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  • Python and sqlite3 - importing and exporting databases

    - by JPC
    I'm trying to write a script to import a database file. I wrote the script to export the file like so: import sqlite3 con = sqlite3.connect('../sqlite.db') with open('../dump.sql', 'w') as f: for line in con.iterdump(): f.write('%s\n' % line) Now I want to be able to import that database. I tried: import sqlite3 con = sqlite3.connect('../sqlite.db') f = open('../dump.sql','r') str = f.read() con.execute(str) but I'm not allowed to execute more than one statement. Is there a way to get it to run a .sql script directly?

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  • Java, how to trace functions called

    - by user435657
    Hi all, I want to trace the beginning [& ending] of functions called in Java, like the following code: public void foo() { System.out.println("begin of foo()"); ... System.out.println("e-n-d of foo()"); } But maintaining of the dump code System.out.println is something tedious and error-prone, for there may be tens of thounds of function in an class. Any good idea can ease this work? I don't want dump statements all over the file. Implementation of both or one of the beginning & ending traces is perferd. But, if impossible, recordings of that the function has been called is also helpful. I mean not care the exact beginnig and ending, just tell that the function has been called.

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  • How to diagnose, and reverse (not prevent) Unicode mangling

    - by Steve Bennett
    Somewhere upstream of me, "something" happened that looks like unicode mangling. One symptom is that a lowercase u umlaut (ü) gets converted to "ü" (ie, character FC gets converted to C3 BC). Assuming that I have no control over this upstream process, how can I reverse-engineer what's going on? And if that is possible, can I crank the sausage machine backwards and get the original text back? (If it helps to understand this case, the text I received was in the form of a MySQL dump. I think somwewhere in the dump/transport process it got mangled.)

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  • Trouble Getting a Locally Hosted Copy of the English Language Wiktionary to include the Translations Sections

    - by user1436026
    I used MWDumper - http://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Mwdumper - to import the xml dump of the English Language Wiktionary (specifically the file named enwiktionary-20120930-pages-meta-current.xml,) to my local server. I have found that under the Translations section (on each page for each English word,) next to the name of each language where I should be able to see the definition in a foreign language, I instead see Template:Tø, Template:T+, or Template:T- and I am not sure why this is. As an experiment, I also used WikiTaxi - http://www.yunqa.de/delphi/doku.php/products/wikitaxi/index - with the exact same XML dump and did not have this problem when viewing under WikiTaxi.exe. I have been searching through mediawiki.org looking for the answer, but have so far not been successful. I appreciate your help

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  • Visual Studio 2010 debug minidump

    - by Snake
    Hi all, Consider the following code (written with Visual Studio 2010 and .NET 4.0) using System; namespace DumpTester { class Program { static void Main(string[] args) { int test = new Random().Next(); Console.WriteLine(test + new Random().Next()); Test(); } private static void Test() { throw new Exception(); } } } When running outside of Visual Studio you get this nice window of Microsoft Windows 7 that it is looking for a solution. Obviously, since this is my app, there is none. At that point I create a full dump file of my application with for example Process Explorer. I then open that dmp file from its location and try to debug. But whatever I try, it can't find the location of the source symbols. I tried putting the pdb next to the dump but it just doesn't find it. What am I doing wrong?

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  • Is there a database with git-like qualities?

    - by Mat
    I'm looking for a database where multiple users can contribute and commit new data; other users can then pull that data into their own database repository, all in a git-like manner. A transcriptional database, if you like; does such a thing exist? My current thinking is to dump the database to a single file as SQL, but that could well get unwieldy once it is of any size. Another option is to dump the database and use the filesystem, but again it gets unwieldy once of any size.

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  • exclude private property from print_r or object?

    - by Hailwood
    Basically I am using Code Igniter, and the Code Igniter base class is huge, when I print_r some of my objects they have the base class embedded inside them. this makes it a pain to get the information I actually wanted (the rest of the properties). So, I am wondering if there is a way I can hide, or remove the base class object? I have tried clone $object; unset($object->ci); print_r($object); but of course the ci property is private. the actual function I am using for dumping is: /** * Outputs the given variables with formatting and location. Huge props * out to Phil Sturgeon for this one (http://philsturgeon.co.uk/blog/2010/09/power-dump-php-applications). * To use, pass in any number of variables as arguments. * Optional pass in "true" as final argument to kill script after dump * * @return void */ function dump() { list($callee) = debug_backtrace(); $arguments = func_get_args(); $total_arguments = count($arguments); if (end($arguments) === true) $total_arguments--; echo '<fieldset style="background: #fefefe !important; border:2px red solid; padding:5px">'; echo '<legend style="background:lightgrey; padding:5px;">' . $callee['file'] . ' @ line: ' . $callee['line'] . '</legend><pre>'; $i = 0; foreach ($arguments as $argument) { //if the last argument is true we don't want to display it. if ($i == ($total_arguments) && $argument === true) break; echo '<br/><strong>Debug #' . (++$i) . ' of ' . $total_arguments . '</strong>: '; if ((is_array($argument) || is_object($argument)) && count($argument)) { print_r($argument); } else { var_dump($argument); } } echo '</pre>' . PHP_EOL; echo '</fieldset>' . PHP_EOL; //if the very last argument is "true" then die if (end($arguments) === true) die('Killing Script'); }

