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• Providing high availability and failover using MySQL on EC2

  - by crb

  I would like to have a highly-available MySQL system, with automatic failover, running on Amazon EC2 instances. The standard approach to solving this is problem Heartbeat + DRBD, but I've found a lot of posts suggesting DRBD doesn't work on EC2, though none saying exactly why. Obviously, a serial heartbeat or distinct network is out of the question in the virtualised environment. It would also be good to have the different servers be in different availability zones, but we're getting into a much harder problem there. What are peoples' opinion on having a high uptime solution in "the cloud"? Note: This question was asked before RDS with multi-AZ was announced, which is the nice automatic answer for today's modern IT professional. :)

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• How can I read a reel-to-reel tape from the 1970s?

  - by Joe Wreschnig

  A close friend of my mother worked at DEC in the 1970s and 1980s. She recently passed away, and in sorting through her estate, my mother discovered some reel-to-reel magnetic tape. We are curious about what might be on it. I haven't yet seen a picture of it, but Wikipedia tells me this is most likely DECtape. Is there any chance the data on it is still good? It was not preserved with great care, but as far as we know it has also never been particularly abused. Just left in a box and moved a few times. If the data is still valid, do we need to dig up a PDP or VAX or read it, or is there a more modern option?

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• linux: accessing thousands of files in hash of directories

  - by 130490868091234

  I would like to know what is the most efficient way of concurrently accessing thousands of files of a similar size in a modern Linux cluster of computers. I am carrying an indexing operation in each of these files, so the 4 index files, about 5-10x smaller than the data file, are produced next to the file to index. Right now I am using a hierarchy of directories from ./00/00/00 to ./99/99/99 and I place 1 file at the end of each directory, like ./00/00/00/file000000.ext to ./00/00/00/file999999.ext. It seems to work better than having thousands of files in the same directory but I would like to know if there is a better way of laying out the files to improve access.

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• Load images in parallel - supported by browser or a feature to implement?

  - by Michael Mao

  Hi all: I am not a pro in web development and Apache server still remains a mystery to me. we've got a project which runs on LAMP, pretty much like all the commercial hosting plans. I am confused about one problem : does modern browsers support image loading in parallel? or this requires some special feature/config set up from server side? Can this be done with PHP coding or by some server-side configuration? Is a special content delivery networking needed for this? The benchmark demonstration will be the flickr website. I am too suprised to see how all image thumbnails are loaded in a short time after a search as if there were only one image to load. Sorry I cannot present any code to you... completed lost in this:(

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• Emulating CP/M under Linux

  - by gh403

  I need to be able to run a very old piece of software -- the HI-TECH z80 C Compiler for CP/M. It has been released as freeware by HI-TECH. Alas, it only runs on CP/M. After a lot of Googling, I found a page of utilities for UZIX. One of those utilities is a script to abstract away the emulation of a CP/M machine, thus allowing you to use the compiler as you would any other UNIX program. The problem with this script is that it depends on their own CP/M emulator, which unfortunately will not compile on a modern (x64) system. My question: is there a usable CP/M emulator for Linux that could be used in a similar fashion? Specifically, I need to be able to somehow have it access files from the host system, a la DOSBox. I'm willing to rewrite a script (I don't have to re-use the UZIX one); I just need an emulator. Thanks for any help!

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• Limit number of simultaneous connections squid makes to a single server

  - by Ben Voigt

  Note: I am asking about outbound concurrent connection limits, not inbound, which is sufficiently covered on existing questions Modern browsers typically open a large number of simultaneous connections, to take advantage of the fact that TCP fairly shares bandwidth between connections. Of course, this doesn't result in fair sharing between users, so some servers have started penalizing hosts which open too many connections. This limit can be configured client-side (e.g. IE MaxConnectionsPerServer, Firefox network.http.max-connections-per-server), but the method differs for each browser and version, and many users aren't competent to adjust it themselves. So we turn to a squid transparent HTTP proxy for central management of HTTP download. How can the number of simultaneous connections from squid to a remote webserver be limited, so the webserver doesn't perceive it as abuse of concurrent connections? Ideally the limit would be per source address. Squid should accept virtually unlimited concurrent requests from the client browser, and issue them sequentially to the remote server, only N at a time, delaying (but not dropping) the others.

