font family - Page 34 - Developer IT

What is the best policy for user account on a Windows 7 Media Center shared by the whole family

- by Matt Spradley

What is a good way to manage user accounts for a Windows 7 Media Center PC that is part of an entertainment center for a family? Each family member keeps most of their personal stuff on their own computer. I was thinking the simple approach would be to create an admin account for management and then just create a "Family" user account w/o a password that is the default account used by the media center. This account would be used for the PVR, playing blu rays, music, etc. I don't think it is practical for someone to have to log in every time they use the media center.

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URGENT: IE 6/7/8 problem!- Right Column is not aligned and is pushed down.

- by Kalpesh Vasta

Hi Guys, I'm new to this but here goes. I have been developing this website http://www.panelmaster.co.uk and i have managed to solve the majority of design problems but one! If you take a look at the site in IE the right column seems to drop down and is not aligned with the right and centre column. This problem only occurs in IE as upon testing i found it was fine in firefox and safari. I have provided below the CSS for the website. I would appreciate if you guys can help me with the problem asap. Thanks in advance. :) ========================== body { margin: 0; padding: 0; line-height: 1.5em; font-family: Tahoma, Geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; color: #666; background-image: url(images/templatemo_body_top.jpg); background-color: #90857c; background-repeat: repeat-x; background-position: top; text-align: left; } a:link, a:visited { color: #073475; text-decoration: none; font-weight: normal; } a:active, a:hover { color: #073475; text-decoration: underline; } h3 { color: #1e7da9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; } h2 { color: #1e7da9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; } h1 { color: #696969; font-size: 20px; font-weight: bold; } p { margin: 0px; padding: 0px; } img { margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: none; } .cleaner { clear: both; width: 100%; height: 0px; font-size: 0px; } .cleaner_h30 { clear: both; width:100%; height: 30px; } .cleaner_h40 { clear: both; width:100%; height: 40px; } .float_l { float: left; } .float_r { float: right; } .margin_r20 { margin-right: 20px; } templatemo_body_wrapper { width: 100%; background: url(images/templatemo_body_bottom.png) repeat-x bottom center; } templatemo_wrapper { width: 970px; padding: 0 10px; margin: 0 auto; background: url(images/templatemo_wrapper_top.jpg) no-repeat top center; } /* header */ templatemo_header { clear: both; width: 890px; height: 60px; padding: 20px 40px } templatemo_header #site_title { float: left; padding-top: 15px; } site_title a { font-size: 24px; color: #FFFFFF; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none; } site_title a:hover { font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none; } site_title a span { display: block; margin-top: 5px; font-size: 14px; color: #fff; font-weight: bold; letter-spacing: 2px; } /* end of header */ /* menu */ templatemo_menu { clear: both; width: 970px; height: 80px; background: url(images/templatemo_menubar.png) no-repeat; } search_box { width: 990px; height: 35px; text-align: right; } search_box form { margin: 0; padding: 5px 40px; } search_box #input_field { height: 20px; width: 300px; color: #000000; font-size: 12px; font-variant: normal; line-height: normal; border: 1px solid #CCCCCC; background: #FFFFFF; } search_box #submit_btn { height: 24px; width: 100px; cursor: pointer; font-size: 12px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: pre; outline: none; color:#666666; border: 1px solid #CCCCCC; background: #FFFFFF; } templatemo_menu ul { width: 890px; height: 35px; margin: 0; padding: 7px 40px; list-style: none; } templatemo_menu ul li { padding: 0px; margin: 0px; display: inline; } templatemo_menu ul li a { float: left; display: block; margin-right: 40px; font-size: 13px; text-decoration: none; color: #fff; font-weight: normal; outline: none; } templatemo_menu ul li a:hover, #templatemo_menu ul .current { color: #162127; } /* end of menu */ /* contetnt */ templatemo_content_wrapper { clear: both; padding: 0px 0; } templatemo_content { float: left; margin-left: 10px; width: 550px; } banner { margin: 0 0 10px 0; } templatemo_content #content_top { width: 550px; height: 20px; background: url(images/templatemo_content_top.png) no-repeat; } templatemo_content #content_bottom { width: 550px; height: 20px; background: url(images/templatemo_content_bottom.png) no-repeat; } templatemo_content #content_middle { width: 510px; padding: 5px 20px 0px 20px; background: url(images/templatemo_content_middle.png) repeat-y; } content_middle p { text-align: justify; } .templatemo_sidebar_wrapper { width: 200px; } .templatemo_sidebar { width: 197px; padding-right: 3px; background: url(images/templatemo_sidebar_middle.png) repeat-y; } .templatemo_sidebar_top { width: 200px; height: 20px; background: url(images/templatemo_sidebar_top.png) no-repeat; } .templatemo_sidebar_bottom { width: 200px; height: 20px; background: url(images/templatemo_sidebar_bottom.png) no-repeat; } .templatemo_sidebar .sidebar_box { clear: both; padding-bottom: 20px; } .sidebar_box1 { padding: 15px; } .sidebar_box h2 { color: #2d84ad; font-size: 16px; padding-left: 25px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0 0 10px 10px; background: url(images/templatemo_sidebar_h1.jpg) left center no-repeat; } .sidebar_box .sidebar_box_content { padding: 15px; background: url(images/templatemo_sidebar_box_top.png) top repeat-x; } .sidebar_box img { border: 1px solid #999; margin-bottom: 5px; } .sidebar_box .discount { margin: 5px 0 0 0; font-weight: bold; } .sidebar_box .discount span { color: #C00; } .left_sidebar_box .discount a { font-weight: bold; color: #000; } .sidebar_box .categories_list { margin: 0; padding: 0; list-style: none; } .categories_list li { padding: 0; margin: 0; } .categories_list li a { display: block; color: #201f1c; padding: 5px 0 5px 20px; background: url(images/list.png) center left no-repeat; } .categories_list li a:hover { color: #439ac3; text-decoration: none; } .news_box { clear: both; margin-bottom: 5px; padding-bottom: 5px; border-bottom: 1px solid #999; } .news_box h4 { padding: 2px 0; margin: 0; } .news_box h4 a { font-size: 12px; font-weight: normal; color: #1893f2; } newsletter_box label { display: block; margin-bottom: 10px; } newsletter_box .input_field { height: 20px; width: 155px; padding: 0 5px; margin-bottom: 10px; color: #000000; font-size: 12px; font-variant: normal; line-height: normal; } newsletter_box .submit_btn { float: right; height: 30px; width: 80px; margin: 0px; padding: 3px 0 15px 0; cursor: pointer; font-size: 12px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: pre; outline: none; } .product_box { float: left; width: 223px; padding: 10px; margin-bottom: 20px; border: 1px solid #CCC; text-align: center; } .product_box img { margin-bottom: 10px; } .product_box h3 { color: #2a2522; font-size: 12px; margin: 0 0 10px; } .product_box p { margin-bottom: 10px; } .product_box p span { color: #cf5902; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; } .product_box .detail { float: right; } .product_box .addtocard { float: left; font-weight: bold; padding-right: 20px; background: url(images/templatemo_shopping_cart.png) bottom right no-repeat; } /* end of content */ /* footer */ templatemo_footer_wrapper { background: url(images/templatemo_footer.png) repeat-x; } templatemo_footer { width: 910px; height: 85px; padding: 50px 40px 30px 40px; margin: 0 auto; text-align: center; color: #a9a098; } templatemo_footer a { color: #d7d1cc; font-weight: normal; } templatemo_footer a:hover { text-decoration: none; color: #FFFF33; } templatemo_footer .footer_menu { margin: 0 0 30px 0; padding: 0px; list-style: none; } .footer_menu li { margin: 0px; padding: 0 20px; display: inline; border-right: 1px solid #d7d1cc; } .footer_menu li a { color: #d7d1cc; } .footer_menu .last_menu { border: none; } /* end of footer */ /twitter/ twitter_div {border-top: 0px;} twitter_div a {color: #0000ff !important;} twitter_update_list {margin-left: -1em !important; margin-bottom: 0px !important;} twitter_update_list li {list-style-type: none; padding-right: 5px; } twitter_update_list li a {color: #0000ff; padding-right: 5px;} twitter_div {border-bottom: 0px; padding-bottom: 10px; padding-top:6px; padding-right: 5px;} twitter_div a, #twitter_update_list li a {text-decoration: none !important;} twitter_div a:hover, #twitter_update_list li a:hover {text-decoration:underline !important;}

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Right Hand Column Does Not Align Properly in IE6/7/8

- by Kalpesh Vasta

Hi Guys, I'm new to this but here goes. I have been developing this website http://www.panelmaster.co.uk and i have managed to solve the majority of design problems but one! If you take a look at the site in IE the right column seems to drop down and is not aligned with the right and centre column. This problem only occurs in IE as upon testing i found it was fine in firefox and safari. I have provided below the CSS for the website. I would appreciate if you guys can help me with the problem. Thanks in advance. :) ========================== body { margin: 0; padding: 0; line-height: 1.5em; font-family: Tahoma, Geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; color: #666; background-image: url(images/templatemo_body_top.jpg); background-color: #90857c; background-repeat: repeat-x; background-position: top; text-align: left; } a:link, a:visited { color: #073475; text-decoration: none; font-weight: normal; } a:active, a:hover { color: #073475; text-decoration: underline; } h3 { color: #1e7da9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; } h2 { color: #1e7da9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; } h1 { color: #696969; font-size: 20px; font-weight: bold; } p { margin: 0px; padding: 0px; } img { margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: none; } .cleaner { clear: both; width: 100%; height: 0px; font-size: 0px; } .cleaner_h30 { clear: both; width:100%; height: 30px; } .cleaner_h40 { clear: both; width:100%; height: 40px; } .float_l { float: left; } .float_r { float: right; } .margin_r20 { margin-right: 20px; } #templatemo_body_wrapper { width: 100%; background: url(images/templatemo_body_bottom.png) repeat-x bottom center; } #templatemo_wrapper { width: 970px; padding: 0 10px; margin: 0 auto; background: url(images/templatemo_wrapper_top.jpg) no-repeat top center; } /* header */ #templatemo_header { clear: both; width: 890px; height: 60px; padding: 20px 40px } #templatemo_header #site_title { float: left; padding-top: 15px; } #site_title a { font-size: 24px; color: #FFFFFF; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none; } #site_title a:hover { font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none; } #site_title a span { display: block; margin-top: 5px; font-size: 14px; color: #fff; font-weight: bold; letter-spacing: 2px; } /* end of header */ /* menu */ #templatemo_menu { clear: both; width: 970px; height: 80px; background: url(images/templatemo_menubar.png) no-repeat; } #search_box { width: 990px; height: 35px; text-align: right; } #search_box form { margin: 0; padding: 5px 40px; } #search_box #input_field { height: 20px; width: 300px; color: #000000; font-size: 12px; font-variant: normal; line-height: normal; border: 1px solid #CCCCCC; background: #FFFFFF; } #search_box #submit_btn { height: 24px; width: 100px; cursor: pointer; font-size: 12px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: pre; outline: none; color:#666666; border: 1px solid #CCCCCC; background: #FFFFFF; } #templatemo_menu ul { width: 890px; height: 35px; margin: 0; padding: 7px 40px; list-style: none; } #templatemo_menu ul li { padding: 0px; margin: 0px; display: inline; } #templatemo_menu ul li a { float: left; display: block; margin-right: 40px; font-size: 13px; text-decoration: none; color: #fff; font-weight: normal; outline: none; } #templatemo_menu ul li a:hover, #templatemo_menu ul .current { color: #162127; } /* end of menu */ /* contetnt */ #templatemo_content_wrapper { clear: both; padding: 0px 0; } #templatemo_content { float: left; margin-left: 10px; width: 550px; } #banner { margin: 0 0 10px 0; } #templatemo_content #content_top { width: 550px; height: 20px; background: url(images/templatemo_content_top.png) no-repeat; } #templatemo_content #content_bottom { width: 550px; height: 20px; background: url(images/templatemo_content_bottom.png) no-repeat; } #templatemo_content #content_middle { width: 510px; padding: 5px 20px 0px 20px; background: url(images/templatemo_content_middle.png) repeat-y; } #content_middle p { text-align: justify; } .templatemo_sidebar_wrapper { width: 200px; } .templatemo_sidebar { width: 197px; padding-right: 3px; background: url(images/templatemo_sidebar_middle.png) repeat-y; } .templatemo_sidebar_top { width: 200px; height: 20px; background: url(images/templatemo_sidebar_top.png) no-repeat; } .templatemo_sidebar_bottom { width: 200px; height: 20px; background: url(images/templatemo_sidebar_bottom.png) no-repeat; } .templatemo_sidebar .sidebar_box { clear: both; padding-bottom: 20px; } .sidebar_box1 { padding: 15px; } .sidebar_box h2 { color: #2d84ad; font-size: 16px; padding-left: 25px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0 0 10px 10px; background: url(images/templatemo_sidebar_h1.jpg) left center no-repeat; } .sidebar_box .sidebar_box_content { padding: 15px; background: url(images/templatemo_sidebar_box_top.png) top repeat-x; } .sidebar_box img { border: 1px solid #999; margin-bottom: 5px; } .sidebar_box .discount { margin: 5px 0 0 0; font-weight: bold; } .sidebar_box .discount span { color: #C00; } .left_sidebar_box .discount a { font-weight: bold; color: #000; } .sidebar_box .categories_list { margin: 0; padding: 0; list-style: none; } .categories_list li { padding: 0; margin: 0; } .categories_list li a { display: block; color: #201f1c; padding: 5px 0 5px 20px; background: url(images/list.png) center left no-repeat; } .categories_list li a:hover { color: #439ac3; text-decoration: none; } .news_box { clear: both; margin-bottom: 5px; padding-bottom: 5px; border-bottom: 1px solid #999; } .news_box h4 { padding: 2px 0; margin: 0; } .news_box h4 a { font-size: 12px; font-weight: normal; color: #1893f2; } #newsletter_box label { display: block; margin-bottom: 10px; } #newsletter_box .input_field { height: 20px; width: 155px; padding: 0 5px; margin-bottom: 10px; color: #000000; font-size: 12px; font-variant: normal; line-height: normal; } #newsletter_box .submit_btn { float: right; height: 30px; width: 80px; margin: 0px; padding: 3px 0 15px 0; cursor: pointer; font-size: 12px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: pre; outline: none; } .product_box { float: left; width: 223px; padding: 10px; margin-bottom: 20px; border: 1px solid #CCC; text-align: center; } .product_box img { margin-bottom: 10px; } .product_box h3 { color: #2a2522; font-size: 12px; margin: 0 0 10px; } .product_box p { margin-bottom: 10px; } .product_box p span { color: #cf5902; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; } .product_box .detail { float: right; } .product_box .addtocard { float: left; font-weight: bold; padding-right: 20px; background: url(images/templatemo_shopping_cart.png) bottom right no-repeat; } /* end of content */ /* footer */ #templatemo_footer_wrapper { background: url(images/templatemo_footer.png) repeat-x; } #templatemo_footer { width: 910px; height: 85px; padding: 50px 40px 30px 40px; margin: 0 auto; text-align: center; color: #a9a098; } #templatemo_footer a { color: #d7d1cc; font-weight: normal; } #templatemo_footer a:hover { text-decoration: none; color: #FFFF33; } #templatemo_footer .footer_menu { margin: 0 0 30px 0; padding: 0px; list-style: none; } .footer_menu li { margin: 0px; padding: 0 20px; display: inline; border-right: 1px solid #d7d1cc; } .footer_menu li a { color: #d7d1cc; } .footer_menu .last_menu { border: none; } /* end of footer */ /*twitter*/ #twitter_div {border-top: 0px;} #twitter_div a {color: #0000ff !important;} #twitter_update_list {margin-left: -1em !important; margin-bottom: 0px !important;} #twitter_update_list li {list-style-type: none; padding-right: 5px; } #twitter_update_list li a {color: #0000ff; padding-right: 5px;} #twitter_div {border-bottom: 0px; padding-bottom: 10px; padding-top:6px; padding-right: 5px;} #twitter_div a, #twitter_update_list li a {text-decoration: none !important;} #twitter_div a:hover, #twitter_update_list li a:hover {text-decoration:underline !important;}