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  • What's causing "Unable to retrieve native address from ByteBuffer object"?

    - by r0u1i
    As a very novice Java programmer, I probably should not mess with that kind of things. Unfortunately, I'm using a library which have a method that accepts a ByteBuffer object and throws when I try to use it: Exception in thread "main" java.lang.NullPointerException: Unable to retrieve native address from ByteBuffer object Is it because I'm not using a non-direct buffer? edit: There's not a lot of my code there. The library I'm using is jNetPcap, and I'm trying to dump a packet to file. My code takes an existing packet, and extract a ByteBuffer out of it: byte[] bytes = m_packet.getByteArray(0, m_packet.size()); ByteBuffer buffer = ByteBuffer.wrap(bytes); Then it calls on of the dump methods of jNetPcap that takes a ByteBuffer.

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  • input URL, output contents of "view page source", i.e. after javascript / etc, library or command-li

    - by Ryan Berckmans
    I need a scalable, automated, method of dumping the contents of "view page source" (DOM) to a file. Programs such as wget or curl will non-interactively retrieve a set of URLs, but do not execute javascript or any of that 'fancy stuff'. My ideal solution looks like any of the following (fantasy solutions): cat urls.txt | google-chrome --quiet --no-gui \ --output-sources-directory=~/urls-source (fantasy command line, no idea if flags like these exist) or cat urls.txt | python -c "import some-library; \ ... use some-library to process urls.txt ; output sources to ~/urls-source" As a secondary concern, I also need: dump all included javascript source to file (a la firebug) dump pdf/image of page to file (print to file)

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  • Creating an Application to Save Arbitrary Application State

    - by ashes999
    See this SuperUser question. To summarize, VM software lets you save state of arbitrary applications (by saving the whole VM image). Would it be possible to write some software for Windows that allows you to save and reload arbitrary application state? If so (and presumably so), what would it entail? I would be looking to implement this, if possible, in a high-level language like C#. I presume if I used something else, I would need to dump memory registers (or maybe dump the entire application memory block) to a file somewhere and load it back somewhere to refresh state. So how do I build this thing?

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  • Performance of Serialized Objects in C++

    - by jm1234567890
    Hi Everyone, I'm wondering if there is a fast way to dump an STL set to disk and then read it back later. The internal structure of a set is a binary tree, so if I serialize it naively, when I read it back the program will have to go though the process of inserting each element again. I think this is slow even if it is read back in correct order, correct me if I am wrong. Is there a way to "dump" the memory containing the set into disk and then read it back later? That is, keep everything in binary format, thus avoiding the re-insertion. Do the boost serialization tools do this? Thanks! EDIT: oh I should probably read, http://www.parashift.com/c++-faq-lite/serialization.html I will read it now... no it doesn't really help

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  • XMLHttpRequest.status always returning 0

    - by Michael
    html <a href="#" onclick="MyObj.startup()">click me</a> js code var MyObj = { startup : function() { var ajax = null; ajax = new XMLHttpRequest(); ajax.open('GET', 'http://www.nasa.gov', true); ajax.onreadystatechange = function(evt) { if(ajax.readyState == 4) { if (ajax.status == 200) { window.dump(":)\n"); } else { window.dump(":(\n"); } } } ajax.send(null); } } ajax.status always returning 0, no matter which site it is, no matter what is the actual return code. I say actual, because ajax.statusText returning correct value, eg OK or Redirecting... ajax.readyState also returns proper values and 4 at the end.

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  • Sort Array in PHP

    - by DonCroce
    I have a script which gets some values from a DB. The structure of the vars is as the following: $dump["likes"] = 1234; $likes["data"][$i]["name"] = "ABCDEFG"; for($i=0;$i<=$max;$i++){ $data[$i]["likes"] = $dump["likes"]; $data[$i]["name"] = $likes["data"][$i]["name"]; } //Print Here Sorted array (highest value in "like" first) I just need a way to find out in which entry the biggest "likes" are :) So far i have tried array_multisort, but it showed me "inconsistent size" or some error... Thanks for all your help!

