wcf rest contrib - Page 345

ADF version of "Modern" dialog windows

- by Martin Deh

It is no surprise with the popularity of the i-devices (iphone, ipad), that many of the iOS UI based LnF (look and feel) would start to inspire web designers to incorporate the same LnF into their web sites. Take for example, a normal dialog popup. In the iOS world, the LnF becomes a bit more elegant by add just a simple element as a "floating" close button: In this blog post, I will describe how this can be accomplished using OOTB ADF components and CSS3 style elements. There are two ways that this can be achieved. The easiest way is to simply replace the default image, which looks like this, and adjust the af|panelWindow:close-icon-style skin selector. Using this simple technique, you can come up with this: The CSS code to produce this effect is pretty straight forward: af|panelWindow.test::close-icon-style{ background-image: url("../popClose.gif"); line-height: 10px; position: absolute; right: -10px; top: -10px; height:38px; width:38px; outline:none; } You can see from the CSS, the position of the region, which holds the image, is relocated based on the position based attributes. Also, the addition of the "outline" attribute removes the border that is visible in Chrome and IE. The second example, is based on not having an image to produce the close button. Like the previous sample, I will use the OOTB panelWindow. However, this time I will use a OOTB commandButton to replace the image. The construct of the components looks like this: The commandButton is positioned first in the hierarchy making the re-positioning easier. The commandButton will also need a style class assigned to it (i.e. closeButton), which will allow for the positioning and the over-riding of the default skin attributes of a default button. In addition, the closeIconVisible property is set to false, since the default icon is no longer needed. Once this is done, the rest is in the CSS. Here is the sample that I created that was used for an actual customer POC: The CSS code for the button: af|commandButton.closeButton, af|commandButton.closeButton af|commandButton:text-only{ line-height: 10px; position: absolute; right: -10px; top: -10px; -webkit-border-radius: 70px; -moz-border-radius: 70px; -ms-border-radius: 70px; border-radius: 70px; background-image:none; border:#828c95 1px solid; background-color:black; font-weight: bold; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; color:white; height:30px; width:30px; outline:none; } The CSS uses the border radius to create the round effect on the button (in IE 8, since border-radius is not supported, this will only work with some added code). Also, I add the box-shadow attribute to the panelWindow style class to give it a nice shadowing effect.

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Hiring New IT Employees versus Promoting Internally for IT Positions

Recently I was asked my opinion regarding the hiring of IT professionals in regards to the option of hiring new IT employees versus promoting internally for IT positions. After thinking a little more about this question regarding staffing, specifically pertaining to promoting internally verses new employees; I think my answer to this question is that it truly depends on the situation. However, in most cases I would side with promoting internally. The key factors in this decision should be based on a company/department’s current values, culture, attitude, and existing priorities. For example if a company values retaining all of its hard earned business knowledge then they would tend to promote existing employees internal over hiring a new employee. Moreover, the company will have to pay to train an existing employee to learn a new technology and the learning curve for some technologies can be very steep. Conversely, if a company values new technologies and technical proficiency over business knowledge then a company would tend to hire new employees because they may already have experience with a technology that the company is planning on using. In this scenario, the company would have to take on the additional overhead of allowing a new employee to learn how the business operates prior to them being fully effective. To illustrate my points above let us look at contractor that builds in ground pools for example. He has the option to hire employees that are very strong but use small shovels to dig, or employees weak in physical strength but use large shovels to dig. Which employee should the contractor use to dig a hole for a new in ground pool? If we compare the possible candidates for this job we will find that they are very similar to hiring someone internally verses a new hire. The first example represents the existing workers that are very strong regarding the understanding how the business operates and the reasons why in a specific manner. However this employee could be potentially weaker than an outsider pertaining to specific technologies and would need some time to build their technical prowess for a new position much like the strong worker upgrading their shovels in order to remove more dirt at once when digging. The other employee is very similar to hiring a new person that may already have the large shovel but will need to increase their strength in order to use the shovel properly and efficiently so that they can move a maximum amount of dirt in a minimal amount of time. This can be compared to new employ learning how a business operates before they can be fully functional and integrated in the company/department. Another key factor in this dilemma pertains to existing employee and their passion for their work, their ability to accept new responsibility when given, and the willingness to take on responsibilities when they see a need in the business. As much as possible should be considered in this decision down to the mood of the team, the quality of existing staff, learning cure for both technology and business, and the potential side effects of the existing staff. In addition, there are many more consideration based on the current team/department/companies culture and mood. There are several factors that need to be considered when promoting an individual or hiring new blood for a team. They both can provide great benefits as well as create controversy to a group. Personally, staffing especially in the IT world is like building a large scale system in that all of the components and modules must fit together and preform as one cohesive system in the same way a team must come together using their individually acquired skills so that they can work as one team. If a module is out of place or is nonexistent then the rest of the team will suffer until the all of its issues are addressed and resolved. Benefits of Promoting Internally Internal promotions give employees a reason to constantly upgrade their technology, business, and communication skills if they want to further their career Employees can control their own destiny based on personal desires Employee already knows how the business operates Companies can save money by promoting internally because the initial overhead of allowing new hires to learn how a company operates is very expensive Newly promoted employees can assist in training their replacements while transitioning to their new role within a company. Existing employees already have a proven track record in regards fitting in with the business culture; this is always an unknown with all new hires Benefits of a New Hire New employees can energize and excite existing employees New employees can bring new ideas and advancements in technology New employees can offer a different perspective on existing issues based on their past experience. As you can see the decision to promote an existing employee from within a company verses hiring a new person should be based on several factors that should ultimately place the business in the best possible situation for the immediate and long term future. How would you handle this situation? Would you hire a new employee or promote from within?

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Impressions and Reactions from Alliance 2012

- by user739873

Alliance 2012 has come to a conclusion. What strikes me about every Alliance conference is the amazing amount of collaboration and cooperation I see across higher education in the sharing of best practices around the entire Oracle PeopleSoft software suite, not just the student information system (Oracle’s PeopleSoft Campus Solutions). In addition to the vibrant U.S. organization, it's gratifying to see the growth in the international attendance again this year, with an EMEA HEUG organizing to complement the existing groups in the Netherlands, South Africa, and the U.K. Their first meeting is planned for London in October, and I suspect they'll be surprised at the amount of interest and attendance. In my discussions with higher education IT and functional leadership at Alliance there were a number of instances where concern was expressed about Oracle's commitment to higher education as an industry, primarily because of a lack of perceived innovation in the applications that Oracle develops for this market. Here I think perception and reality are far apart, and I'd like to explain why I believe this to be true. First let me start with what I think drives this perception. Predominately it's in two areas. The first area is the user interface, both for students and faculty that interact with the system as "customers", and for those employees of the institution (faculty, staff, and sometimes students as well) that use the system in some kind of administrative role. Because the UI hasn't changed all that much from the PeopleSoft days, individuals perceive this as a dead product with little innovation and therefore Oracle isn't investing. The second area is around the integration of the higher education suite of applications (PeopleSoft Campus Solutions) and the rest of the Oracle software assets. Whether grown organically or acquired, there is an impressive array of middleware and other software products that could be leveraged much more significantly by the higher education applications than is currently the case today. This is also perceived as lack of investment. Let me address these two points. First the UI. More is being done here than ever before, and the PAG and other groups where this was discussed at Alliance 2012 were more numerous than I've seen in any past meeting. Whether it's Oracle development leveraging web services or some extremely early but very promising work leveraging the recent Endeca acquisition (see some cool examples here) there are a lot of resources aimed at this issue. There are also some amazing prototypes being developed by our UX (user experience team) that will eventually make their way into the higher education applications realm - they had an impressive setup at Alliance. Hopefully many of you that attended found this group. If not, the senior leader for that team Jeremy Ashley will be a significant contributor of content to our summer Industry Strategy Council meeting in Washington in June. In the area of integration with other elements of the Oracle stack, this is also an area of focus for the company and my team. We're making this a priority especially in the areas of identity management and security, leveraging WebCenter more effectively for content, imaging, and mobility, and driving towards the ultimate objective of WebLogic Suite as our platform for SOA, links to learning management systems (SAIP), and content. There is also much work around business intelligence centering on OBI applications. But at the end of the day we get enormous value from the HEUG (higher education user group) and the various subgroups formed as a part of this community that help us align and prioritize our investments, whether it's around better integration with other Oracle products or integration with partner offerings. It's one of the healthiest, mutually beneficial relationships between customers and an Education IT concern that exists on the globe. And I can't avoid mentioning that this kind of relationship between higher education and the corporate IT community that can truly address the problems of efficiency and effectiveness, institutional excellence (which starts with IT) and student success. It's not (in my opinion) going to be solved through community source - cost and complexity only increase in that model and in the end higher education doesn't ultimately focus on core competencies: educating, developing, and researching. While I agree with some of what Michael A. McRobbie wrote in his EDUCAUSE Review article (Information Technology: A View from Both Sides of the President’s Desk), I take strong issue with his assertion that the "the IT marketplace is just the opposite of long-term stability...." Sure there has been healthy, creative destruction in the past 2-3 decades, but this has had the effect of, in the aggregate, benefiting education with greater efficiency, more innovation and increased stability as larger, more financially secure firms acquire and develop integrated solutions. Cole

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Web Services Example - Part 2: Programmatic

- by Denis T

In this edition of the ADF Mobile blog we'll tackle part 2 of our Web Service examples. In this posting we'll take a look at using a SOAP Web Service but calling it programmatically in code and parsing the return into a bean. Getting the sample code: Just click here to download a zip of the entire project. You can unzip it and load it into JDeveloper and deploy it either to iOS or Android. Please follow the previous blog posts if you need help getting JDeveloper or ADF Mobile installed. Note: This is a different workspace than WS-Part1 Defining our Web Service: Just like our first installment, we are using the same public weather forecast web service provided free by CDYNE Corporation. Sometimes this service goes down so please ensure you know it's up before reporting this example isn't working. We're going to concentrate on the same two web service methods, GetCityForecastByZIP and GetWeatherInformation. Defing the Application: The application setup is identical to the Weather1 version. There are some improvements to the data that is displayed as part of this example though. Now we are able to show the associated image along with each forecast line when using the Forecast By Zip feature. We've also added the temperature Hi/Low values into the UI. Summary of Fundamental Changes In This Application The most fundamental change is that we're binding the UI to the Bean Data Controls instead of directly to the Web Service Data Controls. This gives us much more flexibility to control the shape of the data and allows us to do caching of the data outside of the Web Service. This way if your application is, say offline, your bean could still populate with data from a local cache and still show you some UI as opposed to completely failing because you don't have any connectivity. In general we promote this type of programming technique with ADF Mobile to insulate your application from any issues with network connectivity. What's different with this example? We have setup the Web Service DC the same way but now we have managed beans to process the data. The following classes define the "Model" of our application: CityInformation-CityForecast-Forecast, WeatherInformation-WeatherDescription. We use WeatherBean for UI interaction to the model layer. If you look through this example, we don't really do that much with the java code except use it to grab the image URL from the weather description. In a more realistic example, you might be using some JDBC classes to persist the data to a local database. To have a good architecture it is always good to keep your model and UI layers separate. This gets muddied if you start to use bindings on a page invoked from Java code and this java code starts to become your "model" layer. Since bindings are page specific, your model layer starts to become entwined with your UI. Not good! To help with this, we've added some utility functions that let you invoke DC methods without having a binding and thus execute methods from your "model" layer without requiring a binding in your page definition. We do this with the invokeDataControlMethod of the AdfmfJavaUtilities class. An example of this method call is available in line 95 of WeatherInformation.java and line 93 of CityInformation.Java. What's a GenericType? Because Web Service Data Controls (and also URL Data Controls AKA REST) use generic name/value pairs to define their structure and don't have strongly typed objects, these are actually stored internally as GenericType objects. The GenericType class is simply a property map of name/value pairs that can be hierarchical. There are methods like getAttribute where you supply the index of the attribute or it's string property name. Why is this important to know? Because invokeDataControlMethod returns GenericType objects and developers either need to parse these GenericType objects themselves or use one of our helper functions. GenericTypeBeanSerializationHelper This class does exactly what it's name implies. It's a helper class for developers to aid in serialization of GenericTypes to/from java objects. This is extremely handy if you have a large GenericType object with many attributes (or you're just lazy like me!) and you just want to parse it out into a real java object you can use more easily. Here you would use the fromGenericType method. This method takes the class of the Java object you wish to return and the GenericType as parameters. The method then parses through each attribute in the GenericType and uses reflection to set that same attribute in the Java class. Then the method returns that new object of the class you specified. This is obviously very handy to avoid a lot of shuffling code between GenericType and your own Java classes. The reverse method, toGenericType is also available when you want to go the other way. In this case you supply the string that represents the package location in the DataControl definition (Example: "MyDC.myParams.MyCollection") and then pass in the Java object you have that holds the data and a GenericType is returned to you. Again, it will use reflection to calculate the attributes that match between the java class and the GenericType and call the getters/setters on those. Issues and Possible Improvements: In the next installment we'll show you how to make your web service calls asynchronously so your UI will fill dynamically when the service call returns but in the meantime you show the data you have locally in your bean fed from some local cache. This gives your users instant delivery of some data while you fetch other data in the background.

