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• Windows W8, L8 and now H8

  - by raccoon_tim

  Windows 8 is having to endure with a lot of headwind at the moment. The weather forecast doesn’t appear to improve in the near future either with prominent game developers and publishers taking to the barricades accusing Microsoft of building a closed ecosystem. I am forced to side with this opinion as I too see services the likes of Steam as playing an important role in the gaming world, which just happens to be an industry that cannot be sidelined. What Microsoft is attempting to do is merge the PC and mobile markets. The Windows Marketplace is to be the only place where you can purchase Windows applications in the future starting now with Metro apps. This is what Apple, Google and Microsoft have been doing with mobile devices for some time now and it’s what we have all come to expect. The PC market is different, however. It has always been open, which has resulted in a diverse market allowing for third parties to build successful distribution and marketing networks. You could argue that Microsoft is just doing something that Steam has been doing for a long time now but the difference is that Microsoft would own both the marketplace AND that operating system, which would eventually give it dominance over the whole Windows application distribution network. Currently there is no real alternative to Windows in the PC gaming world but I would expect to see Mac OS and Linux getting more popular if Microsoft does not notice the signals coming from the gaming industry and choose to once again open up the markets on the PC.

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• How you choose your first job as a programmer? [on hold]

  - by sliter

  For Brief I am a recently graduated CS student. I am looking for a job these days, but I have no idea what kind of software development jobs I like(embedded system,web development or else...). And I am looking for your advice. Here is a little more While I was a student, I had an one year internship experience as a system engineer in a semi-conductor company where I wrote Linux driver, tuned system performance, etc.. I was happy about this experience as it allowed me to deepen my understanding of the operating system and different low level things. And I thought "Em, I will continue in the embedded area after I graduate". At the end of my study, I am doing an another internship in web development, both front-end and back-end. And I also enjoys a lot the process of learning new things and making it work (Backbone, Node, socketio, etc..). Now, when I am looking for a software development position, I do not know what to apply! All I know is that I want a job which allows me to keep up with the trends instead of repeating. But besides this, I've no idea what specific type of job I want to do. Turn back to embedded system? Continue with web development? Change to other promising areas(data mining)? All these development positions makes no big difference to me. But I think this is not good and I need some criteria at choosing. So I am looking for advice and I would really appreciate if you can share your experience.

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• How to move a selcection of files into a new folder via the right click menu?

  - by LinuxDudester

  I recently switch from OSX to Xubuntu 14.04 and I'm loving my new found freedom. For the most part I've managed to customize my Linux operating system to my needs and likes. But theres one feature I'm missing the most. I need to toss a bunch of items in a folder really fast, since I am working with lots of images and text files. In OS X there was a nifty shortcut that manages the operation in one fell swoop so you don't have to make a folder and then take further action to populate it. All I needed to is to select the items I want in the Finder (file manager), right-click on them to bring up OS X's contextual menu, and choose the first option: New Folder with Selection. The Finder will then create a new folder with those items stored safely inside, removing at least one step from the process for you automatically. Super easy! Now I was wondering how can I do this in Linux? Or most importantly in Xubuntu? Any help would be greatly appreciated!

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• Why is heap size fixed on JVMs?

  - by themel

  Can anyone explain to me why JVMs (I didn't check too many, but I've never seen one that didn't do it that way) need to run on a fixed heap size? I know it's easier to implement on a simple contiguous heap, but the Sun JVM is now over a decade old, so I'd expect them to have had time to improve this. Needing to define the maximum memory size of your program at startup time seems such a 1960s thing to do, and then there are the bad interactions with OS virtual memory management (GC retrieving swapped out data, inability to determine how much memory the Java process is really using from the OS side, huge amounts of VM space wasted (I know, you don't care on your fancy 48bit machines...)). I also guess that the various sad attempts to build small operating systems inside the JVM (EE application servers, OSGi) are at least partially to blame on this circumstance, because running multiple Java processes on a system invariably leads to wasted resources because you have to give each of them the memory it might have to use at peak. Surprisingly, Google didn't yield the storms of outrage over this that I would expect, but they may just have been buried under the millions of people finding out about fixed heap size and just accepting it for a fact.

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• Will Ubuntu work out on my mother's computer?

  - by PleaseStand

  My mother had an old Compaq desktop computer running Windows 98, which she used for occasional Web browsing and playing cards. Recently, a relative brought up a newer computer; it ran Windows XP. Unfortunately, the hard drive failed soon afterward, forcing me to reinstall the operating system. Not having the original Windows disc or product key led me to consider Ubuntu Linux. Will it work for mom? Is the hardware compatible? (Check the history of this question for the full specifications.) Would Ubuntu/Xubuntu suffice, or would I be better off buying a new copy of Windows? Is her card game (Hoyle Card Games 3) likely to run on Wine? I believe the minimum system requirement is Windows 95. Failing Wine compatibility, is running Windows 98 on VirtualBox an option on such an old computer? Are there any equally good card games for Linux? She plays mainly Bridge, Poker, and Solitaire. Is there any "Large Fonts" option for those with poor vision? Is it possible to use a serial mouse?

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• "bug" in C++11 text by Stroustrup?

  - by Astara

  I found an apparent contradiction in the c++ text having to do with the result of the c_str() function operating on std:strings (in my copy, the definition and contradiction are on p1040). First it defines the c_str() function as something that produces a 'C-style' (zero-terminated) string, but later it talks about how a C++ c_str value can have embed a 'C'-style, end-of-string terminators (i.e. NUL's) embedded in the string (that is defined by being NUL terminated). Um... does anyone else feel that this is a 'stretching' of the definition of a C-string beyond it's definition? I.e. I think what it means, is that if you were to look at the length() function as applied to the string, it will show a different end of string than using the C-definition of a z-string -- one that can contain any character except NUL, and is terminated by NUL. I likely don't have to worry about it in my of my programs, but it seems like a subtle distinction that makes a C++ c_str, not really a 'C'-string. Am I misunderstanding this issue? Thanks!

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• Battery life low on notebook using ubuntu 11.10 vs. windows 7

  - by les

  Im using a brand new Dell XPS notebook (bought mar 2012) which has 4.5 hrs battery life using a 6 cell battery-when i use windows 7. The machine uses an Intel core 17 2670qm processor, and a 64 bit operating system. I downloaded Ubuntu 11.10 and installed it on a USB drive, which is how i use it. I still have Windows 7 on the machine. When the machine is booting up I hit F12, and run Ubuntu from the flash drive instead of the machine booting Windows, as it normally would. On the Ubuntu menu, on the top right area, there is a battery menu, which shows how long to charge battery, or how much life left etc..with a fully charged battery the most Ubuntu will give me is 1.5 hrs. I've adjusted all power setting etc by clicking on the battery meter where i can make these adjustments, and have even turned down the brightness on the monitor. I've read through these questions here, and a user wrote to install Ubuntu 12(?)(the alpha version) when it's out this month(april), and this has better power management. Other forums (Ubuntu wiki) state that windows 7 controls power management effectively because it's configured to work with the hardware. I'd like to install Ubuntu and wipe windows but can't because of this issue. I need my notebook to go hours, not an hour and a bit. Can anybody recommend possibly a good software to use, that will work with the machines bios under Ubuntu? Another thought of mine, is- since I didn't yet wipe windows off my hard disk, is windows still possibly controlling the power mgmt aspect on the machine? I've thought of calling tech support at Dell and asking for help there, maybe Dell has something (a tweak?), I can download that'll work under Ubuntu. Looking forward to any help/suggestions i can get here, i'm really stuck on this..

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• How to learn to program [on hold]

  - by user94914

  I went to a community college and got a degree in computer science, but I found out I only learn very little about programming. As a result I landed byself a office assistant work (for a year now), I want to study on my own and apply for some internship / very entry level development job. I am wondering how should a person learn to program now? I feel that I might not doing it correctly, I understand everyone has a different approach, but I am really clueless on what to do, as it seems I am 5-10 years away. 1) Read the old college programming textbook cover to cover, learn every single concepts, do all the practice problems and master them (1-2 times until error free). Currently reading this java book 2) Work on any project, keep on googling and reading tutorials (including the books on that specific language). I have been doing 1, but the progress is really slow, about 2-5 pages / hour, over a 1000+ page book, I felt really discouraged. I have a few of them to go through (data struction, analyis algorthim, computer theory, operating system.) I wonder is this the right method to do? I know it is going to take time, but I am hoping to get some advice from current programmers.