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  • PC: Quick Freeze, then BSOD, then forced reboot, then freezes again

    - by cr0z3r
    Lately I have been experiencing a weird issue. My PC will hang for a second and then BSOD - it stays there, so I have to reboot. Once Windows starts again and I'm logged in, after 1-10min it freezes again, this time without BSOD. RECAP: 1 second freeze BSOD, hangs there I have to force-reboot Once PC rebooted, I log back into Windows second freeze between a 1-10min range, no BSOD (alternatively, I get a freeze with a constant sound/noise, no BSOD) I contacted my PC provider, who told me my graphics-card might be flawed (Quadro 4000), so I used a Quadro 2000 that they lend me. The issue still occurred. The issue now seemed to belong to a flawed RAM module. Following my provider's steps, I removed all but the first from the left column and kept using my PC for a week or so without any issues. I then added the bottom-right module, and so on, until all modules were back inside - I had no problems. Now it seemed that a simple take-out-put-back-in of the RAM modules had fixed the issue. However, after a few months, the issue was back. I redid all the RAM-swapping I had done before, and concluded that the lower-right module was flawed. My provider changed it for another, and everything was great until now. My PC froze again for barely a second, hanged on a BSOD, I rebooted it, logged-in to Windows to get a freeze (without BSOD or reboot) 40 seconds later. Something worth noting, is that every time I reboot after the BSOD, it is something within Chrome that freezes my PC (e.g. this time I clicked the "restore" button as Chrome mentioned it had exited unexpectedly - from the previous freeze obviously - and it instantly froze). Finally, the Event Viewer lists 2 critical events in the past hour as "ID: 41, Type: Kernel-Power". PC-Specs: http://i.imgur.com/VZpbr.jpg Previous Dump-files: https://dl.dropbox.com/u/716600/DumpFiles_08_2012.zip I would like to thank anybody in advance for your help. You're great. UPDATE 1: I realized that I did not mention an awkward fact about this issue. After I have gotten the 1-sec freeze followed by a BSOD, after I rebooted because the BSOD hanged, and after I logged back in to get another (this time, eternal) freeze and rebooted once again, the PC does not boot back up. The power-light is on, but my monitor says "no signal", as if the PC wouldn't really be turned on. This truly seems a like a power-related issue, doesn't it? UPDATE 2: I just got a freeze, but without BSOD. My screen froze (while on Chrome, which is starting to seem suspicious to me) with an ongoing sound/noise. I had to force-reboot my PC. I would say this is a graphics-card issue, but this issue also happened when I was using the Quadro 2000 from my provider. UPDATE 3: I just got a BSOD while trying to render something (quite heavy, actually) in 3ds Max 2012. I left the BSOD "running", as it said it was writing dump files to disk. However, the percentage number stayed at 0, so after 15 minutes I force-rebooted. I then used the software WhoCrashed (thank you Dave) which reported the following from the C:\Windows\Memory.dmp file: On Thu 22.11.2012 22:13:45 GMT your computer crashed crash dump file: C:\Windows\memory.dmp uptime: 01:05:27 This was probably caused by the following module: Unknown () Bugcheck code: 0x124 (0x0, 0xFFFFFA80275AC028, 0xF200001F, 0x100B2) Error: WHEA_UNCORRECTABLE_ERROR Bug check description: This bug check indicates that a fatal hardware error has occurred. This bug check uses the error data that is provided by the Windows Hardware Error Architecture (WHEA). This is likely to be caused by a hardware problem problem. This problem might be caused by a thermal issue. A third party driver was identified as the probable root cause of this system error. It is suggested you look for an update for the following driver: Unknown . Google query: Unknown WHEA_UNCORRECTABLE_ERROR

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  • MXMLC Ant task results in java.lang.OutOFMemoryError

