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• SQL Server Unattended Install through SSH

  - by Samuel

  I'm trying to install SQL Server from the command line through Cygwin open-ssh. The install works when I log onto the server as Administrator and execute the script through a Cygwin shell, but the install doesn't work when I SSH into the machine using Administrator's credentials and run the exact same command. I've already verified that the SSHD process is running as the Admistrator, and I've verified that the install script is indeed starting under Administrator. Is there something different with the terminal in SSH vs. the Cygwin terminal on the machine that would cause this problem? Specifically what's failing is Sql Server install runs for a while then hangs with a MSI error 1622. "Error opening installation log file. Verify that the specified log file location exists and is writable." If I run both installs, I've noticed that they have different authentication id's in ProcMon, but they have the exact same command line parameters. There has to be something in SSH that is causing permissions issues... Any ideas?

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• why won't php 5.3.3 compile libphp5.so on redhat ent

  - by spatel

  I'm trying to upgrade to php 5.3.3 from php 5.2.13. However, the apache module, libphp5.so will not be compiled. Below is a output I got along with the configure options I used. The configure statement is a reduced version of what I normally use. ========== './configure' '--disable-debug' '--disable-rpath' '--with-apxs2=/usr/local/apache2/bin/apxs' ... ** ** ** Warning: inter-library dependencies are not known to be supported. ** ** ** All declared inter-library dependencies are being dropped. ** ** ** Warning: libtool could not satisfy all declared inter-library ** ** ** dependencies of module libphp5. Therefore, libtool will create ** ** ** a static module, that should work as long as the dlopening ** ** ** application is linked with the -dlopen flag. copying selected object files to avoid basename conflicts... Generating phar.php Generating phar.phar PEAR package PHP_Archive not installed: generated phar will require PHP's phar extension be enabled. clicommand.inc pharcommand.inc directorytreeiterator.inc directorygraphiterator.inc invertedregexiterator.inc phar.inc Build complete. Don't forget to run 'make test'. ============= php 5.2.13 recompiles just fine so something is up with 5.3.3. Any help would be greatly appreciated!!

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• How to use a common library of environment variables among different languages?

  - by JDS

  We have three main languages with which we perform system tasks: Bash, Ruby, and PHP, and Perl. Four, four main languages. We use managed environment variables to provide authorization info that automated scripts need. For example, a mysql user account and password. We'd like to use one single managed file to maintain these variables. In some instances, for example, in cron, these environment variables are not available. They are made available in CLI scripts because we source the env file in everyone's profile. But something like cron doesn't do that. On the CLI, when the env file is sourced, any given script can access those variables. Bash has them directly, PHP in $_ENV, ruby in ENV, etc. We can't source the file into non-Bash scripts, because most languages implement shell commands by running them in a subshell. We considered parsing the Bash, converting to the script's lang, and running the equivalent of "exec(parsed_output)" on the resulting strings. What is a good solution to providing managed environment vars to scripts running in cron, or similar?

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• Set primary group of file or directory on Samba share from Windows

  - by Hubert Kario

  Short version: I have such situation on a Samba share: $ ls -lha total 12K drwxr-xr-x 3 hka Domain Users 4.0K Jan 11 17:07 . drwxrwxrwt 19 root root 4.0K Jan 11 17:06 .. drwxr-xr-x 2 hka Domain Users 4.0K Jan 11 17:07 dir A -rw-r--r-- 1 hka Domain Users 0 Jan 11 17:07 file A How am I able to change this to following using only Windows SMB/CIFS client (using 3rd party applications is OK) $ ls -lha total 12K drwxr-xr-x 3 hka Domain Users 4.0K Jan 11 17:07 . drwxrwxrwt 19 root root 4.0K Jan 11 17:06 .. drwxr-xr-x 2 hka ntpoweruser 4.0K Jan 11 17:07 dir A -rw-r--r-- 1 hka ntpoweruser 0 Jan 11 17:07 file A Rationale and background info I'm using POSIX ACLs on Samba shares. Together with acl group control for Samba, it allows me to delegate management of permissions to different users based on group membership. Thing is, when I create a new file on a Samba share, I'm unable to set its primary group (the one that grants permission to change its permissions). It's being set to my primary group (Domain Users) or group set using force group option in smb.conf share definition. Removing all groups in windows except the one I want to become the new primary group doesn't work. I can change it using chgrp group folder/ as regular user though shell, but it's suboptimal (not all users are *nix users). Trying to set new owner to group from Windows file permission window makes the Samba to return permission denied with following log entry: [2012/01/05 21:13:03.349734, 3] smbd/nttrans.c:1899(call_nt_transact_set_security_desc) call_nt_transact_set_security_desc: file = projects/project A/New folder, sent 0x1 [2012/01/05 21:13:03.349774, 3] smbd/posix_acls.c:1208(unpack_nt_owners) unpack_nt_owners: unable to validate owner sid for S-1-5-21-4526631811-884521863-452487935-11025 [2012/01/05 21:13:03.349804, 3] smbd/error.c:80(error_packet_set) error packet at smbd/nttrans.c(1909) cmd=160 (SMBnttrans) NT_STATUS_INVALID_OWNER The SID is correct and belongs to group I specified in GUI.

