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  • Django model field value preprocessing before returning

    - by Satoru.Logic
    Hi, all. I have a Note model class like this: class Note(models.Model): author = models.ForeignKey(User, related_name='notes') content = NoteContentField(max_length=256) NoteContentField is a custom sub-class of CharField that override the to_python method in purpose of doing some twitter-text-conversion processing. class NoteContentField(models.CharField): __metaclass__ = models.SubfieldBase def to_python(self, value): value = super(NoteContentField, self).to_python(value) from ..utils import linkify return mark_safe(linkify(value)) However, this doesn't work. When I save a Note object like this: note = Note(author=request.use, content=form.cleaned_data['content']) The conversed value is saved into the database, which is not what I wanna see. Would you please tell me what's wrong with this? Thanks in advance.

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  • Compound dictionary keys

    - by John Keyes
    I have a particular case where using compound dictionary keys would make a task easier. I have a working solution, but feel it is inelegant. How would you do it? context = { 'database': { 'port': 9990, 'users': ['number2', 'dr_evil'] }, 'admins': ['[email protected]', '[email protected]'], 'domain.name': 'virtucon.com' } def getitem(key, context): if hasattr(key, 'upper') and key in context: return context[key] keys = key if hasattr(key, 'pop') else key.split('.') k = keys.pop(0) if keys: try: return getitem(keys, context[k]) except KeyError, e: raise KeyError(key) if hasattr(context, 'count'): k = int(k) return context[k] if __name__ == "__main__": print getitem('database', context) print getitem('database.port', context) print getitem('database.users.0', context) print getitem('admins', context) print getitem('domain.name', context) try: getitem('database.nosuchkey', context) except KeyError, e: print "Error:", e Thanks.

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  • List of Django model instance foreign keys losing consistency during state changes.

    - by Joshua
    I have model, Match, with two foreign keys: class Match(model.Model): winner = models.ForeignKey(Player) loser = models.ForeignKey(Player) When I loop over Match I find that each model instance uses a unique object for the foreign key. This ends up biting me because it introduces inconsistency, here is an example: >>> def print_elo(match_list): ... for match in match_list: ... print match.winner.id, match.winner.elo ... print match.loser.id, match.loser.elo ... >>> print_elo(teacher_match_list) 4 1192.0000000000 2 1192.0000000000 5 1208.0000000000 2 1192.0000000000 5 1208.0000000000 4 1192.0000000000 >>> teacher_match_list[0].winner.elo = 3000 >>> print_elo(teacher_match_list) 4 3000 # Object 4 2 1192.0000000000 5 1208.0000000000 2 1192.0000000000 5 1208.0000000000 4 1192.0000000000 # Object 4 >>> I solved this problem like so: def unify_refrences(match_list): """Makes each unique refrence to a model instance non-unique. In cases where multiple model instances are being used django creates a new object for each model instance, even if it that means creating the same instance twice. If one of these objects has its state changed any other object refrencing the same model instance will not be updated. This method ensure that state changes are seen. It makes sure that variables which hold objects pointing to the same model all hold the same object. Visually this means that a list of [var1, var2] whose internals look like so: var1 --> object1 --> model1 var2 --> object2 --> model1 Will result in the internals being changed so that: var1 --> object1 --> model1 var2 ------^ """ match_dict = {} for match in match_list: try: match.winner = match_dict[match.winner.id] except KeyError: match_dict[match.winner.id] = match.winner try: match.loser = match_dict[match.loser.id] except KeyError: match_dict[match.loser.id] = match.loser My question: Is there a way to solve the problem more elegantly through the use of QuerySets without needing to call save at any point? If not, I'd like to make the solution more generic: how can you get a list of the foreign keys on a model instance or do you have a better generic solution to my problem? Please correct me if you think I don't understand why this is happening.

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  • How to get "paster request" to use config host value instead of localhost?

    - by mmartinez
    I'm trying to access my pylons application via cron job to send notifications to my users. The way I'm doing this is by running the application using something like: paster request myconfig.ini /maintenance/do In the actual controller I check for the "paste.command_request" to block public access. Everything works but the only problem is that within the notifications that I send to my users there is a link to their profile and the host is "localhost" which should instead be the domain name of the application. When the notifications are sent from within the served application (say, a user modifies their settings on the site) the notifications have the correct url. I am using mako to render my email tamplates and within the template I am using the "pylons.url" method with "qualified" set to "True". Am I missing something here? Thanks in advance.