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ASP.NET Web API Exception Handling

- by Fredrik N

When I talk about exceptions in my product team I often talk about two kind of exceptions, business and critical exceptions. Business exceptions are exceptions thrown based on “business rules”, for example if you aren’t allowed to do a purchase. Business exceptions in most case aren’t important to log into a log file, they can directly be shown to the user. An example of a business exception could be "DeniedToPurchaseException”, or some validation exceptions such as “FirstNameIsMissingException” etc. Critical Exceptions are all other kind of exceptions such as the SQL server is down etc. Those kind of exception message need to be logged and should not reach the user, because they can contain information that can be harmful if it reach out to wrong kind of users. I often distinguish business exceptions from critical exceptions by creating a base class called BusinessException, then in my error handling code I catch on the type BusinessException and all other exceptions will be handled as critical exceptions. This blog post will be about different ways to handle exceptions and how Business and Critical Exceptions could be handled. Web API and Exceptions the basics When an exception is thrown in a ApiController a response message will be returned with a status code set to 500 and a response formatted by the formatters based on the “Accept” or “Content-Type” HTTP header, for example JSON or XML. Here is an example: public IEnumerable<string> Get() { throw new ApplicationException("Error!!!!!"); return new string[] { "value1", "value2" }; } .csharpcode, .csharpcode pre { font-size: small; color: black; font-family: consolas, "Courier New", courier, monospace; background-color: #ffffff; /*white-space: pre;*/ } .csharpcode pre { margin: 0em; } .csharpcode .rem { color: #008000; } .csharpcode .kwrd { color: #0000ff; } .csharpcode .str { color: #006080; } .csharpcode .op { color: #0000c0; } .csharpcode .preproc { color: #cc6633; } .csharpcode .asp { background-color: #ffff00; } .csharpcode .html { color: #800000; } .csharpcode .attr { color: #ff0000; } .csharpcode .alt { background-color: #f4f4f4; width: 100%; margin: 0em; } .csharpcode .lnum { color: #606060; } The response message will be: HTTP/1.1 500 Internal Server Error Content-Length: 860 Content-Type: application/json; charset=utf-8 { "ExceptionType":"System.ApplicationException","Message":"Error!!!!!","StackTrace":" at ..."} .csharpcode, .csharpcode pre { font-size: small; color: black; font-family: consolas, "Courier New", courier, monospace; background-color: #ffffff; /*white-space: pre;*/ } .csharpcode pre { margin: 0em; } .csharpcode .rem { color: #008000; } .csharpcode .kwrd { color: #0000ff; } .csharpcode .str { color: #006080; } .csharpcode .op { color: #0000c0; } .csharpcode .preproc { color: #cc6633; } .csharpcode .asp { background-color: #ffff00; } .csharpcode .html { color: #800000; } .csharpcode .attr { color: #ff0000; } .csharpcode .alt { background-color: #f4f4f4; width: 100%; margin: 0em; } .csharpcode .lnum { color: #606060; } The stack trace will be returned to the client, this is because of making it easier to debug. Be careful so you don’t leak out some sensitive information to the client. So as long as you are developing your API, this is not harmful. In a production environment it can be better to log exceptions and return a user friendly exception instead of the original exception. There is a specific exception shipped with ASP.NET Web API that will not use the formatters based on the “Accept” or “Content-Type” HTTP header, it is the exception is the HttpResponseException class. Here is an example where the HttpReponseExcetpion is used: // GET api/values [ExceptionHandling] public IEnumerable<string> Get() { throw new HttpResponseException(new HttpResponseMessage(HttpStatusCode.InternalServerError)); return new string[] { "value1", "value2" }; } .csharpcode, .csharpcode pre { font-size: small; color: black; font-family: consolas, "Courier New", courier, monospace; background-color: #ffffff; /*white-space: pre;*/ } .csharpcode pre { margin: 0em; } .csharpcode .rem { color: #008000; } .csharpcode .kwrd { color: #0000ff; } .csharpcode .str { color: #006080; } .csharpcode .op { color: #0000c0; } .csharpcode .preproc { color: #cc6633; } .csharpcode .asp { background-color: #ffff00; } .csharpcode .html { color: #800000; } .csharpcode .attr { color: #ff0000; } .csharpcode .alt { background-color: #f4f4f4; width: 100%; margin: 0em; } .csharpcode .lnum { color: #606060; } The response will not contain any content, only header information and the status code based on the HttpStatusCode passed as an argument to the HttpResponseMessage. Because the HttpResponsException takes a HttpResponseMessage as an argument, we can give the response a content: public IEnumerable<string> Get() { throw new HttpResponseException(new HttpResponseMessage(HttpStatusCode.InternalServerError) { Content = new StringContent("My Error Message"), ReasonPhrase = "Critical Exception" }); return new string[] { "value1", "value2" }; } .csharpcode, .csharpcode pre { font-size: small; color: black; font-family: consolas, "Courier New", courier, monospace; background-color: #ffffff; /*white-space: pre;*/ } .csharpcode pre { margin: 0em; } .csharpcode .rem { color: #008000; } .csharpcode .kwrd { color: #0000ff; } .csharpcode .str { color: #006080; } .csharpcode .op { color: #0000c0; } .csharpcode .preproc { color: #cc6633; } .csharpcode .asp { background-color: #ffff00; } .csharpcode .html { color: #800000; } .csharpcode .attr { color: #ff0000; } .csharpcode .alt { background-color: #f4f4f4; width: 100%; margin: 0em; } .csharpcode .lnum { color: #606060; } The code above will have the following response: HTTP/1.1 500 Critical Exception Content-Length: 5 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8 My Error Message .csharpcode, .csharpcode pre { font-size: small; color: black; font-family: consolas, "Courier New", courier, monospace; background-color: #ffffff; /*white-space: pre;*/ } .csharpcode pre { margin: 0em; } .csharpcode .rem { color: #008000; } .csharpcode .kwrd { color: #0000ff; } .csharpcode .str { color: #006080; } .csharpcode .op { color: #0000c0; } .csharpcode .preproc { color: #cc6633; } .csharpcode .asp { background-color: #ffff00; } .csharpcode .html { color: #800000; } .csharpcode .attr { color: #ff0000; } .csharpcode .alt { background-color: #f4f4f4; width: 100%; margin: 0em; } .csharpcode .lnum { color: #606060; } The Content property of the HttpResponseMessage doesn’t need to be just plain text, it can also be other formats, for example JSON, XML etc. By using the HttpResponseException we can for example catch an exception and throw a user friendly exception instead: public IEnumerable<string> Get() { try { DoSomething(); return new string[] { "value1", "value2" }; } catch (Exception e) { throw new HttpResponseException(new HttpResponseMessage(HttpStatusCode.InternalServerError) { Content = new StringContent("An error occurred, please try again or contact the administrator."), ReasonPhrase = "Critical Exception" }); } } .csharpcode, .csharpcode pre { font-size: small; color: black; font-family: consolas, "Courier New", courier, monospace; background-color: #ffffff; /*white-space: pre;*/ } .csharpcode pre { margin: 0em; } .csharpcode .rem { color: #008000; } .csharpcode .kwrd { color: #0000ff; } .csharpcode .str { color: #006080; } .csharpcode .op { color: #0000c0; } .csharpcode .preproc { color: #cc6633; } .csharpcode .asp { background-color: #ffff00; } .csharpcode .html { color: #800000; } .csharpcode .attr { color: #ff0000; } .csharpcode .alt { background-color: #f4f4f4; width: 100%; margin: 0em; } .csharpcode .lnum { color: #606060; } Adding a try catch to every ApiController methods will only end in duplication of code, by using a custom ExceptionFilterAttribute or our own custom ApiController base class we can reduce code duplicationof code and also have a more general exception handler for our ApiControllers . By creating a custom ApiController’s and override the ExecuteAsync method, we can add a try catch around the base.ExecuteAsync method, but I prefer to skip the creation of a own custom ApiController, better to use a solution that require few files to be modified. The ExceptionFilterAttribute has a OnException method that we can override and add our exception handling. Here is an example: using System; using System.Diagnostics; using System.Net; using System.Net.Http; using System.Web.Http; using System.Web.Http.Filters; public class ExceptionHandlingAttribute : ExceptionFilterAttribute { public override void OnException(HttpActionExecutedContext context) { if (context.Exception is BusinessException) { throw new HttpResponseException(new HttpResponseMessage(HttpStatusCode.InternalServerError) { Content = new StringContent(context.Exception.Message), ReasonPhrase = "Exception" }); } //Log Critical errors Debug.WriteLine(context.Exception); throw new HttpResponseException(new HttpResponseMessage(HttpStatusCode.InternalServerError) { Content = new StringContent("An error occurred, please try again or contact the administrator."), ReasonPhrase = "Critical Exception" }); } } .csharpcode, .csharpcode pre { font-size: small; color: black; font-family: consolas, "Courier New", courier, monospace; background-color: #ffffff; /*white-space: pre;*/ } .csharpcode pre { margin: 0em; } .csharpcode .rem { color: #008000; } .csharpcode .kwrd { color: #0000ff; } .csharpcode .str { color: #006080; } .csharpcode .op { color: #0000c0; } .csharpcode .preproc { color: #cc6633; } .csharpcode .asp { background-color: #ffff00; } .csharpcode .html { color: #800000; } .csharpcode .attr { color: #ff0000; } .csharpcode .alt { background-color: #f4f4f4; width: 100%; margin: 0em; } .csharpcode .lnum { color: #606060; } Note: Something to have in mind is that the ExceptionFilterAttribute will be ignored if the ApiController action method throws a HttpResponseException. The code above will always make sure a HttpResponseExceptions will be returned, it will also make sure the critical exceptions will show a more user friendly message. The OnException method can also be used to log exceptions. By using a ExceptionFilterAttribute the Get() method in the previous example can now look like this: public IEnumerable<string> Get() { DoSomething(); return new string[] { "value1", "value2" }; } .csharpcode, .csharpcode pre { font-size: small; color: black; font-family: consolas, "Courier New", courier, monospace; background-color: #ffffff; /*white-space: pre;*/ } .csharpcode pre { margin: 0em; } .csharpcode .rem { color: #008000; } .csharpcode .kwrd { color: #0000ff; } .csharpcode .str { color: #006080; } .csharpcode .op { color: #0000c0; } .csharpcode .preproc { color: #cc6633; } .csharpcode .asp { background-color: #ffff00; } .csharpcode .html { color: #800000; } .csharpcode .attr { color: #ff0000; } .csharpcode .alt { background-color: #f4f4f4; width: 100%; margin: 0em; } .csharpcode .lnum { color: #606060; } To use the an ExceptionFilterAttribute, we can for example add the ExceptionFilterAttribute to our ApiControllers methods or to the ApiController class definition, or register it globally for all ApiControllers. You can read more about is here. Note: If something goes wrong in the ExceptionFilterAttribute and an exception is thrown that is not of type HttpResponseException, a formatted exception will be thrown with stack trace etc to the client. How about using a custom IHttpActionInvoker? We can create our own IHTTPActionInvoker and add Exception handling to the invoker. The IHttpActionInvoker will be used to invoke the ApiController’s ExecuteAsync method. Here is an example where the default IHttpActionInvoker, ApiControllerActionInvoker, is used to add exception handling: public class MyApiControllerActionInvoker : ApiControllerActionInvoker { public override Task<HttpResponseMessage> InvokeActionAsync(HttpActionContext actionContext, System.Threading.CancellationToken cancellationToken) { var result = base.InvokeActionAsync(actionContext, cancellationToken); if (result.Exception != null && result.Exception.GetBaseException() != null) { var baseException = result.Exception.GetBaseException(); if (baseException is BusinessException) { return Task.Run<HttpResponseMessage>(() => new HttpResponseMessage(HttpStatusCode.InternalServerError) { Content = new StringContent(baseException.Message), ReasonPhrase = "Error" }); } else { //Log critical error Debug.WriteLine(baseException); return Task.Run<HttpResponseMessage>(() => new HttpResponseMessage(HttpStatusCode.InternalServerError) { Content = new StringContent(baseException.Message), ReasonPhrase = "Critical Error" }); } } return result; } } .csharpcode, .csharpcode pre { font-size: small; color: black; font-family: consolas, "Courier New", courier, monospace; background-color: #ffffff; /*white-space: pre;*/ } .csharpcode pre { margin: 0em; } .csharpcode .rem { color: #008000; } .csharpcode .kwrd { color: #0000ff; } .csharpcode .str { color: #006080; } .csharpcode .op { color: #0000c0; } .csharpcode .preproc { color: #cc6633; } .csharpcode .asp { background-color: #ffff00; } .csharpcode .html { color: #800000; } .csharpcode .attr { color: #ff0000; } .csharpcode .alt { background-color: #f4f4f4; width: 100%; margin: 0em; } .csharpcode .lnum { color: #606060; } You can register the IHttpActionInvoker with your own IoC to resolve the MyApiContollerActionInvoker, or add it in the Global.asax: GlobalConfiguration.Configuration.Services.Remove(typeof(IHttpActionInvoker), GlobalConfiguration.Configuration.Services.GetActionInvoker()); GlobalConfiguration.Configuration.Services.Add(typeof(IHttpActionInvoker), new MyApiControllerActionInvoker()); .csharpcode, .csharpcode pre { font-size: small; color: black; font-family: consolas, "Courier New", courier, monospace; background-color: #ffffff; /*white-space: pre;*/ } .csharpcode pre { margin: 0em; } .csharpcode .rem { color: #008000; } .csharpcode .kwrd { color: #0000ff; } .csharpcode .str { color: #006080; } .csharpcode .op { color: #0000c0; } .csharpcode .preproc { color: #cc6633; } .csharpcode .asp { background-color: #ffff00; } .csharpcode .html { color: #800000; } .csharpcode .attr { color: #ff0000; } .csharpcode .alt { background-color: #f4f4f4; width: 100%; margin: 0em; } .csharpcode .lnum { color: #606060; } How about using a Message Handler for Exception Handling? By creating a custom Message Handler, we can handle error after the ApiController and the ExceptionFilterAttribute is invoked and in that way create a global exception handler, BUT, the only thing we can take a look at is the HttpResponseMessage, we can’t add a try catch around the Message Handler’s SendAsync method. The last Message Handler that will be used in the Wep API pipe-line is the HttpControllerDispatcher and this Message Handler is added to the HttpServer in an early stage. The HttpControllerDispatcher will use the IHttpActionInvoker to invoke the ApiController method. The HttpControllerDipatcher has a try catch that will turn ALL exceptions into a HttpResponseMessage, so that is the reason why a try catch around the SendAsync in a custom Message Handler want help us. If we create our own Host for the Wep API we could create our own custom HttpControllerDispatcher and add or exception handler to that class, but that would be little tricky but is possible. We can in a Message Handler take a look at the HttpResponseMessage’s IsSuccessStatusCode property to see if the request has failed and if we throw the HttpResponseException in our ApiControllers, we could use the HttpResponseException and give it a Reason Phrase and use that to identify business exceptions or critical exceptions. I wouldn’t add an exception handler into a Message Handler, instead I should use the ExceptionFilterAttribute and register it globally for all ApiControllers. BUT, now to another interesting issue. What will happen if we have a Message Handler that throws an exception? Those exceptions will not be catch and handled by the ExceptionFilterAttribute. I found a bug in my previews blog post about “Log message Request and Response in ASP.NET WebAPI” in the MessageHandler I use to log incoming and outgoing messages. Here is the code from my blog before I fixed the bug: public abstract class MessageHandler : DelegatingHandler { protected override async Task<HttpResponseMessage> SendAsync(HttpRequestMessage request, CancellationToken cancellationToken) { var corrId = string.Format("{0}{1}", DateTime.Now.Ticks, Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId); var requestInfo = string.Format("{0} {1}", request.Method, request.RequestUri); var requestMessage = await request.Content.ReadAsByteArrayAsync(); await IncommingMessageAsync(corrId, requestInfo, requestMessage); var response = await base.SendAsync(request, cancellationToken); var responseMessage = await response.Content.ReadAsByteArrayAsync(); await OutgoingMessageAsync(corrId, requestInfo, responseMessage); return response; } protected abstract Task IncommingMessageAsync(string correlationId, string requestInfo, byte[] message); protected abstract Task OutgoingMessageAsync(string correlationId, string requestInfo, byte[] message); } .csharpcode, .csharpcode pre { font-size: small; color: black; font-family: consolas, "Courier New", courier, monospace; background-color: #ffffff; /*white-space: pre;*/ } .csharpcode pre { margin: 0em; } .csharpcode .rem { color: #008000; } .csharpcode .kwrd { color: #0000ff; } .csharpcode .str { color: #006080; } .csharpcode .op { color: #0000c0; } .csharpcode .preproc { color: #cc6633; } .csharpcode .asp { background-color: #ffff00; } .csharpcode .html { color: #800000; } .csharpcode .attr { color: #ff0000; } .csharpcode .alt { background-color: #f4f4f4; width: 100%; margin: 0em; } .csharpcode .lnum { color: #606060; } If a ApiController throws a HttpResponseException, the Content property of the HttpResponseMessage from the SendAsync will be NULL. So a null reference exception is thrown within the MessageHandler. The yellow screen of death will be returned to the client, and the content is HTML and the Http status code is 500. The bug in the MessageHandler was solved by adding a check against the HttpResponseMessage’s IsSuccessStatusCode property: public abstract class MessageHandler : DelegatingHandler { protected override async Task<HttpResponseMessage> SendAsync(HttpRequestMessage request, CancellationToken cancellationToken) { var corrId = string.Format("{0}{1}", DateTime.Now.Ticks, Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId); var requestInfo = string.Format("{0} {1}", request.Method, request.RequestUri); var requestMessage = await request.Content.ReadAsByteArrayAsync(); await IncommingMessageAsync(corrId, requestInfo, requestMessage); var response = await base.SendAsync(request, cancellationToken); byte[] responseMessage; if (response.IsSuccessStatusCode) responseMessage = await response.Content.ReadAsByteArrayAsync(); else responseMessage = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(response.ReasonPhrase); await OutgoingMessageAsync(corrId, requestInfo, responseMessage); return response; } protected abstract Task IncommingMessageAsync(string correlationId, string requestInfo, byte[] message); protected abstract Task OutgoingMessageAsync(string correlationId, string requestInfo, byte[] message); } .csharpcode, .csharpcode pre { font-size: small; color: black; font-family: consolas, "Courier New", courier, monospace; background-color: #ffffff; /*white-space: pre;*/ } .csharpcode pre { margin: 0em; } .csharpcode .rem { color: #008000; } .csharpcode .kwrd { color: #0000ff; } .csharpcode .str { color: #006080; } .csharpcode .op { color: #0000c0; } .csharpcode .preproc { color: #cc6633; } .csharpcode .asp { background-color: #ffff00; } .csharpcode .html { color: #800000; } .csharpcode .attr { color: #ff0000; } .csharpcode .alt { background-color: #f4f4f4; width: 100%; margin: 0em; } .csharpcode .lnum { color: #606060; } If we don’t handle the exceptions that can occur in a custom Message Handler, we can have a hard time to find the problem causing the exception. The savior in this case is the Global.asax’s Application_Error: protected void Application_Error() { var exception = Server.GetLastError(); Debug.WriteLine(exception); } .csharpcode, .csharpcode pre { font-size: small; color: black; font-family: consolas, "Courier New", courier, monospace; background-color: #ffffff; /*white-space: pre;*/ } .csharpcode pre { margin: 0em; } .csharpcode .rem { color: #008000; } .csharpcode .kwrd { color: #0000ff; } .csharpcode .str { color: #006080; } .csharpcode .op { color: #0000c0; } .csharpcode .preproc { color: #cc6633; } .csharpcode .asp { background-color: #ffff00; } .csharpcode .html { color: #800000; } .csharpcode .attr { color: #ff0000; } .csharpcode .alt { background-color: #f4f4f4; width: 100%; margin: 0em; } .csharpcode .lnum { color: #606060; } I would recommend you to add the Application_Error to the Global.asax and log all exceptions to make sure all kind of exception is handled. Summary There are different ways we could add Exception Handling to the Wep API, we can use a custom ApiController, ExceptionFilterAttribute, IHttpActionInvoker or Message Handler. The ExceptionFilterAttribute would be a good place to add a global exception handling, require very few modification, just register it globally for all ApiControllers, even the IHttpActionInvoker can be used to minimize the modifications of files. Adding the Application_Error to the global.asax is a good way to catch all unhandled exception that can occur, for example exception thrown in a Message Handler. If you want to know when I have posted a blog post, you can follow me on twitter @fredrikn

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Use Extension method to write cleaner code