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• Running .NET code in XML file [closed]

  - by Stuart McIntosh

  We have 2 servers, 1 already configured with .net which works fine and a new one which appears to be configured the same but when I open an xml page in Internet Explorer it complains about the <% tag. We have IIS on win srvr 2003 SP2. The website is configured with .NET 1.1.4322. In ISAPI extensions have set the .XML extension to use c:\windows\microsoft.net\framework\v1.1.4322\aspnet_isapi.dll But the page: <property name="documentmaxage" value="0"/> <property name="documentmaxstale" value="0"/> <var name="m_Prompt_Path" /> <form id="InitVoiceXmlDoc"> <block> <assign name="m_Prompt_Path" expr="&quot;<% Response.Write(Request.QueryString["m_Prompt_Path"]); %>&quot;"/> </block> </form> gives the error: The XML page cannot be displayed Cannot view XML input using XSL style sheet. Please correct the error and then click the Refresh button, or try again later. The character '<' cannot be used in an attribute value. Error processing resource 'http://localhost:11119/fails.xml'. Lin... &quo... We have the same config on another server which works fine. So are there other options apart from the ISAPI extensions that I need to look at

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• Upgrading PHP, MySQL old-passwords issue

  - by Rushyo

  I've inherited a Windows 2k3 server running an XAMPP-installation from the stone age. I needed to upgrade PHP to facilitate an upgrade to MediaWiki to facilitate a new MediaWiki extension (to facilitate some documentation to facilitate doing my job to facilitate getting paid to facilit... you get the idea). However... installing a new version of PHP resulted in PHP's MySQL libraries refusing to communicate using MySQL's 'old style' 152-bit passwords. Not a problem in theory. The MySQL installation is post-4.1, so it should have the functionality to upgrade the user's passwords from 152-bit to 328-bit (what a weird hashing algorithm...). I ran the following: SET PASSWORD = PASSWORD('foo'); on MySQL but querying: SELECT user, password FROM mysql.user; returned just the same password I started out with - 152-bit. Now... I suspect you're thinking 'AHA! old-passwords is on!'. Unfortunately it's not - I've disabled it in the configuration (explicitly set it to 0), made doubly sure I have an absolute reference to that configuration file and ensured the service isn't using the --old-passwords flag. The service was reset after each and every operation. So I went onto another system and generated the 328-bit hash on there, copying the hash over to the first MySQL instance. Unfortunately, that didn't work either (I did remember to FLUSH PRIVILEGES). The application error is: "'mysqlnd cannot connect to MySQL 4.1+ using the old insecure authentication. Please use an administration tool [...snip...] Is there anything else I can try to get PHP to recognise MySQL as not using the 'old insecure authentication'? MySQL seems to be stuck in 'old-passwords' mode and I can't get it out of it.

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• Windows 7 Explorer: how to show total size of all files in current folder?

  - by matt wilkie

  In Windows XP Explorer one can turn on Status Bar which shows, among other things, the total size of all the files in the current folder, or if the cumulative size of the selected files. How do I get the same at-a-glance information in Windows 7? Selecting files doesn't count as it stops after 15 files, and it's rare that I'm concerned about total size with that few files (it's pretty easy to estimate in my head). thanks. UPDATE: Information derived from the context menu (select r-click properties) isn't "at a glance", and not as smooth as selecting files and clicking the details link at the bottom in any case. Thank you for fleshing out more of the available routes though. Yes Q19232 is similar to this one, though it is not a duplicate. That question is about looking for easy free-space on disk stats and this one is easy used-space by contents of this folder stats. The answer for both is the same though. You can't! Hopefully someone will figure how to get this lost feature back with a shell extension or something.