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• Problem installing Ubuntu 14.04 into a laptop using Windows 8.1

  - by AlexanderFreud

  I have used Ubuntu on my LG laptop for several years. I lately bought an Acer Aspire V5 laptop which included Windows 8.1. I don't have any data on it; I would like to just remove it completely (that horrible Windows 8.1) and install Ubuntu. I tried using a USB device with Ubuntu 14.04 (64bit version) saved on it. I changed the BIOS configuration, putting USB device first on boot order, Windows Boot Manager last. When I try to run with USB device it doesn't work. Messages like these show up: System doesn't have any USB boot option. Please select other boot option in Boot Manager Menu. Windows failed to start. A recent hardware or software change might be the cause. To fix the problem: 1. insert your windows installation disc and restart your computer 2. choose your language settings, and then click "next" 3. click "repair your computer" If you do not have this disk, contact your system administrator manufacturer for assistance File \ubuntu\winboot\wubildr.mbr Status: 0xc000007b Info: the application or operating system couldn't be load...[?] required file is missing or contains errors. Could someone please write step-by-step procedures to install Ubuntu 14.04 after removing Windows 8.1 ? I already have done a second partition on the hard disk just in case.

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• Delete Ubuntu and Grub from PC (and BIOS unaccessible)

  - by Temitope

  I've really done a mess while upgrading 12.04 to 12.10, or my PC did, or ubuntu did, I can't really tell. The situation now is I have a dual booting machine, Windows 7 and ubuntu 12.10 -When turning on the PC, I can't access boot options, I've tried every thing, esc, f1 f8, f10 (I have a Hp pavilion) but all I can see is a short-lasting screen with three lines reading something like "error:files not found" or "link not found". So the PC turns to the Grub loader screen. This is already a BIG problem. It means I can't change boot order, and I'm diperate, since it doensn't seem that repairing my operating systems will bring my BIOS back. -If I chose Ubuntu in grup, it loades but then frezes on the desktop, I may be having problem with unity3d, or compiz, which was reported to be crashing the first times I started ubuntu. Now, after turning off and on the pc several times, no crash is reported again. Ubuntu just load my background image and nothing else. Not the side menu, not the header, nothing. Althogh the system seems "functioning", when I press the power button on the PC, for example, the normal shutdown dialog window appears. -If I chose Windows, Grubs tells me that something is not found, and to press any key to continue; I do it and then Windows loads perfectly. What I now want to do is 1- use EasyBSD to change boot order and boot Windows partition first 2- delete the ubuntu partitions from within windows disk manager What I except happening is that My PC turns to, or near to factory booting settings: I press the power button and Windows loads without asking me nothing I have acess to all my hardisk from withing windows Is that what will really happen? Are there danger I'm not seeing? What I don't except happening is The BIOS access key return functioning How could I eventually solve this? I would like to reinstall Ubuntu, 32 bit version this time.

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• C programming multiple storage backends

  - by ahjmorton

  I am starting a side project in C which requires multiple storage backends to be driven by a particular piece of logic. These storage backends would each be linked with the decision of which one to use specified at runtime. So for example if I invoke my program with one set of parameters it will perform the operations in memory but if I change the program configuration it would write to disk. The underlying idea is that each storage backend should implement the same protocol. In other words the logic for performing operations should need to know which backend it is operating on. Currently the way I have thought to provide this indirection is to have a struct of function pointers with the logic calling these function pointers. Essentially the struct would contain all the operations needed to implement the higher level logic E.g. struct Context { void (* doPartOfDoOp)(void) int (* getResult)(void); } //logic.h void doOp(Context * context) { //bunch of stuff context->doPartOfDoOp(); } int getResult(Context * context) { //bunch of stuff return context->getResult(); } My questions is if this way of solving the problem is one a C programmer would understand? I am a Java developer by trade but enjoy using C/++. Essentially the Context struct provides an interface like level of indirection. However I would like to know if there is a more idiomatic way of achieving this.

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• SSH X11 not working

  - by azat

  I have a home and work computer, the home computer has a static IP address. If I ssh from my work computer to my home computer, the ssh connection works but X11 applications are not displayed. In my /etc/ssh/sshd_config at home: X11Forwarding yes X11DisplayOffset 10 X11UseLocalhost yes At work I have tried the following commands: xhost + home HOME_IP ssh -X home ssh -X HOME_IP ssh -Y home ssh -Y HOME_IP My /etc/ssh/ssh_config at work: Host * ForwardX11 yes ForwardX11Trusted yes My ~/.ssh/config at work: Host home HostName HOME_IP User azat PreferredAuthentications password ForwardX11 yes My ~/.Xauthority at work: -rw------- 1 azat azat 269 Jun 7 11:25 .Xauthority My ~/.Xauthority at home: -rw------- 1 azat azat 246 Jun 7 19:03 .Xauthority But it doesn't work After I make an ssh connection to home: $ echo $DISPLAY localhost:10.0 $ kate X11 connection rejected because of wrong authentication. X11 connection rejected because of wrong authentication. X11 connection rejected because of wrong authentication. X11 connection rejected because of wrong authentication. X11 connection rejected because of wrong authentication. X11 connection rejected because of wrong authentication. X11 connection rejected because of wrong authentication. X11 connection rejected because of wrong authentication. kate: cannot connect to X server localhost:10.0 I use iptables at home, but I've allowed port 22. According to what I've read that's all I need. UPD. With -vvv ... debug2: callback start debug2: x11_get_proto: /usr/bin/xauth list :0 2/dev/null debug1: Requesting X11 forwarding with authentication spoofing. debug2: channel 1: request x11-req confirm 1 debug2: client_session2_setup: id 1 debug2: fd 3 setting TCP_NODELAY debug2: channel 1: request pty-req confirm 1 ... When try to launch kate: debug1: client_input_channel_open: ctype x11 rchan 2 win 65536 max 16384 debug1: client_request_x11: request from 127.0.0.1 55486 debug2: fd 8 setting O_NONBLOCK debug3: fd 8 is O_NONBLOCK debug1: channel 2: new [x11] debug1: confirm x11 debug2: X11 connection uses different authentication protocol. X11 connection rejected because of wrong authentication. debug2: X11 rejected 2 i0/o0 debug2: channel 2: read failed debug2: channel 2: close_read debug2: channel 2: input open - drain debug2: channel 2: ibuf empty debug2: channel 2: send eof debug2: channel 2: input drain - closed debug2: channel 2: write failed debug2: channel 2: close_write debug2: channel 2: output open - closed debug2: X11 closed 2 i3/o3 debug2: channel 2: send close debug2: channel 2: rcvd close debug2: channel 2: is dead debug2: channel 2: garbage collecting debug1: channel 2: free: x11, nchannels 3 debug3: channel 2: status: The following connections are open: #1 client-session (t4 r0 i0/0 o0/0 fd 5/6 cc -1) #2 x11 (t7 r2 i3/0 o3/0 fd 8/8 cc -1) # The same as above repeate about 7 times kate: cannot connect to X server localhost:10.0 UPD2 Please provide your Linux distribution & version number. Are you using a default GNOME or KDE environment for X or something else you customized yourself? azat:~$ kded4 -version Qt: 4.7.4 KDE Development Platform: 4.6.5 (4.6.5) KDE Daemon: $Id$ Are you invoking ssh directly on a command line from a terminal window? What terminal are you using? xterm, gnome-terminal, or? How did you start the terminal running in the X environment? From a menu? Hotkey? or ? From terminal emulator `yakuake` Manualy press `Ctrl + N` and write commands Can you run xeyes from the same terminal window where the ssh -X fails? `xeyes` - is not installed But `kate` or another kde app is running Are you invoking the ssh command as the same user that you're logged into the X session as? From the same user UPD3 I also download ssh sources, and using debug2() write why it's report that version is different It see some cookies, and one of them is empty, another is MIT-MAGIC-COOKIE-1

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• Error when installing Lync Server, "Installing OcsCore.msi(Feature_LocalMgmtStore)...failure code 1603"