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Speakers, Please Check Your Time

- by AjarnMark

Woodrow Wilson was once asked how long it would take him to prepare for a 10 minute speech. He replied "Two weeks". He was then asked how long it would take for a 1 hour speech. "One week", he replied. 2 hour speech? "I'm ready right now," he replied. Whether that is a true story or an urban legend, I don’t really know, but either way, it is a poignant reminder for all speakers, and particularly apropos this week leading up to the PASS Community Summit. (Cross-posted to the PASS Professional Development Virtual Chapter blog #PASSProfDev.) What’s the point of that story? Simply this…if you have plenty of time to do your presentation, you don’t need to prepare much because it is easy to throw in more and more material to stretch out to your allotted time. But if you are on a tight time constraint, then it will take significant preparation to distill your talk down to only the essential points. I have attended seven of the last eight North American Summit events, and every one of them has been fantastic. The speakers are great, the material is timely and relevant, and the networking opportunities are awesome. And every year, there is one little thing that just bugs me…speakers going over their allotted time. Why does it bother me so? Well, if you look at a typical schedule for a Summit, you’ll see that there are six or more sessions going on at the same time, and only 15 minutes to move from one to another. If you’re trying to maximize your training dollar by attending something during every session time slot, and you don’t want to be the last guy trying to squeeze into the middle of the row, then those 15 minutes can be critical. All the more so if you need to stop and use the bathroom or if you have to hike to the opposite end of the convention center. It is really a bad position to find yourself having to choose between learning the last key points of Speaker A who is going over time, and getting over to Speaker B on time so you don’t miss her key opening remarks. And frankly, I think it is just rude. Yes, the speakers are the function, after all they are bringing the content that the rest of us are paying to learn. But it is also an honor to be given the opportunity to speak at a conference like this, and no one speaker is so important that the conference would be a disaster without him. Speakers know when they submit their abstract, long before the conference, how much time they will have. It has been the same pattern at the Summit for at least the last eight years. Program Sessions are 75 minutes long. Some speakers who have a good track record, and meet other qualifying criteria, are extended an invitation to present a Spotlight Session which is 90 minutes (a 20% increase). So there really is no excuse. It’s not like you were promised a 2-hour segment and then discovered when you got here that it was only 75 minutes. In fact, it’s not like PASS advertised 90-minute sessions for everyone and then a select few were cut back to only 75. As a speaker, you know well before you get here which type of session you are doing and how long it is, so as a professional, you should plan accordingly. Now you might think that this only happens to rookies, but I’ll tell you that some of the worst offenders are big-name veterans who draw huge attendance numbers for their sessions. Some attendees blow this off as, “Hey, it’s so-and-so, and I’d stay here for hours and listen to him/her talk.” To which I would reply, “Then they should have submitted for a pre- or post-conference day-long seminar instead, but don’t try to squeeze your day-long talk into a 90-minute session.” Now I don’t really believe that these speakers are being malicious or just selfishly trying to extend their time in the spotlight. I think that most of them are merely being undisciplined and did not trim their presentation sufficiently, or allowed themselves to get off-track (often in a generous attempt to help someone in the audience with a question or problem that really should have been noted for further discussion after the session). So here is my recommendation…my plea, even. TRIM THE FAT! Now. Before it’s too late. Before you even get on the airplane, take a long, hard look at your presentation and eliminate some of the points that you originally thought you had to make, but in reality are not truly crucial to your main topic. Delete a few slides. Test your demos and have them already scripted rather than typing them during your talk. It is better to cut out too much and end up with plenty of time at the end for Questions & Answers. And you can always keep some notes on the stuff that you cut out so that you could fill it back in at the end as bonus material if you really do end up with a whole bunch of time on your hands. But I don’t think you will. And if you do, that will look even better to the audience as it will look like you’re giving them something extra that not every audience gets. And they will thank you for that.

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Thinking differently about BI delivery

- by jamiet

My day job involves implementing Business Intelligence (BI) solutions which, as I have said before, is simply about giving people the information they need to do their jobs. I’m always interested in learning about new ways of achieving that aim and that is my motivation for writing blog entries that are not concerned with SQL or SQL Server per se. Implementing BI systems usually involves hacking together a bunch third party products with some in-house “glue” and delivering information using some shiny, expensive web-based front-end tool; the list of vendors that supply such tools is big and ever-growing. No doubt these tools have their place and of late I have started to wonder whether they can be supplemented with different ways of delivering information. The problem I have with these separate web-based tools is exactly that – they are separate web-based tools. What’s the problem with that you might ask? I’ll explain! They force the information worker to go somewhere unfamiliar in order to get the information they need to do their jobs. Would it not be better if we could deliver information into the tools that those information workers are already using and not force them to go somewhere else? I look at the rise of blogging over recent years and I realise that what made them popular is that people can subscribe to RSS feeds and have information pushed to them in their tool of choice rather than them having to go and find the information for themselves in a tool that has been foisted upon them. Would it not be a good idea to adopt the principle of subscription for the benefit of delivering BI information as well? I think it would and in the rest of this blog entry I’ll outline such a scenario where the power of subscription could be used to enhance the delivery of information to information workers. Typical questions that information workers ask might be: What are my year-on-year sales figures? What was my footfall yesterday? How many widgets have I sold so far today? Each of those questions includes a time element and that shouldn’t surprise us, any BI system that I have worked on includes the dimension of time. Now, what do people use to view and organise their time-oriented information? Its not a trick question, they use a calendar and in the enterprise space more often than not that calendar is managed using Outlook. Given then that information workers are already looking at their calendar in Outlook anyway would it not make sense then to deliver information into that same calendar? Of course it would. Calendars are a great way of visualising information such as sales figures. Observe: Just in this single screenshot I have managed to convey a multitude of information. The information worker can see, at a glance, information about hourly/daily/weekly/monthly sales and, moreover, he/she is viewing that information right inside the tool that they use every day. There is no effort on the part of him/her, the information just appears hour after hour, day after day. Taking the idea further, each one of those calendar items could be a mini-dashboard in its own right. Double-clicking on an item could show a plethora of other information about that time slot such as breaking the sales down per region or year-over-year comparisons. Perhaps the title could employ a sparkline? Loads of possibilities. The point is that calendars are a completely natural way to visualise information; we should make more use of them! The real beauty of delivering information using calendars for us BI developers is that it should be so easy. In the case of Outlook we don’t need to write complicated VBA code that can go and manipulate a person’s calendar, simply publishing data in a format that Outlook can understand is sufficient and happily such formats already exist; iCalendar is the accepted format and the even more flexible xCalendar is hopefully on its way as well. I’d like to make one last point and this one is with my SQL Server hat on. Reporting Services 2008 R2 introduced the ability to publish data as subscribable Atom feeds so it seems logical that it could also be a vehicle for delivering calendar feeds too. If you think this would be a good idea go and vote for it at Publish data as iCalendar feeds and please please please add some comments (especially if you vote it down). Work smarter, not harder! @Jamiet Share this post: email it! | bookmark it! | digg it! | reddit! | kick it! | live it!

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Different Not Automatically Implies Better

- by Alois Kraus

Originally posted on: http://geekswithblogs.net/akraus1/archive/2013/11/05/154556.aspxRecently I was digging deeper why some WCF hosted workflow application did consume quite a lot of memory although it did basically only load a xaml workflow. The first tool of choice is Process Explorer or even better Process Hacker (has more options and the best feature copy&paste does work). The three most important numbers of a process with regards to memory are Working Set, Private Working Set and Private Bytes. Working set is the currently consumed physical memory (parts can be shared between processes e.g. loaded dlls which are read only) Private Working Set is the physical memory needed by this process which is not shareable Private Bytes is the number of non shareable which is only visible in the current process (e.g. all new, malloc, VirtualAlloc calls do create private bytes) When you have a bigger workflow it can consume under 64 bit easily 500MB for a 1-2 MB xaml file. This does not look very scalable. Under 64 bit the issue is excessive private bytes consumption and not the managed heap. The picture is quite different for 32 bit which looks a bit strange but it seems that the hosted VB compiler is a lot less memory hungry under 32 bit. I did try to repro the issue with a medium sized xaml file (400KB) which does contain 1000 variables and 1000 if which can be represented by C# code like this: string Var1; string Var2; ... string Var1000; if (!String.IsNullOrEmpty(Var1) ) { Console.WriteLine(“Var1”); } if (!String.IsNullOrEmpty(Var2) ) { Console.WriteLine(“Var2”); } .... Since WF is based on VB.NET expressions you are bound to the hosted VB.NET compiler which does result in (x64) 140 MB of private bytes which is ca. 140 KB for each if clause which is quite a lot if you think about the actually present functionality. But there is hope. .NET 4.5 does allow now C# expressions for WF which is a major step forward for all C# lovers. I did create some simple patcher to “cross compile” my xaml to C# expressions. Lets look at the result: C# Expressions VB Expressions x86 x86 On my home machine I have only 32 bit which gives you quite exactly half of the memory consumption under 64 bit. C# expressions are 10 times more memory hungry than VB.NET expressions! I wanted to do more with less memory but instead it did consume a magnitude more memory. That is surprising to say the least. The workflow does initialize in about the same time under x64 and x86 where the VB code does it in 2s whereas the C# version needs 18s. Also nearly ten times slower. That is a too high price to pay for any bigger sized xaml workflow to convert from VB.NET to C# expressions. If I do reduce the number of expressions to 500 then it does need 400MB which is about half of the memory. It seems that the cost per if does rise linear with the number of total expressions in a xaml workflow. Expression Language Cost per IF Startup Time C# 1000 Ifs x64 1,5 MB 18s C# 500 Ifs x64 750 KB 9s VB 1000 Ifs x64 140 KB 2s VB 500 Ifs x64 70 KB 1s Now we can directly compare two MS implementations. It is clear that the VB.NET compiler uses the same underlying structure but it has much higher offset compared to the highly inefficient C# expression compiler. I have filed a connect bug here with a harsher wording about recent advances in memory consumption. The funniest thing is that one MS employee did give an Azure AppFabric demo around early 2011 which was so slow that he needed to investigate with xperf. He was after startup time and the call stacks with regards to VB.NET expression compilation were remarkably similar. In fact I only found this post by googling for parts of my call stacks. … “C# expressions will be coming soon to WF, and that will have different performance characteristics than VB” … What did he know Jan 2011 what I did no know until today? ;-). He knew that C# expression will come but that they will not be automatically have better footprint. It is about time to fix that. In its current state C# expressions are not usable for bigger workflows. That also explains the headline for today. You can cheat startup time by prestarting workflows so that the demo looks nice and snappy but it does hurt scalability a lot since you do need much more memory than necessary. I did find the stacks by enabling virtual allocation tracking within XPerf which is still the best tool out there. But first you need to look at your process to check where the memory is hiding: For the C# Expression compiler you do not need xperf. You can directly dump the managed heap and check with a profiler of your choice. But if the allocations are happening on the Private Data ( VirtualAlloc ) you can find it with xperf. There is a nice video on channel 9 explaining VirtualAlloc tracking it in greater detail. If your data allocations are on the Heap it does mean that the C/C++ runtime did create a heap for you where all malloc, new calls do allocate from it. You can enable heap tracing with xperf and full call stack support as well which is doable via xperf like it is shown also on channel 9. Or you can use WPRUI directly: To make “Heap Usage” it work you need to set for your executable the tracing flags (before you start it). For example devenv.exe HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\Image File Execution Options\devenv.exe DWORD TracingFlags 1 Do not forget to disable it after you did complete profiling the process or it will impact the startup time quite a lot. You can with xperf attach directly to a running process and collect heap allocation information from a gone wild process. Very handy if you need to find out what a process was doing which has arrived in a funny state. “VirtualAlloc usage” does work without explicitly enabling stuff for a specific process and is always on machine wide. I had issues on my Windows 7 machines with the call stack collection and the latest Windows 8.1 Performance Toolkit. I was told that WPA from Windows 8.0 should work fine but I do not want to downgrade.

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Lesi, from Graduate Trainee to Territory Manager

- by Maria Sandu

Normal 0 false false false EN-US X-NONE X-NONE MicrosoftInternetExplorer4 It’s the final year, University is now coming to an end. A new chapter now awaits my arrival. This part of my life is called “Looking for a Job”. With no form of experience whatsoever, getting a job at a well renowned IT company is something that every IT student dreams about. CV: v, Application form: v, interviews: v. Acceptance Call, “Lesi I’m pleased to inform you that you have been accepted to be part of the Oracle Graduate Program for 2012”. Life would never again be the same. Being Part of the Graduate Program Going into the Graduate program, I felt like a baby seeing candy for the first time. The Program gave me the platform to not only break in to the workplace but also to help launch my career. Over the next 3 months, I went through various trainings / workshops / events / coaching / mentorship sessions. Like a construction worker building a solid foundation for a beautifully designed architecture, a clear path to build my career was set. With training out the way, it was now time to start working closely with my team. For the rest of the year, it was all about selling. Sales, Pipeline, Forecasting and numbers soon became the common words in my career. As the saying goes, “once a sales man, always a sales man”. There was no turning back now, a career in sales was the new hustle in my life. I worked closely with my mentor & coach (Ibrahim) who was heading up Zambia and Malawi. This was to be one of my best moments in the program as I started engaging with customers and getting some hands on experience in the field. By the end of the program all the experience, hard work, training and resources came in handy as I was now ready and fully groomed to be a sales rep. Life after the Graduate Program I’m proud to say that now I’m a Territory Manager, heading up Malawi, selling Technology, Middleware & Applications across all industries. I’m part of the Transition Cluster Team, a powerful team headed by the seasoned Senior Director. As a Territory Manager my role is to push for coverage, to penetrate the market by selling Oracle from end- to- end to all accounts in Malawi. I now spend my days living out of a suitcase, moving from hotel to hotel, chasing after business in all areas of Malawi. It’s the life of a Sales Man and I’m enjoying every minute of it. I’m truly fortunate and grateful to have been part of such a wonderful graduate program. I owe my Sales career to the graduate program, and I truly hope that the program will continue to develop and to groom new talent amongst the youth of this world. If you're interested in joining the Graduate Program in South Africa keep an eye on our CampusatOracle Facebook Page page to get the latest updates! /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Table Normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-qformat:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; mso-para-margin-top:0in; mso-para-margin-right:0in; mso-para-margin-bottom:10.0pt; mso-para-margin-left:0in; line-height:115%; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;}