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• Ubuntu Launcher Items Don't Have Correct Environment Vars under NX

  - by ivarley

  I've got an environment variable issue I'm having trouble resolving. I'm running Ubuntu (Karmic, 9.10) and coming in via NX (NoMachine) on a Mac. I've added several environment variables in my .bashrc file, e.g.: export JAVA_HOME=$HOME/dev/tools/Linux/jdk/jdk1.6.0_16/ Sitting at the machine, this environment variable is available on the command line, as well as for apps I launch from the Main Menu. Coming in over NX, however, the environment variable shows up correctly on the command line, but NOT when I launch things via the launcher. As an example, I created a simple shell script called testpath in my home folder: #!/bin/sh echo $PATH && sleep 5 quit I gave it execute privileges: chmod +x testpath And then I created a launcher item in my Main Menu that simply runs: ./testpath When I'm sitting at the computer, this launcher runs and shows all the stuff I put into the $PATH variable in my .bashrc file (e.g. $JAVA_HOME, etc). But when I come in over NX, it shows a totally different value for the $PATH variable, despite the fact that if I launch a terminal window (still in NX), and type export $PATH, it shows up correctly. I assume this has to do with which files are getting loaded by the windowing system over NX, and that it's some other file. But I have no idea how to fix it. For the record, I also have a .profile file with the following in it: # if running bash if [ -n "$BASH_VERSION" ]; then # include .bashrc if it exists if [ -f "$HOME/.bashrc" ]; then . "$HOME/.bashrc" fi fi

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• How to disable Utility Manager (Windows Key + U)

  - by Skizz

  How do I disable the Windows + U hotkey in Windows XP? Alternatively, how do I stop the utility manager from being active? The two are related. The utilty manager is currently providing a potential security hole and I need to remove it[1]. The system I'm developing uses a custom Gina to log in and start a custom shell. This removes most Windows Key hotkeys but the Win + U still pops up the manager app. Update: Things I've tried and don't work: NoWinKeys registry setting - this only affects explorer hotkeys; Renaming utilman.exe - program reappears next login; Third party software - not really an option, these machines are audited by the clients and additional, third party software would be unlikely to be accepted. Also, the proedure needs to be reasonably straightforward - this has to be done by field service engineers to existing machines (machines currently in Russia, Holland, France, Spain, Ireland and USA). [1] The hole is via the internet options in the help viewer the utility app links to.

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• What kind of hosting do I need? [closed]

  - by Robert Smith

  I have been trying to answer this question but I haven't found an specific answer to my situation. As I want to pay for what I need, I thought I could get a good answer here. I have custom made forum (rather than a built-in forum like the ones you can find as plugins, e.g. WP-Forum or phpBB type of software) in Django. I don't want to use Apache and modwsgi because it's usually very memory-hungry and I can't afford a big server. I prefer a combination of nginx and gunicorn which I think is very efficient (maybe you can also tell me what you think about that). I'm expecting to receive 10,000 to 20,000 visits each month with 15,000 to 30,000 page impressions. I have reviewed some cloud services like Amazon EC2 or Rackspace and other more traditional services (Linodo). This site won't use videos or big images and I certainly don't need a huge amount of bandwidth (200GB would be definitely too much). I need shell access so shared hosting is out of the question. What do I need to run a website like that without problems? What about RAM? 256MB would be enough (that's the amount of RAM offered by small instances in Amazon and Rackspace)? Do you know of any alternative to those I mentioned? If you need more information to provide a useful answer, please don't hesitate to ask. Thanks a lot.

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• Persistent PuTTY sessions for multiple windows

  - by Tgr

  I'm working in various Linux environments through PuTTY connections which break from time to time. I'm looking for a solution to make the PuTTY windows persist (e.g. if I was editing a file, then after reconnecting I should be in the same editor with the same file open at the same place), with the following requirements: it shouldn't require any manual setup at the beginning of the session or after reconnection (I don't want to type in screen or anything like that) I have several windows open to the same machine with the same user, which tend to disconnect at the same time the number/role of windows is not constant (it's not like I have an mc window, a mysql window and a "script runner" window; sometimes I use one window for search or for SVN commands, other times I need several at the same time) sometimes I need to change the properties of the windows for a task (large window for grepping/editing, small windows because I need to see two of them at the same time, red background because I am modifying the live database in MySQL etc), so I need to get the same console back in the same window after a reconnect Is there a way to achieve this? I suppose I should use screen or something equivalent, but how does it know which window I am reconnecting from? Is there some way to pass a unique window identifier to the shell from PuTTY?