- by Fredrik N

This blog post will show you step by step to refactoring some code to be more readable (at least what I think). Patrik Löwnedahl gave me some of the ideas when we where talking about making code much cleaner. The following is an simple application that will have a list of movies (Normal and Transfer). The task of the application is to calculate the total sum of each movie and also display the price of each movie. class Program { enum MovieType { Normal, Transfer } static void Main(string[] args) { var movies = GetMovies(); int totalPriceOfNormalMovie = 0; int totalPriceOfTransferMovie = 0; foreach (var movie in movies) { if (movie == MovieType.Normal) { totalPriceOfNormalMovie += 2; Console.WriteLine("$2"); } else if (movie == MovieType.Transfer) { totalPriceOfTransferMovie += 3; Console.WriteLine("$3"); } } } private static IEnumerable<MovieType> GetMovies() { return new List<MovieType>() { MovieType.Normal, MovieType.Transfer, MovieType.Normal }; } } .csharpcode, .csharpcode pre { font-size: small; color: black; font-family: consolas, "Courier New", courier, monospace; background-color: #ffffff; /*white-space: pre;*/ } .csharpcode pre { margin: 0em; } .csharpcode .rem { color: #008000; } .csharpcode .kwrd { color: #0000ff; } .csharpcode .str { color: #006080; } .csharpcode .op { color: #0000c0; } .csharpcode .preproc { color: #cc6633; } .csharpcode .asp { background-color: #ffff00; } .csharpcode .html { color: #800000; } .csharpcode .attr { color: #ff0000; } .csharpcode .alt { background-color: #f4f4f4; width: 100%; margin: 0em; } .csharpcode .lnum { color: #606060; } In the code above I’m using an enum, a good way to add types (isn’t it ;)). I also use one foreach loop to calculate the price, the loop has a condition statement to check what kind of movie is added to the list of movies. I want to reuse the foreach only to increase performance and let it do two things (isn’t that smart of me?! ;)). First of all I can admit, I’m not a big fan of enum. Enum often results in ugly condition statements and can be hard to maintain (if a new type is added we need to check all the code in our app to see if we use the enum somewhere else). I don’t often care about pre-optimizations when it comes to write code (of course I have performance in mind). I rather prefer to use two foreach to let them do one things instead of two. So based on what I don’t like and Martin Fowler’s Refactoring catalog, I’m going to refactoring this code to what I will call a more elegant and cleaner code. First of all I’m going to use Split Loop to make sure the foreach will do one thing not two, it will results in two foreach (Don’t care about performance here, if the results will results in bad performance, you can refactoring later, but computers are so fast to day, so iterating through a list is not often so time consuming.) Note: The foreach actually do four things, will come to is later. var movies = GetMovies(); int totalPriceOfNormalMovie = 0; int totalPriceOfTransferMovie = 0; foreach (var movie in movies) { if (movie == MovieType.Normal) { totalPriceOfNormalMovie += 2; Console.WriteLine("$2"); } } foreach (var movie in movies) { if (movie == MovieType.Transfer) { totalPriceOfTransferMovie += 3; Console.WriteLine("$3"); } } .csharpcode, .csharpcode pre { font-size: small; color: black; font-family: consolas, "Courier New", courier, monospace; background-color: #ffffff; /*white-space: pre;*/ } .csharpcode pre { margin: 0em; } .csharpcode .rem { color: #008000; } .csharpcode .kwrd { color: #0000ff; } .csharpcode .str { color: #006080; } .csharpcode .op { color: #0000c0; } .csharpcode .preproc { color: #cc6633; } .csharpcode .asp { background-color: #ffff00; } .csharpcode .html { color: #800000; } .csharpcode .attr { color: #ff0000; } .csharpcode .alt { background-color: #f4f4f4; width: 100%; margin: 0em; } .csharpcode .lnum { color: #606060; } To remove the condition statement we can use the Where extension method added to the IEnumerable<T> and is located in the System.Linq namespace: foreach (var movie in movies.Where( m => m == MovieType.Normal)) { totalPriceOfNormalMovie += 2; Console.WriteLine("$2"); } foreach (var movie in movies.Where( m => m == MovieType.Transfer)) { totalPriceOfTransferMovie += 3; Console.WriteLine("$3"); } .csharpcode, .csharpcode pre { font-size: small; color: black; font-family: consolas, "Courier New", courier, monospace; background-color: #ffffff; /*white-space: pre;*/ } .csharpcode pre { margin: 0em; } .csharpcode .rem { color: #008000; } .csharpcode .kwrd { color: #0000ff; } .csharpcode .str { color: #006080; } .csharpcode .op { color: #0000c0; } .csharpcode .preproc { color: #cc6633; } .csharpcode .asp { background-color: #ffff00; } .csharpcode .html { color: #800000; } .csharpcode .attr { color: #ff0000; } .csharpcode .alt { background-color: #f4f4f4; width: 100%; margin: 0em; } .csharpcode .lnum { color: #606060; } The above code will still do two things, calculate the total price, and display the price of the movie. I will not take care of it at the moment, instead I will focus on the enum and try to remove them. One way to remove enum is by using the Replace Conditional with Polymorphism. So I will create two classes, one base class called Movie, and one called MovieTransfer. The Movie class will have a property called Price, the Movie will now hold the price: public class Movie { public virtual int Price { get { return 2; } } } public class MovieTransfer : Movie { public override int Price { get { return 3; } } } .csharpcode, .csharpcode pre { font-size: small; color: black; font-family: consolas, "Courier New", courier, monospace; background-color: #ffffff; /*white-space: pre;*/ } .csharpcode pre { margin: 0em; } .csharpcode .rem { color: #008000; } .csharpcode .kwrd { color: #0000ff; } .csharpcode .str { color: #006080; } .csharpcode .op { color: #0000c0; } .csharpcode .preproc { color: #cc6633; } .csharpcode .asp { background-color: #ffff00; } .csharpcode .html { color: #800000; } .csharpcode .attr { color: #ff0000; } .csharpcode .alt { background-color: #f4f4f4; width: 100%; margin: 0em; } .csharpcode .lnum { color: #606060; } The following code has no enum and will use the new Movie classes instead: class Program { static void Main(string[] args) { var movies = GetMovies(); int totalPriceOfNormalMovie = 0; int totalPriceOfTransferMovie = 0; foreach (var movie in movies.Where( m => m is Movie)) { totalPriceOfNormalMovie += movie.Price; Console.WriteLine(movie.Price); } foreach (var movie in movies.Where( m => m is MovieTransfer)) { totalPriceOfTransferMovie += movie.Price; Console.WriteLine(movie.Price); } } private static IEnumerable<Movie> GetMovies() { return new List<Movie>() { new Movie(), new MovieTransfer(), new Movie() }; } } .csharpcode, .csharpcode pre { font-size: small; color: black; font-family: consolas, "Courier New", courier, monospace; background-color: #ffffff; /*white-space: pre;*/ } .csharpcode pre { margin: 0em; } .csharpcode .rem { color: #008000; } .csharpcode .kwrd { color: #0000ff; } .csharpcode .str { color: #006080; } .csharpcode .op { color: #0000c0; } .csharpcode .preproc { color: #cc6633; } .csharpcode .asp { background-color: #ffff00; } .csharpcode .html { color: #800000; } .csharpcode .attr { color: #ff0000; } .csharpcode .alt { background-color: #f4f4f4; width: 100%; margin: 0em; } .csharpcode .lnum { color: #606060; } If you take a look at the foreach now, you can see it still actually do two things, calculate the price and display the price. We can do some more refactoring here by using the Sum extension method to calculate the total price of the movies: static void Main(string[] args) { var movies = GetMovies(); int totalPriceOfNormalMovie = movies.Where(m => m is Movie) .Sum(m => m.Price); int totalPriceOfTransferMovie = movies.Where(m => m is MovieTransfer) .Sum(m => m.Price); foreach (var movie in movies.Where( m => m is Movie)) Console.WriteLine(movie.Price); foreach (var movie in movies.Where( m => m is MovieTransfer)) Console.WriteLine(movie.Price); } .csharpcode, .csharpcode pre { font-size: small; color: black; font-family: consolas, "Courier New", courier, monospace; background-color: #ffffff; /*white-space: pre;*/ } .csharpcode pre { margin: 0em; } .csharpcode .rem { color: #008000; } .csharpcode .kwrd { color: #0000ff; } .csharpcode .str { color: #006080; } .csharpcode .op { color: #0000c0; } .csharpcode .preproc { color: #cc6633; } .csharpcode .asp { background-color: #ffff00; } .csharpcode .html { color: #800000; } .csharpcode .attr { color: #ff0000; } .csharpcode .alt { background-color: #f4f4f4; width: 100%; margin: 0em; } .csharpcode .lnum { color: #606060; } Now when the Movie object will hold the price, there is no need to use two separate foreach to display the price of the movies in the list, so we can use only one instead: foreach (var movie in movies) Console.WriteLine(movie.Price); .csharpcode, .csharpcode pre { font-size: small; color: black; font-family: consolas, "Courier New", courier, monospace; background-color: #ffffff; /*white-space: pre;*/ } .csharpcode pre { margin: 0em; } .csharpcode .rem { color: #008000; } .csharpcode .kwrd { color: #0000ff; } .csharpcode .str { color: #006080; } .csharpcode .op { color: #0000c0; } .csharpcode .preproc { color: #cc6633; } .csharpcode .asp { background-color: #ffff00; } .csharpcode .html { color: #800000; } .csharpcode .attr { color: #ff0000; } .csharpcode .alt { background-color: #f4f4f4; width: 100%; margin: 0em; } .csharpcode .lnum { color: #606060; } If we want to increase the Maintainability index we can use the Extract Method to move the Sum of the prices into two separate methods. The name of the method will explain what we are doing: static void Main(string[] args) { var movies = GetMovies(); int totalPriceOfMovie = TotalPriceOfMovie(movies); int totalPriceOfTransferMovie = TotalPriceOfMovieTransfer(movies); foreach (var movie in movies) Console.WriteLine(movie.Price); } private static int TotalPriceOfMovieTransfer(IEnumerable<Movie> movies) { return movies.Where(m => m is MovieTransfer) .Sum(m => m.Price); } private static int TotalPriceOfMovie(IEnumerable<Movie> movies) { return movies.Where(m => m is Movie) .Sum(m => m.Price); } .csharpcode, .csharpcode pre { font-size: small; color: black; font-family: consolas, "Courier New", courier, monospace; background-color: #ffffff; /*white-space: pre;*/ } .csharpcode pre { margin: 0em; } .csharpcode .rem { color: #008000; } .csharpcode .kwrd { color: #0000ff; } .csharpcode .str { color: #006080; } .csharpcode .op { color: #0000c0; } .csharpcode .preproc { color: #cc6633; } .csharpcode .asp { background-color: #ffff00; } .csharpcode .html { color: #800000; } .csharpcode .attr { color: #ff0000; } .csharpcode .alt { background-color: #f4f4f4; width: 100%; margin: 0em; } .csharpcode .lnum { color: #606060; } Now to the last thing, I love the ForEach method of the List<T>, but the IEnumerable<T> doesn’t have it, so I created my own ForEach extension, here is the code of the ForEach extension method: public static class LoopExtensions { public static void ForEach<T>(this IEnumerable<T> values, Action<T> action) { Contract.Requires(values != null); Contract.Requires(action != null); foreach (var v in values) action(v); } } .csharpcode, .csharpcode pre { font-size: small; color: black; font-family: consolas, "Courier New", courier, monospace; background-color: #ffffff; /*white-space: pre;*/ } .csharpcode pre { margin: 0em; } .csharpcode .rem { color: #008000; } .csharpcode .kwrd { color: #0000ff; } .csharpcode .str { color: #006080; } .csharpcode .op { color: #0000c0; } .csharpcode .preproc { color: #cc6633; } .csharpcode .asp { background-color: #ffff00; } .csharpcode .html { color: #800000; } .csharpcode .attr { color: #ff0000; } .csharpcode .alt { background-color: #f4f4f4; width: 100%; margin: 0em; } .csharpcode .lnum { color: #606060; } I will now replace the foreach by using this ForEach method: static void Main(string[] args) { var movies = GetMovies(); int totalPriceOfMovie = TotalPriceOfMovie(movies); int totalPriceOfTransferMovie = TotalPriceOfMovieTransfer(movies); movies.ForEach(m => Console.WriteLine(m.Price)); } .csharpcode, .csharpcode pre { font-size: small; color: black; font-family: consolas, "Courier New", courier, monospace; background-color: #ffffff; /*white-space: pre;*/ } .csharpcode pre { margin: 0em; } .csharpcode .rem { color: #008000; } .csharpcode .kwrd { color: #0000ff; } .csharpcode .str { color: #006080; } .csharpcode .op { color: #0000c0; } .csharpcode .preproc { color: #cc6633; } .csharpcode .asp { background-color: #ffff00; } .csharpcode .html { color: #800000; } .csharpcode .attr { color: #ff0000; } .csharpcode .alt { background-color: #f4f4f4; width: 100%; margin: 0em; } .csharpcode .lnum { color: #606060; } The ForEach on the movies will now display the price of the movie, but maybe we want to display the name of the movie etc, so we can use Extract Method by moving the lamdba expression into a method instead, and let the method explains what we are displaying: movies.ForEach(DisplayMovieInfo); private static void DisplayMovieInfo(Movie movie) { Console.WriteLine(movie.Price); } .csharpcode, .csharpcode pre { font-size: small; color: black; font-family: consolas, "Courier New", courier, monospace; background-color: #ffffff; /*white-space: pre;*/ } .csharpcode pre { margin: 0em; } .csharpcode .rem { color: #008000; } .csharpcode .kwrd { color: #0000ff; } .csharpcode .str { color: #006080; } .csharpcode .op { color: #0000c0; } .csharpcode .preproc { color: #cc6633; } .csharpcode .asp { background-color: #ffff00; } .csharpcode .html { color: #800000; } .csharpcode .attr { color: #ff0000; } .csharpcode .alt { background-color: #f4f4f4; width: 100%; margin: 0em; } .csharpcode .lnum { color: #606060; } Now the refactoring is done! Here is the complete code: class Program { static void Main(string[] args) { var movies = GetMovies(); int totalPriceOfMovie = TotalPriceOfMovie(movies); int totalPriceOfTransferMovie = TotalPriceOfMovieTransfer(movies); movies.ForEach(DisplayMovieInfo); } private static void DisplayMovieInfo(Movie movie) { Console.WriteLine(movie.Price); } private static int TotalPriceOfMovieTransfer(IEnumerable<Movie> movies) { return movies.Where(m => m is MovieTransfer) .Sum(m => m.Price); } private static int TotalPriceOfMovie(IEnumerable<Movie> movies) { return movies.Where(m => m is Movie) .Sum(m => m.Price); } private static IEnumerable<Movie> GetMovies() { return new List<Movie>() { new Movie(), new MovieTransfer(), new Movie() }; } } public class Movie { public virtual int Price { get { return 2; } } } public class MovieTransfer : Movie { public override int Price { get { return 3; } } } pulbic static class LoopExtensions { public static void ForEach<T>(this IEnumerable<T> values, Action<T> action) { Contract.Requires(values != null); Contract.Requires(action != null); foreach (var v in values) action(v); } } .csharpcode, .csharpcode pre { font-size: small; color: black; font-family: consolas, "Courier New", courier, monospace; background-color: #ffffff; /*white-space: pre;*/ } .csharpcode pre { margin: 0em; } .csharpcode .rem { color: #008000; } .csharpcode .kwrd { color: #0000ff; } .csharpcode .str { color: #006080; } .csharpcode .op { color: #0000c0; } .csharpcode .preproc { color: #cc6633; } .csharpcode .asp { background-color: #ffff00; } .csharpcode .html { color: #800000; } .csharpcode .attr { color: #ff0000; } .csharpcode .alt { background-color: #f4f4f4; width: 100%; margin: 0em; } .csharpcode .lnum { color: #606060; } I think the new code is much cleaner than the first one, and I love the ForEach extension on the IEnumerable<T>, I can use it for different kind of things, for example: movies.Where(m => m is Movie) .ForEach(DoSomething); .csharpcode, .csharpcode pre { font-size: small; color: black; font-family: consolas, "Courier New", courier, monospace; background-color: #ffffff; /*white-space: pre;*/ } .csharpcode pre { margin: 0em; } .csharpcode .rem { color: #008000; } .csharpcode .kwrd { color: #0000ff; } .csharpcode .str { color: #006080; } .csharpcode .op { color: #0000c0; } .csharpcode .preproc { color: #cc6633; } .csharpcode .asp { background-color: #ffff00; } .csharpcode .html { color: #800000; } .csharpcode .attr { color: #ff0000; } .csharpcode .alt { background-color: #f4f4f4; width: 100%; margin: 0em; } .csharpcode .lnum { color: #606060; } By using the Where and ForEach extension method, some if statements can be removed and will make the code much cleaner. But the beauty is in the eye of the beholder. What would you have done different, what do you think will make the first example in the blog post look much cleaner than my results, comments are welcome! If you want to know when I will publish a new blog post, you can follow me on twitter: http://www.twitter.com/fredrikn