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Some Early Considerations

- by Chris Massey

Following on from my previous post, I want to say "thank you" to everyone who has got in touch and got involved – you are pioneers! An update on where we are right now: paper prototypes v1 To be more specific, we’ve picked two of the ideas that seem to have more pros than cons, turned them into Balsamiq mockups, and are getting them fleshed out with realistic content. We’ll initially make these available to the aforementioned pioneers (thank you again), roll in the feedback, and then open up to get more data on what works and what doesn’t. If you’ve got any questions about this (or what we’re working on right now), feel free to ask me in the comments below. I’ve had a few people express an interest in the process we’re going through, and I’m more than happy to share details more frequently as we go along – not least because you, dear reader, will help us stay on target and create something Good. To start with, here’s a quick flashback to bring you all up to speed. A Brief Retrospective As you may already know, we’re creating a new publishing asset specifically focused on providing great content for web developers. We don’t yet know exactly what this thing will look like, or exactly how it will work, but we know we want to create something that is useful different. For my part, I’m seriously excited at the prospect of building a genuinely digital publishing system (as opposed to what most publishing is these days, which is print-style publishing which just happens to be on the web). The main challenge at this point is working out our build-measure-assess loop to speed up our experimental turn-around, and that’ll get better as we run more trials. Of course, there are a few things we’ve been pondering at this early conceptual stage: Do we publishing about heterogeneous technology stacks from day 1, or do we start with ASP.NET (which we’re familiar with) & branch out later? There are challenges with either approach. What publishing "modes" are already being well-handled? For example, the likes of Pluralsight, TekPub, and Treehouse have pretty much nailed video training (debate about price, if you like), and unless we think we can do it faster / better / cheaper (unlikely, for the record), we should leave them to it. Where should we base whatever we create? Should we create a completely new asset under a new name, graft something onto Simple-Talk (like the labs), or just build something directly into Simple-Talk? It sounds trivial, but it does have at least some impact on infrastructure and what how we manage the different types of content we (will) have. Are there any obvious problems or niches that we think could address really well, or should we just throw ideas out and see what readers respond to? What kind of users do we want to provide for? This actually deserves a little bit of unpacking… Why are you here? We currently divide readers into (broadly) the categories: Category 1: I know nothing about X, and I’d like to learn about it. Category 2: I know something about X, but I’d like to learn how to do something specific with it. Category 3: Ah man, I have a problem with X, and I need to fix it now. Now that I think about it, I might also include a 4th class of reader: Category 4: I’m looking for something interesting to engage my brain. These are clearly task-based categorizations, and depending on which task you’re performing when you arrive here, you’re going to need different types of content, or will have specific discovery needs. One of the questions that’s at the back of my mind whenever I consider a new idea is “How many of the categories will this satisfy?” As an example, typical video training is very well suited to categories 1, 2, and 4. StackOverflow is very well suited to category 3, and serves as a sign-posting system to the rest. Clearly it’s not necessary to satisfy every category need to be useful and popular, but being aware of what behavior readers might be exhibiting when they arrive will help us tune our ideas appropriately. < / Flashback > We don’t have clean answers to most of these considerations – they’re things we’re aware of, and each idea we look at is going to be best suited to a different mix of the options I’ve described. Our first experimental loop will be coming full circle in the next few days, so we should start to see how the different possibilities vary between ideas. Free to chime in with questions and suggestions about anything I’ve just brain-dumped, or at any stage as we go along. If you see anything that intrigued or enrages you, or just have an idea you’d like to share, I’d love to hear from you.

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How to Hashtag (Without Being #Annoying)

- by Mike Stiles

The right tool in the wrong hands can be a dangerous thing. Giving a chimpanzee a chain saw would not be a pretty picture. And putting Twitter hashtags in the hands of social marketers who were never really sure how to use them can be equally unattractive. Boiled down, hashtags are for search and organization of tweets. A notch up from that, they can also be used as part of a marketing strategy. In terms of search, if you’re in the organic apple business, you want anyone who searches “organic” on Twitter to see your posts about your apples. It’s keyword tactics not unlike web site keyword search tactics. So get a clear idea of what keywords are relevant for your tweet. It’s reasonable to include #organic in your tweet. Is it fatal if you don’t hashtag the word? It depends on the person searching. If they search “organic,” your tweet’s going to come up even if you didn’t put the hashtag in front of it. If the searcher enters “#organic,” your tweet needs the hashtag. Err on the side of caution and hashtag it so it comes up no matter how the searcher enters it. You’ll also want to hashtag it for the second big reason people hashtag, organization. You can follow a hashtag. So can the rest of the Twitterverse. If you’re that into organic munchies, you can set up a stream populated only with tweets hashtagged #organic. If you’ve established a hashtag for your brand, like #nobugsprayapples, you (and everyone else) can watch what people are tweeting about your company. So what kind of hashtags should you include? They should be directly related to the core message of your tweet. Ancillary or very loosely-related hashtags = annoying. Hashtagging your brand makes sense. Hashtagging your core area of interest makes sense. Creating a specific event or campaign hashtag you want others to include and spread makes sense (the burden is on you to promote it and get it going). Hashtagging nearly every word in the tweet is highly annoying. Far and away, the majority of hashtagged words in such tweets have no relevance, are not terms that would be searched, and are not terms needed for categorization. It looks desperate and spammy. Two is fine. One is better. And it is possible to tweet with --gasp-- no hashtags! Make your hashtags as short as you can. In fact, if your brand’s name really is #nobugsprayapples, you’re burning up valuable, limited characters and risking the inability of others to retweet with added comments. Also try to narrow your topic hashtag down. You’ll find a lot of relevant users with #organic, but a lot of totally uninterested users with #food. Just as you can join online forums and gain credibility and a reputation by contributing regularly to that forum, you can follow hashtagged topics and gain the same kind of credibility in your area of expertise. Don’t just parachute in for the occasional marketing message. And if you’re constantly retweeting one particular person, stop it. It’s kissing up and it’s obvious. Which brings us to the king of hashtag annoyances, “hashjacking.” This is when you see what terms are hot and include them in your marketing tweet as a hashtag, even though it’s unrelated to your content. Justify it all you want, but #justinbieber has nothing to do with your organic apples. Equally annoying, piggybacking on a popular event’s hashtag to tweet something not connected to the event. You’re only fostering ill will and mistrust toward your account from the people you’ve tricked into seeing your tweet. Lastly, don’t @ mention people just to make sure they see your tweet. If the tweet’s not for them or about them, it’s spammy. What I haven’t covered is use of the hashtag for comedy’s sake. You’ll see this a lot and is a matter of personal taste. No one will search these hashtagged terms or need to categorize then, they’re just there for self-expression and laughs. Twitter is, after all, supposed to be fun. What are some of your biggest Twitter pet peeves? #blogsovernow

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Data Source Security Part 1

- by Steve Felts

I’ve written a couple of articles on how to store data source security credentials using the Oracle wallet. I plan to write a few articles on the various types of security available to WebLogic Server (WLS) data sources. There are more options than you might think! There have been several enhancements in this area in WLS 10.3.6. There are a couple of more enhancements planned for release WLS 12.1.2 that I will include here for completeness. This isn’t intended as a teaser. If you call your Oracle support person, you can get them now as minor patches to WLS 10.3.6. The current security documentation is scattered in a few places, has a few incorrect statements, and is missing a few topics. It also seems that the knowledge of how to apply some of these features isn’t written down. The goal of these articles is to talk about WLS data source security in a unified way and to introduce some approaches to using the available features. Introduction to WebLogic Data Source Security Options By default, you define a single database user and password for a data source. You can store it in the data source descriptor or make use of the Oracle wallet. This is a very simple and efficient approach to security. All of the connections in the connection pool are owned by this user and there is no special processing when a connection is given out. That is, it’s a homogeneous connection pool and any request can get any connection from a security perspective (there are other aspects like affinity). Regardless of the end user of the application, all connections in the pool use the same security credentials to access the DBMS. No additional information is needed when you get a connection because it’s all available from the data source descriptor (or wallet). java.sql.Connection conn = mydatasource.getConnection(); Note: You can enter the password as a name-value pair in the Properties field (this not permitted for production environments) or you can enter it in the Password field of the data source descriptor. The value in the Password field overrides any password value defined in the Properties passed to the JDBC Driver when creating physical database connections. It is recommended that you use the Password attribute in place of the password property in the properties string because the Password value is encrypted in the configuration file (stored as the password-encrypted attribute in the jdbc-driver-params tag in the module file) and is hidden in the administration console. The Properties and Password fields are located on the administration console Data Source creation wizard or Data Source Configuration tab. The JDBC API can also be used to programmatically specify a database user name and password as in the following. java.sql.Connection conn = mydatasource.getConnection(“user”, “password”); According to the JDBC specification, it’s supposed to take a database user and associated password but different vendors implement this differently. WLS, by default, treats this as an application server user and password. The pair is authenticated to see if it’s a valid user and that user is used for WLS security permission checks. By default, the user is then mapped to a database user and password using the data source credential mapper, so this API sort of follows the specification but database credentials are one-step removed from the application code. More details and the rationale are described later. While the default approach is simple, it does mean that only one database user is doing all of the work. You can’t figure out who actually did the update and you can’t restrict SQL operations by who is running the operation, at least at the database level. Any type of per-user logic will need to be in the application code instead of having the database do it. There are various WLS data source features that can be configured to provide some per-user information about the operations to the database. WebLogic Data Source Security Options This table describes the features available for WebLogic data sources to configure database security credentials and a brief description. It also captures information about the compatibility of these features with one another. Feature Description Can be used with Can’t be used with User authentication (default) Default getConnection(user, password) behavior – validate the input and use the user/password in the descriptor. Set client identifier Proxy Session, Identity pooling, Use database credentials Use database credentials Instead of using the credential mapper, use the supplied user and password directly. Set client identifier, Proxy session, Identity pooling User authentication, Multi Data Source Set Client Identifier Set a client identifier property associated with the connection (Oracle and DB2 only). Everything Proxy Session Set a light-weight proxy user associated with the connection (Oracle-only). Set client identifier, Use database credentials Identity pooling, User authentication Identity pooling Heterogeneous pool of connections owned by specified users. Set client identifier, Use database credentials Proxy session, User authentication, Labeling, Multi-datasource, Active GridLink Note that all of these features are available with both XA and non-XA drivers. Currently, the Proxy Session and Use Database Credentials options are on the Oracle tab of the Data Source Configuration tab of the administration console (even though the Use Database Credentials feature is not just for Oracle databases – oops). The rest of the features are on the Identity tab of the Data Source Configuration tab in the administration console (plan on seeing them all in one place in the future). The subsequent articles will describe these features in more detail. Keep referring back to this table to see the big picture.

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Scripting with the Sun ZFS Storage 7000 Appliance