  - by Trikks

  Im battling to install Lync Server in a test environment and are at the "Install Local Configuration Store" step. The prerequisites seems alright but bombs when installing the OcsCore.msi ... Checking prerequisite SqlNativeClient...prerequisite satisfied. Checking prerequisite SqlBackcompat...prerequisite satisfied. Checking prerequisite UcmaRedist...prerequisite satisfied. Installing OcsCore.msi(Feature_LocalMgmtStore)...failure code 1603 Error returned while installing OcsCore.msi(Feature_LocalMgmtStore), code 1603. Please consult log at C:\Users\Administrator.HAWC\AppData\Local\Temp\1\Add-OcsCore.msi-Feature_LocalMgmtStore-[2012_07_08][12_00_27].log The logfile doesn't really help me either, this is the end of it Property(S): Privileged = 1 Property(S): USERNAME = Windows User Property(S): DATABASE = C:\Windows\Installer\9525f.msi Property(S): OriginalDatabase = C:\ProgramData\Microsoft\Lync Server\Deployment\cache\4.0.7577.0\setup\OcsCore.msi Property(S): UILevel = 2 Property(S): Preselected = 1 Property(S): ACTION = INSTALL Property(S): WIX_ACCOUNT_LOCALSYSTEM = NT AUTHORITY\SYSTEM Property(S): WIX_ACCOUNT_LOCALSERVICE = NT AUTHORITY\LOCAL SERVICE Property(S): WIX_ACCOUNT_NETWORKSERVICE = NT AUTHORITY\NETWORK SERVICE Property(S): WIX_ACCOUNT_ADMINISTRATORS = BUILTIN\Administrators Property(S): WIX_ACCOUNT_USERS = BUILTIN\Users Property(S): WIX_ACCOUNT_GUESTS = BUILTIN\Guests Property(S): ROOTDRIVE = C:\ Property(S): CostingComplete = 1 Property(S): OutOfDiskSpace = 0 Property(S): OutOfNoRbDiskSpace = 0 Property(S): PrimaryVolumeSpaceAvailable = 0 Property(S): PrimaryVolumeSpaceRequired = 0 Property(S): PrimaryVolumeSpaceRemaining = 0 Property(S): INSTALLLEVEL = 1 Property(S): SOURCEDIR = C:\ProgramData\Microsoft\Lync Server\Deployment\cache\4.0.7577.0\setup\ Property(S): SourcedirProduct = {9521B708-9D80-46A3-9E58-A74ACF4E343E} === Logging stopped: 2012-07-08 12:01:46 === MSI (s) (98:F8) [12:01:46:354]: Note: 1: 1729 MSI (s) (98:F8) [12:01:46:354]: Product: Microsoft Lync Server 2010, Core Components -- Configuration failed. MSI (s) (98:F8) [12:01:46:354]: Windows Installer reconfigured the product. Product Name: Microsoft Lync Server 2010, Core Components. Product Version: 4.0.7577.0. Product Language: 1033. Manufacturer: Microsoft Corporation. Reconfiguration success or error status: 1603. MSI (s) (98:F8) [12:01:46:356]: Deferring clean up of packages/files, if any exist MSI (s) (98:F8) [12:01:46:356]: MainEngineThread is returning 1603 MSI (s) (98:84) [12:01:46:362]: RESTART MANAGER: Session closed. MSI (s) (98:84) [12:01:46:362]: No System Restore sequence number for this installation. MSI (s) (98:84) [12:01:46:363]: User policy value 'DisableRollback' is 0 MSI (s) (98:84) [12:01:46:363]: Machine policy value 'DisableRollback' is 0 MSI (s) (98:84) [12:01:46:363]: Incrementing counter to disable shutdown. Counter after increment: 0 MSI (s) (98:84) [12:01:46:364]: Note: 1: 1402 2: HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Installer\Rollback\Scripts 3: 2 MSI (s) (98:84) [12:01:46:364]: Note: 1: 1402 2: HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Installer\Rollback\Scripts 3: 2 MSI (s) (98:84) [12:01:46:364]: Decrementing counter to disable shutdown. If counter >= 0, shutdown will be denied. Counter after decrement: -1 MSI (s) (98:84) [12:01:46:364]: Restoring environment variables MSI (s) (98:84) [12:01:46:373]: Destroying RemoteAPI object. MSI (s) (98:D4) [12:01:46:373]: Custom Action Manager thread ending. MSI (c) (20:64) [12:01:46:379]: Decrementing counter to disable shutdown. If counter >= 0, shutdown will be denied. Counter after decrement: -1 MSI (c) (20:64) [12:01:46:380]: MainEngineThread is returning 1603 === Verbose logging stopped: 2012-07-08 12:01:46 === Any advice where to start in this? Thanks

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• Error installing pkgconfig via macports

  - by Greg K

  I installed Macports 1.8.2 from a DMG. That seemed to install fine. I ran sudo port selfupdate to make sure my ports tree was current. I then tried to install bindfs as I want to mount some directories in my OS X file system (like you can do with mount --bind in linux). pkgconfig and macfuse are two dependencies of bindfs. I had trouble installing bindfs due to errors installing pkgconfig, so I tried to just install pkgconfig, here's the debug output from sudo port install pkgconfig: $ sudo port -d install pkgconfig DEBUG: Found port in file:///opt/local/var/macports/sources/rsync.macports.org/release/ports/devel/pkgconfig DEBUG: Changing to port directory: /opt/local/var/macports/sources/rsync.macports.org/release/ports/devel/pkgconfig DEBUG: OS Platform: darwin DEBUG: OS Version: 10.3.0 DEBUG: Mac OS X Version: 10.6 DEBUG: System Arch: i386 DEBUG: setting option os.universal_supported to yes DEBUG: org.macports.load registered provides 'load', a pre-existing procedure. Target override will not be provided DEBUG: org.macports.unload registered provides 'unload', a pre-existing procedure. Target override will not be provided DEBUG: org.macports.distfiles registered provides 'distfiles', a pre-existing procedure. Target override will not be provided DEBUG: adding the default universal variant DEBUG: Reading variant descriptions from /opt/local/var/macports/sources/rsync.macports.org/release/ports/_resources/port1.0/variant_descriptions.conf DEBUG: Requested variant darwin is not provided by port pkgconfig. DEBUG: Requested variant i386 is not provided by port pkgconfig. DEBUG: Requested variant macosx is not provided by port pkgconfig. ---> Computing dependencies for pkgconfig DEBUG: Executing org.macports.main (pkgconfig) DEBUG: Skipping completed org.macports.fetch (pkgconfig) DEBUG: Skipping completed org.macports.checksum (pkgconfig) DEBUG: Skipping completed org.macports.extract (pkgconfig) DEBUG: Skipping completed org.macports.patch (pkgconfig) ---> Configuring pkgconfig DEBUG: Using compiler 'Mac OS X gcc 4.2' DEBUG: Executing org.macports.configure (pkgconfig) DEBUG: Environment: CFLAGS='-O2 -arch x86_64' CPPFLAGS='-I/opt/local/include' CXXFLAGS='-O2 -arch x86_64' MACOSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET='10.6' CXX='/usr/bin/g++-4.2' F90FLAGS='-O2 -m64' LDFLAGS='-L/opt/local/lib' OBJC='/usr/bin/gcc-4.2' FCFLAGS='-O2 -m64' INSTALL='/usr/bin/install -c' OBJCFLAGS='-O2 -arch x86_64' FFLAGS='-O2 -m64' CC='/usr/bin/gcc-4.2' DEBUG: Assembled command: 'cd "/opt/local/var/macports/build/_opt_local_var_macports_sources_rsync.macports.org_release_ports_devel_pkgconfig/work/pkg-config-0.23" && ./configure --prefix=/opt/local --enable-indirect-deps --with-pc-path=/opt/local/lib/pkgconfig:/opt/local/share/pkgconfig' checking for a BSD-compatible install... /usr/bin/install -c checking whether build environment is sane... yes checking for gawk... no checking for mawk... no checking for nawk... no checking for awk... awk checking whether make sets $(MAKE)... no checking whether to enable maintainer-specific portions of Makefiles... no checking build system type... i386-apple-darwin10.3.0 checking host system type... i386-apple-darwin10.3.0 checking for style of include used by make... none checking for gcc... /usr/bin/gcc-4.2 checking for C compiler default output file name... configure: error: C compiler cannot create executables See `config.log' for more details. Error: Target org.macports.configure returned: configure failure: shell command " cd "/opt/local/var/macports/build/_opt_local_var_macports_sources_rsync.macports.org_release_ports_devel_pkgconfig/work/pkg-config-0.23" && ./configure --prefix=/opt/local --enable-indirect-deps --with-pc-path=/opt/local/lib/pkgconfig:/opt/local/share/pkgconfig " returned error 77 DEBUG: Backtrace: configure failure: shell command " cd "/opt/local/var/macports/build/_opt_local_var_macports_sources_rsync.macports.org_release_ports_devel_pkgconfig/work/pkg-config-0.23" && ./configure --prefix=/opt/local --enable-indirect-deps --with-pc-path=/opt/local/lib/pkgconfig:/opt/local/share/pkgconfig " returned error 77 while executing "$procedure $targetname" Warning: the following items did not execute (for pkgconfig): org.macports.activate org.macports.configure org.macports.build org.macports.destroot org.macports.install Error: Status 1 encountered during processing. I have only recently installed Xcode 3.2.2 (prior to installing macports). Am I right in thinking this the issue here: configure: error: C compiler cannot create executables