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  • How can I use functools.partial on multiple methods on an object, and freeze parameters out of order

    - by Joseph Garvin
    I find functools.partial to be extremely useful, but I would like to be able to freeze arguments out of order (the argument you want to freeze is not always the first one) and I'd like to be able to apply it to several methods on a class at once, to make a proxy object that has the same methods as the underlying object except with some of its methods parameter being frozen (think of it as generalizing partial to apply to classes). I've managed to scrap together a version of functools.partial called 'bind' that lets me specify parameters out of order by passing them by keyword argument. That part works: >>> def foo(x, y): ... print x, y ... >>> bar = bind(foo, y=3) >>> bar(2) 2 3 But my proxy class does not work, and I'm not sure why: >>> class Foo(object): ... def bar(self, x, y): ... print x, y ... >>> a = Foo() >>> b = PureProxy(a, bar=bind(Foo.bar, y=3)) >>> b.bar(2) Traceback (most recent call last): File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module> TypeError: bar() takes exactly 3 arguments (2 given) I'm probably doing this all sorts of wrong because I'm just going by what I've pieced together from random documentation, blogs, and running dir() on all the pieces. Suggestions both on how to make this work and better ways to implement it would be appreciated ;) One detail I'm unsure about is how this should all interact with descriptors. Code follows. from types import MethodType class PureProxy(object): def __init__(self, underlying, **substitutions): self.underlying = underlying for name in substitutions: subst_attr = substitutions[name] if hasattr(subst_attr, "underlying"): setattr(self, name, MethodType(subst_attr, self, PureProxy)) def __getattribute__(self, name): return getattr(object.__getattribute__(self, "underlying"), name) def bind(f, *args, **kwargs): """ Lets you freeze arguments of a function be certain values. Unlike functools.partial, you can freeze arguments by name, which has the bonus of letting you freeze them out of order. args will be treated just like partial, but kwargs will properly take into account if you are specifying a regular argument by name. """ argspec = inspect.getargspec(f) argdict = copy(kwargs) if hasattr(f, "im_func"): f = f.im_func args_idx = 0 for arg in argspec.args: if args_idx >= len(args): break argdict[arg] = args[args_idx] args_idx += 1 num_plugged = args_idx def new_func(*inner_args, **inner_kwargs): args_idx = 0 for arg in argspec.args[num_plugged:]: if arg in argdict: continue if args_idx >= len(inner_args): # We can't raise an error here because some remaining arguments # may have been passed in by keyword. break argdict[arg] = inner_args[args_idx] args_idx += 1 f(**dict(argdict, **inner_kwargs)) new_func.underlying = f return new_func

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  • Finding inline style with lxml.cssselector

    - by ropa
    New to this library (no more familiar with BeautifulSoup either, sadly), trying to do something very simple (search by inline style): <td style="padding: 20px">blah blah </td> I just want to select all tds where style="padding: 20px", but I can't seem to figure it out. All the examples show how to select td, such as: for col in page.cssselect('td'): but that doesn't help me much.

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  • Is it Pythonic to have a class keep track of its instances?

    - by Lightbreeze
    Take the following code snippet class Missile: instances = [] def __init__(self): Missile.instances.append(self) Now take the code: class Hero(): ... def fire(self): Missile() When the hero fires, a missile needs to be created and appended to the main list. Thus the hero object needs to reference the list when it fires. Here are a few solutions, although I'm sure there are others: Make the list a global, Use a class variable (as above), or Have the hero object hold a reference to the list. I didn't post this on gamedev because my question is actually more general: Is the previous code considered okay? Given a situation like this, is there a more Pythonic solution?