- by Geoff Ongley

The Sun ZFS Storage 7000 appliance has a user friendly and easy to understand graphical web based interface we call the "BUI" or "Browser User Interface".This interface is very useful for many tasks, but in some cases a script (or workflow) may be more appropriate, such as:Repetitive tasksTasks which work on (or obtain information about) a large number of shares or usersTasks which are triggered by an alert threshold (workflows)Tasks where you want a only very basic input, but a consistent output (workflows)The appliance scripting language is based on ECMAscript 3 (close to javascript). I'm not going to cover ECMAscript 3 in great depth (I'm far from an expert here), but I would like to show you some neat things you can do with the appliance, to get you started based on what I have found from my own playing around.I'm making the assumption you have some sort of programming background, and understand variables, arrays, functions to some extent - but of course if something is not clear, please let me know so I can fix it up or clarify it.Variable Declarations and ArraysVariablesECMAScript is a dynamically and weakly typed language. If you don't know what that means, google is your friend - but at a high level it means we can just declare variables with no specific type and on the fly.For example, I can declare a variable and use it straight away in the middle of my code, for example:projects=list();Which makes projects an array of values that are returned from the list(); function (which is usable in most contexts). With this kind of variable, I can do things like:projects.length (this property on array tells you how many objects are in it, good for for loops etc). Alternatively, I could say:projects=3;and now projects is just a simple number.Should we declare variables like this so loosely? In my opinion, the answer is no - I feel it is a better practice to declare variables you are going to use, before you use them - and given them an initial value. You can do so as follows:var myVariable=0;To demonstrate the ability to just randomly assign and change the type of variables, you can create a simple script at the cli as follows (bold for input):fishy10:> script("." to run)> run("cd /");("." to run)> run ("shares");("." to run)> var projects;("." to run)> projects=list();("." to run)> printf("Number of projects is: %d\n",projects.length);("." to run)> projects=152;("." to run)> printf("Value of the projects variable as an integer is now: %d\n",projects);("." to run)> .Number of projects is: 7Value of the projects variable as an integer is now: 152You can also confirm this behaviour by checking the typeof variable we are dealing with:fishy10:> script("." to run)> run("cd /");("." to run)> run ("shares");("." to run)> var projects;("." to run)> projects=list();("." to run)> printf("var projects is of type %s\n",typeof(projects));("." to run)> projects=152;("." to run)> printf("var projects is of type %s\n",typeof(projects));("." to run)> .var projects is of type objectvar projects is of type numberArraysSo you likely noticed that we have already touched on arrays, as the list(); (in the shares context) stored an array into the 'projects' variable.But what if you want to declare your own array? Easy! This is very similar to Java and other languages, we just instantiate a brand new "Array" object using the keyword new:var myArray = new Array();will create an array called "myArray".A quick example:fishy10:> script("." to run)> testArray = new Array();("." to run)> testArray[0]="This";("." to run)> testArray[1]="is";("." to run)> testArray[2]="just";("." to run)> testArray[3]="a";("." to run)> testArray[4]="test";("." to run)> for (i=0; i < testArray.length; i++)("." to run)> {("." to run)> printf("Array element %d is %s\n",i,testArray[i]);("." to run)> }("." to run)> .Array element 0 is ThisArray element 1 is isArray element 2 is justArray element 3 is aArray element 4 is testWorking With LoopsFor LoopFor loops are very similar to those you will see in C, java and several other languages. One of the key differences here is, as you were made aware earlier, we can be a bit more sloppy with our variable declarations.The general way you would likely use a for loop is as follows:for (variable; test-case; modifier for variable){}For example, you may wish to declare a variable i as 0; and a MAX_ITERATIONS variable to determine how many times this loop should repeat:var i=0;var MAX_ITERATIONS=10;And then, use this variable to be tested against some case existing (has i reached MAX_ITERATIONS? - if not, increment i using i++);for (i=0; i < MAX_ITERATIONS; i++){ // some work to do}So lets run something like this on the appliance:fishy10:> script("." to run)> var i=0;("." to run)> var MAX_ITERATIONS=10;("." to run)> for (i=0; i < MAX_ITERATIONS; i++)("." to run)> {("." to run)> printf("The number is %d\n",i);("." to run)> }("." to run)> .The number is 0The number is 1The number is 2The number is 3The number is 4The number is 5The number is 6The number is 7The number is 8The number is 9While LoopWhile loops again are very similar to other languages, we loop "while" a condition is met. For example:fishy10:> script("." to run)> var isTen=false;("." to run)> var counter=0;("." to run)> while(isTen==false)("." to run)> {("." to run)> if (counter==10) ("." to run)> { ("." to run)> isTen=true; ("." to run)> } ("." to run)> printf("Counter is %d\n",counter);("." to run)> counter++; ("." to run)> }("." to run)> printf("Loop has ended and Counter is %d\n",counter);("." to run)> .Counter is 0Counter is 1Counter is 2Counter is 3Counter is 4Counter is 5Counter is 6Counter is 7Counter is 8Counter is 9Counter is 10Loop has ended and Counter is 11So what do we notice here? Something has actually gone wrong - counter will technically be 11 once the loop completes... Why is this?Well, if we have a loop like this, where the 'while' condition that will end the loop may be set based on some other condition(s) existing (such as the counter has reached 10) - we must ensure that we terminate this iteration of the loop when the condition is met - otherwise the rest of the code will be followed which may not be desirable. In other words, like in other languages, we will only ever check the loop condition once we are ready to perform the next iteration, so any other code after we set "isTen" to be true, will still be executed as we can see it was above.We can avoid this by adding a break into our loop once we know we have set the condition - this will stop the rest of the logic being processed in this iteration (and as such, counter will not be incremented). So lets try that again:fishy10:> script("." to run)> var isTen=false;("." to run)> var counter=0;("." to run)> while(isTen==false)("." to run)> {("." to run)> if (counter==10) ("." to run)> { ("." to run)> isTen=true; ("." to run)> break;("." to run)> } ("." to run)> printf("Counter is %d\n",counter);("." to run)> counter++; ("." to run)> }("." to run)> printf("Loop has ended and Counter is %d\n", counter);("." to run)> .Counter is 0Counter is 1Counter is 2Counter is 3Counter is 4Counter is 5Counter is 6Counter is 7Counter is 8Counter is 9Loop has ended and Counter is 10Much better!Methods to Obtain and Manipulate DataGet MethodThe get method allows you to get simple properties from an object, for example a quota from a user. The syntax is fairly simple:var myVariable=get('property');An example of where you may wish to use this, is when you are getting a bunch of information about a user (such as quota information when in a shares context):var users=list();for(k=0; k < users.length; k++){ user=users[k]; run('select ' + user); var username=get('name'); var usage=get('usage'); var quota=get('quota');...Which you can then use to your advantage - to print or manipulate infomation (you could change a user's information with a set method, based on the information returned from the get method). The set method is explained next.Set MethodThe set method can be used in a simple manner, similar to get. The syntax for set is:set('property','value'); // where value is a string, if it was a number, you don't need quotesFor example, we could set the quota on a share as follows (first observing the initial value):fishy10:shares default/test-geoff> script("." to run)> var currentQuota=get('quota');("." to run)> printf("Current Quota is: %s\n",currentQuota);("." to run)> set('quota','30G');("." to run)> run('commit');("." to run)> currentQuota=get('quota');("." to run)> printf("Current Quota is: %s\n",currentQuota);("." to run)> .Current Quota is: 0Current Quota is: 32212254720This shows us using both the get and set methods as can be used in scripts, of course when only setting an individual share, the above is overkill - it would be much easier to set it manually at the cli using 'set quota=3G' and then 'commit'.List MethodThe list method can be very powerful, especially in more complex scripts which iterate over large amounts of data and manipulate it if so desired. The general way you will use list is as follows:var myVar=list();Which will make "myVar" an array, containing all the objects in the relevant context (this could be a list of users, shares, projects, etc). You can then gather or manipulate data very easily.We could list all the shares and mountpoints in a given project for example:fishy10:shares another-project> script("." to run)> var shares=list();("." to run)> for (i=0; i < shares.length; i++)("." to run)> {("." to run)> run('select ' + shares[i]);("." to run)> var mountpoint=get('mountpoint');("." to run)> printf("Share %s discovered, has mountpoint %s\n",shares[i],mountpoint);("." to run)> run('done');("." to run)> }("." to run)> .Share and-another discovered, has mountpoint /export/another-project/and-anotherShare another-share discovered, has mountpoint /export/another-project/another-shareShare bob discovered, has mountpoint /export/another-projectShare more-shares-for-all discovered, has mountpoint /export/another-project/more-shares-for-allShare yep discovered, has mountpoint /export/another-project/yepWriting More Complex and Re-Usable CodeFunctionsThe best way to be able to write more complex code is to use functions to split up repeatable or reusable sections of your code. This also makes your more complex code easier to read and understand for other programmers.We write functions as follows:function functionName(variable1,variable2,...,variableN){}For example, we could have a function that takes a project name as input, and lists shares for that project (assuming we're already in the 'project' context - context is important!):function getShares(proj){ run('select ' + proj); shares=list(); printf("Project: %s\n", proj); for(j=0; j < shares.length; j++) { printf("Discovered share: %s\n",shares[i]); } run('done'); // exit selected project}Commenting your CodeLike any other language, a large part of making it readable and understandable is to comment it. You can use the same comment style as in C and Java amongst other languages.In other words, sngle line comments use://at the beginning of the comment.Multi line comments use:/*at the beginning, and:*/ at the end.For example, here we will use both:fishy10:> script("." to run)> // This is a test comment("." to run)> printf("doing some work...\n");("." to run)> /* This is a multi-line("." to run)> comment which I will span across("." to run)> three lines in total */("." to run)> printf("doing some more work...\n");("." to run)> .doing some work...doing some more work...Your comments do not have to be on their own, they can begin (particularly with single line comments this is handy) at the end of a statement, for examplevar projects=list(); // The variable projects is an array containing all projects on the system.Try and Catch StatementsYou may be used to using try and catch statements in other languages, and they can (and should) be utilised in your code to catch expected or unexpected error conditions, that you do NOT wish to stop your code from executing (if you do not catch these errors, your script will exit!):try{ // do some work}catch(err) // Catch any error that could occur{ // do something here under the error condition}For example, you may wish to only execute some code if a context can be reached. If you can't perform certain actions under certain circumstances, that may be perfectly acceptable.For example if you want to test a condition that only makes sense when looking at a SMB/NFS share, but does not make sense when you hit an iscsi or FC LUN, you don't want to stop all processing of other shares you may not have covered yet.For example we may wish to obtain quota information on all shares for all users on a share (but this makes no sense for a LUN):function getShareQuota(shar) // Get quota for each user of this share{ run('select ' + shar); printf(" SHARE: %s\n", shar); try { run('users'); printf(" %20s %11s %11s %3s\n","Username","Usage(G)","Quota(G)","Quota(%)"); printf(" %20s %11s %11s %4s\n","--------","--------","--------","----"); users=list(); for(k=0; k < users.length; k++) { user=users[k]; getUserQuota(user); } run('done'); // exit user context } catch(err) { printf(" SKIPPING %s - This is NOT a NFS or CIFs share, not looking for users\n", shar); } run('done'); // done with this share}Running Scripts Remotely over SSHAs you have likely noticed, writing and running scripts for all but the simplest jobs directly on the appliance is not going to be a lot of fun.There's a couple of choices on what you can do here:Create scripts on a remote system and run them over sshCreate scripts, wrapping them in workflow code, so they are stored on the appliance and can be triggered under certain circumstances (like a threshold being reached)We'll cover the first one here, and then cover workflows later on (as these are for the most part just scripts with some wrapper information around them).Creating a SSH Public/Private SSH Key PairLog on to your handy Solaris box (You wouldn't be using any other OS, right? :P) and use ssh-keygen to create a pair of ssh keys. I'm storing this separate to my normal key:[geoff@lightning ~] ssh-keygen -t rsa -b 1024Generating public/private rsa key pair.Enter file in which to save the key (/export/home/geoff/.ssh/id_rsa): /export/home/geoff/.ssh/nas_key_rsaEnter passphrase (empty for no passphrase): Enter same passphrase again: Your identification has been saved in /export/home/geoff/.ssh/nas_key_rsa.Your public key has been saved in /export/home/geoff/.ssh/nas_key_rsa.pub.The key fingerprint is:7f:3d:53:f0:2a:5e:8b:2d:94:2a:55:77:66:5c:9b:14 geoff@lightningInstalling the Public Key on the ApplianceOn your Solaris host, observe the public key:[geoff@lightning ~] cat .ssh/nas_key_rsa.pub ssh-rsa AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAABIwAAAIEAvYfK3RIaAYmMHBOvyhKM41NaSmcgUMC3igPN5gUKJQvSnYmjuWG6CBr1CkF5UcDji7v19jG3qAD5lAMFn+L0CxgRr8TNaAU+hA4/tpAGkjm+dKYSyJgEdMIURweyyfUFXoerweR8AWW5xlovGKEWZTAfvJX9Zqvh8oMQ5UJLUUc= geoff@lightningNow, copy and paste everything after "ssh-rsa" and before "user@hostname" - in this case, geoff@lightning. That is, this bit:AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAABIwAAAIEAvYfK3RIaAYmMHBOvyhKM41NaSmcgUMC3igPN5gUKJQvSnYmjuWG6CBr1CkF5UcDji7v19jG3qAD5lAMFn+L0CxgRr8TNaAU+hA4/tpAGkjm+dKYSyJgEdMIURweyyfUFXoerweR8AWW5xlovGKEWZTAfvJX9Zqvh8oMQ5UJLUUc=Logon to your appliance and get into the preferences -> keys area for this user (root):[geoff@lightning ~] ssh [email protected]: Last login: Mon Dec 6 17:13:28 2010 from 192.168.0.2fishy10:> configuration usersfishy10:configuration users> select rootfishy10:configuration users root> preferences fishy10:configuration users root preferences> keysOR do it all in one hit:fishy10:> configuration users select root preferences keysNow, we create a new public key that will be accepted for this user and set the type to RSA:fishy10:configuration users root preferences keys> createfishy10:configuration users root preferences key (uncommitted)> set type=RSASet the key itself using the string copied previously (between ssh-rsa and user@host), and set the key ensuring you put double quotes around it (eg. set key="<key>"):fishy10:configuration users root preferences key (uncommitted)> set key="AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAABIwAAAIEAvYfK3RIaAYmMHBOvyhKM41NaSmcgUMC3igPN5gUKJQvSnYmjuWG6CBr1CkF5UcDji7v19jG3qAD5lAMFn+L0CxgRr8TNaAU+hA4/tpAGkjm+dKYSyJgEdMIURweyyfUFXoerweR8AWW5xlovGKEWZTAfvJX9Zqvh8oMQ5UJLUUc="Now set the comment for this key (do not use spaces):fishy10:configuration users root preferences key (uncommitted)> set comment="LightningRSAKey" Commit the new key:fishy10:configuration users root preferences key (uncommitted)> commitVerify the key is there:fishy10:configuration users root preferences keys> lsKeys:NAME MODIFIED TYPE COMMENT key-000 2010-10-25 20:56:42 RSA cycloneRSAKey key-001 2010-12-6 17:44:53 RSA LightningRSAKey As you can see, we now have my new key, and a previous key I have created on this appliance.Running your Script over SSH from a Remote SystemHere I have created a basic test script, and saved it as test.ecma3:[geoff@lightning ~] cat test.ecma3 script// This is a test script, By Geoff Ongley 2010.printf("Testing script remotely over ssh\n");.Now, we can run this script remotely with our keyless login:[geoff@lightning ~] ssh -i .ssh/nas_key_rsa root@fishy10 < test.ecma3Pseudo-terminal will not be allocated because stdin is not a terminal.Testing script remotely over sshPutting it Together - An Example Completed Quota Gathering ScriptSo now we have a lot of the basics to creating a script, let us do something useful, like, find out how much every user is using, on every share on the system (you will recognise some of the code from my previous examples): script/************************************** Quick and Dirty Quota Check script ** Written By Geoff Ongley ** 25 October 2010 **************************************/function getUserQuota(usr){ run('select ' + usr); var username=get('name'); var usage=get('usage'); var quota=get('quota'); var usage_g=usage / 1073741824; // convert bytes to gigabytes var quota_g=quota / 1073741824; // as above var quota_percent=0 if (quota > 0) { quota_percent=(usage / quota)*(100/1); } printf(" %20s %8.2f %8.2f %d%%\n",username,usage_g,quota_g,quota_percent); run('done'); // done with this selected user}function getShareQuota(shar){ //printf("DEBUG: selecting share %s\n", shar); run('select ' + shar); printf(" SHARE: %s\n", shar); try { run('users'); printf(" %20s %11s %11s %3s\n","Username","Usage(G)","Quota(G)","Quota(%)"); printf(" %20s %11s %11s %4s\n","--------","--------","--------","--------"); users=list(); for(k=0; k < users.length; k++) { user=users[k]; getUserQuota(user); } run('done'); // exit user context } catch(err) { printf(" SKIPPING %s - This is NOT a NFS or CIFs share, not looking for users\n", shar); } run('done'); // done with this share}function getShares(proj){ //printf("DEBUG: selecting project %s\n",proj); run('select ' + proj); shares=list(); printf("Project: %s\n", proj); for(j=0; j < shares.length; j++) { share=shares[j]; getShareQuota(share); } run('done'); // exit selected project}function getProjects(){ run('cd /'); run('shares'); projects=list(); for (i=0; i < projects.length; i++) { var project=projects[i]; getShares(project); } run('done'); // exit context for all projects}getProjects();.Which can be run as follows, and will print information like this:[geoff@lightning ~/FISHWORKS_SCRIPTS] ssh -i ~/.ssh/nas_key_rsa root@fishy10 < get_quota_utilisation.ecma3Pseudo-terminal will not be allocated because stdin is not a terminal.Project: another-project SHARE: and-another Username Usage(G) Quota(G) Quota(%) -------- -------- -------- -------- nobody 0.00 0.00 0% geoffro 0.05 0.00 0% Billy 0.10 0.00 0% root 0.00 0.00 0% testing-user 0.05 0.00 0% SHARE: another-share Username Usage(G) Quota(G) Quota(%) -------- -------- -------- -------- root 0.00 0.00 0% nobody 0.00 0.00 0% geoffro 0.05 0.49 9% testing-user 0.05 0.02 249% Billy 0.10 0.29 33% SHARE: bob Username Usage(G) Quota(G) Quota(%) -------- -------- -------- -------- nobody 0.00 0.00 0% root 0.00 0.00 0% SHARE: more-shares-for-all Username Usage(G) Quota(G) Quota(%) -------- -------- -------- -------- Billy 0.10 0.00 0% testing-user 0.05 0.00 0% nobody 0.00 0.00 0% root 0.00 0.00 0% geoffro 0.05 0.00 0% SHARE: yep Username Usage(G) Quota(G) Quota(%) -------- -------- -------- -------- root 0.00 0.00 0% nobody 0.00 0.00 0% Billy 0.10 0.01 999% testing-user 0.05 0.49 9% geoffro 0.05 0.00 0%Project: default SHARE: Test-LUN SKIPPING Test-LUN - This is NOT a NFS or CIFs share, not looking for users SHARE: test-geoff Username Usage(G) Quota(G) Quota(%) -------- -------- -------- -------- geoffro 0.05 0.00 0% root 3.18 10.00 31% uucp 0.00 0.00 0% nobody 0.59 0.49 119%^CKilled by signal 2.Creating a WorkflowWorkflows are scripts that we store on the appliance, and can have the script execute either on request (even from the BUI), or on an event such as a threshold being met.Workflow BasicsA workflow allows you to create a simple process that can be executed either via the BUI interface interactively, or by an alert being raised (for some threshold being reached, for example).The basics parameters you will have to set for your "workflow object" (notice you're creating a variable, that embodies ECMAScript) are as follows (parameters is optional):name: A name for this workflowdescription: A Description for the workflowparameters: A set of input parameters (useful when you need user input to execute the workflow)execute: The code, the script itself to execute, which will be function (parameters)With parameters, you can specify things like this (slightly modified sample taken from the System Administration Guide): ...parameters: variableParam1: { label: 'Name of Share', type: 'String' }, variableParam2 { label: 'Share Size', type: 'size' },execute: ....}; Note the commas separating the sections of name, parameters, execute, and so on. This is important!Also - there is plenty of properties you can set on the parameters for your workflow, these are described in the Sun ZFS Storage System Administration Guide.Creating a Basic Workflow from a Basic ScriptTo make a basic script into a basic workflow, you need to wrap the following around your script to create a 'workflow' object:var workflow = {name: 'Get User Quotas',description: 'Displays Quota Utilisation for each user on each share',execute: function() {// (basic script goes here, minus the "script" at the beginning, and "." at the end)}};However, it appears (at least in my experience to date) that the workflow object may only be happy with one function in the execute parameter - either that or I'm doing something wrong. As far as I can tell, after execute: you should only have a basic one function context like so:execute: function(){}To deal with this, and to give an example similar to our script earlier, I have created another simple quota check, to show the same basic functionality, but in a workflow format:var workflow = {name: 'Get User Quotas',description: 'Displays Quota Utilisation for each user on each share',execute: function () { run('cd /'); run('shares'); projects=list(); for (i=0; i < projects.length; i++) { run('select ' + projects[i]); shares=list('filesystem'); printf("Project: %s\n", projects[i]); for(j=0; j < shares.length; j++) { run('select ' +shares[j]); try { run('users'); printf(" SHARE: %s\n", shares[j]); printf(" %20s %11s %11s %3s\n","Username","Usage(G)","Quota(G)","Quota(%)"); printf(" %20s %11s %11s %4s\n","--------","--------","--------","-------"); users=list(); for(k=0; k < users.length; k++) { run('select ' + users[k]); username=get('name'); usage=get('usage'); quota=get('quota'); usage_g=usage / 1073741824; // convert bytes to gigabytes quota_g=quota / 1073741824; // as above quota_percent=0 if (quota > 0) { quota_percent=(usage / quota)*(100/1); } printf(" %20s %8.2f %8.2f %d%%\n",username,usage_g,quota_g,quota_percent); run('done'); } run('done'); // exit user context } catch(err) { // printf(" %s is a LUN, Not looking for users\n", shares[j]); } run('done'); // exit selected share context } run('done'); // exit project context } }};SummaryThe Sun ZFS Storage 7000 Appliance offers lots of different and interesting features to Sun/Oracle customers, including the world renowned Analytics. Hopefully the above will help you to think of new creative things you could be doing by taking advantage of one of the other neat features, the internal scripting engine!Some references are below to help you continue learning more, I'll update this post as I do the same! Enjoy...More information on ECMAScript 3A complete reference to ECMAScript 3 which will help you learn more of the details you may be interested in, can be found here:http://www.ecma-international.org/publications/files/ECMA-ST-ARCH/ECMA-262,%203rd%20edition,%20December%201999.pdfMore Information on Administering the Sun ZFS Storage 7000The Sun ZFS Storage 7000 System Administration guide can be a useful reference point, and can be found here:http://wikis.sun.com/download/attachments/186238602/2010_Q3_2_ADMIN.pdf