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• Ubuntu 10.04 on virtualbox gives error: Target filesystem doesn't have /sbin/init \ No init found. Try passing init= bootarg

  - by Philip

  I'm a linux newbie and the only reason I have it installed is so I can stop having Windows incompatibility issues with Ruby on Rails. Having said that, it sure has been nice, and much faster, and I don't think I'll be doing any Winrails stuff anytime soon. So I created a virtualmachine using virtualbox and have had ubuntu on it for the last 3 weeks. Recently ubuntu asked if it could update a few things, I clicked 'ok'. Now it won't boot and I get this error: *mount: mounting /dev on /root/dev failed: No such file or directory mount: mounting /sys on /root/sys failed: No such file or directory ... Target filesystem doesn't have /sbin/init. No init found. Try passing init= bootarg BusyBox v1.13.3... (initramfs) _ * So I cruised the forums and there are a variety of solutions, but they all have to do with booting from the live cd. (which I assume is the ISO image I used to install ubuntu in the first place). But when I boot from that CD, it just hangs on the ubuntu screen, and the little dots keep cycling white to red, but it hung there for an hour so I think it was stuck. Not sure what I can do; can I do anything from the busybox shell (or whatever that is) to fix things? The thing is, it took about 10 hours to get everything the way I needed with all the gems and whatnot. And I didn't really write down what I tweaked, and I'm middle aged, so all that information has leaked out by now and I don't want to do it again. I'd really like to repair my existing install. One question you might have is, is there something wrong with the ISO? I don't think so, because I made a new virtual machine and used that same iso file to install a fresh ubuntu. Any help much appreciated. Phil

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• INSERT DELAYED on locked tables blocks PHP processes to continue

  - by sw0x2A

  Our webservers write some tracking information into a MySQL database (using INSERT DELAYED into MyISAM table). When a huge SELECT query is executed on this table or when it is locked for another reason, the webserver processes (with INSERT DELAYED) are waiting for the database and in some cases the MaxServer limit is reached in Apaches, so they will stop serving requests. We use INSERT DELAYED because The DELAYED option for the INSERT statement is a MySQL extension to standard SQL that is very useful if you have clients that cannot or need not wait for the INSERT to complete. This is a common situation when you use MySQL for logging and you also periodically run SELECT and UPDATE statements that take a long time to complete. Quote from MySQL documentation. I am wondering why the Apache processes are waiting for the INSERT DELAYED to finish. And what can I do to just send the data and forget about it. (Since this is logging data, I do not care if we lose some entries.) Even when the table is locked the PHP script should just go on and should not wait for an answer of MySQL. (We do not want to setup Master-slave for this table but we are thinking about move this data to some NoSQL database. But for now I would like to know why INSERT DELAYED is not working as expected.)

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• Weekly cron executing 2 times:

  - by yes123

  Hi guys, I have placed a .sh file that runs a php script weekly. This script should run only once, but every sunday it runs at: 1:30 am 6:50 am Any way to fix this? Add1: /etc/cron.weekly/cronweek: #!/bin/bash /usr/bin/php -f /home/my/path/to/script/cronweek.php Add2: crontab file: # /etc/crontab: system-wide crontab # Unlike any other crontab you don't have to run the `crontab' # command to install the new version when you edit this file # and files in /etc/cron.d. These files also have username fields, # that none of the other crontabs do. SHELL=/bin/sh PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin # m h dom mon dow user command 17 * * * * root cd / && run-parts --report /etc/cron.hourly 25 6 * * * root test -x /usr/sbin/anacron || ( cd / && run-parts --report /etc/cron.daily ) 47 6 * * 7 root test -x /usr/sbin/anacron || ( cd / && run-parts --report /etc/cron.weekly ) 52 6 1 * * root test -x /usr/sbin/anacron || ( cd / && run-parts --report /etc/cron.monthly ) # */1 * * * * root /usr/local/rtm/bin/rtm 35 > /dev/null 2> /dev/null

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• What are ways to prevent files with the Right-to-Left Override Unicode character in their name (a malware spoofing method) from being written or read?