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• Sharing the same `ssh-agent` among multiple login sessions

  - by intuited

  Is there a convenient way to ensure that all logins from a given user (ie me) use the same ssh-agent? I hacked out a script to make this work most of the time, but I suspected all along that there was some way to do it that I had just missed. Additionally, since that time there have been amazing advances in computing technology, like for example this website. So the goal here is that whenever I log in to the box, regardless of whether it's via SSH, or in a graphical session started from gdm/kdm/etc, or at a console: if my username does not currently have an ssh-agent running, one is started, the environment variables exported, and ssh-add called. otherwise, the existing agent's coordinates are exported in the login session's environment variables. This facility is especially valuable when the box in question is used as a relay point when sshing into a third box. In this case it avoids having to type in the private key's passphrase every time you ssh in and then want to, for example, do git push or something. The script given below does this mostly reliably, although it botched recently when X crashed and I then started another graphical session. There might have been other screwiness going on in that instance. Here's my bad-is-good script. I source this from my .bashrc. # ssh-agent-procure.bash # v0.6.4 # ensures that all shells sourcing this file in profile/rc scripts use the same ssh-agent. # copyright me, now; licensed under the DWTFYWT license. mkdir -p "$HOME/etc/ssh"; function ssh-procure-launch-agent { eval `ssh-agent -s -a ~/etc/ssh/ssh-agent-socket`; ssh-add; } if [ ! $SSH_AGENT_PID ]; then if [ -e ~/etc/ssh/ssh-agent-socket ] ; then SSH_AGENT_PID=`ps -fC ssh-agent |grep 'etc/ssh/ssh-agent-socket' |sed -r 's/^\S+\s+(\S+).*$/\1/'`; if [[ $SSH_AGENT_PID =~ [0-9]+ ]]; then # in this case the agent has already been launched and we are just attaching to it. ##++ It should check that this pid is actually active & belongs to an ssh instance export SSH_AGENT_PID; SSH_AUTH_SOCK=~/etc/ssh/ssh-agent-socket; export SSH_AUTH_SOCK; else # in this case there is no agent running, so the socket file is left over from a graceless agent termination. rm ~/etc/ssh/ssh-agent-socket; ssh-procure-launch-agent; fi; else ssh-procure-launch-agent; fi; fi; Please tell me there's a better way to do this. Also please don't nitpick the inconsistencies/gaffes ( eg putting var stuff in etc ); I wrote this a while ago and have since learned many things.

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• rpm rollback ignoring rpms - no error output

  - by John H

  Issue rpm rollback is not working with a set of repackaged rpms created in the last couple days, but does work with more recent ones. [root@host1 repackage]# ls -l zsh-4.2.6-* -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1788283 Apr 10 2011 zsh-4.2.6-3.el5.i386.rpm -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1788691 Aug 18 04:38 zsh-4.2.6-5.el5.i386.rpm [root@host1 repackage]# rpm -q zsh zsh-4.2.6-6.el5 [root@host1 repackage]# rpm --test -Uvh --rollback 'Aug 18 01:00' [root@host1 repackage]# rpm -e zsh [root@host1 repackage]# [root@host1 repackage]# ls -l zsh* -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1788283 Apr 10 2011 zsh-4.2.6-3.el5.i386.rpm -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1788691 Aug 18 04:38 zsh-4.2.6-5.el5.i386.rpm -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1789064 Aug 20 09:06 zsh-4.2.6-6.el5.i386.rpm [root@host1 repackage]# cp zsh-4.2.6-6.el5.i386.rpm /tmp [root@host1 repackage]# rpm --test -Uvh --rollback 'Aug 18 01:00' Rollback packages (+1/-0) to Mon Aug 20 09:02:16 2012 (0x50323558): Preparing... ########################################### [100%] Cleaning up repackaged packages: Removing /var/spool/repackage/zsh-4.2.6-6.el5.i386.rpm: [root@host1 repackage]# ls -l zsh-4.2.6-* -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1788283 Apr 10 2011 zsh-4.2.6-3.el5.i386.rpm -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1788691 Aug 18 04:38 zsh-4.2.6-5.el5.i386.rpm [root@host1 repackage]# cp /tmp/zsh-4.2.6-6.el5.i386.rpm . [root@host1 repackage]# rpm -Uvh --rollback 'Aug 18 01:00' Rollback packages (+1/-0) to Mon Aug 20 09:06:05 2012 (0x5032363d): Preparing... ########################################### [100%] 1:zsh ########################################### [ 50%] Cleaning up repackaged packages: Removing /var/spool/repackage/zsh-4.2.6-6.el5.i386.rpm: [root@host1 repackage]# rpm --test -Uvh --rollback 'April 9' [root@host1 repackage]# Now, if I run my test commands with -Uvvh I get debug messages to stderror which shows me that rpm reads each of the rpm files in /var/spool/repackage. The only interesting bit is the "expected size" but after searching, the expected size should be different, as it records the files as they are on the filesystem. D: opening db environment /var/lib/rpm/Packages joinenv D: opening db index /var/lib/rpm/Packages rdonly mode=0x0 D: locked db index /var/lib/rpm/Packages D: opening db index /var/lib/rpm/Installtid rdonly mode=0x0 D: opening db index /var/lib/rpm/Pubkeys rdonly mode=0x0 D: read h# 769 Header sanity check: OK D: ========== DSA pubkey id 53268101 37017186 (h#769) D: read h# 32 Header V3 DSA signature: OK, key ID 37017186 D: read h# 40 Header V3 DSA signature: OK, key ID 37017186 ... D: read h# 1753 Header V3 DSA signature: OK, key ID 37017186 D: Expected size: 3628918 = lead(96)+sigs(344)+pad(0)+data(3628478) D: Actual size: 3583695 D: /var/spool/repackage/Deployment_Guide-en-US-5.2-11.noarch.rpm: Header V3 DSA signature: OK, key ID 37017186 D: Expected size: 1100789 = lead(96)+sigs(344)+pad(0)+data(1100349) D: Actual size: 1109281 D: /var/spool/repackage/NetworkManager-0.7.0-10.el5_5.2.i386.rpm: Header V3 DSA signature: OK, key ID 37017186 D: Expected size: 1098167 = lead(96)+sigs(344)+pad(0)+data(1097727) D: Actual size: 1106179 D: /var/spool/repackage/NetworkManager-0.7.0-9.el5.i386.rpm: Header V3 DSA signature: OK, key ID 37017186 D: Expected size: 84351 = lead(96)+sigs(344)+pad(0)+data(83911) D: Actual size: 85378 ... D: Expected size: 1788276 = lead(96)+sigs(344)+pad(0)+data(1787836) D: Actual size: 1788691 D: /var/spool/repackage/zsh-4.2.6-5.el5.i386.rpm: Header V3 DSA signature: OK, key ID 37017186 D: --- erase h#1758 D: closed db index /var/lib/rpm/Pubkeys D: closed db index /var/lib/rpm/Installtid D: closed db index /var/lib/rpm/Packages D: closed db environment /var/lib/rpm/Packages D: May free Score board((nil)) I am able to copy these rpms out of the repackage directory and if I run them through cpio, extract the files. I also tried backing up and rebuilding the rpm database - no change. System Information: RHEL 5.8 rpm 4.4.2.3 /etc/yum.conf tsflags=repackage /etc/rpm/macros %_repackage_all_erasures 1

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• Windows 7 .NET 3.5.1 - 2.0 Slightly Corrupted, How to Repair?