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Ubuntu 10.10 Ad-Hoc Setup (from Wireless Router, to Ubuntu Server/Desktop to Wireless Router)

- by user60375

Okay, so I know there are different approaches for this, but I will explain my story briefly before getting to the technical stuff. My fiancée and I are going through some financial issues (as I assume a lot of us are). We ended up having to move from our house and stay with some friends/family for 6 months, just to get ourselves caught up. (Medical bills, among other issues,etc). So this is where it gets fun. At our friends house, we are staying in the loft setup which is not near the cable modem and wireless router. I have a "hand-crafted" media center running XBMC, an Ubuntu 10.10 Server/Desktop (multi-purpose, very powerful and tons drive space), two working laptops, a between the two of us we have multiple wireless devices/phones. Now our friends Wireless router doesn't have any options for assigning IP addresses, but my router does. My current setup is: Friends Cable Modem -- Friend's Wireless Router -- Ubuntu 10.10 Server -- My Wireless Router (local-link from Friend's wireless (incoming) to sharing connection on ETH0 (outgoing)) -- to all devices. (Wireless Modem, Ubuntu Server that share's it's wireless incoming connection to the ethernet port my Wireless router share's with the rest of the devices). I setup my router to use default settings from my friend's router, using Google's DNS on my router (disabled DNS setup on Ubuntu Server), everything is assigned nicely and runs smooth. My Ubuntu server was given the address 10.42.43.1 (assuming standard from Network-Manager). (On the Ubuntu machine that shares to my wireless router; I have some server apps installed, but mainly just use Samba/NFS/Tangerine action. My problem/goal is that every device has no problem of accessing the internet from my router, the media-center has an assigned ip address, all services from all devices (ZeroConf, Avanhi, Bonjour, GIT, SSH, FTP, Apache2, etc) all work correctly except from my Ubuntu Server (which serves the wireless connection to ETH0 to another Wireless Router). The Ubuntu 10.10 Server/Desktop is not broadcasting anything (the Zeroconf Service Discovery 0.4 Gnome Applet shows the services from the Ubuntu server but no other computers can see them). I can access it from my Media-Center (Running Xbuntu 10.04) if I direct it to 10.42.43.1, no problem. But I cannot access Tangerine (Daapd) and the Samba shares do not show up on any computers for 10.42.43.1 (not in the WORKGROUP which Samba is setup simple and default but I can direct computers to that address and the shares will add except on a damn Windows 7 parition). Is this an issue with how I have my router setup and possible the gateway? An issue with Network-Manager? And issue with my Ubuntu Server/Desktop? I know there is a lot to that, but it's simpler than I probably have explained? Any help would be appreciated. If you need more details, I can provide them. If there is a better way of my attempting this home-network, please let me know. Thanks in advance for the help.

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FFmpeg extract clip - stream frame rate differs from container frame rate (x264, aac)

- by fideli

Summary H.264 video seems to have a really high frame rate that requires a scaling factor to the applied to the duration of video that I'm trying to extract (900x lower). Body I'm trying to extract a clip from a movie that I have in MP4 format (created using Handbrake). After trying mencoder and VLC, I decided to give FFmpeg a shot since it was the least troublesome when it came to copying the codecs. That is, compared to mencoder and VLC, the resulting file was still playable in QuickTime (I know about Perian, etc, I'm just trying to learn how all this works). Anyway, my command was as follows: ffmpeg -ss 01:15:51 -t 00:05:59 -i outofsight.mp4 \ -acodec copy -vcodec copy clip.mp4 During the copy, The following comes up: Seems stream 0 codec frame rate differs from container frame rate: 45000.00 (45000/1) -> 25.00 (25/1) Input #0, mov,mp4,m4a,3gp,3g2,mj2, from outofsight.mp4': Duration: 01:57:42.10, start: 0.000000, bitrate: 830 kb/s Stream #0.0(und): Video: h264, yuv420p, 720x384, 25 tbr, 22500 tbn, 45k tbc Stream #0.1(eng): Audio: aac, 48000 Hz, stereo, s16 Output #0, mp4, to 'out.mp4': Stream #0.0(und): Video: libx264, yuv420p, 720x384, q=2-31, 90k tbn, 22500 tbc Stream #0.1(eng): Audio: libfaac, 48000 Hz, stereo, s16 Stream mapping: Stream #0.0 -> #0.0 Stream #0.1 -> #0.1 Press [q] to stop encoding frame= 2591 fps=2349 q=-1.0 size= 8144kB time=101.60 bitrate= 656.7kbits/s … Instead of a 5:59 duration clip, I get the entire rest of the movie. So, to test this, I ran the ffmpeg command with -t 00:00:01. What I got was exactly a 15:00 minute clip. So I did some black box engineering and decided to scale my -t option by calculating what value to enter given that 1 second was interpreted as 900 s. For my desired 359 s clip, I calculated 0.399 s and so my ffmpeg command became: ffmpeg -ss 01:15.51 -t 00:00:00.399 -i outofsight.mp4 \ -acodec copy -vcodec copy clip.mp4 This works, but I have no idea why the duration is scaled by 900. Investigating further, each ffmpeg run has the line: Seems stream 0 codec frame rate differs from container frame rate: 45000.00 (45000/1) -> 25.00 (25/1) 45000/25 = 1800. Must be a relation somewhere. Somehow, the obscenely high frame rate is causing issues with the timing. How is that frame rate so high? The best part about this is that the resulting clip.mp4 has the exact same feature (due to the copied video codec), and taking further clips from this needs the same scaling for the -t duration option. Therefore, I've made it available for anyone willing to check this out. Appendix The preamble for ffmpeg on my system (built using MacPorts ffmpeg port): FFmpeg version 0.5, Copyright (c) 2000-2009 Fabrice Bellard, et al. configuration: --prefix=/opt/local --disable-vhook --enable-gpl --enable-postproc --enable-swscale --enable-avfilter --enable-avfilter-lavf --enable-libmp3lame --enable-libvorbis --enable-libtheora --enable-libdirac --enable-libschroedinger --enable-libfaac --enable-libfaad --enable-libxvid --enable-libx264 --mandir=/opt/local/share/man --enable-shared --enable-pthreads --cc=/usr/bin/gcc-4.2 --arch=x86_64 libavutil 49.15. 0 / 49.15. 0 libavcodec 52.20. 0 / 52.20. 0 libavformat 52.31. 0 / 52.31. 0 libavdevice 52. 1. 0 / 52. 1. 0 libavfilter 1. 4. 0 / 1. 4. 0 libswscale 1. 7. 1 / 1. 7. 1 libpostproc 51. 2. 0 / 51. 2. 0 built on Jan 4 2010 21:51:51, gcc: 4.2.1 (Apple Inc. build 5646) (dot 1)

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nginx: How can I set proxy_* directives only for matching URIs?

- by Artem Russakovskii

I've been at this for hours and I can't figure out a clean solution. Basically, I have an nginx proxy setup, which works really well, but I'd like to handle a few urls more manually. Specifically, there are 2-3 locations for which I'd like to set proxy_ignore_headers to Set-Cookie to force nginx to cache them (nginx doesn't cache responses with Set-Cookie as per http://wiki.nginx.org/HttpProxyModule#proxy_ignore_headers). So for these locations, all I'd like to do is set proxy_ignore_headers Set-Cookie; I've tried everything I could think of outside of setting up and duplicating every config value, but nothing works. I tried: Nesting location directives, hoping the inner location which matches on my files would just set this value and inherit the rest, but that wasn't the case - it seemed to ignore anything set in the outer location, most notably proxy_pass and I end up with a 404). Specifying the proxy_cache_valid directive in an if block that matches on $request_uri, but nginx complains that it's not allowed ("proxy_cache_valid" directive is not allowed here). Specifying a variable equal to "Set-Cookie" in an if block, and then trying to set proxy_cache_valid to that variable later, but nginx isn't allowing variables for this case and throws up. It should be so simple - modifying/appending a single directive for some requests, and yet I haven't been able to make nginx do that. What am I missing here? Is there at least a way to wrap common directives in a reusable block and have multiple location blocks refer to it, after adding their own unique bits? Thank you. Just for reference, the main location / block is included below, together with my failed proxy_ignore_headers directive for a specific URI. location / { # Setup var defaults set $no_cache ""; # If non GET/HEAD, don't cache & mark user as uncacheable for 1 second via cookie if ($request_method !~ ^(GET|HEAD)$) { set $no_cache "1"; } if ($http_user_agent ~* '(iphone|ipod|ipad|aspen|incognito|webmate|android|dream|cupcake|froyo|blackberry|webos|s8000|bada)') { set $mobile_request '1'; set $no_cache "1"; } # feed crawlers, don't want these to get stuck with a cached version, especially if it caches a 302 back to themselves (infinite loop) if ($http_user_agent ~* '(FeedBurner|FeedValidator|MediafedMetrics)') { set $no_cache "1"; } # Drop no cache cookie if need be # (for some reason, add_header fails if included in prior if-block) if ($no_cache = "1") { add_header Set-Cookie "_mcnc=1; Max-Age=17; Path=/"; add_header X-Microcachable "0"; } # Bypass cache if no-cache cookie is set, these are absolutely critical for Wordpress installations that don't use JS comments if ($http_cookie ~* "(_mcnc|comment_author_|wordpress_(?!test_cookie)|wp-postpass_)") { set $no_cache "1"; } if ($request_uri ~* wpsf-(img|js)\.php) { proxy_ignore_headers Set-Cookie; } # Bypass cache if flag is set proxy_no_cache $no_cache; proxy_cache_bypass $no_cache; # under no circumstances should there ever be a retry of a POST request, or any other request for that matter proxy_next_upstream off; proxy_read_timeout 86400s; # Point nginx to the real app/web server proxy_pass http://localhost; # Set cache zone proxy_cache microcache; # Set cache key to include identifying components proxy_cache_key $scheme$host$request_method$request_uri$mobile_request; # Only cache valid HTTP 200 responses for this long proxy_cache_valid 200 15s; #proxy_cache_min_uses 3; # Serve from cache if currently refreshing proxy_cache_use_stale updating timeout; # Send appropriate headers through proxy_set_header Host $host; # no need for this proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr; # no need for this proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; # Set files larger than 1M to stream rather than cache proxy_max_temp_file_size 1M; access_log /var/log/nginx/androidpolice-microcache.log custom; }