  - by galacticninja

  What are ways to avoid or prevent files with the RLO (Right-to-Left Override) Unicode character in their name (a malware method to spoof filenames) from being written or read in a Windows PC? More info on the RLO unicode character here: http://www.fileformat.info/info/unicode/char/202e/index.htm http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bi-directional_text Info on the RLO unicode character when used by malware: http://www.ipa.jp/security/english/virus/press/201110/E_PR201110.html Mirror link: http://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:KasmfOvbVJ8J:www.ipa.jp/security/english/virus/press/201110/E_PR201110.html+&cd=1&hl=en&ct=clnk You can try this RLO character test webpage: http://www.fileformat.info/info/unicode/char/202e/browsertest.htm The RLO character is also already pasted in the 'Input Test' field in that webpage. Try typing there and notice that the characters you're typing are coming out in their reverse orders (right-to-left, instead of left-to-right). In filenames, the RLO character can be specifically positioned in the filename to spoof or masquerade as having a filename or file extension that is different than what it actually has. (Will still be hidden even if 'Hide extensions for known filetypes' is unchecked.) The only info I can find that has info on how to prevent files with the RLO character from being run is from the Information Technology Promotion Agency, Japan website: http://www.ipa.jp/security/english/virus/press/201110/E_PR201110.html (Mirror link). They adviced to use the Local Security Policy settings manager to block files with the RLO character in its name from being run. Can anyone recommend any other good solutions to prevent files with the RLO character in their names from being written or being read in the computer, or a way to alert the user if a file with the RLO character is detected? My OS is Windows 7, but I'll be looking for solutions for Windows XP, Vista and 7, or a solution that will work for all those OSes, to help people using those OSes too.

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• nginx logrotate config

  - by TomOP

  Whats the best way to rotate nginx logfiles? In my opinion, I should create a file "nginx" in /etc/logrotate.d/ and fill it with the following code and do a /etc/init.d/syslog restart after that. This would be my config (I havn't tested it yet): /usr/local/nginx/logs/*.log { #rotate the logfile(s) daily daily # adds extension like YYYYMMDD instead of simply adding a number dateext # If log file is missing, go on to next one without issuing an error msg missingok # Save logfiles for the last 49 days rotate 49 # Old versions of log files are compressed with gzip compress # Postpone compression of the previous log file to the next rotation cycle delaycompress # Do not rotate the log if it is empty notifempty # create mode owner group create 644 nginx nginx #after logfile is rotated and nginx.pid exists, send the USR1 signal postrotate [ ! -f /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid ] || kill -USR1 `cat /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid` endscript } I have both the access.log and error.log files in /usr/local/nginx/logs/ and want to rotate both daily. Can anyone please tell me if "dateext" is correct? I want the log filename to be something like "access.log-2010-12-04". One more thing: Can I do the log rotation every day on a specific time (e.g. 11 pm)? If so, how? Thanks.

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• Gnome, open with, custom command, filename reference

  - by Tergiver

  I want to execute this custom command on a file from the Gnome File Browser: hexdump -C $f > $f.dump That would create a hexdump of the file with the file's name + .dump in the directory that the file exists in. When I say $f above I mean something that would substitute the name of the file that was opened. So I've tried "Open with", "Use a custom command". I can't get it to work. I've tried a number of symbols in place of $f. Is it even possible? Before you suggest getting a GUI hexdump program, this is just one example. I have the need to do this sort of thing for many terminal-type programs. Am I the only person on Earth who wishes for a hybrid File-Browser-slash-Command-Terminal? That would be a file browser which contained a terminal pane who's current directory always matched that of the file browser. One could execute shell commands in the context of what they were viewing in the browser.

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• Change to different user, or let different user execute a command

  - by WG-

  I have a problem. There is a server which I can access with an account by ssh, lets say WG. Now there is a folder with the following permissions. drwxr-s---+ 855 vvz www-data 20K Aug 21 17:56 pictures I want to copy this folder using rsync, however since I am not the user www-data but WG I cannot execute rsync. So I want www-data to execute a rsync command. However, I do not posses sudo powers. My friend however tells me that I am actually able to execute the rsync command as www-data, but he will not tell me how. I asked him for some clues and he told me that it had something to do with reverse shell (which I figured out to be that you connect by ssh to your server and then you connect back to your own server, or something). I also asked if it was by-design or actually a flaw in the system. He tells me it is both. Furthermore I think it has something to do with the group permissions. If I just make sure that I am with the group permissions then I can also read the files. Anybody has a clue?