    - by Mims H. Wright
    I'm making a change to a set of code for a Flex project that I didn't write and was set up to compile using ant tasks. I assume that the codebase was stable at the last checkin but I'm running into memory issues when trying to build a project using MXMLC and ant (see stack trace below). Before, I was just getting an out of memory error. I tried using a different machine and got this more verbose exception (including problems with the image fetcher). I've tried using various versions of the SDK, I've tried replacing the <mxmlc> tag with <exec executable="mxmlc"> with no luck. Here is my java version in case that has anything to do with it: » java -version java version "1.6.0_20" Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.6.0_20-b02-279-10M3065) Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 16.3-b01-279, mixed mode) Any help would be appreciated. Thanks! Buildfile: build.xml compileSWF: [echo] Compiling main.swf... [mxmlc] Loading configuration file /Applications/Adobe Flash Builder 4 Plug-in/sdks/4.0.0beta2/frameworks/flex-config.xml [mxmlc] Exception in thread "Image Fetcher 0" java.lang.OutOfMemoryError: Java heap space [mxmlc] at java.awt.image.PixelGrabber.setDimensions(PixelGrabber.java:360) [mxmlc] at sun.awt.image.ImageDecoder.setDimensions(ImageDecoder.java:62) [mxmlc] at sun.awt.image.JPEGImageDecoder.sendHeaderInfo(JPEGImageDecoder.java:71) [mxmlc] at sun.awt.image.JPEGImageDecoder.readImage(Native Method) [mxmlc] at sun.awt.image.JPEGImageDecoder.produceImage(JPEGImageDecoder.java:119) [mxmlc] at sun.awt.image.InputStreamImageSource.doFetch(InputStreamImageSource.java:246) [mxmlc] at sun.awt.image.ImageFetcher.fetchloop(ImageFetcher.java:172) [mxmlc] at sun.awt.image.ImageFetcher.run(ImageFetcher.java:136) [mxmlc] /src/com/amtrak/components/map/MapAsset.mxml: Error: exception during transcoding: Failed to grab pixels for image /src/assets/embed_assets/images/zoomed_map_wide.jpg [mxmlc] [mxmlc] /src/com/amtrak/components/map/MapAsset.mxml: Error: Unable to transcode /assets/embed_assets/images/zoomed_map_wide.jpg. [mxmlc] [mxmlc] Error: Java heap space [mxmlc] [mxmlc] java.lang.OutOfMemoryError: Java heap space [mxmlc] at java.util.ArrayList.<init>(ArrayList.java:112) [mxmlc] at macromedia.asc.util.ObjectList.<init>(ObjectList.java:30) [mxmlc] at macromedia.asc.parser.ArgumentListNode.<init>(ArgumentListNode.java:30) [mxmlc] at macromedia.asc.parser.NodeFactory.argumentList(NodeFactory.java:116) [mxmlc] at macromedia.asc.parser.NodeFactory.argumentList(NodeFactory.java:97) [mxmlc] at flex2.compiler.mxml.ImplementationGenerator.generateBinding(ImplementationGenerator.java:563) [mxmlc] at flex2.compiler.mxml.ImplementationGenerator.generateBindingsSetupFunction(ImplementationGenerator.java:864) [mxmlc] at flex2.compiler.mxml.ImplementationGenerator.generateBindingsSetup(ImplementationGenerator.java:813) [mxmlc] at flex2.compiler.mxml.ImplementationGenerator.generateInitializerSupportDefs(ImplementationGenerator.java:1813) [mxmlc] at flex2.compiler.mxml.ImplementationGenerator.generateClassDefinition(ImplementationGenerator.java:1005) [mxmlc] at flex2.compiler.mxml.ImplementationGenerator.<init>(ImplementationGenerator.java:201) [mxmlc] at flex2.compiler.mxml.ImplementationCompiler.generateImplementationAST(ImplementationCompiler.java:498) [mxmlc] at flex2.compiler.mxml.ImplementationCompiler.parse1(ImplementationCompiler.java:196) [mxmlc] at flex2.compiler.mxml.MxmlCompiler.parse1(MxmlCompiler.java:168) [mxmlc] at flex2.compiler.CompilerAPI.parse1(CompilerAPI.java:2851) [mxmlc] at flex2.compiler.CompilerAPI.parse1(CompilerAPI.java:2804) [mxmlc] at flex2.compiler.CompilerAPI.batch2(CompilerAPI.java:446) [mxmlc] at flex2.compiler.CompilerAPI.batch(CompilerAPI.java:1274) [mxmlc] at flex2.compiler.CompilerAPI.compile(CompilerAPI.java:1488) [mxmlc] at flex2.compiler.CompilerAPI.compile(CompilerAPI.java:1375) [mxmlc] at flex2.tools.Mxmlc.mxmlc(Mxmlc.java:282) [mxmlc] at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) [mxmlc] at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:39) [mxmlc] at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25) [mxmlc] at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:597) [mxmlc] at flex.ant.FlexTask.executeInProcess(FlexTask.java:280) [mxmlc] at flex.ant.FlexTask.execute(FlexTask.java:225) [mxmlc] at org.apache.tools.ant.UnknownElement.execute(UnknownElement.java:288) [mxmlc] at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) [mxmlc] at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:39) [mxmlc] at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25) [mxmlc] at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:597) BUILD FAILED /src/build.xml:49: mxmlc task failed

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  • Have suggestions for these assembly mnemonics?