  - by Quinxy von Besiex

  My Windows 7 included .NET installation (3.5 to 2.0) appears very slightly and particularly corrupted and I am trying to fix it without reinstalling Windows or trying to revert to backups. Everything was working and then my hard drive started corrupting a few files and checkdisk found bad clusters so I imaged the drive to a new one. As soon as I booted on the new drive everything worked except programs which call the System.Net.NetworkInformation methods within .NET 3.5 to 2.0 (like Ping() and IsNetworkAvailable()), which immediately crash the app in which the calls are (those calls in .NET 4.0 works fine). Those methods are found inside System.dll, and I assume call native methods which I believe are inside winnsi.dll or iphlpapi.dll or something else (I've not found this yet); I assume it calls native methods because the exception which causes the crash is Fatal Execution Engine Error which people mention is usually related to calling native methods and marshaling data between them. A huge clue about the culprit is likely found in the fact that when I launch the exact same crashing application through a code profiler (which executes the exe and captures stats on which methods took the longest) the app works fine, no crash at all! How could running it within the profiler work and running it outside not work? That seems the key to the mystery. I've used procmon to catch all the registry, filesystem, and network events from the crashing execution and the profiler-run successful execution and compared the two outputs but didn't learn much (I see the moment at which the non-profiled app crashes, but up until then they behave the same, loaded the same modules, ). The only big difference seems to be that at the moment before the app crash the profiler-executed code creates 4-6 new threads and the directly executed code only creates 1-2. I have diffed the files/directories which seemed most relevant (the .NET stuff under Windows and Program Files) pre- and post- disk trouble and seen no changes where I didn't expect any (no obvious file corruption). I have diffed the software and system registry hives pre- and post- disk trouble and seen no changes which seemed relevant. I have created a new user account and cleaned up any environment variables in case environment was related. No change. I did "sfc /scannow" and it found no integrity problems. I tried "ngen update" to regenerate pre-compiled code in case I missed something that might be damaged and nothing changed. I assume I need to repair my .NET installation but because Windows 7 included .NET 3.5 - 2.0 you can't just re-run a .NET installer to redo it. I do not have access to the Windows disks to try to re-install Windows over itself (the computer has a recovery partition but it is unusable); also the drive uses a whole-disk encryption solution and re-installing would be difficult. I absolutely do not want to start from scratch here and install a fresh Windows, reinstall dozens of software packages, try and remember dozens of development-related customizations/etc. Given all that... does anyone have any helpful advice? I need .NET 3.5 - 2.0 working as I am a developer and need to build and test against it. Thanks! Quinxy

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• How to configure multiple iSCSI Portal Groups on a EqualLogic PS6100?

  - by kce

  I am working on a migration from a VMware vSphere environment to a Hyper-V Cluster utilizing Windows Server 2012 R2. The setup is pretty small, an EqualLogic PS6100e and two Dell PowerConnect 5424 switches and handful of R710s and R620s. The SAN was configured as a non-RFC1918 network that is not assigned to our organization and since I am working on building a new virtualization environment I figured that this would be an appropriate time to do a subnet migration. I configured a separate VLAN and subnet on the switches and the two previously unused NICs on the PS6100's controllers. At this time I only have a single Hyper-V host cabled in but I can successfully ping the PS6100 from the host. From the PS6100 I can ping each of the four NICs that currently on the storage network. I cannot connect the Microsoft iSCSI Initiator to the Target. I have successfully added the Target Portals (the IP addresses of PS6100 NICs) and the Targets are discovered but listed as inactive. If I try to Connect to them I get the following error, "Log onto Target - Connection Failed" and ISCSIPrt 1 and 70 events are recorded in the Event Log. I have verified that access control to the volume is not the problem by temporarily disabling it. I suspect the problem is with the Portal Group IP address which is still listed as Group Address of old subnet (I know, I know I might be committing the sin of the X/Y problem but everything else looks good): RFC3720 has this to say about Network Portal and Portal Groups: Network Portal: The Network Portal is a component of a Network Entity that has a TCP/IP network address and that may be used by an iSCSI Node within that Network Entity for the connection(s) within one of its iSCSI sessions. A Network Portal in an initiator is identified by its IP address. A Network Portal in a target is identified by its IP address and its listening TCP port. Portal Groups: iSCSI supports multiple connections within the same session; some implementations will have the ability to combine connections in a session across multiple Network Portals. A Portal Group defines a set of Network Portals within an iSCSI Network Entity that collectively supports the capability of coordinating a session with connections spanning these portals. Not all Network Portals within a Portal Group need participate in every session connected through that Portal Group. One or more Portal Groups may provide access to an iSCSI Node. Each Network Portal, as utilized by a given iSCSI Node, belongs to exactly one portal group within that node. The EqualLogic Group Manager documentation has this to say about the Group IP Address: You use the group IP address as the iSCSI discovery address when connecting initiators to iSCSI targets in the group. If you modify the group IP address, you might need to change your initiator configuration to use the new discovery address Changing the group IP address disconnects any iSCSI connections to the group and any administrators logged in to the group through the group IP address. Which sounds equivalent to me (I am following up with support to confirm). I think a reasonable explanation at this point is that the Initiator can't complete the connection to the Target because the Group IP Address / Network Portal is on a different subnet. I really want to avoid a cutover and would prefer to run both subnets side-by-side until I can install and configure each Hyper-V host. Question/s: Is my assessment at all reasonable? Is it possible to configure multiple Group IP Addresses on the EqualLogic PS6100? I don't want to just change it as it will disconnect the remaining ESXi hosts. Am I just Doing It Wrong(TM)?

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• can't login to new install of SQL 2008 x64 via SSMS

  - by tpcolson

  I have performed a fresh install of SQL 2008 x64 on a fresh install of Server 2008 R2 x64 in an AD environment. Upon install completion, I cannot login to the SQL Instance via SSMS, with the following error: Login failed for user domain\user. Reason: Token-based server access validation failed with an infrastructure error. Check for previous errors. [CLIENT: ]. Background: the server is correctly joined to the AD Domain, the install was performed with defaults, windows authentication only (per organizational rules), the SQL install completes with no errors, domain\user was added as SQL Amin during setup account provisioning, I am logged into to console as domain\user when this error occurs, windows firewall is OFF, UAC is ON (an will never be turned off in accordance with organizational policy). To troubleshoot this error I have tried: Run SSMS as administrator: fail; Start SQL in single user mode, run SSMS: fail Start SQL in single user mode, run SSMS as administrator: Success Start SQL in single user mode, run SSMS as administrator, remove domain\user from sysadmin group, re-add, run SSMS: fail; Any combination and permutation of log off and log on, reboot, and chant gregorian prayers: fail; Reimage server with 2008 x64, slipstream SP2 into SQL 2008 install, all above troubleshooting steps are repeatable exactly, so I've narrowed this down to not being a SP issue; (this is NOT 2008 SQL R2) Any suggestion on how to grant management access to this fresh install of SQL 2008 via SSMS? Our organizational policy is no console access to servers, management will be done via management tools intalled on client workstations. domain\user is a group of 8 users whom will have SSMS installed on workstations. However, we can't even access SQL via SSMS from the console! We cannot deploy this in an environment where these 8 users will have to sneak into the server closet on the weekends and have console access to SQL and run SSMS as administrator. EDIT: domain\group is a replacement for the actual object; the queries indicate that domain\group does indeed have the right privelges....!?! 1> EXEC xp_logininfo 'domain\group' go account name type privilege mapped login name permission path 'domain\group' group admin 'domain\group' NULL xp_logininfo seems to show 'domain\group' in the sql admin group; 1> SELECT A.name AS 'Role', B.name AS 'Login' 3> FROM sys.server_role_members C 5> INNER JOIN sys.server_principals A ON A.principal_id = C.role_principal_id 7> INNER JOIN sys.server_principals B ON B.principal_id = C.member_principal _id 9> go Role Login sysadmin sa sysadmin NT AUTHORITY\SYSTEM sysadmin NT SERVICE\MSSQLSERVER sysadmin NT SERVICE\SQLSERVERAGENT sysadmin domain\group 1> SELECT PRINCIPAL_ID AS [Principal ID], 2> NAME AS [User], 3> TYPE_DESC AS [Type Description], 4> IS_DISABLED AS [Status] 5> FROM sys.server_principals 6> GO Principal ID User Type Description Status ------------ ------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------ ------------------------------------------ ------ 1 sa SQL_LOGIN 1 2 public SERVER_ROLE 0 3 sysadmin SERVER_ROLE 0 4 securityadmin SERVER_ROLE 0 5 serveradmin SERVER_ROLE 0 6 setupadmin SERVER_ROLE 0 7 processadmin SERVER_ROLE 0 8 diskadmin SERVER_ROLE 0 9 dbcreator SERVER_ROLE 0 10 bulkadmin SERVER_ROLE 0 101 ##MS_SQLResourceSigningCertificate## CERTIFICATE_MAPPED _LOGIN 0 102 ##MS_SQLReplicationSigningCertificate## CERTIFICATE_MAPPED _LOGIN 0 103 ##MS_SQLAuthenticatorCertificate## CERTIFICATE_MAPPED _LOGIN 0 105 ##MS_PolicySigningCertificate## CERTIFICATE_MAPPED _LOGIN 0 257 ##MS_PolicyTsqlExecutionLogin## SQL_LOGIN 1 259 NT AUTHORITY\SYSTEM WINDOWS_LOGIN 0 260 NT SERVICE\MSSQLSERVER WINDOWS_GROUP 0 262 NT SERVICE\SQLSERVERAGENT WINDOWS_GROUP 0 263 ##MS_PolicyEventProcessingLogin## SQL_LOGIN 1 264 ##MS_AgentSigningCertificate## CERTIFICATE_MAPPED _LOGIN 0 265 domain\group WINDOWS_GROUP 0 (21 rows affected)