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• What is my BaseDN supposed to be with the following configuration of OpenLDAP?

  - by fuzzy lollipop

  I have the following in my OpenLDAP configuration. Using the latest version OpenLDAP on Centos 5.3. Installed using yum. From my /etc/openldap/slapd.conf database bdb suffix "dc=company,dc=com" rootdn "cn=Manager,dc=company,dc=com" From my /etc/openldap/ldap.conf BASE dc=company,dc=com I have successfully added an entry with ldapadd and retrieved it with ldapsearch from a local bash shell on the box. Now I am trying to get a Graphical Editor to connect to this server remotely so I can enter people from my laptop. But I am having no luck. I tried JXplorer, and it connects with Anonymous bind without me having to specify a BaseDN but I can't edit anything that way. If I try and give it a user name and password, using Manager and my rootpw I have in clear text just for testing, every GUI Client on my remote laptop complains about my BaseDN not being the correct format when I enter dc=company,dc=com and I tried cn=Manager,dc=company,dc=com. Error opening connection: [LDAP: error code 34 - invalid DN] I have tried multiple clients and all of them connect as anonymous, none let me connect authenticated where I can actually create or edit anything. I am using Manager as my username and the password from rootpw, is that correct?

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• IIS8 Application request routing

  - by JustDanyul

  Sorry for what is most likely NOT a very intelligent question, but my non-sysadmin brain is struggling to understand what is causing my problem. Basically, I wan't to enable reverse proxying on a IIS8 box. I read though this article: http://www.iis.net/learn/extensions/url-rewrite-module/reverse-proxy-with-url-rewrite-v2-and-application-request-routing And I've installed the ARR extension from here: http://www.iis.net/downloads/microsoft/application-request-routing Now, I enabled the proxying (as explained in the MS tutorial), and I felt the other setting as they where (again, as instructed in the tutorial). My rule looks like the following <rule name="Reverse Proxy to payroll" stopProcessing="true"> <match url="^mytest/(.*)" /> <action type="Rewrite" url="http://localhost:8282/{R:1}" /> </rule> But alas, it doesn't work. If I change it to a "normal" rewrite rule, as in <rule name="Reverse Proxy to payroll" stopProcessing="true"> <match url="^mytest/(.*)" /> <action type="Rewrite" url="/{R:1}" /> </rule> Then it works. So, it must differently be something with the reverse proxy. Any idea what gives?

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• Some doubts about the use of usermod and groupmod command

  - by AndreaNobili

  I am not yet a true "Linux guy" and I have the following doubts about how exactly do the following shell procedure (a list of commands steps) founded in a tutorial that I am following (I want deeply understand what I am doing before do it): sudo passwd root then login again as root usermod -l miner pi usermod -m -d /home/miner miner groupmod -n miner pi exit So at the beginning it enable the root account and I have to login again in the system as root...this is perfectly clear for me. And now I have the followings doubts: 1) The usermod command: usermod -l miner pi usermod -m -d /home/miner miner Reading the official documentation of the usermod command I understand that this command modify the informations related to an existing account Reading the documentation it seems to me that the -l parmether modify the name of the user pi in miner and then the -m -d paramether move the contents of the old home directory to the new one (named miner) and use this new directory as home directory My doubt is: what exactly do the executions of these operation? I think that: Rename the existing pi user in miner Then move the content of the old home directory (the pi home directory? or what?) into a new directory (/home/miner) that now is the home directory for the miner user. Is it right? The the second doubt is related to this command groupmod -n miner pi It seems to me that change the group name from pi in miner But what exactly is a group in Linux and why is it used? Tnx

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• rsync per-site configuration file?