    - by Noctis Skytower
    Greetings! Last semester in college, my teacher in the Computer Languages class taught us the esoteric language named Whitespace. In the interest of learning the language better with a very busy schedule (midterms), I wrote an interpreter and assembler in Python. An assembly language was designed to facilitate writing programs easily, and a sample program was written with the given assembly mnemonics. Now that it is summer, a new project has begun with the objective being to rewrite the interpreter and assembler for Whitespace 0.3, with further developments coming afterwards. Since there is so much extra time than before to work on its design, you are presented here with an outline that provides a revised set of mnemonics for the assembly language. This post is marked as a wiki for their discussion. Have you ever had any experience with assembly languages in the past? Were there some instructions that you thought should have been renamed to something different? Did you find yourself thinking outside the box and with a different paradigm than in which the mnemonics were named? If you can answer yes to any of those questions, you are most welcome here. Subjective answers are appreciated! Stack Manipulation (IMP: [Space]) Stack manipulation is one of the more common operations, hence the shortness of the IMP [Space]. There are four stack instructions. hold N Push the number onto the stack copy Duplicate the top item on the stack copy N Copy the nth item on the stack (given by the argument) onto the top of the stack swap Swap the top two items on the stack drop Discard the top item on the stack drop N Slide n items off the stack, keeping the top item Arithmetic (IMP: [Tab][Space]) Arithmetic commands operate on the top two items on the stack, and replace them with the result of the operation. The first item pushed is considered to be left of the operator. add Addition sub Subtraction mul Multiplication div Integer Division mod Modulo Heap Access (IMP: [Tab][Tab]) Heap access commands look at the stack to find the address of items to be stored or retrieved. To store an item, push the address then the value and run the store command. To retrieve an item, push the address and run the retrieve command, which will place the value stored in the location at the top of the stack. save Store load Retrieve Flow Control (IMP: [LF]) Flow control operations are also common. Subroutines are marked by labels, as well as the targets of conditional and unconditional jumps, by which loops can be implemented. Programs must be ended by means of [LF][LF][LF] so that the interpreter can exit cleanly. L: Mark a location in the program call L Call a subroutine goto L Jump unconditionally to a label if=0 L Jump to a label if the top of the stack is zero if<0 L Jump to a label if the top of the stack is negative return End a subroutine and transfer control back to the caller halt End the program I/O (IMP: [Tab][LF]) Finally, we need to be able to interact with the user. There are IO instructions for reading and writing numbers and individual characters. With these, string manipulation routines can be written. The read instructions take the heap address in which to store the result from the top of the stack. print chr Output the character at the top of the stack print int Output the number at the top of the stack input chr Read a character and place it in the location given by the top of the stack input int Read a number and place it in the location given by the top of the stack Question: How would you redesign, rewrite, or rename the previous mnemonics and for what reasons?

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  • Are their any suggestions for this new assembly language?

    - by Noctis Skytower
    Greetings! Last semester in college, my teacher in the Computer Languages class taught us the esoteric language named Whitespace. In the interest of learning the language better with a very busy schedule (midterms), I wrote an interpreter and assembler in Python. An assembly language was designed to facilitate writing programs easily, and a sample program was written with the given assembly mnemonics. Now that it is summer, a new project has begun with the objective being to rewrite the interpreter and assembler for Whitespace 0.3, with further developments coming afterwards. Since there is so much extra time than before to work on its design, you are presented here with an outline that provides a revised set of mnemonics for the assembly language. This post is marked as a wiki for their discussion. Have you ever had any experience with assembly languages in the past? Were there some instructions that you thought should have been renamed to something different? Did you find yourself thinking outside the box and with a different paradigm than in which the mnemonics were named? If you can answer yes to any of those questions, you are most welcome here. Subjective answers are appreciated! Stack Manipulation (IMP: [Space]) Stack manipulation is one of the more common operations, hence the shortness of the IMP [Space]. There are four stack instructions. hold N Push the number onto the stack copy Duplicate the top item on the stack copy N Copy the nth item on the stack (given by the argument) onto the top of the stack swap Swap the top two items on the stack drop Discard the top item on the stack drop N Slide n items off the stack, keeping the top item Arithmetic (IMP: [Tab][Space]) Arithmetic commands operate on the top two items on the stack, and replace them with the result of the operation. The first item pushed is considered to be left of the operator. add Addition sub Subtraction mul Multiplication div Integer Division mod Modulo Heap Access (IMP: [Tab][Tab]) Heap access commands look at the stack to find the address of items to be stored or retrieved. To store an item, push the address then the value and run the store command. To retrieve an item, push the address and run the retrieve command, which will place the value stored in the location at the top of the stack. save Store load Retrieve Flow Control (IMP: [LF]) Flow control operations are also common. Subroutines are marked by labels, as well as the targets of conditional and unconditional jumps, by which loops can be implemented. Programs must be ended by means of [LF][LF][LF] so that the interpreter can exit cleanly. L: Mark a location in the program call L Call a subroutine goto L Jump unconditionally to a label if=0 L Jump to a label if the top of the stack is zero if<0 L Jump to a label if the top of the stack is negative return End a subroutine and transfer control back to the caller exit End the program I/O (IMP: [Tab][LF]) Finally, we need to be able to interact with the user. There are IO instructions for reading and writing numbers and individual characters. With these, string manipulation routines can be written. The read instructions take the heap address in which to store the result from the top of the stack. print chr Output the character at the top of the stack print int Output the number at the top of the stack input chr Read a character and place it in the location given by the top of the stack input int Read a number and place it in the location given by the top of the stack Question: How would you redesign, rewrite, or rename the previous mnemonics and for what reasons?

