in combination with Web API. I suspect (and hope) that in the future Web API's functionality will merge even closer with MVC so that you might even be able to mix functionality of both into single Controllers so that you don't have to make any trade offs, but at the moment that's not the case. Some Issues To think about Web API is similar to MVC but not the Same Although Web API looks a lot like MVC it's not the same and some common functionality of MVC behaves differently in Web API. For example, the way single POST variables are handled is different than MVC and doesn't lend itself particularly well to some AJAX scenarios with POST data. Code Duplication I already touched on this in the Mixed HTML and Web API section, but if you build an MVC application that also exposes a Web API it's quite likely that you end up duplicating a bunch of code and - potentially - infrastructure. You may have to create authentication logic both for an HTML application and for the Web API which might need something different altogether. More often than not though the same logic is used, and there's no easy way to share. If you implement an MVC ActionFilter and you want that same functionality in your Web API you'll end up creating the filter twice. AJAX Data or AJAX HTML On a recent post's comments, David made some really good points regarding the commonality of MVC and Web API's and its place. One comment that caught my eye was a little more generic, regarding data services vs. HTML services. David says: I see a lot of merit in the combination of Knockout.js, client side templates and view models, calling Web API for a responsive UI, but sometimes late at night that still leaves me wondering why I would no longer be using some of the nice tooling and features that have evolved in MVC ;-) You know what - I can totally relate to that. On the last Web based mobile app I worked on, we decided to serve HTML partials to the client via AJAX for many (but not all!) things, rather than sending down raw data to inject into the DOM on the client via templating or direct manipulation. While there are definitely more bytes on the wire, with this, the overhead ended up being actually fairly small if you keep the 'data' requests small and atomic. Performance was often made up by the lack of client side rendering of HTML. Server rendered HTML for AJAX templating gives so much better infrastructure support without having to screw around with 20 mismatched client libraries. Especially with MVC and partials it's pretty easy to break out your HTML logic into very small, atomic chunks, so it's actually easy to create small rendering islands that can be used via composition on the server, or via AJAX calls to small, tight partials that return HTML to the client. Although this is often frowned upon as to 'heavy', it worked really well in terms of developer effort as well as providing surprisingly good performance on devices. There's still plenty of jQuery and AJAX logic happening on the client but it's more manageable in small doses rather than trying to do the entire UI composition with JavaScript and/or 'not-quite-there-yet' template engines that are very difficult to debug. This is not an issue directly related to Web API of course, but something to think about especially for AJAX or SPA style applications. Summary Web API is a great new addition to the ASP.NET platform and it addresses a serious need for consolidation of a lot of half-baked HTTP service API technologies that came before it. Web API feels 'right', and hits the right combination of usability and flexibility at least for me and it's a good fit for true API scenarios. However, just because a new platform is available it doesn't meant that other tools or tech that came before it should be discarded or even upgraded to the new platform. There's nothing wrong with continuing to use MVC controller methods to handle API tasks if that's what your app is running now - there's very little to be gained by upgrading to Web API just because. But going forward Web API clearly is the way to go, when building HTTP data interfaces and it's good to see that Microsoft got this one right - it was sorely needed! Resources ASP.NET Web API AspConf Ask the Experts Session (first 5 minutes) © Rick Strahl, West Wind Technologies, 2005-2012Posted in Web Api   Tweet !function(d,s,id){var js,fjs=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0];if(!d.getElementById(id)){js=d.createElement(s);js.id=id;js.src="//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js";fjs.parentNode.insertBefore(js,fjs);}}(document,"script","twitter-wjs"); (function() { var po = document.createElement('script'); po.type = 'text/javascript'; po.async = true; po.src = 'https://apis.google.com/js/plusone.js'; var s = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; s.parentNode.insertBefore(po, s); })();

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