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• Pointcast Alternatives?

  - by kellyllek

  I used to love Pointcast in the early days of the internet; it was a screensaver that, like RSS feeds, brought in all your favorite sources with news articles and stock quotes along with various other info and turned it into a visually interesting screensaver. It was before broadband though and I heard so many work places had to ban it that the company eventually folded. But I wondered if there are any modern day equivalents? I certainly have feed readers and some awesome desktop gadgets that bring in various things like news and weather, and I don't want a whole screensaver like pointcast. But I wondered if anyone out there had other suggestions worth taking a look at; making some kind of feed display of interest, or some other way to turn favorite content into more animated desktop background, etc...

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• How can I share files from my Windows 7 machine to my friend's Ubuntu machine?

  - by ProfKaos

  I run a Windows 7 Pro SP1 laptop as my home machine, and my housemate runs an Ubuntu 12.04.1.05 desktop. We share a WLAN. I would like to make certain locations and files available for him to read and maybe write. How can I go about this? Bearing in mind I have very little recent experience with modern Linux, and Ubuntu in particular. My first idea is to share a Windows folder with my Ubuntu VM under VMWare Player, then his Ubuntu machine can connect to my Unbuntu VM, and the two can use whatever magic Ubuntu uses to achieve file sharing. This requires my Ubuntu VM to be always running though, and that may not always be possible. I have also heard that Samba may have a feature to help here, but I know nothing about that. How can I share my Windows files with my mate's Ubuntu machine, preferably with a 1 to 1 connection, i.e. rather not using shim VM's

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• How to make a quiet laptop?

  - by psihodelia

  Most modern laptops have very noisy fans. I am looking for a quiet laptop or a small stationary computer which has all its hardware built in a display. Most tasks will be PDF/docs processing, real-time audio processing, web-surfing and Skype video chats. Certainly, there is no any fan-less model today; but maybe some of the existed laptops do not switch on their fans so often or implement different solutions? For example, an iPad has no fan at all and it is fast enough for my needs, but it has no normal operating system, so I can't use it for anything but audio chats and web-surfing. Or maybe I can buy a laptop and tweak it to make it absolutely noiseless? Can you recommend any solution please?

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• Remote X-windows between new RHEL5 and old Solaris 8

  - by joshxdr

  I have a very small lab network with three boxes: a modern x86-based RHEL3 box, an x86-based RHEL5 box, and a 1998-vintage SPARC Ultra5 with Solaris 8. I can use ssh -X to run a program on the RHEL5 box and view the windows on the RHEL3 box. I believe this uses xauth and magic cookies?? I have followed the X-Windows HOWTO to set up xauth on the Solaris box, but so far no dice. I would like to be able to use the X-windows server on the RHEL3 box with a client program on the Solaris box (program running on Solaris host, windows appearing at Linux host). Is there a trick to this, or have I made a mistake following the instructions for setting up xauth and magic cookie?

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• How to make a quiet laptop ? [closed]

  - by psihodelia

  Most modern laptops have very noisy fans. I am looking for a quiet laptop or a small stationary computer which has all its hardware built in a display. Most tasks will be pdf/docs processing, real-time audio processing, web-surfing and skype video chats. Certainly, there is no any fan-less model today; but maybe some of the existed laptops do not switch on their fans so often or implement different solutions? For example, an iPad has no fan at all and it is fast enough for my needs, but it has no normal operating system, so I can't use it for anything but audio chats and web-surfing. Or maybe I can buy a laptop and tweak it to make it absolutely noiseless? Can you recommend me any solution please? Thanks in advance!

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• Workflow Automation software for SVN

  - by KyleMit

  We're currently using IBM's ClearQuest for task management and ClearCase for change management. They plug and play very well with each other. Users can create tasks in ClearCase as defects and enhancements, and developers can use those tasks to check out and modify code in source control. We're looking to upgrade to a better, more modern Source Control system, like SVN, although we're not married to that as our Source Control system. There are loads of source control systems out there, but I'm having difficulty finding one that also includes the ability to have users enter tasks and track them, especially in a native way to the source control system itself. Are there any products that replace ClearQuest for systems like SVN? Are there any other cheap / open source application pairs that handle both sides of the coin?

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• How frequent are network partitions on cloud services?