    Read the article

  • Are there any suggestions for these new assembly mnemonics?

    - by Noctis Skytower
    Greetings! Last semester in college, my teacher in the Computer Languages class taught us the esoteric language named Whitespace. In the interest of learning the language better with a very busy schedule (midterms), I wrote an interpreter and assembler in Python. An assembly language was designed to facilitate writing programs easily, and a sample program was written with the given assembly mnemonics. Now that it is summer, a new project has begun with the objective being to rewrite the interpreter and assembler for Whitespace 0.3, with further developments coming afterwards. Since there is so much extra time than before to work on its design, you are presented here with an outline that provides a revised set of mnemonics for the assembly language. This post is marked as a wiki for their discussion. Have you ever had any experience with assembly languages in the past? Were there some instructions that you thought should have been renamed to something different? Did you find yourself thinking outside the box and with a different paradigm than in which the mnemonics were named? If you can answer yes to any of those questions, you are most welcome here. Subjective answers are appreciated! Stack Manipulation (IMP: [Space]) Stack manipulation is one of the more common operations, hence the shortness of the IMP [Space]. There are four stack instructions. hold N Push the number onto the stack copy Duplicate the top item on the stack copy N Copy the nth item on the stack (given by the argument) onto the top of the stack swap Swap the top two items on the stack drop Discard the top item on the stack drop N Slide n items off the stack, keeping the top item Arithmetic (IMP: [Tab][Space]) Arithmetic commands operate on the top two items on the stack, and replace them with the result of the operation. The first item pushed is considered to be left of the operator. add Addition sub Subtraction mul Multiplication div Integer Division mod Modulo Heap Access (IMP: [Tab][Tab]) Heap access commands look at the stack to find the address of items to be stored or retrieved. To store an item, push the address then the value and run the store command. To retrieve an item, push the address and run the retrieve command, which will place the value stored in the location at the top of the stack. save Store load Retrieve Flow Control (IMP: [LF]) Flow control operations are also common. Subroutines are marked by labels, as well as the targets of conditional and unconditional jumps, by which loops can be implemented. Programs must be ended by means of [LF][LF][LF] so that the interpreter can exit cleanly. L: Mark a location in the program call L Call a subroutine goto L Jump unconditionally to a label if=0 L Jump to a label if the top of the stack is zero if<0 L Jump to a label if the top of the stack is negative return End a subroutine and transfer control back to the caller halt End the program I/O (IMP: [Tab][LF]) Finally, we need to be able to interact with the user. There are IO instructions for reading and writing numbers and individual characters. With these, string manipulation routines can be written. The read instructions take the heap address in which to store the result from the top of the stack. print chr Output the character at the top of the stack print int Output the number at the top of the stack input chr Read a character and place it in the location given by the top of the stack input int Read a number and place it in the location given by the top of the stack Question: How would you redesign, rewrite, or rename the previous mnemonics and for what reasons?

    Read the article

  • Do you have suggestions for these assembly mnemonics?