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FFmpeg extract clip - stream frame rate differs from container frame rate (x264, aac)

- by fideli

Summary H.264 video seems to have a really high frame rate that requires a scaling factor to the applied to the duration of video that I'm trying to extract (900x lower). Body I'm trying to extract a clip from a movie that I have in MP4 format (created using Handbrake). After trying mencoder and VLC, I decided to give FFmpeg a shot since it was the least troublesome when it came to copying the codecs. That is, compared to mencoder and VLC, the resulting file was still playable in QuickTime (I know about Perian, etc, I'm just trying to learn how all this works). Anyway, my command was as follows: ffmpeg -ss 01:15:51 -t 00:05:59 -i outofsight.mp4 \ -acodec copy -vcodec copy clip.mp4 During the copy, The following comes up: Seems stream 0 codec frame rate differs from container frame rate: 45000.00 (45000/1) -> 25.00 (25/1) Input #0, mov,mp4,m4a,3gp,3g2,mj2, from outofsight.mp4': Duration: 01:57:42.10, start: 0.000000, bitrate: 830 kb/s Stream #0.0(und): Video: h264, yuv420p, 720x384, 25 tbr, 22500 tbn, 45k tbc Stream #0.1(eng): Audio: aac, 48000 Hz, stereo, s16 Output #0, mp4, to 'out.mp4': Stream #0.0(und): Video: libx264, yuv420p, 720x384, q=2-31, 90k tbn, 22500 tbc Stream #0.1(eng): Audio: libfaac, 48000 Hz, stereo, s16 Stream mapping: Stream #0.0 -> #0.0 Stream #0.1 -> #0.1 Press [q] to stop encoding frame= 2591 fps=2349 q=-1.0 size= 8144kB time=101.60 bitrate= 656.7kbits/s … Instead of a 5:59 duration clip, I get the entire rest of the movie. So, to test this, I ran the ffmpeg command with -t 00:00:01. What I got was exactly a 15:00 minute clip. So I did some black box engineering and decided to scale my -t option by calculating what value to enter given that 1 second was interpreted as 900 s. For my desired 359 s clip, I calculated 0.399 s and so my ffmpeg command became: ffmpeg -ss 01:15.51 -t 00:00:00.399 -i outofsight.mp4 \ -acodec copy -vcodec copy clip.mp4 This works, but I have no idea why the duration is scaled by 900. Investigating further, each ffmpeg run has the line: Seems stream 0 codec frame rate differs from container frame rate: 45000.00 (45000/1) -> 25.00 (25/1) 45000/25 = 1800. Must be a relation somewhere. Somehow, the obscenely high frame rate is causing issues with the timing. How is that frame rate so high? The best part about this is that the resulting clip.mp4 has the exact same feature (due to the copied video codec), and taking further clips from this needs the same scaling for the -t duration option. Therefore, I've made it available for anyone willing to check this out. Appendix The preamble for ffmpeg on my system (built using MacPorts ffmpeg port): FFmpeg version 0.5, Copyright (c) 2000-2009 Fabrice Bellard, et al. configuration: --prefix=/opt/local --disable-vhook --enable-gpl --enable-postproc --enable-swscale --enable-avfilter --enable-avfilter-lavf --enable-libmp3lame --enable-libvorbis --enable-libtheora --enable-libdirac --enable-libschroedinger --enable-libfaac --enable-libfaad --enable-libxvid --enable-libx264 --mandir=/opt/local/share/man --enable-shared --enable-pthreads --cc=/usr/bin/gcc-4.2 --arch=x86_64 libavutil 49.15. 0 / 49.15. 0 libavcodec 52.20. 0 / 52.20. 0 libavformat 52.31. 0 / 52.31. 0 libavdevice 52. 1. 0 / 52. 1. 0 libavfilter 1. 4. 0 / 1. 4. 0 libswscale 1. 7. 1 / 1. 7. 1 libpostproc 51. 2. 0 / 51. 2. 0 built on Jan 4 2010 21:51:51, gcc: 4.2.1 (Apple Inc. build 5646) (dot 1) EDIT Not sure whether it was a bug or not, but it seems to be fixed now in my current version of ffmpeg, at least for this video (version 0.6.1 from MacPorts).

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Does likewise-open > version 5.4 contain CIFS support?

- by Ben Andken

I'm trying to get the CIFS server working in likewise-open. I've found this set of instructions and everything seems to work until I try to connect ([url]http://www.likewise.com/resources/documentation_library/manuals/cifs/likewise-cifs-smb-file-server-guide.html#id2765992):[/url] 1.6. Build and Configure a Standalone Likewise-CIFS Server This section demonstrates how to build and configure a standalone instance of Likewise-CIFS from the command line. The following procedure assumes that you want to set up Likewise-CIFS on a Linux server to share files with Windows computers in a network without Active Directory. This procedure also assumes you know how to build Linux applications from their source code and then install them. Download Likewise-CIFS from its open source git location: $ git clone git://git.likewiseopen.org/ Download, build, and install the following tools. The tools listed are known to work, but earlier or later versions might work as well. Also, instead of downloading the tools, you might be able to install them on your platform with apt-get or some other means. http://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/autoconf/autoconf-2.65.tar.gz http://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/automake/automake-1.9.6.tar.gz http://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/libtool/libtool-2.2.6a.tar.gz http://pkgconfig.freedesktop.org/releases/pkg-config-0.23.tar.gz gcc --version 3.x or greater Build Likewise-CIFS: $ cd likewise-open $ build/mkcomp --debug all Install Likewise-CIFS: $ sudo su $ cd staging/install-root $ tar cf - . | (cd / && tar xvf -) Make sure Samba is not running: $ /etc/init.d/smb stop Make sure SELinux is either disabled or set to permissive. Make sure the ports required by Likewise are open. For a list of ports that Likewise uses, see the Likewise Open Installation and Administration Guide. Configure Likewise Open: $ /etc/init.d/lwsmd start $ for i in /etc/likewise/*.reg; do /opt/likewise/bin/lwregshell upgrade $i; done $ /etc/init.d/lwsmd stop $ /etc/init.d/lwsmd start $ /opt/likewise/bin/lwsm start srvsvc $ /opt/likewise/bin/domainjoin-cli configure --enable nsswitch Add a user account to the local Likewise provider database. In the following example, substitute the account name that you want for newuser. $ /opt/likewise/bin/lw-add-user --home /home/newuser --shell /bin/bash newuser Successfully added user newuser Enable the user and set the password: $ /opt/likewise/bin/lw-mod-user --enable-user --set-password newuser New Password: ********** Successfully modified user newuser Look up new user's identity as follows. Substitute the value from the command hostname -s for the hostname. Keep in mind that Likewise truncates a hostname longer than 15 characters to the first 15 characters of the string. % id hostname\\newuser uid=2000(HOSTNAME\newuser) gid=1800(HOSTNAME\Likewise Users) groups=1800(HOSTNAME\Likewise Users) context=system_u:system_r:unconfined_t:s0 Make a CIFS directory for the user: mkdir /lwcifs/newuser chown 2000:1800 /lwcifs/newuser From a Windows computer, map the Likewise-CIFS drive share: Computer->Map Network Drive... Folder: \\IP_hostname\c$ Click "Finish" Username: hostname\newuser Password: user_password The last step fails when I try to connect. I've tried with Windows XP Pro and Windows 7 Pro. The rest of the directions only appear to work for version 5.4 (the one that shipped with 10.04). For 12.04, version 6.1 is the only one available and it doesn't appear to have the srvsvc module mentioned in these instructions. Is CIFS support dropped in the 6.1 version of likewise-open?

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Kernel Mode Rootkit

- by Pajarito

On the other 3 computers in my family, I believe that we have a kernel-mode rootkit for windows. It appears that the same rootkit is on all of them. We think. We changed all the important passwords from my computer, running linux right now. On all of the infected computers is Symantic Endpoint Protection, because it's free from the university where my mom and dad work. In my opinion symantec is a piece of crap, seeing as it didn't even manager to delete the tracking cookies it found when I tried it on my own computer. The Computers and their set-ups: Computer A: Vista Business; symantec antivirus. runs it as admin, no password. IE8. no other security software other than what comes with windows. IE8 security settings the default Computer B: XP Home Premium; symantec antivirus. runs as normal user, no password, admin account with weak password, spybot, uses IE8 with default settings, sometimes Firefox Computer C: XP Home Premium; symantec antivirus. runs as normal user, no password, admin account with weak password, uses IE8 with default settings, no other security programs except what came with windows This is what's happening. Cut and pasted from my dad's forum post. -- When I scanned my laptop (Dell XPS M1330 with Windows Vista Small Business), Symantec Endpoint Protection hangs for a while, perhaps 10 seconds or so, on some of the following files 9129837.exe, hide_evr2.sys, VirusRemoval.vbs, NewVirusRemoval.vbs, dll.dll, alsmt.ext, and _epnt.sys. It does this if a run a scan that I set up to run on a new thumbnail drive and it does this even if the thumbnail is not plugged in. It doesn't seem to do this if I scan only the C: drive. I've check for problems with symantec endpoint protection and also with Microsoft Security Essentials and Malwarebytes Anti-Malware. They found nothing and I can't find anything by searching for hidden files. Next I tried microsoft's rootkitrevealer. It (rootkitrevealer) finds 279660 (or so) discrepancies and the interface is so glitchy after that I can't really figure out what is going on. The screen is squirrely. The rootkitrevealer pulls up many files in the folder \programdata\applicationdata and there are numberous appended \applicationdata on the end of that as well. -- As you can see, what we did was install MSE and MBAM and scan with both of them. Nothing but a tracking cookie. Then I took over and ran rootkitrevealer.exe from MicroSoft from a flash drive. It found a bunch of discrepancies, but only about 20 or so where security related, the rest being files that you just couldn't see from Windows Explorer. I couldn't see whether of not the files list above, the ones that the scan was hanging on, where in the list. The other thing is, I have no idea what to do about the things the scan comes up with. Then we checked the other computers and they do the same thing when you scan with Symantec. The people at the university seen to think that dad might not have a virus, but 2 of the computers slowed down noticably AND IE8 started acting all funny. None of my family is very computer oriented, and 2 of the possible causes for the rootkit are: -My dad bought a new flash drive, which shipped with a data security executable on it -My dad has to download lots of articles for his work Those are the only things that stand out, but it could have been anything. We are currently backing up our data, and I'll post again after trying IceSword 1.22. I just looked at my dad's forum topic, and someone recommended GMER. I'll try that too.

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Integrating HP Systems Insight Manager into an existing environment

- by ewwhite

I'm working with an environment that spans multiple data centers/sites and consists primarily of HP ProLiant servers (G5-G7) running Linux. The mix is 30% RHEL/CentOS, the rest are Gentoo :(. I also have a few dozen virtual machines running back-office and Windows servers on VMWare ESX hosts. I run OpenNMS to pull SNMP data from the various server nodes and networking devices. While OpenNMS works wonderfully for up/down, thresholds and notifications, it's native handling of traps is a little rough and the graphs are not particularly pretty. I use Orca/RRD graphs for performance trending and nice graphs. I'm tasked with inventorying the environment and wanted to come up with a clean way to organize server information. Since my environment is mostly HP, I've been playing with HP Systems Insight Manager as a way to extract server data and to deploy HP health/monitoring packages and firmware. The Gentoo systems eventually have to be converted to CentOS, so getting a quick assessment of what hardware is where would be great. Although I've read through a few hundred pages of HP manuals, I'm having a difficult time understanding how to get HP SIM to do what I want, though. My main problems are: I have about 40 subnets to deal with; 98% connected with private lines to facilities across the globe. I don't want to initiate an HP SIM discovery only to pull back every piece of intermediate networking hardware and equipment from all of the locations. I'd like this to focus on the servers. I have OpenNMS configured to accept traps. I don't want HP SIM to duplicate that effort. It seems like the built-in software deployment tool wants to overwrite the trapsink parameters for the systems it encounters during discovery. I have about 10 administrative username/password combinations in use across this infrastructure. Is there a more efficient way to get HP SIM to do the discovery or break discovery into manageable chunks? In terms of general workflow, do people typically install the HP Management Agents during the initial OS deployment (e.g. kickstart post script) or afterwards from HP SIM? Is HP SIM too thick/fat to be an inventory tool? I can't tell if it's meant to be used standalone or alongside other monitoring products. Since the majority of the systems I'm trying to track are those running Gentoo (in order to plan the move to CentOS), is there any way for HP SIM to extract system model information from them ( like dmidecode)? I have systems here where I may have an SSH key established, but not direct user or login access. Is there a way for me to import an SSH private/public key pair into HP SIM to reach out to the servers that can't accept standard credentials? There are a handful of sites where I have inconsistent access or have a double-NAT situation. I may be able to poke a server, but it may not be able to find its way back to the management system. Is there a workaround for this? The certificate configuration for HP SIM seems complicated. What is the preferred setup for trust between systems? I'd also appreciate any notes or recommendations to using this product. Or if there's a better way to do this, I'd like to know.