  - by roja

  Much is made of the CAP trade-off for data storage where conflicts can be introduced if there is a network partition. My question is there any evidence that this is a problem that arises with any significant frequency in modern cloud IAAS services e.g.; EC2, Azure, Rackspace. Is it a problem which, despite being a theoretical roadblock in constructing idealised distributed systems is, in fact, a non-issue for all practical concerns? Has anyone experienced a network partition within one of these systems (within a single data-centre?) If so would you be willing to share any details?

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• Why isn't Adobe software multilingual?

  - by Takowaki

  I work in a design studio with several non-native English speakers (in this case, into Japanese and Chinese). I have installed the latest Creative Suite (CS5) on our mac stations and was once again disappointed that unlike so many modern software packages there is still no option to change the language of the software. Most of the team has been good enough to work on their English, but it would be much more helpful for them to work in their native language. Why does Adobe continue to require separate licenses based on language? Are they operating under the assumption that only a single language is ever spoken in any given country? Are there any other third party options or does Adobe at least have some sort of statement regarding this policy?

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• Can the traditional remote desktop client be accessed in Windows RT?

  - by nhinkle

  As mentioned in another question, I've been unable to connect through the Remote Desktop metro app to some computers, in particular those requiring VPN access or load balancers. I'm considering purchasing a Microsoft Surface RT, but given that the app store hasn't matured significantly yet and some niche software will likely never be ported to the Modern UI, I must have acess to remote systems somehow. Until Citrix fixes the receiver app for Windows 8, I'm stuck using remote desktop. Which doesn't work. I've heard that Windows RT comes with some of the Microsoft desktop programs built in, like Microsoft Office and File Explorer. Is the "normal" Remote Desktop Connection program available in Windows RT, and if so, is it 100% compatible with previous versions?

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• If I double my ram on a x86 processor, does that double the ram I can use for each individual process?

  - by Derek Reitz

  I don't understand how 32-Bit OS's use RAM on a per process basis. I've read the max RAM my x86 processor running a 32-bit OS can use is 2^32 = 4gb; but that's just for one process, right? 3DS Max keeps crashing, but it typically can never use more than 2GB of RAM before it crashes, if I increase my RAM from 4-8GB, would that double how much RAM I can use for each individual process or actually cause no change in my performance? Also would increasing my VRAM and getting a better graphics card increase the extent to which individual programs can preform? Lastly, is there any way to upgrade a 86-bit processor to be able to run a 64-bit OS? I feel like it would be ridiculous to sell modern processors that are capped at 4GB of RAM? Thanks. Quad-Core Intel i7 Q 720 @ 1.6GHz

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• Recommendations for SSD for server and database use?

  - by Tony_Henrich

  SSDs are a new technology and they are constantly improving. A lot of the posts here were posted in 2009 when SSDs where less mature and not as fast. What was recommend back then is probably out of date today because of better options. The SSD is used to hold SQL Server databases. Size is probably 128G. The database is used with a CMS and web server so web pages need to get their data and render as fast as possible. Which modern SSD is recommended for such a use? Is there an SSD better than Intel X-25 E/M in terms of performance/cost? (I am also evaluating cost between : RAM + UPS (semi persistent) vs SSD for same amount of gigabytes. No RAID is involved)

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• How badly do SSDs degrade without TRIM?

  - by joev

  SSDs have been out for a few years, and have seen all kinds of usage patterns. Windows and Linux support the TRIM command, with Mac OS still trailing behind here. Update (2 Aug 2011): It appears OSX Lion has support for TRIM in Apple-branded SSDs. There is a utility that enables TRIM in non-Apple SSDs I'm sure plenty of Mac users (and pre-TRIM version of Win/Linux) have SSDs. So, to you folks: have you noticed a degradation of SSD performance during its lifetime? How long have you been using the SSD, and how bad is the degradation? I'm assuming that even at its most degraded state, a modern SSD would still smoke a traditional hard drive in terms of performance.