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Can't change text color in Microsoft Word 2010

- by Wesley

I have Microsoft Office 2010 32-bit running on Windows 7 32-bit. When text is highlighted and a color is selected from the mini-toolbar or the ribbon, the text does not change color. If I change the color for multiple words, and select a different color for each word, the toolbar and ribbon will reflect each of the different colors that I chose, however it is not displayed in the document. So it appears that Word is aware of the text color and not as if it is simply not applying the change. What may be causing this inability to view text colors and how might I fix it? My only troubleshooting attempt so far has been to perform a repair installation of Office. EDIT 1 I created a document, typed a word, selected it and changed the color. I then saved the document as HTML. The text did not change color. This is the HTML in the document: <html xmlns:v="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:vml" xmlns:o="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" xmlns:w="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:word" xmlns:m="http://schemas.microsoft.com/office/2004/12/omml" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40"> <head> <meta http-equiv=Content-Type content="text/html; charset=windows-1252"> <meta name=ProgId content=Word.Document> <meta name=Generator content="Microsoft Word 14"> <meta name=Originator content="Microsoft Word 14"> <link rel=File-List href="Document_1_files/filelist.xml">  <link rel=themeData href="Document_1_files/themedata.thmx"> <link rel=colorSchemeMapping href="Document_1_files/colorschememapping.xml">  <style>  </style>  </head> <body lang=EN-US style='tab-interval:.5in'> <div class=WordSection1> <p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p> <p class=MsoNormal><span class=GramE><span style='color:red'>blah</span></span><span style='color:red'><o:p></o:p></span></p> </div> </body> </html> EDIT 2 I recorded a macro and did the following: Typed a word Selected the word Changed the color. Oddly, I had some strange issues while the macro was recorded. I could not select text with my cursor. I had to select the text with control a and then apply the color change. I then couldn't deselect the selected text. Nonetheless, the text showed that it had a different color in the toolbar, but the color did not display in the document. Here's the macro: Sub Change_Text_Color() ' ' Change_Text_Color Macro ' ' Selection.TypeText Text:="Test Text" Selection.WholeStory Selection.WholeStory End Sub EDIT 3 I opened WordPad and created some text and was able to successfully change the color. If I copy and paste the colored text into a Word 2010 document, the color is lost. However, if you place the I-beam in the text and then look at the color selection drop-down menu on the ribbon or mini-toolbar, you can see that the proper color that the text should be in is highlighted. Edit 4 I uninstalled the entire Office 2010 Suite, rebooted and then reinstalled the suite. No change in behavior. Edit 5 Text cannot be colored in Excel either.

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Google API fonts in a select box

- by Vivek Dragon

get all available fonts from google font api I like to apply the same function in my Fiddle HTML <select id="styleFont"> <option value="0">Myraid Pro</option> <option value="1">Sans ref</option> <option value="2">Times New Roman</option> <option value="3"> Arial</option> </select> <br> <textarea id="custom_text"></textarea> CSS #custom_text{ resize: none;}? Script $("#styleFont").change(function () { var id =$('#styleFont option' + ':selected').text(); $("#custom_text").css('font-family',id); });? I tried to add the google API fonts in my select box by using https://www.googleapis.com/webfonts/v1/webfonts?key=YOUR-API-KEY how to add this to my html page

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Objective-C FontAwesome

- by sdover102

I'm Attempting to get FontAwesome up and running on an iOS app and could use a little assistance. I have the following code for iOS: UIBarButtonItem * viewDeckButton = [[UIBarButtonItem alloc] initWithTitle:@"\uf0c9" style:UIBarButtonItemStyleBordered target:self.viewDeckController action:@selector(toggleLeftView)]; NSDictionary * customTextAttrs = [NSDictionary dictionaryWithObjectsAndKeys: [UIFont fontWithName:@"FontAwesome" size:14.0], UITextAttributeFont, nil]; [viewDeckButton setTitleTextAttributes:customTextAttrs forState:UIControlStateNormal]; @"\uf0c9" corresponds to the css class, icon-reorder. The font appears to be installed on my system (see http://cl.ly/image/2F1x1z2H0i2N). I'm getting the standard box character, as if the font is not loaded (see http://madmonkdev.com/badchar.png). Any help would be appreciated.

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Guidance on building an au pair-to-family networking site.

- by Philip Kidd

I'm building a website for an au pair agency business that will connect au pairs to families around Europe. I know nothing about website building, HTML etc. so I'm using a wysiwyg editer (weebly). How I would like the site to function: Families upload their information into profiles Au pairs do the same families can view a limited part of an au pairs' profile until they pay a deposit After deposit is payed, all au pairs' profile information becomes open to families Families can order au pairs and confirm their order with another payment payment must be made before 'order' is confirmed By 'order' I mean full communications become open between the family and the au pair they have 'ordered' as well as travel information being sent to another agency the site needs to be linked with a bank account (e.g paypal) and another agency, who will look after the flight bookings etc. A website already exists for this business however it just contains information on the business and application forms - if the site becomes fully automated it will relieve a lot of strain on administration in the office (dealing with applications, travel information etc.)

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Barcodes and Bugs

- by Tim Dexter

A great mail from Mike at Browning last week. He has been through the ringer getting his BIP barcoding sorted out but he's now out of the woods. Here's the final result. By way of explanation, an excerpt from Mike's email: This is an example of the GS1_128 carton shipping labels we are now producing with BIP in our web application for our vendors who drop ship products to our dealers. It produces 4 labels per printed page, in PDF format, on peel & stick label paper. Each label has a unique carton number, and a unique carton serial number in the SSCC-18 barcode. This example is for Cabelas (each customer has slightly different GS1-128 label format requirements – custom template for each - a pain!). I am using custom java encoders I wrote for the UPC and SSCC-18 barcodes, and a standard encoder (code128b) for the ShipTo zip barcode. Is there any way yet to get around that SUPER ANNOYING bug when opening the rtf template in MS Word, and it replaces my xsl code text in the barcode fields with gibberish??? Every time I open it I have to re-enter all the xsl code. Not only to be able to read & edit it, but also to get it to work in BIP (BIP doesn’t like the gibberish if I upload the template that has it). Mike's last point, regarding the annoying bug in the template builder, is one that I have experienced occasionally. The development team have looked at it and found it to be an issue with MSWord and not a plugin problem. That's all well and good but how can you get around it? Well, you can take advantage of the font mapping that BIP offers to get the barcodes into the PDF output. As many of you know, getting a barcode font to appear in the PDF output, you need employ the use of the xdo.cfg file in the template builder config directory.You would normally have an entry such as this: <font family="Code 128" style="normal" weight="normal"> <truetype path="C:\windows\fonts\128R00.TTF" /> </font>to map a barcode font to get it to render in the PDF output when testing from the template builder plugin. Mike's issue is only present when the formfield is highlighted with a barcode font. The other fields in the template are OK. What you can do to get around the issue is to bend the config entry to get around having to use the barcode font in the template at all. Changing the entry to something like: <font family="Calibri" style="normal" weight="normal"> <truetype path="C:\windows\fonts\128R00.TTF" /> </font> Note that we are mapping the Calibri; a humanly readable and non 'erroring' font in the template, to the code 128 barcode font. Where you used to highlight the field with the barcode in MSWord, you now use the Calibri font instead. At run time, BIP will go look for the Calibri font mapping and will drop in the Code128 font. Of course, Calibri is an example; you need to pick a font that you are not going to use any where else in the layout.

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Change font size in ListView - Android/Eclipse

- by Soren

How can I change the font size in a ListView element? In my main.xml file, I have tried several different values in for android:textSize (pt,px,sp,dp) and nothing seems to change it. Here is what I have currently for the in my main.xml: <ListView xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:id="@android:id/list" android:textColor="#ffffff" android:background="#000080" android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:clickable="true" android:dividerHeight="1px" android:layout_marginTop="5px" android:textSize="8px"/> Here is my Java: package com.SorenWinslow.TriumphHistory; import android.app.ListActivity; import android.os.Bundle; import android.widget.ArrayAdapter; public class TriumphHistory extends ListActivity { String[] HistoryList; /** Called when the activity is first created. */ @Override public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.main); ArrayAdapter<String> adapter; HistoryList = getResources().getStringArray(R.array.history); adapter = new ArrayAdapter<String> (this,android.R.layout.simple_list_item_1,HistoryList); setListAdapter(adapter); } }

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TTStyledTextLabel offset between link and regular text when changing from default font

- by Guy Ephraim

I'm using Three20 TTStyledTextLabel and when I change the default font (Helvetica) to something else it creates some kind of height difference between links and regular text The following code demonstrate my problem: #import <Three20/Three20.h> @interface TestController : UIViewController { } @end @implementation TestController -(id)init{ self = [super init]; TTStyledTextLabel* label = [[[TTStyledTextLabel alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(0, 0, 320, 230)] autorelease]; label.text = [TTStyledText textFromXHTML:@"<a href=\"aa://link1\">link</a> text" lineBreaks:YES URLs:YES]; [label setFont:[UIFont systemFontOfSize:16]]; [[self view] addSubview:label]; TTStyledTextLabel* label2 = [[[TTStyledTextLabel alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(0, 230, 320, 230)] autorelease]; label2.text = [TTStyledText textFromXHTML:@"<a href=\"aa://link1\">link2</a> text2" lineBreaks:YES URLs:YES]; [label2 setFont:[UIFont fontWithName:@"HelveticaNeue" size:16]]; [[self view] addSubview:label2]; return self; } @end In the screen shot you can see that the first link is aligned and the second one isn't How do I fix it? I think there is a bug in the TTStyledTextLabel code...