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Ubuntu: Move fsbackup backups to Amazon S3

- by Alexander Gladysh

I have a legacy server (Ubuntu 9.10 Karmic x86), where previous admin set up backups with fsbackup. This server lives in a VPS (under some kind of Xen), and it is low on HDD space (16 GB total). Now it came to a point, where fsbackup backups take more space than the rest of data in the system. The filesystem is 100% filled, and I already cleaned up all that I could, aside from actual backups. I do not have any experience managing fsbackup, and I do not want to break or lose the backups. Googling fsbackup gives surprisingly low quality results... Here is how my backups look like: $ sudo ls -lh /var/archives total 8.1G -rw-rw---- 1 root root 318 2011-01-06 06:26 myserver-20110106.md5 -rw-rw---- 1 root root 258 2011-01-07 06:26 myserver-20110107.md5 -rw-rw---- 1 root root 318 2011-01-08 06:26 myserver-20110108.md5 -rw-rw---- 1 root root 318 2011-01-09 06:26 myserver-20110109.md5 -rw-rw---- 1 root root 346 2011-01-10 06:43 myserver-20110110.md5 -rw-rw---- 1 root root 14M 2011-01-06 06:26 myserver-all-mysql-databases.20110106.sql.bz2 -rw-rw---- 1 root root 14M 2011-01-07 06:26 myserver-all-mysql-databases.20110107.sql.bz2 -rw-rw---- 1 root root 14M 2011-01-08 06:26 myserver-all-mysql-databases.20110108.sql.bz2 -rw-rw---- 1 root root 14M 2011-01-09 06:26 myserver-all-mysql-databases.20110109.sql.bz2 -rw-rw---- 1 root root 862 2011-01-10 06:43 myserver-all-mysql-databases.20110110.sql.bz2 -rw-rw---- 1 root root 827K 2011-01-03 06:25 myserver-etc.20110103.master.tar.gz -rw-rw---- 1 root root 16K 2011-01-06 06:25 myserver-etc.20110106.tar.gz -rw-rw---- 1 root root 16K 2011-01-07 06:25 myserver-etc.20110107.tar.gz -rw-rw---- 1 root root 16K 2011-01-08 06:25 myserver-etc.20110108.tar.gz -rw-rw---- 1 root root 16K 2011-01-09 06:25 myserver-etc.20110109.tar.gz -rw-rw---- 1 root root 827K 2011-01-10 06:25 myserver-etc.20110110.master.tar.gz -rw------- 1 root root 36K 2011-01-10 06:25 myserver-etc.incremental.bin -rw-rw---- 1 root root 29M 2011-01-03 06:25 myserver-home.20110103.master.tar.gz -rw-rw---- 1 root root 11K 2011-01-06 06:25 myserver-home.20110106.tar.gz -rw-rw---- 1 root root 14K 2011-01-07 06:25 myserver-home.20110107.tar.gz -rw-rw---- 1 root root 11K 2011-01-08 06:25 myserver-home.20110108.tar.gz -rw-rw---- 1 root root 11K 2011-01-09 06:25 myserver-home.20110109.tar.gz -rw-rw---- 1 root root 2.0M 2011-01-10 06:25 myserver-home.20110110.master.tar.gz -rw------- 1 root root 27K 2011-01-10 06:25 myserver-home.incremental.bin -rw-rw---- 1 root root 1.5G 2011-01-03 06:29 myserver-opt.20110103.master.tar.gz -rw-rw---- 1 root root 1.5M 2011-01-06 06:25 myserver-opt.20110106.tar.gz -rw-rw---- 1 root root 1.5M 2011-01-07 06:25 myserver-opt.20110107.tar.gz -rw-rw---- 1 root root 1.5M 2011-01-08 06:25 myserver-opt.20110108.tar.gz -rw-rw---- 1 root root 1.5M 2011-01-09 06:25 myserver-opt.20110109.tar.gz -rw-rw---- 1 root root 1.5G 2011-01-10 06:30 myserver-opt.20110110.master.tar.gz -rw------- 1 root root 201K 2011-01-10 06:30 myserver-opt.incremental.bin -rw-rw---- 1 root root 2.3G 2011-01-03 06:41 myserver-srv.20110103.master.tar.gz -rw-rw---- 1 root root 44M 2011-01-06 06:26 myserver-srv.20110106.tar.gz -rw-rw---- 1 root root 27M 2011-01-07 06:25 myserver-srv.20110107.tar.gz -rw-rw---- 1 root root 39M 2011-01-08 06:26 myserver-srv.20110108.tar.gz -rw-rw---- 1 root root 2.0M 2011-01-09 06:25 myserver-srv.20110109.tar.gz -rw-rw---- 1 root root 2.7G 2011-01-10 06:42 myserver-srv.20110110.master.tar.gz -rw------- 1 root root 3.4M 2011-01-10 06:42 myserver-srv.incremental.bin I'm thinking about moving backups to Amazon S3, but before that I have to free some space, so the server can work. Perhaps I can mount /var/archives to an Amazon S3 bucket somehow... Any advice?

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Improving TCP performance over a gigabit network with lots of connections and high traffic of small packets

- by MinimeDJ

I’m trying to improve my TCP throughput over a “gigabit network with lots of connections and high traffic of small packets”. My server OS is Ubuntu 11.10 Server 64bit. There are about 50.000 (and growing) clients connected to my server through TCP Sockets (all on the same port). 95% of of my packets have size of 1-150 bytes (TCP header and payload). The rest 5% vary from 150 up to 4096+ bytes. With the config below my server can handle traffic up to 30 Mbps (full duplex). Can you please advice best practice to tune OS for my needs? My /etc/sysctl.cong looks like this: kernel.pid_max = 1000000 net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 2500 65000 fs.file-max = 1000000 # net.core.netdev_max_backlog=3000 net.ipv4.tcp_sack=0 # net.core.rmem_max = 16777216 net.core.wmem_max = 16777216 net.core.somaxconn = 2048 # net.ipv4.tcp_rmem = 4096 87380 16777216 net.ipv4.tcp_wmem = 4096 65536 16777216 # net.ipv4.tcp_synack_retries = 2 net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = 1 net.ipv4.tcp_mem = 50576 64768 98152 # net.core.wmem_default = 65536 net.core.rmem_default = 65536 net.ipv4.tcp_window_scaling=1 # net.ipv4.tcp_mem= 98304 131072 196608 # net.ipv4.tcp_timestamps = 0 net.ipv4.tcp_rfc1337 = 1 net.ipv4.ip_forward = 0 net.ipv4.tcp_congestion_control=cubic net.ipv4.tcp_tw_recycle = 0 net.ipv4.tcp_tw_reuse = 0 # net.ipv4.tcp_orphan_retries = 1 net.ipv4.tcp_fin_timeout = 25 net.ipv4.tcp_max_orphans = 8192 Here are my limits: $ ulimit -a core file size (blocks, -c) 0 data seg size (kbytes, -d) unlimited scheduling priority (-e) 0 file size (blocks, -f) unlimited pending signals (-i) 193045 max locked memory (kbytes, -l) 64 max memory size (kbytes, -m) unlimited open files (-n) 1000000 pipe size (512 bytes, -p) 8 POSIX message queues (bytes, -q) 819200 real-time priority (-r) 0 stack size (kbytes, -s) 8192 cpu time (seconds, -t) unlimited max user processes (-u) 1000000 [ADDED] My NICs are the following: $ dmesg | grep Broad [ 2.473081] Broadcom NetXtreme II 5771x 10Gigabit Ethernet Driver bnx2x 1.62.12-0 (2011/03/20) [ 2.477808] bnx2x 0000:02:00.0: eth0: Broadcom NetXtreme II BCM57711E XGb (A0) PCI-E x4 5GHz (Gen2) found at mem fb000000, IRQ 28, node addr d8:d3:85:bd:23:08 [ 2.482556] bnx2x 0000:02:00.1: eth1: Broadcom NetXtreme II BCM57711E XGb (A0) PCI-E x4 5GHz (Gen2) found at mem fa000000, IRQ 40, node addr d8:d3:85:bd:23:0c [ADDED 2] ethtool -k eth0 Offload parameters for eth0: rx-checksumming: on tx-checksumming: on scatter-gather: on tcp-segmentation-offload: on udp-fragmentation-offload: off generic-segmentation-offload: on generic-receive-offload: on large-receive-offload: on rx-vlan-offload: on tx-vlan-offload: on ntuple-filters: off receive-hashing: off [ADDED 3] sudo ethtool -S eth0|grep -vw 0 NIC statistics: [1]: rx_bytes: 17521104292 [1]: rx_ucast_packets: 118326392 [1]: tx_bytes: 35351475694 [1]: tx_ucast_packets: 191723897 [2]: rx_bytes: 16569945203 [2]: rx_ucast_packets: 114055437 [2]: tx_bytes: 36748975961 [2]: tx_ucast_packets: 194800859 [3]: rx_bytes: 16222309010 [3]: rx_ucast_packets: 109397802 [3]: tx_bytes: 36034786682 [3]: tx_ucast_packets: 198238209 [4]: rx_bytes: 14884911384 [4]: rx_ucast_packets: 104081414 [4]: rx_discards: 5828 [4]: rx_csum_offload_errors: 1 [4]: tx_bytes: 35663361789 [4]: tx_ucast_packets: 194024824 [5]: rx_bytes: 16465075461 [5]: rx_ucast_packets: 110637200 [5]: tx_bytes: 43720432434 [5]: tx_ucast_packets: 202041894 [6]: rx_bytes: 16788706505 [6]: rx_ucast_packets: 113123182 [6]: tx_bytes: 38443961940 [6]: tx_ucast_packets: 202415075 [7]: rx_bytes: 16287423304 [7]: rx_ucast_packets: 110369475 [7]: rx_csum_offload_errors: 1 [7]: tx_bytes: 35104168638 [7]: tx_ucast_packets: 184905201 [8]: rx_bytes: 12689721791 [8]: rx_ucast_packets: 87616037 [8]: rx_discards: 2638 [8]: tx_bytes: 36133395431 [8]: tx_ucast_packets: 196547264 [9]: rx_bytes: 15007548011 [9]: rx_ucast_packets: 98183525 [9]: rx_csum_offload_errors: 1 [9]: tx_bytes: 34871314517 [9]: tx_ucast_packets: 188532637 [9]: tx_mcast_packets: 12 [10]: rx_bytes: 12112044826 [10]: rx_ucast_packets: 84335465 [10]: rx_discards: 2494 [10]: tx_bytes: 36562151913 [10]: tx_ucast_packets: 195658548 [11]: rx_bytes: 12873153712 [11]: rx_ucast_packets: 89305791 [11]: rx_discards: 2990 [11]: tx_bytes: 36348541675 [11]: tx_ucast_packets: 194155226 [12]: rx_bytes: 12768100958 [12]: rx_ucast_packets: 89350917 [12]: rx_discards: 2667 [12]: tx_bytes: 35730240389 [12]: tx_ucast_packets: 192254480 [13]: rx_bytes: 14533227468 [13]: rx_ucast_packets: 98139795 [13]: tx_bytes: 35954232494 [13]: tx_ucast_packets: 194573612 [13]: tx_bcast_packets: 2 [14]: rx_bytes: 13258647069 [14]: rx_ucast_packets: 92856762 [14]: rx_discards: 3509 [14]: rx_csum_offload_errors: 1 [14]: tx_bytes: 35663586641 [14]: tx_ucast_packets: 189661305 rx_bytes: 226125043936 rx_ucast_packets: 1536428109 rx_bcast_packets: 351 rx_discards: 20126 rx_filtered_packets: 8694 rx_csum_offload_errors: 11 tx_bytes: 548442367057 tx_ucast_packets: 2915571846 tx_mcast_packets: 12 tx_bcast_packets: 2 tx_64_byte_packets: 35417154 tx_65_to_127_byte_packets: 2006984660 tx_128_to_255_byte_packets: 373733514 tx_256_to_511_byte_packets: 378121090 tx_512_to_1023_byte_packets: 77643490 tx_1024_to_1522_byte_packets: 43669214 tx_pause_frames: 228 Some info about SACK: When to turn TCP SACK off?