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• DRBD not syncing between my nodes when IP is reset

  - by ramdaz

  I am trying to setup DRBD by following the article at http://www.howtoforge.com/setting-up-network-raid1-with-drbd-on-ubuntu-11.10-p2 I am using Ubuntu 10.04 DRBD - 8.3.11 In the first run I had everything working perfectly and when shifting the systems to a production environment I decided to restart the Meta Data creation part and start from scratch. The IPs had changed entirely in the production environment. Issuing drdbadm create-md r0 in both the servers runs successfully. But when I do "drbdadm -- --overwrite-data-of-peer primary all" on the primary it fails to start the re sync. My config file is as given below resource r0 { protocol C; syncer { rate 50M; } startup { wfc-timeout 15; degr-wfc-timeout 60; } net { cram-hmac-alg sha1; shared-secret "aklsadkjlhdbskjndsf8738734jkfkjfkjf"; } on primaryds { device /dev/drbd0; disk /dev/md2; address 172.16.7.1:7788; meta-disk internal; } on secondaryds { device /dev/drbd0; disk /dev/md2; address 172.16.7.3:7788; meta-disk internal; } } Status on primary root at primaryds:~# cat /proc/drbd version: 8.3.7 (api:88/proto:86-91) GIT-hash: ea9e28dbff98e331a62bcbcc63a6135808fe2917 build by root at primaryds, 2012-05-12 15:08:01 0: cs:WFBitMapS ro:Primary/Secondary ds:UpToDate/Inconsistent C r---- ns:0 nr:0 dw:0 dr:200 al:0 bm:0 lo:0 pe:0 ua:0 ap:0 ep:1 wo:b oos:5690352828 Status on secondary root at secondaryds:/etc/drbd.d# cat /proc/drbd version: 8.3.7 (api:88/proto:86-91) GIT-hash: ea9e28dbff98e331a62bcbcc63a6135808fe2917 build by root at secondaryds, 2012-05-12 15:25:25 0: cs:WFBitMapT ro:Secondary/Primary ds:Inconsistent/UpToDate C r---- ns:0 nr:0 dw:0 dr:0 al:0 bm:0 lo:0 pe:0 ua:0 ap:0 ep:1 wo:b oos:5690352828 Log of Primary May 30 13:42:23 primaryds kernel: [ 1584.057076] block drbd0: role( Secondary -> Primary ) disk( Inconsistent -> UpToDate ) May 30 13:42:23 primaryds kernel: [ 1584.086264] block drbd0: Forced to consider local data as UpToDate! May 30 13:42:23 primaryds kernel: [ 1584.086303] block drbd0: Creating new current UUID May 30 13:42:26 primaryds kernel: [ 1586.405551] block drbd0: drbd_sync_handshake: May 30 13:42:26 primaryds kernel: [ 1586.405564] block drbd0: self E8A075F378173D4B:0000000000000004:0000000000000000:0000000000000000 bits:1422588207 flags:0 May 30 13:42:26 primaryds kernel: [ 1586.405574] block drbd0: peer 0000000000000004:0000000000000000:0000000000000000:0000000000000000 bits:1422588207 flags:0 May 30 13:42:26 primaryds kernel: [ 1586.405582] block drbd0: uuid_compare()=2 by rule 30 May 30 13:42:26 primaryds kernel: [ 1586.405587] block drbd0: Becoming sync source due to disk states. May 30 13:42:26 primaryds kernel: [ 1586.405592] block drbd0: Writing the whole bitmap, full sync required after drbd_sync_handshake. May 30 13:42:27 primaryds kernel: [ 1588.171638] block drbd0: 5427 GB (1422588207 bits) marked out-of-sync by on disk bit-map. May 30 13:42:27 primaryds kernel: [ 1588.172769] block drbd0: conn( Connected -> WFBitMapS ) Log in Secondary May 30 13:42:24 secondaryds kernel: [ 1563.304894] block drbd0: peer( Secondary - Primary ) pdsk( Inconsistent - UpToDate ) May 30 13:42:24 secondaryds kernel: [ 1563.339674] block drbd0: drbd_sync_handshake: May 30 13:42:24 secondaryds kernel: [ 1563.339685] block drbd0: self 0000000000000004:0000000000000000:0000000000000000:0000000000000000 bits:1422588207 flags:0 May 30 13:42:24 secondaryds kernel: [ 1563.339695] block drbd0: peer E8A075F378173D4B:0000000000000004:0000000000000000:0000000000000000 bits:1422588207 flags:0 May 30 13:42:24 secondaryds kernel: [ 1563.339703] block drbd0: uuid_compare()=-2 by rule 20 May 30 13:42:24 secondaryds kernel: [ 1563.339709] block drbd0: Becoming sync target due to disk states. May 30 13:42:24 secondaryds kernel: [ 1563.339714] block drbd0: Writing the whole bitmap, full sync required after drbd_sync_handshake. May 30 13:42:26 secondaryds kernel: [ 1565.652342] block drbd0: 5427 GB (1422588207 bits) marked out-of-sync by on disk bit-map. May 30 13:42:26 secondaryds kernel: [ 1565.652965] block drbd0: conn( Connected - WFBitMapT ) The serves are not responding once it reaches this stage. Tried redoing it couple of time but noting happens. Why could the resync not be taking place? I would like some advice? Directions?

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• How to use more than 3 virtual disks in Linux using CentOS and XenServer

  - by 010110110101

  I've attached 5 virtual disks to a Virtual Machine in Citrix XenServer. The VM has the xs-tools installed. Initially it said that it couldn't add so many disks. After I installed the xs-tools, it let me add all the disks. But /dev doesn't show all the disks. It shows these: /dev/xvda /dev/xvdb /dev/xvdc /dev/cdrom Perhaps it is bound by the limits of an IDE bus? (3 disks + CD-ROM) If so, how does one change the VM to use SCSI? Edit: According to the documentation: 2.6.3. VM Block Devices In the PV Linux case, block devices are passed through as PV devices. XenServer does not attempt to emulate SCSI or IDE, but instead provides a more suitable interface in the virtual environment in the form of xvd* devices. It is also possible to get an sd* device using the same mechanism, where the PV driver inside the VM takes over the SCSI device namespace. This is not desirable so it is best to use xvd* where possible for PV guests (this is the default for Debian and RHEL). For Windows or other fully virtualized guests, XenServer emulates an IDE bus in the form of an hd* device. When using Windows, installing the Citrix Tools for Virtual Machines installs a special PV driver that works in a similar way to Linux, except in the fully virtualized environment. Still, with 5 virtual disks attached, I don't see the other xvd devices. Edit #2: (attached requested info) Host Machine: XenServer 6.1 Linux version 2.6.32.43-0.4.1.xs1.6.10.777.170770xen (geeko@buildhost) (gcc version 4.1.2 20080704 (Red Hat 4.1.2-51)) #1 SMP Wed Apr 17 05:52:03 EDT 2013 Guest Machine: CentOS release 6.4 (Final) Linux version 2.6.32-358.6.2.el6.x86_64 ([email protected]) (gcc version 4.4.7 20120313 (Red Hat 4.4.7-3) (GCC) ) #1 SMP Thu May 16 20:59:36 UTC 2013 Output of 'fdisk -l' on Guest Machine: Note, the disk beyond the first 3 attached are not displaying -- there should be 4 100GB disks. (There are a total of 5 disks displayed in XenCenter -- 16GB, 100GB, 100GB, 100GB, 100GB) Disk /dev/xvdb: 107.4 GB, 107374182400 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 13054 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0xfb6c95b9 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/xvdb1 1 13054 104856223+ 83 Linux Disk /dev/xvda: 17.2 GB, 17179869184 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2088 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x000e5f41 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/xvda1 * 1 64 512000 83 Linux Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary. /dev/xvda2 64 2089 16264192 8e Linux LVM Disk /dev/xvdc: 107.4 GB, 107374182400 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 13054 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0xed249ced Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/xvdc1 1 13054 104856223+ 83 Linux Disk /dev/mapper/vg_blue-lv_root: 14.6 GB, 14571012096 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1771 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Disk /dev/mapper/vg_blue-lv_swap: 2080 MB, 2080374784 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 252 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 I see that the Linux versions say SMP. The Guest VM doesn't say "xen" in the name. However, I have already run yum install kernel-xen. Could be a clue?