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UiPickerView change font color according data

- by Fulkron

I'm using a pickerView with multiple components related to several fields in a Database (CoreData). Is it possible to change the fontcolor for a specific component according the presence of data in the DB ? For example the field in the DB is null the component font color should be RED otherwise black. Any help will be appreciated ! Dario ================== Thanks Kenny, I have to apply to a single UIPicker only. So I', returning the view parametere (without modificatiosn). The result is all the pickers show empty rows. Thanks for help ! Here you will find the code fragment: - (UIView *)pickerView:(UIPickerView *)pickerView viewForRow:(NSInteger)row forComponent:(NSInteger)component reusingView:(UIView *)view { if (pickerView == tipoPk){ UILabel *label = [[UILabel alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(0, 0, 100,30)]; label.textColor = [UIColor redColor]; switch (component) { case PK_Tipo: label.text = [tipoArray objectAtIndex:row]]; break; case PK_Settore: label.text = [settoreArray objectAtIndex:row]]; break; default: break; } return label; } else { return view; // <==== return view for non related pickerviews , but no rows shown } }

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Setting WPF RichTextBox width and height according to the size of a monospace font

- by oxeb

I am trying to fit a WPF RichTextBox to exactly accommodate a grid of characters in a particular monospace font. I am currently using FormattedText to determine the width and height of my RichTextBox, but the measurements it is providing me with are too small--specifically two characters in width too small. Is there a better way to perform this task? This does not seem to be an appropriate way to determine the size of my control. RichTextBox rtb; rtb = new RichTextBox(); FontFamily fontFamily = new FontFamily("Consolas"); double fontSize = 16; char standardizationCharacter = 'X'; String standardizationLine = ""; for(long loop = 0; loop < columns; loop ++) { standardizationLine += standardizationCharacter; } standardizationLine += Environment.NewLine; String standardizationString = ""; for(long loop = 0; loop < rows; loop ++) { standardizationString += standardizationLine; } Typeface typeface = new Typeface(fontFamily, FontStyles.Normal, FontWeights.Normal, FontStretches.Normal); FormattedText formattedText = new FormattedText(standardizationString, CultureInfo.CurrentCulture, FlowDirection.LeftToRight, typeface, fontSize, Brushes.Black); rtb.Width = formattedText.Width; rtb.Height = formattedText.Height;

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Cannot change font size /type in plots

- by Sameet Nabar

I recently had to re-install my operating system (Ubuntu). The only thing I did differently is that I installed Matlab on a separate partition, not the main Ubuntu partition. After re-installing, the fonts in my plots are no longer configurable. For example, if I ask the title font to be bold, it doesn't happen. I ran the sample code below on my computer and then on my colleague's computer and the 2 results are attached. This cannot be a problem with the code; rather in the settings of Matlab. Could somebody please tell me what settings I need to change? Thanks in advance for your help. Regards, Sameet. x1=-pi:.1:pi; x2=-pi:pi/10:pi; y1=sin(x1); y2=tan(sin(x2)) - sin(tan(x2)); [AX,H1,H2]=plotyy(x1,y1,x2,y2); xlabel ('Time (hh:mm)'); ylabel (AX(1), 'Plot1'); ylabel (AX(2), 'Plot2'); axes(AX(2)) set(H1,'linestyle','none','marker','.'); set(H2,'linestyle','none','marker','.'); title('Plot Title','FontWeight','bold'); set(gcf, 'Visible', 'off'); [legh, objh] = legend([H1 H2],'Plot1', 'Plot2','location','Best'); set(legend,'FontSize',8); print -dpng Trial.png; Bad image: http://imageshack.us/photo/my-images/708/trial1u.png/ Good image: http://imageshack.us/photo/my-images/87/trial2.png/

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Font for tabs looks a little too big

- by cf_PhillipSenn

I'm using the default for jQueryUI, but it looks like the font is a little big. I know that one solution would be "WELL! JUST MAKE IT SMALLER!", but I'm just wondering if I've messed something up or I don't have a value set correctly before I charge in and start changing things. <!DOCTYPE HTML> <html> <head> <script src="http://www.google.com/jsapi"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> google.load("jquery", "1"); </script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="http://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jqueryui/1/themes/smoothness/jquery-ui.css" type="text/css" media="all" /> <script type="text/javascript"> google.load("jqueryui", "1"); function OnLoadCallbackUI(){ $('#tabs').tabs(); } google.setOnLoadCallback(OnLoadCallbackUI); </script> </head> <body> <div id="tabs"> <ul> <li><a href="#tabs-1">tab1</a></li> <li><a href="#tabs-2">tab2</a></li> </ul> <div id="tabs-1"> tabs-1 </div> <div id="tabs-2"> tabs-2 </div> </div> </body> </html>

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Linux Mint 14 severe overheating

- by agvares

I've tried switching to Mint (it was Mint 12) about 6 months ago, but failed to do it due to enormous overheating which made it virtually impossible to run any applications more complex than Gedit. Time had passed, and now I'm back again with Mint 14, but feeling way more determined. What I face are the following issues: 1) Great overheating (and by great I mean that just by doing nothing my CPU temp is floating around 70-75 C, which I find a lot) 2) Running multiple applications (let's say Chrome, Skype and Pidgin) results in critical overheating and immediate shutdown of the system 3) Due to the stuff listed above, my battery drains in about 10-15 minutes, pretty much turning my laptop into a crippled desktop machine I've got a HP-dv6 laptop (i7, 6gb RAM, dual graphics) Here's the output of lspci: 00:00.0 Host bridge: Intel Corporation 2nd Generation Core Processor Family DRAM Controller (rev 09) 00:01.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation Xeon E3-1200/2nd Generation Core Processor Family PCI Express Root Port (rev 09) 00:02.0 VGA compatible controller: Intel Corporation 2nd Generation Core Processor Family Integrated Graphics Controller (rev 09) 00:16.0 Communication controller: Intel Corporation 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family MEI Controller #1 (rev 04) 00:1a.0 USB controller: Intel Corporation 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family USB Enhanced Host Controller #2 (rev 05) 00:1b.0 Audio device: Intel Corporation 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family High Definition Audio Controller (rev 05) 00:1c.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family PCI Express Root Port 1 (rev b5) 00:1c.1 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family PCI Express Root Port 2 (rev b5) 00:1c.2 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family PCI Express Root Port 3 (rev b5) 00:1c.3 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family PCI Express Root Port 4 (rev b5) 00:1d.0 USB controller: Intel Corporation 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family USB Enhanced Host Controller #1 (rev 05) 00:1f.0 ISA bridge: Intel Corporation HM65 Express Chipset Family LPC Controller (rev 05) 00:1f.2 SATA controller: Intel Corporation 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family 6 port SATA AHCI Controller (rev 05) 00:1f.3 SMBus: Intel Corporation 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family SMBus Controller (rev 05) 01:00.0 VGA compatible controller: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] nee ATI Whistler XT [AMD Radeon HD 6700M Series] 07:00.0 Ethernet controller: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL8111/8168B PCI Express Gigabit Ethernet controller (rev 06) 0d:00.0 Network controller: Broadcom Corporation BCM4313 802.11b/g/n Wireless LAN Controller (rev 01) 13:00.0 Unassigned class [ff00]: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTS5209 PCI Express Card Reader (rev 01) 19:00.0 USB controller: NEC Corporation uPD720200 USB 3.0 Host Controller (rev 04) what i've tried to do already: 1) I've edited my grub file to add some "splash" arguments there 2) Installed jupiter and powertop 3) Tried to upgrade to newer kernels (up to 3.8), btw running anything newer than 3.5 results in both resolution and wi-fi detection fail 4) Read lots of forum threads devoted to the topic So, my question is simple: What else might I do to become finally able to use Mint as my default OS without the risk of being burned alive by the CPU heat?

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Do Not Optimize Without Measuring

- by Alois Kraus

Recently I had to do some performance work which included reading a lot of code. It is fascinating with what ideas people come up to solve a problem. Especially when there is no problem. When you look at other peoples code you will not be able to tell if it is well performing or not by reading it. You need to execute it with some sort of tracing or even better under a profiler. The first rule of the performance club is not to think and then to optimize but to measure, think and then optimize. The second rule is to do this do this in a loop to prevent slipping in bad things for too long into your code base. If you skip for some reason the measure step and optimize directly it is like changing the wave function in quantum mechanics. This has no observable effect in our world since it does represent only a probability distribution of all possible values. In quantum mechanics you need to let the wave function collapse to a single value. A collapsed wave function has therefore not many but one distinct value. This is what we physicists call a measurement. If you optimize your application without measuring it you are just changing the probability distribution of your potential performance values. Which performance your application actually has is still unknown. You only know that it will be within a specific range with a certain probability. As usual there are unlikely values within your distribution like a startup time of 20 minutes which should only happen once in 100 000 years. 100 000 years are a very short time when the first customer tries your heavily distributed networking application to run over a slow WIFI network… What is the point of this? Every programmer/architect has a mental performance model in his head. A model has always a set of explicit preconditions and a lot more implicit assumptions baked into it. When the model is good it will help you to think of good designs but it can also be the source of problems. In real world systems not all assumptions of your performance model (implicit or explicit) hold true any longer. The only way to connect your performance model and the real world is to measure it. In the WIFI example the model did assume a low latency high bandwidth LAN connection. If this assumption becomes wrong the system did have a drastic change in startup time. Lets look at a example. Lets assume we want to cache some expensive UI resource like fonts objects. For this undertaking we do create a Cache class with the UI themes we want to support. Since Fonts are expensive objects we do create it on demand the first time the theme is requested. A simple example of a Theme cache might look like this: using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Drawing; struct Theme { public Color Color; public Font Font; } static class ThemeCache { static Dictionary<string, Theme> _Cache = new Dictionary<string, Theme> { {"Default", new Theme { Color = Color.AliceBlue }}, {"Theme12", new Theme { Color = Color.Aqua }}, }; public static Theme Get(string theme) { Theme cached = _Cache[theme]; if (cached.Font == null) { Console.WriteLine("Creating new font"); cached.Font = new Font("Arial", 8); } return cached; } } class Program { static void Main(string[] args) { Theme item = ThemeCache.Get("Theme12"); item = ThemeCache.Get("Theme12"); } } This cache does create font objects only once since on first retrieve of the Theme object the font is added to the Theme object. When we let the application run it should print “Creating new font” only once. Right? Wrong! The vigilant readers have spotted the issue already. The creator of this cache class wanted to get maximum performance. So he decided that the Theme object should be a value type (struct) to not put too much pressure on the garbage collector. The code Theme cached = _Cache[theme]; if (cached.Font == null) { Console.WriteLine("Creating new font"); cached.Font = new Font("Arial", 8); } does work with a copy of the value stored in the dictionary. This means we do mutate a copy of the Theme object and return it to our caller. But the original Theme object in the dictionary will have always null for the Font field! The solution is to change the declaration of struct Theme to class Theme or to update the theme object in the dictionary. Our cache as it is currently is actually a non caching cache. The funny thing was that I found out with a profiler by looking at which objects where finalized. I found way too many font objects to be finalized. After a bit debugging I found the allocation source for Font objects was this cache. Since this cache was there for years it means that the cache was never needed since I found no perf issue due to the creation of font objects. the cache was never profiled if it did bring any performance gain. to make the cache beneficial it needs to be accessed much more often. That was the story of the non caching cache. Next time I will write something something about measuring.