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  • Sort and limit queryset by comment count and date using queryset.extra() (django)

    - by thornomad
    I am trying to sort/narrow a queryset of objects based on the number of comments each object has as well as by the timeframe during which the comments were posted. Am using a queryset.extra() method (using django_comments which utilizes generic foreign keys). I got the idea for using queryset.extra() (and the code) from here. This is a follow-up question to my initial question yesterday (which shows I am making some progress). Current Code: What I have so far works in that it will sort by the number of comments; however, I want to extend the functionality and also be able to pass a time frame argument (eg, 7 days) and return an ordered list of the most commented posts in that time frame. Here is what my view looks like with the basic functionality in tact: import datetime from django.contrib.comments.models import Comment from django.contrib.contenttypes.models import ContentType from django.db.models import Count, Sum from django.views.generic.list_detail import object_list def custom_object_list(request, queryset, *args, **kwargs): '''Extending the list_detail.object_list to allow some sorting. Example: http://example.com/video?sort_by=comments&days=7 Would get a list of the videos sorted by most comments in the last seven days. ''' try: # this is where I started working on the date business ... days = int(request.GET.get('days', None)) period = datetime.datetime.utcnow() - datetime.timedelta(days=int(days)) except (ValueError, TypeError): days = None period = None sort_by = request.GET.get('sort_by', None) ctype = ContentType.objects.get_for_model(queryset.model) if sort_by == 'comments': queryset = queryset.extra(select={ 'count' : """ SELECT COUNT(*) AS comment_count FROM django_comments WHERE content_type_id=%s AND object_pk=%s.%s """ % ( ctype.pk, queryset.model._meta.db_table, queryset.model._meta.pk.name ), }, order_by=['-count']).order_by('-count', '-created') return object_list(request, queryset, *args, **kwargs) What I've Tried: I am not well versed in SQL but I did try just to add another WHERE criteria by hand to see if I could make some progress: SELECT COUNT(*) AS comment_count FROM django_comments WHERE content_type_id=%s AND object_pk=%s.%s AND submit_date='2010-05-01 12:00:00' But that didn't do anything except mess around with my sort order. Any ideas on how I can add this extra layer of functionality? Thanks for any help or insight.

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  • wx paste image into panel

    - by Moayyad Yaghi
    hello i need to find a way to copy an image from a software .. ( microsoft paint for example ) and paste it into my own pain tool that i made using wxpython .. how do i read the image that has been loaded into memory ? so i can paste it hope idea is clear enough thanks in advance

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  • Django and conditional aggregates

    - by piquadrat
    I have two models, authors and articles: class Author(models.Model): name = models.CharField('name', max_length=100) class Article(models.Model) title = models.CharField('title', max_length=100) pubdate = models.DateTimeField('publication date') authors = models.ManyToManyField(Author) Now I want to select all authors and annotate them with their respective article count. That's a piece of cake with Django's aggregates. Problem is, it should only count the articles that are already published. According to ticket 11305 in the Django ticket tracker, this is not yet possible. I tried to use the CountIf annotation mentioned in that ticket, but it doesn't quote the datetime string and doesn't make all the joins it would need. So, what's the best solution, other than writing custom SQL?

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  • Server authorization with MD5 and SQL.

    - by Charles
    I currently have a SQL database of passwords stored in MD5. The server needs to generate a unique key, then sends to the client. In the client, it will use the key as a salt then hash together with the password and send back to the server. The only problem is that the the SQL DB has the passwords in MD5 already. Therefore for this to work, I would have to MD5 the password client side, then MD5 it again with the salt. Am I doing this wrong, because it doesn't seem like a proper solution. Any information is appreciated.

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  • Creating a QuerySet based on a ManyToManyField in Django

    - by River Tam
    So I've got two classes; Picture and Tag that are as follows: class Tag(models.Model): pics = models.ManyToManyField('Picture', blank=True) name = models.CharField(max_length=30) # stuff omitted class Picture(models.Model): name = models.CharField(max_length=100) pub_date = models.DateTimeField('date published') tags = models.ManyToManyField('Tag', blank=True) content = models.ImageField(upload_to='instaton') #stuff omitted And what I'd like to do is get a queryset (for a ListView) given a tag name that contains the most recent X number of Pictures that are tagged as such. I've looked up very similar problems, but none of the responses make any sense to me at all. How would I go about creating this queryset?

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  • Start PyGTK cellrenderer edit from code

    - by mkotechno
    I have a treeview with an editable CellRendererText: self.renderer = gtk.CellRendererText() self.renderer.set_property('editable', True) But now I need to launch the edition from code instead from user, this is to focus the user attention in the fact he just created a new row and needs to be named. I tried this but does not work: self.renderer.start_editing( gtk.gdk.Event(gtk.gdk.NOTHING), self.treeview, str(index), gtk.gdk.Rectangle(), gtk.gdk.Rectangle(), 0) Neither does not throw errors, but the documentation about for what is each argument is not clear, in fact I really don't know if start_editing method is for this. All suggestions are welcome, thanks.