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• Apache config that uses two document roots based on whether the requested resource exists in the first

  - by mattalexx

  Background I have a client site that consists of a CakePHP installation and a Magento installation: /web/example.com/ /web/example.com/app/ <== CakePHP /web/example.com/app/webroot/ <== DocumentRoot /web/example.com/app/webroot/store/ <== Magento /web/example.com/config/ <== Site-wide config /web/example.com/vendors/ <== Site-wide libraries The server runs Apache 2.2.3. The problem The whole company has FTP access and got used to clogging up the /web/example.com/, /web/example.com/app/webroot/, and /web/example.com/app/webroot/store/ directories with their own files. Sometimes these files need HTTP access and sometimes they don't. In any case, this mess makes my job harder when it comes to maintaining the site. Code merges, tarring the live code, etc, is very complicated and usually requires a bunch of filters. Abandoned solution At first, I thought I would set up a new subdomain on the same server, move all of their files there, and change their FTP chroot. But that wouldn't work for these reasons: Firstly, I have no idea (and neither do they remember) what marketing materials they've sent out that contain URLs to certain resources they've uploaded to the server, using the main domain, and also using abstract subdomains that use the main virtual host because it has ServerAlias *.example.com. So suddenly having them only use static.example.com isn't feasible. Secondly, The PHP scripts in their projects are potentially very non-portable. I want their files to stay in as similar an environment as they were built as I can. Also, I do not want to debug their code to make it portable. Half-baked solution After some thought, I decided to find a way to section off the actual website files into another directory that they would not touch. The company's uploaded files would stay where they were. This would ensure that I didn't break any of their projects that needed HTTP access. It would look something like this: /web/example.com/ <== A bunch of their files are in here /web/example.com/app/webroot/ <== 1st DocumentRoot; A bunch of their files are in here /web/example.com/app/webroot/store/ <== Some more are in here /web/example.com/site/ <== New dir; Contains only site files /web/example.com/site/app/ <== CakePHP /web/example.com/site/app/webroot/ <== 2nd DocumentRoot /web/example.com/site/app/webroot/store/ <== Magento /web/example.com/site/config/ <== Site-wide config /web/example.com/site/vendors/ <== Site-wide libraries After I made this change, I would not need to pay attention to anything except for the stuff within /web/example.com/site/ and my job would be a lot easier. I would be the only one changing stuff in there. So here's where the Apache magic would happen: I need an HTTP request to http://www.example.com/ to first use /web/example.com/app/webroot/ as the document root. If nothing is found (no miscellaneous uploaded company projects are found), try finding something within /web/example.com/site/app/webroot/. Another thing to keep in mind is, the site might have some problems if the $_SERVER['DOCUMENT_ROOT'] variable reads /web/example.com/app/webroot/ but the actual files are within /web/example.com/site/app/webroot/. It would be better if the DOCUMENT_ROOT environment variable could be /web/example.com/site/app/webroot/ for anything within the /web/example.com/site/app/webroot/ directory. Conclusion Is my half-baked solution possible with Apache 2.2.3? Is there a better way to solve this problem?

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• Using PHP to connect to RADIUS works on one server but not another

  - by JDS

  I have a fleet of webservers that server a LAMP webapp broken into multiple customer apps by virtualhost/domain. The platform is Ubuntu 10.04 VM + PHP 5.3 + Apache 2.2.14, on top of VMware ESX (v4 I think). This stuff's not too important, though -- I'm just setting up the background. I have one customer that connects to a RADIUS server for authentication. We've found that the app responds as if some number of web servers are configured correctly and some are not. i.e. Apparently random authentication failures or successes, with no rhyme or reason. I did a lot of analysis of our fleet, and resolved it down to the differences between two specific web servers. I'll call them "A" and "B". "A" works. "B" does not. "Works" means "connects to and gets authentication data successfully from the RADIUS server". Ultimately, I'm looking for one thing that is different, and I've exhausted everything that I can come up with, so, looking for something else. Here are things I've looked at PHP package versions (all from Ubuntu repos). These are exactly the same across servers. PECL package. There are no PECL packages that aren't installed by apt. Other libraries or packages. Nothing that was network-related or RADIUS-related was different among servers. (There were some minor package differences, though.) Network or hosting environment. I found that some of the working servers were on the same physical environment as some not-working ones (i.e. same ESX containers). So, probably, the physical network layer is not the problem. Test case. I created a test case as follows. It works on the working servers, and fails on the not-working servers, very consistently. <?php $radius = radius_auth_open(); $username = 'theusername'; $password = 'thepassword'; $hostname = '12.34.56.78'; $radius_secret = '39wmmvxghg'; if (! radius_add_server($radius,$hostname,0,$radius_secret,5,3)) { die('Radius Error 1: ' . radius_strerror($radius) . "\n"); } if (! radius_create_request($radius,RADIUS_ACCESS_REQUEST)) { die('Radius Error 2: ' . radius_strerror($radius) . "\n"); } radius_put_attr($radius,RADIUS_USER_NAME,$username); radius_put_attr($radius,RADIUS_USER_PASSWORD,$password); switch (radius_send_request($radius)) { case RADIUS_ACCESS_ACCEPT: echo 'GOOD LOGIN'; break; case RADIUS_ACCESS_REJECT: echo 'BAD LOGIN'; break; case RADIUS_ACCESS_CHALLENGE: echo 'CHALLENGE REQUESTED'; break; default: die('Radius Error 3: ' . radius_strerror($radius) . "\n"); } ?>

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• ActiveX component can't create Object Error? Check 64 bit Status