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Sd card bigger than 2gb is not recognized in ubuntu 12.04

- by dex1

When I insert a card up to 2gb it is immediately seen by the system but if try it with bigger one it's not seen. I presume the issue is not due to the card reader itself as it reads all cards under windows 7 but due to linux driver. I could see some people having similar issues but no solution. Any help appreciated. GParted doesnt see cards bigger than 2gb. After insertion small card ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ dmesg [10169.384481] mmc0: new SD card at address a95c [10169.384870] mmcblk0: mmc0:a95c SD016 14.0 MiB [10169.386715] mmcblk0: p1 everything worked fine then I removed the small one and put 8gb, waited for 2min [10295.736422] mmc0: card a95c removed [10362.448383] sdhci: Switching to 1.8V signalling voltage failed, retrying with S18R set to 0 [10372.480076] mmc0: Timeout waiting for hardware interrupt. [10382.496146] mmc0: Timeout waiting for hardware interrupt. [10392.512149] mmc0: Timeout waiting for hardware interrupt. [10402.528145] mmc0: Timeout waiting for hardware interrupt. [10402.529267] mmc0: error -110 whilst initialising SD card [10402.748807] sdhci: Switching to 1.8V signalling voltage failed, retrying with S18R set to 0 [10412.768063] mmc0: Timeout waiting for hardware interrupt. [10422.784051] mmc0: Timeout waiting for hardware interrupt. [10432.800076] mmc0: Timeout waiting for hardware interrupt. [10442.816067] mmc0: Timeout waiting for hardware interrupt. [10442.817165] mmc0: error -110 whilst initialising SD card [10443.040805] sdhci: Switching to 1.8V signalling voltage failed, retrying with S18R set to 0 [10453.056145] mmc0: Timeout waiting for hardware interrupt. [10463.072139] mmc0: Timeout waiting for hardware interrupt. [10473.088050] mmc0: Timeout waiting for hardware interrupt. [10483.104046] mmc0: Timeout waiting for hardware interrupt. [10483.104107] mmc0: error -110 whilst initialising SD card [10483.328960] sdhci: Switching to 1.8V signalling voltage failed, retrying with S18R set to 0 [10493.344144] mmc0: Timeout waiting for hardware interrupt. ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ lspci 00:00.0 Host bridge: Intel Corporation Mobile PM965/GM965/GL960 Memory Controller Hub (rev 03) 00:02.0 VGA compatible controller: Intel Corporation Mobile GM965/GL960 Integrated Graphics Controller (primary) (rev 03) 00:02.1 Display controller: Intel Corporation Mobile GM965/GL960 Integrated Graphics Controller (secondary) (rev 03) 00:1a.0 USB controller: Intel Corporation 82801H (ICH8 Family) USB UHCI Controller #4 (rev 03) 00:1a.1 USB controller: Intel Corporation 82801H (ICH8 Family) USB UHCI Controller #5 (rev 03) 00:1a.7 USB controller: Intel Corporation 82801H (ICH8 Family) USB2 EHCI Controller #2 (rev 03) 00:1b.0 Audio device: Intel Corporation 82801H (ICH8 Family) HD Audio Controller (rev 03) 00:1c.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 82801H (ICH8 Family) PCI Express Port 1 (rev 03) 00:1c.3 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 82801H (ICH8 Family) PCI Express Port 4 (rev 03) 00:1c.4 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 82801H (ICH8 Family) PCI Express Port 5 (rev 03) 00:1c.5 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 82801H (ICH8 Family) PCI Express Port 6 (rev 03) 00:1d.0 USB controller: Intel Corporation 82801H (ICH8 Family) USB UHCI Controller #1 (rev 03) 00:1d.1 USB controller: Intel Corporation 82801H (ICH8 Family) USB UHCI Controller #2 (rev 03) 00:1d.2 USB controller: Intel Corporation 82801H (ICH8 Family) USB UHCI Controller #3 (rev 03) 00:1d.7 USB controller: Intel Corporation 82801H (ICH8 Family) USB2 EHCI Controller #1 (rev 03) 00:1e.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 82801 Mobile PCI Bridge (rev f3) 00:1f.0 ISA bridge: Intel Corporation 82801HM (ICH8M) LPC Interface Controller (rev 03) 00:1f.1 IDE interface: Intel Corporation 82801HM/HEM (ICH8M/ICH8M-E) IDE Controller (rev 03) 00:1f.2 SATA controller: Intel Corporation 82801HM/HEM (ICH8M/ICH8M-E) SATA Controller [AHCI mode] (rev 03) 00:1f.3 SMBus: Intel Corporation 82801H (ICH8 Family) SMBus Controller (rev 03) 07:00.0 Ethernet controller: Marvell Technology Group Ltd. 88E8072 PCI-E Gigabit Ethernet Controller (rev 16) 0a:01.0 FireWire (IEEE 1394): O2 Micro, Inc. Firewire (IEEE 1394) (rev 02) 0a:01.2 SD Host controller: O2 Micro, Inc. Integrated MMC/SD Controller (rev 02) 0a:01.3 Mass storage controller: O2 Micro, Inc. Integrated MS/xD Controller (rev 01) Same cards, same machine (same reader) only different OS(win7) work flawlessly. Some interesting reading I came across but is Chinese for me http://www.mail-archive.com/[email protected]/msg14598.html and another bit http://article.gmane.org/gmane.linux.kernel.mmc/11973/match=sd+card+not+recognized

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12.04 making BCM4313 card work with aircrack-ng?

- by Charles Forest

I'm a real Linux Noob, just started using it (this month) and until now i had no issues. now i'm trying to set-up aircrack-ng on my laptop, but it seems like it's using the worst card possible (or almost) there is a TON of tutorial on this card (seems to be hell to set-up) i have tryed some, but i ended up uninstalling my drivers, messing with my desktops, and ended by having no more "X" to close my windows (i have no clue how i ended there) i just re-installed my linux (took me 2 hours to setup everything again), but now i'm a bit "Scared" to try tutorials randomly again. Right now it says the driver is wl, wich is not the one i want (AFAIK it's not supported) i'm not sure what kind of informations are needed, but here's what i think could be usefull. lspci -knn 00:00.0 Host bridge [0600]: Intel Corporation 2nd Generation Core Processor Family DRAM Controller [8086:0104] (rev 09) Subsystem: Samsung Electronics Co Ltd Device [144d:c0a5] Kernel driver in use: agpgart-intel 00:01.0 PCI bridge [0604]: Intel Corporation Xeon E3-1200/2nd Generation Core Processor Family PCI Express Root Port [8086:0101] (rev 09) Kernel driver in use: pcieport Kernel modules: shpchp 00:02.0 VGA compatible controller [0300]: Intel Corporation 2nd Generation Core Processor Family Integrated Graphics Controller [8086:0116] (rev 09) Subsystem: Samsung Electronics Co Ltd Device [144d:c0a5] Kernel driver in use: i915 Kernel modules: i915 00:16.0 Communication controller [0780]: Intel Corporation 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family MEI Controller #1 [8086:1c3a] (rev 04) Subsystem: Samsung Electronics Co Ltd Device [144d:c0a5] Kernel driver in use: mei Kernel modules: mei 00:1a.0 USB controller [0c03]: Intel Corporation 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family USB Enhanced Host Controller #2 [8086:1c2d] (rev 04) Subsystem: Samsung Electronics Co Ltd Device [144d:c0a5] Kernel driver in use: ehci_hcd 00:1b.0 Audio device [0403]: Intel Corporation 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family High Definition Audio Controller [8086:1c20] (rev 04) Subsystem: Samsung Electronics Co Ltd Device [144d:c0a5] Kernel driver in use: snd_hda_intel Kernel modules: snd-hda-intel 00:1c.0 PCI bridge [0604]: Intel Corporation 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family PCI Express Root Port 1 [8086:1c10] (rev b4) Kernel driver in use: pcieport Kernel modules: shpchp 00:1c.3 PCI bridge [0604]: Intel Corporation 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family PCI Express Root Port 4 [8086:1c16] (rev b4) Kernel driver in use: pcieport Kernel modules: shpchp 00:1c.4 PCI bridge [0604]: Intel Corporation 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family PCI Express Root Port 5 [8086:1c18] (rev b4) Kernel driver in use: pcieport Kernel modules: shpchp 00:1d.0 USB controller [0c03]: Intel Corporation 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family USB Enhanced Host Controller #1 [8086:1c26] (rev 04) Subsystem: Samsung Electronics Co Ltd Device [144d:c0a5] Kernel driver in use: ehci_hcd 00:1f.0 ISA bridge [0601]: Intel Corporation HM65 Express Chipset Family LPC Controller [8086:1c49] (rev 04) Subsystem: Samsung Electronics Co Ltd Device [144d:c0a5] Kernel modules: iTCO_wdt 00:1f.2 SATA controller [0106]: Intel Corporation 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family 6 port SATA AHCI Controller [8086:1c03] (rev 04) Subsystem: Samsung Electronics Co Ltd Device [144d:c0a5] Kernel driver in use: ahci 00:1f.3 SMBus [0c05]: Intel Corporation 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family SMBus Controller [8086:1c22] (rev 04) Subsystem: Samsung Electronics Co Ltd Device [144d:c0a5] Kernel modules: i2c-i801 01:00.0 3D controller [0302]: NVIDIA Corporation GF108 [GeForce GT 540M] [10de:0df4] (rev a1) Subsystem: Samsung Electronics Co Ltd Device [144d:c0a5] Kernel driver in use: nouveau Kernel modules: nouveau, nvidiafb WIRELESS CARD 02:00.0 Network controller [0280]: Broadcom Corporation BCM4313 802.11b/g/n Wireless LAN Controller [14e4:4727] (rev 01) Subsystem: Wistron NeWeb Corp. Device [185f:051a] Kernel driver in use: wl Kernel modules: wl, bcma, brcmsmac REST... 03:00.0 Ethernet controller [0200]: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL8111/8168B PCI Express Gigabit Ethernet controller [10ec:8168] (rev 06) Subsystem: Samsung Electronics Co Ltd Device [144d:c0a5] Kernel driver in use: r8169 Kernel modules: r8169 04:00.0 USB controller [0c03]: NEC Corporation uPD720200 USB 3.0 Host Controller [1033:0194] (rev 04) Subsystem: Samsung Electronics Co Ltd Device [144d:c0a5] Kernel driver in use: xhci_hcd Also, if i'm "screwed" with my hardware, just tell me.

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Upgraded to 12.04 now wifi doesn't work

- by Benito Kestelman

My laptop's wifi stopped working when I upgraded to Ubuntu 12.04 (wired works). I just reinstalled 12.04 over my old 12.04 on which wifi didn't work either in an attempt to restore any settings I may have accidentally changed, but it still doesn't work. I also used a wired connection to install updates in case this bug has been fixed, but it has not. Here is the result of sudo lshw -class network: *-network description: Wireless interface product: Centrino Wireless-N + WiMAX 6150 vendor: Intel Corporation physical id: 0 bus info: pci@0000:02:00.0 logical name: wlan0 version: 67 serial: 40:25:c2:5f:5b:f4 width: 64 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: pm msi pciexpress bus_master cap_list ethernet physical wireless configuration: broadcast=yes driver=iwlwifi driverversion=3.2.0-29-generic-pae firmware=41.28.5.1 build 33926 latency=0 link=no multicast=yes wireless=IEEE 802.11bgn resources: irq:51 memory:de800000-de801fff *-network description: Ethernet interface product: AR8151 v2.0 Gigabit Ethernet vendor: Atheros Communications Inc. physical id: 0 bus info: pci@0000:04:00.0 logical name: eth0 version: c0 serial: 14:da:e9:c0:da:78 capacity: 1Gbit/s width: 64 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: pm msi pciexpress vpd bus_master cap_list ethernet physical tp 10bt 10bt-fd 100bt 100bt-fd 1000bt-fd autonegotiation configuration: autonegotiation=on broadcast=yes driver=atl1c driverversion=1.0.1.0-NAPI firmware=N/A latency=0 link=no multicast=yes port=twisted pair resources: irq:54 memory:dd400000-dd43ffff ioport:a000(size=128) Here is rfkill list all: 0: phy0: Wireless LAN Soft blocked: no Hard blocked: no 1: asus-wlan: Wireless LAN Soft blocked: no Hard blocked: no 2: asus-wimax: WiMAX Soft blocked: no Hard blocked: no lsusb: Bus 001 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub Bus 002 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub Bus 003 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub Bus 004 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0003 Linux Foundation 3.0 root hub Bus 001 Device 002: ID 8087:0024 Intel Corp. Integrated Rate Matching Hub Bus 002 Device 002: ID 8087:0024 Intel Corp. Integrated Rate Matching Hub Bus 001 Device 003: ID 8087:07d6 Intel Corp. Bus 001 Device 004: ID 13d3:5710 IMC Networks Bus 002 Device 003: ID 045e:0745 Microsoft Corp. Nano Transceiver v1.0 for Bluetooth Bus 003 Device 003: ID 0781:5530 SanDisk Corp. Cruzer lspci: 00:00.0 Host bridge: Intel Corporation 2nd Generation Core Processor Family DRAM Controller (rev 09) 00:02.0 VGA compatible controller: Intel Corporation 2nd Generation Core Processor Family Integrated Graphics Controller (rev 09) 00:16.0 Communication controller: Intel Corporation 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family MEI Controller #1 (rev 04) 00:1a.0 USB controller: Intel Corporation 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family USB Enhanced Host Controller #2 (rev 05) 00:1b.0 Audio device: Intel Corporation 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family High Definition Audio Controller (rev 05) 00:1c.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family PCI Express Root Port 1 (rev b5) 00:1c.1 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family PCI Express Root Port 2 (rev b5) 00:1c.3 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family PCI Express Root Port 4 (rev b5) 00:1c.5 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family PCI Express Root Port 6 (rev b5) 00:1d.0 USB controller: Intel Corporation 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family USB Enhanced Host Controller #1 (rev 05) 00:1f.0 ISA bridge: Intel Corporation HM65 Express Chipset Family LPC Controller (rev 05) 00:1f.2 SATA controller: Intel Corporation 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family 6 port SATA AHCI Controller (rev 05) 00:1f.3 SMBus: Intel Corporation 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family SMBus Controller (rev 05) 02:00.0 Network controller: Intel Corporation Centrino Wireless-N + WiMAX 6150 (rev 67) 03:00.0 USB controller: ASMedia Technology Inc. ASM1042 SuperSpeed USB Host Controller 04:00.0 Ethernet controller: Atheros Communications Inc. AR8151 v2.0 Gigabit Ethernet (rev c0)

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Drivers for Atheros AR928X?