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  • combining two select statements to return one result

    - by DalivDali
    I need to combine the results for two select queries from two view tables, from which I am performing calculations. Perhaps there is an easier way to perform a query using if...else - any pointers? Essentially I need to divide everything by 'ar.time_ratio' under the condition in sql query 1, and ignore that for query 2. SELECT gs.traffic_date, gs.domain_group, gs.clicks/ar.time_ratio as 'Scaled_clicks', gs.visitors/ar.time_ratio as 'scaled_visitors', gs.revenue/ar.time_ratio as 'scaled_revenue', (gs.revenue/gs.clicks)/ar.time_ratio as 'scaled_average_cpc', (gs.clicks)/(gs.visitors)/ar.time_ratio as 'scaled_ctr', gs.average_rpm/ar.time_ratio as 'scaled_rpm', (((gs.revenue)/(gs.visitors))/ar.time_ratio)*1000 as "Ecpm" FROM group_stats gs, v_active_ratio ar WHERE ar.group_id=gs.domain_group and SELECT gs.traffic_date, gs.domain_group, gs.clicks, gs.visitors, gs.revenue, (gs.revenue/gs.clicks) as 'average_cpc', (gs.clicks)/(gs.visitors) as 'average_ctr', gs.average_rpm, ((gs.revenue)/(gs.visitors))*1000 as "Ecpm" FROM group_stats gs, v_active_ratio ar where not ar.group_id=gs.domain_group

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  • socket.shutdown vs socket.close

    - by Jason Baker
    I recently saw a bit of code that looked like this (with sock being a socket object of course): sock.shutdown(socket.SHUT_RDWR) sock.close() What exactly is the purpose of calling shutdown on the socket and then closing it? If it makes a difference, this socket is being used for non-blocking IO.

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  • Map only certain parts of the class to a database using SQLAlchemy?

    - by Az
    When mapping an object using SQLAlchemy, is there a way to only map certain elements of a class to a database, or does it have to be a 1:1 mapping? Example: class User(object): def __init__(self, name, username, password, year_of_birth): self.name = name self.username = username self.password = password self.year_of_birth = year_of_birth Say, for whatever reason, I only wish to map the name, username and password to the database and leave out the year_of_birth. Is that possible and will this create problems? Edit - 25/03/2010 Additionally, say I want to map username and year_of_birth to a separate database. Will this database and the one above still be connected (via username)?

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  • Pythonic / itertools way to go through a dict?

    - by dmd
    def reportCSV(t): ret = '' for ev in t: for p in t[ev]: for w in t[ev][p]: ret += ','.join((ev, p, w, t[ev][p][w])) + '\n' return ret What is a more pythonic way to do this, e.g. using itertools or the like? In this case I'm just writing it out to a CSV file. t is a dict t[ev] is a dict t[ev][p] is a dict t[ev][p][w] is a float I'm not sure how I'd use itertools.product in this case.

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  • Proper way to set object instance variables

    - by ensnare
    I'm writing a class to insert users into a database, and before I get too far in, I just want to make sure that my OO approach is clean: class User(object): def setName(self,name): #Do sanity checks on name self._name = name def setPassword(self,password): #Check password length > 6 characters #Encrypt to md5 self._password = password def commit(self): #Commit to database >>u = User() >>u.setName('Jason Martinez') >>u.setPassword('linebreak') >>u.commit() Is this the right approach? Should I declare class variables up top? Should I use a _ in front of all the class variables to make them private? Thanks for helping out.

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  • [Gdata] GetAuthSubToken returns None