    - by Noctis Skytower
    Greetings! Last semester in college, my teacher in the Computer Languages class taught us the esoteric language named Whitespace. In the interest of learning the language better with a very busy schedule (midterms), I wrote an interpreter and assembler in Python. An assembly language was designed to facilitate writing programs easily, and a sample program was written with the given assembly mnemonics. Now that it is summer, a new project has begun with the objective being to rewrite the interpreter and assembler for Whitespace 0.3, with further developments coming afterwards. Since there is so much extra time than before to work on its design, you are presented here with an outline that provides a revised set of mnemonics for the assembly language. This post is marked as a wiki for their discussion. Have you ever had any experience with assembly languages in the past? Were there some instructions that you thought should have been renamed to something different? Did you find yourself thinking outside the box and with a different paradigm than in which the mnemonics were named? If you can answer yes to any of those questions, you are most welcome here. Subjective answers are appreciated! Stack Manipulation (IMP: [Space]) Stack manipulation is one of the more common operations, hence the shortness of the IMP [Space]. There are four stack instructions. hold N Push the number onto the stack copy Duplicate the top item on the stack copy N Copy the nth item on the stack (given by the argument) onto the top of the stack swap Swap the top two items on the stack drop Discard the top item on the stack drop N Slide n items off the stack, keeping the top item Arithmetic (IMP: [Tab][Space]) Arithmetic commands operate on the top two items on the stack, and replace them with the result of the operation. The first item pushed is considered to be left of the operator. add Addition sub Subtraction mul Multiplication div Integer Division mod Modulo Heap Access (IMP: [Tab][Tab]) Heap access commands look at the stack to find the address of items to be stored or retrieved. To store an item, push the address then the value and run the store command. To retrieve an item, push the address and run the retrieve command, which will place the value stored in the location at the top of the stack. save Store load Retrieve Flow Control (IMP: [LF]) Flow control operations are also common. Subroutines are marked by labels, as well as the targets of conditional and unconditional jumps, by which loops can be implemented. Programs must be ended by means of [LF][LF][LF] so that the interpreter can exit cleanly. L: Mark a location in the program call L Call a subroutine goto L Jump unconditionally to a label if=0 L Jump to a label if the top of the stack is zero if<0 L Jump to a label if the top of the stack is negative return End a subroutine and transfer control back to the caller halt End the program I/O (IMP: [Tab][LF]) Finally, we need to be able to interact with the user. There are IO instructions for reading and writing numbers and individual characters. With these, string manipulation routines can be written. The read instructions take the heap address in which to store the result from the top of the stack. print chr Output the character at the top of the stack print int Output the number at the top of the stack input chr Read a character and place it in the location given by the top of the stack input int Read a number and place it in the location given by the top of the stack Question: How would you redesign, rewrite, or rename the previous mnemonics and for what reasons?

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  • How to safely operate on parameters in threads, using C++ & Pthreads?

    - by ChrisCphDK
    Hi. I'm having some trouble with a program using pthreads, where occassional crashes occur, that could be related to how the threads operate on data So I have some basic questions about how to program using threads, and memory layout: Assume that a public class function performs some operations on some strings, and returns the result as a string. The prototype of the function could be like this: std::string SomeClass::somefunc(const std::string &strOne, const std::string &strTwo) { //Error checking of strings have been omitted std::string result = strOne.substr(0,5) + strTwo.substr(0,5); return result; } Is it correct to assume that strings, being dynamic, are stored on the heap, but that a reference to the string is allocated on the stack at runtime? Stack: [Some mem addr] pointer address to where the string is on the heap Heap: [Some mem addr] memory allocated for the initial string which may grow or shrink To make the function thread safe, the function is extended with the following mutex (which is declared as private in the "SomeClass") locking: std::string SomeClass::somefunc(const std::string &strOne, const std::string &strTwo) { pthread_mutex_lock(&someclasslock); //Error checking of strings have been omitted std::string result = strOne.substr(0,5) + strTwo.substr(0,5); pthread_mutex_unlock(&someclasslock); return result; } Is this a safe way of locking down the operations being done on the strings (all three), or could a thread be stopped by the scheduler in the following cases, which I'd assume would mess up the intended logic: a. Right after the function is called, and the parameters: strOne & strTwo have been set in the two reference pointers that the function has on the stack, the scheduler takes away processing time for the thread and lets a new thread in, which overwrites the reference pointers to the function, which then again gets stopped by the scheduler, letting the first thread back in? b. Can the same occur with the "result" string: the first string builds the result, unlocks the mutex, but before returning the scheduler lets in another thread which performs all of it's work, overwriting the result etc. Or are the reference parameters / result string being pushed onto the stack while another thread is doing performing it's task? Is the safe / correct way of doing this in threads, and "returning" a result, to pass a reference to a string that will be filled with the result instead: void SomeClass::somefunc(const std::string &strOne, const std::string &strTwo, std::string result) { pthread_mutex_lock(&someclasslock); //Error checking of strings have been omitted result = strOne.substr(0,5) + strTwo.substr(0,5); pthread_mutex_unlock(&someclasslock); } The intended logic is that several objects of the "SomeClass" class creates new threads and passes objects of themselves as parameters, and then calls the function: "someFunc": int SomeClass::startNewThread() { pthread_attr_t attr; pthread_t pThreadID; if(pthread_attr_init(&attr) != 0) return -1; if(pthread_attr_setdetachstate(&attr, PTHREAD_CREATE_DETACHED) != 0) return -2; if(pthread_create(&pThreadID, &attr, proxyThreadFunc, this) != 0) return -3; if(pthread_attr_destroy(&attr) != 0) return -4; return 0; } void* proxyThreadFunc(void* someClassObjPtr) { return static_cast<SomeClass*> (someClassObjPtr)->somefunc("long string","long string"); } Sorry for the long description. But I hope the questions and intended purpose is clear, if not let me know and I'll elaborate. Best regards. Chris