- by Pato7

I am new in Ubuntu and I had a big trouble with wifi. My ubuntu 12.10 doesn't detect my wifi card and I can't toggle the "activate wireless" option on the tasks bar (it is grey). I searched for drivers to make it work, but nothing worked for me. Can anyone give me a hand? Many thanks in advanced! lspci output 00:00.0 Host bridge: Intel Corporation Mobile 4 Series Chipset Memory Controller Hub (rev 07) 00:01.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation Mobile 4 Series Chipset PCI Express Graphics Port (rev 07) 00:1a.0 USB controller: Intel Corporation 82801I (ICH9 Family) USB UHCI Controller #4 (rev 03) 00:1a.1 USB controller: Intel Corporation 82801I (ICH9 Family) USB UHCI Controller #5 (rev 03) 00:1a.2 USB controller: Intel Corporation 82801I (ICH9 Family) USB UHCI Controller #6 (rev 03) 00:1a.7 USB controller: Intel Corporation 82801I (ICH9 Family) USB2 EHCI Controller #2 (rev 03) 00:1b.0 Audio device: Intel Corporation 82801I (ICH9 Family) HD Audio Controller (rev 03) 00:1c.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 82801I (ICH9 Family) PCI Express Port 1 (rev 03) 00:1c.1 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 82801I (ICH9 Family) PCI Express Port 2 (rev 03) 00:1c.2 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 82801I (ICH9 Family) PCI Express Port 3 (rev 03) 00:1d.0 USB controller: Intel Corporation 82801I (ICH9 Family) USB UHCI Controller #1 (rev 03) 00:1d.1 USB controller: Intel Corporation 82801I (ICH9 Family) USB UHCI Controller #2 (rev 03) 00:1d.2 USB controller: Intel Corporation 82801I (ICH9 Family) USB UHCI Controller #3 (rev 03) 00:1d.7 USB controller: Intel Corporation 82801I (ICH9 Family) USB2 EHCI Controller #1 (rev 03) 00:1e.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 82801 Mobile PCI Bridge (rev 93) 00:1f.0 ISA bridge: Intel Corporation ICH9M LPC Interface Controller (rev 03) 00:1f.2 SATA controller: Intel Corporation 82801IBM/IEM (ICH9M/ICH9M-E) 4 port SATA Controller [AHCI mode] (rev 03) 00:1f.3 SMBus: Intel Corporation 82801I (ICH9 Family) SMBus Controller (rev 03) 01:00.0 VGA compatible controller: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] nee ATI RV710 [Mobility Radeon HD 4500/5100 Series] 01:00.1 Audio device: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] nee ATI RV710/730 HDMI Audio [Radeon HD 4000 series] 02:00.0 Ethernet controller: Marvell Technology Group Ltd. 88E8057 PCI-E Gigabit Ethernet Controller (rev 10) 03:00.0 Network controller: Atheros Communications Inc. AR928X Wireless Network Adapter (PCI-Express) (rev 01) 0c:03.0 FireWire (IEEE 1394): Ricoh Co Ltd R5C832 IEEE 1394 Controller (rev 05) 0c:03.1 SD Host controller: Ricoh Co Ltd R5C822 SD/SDIO/MMC/MS/MSPro Host Adapter (rev 22) 0c:03.2 System peripheral: Ricoh Co Ltd R5C592 Memory Stick Bus Host Adapter (rev 12) lshw -c network output *-network descripción: Ethernet interface producto: 88E8057 PCI-E Gigabit Ethernet Controller fabricante: Marvell Technology Group Ltd. id físico: 0 información del bus: pci@0000:02:00.0 nombre lógico: eth0 versión: 10 serie: 00:24:be:83:b2:4f tamaño: 100Mbit/s capacidad: 1Gbit/s anchura: 64 bits reloj: 33MHz capacidades: pm msi pciexpress bus_master cap_list rom ethernet physical tp 10bt 10bt-fd 100bt 100bt-fd 1000bt 1000bt-fd autonegotiation configuración: autonegotiation=on broadcast=yes driver=sky2 driverversion=1.30 duplex=full ip=192.168.1.123 latency=0 link=yes multicast=yes port=twisted pair speed=100Mbit/s recursos: irq:45 memoria:d3520000-d3523fff ioport:c000(size=256) memoria:d3500000-d351ffff *-network DESACTIVADO descripción: Interfaz inalámbrica producto: AR928X Wireless Network Adapter (PCI-Express) fabricante: Atheros Communications Inc. id físico: 0 información del bus: pci@0000:03:00.0 nombre lógico: wlan0 versión: 01 serie: 2c:81:58:e6:b6:03 anchura: 64 bits reloj: 33MHz capacidades: pm msi pciexpress msix bus_master cap_list ethernet physical wireless configuración: broadcast=yes driver=ath9k driverversion=3.5.0-18-generic firmware=N/A latency=0 link=no multicast=yes wireless=IEEE 802.11bgn recursos: irq:17 memoria:d2100000-d210ffff rfkill list all output 0: phy0: Wireless LAN Soft blocked: yes Hard blocked: yes 1: sony-wifi: Wireless LAN Soft blocked: yes Hard blocked: no

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Delivering the Integrated Portal Experience!

- by Michael Snow

v\:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);} o\:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);} w\:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);} .shape {behavior:url(#default#VML);} Guest post by Richard Maldonado, Principal Product Manager, Oracle WebCenter Portal Organizations are still struggling to standardize on a user interaction platform which can meet the needs of all their target audiences. This has not only resulted in inefficient and inconsistent experiences for their users, but it also creates inefficiencies (productivity and costs) for the departments that manage the applications and information systems. Portals have historically been the unifying platform that provide IT with a common interface which can securely surface the most relevant interactions for a given user and/or group of users. However, organizations have found that the technologies available have either not provided the flexibility necessary to address all of their use cases, or they rely too much on IT resources to manage, maintain, and evolve. Empowering the Business Groups The core issue that IT departments face with delivering portal experiences is having enough resources to respond and address the influx of requirements which come in from the business. Commonly, when a business group wants a new portal site established for their group, they will submit a request to the IT dept, the IT dept then assigns a resource to an administrator and/or developer to build. Unfortunately, this approach is not scalable, it can be a time consuming activity which requires significant interaction between the business owner and the IT resource. A modern user interaction platforms should empower the business groups by providing them tools which they can use to build and manage the portal experiences without the need for IT's involvement. And because business groups rarely have technical resources (developers) on staff, the tools must be easy enough that virtually any business user could use. In addition, the tool must be powerful enough to allow them to build the experience that they need, things such as creating a whole new portal, add/manage page and page hierarchy, manage user/group access, add/modify components within the page, etc. This balance between ease-of-use and flexibility is key to the successful adoption of tools which will ultimately reduce the burden on IT, respond to the needs of the business, and deliver high-value experiences for the users. Ready or Not, Here They Come: Smartphones and Tablets Recently, several studies have highlighted that smartphone and tablet-style devices have overtaken PC's in both sales and usage. This shift is further driving organizations to revaluate how they're delivering data, information, and applications to their users. Users are expecting to get the same level of access and interaction, but in a ways which are optimized for the capabilities of the device that they are using. Expect More With the ever growing number of new IT projects and flat/shrinking budgets, organizations are looking for comprehensive solutions which can deliver integrated web experiences that are tailored for the users and optimized for mobile devices. Piecing together a number of point solutions is no longer an option. A modern portal technology should not only address the traditional needs of integrating and surfacing back-end applications/information, but it should enable the business through easy-to-use tools and accelerate the delivery of mobile optimized experiences. v\:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);} o\:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);} w\:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);} .shape {behavior:url(#default#VML);} 12.00 Normal 0 false false false EN-US X-NONE X-NONE /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Table Normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-qformat:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0in; mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";} 12.00 Normal 0 false false false EN-US X-NONE X-NONE /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Table Normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-qformat:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; mso-para-margin-top:0in; mso-para-margin-right:0in; mso-para-margin-bottom:10.0pt; mso-para-margin-left:0in; line-height:115%; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii- mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-hansi- mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;} WebCenter in Action Series: Qualcomm Provides a Seamless Experience for Customers with Oracle WebCenter Featuring Qualcomm & Keste 12.00 Normal 0 false false false EN-US X-NONE X-NONE MicrosoftInternetExplorer4 -"/ /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Table Normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-qformat:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0in; mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family:Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;} 12.00 Normal 0 false false false false EN-US X-NONE X-NONE /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Table Normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-qformat:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; mso-para-margin-top:0in; mso-para-margin-right:0in; mso-para-margin-bottom:10.0pt; mso-para-margin-left:0in; line-height:115%; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-fareast- mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";}

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PHP GD Text Transparency..

- by Deagle

Hello, I can't slove this. I'm trying to make a text transparency but doesn't work.. Here how it looks: qshort.com/userbar/gd.php Here how if possible to show with transparency: qshort.com/userbar/transparent.png Is that possible? Here my PHP Code: <?php header('Content-type: image/png'); $im = imagecreatefrompng("signature.png"); $white = imagecolorallocate($im, 255, 255, 255); $grey = imagecolorallocate($im, 114, 114, 114); $black = imagecolorallocate($im, 0, 0, 0); $tr = imagecolorallocatealpha($im, 255, 255, 255, 20); $trg = imagecolorallocatealpha($im, 114, 114, 114, 50); $font = 'TCCB.TTF'; $mtext="Money: $0"; $mx="261"; $my="80"; $ms="16"; imagettftext($im, $ms, 0, $mx+1, $my, $grey, $font, $mtext); imagettftext($im, $ms, 0, $mx-1, $my, $grey, $font, $mtext); imagettftext($im, $ms, 0, $mx, $my+1, $grey, $font, $mtext); imagettftext($im, $ms, 0, $mx, $my-1, $grey, $font, $mtext); imagettftext($im, $ms, 0, $mx, $my, $white, $font, $mtext); $atext="Score: 0"; $ax="261"; $ay="100"; $as="16"; imagettftext($im, $as, 0, $ax+1, $ay, $grey, $font, $atext); imagettftext($im, $as, 0, $ax-1, $ay, $grey, $font, $atext); imagettftext($im, $as, 0, $ax, $ay+1, $grey, $font, $atext); imagettftext($im, $as, 0, $ax, $ay-1, $grey, $font, $atext); imagettftext($im, $as, 0, $ax, $ay, $white, $font, $atext); $ctext="Properties: 0"; $cx="261"; $cy="120"; $cs="16"; imagettftext($im, $cs, 0, $cx+1, $cy, $grey, $font, $ctext); imagettftext($im, $cs, 0, $cx-1, $cy, $grey, $font, $ctext); imagettftext($im, $cs, 0, $cx, $cy+1, $grey, $font, $ctext); imagettftext($im, $cs, 0, $cx, $cy-1, $grey, $font, $ctext); imagettftext($im, $cs, 0, $cx, $cy, $white, $font, $ctext); $ntext="Nickname"; $nx="20"; $ny="45"; $ns="35"; imagettftext($im, $ns, 0, $nx+1, $ny, $trg, $font, $ntext); imagettftext($im, $ns, 0, $nx-1, $ny, $trg, $font, $ntext); imagettftext($im, $ns, 0, $nx, $ny+1, $trg, $font, $ntext); imagettftext($im, $ns, 0, $nx, $ny-1, $trg, $font, $ntext); imagettftext($im, $ns, 0, $nx, $ny, $tr, $font, $ntext); imagepng($im); imagedestroy($im); ?> Thanks, Waiting for answer.

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Group multiple media queries formed as output of LESS css

- by Goje87

I was planning to use LESS css in my project (PHP). I am planning to use its nested @media query feature. I find that it fails to group the multiple media queries in the output css it generates. For example: // LESS .header { @media all and (min-width: 240px) and (max-width: 319px) { font-size: 12px; } @media all and (min-width: 320px) and (max-width: 479px) { font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; } } .body { @media all and (min-width: 240px) and (max-width: 319px) { font-size: 10px; } @media all and (min-width: 320px) and (max-width: 479px) { font-size: 12px; } } // output CSS @media all and (min-width: 240px) and (max-width: 319px) { .header { font-size: 12px; } } @media all and (min-width: 320px) and (max-width: 479px) { .header { font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; } } @media all and (min-width: 240px) and (max-width: 319px) { .body { font-size: 10px; } } @media all and (min-width: 320px) and (max-width: 479px) { .body { font-size: 12px; } } My expected output is (@media queries grouped) @media all and (min-width: 240px) and (max-width: 319px) { .header { font-size: 12px; } .body { font-size: 10px; } } @media all and (min-width: 320px) and (max-width: 479px) { .header { font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; } .body { font-size: 12px; } } I would like to know if it can be done in LESS it self or is there any simple CSS parser I can use to manipulate the output CSS to group the @media queries.

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