  - by Rick Strahl

  If you're running on IIS 7 and a 64 bit operating system you might run into the following error using ASP classic or ASP.NET with COM interop. In classic ASP applications the error will show up as: ActiveX component can't create object   (Error 429) (actually without error handling the error just shows up as 500 error page) In my case the code that's been giving me problems has been a FoxPro COM object I'd been using to serve banner ads to some of my pages. The code basically looks up banners from a database table and displays them at random. The ASP classic code that uses it looks like this: <% Set banner = Server.CreateObject("wwBanner.aspBanner") banner.BannerFile = "wwsitebanners" Response.Write(banner.GetBanner(-1)) %> Originally this code had no specific error checking as above so the ASP pages just failed with 500 error pages from the Web server. To find out what the problem is this code is more useful at least for debugging: <% ON ERROR RESUME NEXT Set banner = Server.CreateObject("wwBanner.aspBanner") Response.Write(err.Number & " - " & err.Description) banner.BannerFile = "wwsitebanners" Response.Write(banner.GetBanner(-1)) %> which results in: 429 - ActiveX component can't create object which at least gives you a slight clue. In ASP.NET invoking the same COM object with code like this: <% dynamic banner = wwUtils.CreateComInstance("wwBanner.aspBanner") as dynamic; banner.cBANNERFILE = "wwsitebanners"; Response.Write(banner.getBanner(-1)); %> results in: Retrieving the COM class factory for component with CLSID {B5DCBB81-D5F5-11D2-B85E-00600889F23B} failed due to the following error: 80040154 Class not registered (Exception from HRESULT: 0x80040154 (REGDB_E_CLASSNOTREG)). The class is in fact registered though and the COM server loads fine from a command prompt or other COM client. This error can be caused by a COM server that doesn't load. It looks like a COM registration error. There are a number of traditional reasons why this error can crop up of course. The server isn't registered (run regserver32 to register a DLL server or /regserver on an EXE server) Access permissions aren't set on the COM server (Web account has to be able to read the DLL ie. Network service) The COM server fails to load during initialization ie. failing during startup One thing I always do to check for COM errors fire up the server in a COM client outside of IIS and ensure that it works there first - it's almost always easier to debug a server outside of the Web environment. In my case I tried the server in Visual FoxPro on the server with: loBanners = CREATEOBJECT("wwBanner.aspBanner") loBanners.cBannerFile = "wwsitebanners" ? loBanners.GetBanner(-1) and it worked just fine. If you don't have a full dev environment on the server you can also use VBScript do the same thing and run the .vbs file from the command prompt: Set banner = Server.CreateObject("wwBanner.aspBanner") banner.BannerFile = "wwsitebanners" MsgBox(banner.getBanner(-1)) Since this both works it tells me the server is registered and working properly. This leaves startup failures or permissions as the problem. I double checked permissions for the Application Pool and the permissions of the folder where the DLL lives and both are properly set to allow access by the Application Pool impersonated user. Just to be sure I assigned an Admin user to the Application Pool but still no go. So now what? 64 bit Servers Ahoy A couple of weeks back I had set up a few of my Application pools to 64 bit mode. My server is Server 2008 64 bit and by default Application Pools run 64 bit. Originally when I installed the server I set up most of my Application Pools to 32 bit mainly for backwards compatibility. But as more of my code migrates to 64 bit OS's I figured it'd be a good idea to see how well code runs under 64 bit code. The transition has been mostly painless. Until today when I noticed the problem with the code above when scrolling to my IIS logs and noticing a lot of 500 errors on many of my ASP classic pages. The code in question in most of these pages deals with this single simple COM object. It took a while to figure out that the problem is caused by the Application Pool running in 64 bit mode. The issue is that 32 bit COM objects (ie. my old Visual FoxPro COM component) cannot be loaded in a 64 bit Application Pool. The ASP pages using this COM component broke on the day I switched my main Application Pool into 64 bit mode but I didn't find the problem until I searched my logs for errors by pure chance. To fix this is easy enough once you know what the problem is by switching the Application Pool to Enable 32-bit Applications: Once this is done the COM objects started working correctly again. 64 bit ASP and ASP.NET with DCOM Servers This is kind of off topic, but incidentally it's possible to load 32 bit DCOM (out of process) servers from ASP.NET and ASP classic even if those applications run in 64 bit application pools. In fact, in West Wind Web Connection I use this capability to run a 64 bit ASP.NET handler that talks to a 32 bit FoxPro COM server which allows West Wind Web Connection to run in native 64 bit mode without custom configuration (which is actually quite useful). It's probably not a common usage scenario but it's good to know that you can actually access 32 bit COM objects this way from ASP.NET. For West Wind Web Connection this works out well as the DCOM interface only makes one non-chatty call to the backend server that handles all the rest of the request processing. Application Pool Isolation is your Friend For me the recent incident of failure in the classic ASP pages has just been another reminder to be very careful with moving applications to 64 bit operation. There are many little traps when switching to 64 bit that are very difficult to track and test for. I described one issue I had a couple of months ago where one of the default ASP.NET filters was loading the wrong version (32bit instead of 64bit) which was extremely difficult to track down and was caused by a very sneaky configuration switch error (basically 3 different entries for the same ISAPI filter all with different bitness settings). It took me almost a full day to track this down). Recently I've been taken to isolate individual applications into separate Application Pools rather than my past practice of combining many apps into shared AppPools. This is a good practice assuming you have enough memory to make this work. Application Pool isolate provides more modularity and allows me to selectively move applications to 64 bit. The error above came about precisely because I moved one of my most populous app pools to 64 bit and forgot about the minimal COM object use in some of my old pages. It's easy to forget. To 64bit or Not Is it worth it to move to 64 bit? Currently I'd say -not really. In my - admittedly limited - testing I don't see any significant performance increases. In fact 64 bit apps just seem to consume considerably more memory (30-50% more in my pools on average) and performance is minimally improved (less than 5% at the very best) in the load testing I've performed on a couple of sites in both modes. The only real incentive for 64 bit would be applications that require huge data spaces that exceed the 32 bit 4 gigabyte memory limit. However I have a hard time imagining an application that needs 4 gigs of memory in a single Application Pool :-). Curious to hear other opinions on benefits of 64 bit operation. © Rick Strahl, West Wind Technologies, 2005-2011Posted in COM   ASP.NET  FoxPro  

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• Database users in the Oracle Utilities Application Framework

  - by Anthony Shorten

  I mentioned the product database users fleetingly in the last blog post and they deserve a better mention. This applies to all versions of the Oracle Utilities Application Framework. The Oracle Utilities Application Framework uses up to three users initially as part of the base operations of the product. The type of database supported (the framework supports Oracle, IBM DB2 and Microsoft SQL Server) dictates the number of users used and their permissions. For publishing brevity I will outline what is available for the Oracle database and, in summary, mention where it differs for the other database supported. For Oracle database customers we ship three distinct database users: Administration User (SPLADM or CISADM by default) - This is the database user that actually owns the schema. This user is not used by the product to do any DML (Data Manipulation Language) SQL other than that is necessary for maintenance of the database. This database user performs all the DCL (Data Control Language) and DDL (Data Definition Language) against the database. It is typically reserved for Database Administration use only. Product Read Write User (SPLUSER or CISUSER by default) - This is the database user used by the product itself to execute DML (Data Manipulation Language) statements against the schema owned by the Administration user. This user has the appropriate read and write permission to objects within the schema owned by the Administration user. For databases such as DB2 and SQL Server we may not create this user but use other DCL (Data Control Language) statements and facilities to simulate this user. Product Read User (SPLREAD or CISREAD by default) - This is the database that has read only permission to the schema owned by the Administration user. It is used for reporting or any part of the product or interface that requires read permissions to the database (for example, products that have ConfigLab and Archiving use this user for remote access). For databases such as DB2 and SQL Server we may not create this user but use other DCL (Data Control Language) statements and facilities to simulate this user. You may notice the words by default in the list above. The values supplied with the installer are the default and can be changed to what the site standard or implementation wants to use (as long as they conform to the standards supported by the underlying database). You can even create multiples of each within the same database and pointing to same schema. To manage the permissions for the users, there is a utility provided with the installation (oragensec (Oracle), db2gensec (DB2) or msqlgensec (SQL Server)) that generates the security definitions for the above users. That can be executed a number of times for each schema to give users appropriate permissions. For example, it is possible to define more than one read/write User to access the database. This is a common technique used by implementations to have a different user per access mode (to separate online and batch). In fact you can also allocate additional security (such as resource profiles in Oracle) to limit the impact of specific users at the database. To facilitate users and permissions, in Oracle for example, we create a CISREAD role (read only role) and a CISUSER role (read write role) that can be allocated to the appropriate database user. When the security permissions utility, oragensec in this case, is executed it uses the role to determine the permissions. To give you a case study, my underpowered laptop has multiple installations on it of multiple products but I have one database. I create a different schema for each product and each version (with my own naming convention to help me manage the databases). I create individual users on each schema and run oragensec to maintain the permissions for each appropriately. It works fine as long I have setup the userids appropriately. This means: Creating the users with the appropriate roles. I use the common CISUSER and CISREAD role across versions and across Oracle Utilities Application Framework products. Just remember to associate the CISUSER role with the database user you want to use for read/write operations and the CISREAD role with the user you wish to use for the read only operations. The role is treated as a tag to indicate the oragensec utility which appropriate permissions to assign to the user. The utilities for the other database types essentially do the same, obviously using the technology available within those databases. Run oragensec against the read write user and read only user against the appropriate administration user (I will abbreviate the user to ADM user). This ensures the right permissions are allocated to the right users for the right products. To help me there, I use the same prefix on the user name for the same product. For example, my Oracle Utilities Application Framework V4 environment has the administration user set to FW4ADM and the associated FW4USER and FW4READ as the users for the product to use. For my MWM environment I used MWMADM for the administration user and MWMUSER and MWMREAD for my associated users. You get the picture. When I run oragensec (once for each ADM user), I know what other users to associate with it. Remember to rerun oragensec against the users if I run upgrades, service packs or database based single fixes. This assures that the users are in synchronization with the ADM user. As a side note, for those who do not understand the difference between DML, DCL and DDL: DDL (Data Definition Language) - These are SQL statements that define the database schema and the structures within. SQL Statements such as CREATE and DROP are examples of DDL SQL statements. DCL (Data Control Language) - These are the SQL statements that define the database level permissions to DDL maintained objects within the database. SQL Statements such as GRANT and REVOKE are examples of DCL SQL statements. DML (Database Manipulation Language) - These are SQL statements that alter the data within the tables. SQL Statements such as SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE and DELETE are examples of DML SQL statements. Hope this has clarified the database user support. Remember in Oracle Utilities Application Framework V4 we enhanced this by also supporting CLIENT_IDENTIFIER to allow the database to still use the administration user for the main processing but make the database session more traceable.

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