    - by Matt
    Hey guys, I am a little lost on how to get the auth token. Here is the code I am using on the return from authorizing my app: client = gdata.service.GDataService() gdata.alt.appengine.run_on_appengine(client) sessionToken = gdata.auth.extract_auth_sub_token_from_url(self.request.uri) client.UpgradeToSessionToken(sessionToken) logging.info(client.GetAuthSubToken()) what gets logged is "None" so that does seem right :-( if I use this: temp = client.upgrade_to_session_token(sessionToken) logging.info(dump(temp)) I get this: {'scopes': ['http://www.google.com/calendar/feeds/'], 'auth_header': 'AuthSub token=CNKe7drpFRDzp8uVARjD-s-wAg'} so I can see that I am getting a AuthSub Token and I guess I could just parse that and grab the token but that doesn't seem like the way things should work. If I try to use AuthSubTokenInfo I get this: Traceback (most recent call last): File "/Applications/GoogleAppEngineLauncher.app/Contents/Resources/GoogleAppEngine-default.bundle/Contents/Resources/google_appengine/google/appengine/ext/webapp/__init__.py", line 507, in __call__ handler.get(*groups) File "controllers/indexController.py", line 47, in get logging.info(client.AuthSubTokenInfo()) File "/Users/matthusby/Dropbox/appengine/projects/FBCal/gdata/service.py", line 938, in AuthSubTokenInfo token = self.token_store.find_token(scopes[0]) TypeError: 'NoneType' object is unsubscriptable so it looks like my token_store is not getting filled in correctly, is that something I should be doing? Also I am using gdata 2.0.9 Thanks Matt

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  • Running Flask framework on App Engine: Could not find module app.cgi

    - by Linc
    I'm running this Flask example app on App Engine: http://github.com/gigq/flasktodo You can see on the github page that app.cgi is in the main directory for this project. However, when I run this code I get an error complaining about a missing app.cgi: ERROR 2010-05-01 16:43:47,006 dev_appserver.py:2109] Encountered error loading module "app.cgi": <type 'exceptions.ImportError'>: Could not find module app.cgi Traceback (most recent call last): File "/opt/google_appengine/google/appengine/tools/dev_appserver.py", line 2096, in LoadTargetModule module_code = import_hook.get_code(module_fullname) File "/opt/google_appengine/google/appengine/tools/dev_appserver.py", line 1279, in Decorate return func(self, *args, **kwargs) File "/opt/google_appengine/google/appengine/tools/dev_appserver.py", line 1956, in get_code full_path, search_path, submodule = self.GetModuleInfo(fullname) File "/opt/google_appengine/google/appengine/tools/dev_appserver.py", line 1279, in Decorate return func(self, *args, **kwargs) File "/opt/google_appengine/google/appengine/tools/dev_appserver.py", line 1908, in GetModuleInfo submodule, search_path = self.GetParentSearchPath(fullname) File "/opt/google_appengine/google/appengine/tools/dev_appserver.py", line 1279, in Decorate return func(self, *args, **kwargs) File "/opt/google_appengine/google/appengine/tools/dev_appserver.py", line 1887, in GetParentSearchPath parent_package = self.GetParentPackage(fullname) File "/opt/google_appengine/google/appengine/tools/dev_appserver.py", line 1279, in Decorate return func(self, *args, **kwargs) File "/opt/google_appengine/google/appengine/tools/dev_appserver.py", line 1864, in GetParentPackage raise ImportError('Could not find module %s' % fullname) ImportError: Could not find module app.cgi How do I indicate to dev_appserver.py where to look to find it?

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  • cannot output a json encoded dict containing accents (noob inside)

    - by user296546
    Hi all, here is a fairly simple example wich is driving me nuts since a couple of days. Considering the following script: # -*- coding: utf-8 -* from json import dumps as json_dumps machaine = u"une personne émérite" print(machaine) output = {} output[1] = machaine jsonoutput = json_dumps(output) print(jsonoutput) The result of this from cli: une personne émérite {"1": "une personne \u00e9m\u00e9rite"} I don't understand why their such a difference between the two strings. i have been trying all sorts of encode, decode etc but i can't seem to be able to find the right way to do it. Does anybody has an idea ? Thanks in advance. Matthieu

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  • Custom pyGTK button

    - by Wallter
    I would like to create a button that I can control the look of the button using pyGTK. How would I go about doing this? I would like to be able to point to a new image for each 'state' the button is in (i.e. Pressed, mouse over, normal...etc.)

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  • Parse http GET and POST parameters from BaseHTTPHandler?

    - by ataylor
    BaseHTTPHandler from the BaseHTTPServer module doesn't seem to provide any convenient way to access http request parameters. What is the best way to parse the GET parameters from the path, and the POST parameters from the request body? Right now, I'm using this for GET: def do_GET(self): parsed_path = urlparse.urlparse(self.path) try: params = dict([p.split('=') for p in parsed_path[4].split('&')]) except: params = {} This works for most cases, but I'd like something more robust that handles encodings and cases like empty parameters properly. Ideally, I'd like something small and standalone, rather than a full web framework.

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