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  • From the Tips Box: Comics on the iPad, Android’s Power Bar, and Limiting Spotlight Search on the iPad

    - by Jason Fitzpatrick
    Once a week we dump out our tips box and share some of the great reader submitted tips with you. This week we’re looking at reading comic strips on the iPad, quick access via the Android Power Bar, and limiting the spotlight search on the iPad. Amazon’s New Kindle Fire Tablet: the How-To Geek Review HTG Explains: How Hackers Take Over Web Sites with SQL Injection / DDoS Use Your Android Phone to Comparison Shop: 4 Scanner Apps Reviewed

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  • Get more information about the crash

    - by Tito
    when i issue the command last in my terminal i see the following entries i.e. "crash" How can i find out more information about the crash: Is there any system dump file generated or a backtrace file that i can see or analyze. reboot system boot 3.2.0-32-generic Mon Nov 12 23:58 - 09:13 (09:14) tito pts/1 192.168.26.5 Mon Nov 12 23:56 - crash (00:01) tito pts/4 192.168.26.5 Mon Nov 12 22:46 - crash (01:12)

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  • Is Nick Clegg a man or a mouse?

    - by BizTalk Visionary
    Well we got the hung election so many of us wanted! I believe it really is time for electoral change. Why? Consider: the ConMen under Cameroon have polled 36% of the great British voting public – well those that got to vote!! That means 64% of us don’t want him as PM. So what gives him the right to govern? Well an ancient voting system ideal for two party politics. But for the last 30 years we’ve had multi-party politics and going forward we may see 4 or 5 parties stepping up. We have to set in place a system that makes this work! So what does that mean today: Nick has a golden chance to push forward the case and in fact the absolute right for the change. He needs to keep this in mind when he discusses coalition with both Labour and the ConMen. So the mouse approach: Decides it is only fair to side with the ‘biggest’ vote and team up with the ConMen. Chances of electoral change? Big fat zero. Chance of achieving any of his other targets. Big fat zero. Why? Simple (as the Meer Kat would say). Cameroon needs to become PM by hook or crook. Once PM he holds the whip hand. Labour will dump Brown and head off into Leadership race land, Clegg will be knocking on number 10, having meaningless meetings and seeing no reward. Finally while Labour is at 6‘s and 7’s  the ‘new’ PM will call a new election, gain the majority they need and dump luckless Nick!! So the man approach: Team up with Labour. As one of the conditions – Brown to go. Run referendum for PR. Get PR through then force Labour to have new election under PR. Nick now hero and should be in a much better place following a PR election!! The man bit is standing up to the media attack for supporting Labour. Come Nick – be a man for a better Britain!!

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  • Is Nick Clegg a man or a mouse?

    - by BizTalk Visionary
    Well we got the hung election so many of us wanted! I believe it really is time for electoral change. Why? Consider: the ConMen under Cameroon have polled 36% of the great British voting public – well those that got to vote!! That means 64% of us don’t want him as PM. So what gives him the right to govern? Well an ancient voting system ideal for two party politics. But for the last 30 years we’ve had multi-party politics and going forward we may see 4 or 5 parties stepping up. We have to set in place a system that makes this work! So what does that mean today: Nick has a golden chance to push forward the case and in fact the absolute right for the change. He needs to keep this in mind when he discusses coalition with both Labour and the ConMen. So the mouse approach: Decides it is only fair to side with the ‘biggest’ vote and team up with the ConMen. Chances of electoral change? Big fat zero. Chance of achieving any of his other targets. Big fat zero. Why? Simple (as the Meer Kat would say). Cameroon needs to become PM by hook or crook. Once PM he holds the whip hand. Labour will dump Brown and head off into Leadership race land, Glegg will be knocking on number 10, having meaningless meetings and seeing no reward. Finally while Labour is at 6‘s and 7’s  the ‘new’ PM will call a new election, gain the majority they need and dump luckless Nick!! So the man approach: Team up with Labour. As one of the conditions – Brown to go. Run referendum for PR. Get PR through then force Labour to have new election under PR. Nick now hero and should be in a much better place following a PR election!! The man bit is standing up to the media attack for supporting Labour. Come Nick – be a man for a better Britain!!

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