  - by Scott

  I know how to configure a per-site entry for ssh, but is there any kind of a client configuration for rsync that allows per-site configuration options and aliases or similar shortcuts like the .ssh/config? I'm curious because I have a minimal ssh server installed on my android phone and I also have a minimal rsync tool on it as well. I'm getting tired of having to root login onto the phone and sym-link both tools to standard places the android OS looks for executables as the ssh server is bare bones and has a typical *bear multi-link binary for the basic unix commands (that does not include rsync) I end up having to include --rsync-path=/path/to/rsync/android/files/rsync every time I want to do any rsyncing of the files on my phone, but this path is always the same. I've gotten around it in the meantime with a glob approach in a shell script wrapper, but this sometimes limits the customization I can do with the rsync call. I'm just wondering if there is anything similar to the .ssh/config file where I can create an alias for my phone (e.g. 'android') where specifying rsync android:/mnt/sdcard will automatically assume --rsync-path=/blah/blah/blah --no-g --no-p --no-t etc. Tre`

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• nginx with fail2ban and mod_security

  - by Mahesh

  I forgot to update my fail2ban config for nginx. I just moved to nginx from apache. Today, I got a lot of cals from a single IP. IP tried to access login pages with post and get methods IP tried to use nginx as a proxy (GET http:/...) IP searched images, js, css folders IP tried to inject -d url_allow_fopen =1 and something similar. Most of the calls ended with 404. http { limit_req_zone $binary_remote_addr zone=app:10m rate=5r/s; ... server { ... location / { limit_req zone=app burst=50; } I got approximately 50 requests from that ip for a second. So i updated my nginx like the above. Will it avoid too many connections per second now? I have updated my fail2ban jail.local to support nginx. I am confused with the nginx-noscript.conf [Definition] failregex = ^<HOST> -.*GET.*(\.php|\.asp|\.exe|\.pl|\.cgi|\scgi) ignoreregex = I am serving php with nginx. I checked apache's noscript.conf and which has .php extension on it too. I tested this above settings before restarting fail2ban and got thousands of ips matched. I removed php and nothing matched. Do i need .php| in nginx-noscript.conf? Using mod_security and fail2ban together bring any problem? When i was searching today, i came to know mod_security is available for nginx too. So i am planning to use it too.

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• How to correctly set GNU Screen to display currently running program in hardstatus

  - by johnny_bgoode

  I posted this question on SuperUser but it's hardly getting any views, so I thought I'd ask here as well. In bash, to display the name of the current program in the GNU Screen hardstatus line takes only two configuration lines. First, tell screen what the end of your prompt normally looks like, and supply a default title for a window when you are sitting at in the shell: shelltitle "$ |bash" Next, place this escape sequence in the PS1 variable, before the characters that normally terminate the prompt '$ ' in this case: \033k\033\\\ This technique works, to a point. The hardstatus window title is updated to the name of the currently running program, and then switches back to the default title shortly after execution is finished. One major problem, however, is that this escape string is not escaped itself, causing line-wrapping problems with commands longer than the initial line. This was annoying, so I set out looking for a solution. Turns out, simply escaping the previous escape sequence corrects line wrapping: [\033k]\[\033\\\] Great! My hardstatus window title still updates to the name of the currently running program, and now my longer commands wrap to the second line correctly. However, with this new escape sequence in my PS1, screen updates the window title to the actual command I am typing, not simply the name of the current program once it is executed. I am wondering, has anyone gotten this working correctly - i.e. line wrapping and proper updating of the hardstatus window title? Thanks!

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• How to correctly set GNU Screen to display currently running program in hardstatus

  - by johnny_bgoode

  In bash, to display the name of the current program in the GNU Screen hardstatus line takes only two configuration lines. First, tell screen what the end of your prompt normally looks like, and supply a default title for a window when you are sitting at in the shell: shelltitle "$ |bash" Next, place this escape sequence in the PS1 variable, before the characters that normally terminate the prompt '$ ' in this case: \033k\033\\ This technique works, to a point. The hardstatus window title is updated to the name of the currently running program, and then switches back to the default title shortly after execution is finished. One major problem, however, is that this escape string is not escaped itself, causing line-wrapping problems with commands longer than the initial line. This was annoying, so I set out looking for a solution. Turns out, simply escaping the previous escape sequence corrects line wrapping: \[\033k\]\[\033\\\] Great! My hardstatus window title still updates to the name of the currently running program, and now my longer commands wrap to the second line correctly. However, with this new escape sequence in my PS1, screen updates the window title to the actual command I am typing, not simply the name of the current program once it is executed. I am wondering, has anyone gotten this working correctly - i.e. line wrapping and proper updating of the hardstatus window title?

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