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Blocking 'good' bots in nginx with multiple conditions for certain off-limits URL's where humans can go

- by Glenn Plas

After 2 days of searching/trying/failing I decided to post this here, I haven't found any example of someone doing the same nor what I tried seems to be working OK. I'm trying to send a 403 to bots not respecting the robots.txt file (even after downloading it several times). Specifically Googlebot. It will support the following robots.txt definition. User-agent: * Disallow: /*/*/page/ The intent is to allow Google to browse whatever they can find on the site but return a 403 for the following type of request. Googlebot seems to keep on nesting these links eternally adding paging block after block: my_domain.com:80 - 66.x.67.x - - [25/Apr/2012:11:13:54 +0200] "GET /2011/06/ page/3/?/page/2//page/3//page/2//page/3//page/2//page/2//page/4//page/4//pag e/1/&wpmp_switcher=desktop HTTP/1.1" 403 135 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; G ooglebot/2.1; +http://www.google.com/bot.html)" It's a wordpress site btw. I don't want those pages to show up, even though after the robots.txt info got through, they stopped for a while only to begin crawling again later. It just never stops .... I do want real people to see this. As you can see, google get a 403 but when I try this myself in a browser I get a 404 back. I want browsers to pass. root@my_domain:# nginx -V nginx version: nginx/1.2.0 I tried different approaches, using a map and plain old nono if's and they both act the same: (under http section) map $http_user_agent $is_bot { default 0; ~crawl|Googlebot|Slurp|spider|bingbot|tracker|click|parser|spider 1; } (under the server section) location ~ /(\d+)/(\d+)/page/ { if ($is_bot) { return 403; # Please respect the robots.txt file ! } } I recently had to polish up my Apache skills for a client where I did about the same thing like this : # Block real Engines , not respecting robots.txt but allowing correct calls to pass # Google RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^Mozilla/5\.0\ $compatible;\ Googlebot/2\.[01];\ \+http://www\.google\.com/bot\.html$$ [NC,OR] # Bing RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^Mozilla/5\.0\ $compatible;\ bingbot/2\.[01];\ \+http://www\.bing\.com/bingbot\.htm$$ [NC,OR] # msnbot RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^msnbot-media/1\.[01]\ $\+http://search\.msn\.com/msnbot\.htm$$ [NC,OR] # Slurp RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^Mozilla/5\.0\ $compatible;\ Yahoo!\ Slurp;\ http://help\.yahoo\.com/help/us/ysearch/slurp$$ [NC] # block all page searches, the rest may pass RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} ^(/[0-9]{4}/[0-9]{2}/page/) [OR] # or with the wpmp_switcher=mobile parameter set RewriteCond %{QUERY_STRING} wpmp_switcher=mobile # ISSUE 403 / SERVE ERRORDOCUMENT RewriteRule .* - [F,L] # End if match This does a bit more than I asked nginx to do but it's about the same principle, I'm having a hard time figuring this out for nginx. So my question would be, why would nginx serve my browser a 404 ? Why isn't it passing, The regex isn't matching for my UA: "Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/536.5 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1084.30 Safari/536.5" There are tons of example to block based on UA alone, and that's easy. It also looks like the matchin location is final, e.g. it's not 'falling' through for regular user, I'm pretty certain that this has some correlation with the 404 I get in the browser. As a cherry on top of things, I also want google to disregard the parameter wpmp_switcher=mobile , wpmp_switcher=desktop is fine but I just don't want the same content being crawled multiple times. Even though I ended up adding wpmp_switcher=mobile via the google webmaster tools pages (requiring me to sign up ....). that also stopped for a while but today they are back spidering the mobile sections. So in short, I need to find a way for nginx to enforce the robots.txt definitions. Can someone shell out a few minutes of their lives and push me in the right direction please ? I really appreciate ANY response that makes me think harder ;-)

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VirtualBox - Public Static IP for a Debian Guest on a Dedicated Server

- by user86296

Goal: I want to run a Debian-squeeze-Guest in VirtualBox and it's own public static ip. I found tons of threads about this topic, but all in all I'm now trying for 10 hours (reading the manual, the forums, trying to learn about networking concepts & commands) to give a Guest his own public static ip (so that the Guest is similar to a vServer you can order from a hosting company), but wasn't able to. Since I'm a big noob as far as networking stuff is concerned, I'm probably doing something wrong.(please bear with me :-) ) Situation: VirtualBox 4.0.10 (headless no gui) is running on a dedicated Debian-Server, the Guest OS is Debian as well. The server has a static ip and I ordered an additional ip for a VM. Problem description: Upto now I was able to use NAT to access the VM from the outside and to setup an internal network between several Guests and all of this worked very well. When setting NIC 1 to bridged and configuring a public static ip on the guest, the guest was unpingable. (neither from outside, nor from the host) I could connect to the guest via the internal network, from another vm, though. ( VBoxManage controlvm VMGuest nic1 bridged eth0 ) ( configuration attempt of static-ip on the guest '/etc/network/interfaces' is below) Please let me know what I'm doing wrong, or what I can try to get it to work, or if you need more info. I think I've read that with a current VirtualBox-version for bridged networking no special host-configuration is necessary, is that accurate, or might that be the problem? Additional Info Info I got from the hosting company about the additional IP Please note that you can use the IP address only for this server. IP: 46.4.xx.xx Gateway: 46.4.xx.xx Mask: 255.255.255.248 VBoxManage showvminfo VMGuest |less ... NIC 1: MAC: 080027D72F7B, Attachment: Bridged Interface 'eth0', Cable connected: on, Trace: off (file: none), Type: 82540EM, Reported speed: 0 Mbps, Boot priority: 0 NIC 2: MAC: 080027B03B75, Attachment: Internal Network 'InternalNet1', Cable connected: on, Trace: off (file: none), Type: Am79C973, Reported speed: 0 Mbps, Boot priority: 0 NIC 3: disabled (...rest is disabled) cat /etc/network/interfaces on the Host-machine # Loopback device: auto lo iface lo inet loopback # device: eth0 auto eth0 iface eth0 inet static address 46.4.xx.xx broadcast 46.4.xx.xx netmask 255.255.255.224 gateway 46.4.xx.xx post-up mii-tool -F 100baseTx-FD eth0 # default route to access subnet up route add -net 46.4.xx.xx netmask 255.255.255.224 gw 46.4.xx.xx eth0 cat /etc/network/interfaces on the Guest-VM # This file describes the network interfaces available on your system # and how to activate them. For more information, see interfaces(5). # The loopback network interface auto lo iface lo inet loopback # The primary network interface allow-hotplug eth0 auto eth0 iface eth0 inet static address 46.4.xx.xx netmask 255.255.255.248 gateway 46.4.xx.xx auto eth1 iface eth1 inet dhcp ifconfig -a on the Guest shows the correct static ip for eth0 but the Guest is unreachable "over eth0" eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 08:00:27:d7:2f:7b inet addr:46.4.xx.xx Bcast:46.4.xx.xx Mask:255.255.255.248 inet6 addr: fe80::a00:27ff:fed7:2f7b/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:21 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:69 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:1260 (1.2 KiB) TX bytes:3114 (3.0 KiB) eth1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 08:00:27:b0:3b:75 inet addr:192.168.10.3 Bcast:192.168.10.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 inet6 addr: fe80::a00:27ff:feb0:3b75/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:142 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:92 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:15962 (15.5 KiB) TX bytes:14540 (14.1 KiB) Interrupt:16 Base address:0xd240 lo Link encap:Local Loopback inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0 inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1 RX packets:123 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:123 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:25156 (24.5 KiB) TX bytes:25156 (24.5 KiB)

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Postfix sasl login failing no mechanism found

- by Nat45928

following the link here: http://flurdy.com/docs/postfix/ with posfix, courier, MySql, and sasl gave me a web server that has imap functionality working fine but when i go to log into the server to send a message using the same user id and password for connecting the the imap server it rejects my login to the smtp server. If i do not specify a login for the outgoing mail server then it will send the message just fine. the error in postfix's log is: Jul 6 17:26:10 Sj-Linux postfix/smtpd[19139]: connect from unknown[10.0.0.50] Jul 6 17:26:10 Sj-Linux postfix/smtpd[19139]: warning: SASL authentication failure: unable to canonify user and get auxprops Jul 6 17:26:10 Sj-Linux postfix/smtpd[19139]: warning: unknown[10.0.0.50]: SASL DIGEST-MD5 authentication failed: no mechanism available Jul 6 17:26:10 Sj-Linux postfix/smtpd[19139]: warning: unknown[10.0.0.50]: SASL LOGIN authentication failed: no mechanism available Ive checked all usernames and passwords for mysql. what could be going wrong? edit: here is some other information: installed libraires for postfix, courier and sasl: aptitude install postfix postfix-mysql aptitude install libsasl2-modules libsasl2-modules-sql libgsasl7 libauthen-sasl-cyrus-perl sasl2-bin libpam-mysql aptitude install courier-base courier-authdaemon courier-authlib-mysql courier-imap courier-imap-ssl courier-ssl and here is my /etc/postfix/main.cf myorigin = domain.com smtpd_banner = $myhostname ESMTP $mail_name biff = no # appending .domain is the MUA's job. append_dot_mydomain = no # Uncomment the next line to generate "delayed mail" warnings #delay_warning_time = 4h readme_directory = no # TLS parameters smtpd_tls_cert_file=/etc/ssl/certs/ssl-cert-snakeoil.pem smtpd_tls_key_file=/etc/ssl/private/ssl-cert-snakeoil.key smtpd_use_tls=yes smtpd_tls_session_cache_database = btree:${data_directory}/smtpd_scache smtp_tls_session_cache_database = btree:${data_directory}/smtp_scache # See /usr/share/doc/postfix/TLS_README.gz in the postfix-doc package for # information on enabling SSL in the smtp client. #myhostname = my hostname alias_maps = hash:/etc/aliases alias_database = hash:/etc/aliases myorigin = /etc/mailname local_recipient_maps = mydestination = relayhost = mynetworks = 127.0.0.0/8 [::ffff:127.0.0.0]/104 [::1]/128 mailbox_size_limit = 0 recipient_delimiter = + inet_interfaces = all mynetworks_style = host # how long if undelivered before sending warning update to sender delay_warning_time = 4h # will it be a permanent error or temporary unknown_local_recipient_reject_code = 450 # how long to keep message on queue before return as failed. # some have 3 days, I have 16 days as I am backup server for some people # whom go on holiday with their server switched off. maximal_queue_lifetime = 7d # max and min time in seconds between retries if connection failed minimal_backoff_time = 1000s maximal_backoff_time = 8000s # how long to wait when servers connect before receiving rest of data smtp_helo_timeout = 60s # how many address can be used in one message. # effective stopper to mass spammers, accidental copy in whole address list # but may restrict intentional mail shots. # but may restrict intentional mail shots. smtpd_recipient_limit = 16 # how many error before back off. smtpd_soft_error_limit = 3 # how many max errors before blocking it. smtpd_hard_error_limit = 12 # Requirements for the HELO statement smtpd_helo_restrictions = permit_mynetworks, permit # Requirements for the sender details smtpd_sender_restrictions = permit_sasl_authenticated, permit_mynetworks, warn_if_reject reject_non_fqdn_sender, reject_unknown_sender_domain, reject_unauth_pipelining, permit # Requirements for the connecting server smtpd_client_restrictions = reject_rbl_client sbl.spamhaus.org, reject_rbl_client blackholes.easynet.nl, reject_rbl_client dnsbl.njabl.org # Requirement for the recipient address smtpd_recipient_restrictions = reject_unauth_pipelining, permit_mynetworks, permit_sasl_authenticated, reject_non_fqdn_recipient, reject_unknown_recipient_domain, reject_unauth_destination, permit smtpd_data_restrictions = reject_unauth_pipelining # require proper helo at connections smtpd_helo_required = yes # waste spammers time before rejecting them smtpd_delay_reject = yes disable_vrfy_command = yes # not sure of the difference of the next two # but they are needed for local aliasing alias_maps = hash:/etc/postfix/aliases alias_database = hash:/etc/postfix/aliases # this specifies where the virtual mailbox folders will be located virtual_mailbox_base = /var/spool/mail/virtual # this is for the mailbox location for each user virtual_mailbox_maps = mysql:/etc/postfix/mysql_mailbox.cf # and this is for aliases virtual_alias_maps = mysql:/etc/postfix/mysql_alias.cf # and this is for domain lookups virtual_mailbox_domains = mysql:/etc/postfix/mysql_domains.cf # this is how to connect to the domains (all virtual, but the option is there) # not used yet # transport_maps = mysql:/etc/postfix/mysql_transport.cf virtual_uid_maps = static:5000 virtual_gid_maps = static:5000 # SASL smtpd_sasl_auth_enable = yes # If your potential clients use Outlook Express or other older clients # this needs to be set to yes broken_sasl_auth_clients = yes smtpd_sasl_security_options = noanonymous smtpd_sasl_local_domain =

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Ubuntu 12 crashed and took down network

- by Leopd

We recently set up a new Ubuntu 12.04LTS server on our network. It's not fully configured so it's not doing much beyond sshd and a default apache2 install. But this evening it appears to have crashed. It wasn't responding to the network or the keyboard. But the worst part is, it took down the entire network. My knowledge of the network stack below OSI layer 3 is very limited, so the rest confuses me. When this machine was physically connected to the network, no other machine could connect to the outside internet. When things were broken, running arp showed that our gateway's IP address (10.0.1.1) was listed as "invalid." Unplugging the server from the network fixed the problem, and plugging it back in broke it again. So the crashed server was advertising itself as owning the gateway's IP address? There's nothing at all in syslog during the time when it was causing problems. Any ideas about how to figure out what went wrong or what we can do to prevent it from happening again? I'm hesitant to even put the machine back on the network right now. Update ** It crashed again, and I ran tcpdump -penn arp (thanks bahamat!) for several minutes and got this... (timestamps and duplicate lines removed) 00:1e:65:f8:dc:24 > ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff, ethertype ARP (0x0806), length 60: Request who-has 10.0.1.1 tell 10.0.2.191, length 46 00:1e:65:f8:dc:24 > ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff, ethertype ARP (0x0806), length 60: Request who-has 10.0.1.44 tell 10.0.2.191, length 46 60:d8:19:d4:71:d6 > ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff, ethertype ARP (0x0806), length 60: Request who-has 10.0.1.1 tell 10.0.2.125, length 46 d4:9a:20:04:e9:78 > ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff, ethertype ARP (0x0806), length 42: Request who-has 192.168.1.1 tell 192.168.1.100, length 28 Update 2 ** When the network is functioning properly, arping -c4 10.0.1.1 returns this: ARPING 10.0.1.1 60 bytes from c0:c1:c0:77:25:8e (10.0.1.1): index=0 time=267.982 usec 60 bytes from c0:c1:c0:77:25:8e (10.0.1.1): index=1 time=422.955 usec 60 bytes from c0:c1:c0:77:25:8e (10.0.1.1): index=2 time=299.215 usec 60 bytes from c0:c1:c0:77:25:8e (10.0.1.1): index=3 time=366.926 usec --- 10.0.1.1 statistics --- 4 packets transmitted, 4 packets received, 0% unanswered (0 extra) When the bad server is plugged in, arping -c4 10.0.1.1 returns: ARPING 10.0.1.1 --- 10.0.1.1 statistics --- 4 packets transmitted, 0 packets received, 100% unanswered (0 extra) Context ** 10.0.x.x is the main subnet. 10.0.1.1 is the main internet gateway 10.0.1.44 is a printer 10.0.2.* devices are all laptops / workstations I have no idea what's using the 192.168.x.x subnet -- your guesses are at least as good as mine. A VM on a workstation? A misconfigured WAP? Somebody re-sharing wifi? A machine that failed to DHCP? The offending ubuntu server's MAC address ends in cd:80 so isn't listed in the dump. It should DHCP to 10.0.3.3 Thanks for any help. This ARP stuff is all voodoo to me. Packets just go to IP addresses, right? ;)

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