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• Linux QoS (Skype / BitTorent / SIP / HTTP priority)

  - by Andre

  We are configuring a linux box that will act as internet gateway for an office of 30-50 computers. We are using iptables/HTB for traffic shaping. Is there a way to match traffic on L7 level? It's easy to identify traffic by TCP/UDP ports (like SIP and HTTP). But what if we are dealing with Skype & BitTorent? It was surprise for me that there is no powerful and matured sulution for tasks like this. I found only l7-filter (http://l7-filter.clearfoundation.com/) patch for the Linux kernel, but it's no longer supported (it seems to). Moreover it couldn't be compiled with modern Linux kernels. The only option I found was to use a Cisco router. Are there other ways to identify and shape Skype and Bittorent traffic?

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• Is it possible to boot from internet?

  - by Calmarius

  Let's assume the following situation: you have a computer with empty hard disk, and you don't have a CD, floppy, pen drive nearby to boot the computer from. But you have connection to the Internet. Modern computers support network booting using PXE, but I haven't found anything regarding booting via the internet. So, is it possible to use PXE to load an image from the internet and boot it? By having a running system (even a minimal Linux) in RAM, it should be possible to install it on the hard disk, and build up a working system from here.

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• How do I make control-click in Opera open new tabs?

  - by user21952-is-a-great-name

  Update: As of version 11.50, control-click opens the new tab in background, as desired. Yay! In Opera, as opposed to all other modern browsers I know, control-click does not open a new tab. Moreover, I couldn't find any good way to configure this behavior. The best available option seems to be this. However, it's so hacky that it won't work on HTTPS sites unless you enable user javascript there, which doesn't seem like a good idea. There also seem to be other proposed solutions, but none of them seem to work. I'd like this because my laptop has no middle mouse-button, and I'm a creature of habit. Do people have any ideas (for the latest version, 10.50)? I'd like ctrl-click to open a background tab, but I can do with foreground. Thank you!

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• Any way to tell apart a CPU defect from a mainboard defect?

  - by Pekka

  I have a fairly modern desktop computer, an AMD Athlon II X2 based silent PC, that does not work. When turned on, it will start physically (all fans are rotating, disks start up...) but not give a signal on any of the graphics ports (DVI, VGA, and HDMI, I tried all three). Also, the reset button does not seem to have any effect. I have stripped the mainboard bare of all SATA connections, extension cards, and the one 2GB RAM chip to eliminate them as the problem source, but to no avail, so I think it's fair to assume it's either the mainboard or the processor that are at fault. However, I have neither a replacement mainboard, nor a replacement processor handy to identify which one is broken. The cause of the defect is unknown, so for all I know, it could be both. Therefore, I'm reluctant to buy replacement hardware blindly before knowing more. Is there any way to further diagnose (or at least get some indication) which component is broken without buying replacement hardware?

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• What does it mean for a computer to be an "IBM Compatible PC"?

  - by Jon

  A couple questions about this: 1) Is this term even relevant any more? 2) Does this mean anything from a developer's stand point? It is not exactly clear to me if this is a BIOS, architecture, bus or a combination. A piece of software I'm working on expects to see a "Description" of the system and currently windows machines report "AT/AT Compatible". Having been tasked to port this to Mac, I really don't know what a proper "Description" would be - this will most likely be omitted but I was wondering if anyone could provide some insight on the modern usage of this term.

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• How to suspend and resume browser tab groups?

  - by Robin Green

  Modern browsers such as Firefox and Chrome are able to shutdown and restore the same group of tabs they had before the next time you open them, and even sometimes remember additional tab state such as scroll position within the tab. I would like ideally to be able to select a group of tabs (about some coherent theme, perhaps) and save them away into some kind of "folder" that I could later open independently, without opening any other tabs. Obviously I can use bookmarks for this, but bookmarks are kind of old-fashioned. It would be excellent if it could also record forms that I had filled in but not submitted, scroll position, tab position within the tab group, and any other "dynamic" aspects of the current tab state.

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• How do I make control-click in Opera open new tabs?

  - by user21952-is-a-great-name

  In Opera, as opposed to all other modern browsers I know, control-click does not open a new tab. Moreover, I couldn't find any good way to configure this behavior. The best available option seems to be this. However, it's so hacky that it won't work on HTTPS sites unless you enable user javascript there, which doesn't seem like a good idea. There also seem to be other proposed solutions, but none of them seem to work. I'd like this because my laptop has no middle mouse-button, and I'm a creature of habit. Do people have any ideas (for the latest version, 10.50)? I'd like ctrl-click to open a background tab, but I can do with foreground. Thank you!

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