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  • How to apply Single Responsibility Principle to a service class

    - by Shekhar
    Hello Suppose we are designing a UserServiceImpl class which does CRUD(Create, Read, Update, and Delete) operations. In my view Create, Read, Update, and Delete are four reasons for a class to change. Does this class violates Single Responsibility Principle? If it violates, then should we have four classes like CreateUserServiceImpl, ReadUserServiceImpl, UpdateUserServiceImpl, and DeleteUserServiceImpl. Isn't it an overkill to have lots of classes? Thanks Shekhar

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  • How does this code break the Law of Demeter?

    - by Dave Jarvis
    The following code breaks the Law of Demeter: public class Student extends Person { private Grades grades; public Student() { } /** Must never return null; throw an appropriately named exception, instead. */ private synchronized Grades getGrades() throws GradesException { if( this.grades == null ) { this.grades = createGrades(); } return this.grades; } /** Create a new instance of grades for this student. */ protected Grades createGrades() throws GradesException { // Reads the grades from the database, if needed. // return new Grades(); } /** Answers if this student was graded by a teacher with the given name. */ public boolean isTeacher( int year, String name ) throws GradesException, TeacherException { // The method only knows about Teacher instances. // return getTeacher( year ).nameEquals( name ); } private Grades getGradesForYear( int year ) throws GradesException { // The method only knows about Grades instances. // return getGrades().getForYear( year ); } private Teacher getTeacher( int year ) throws GradesException, TeacherException { // This method knows about Grades and Teacher instances. A mistake? // return getGradesForYear( year ).getTeacher(); } } public class Teacher extends Person { public Teacher() { } /** * This method will take into consideration first name, * last name, middle initial, case sensitivity, and * eventually it could answer true to wild cards and * regular expressions. */ public boolean nameEquals( String name ) { return getName().equalsIgnoreCase( name ); } /** Never returns null. */ private synchronized String getName() { if( this.name == null ) { this.name == ""; } return this.name; } } Questions How is the LoD broken? Where is the code breaking the LoD? How should the code be written to uphold the LoD?

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  • Data access pattern, combining push and pull?

    - by andlju
    I need some advice on what kind of pattern(s) I should use for pushing/pulling data into my application. I'm writing a rule-engine that needs to hold quite a large amount of data in-memory in order to be efficient enough. I have some rather conflicting requirements; It is not acceptable for the engine to always have to wait for a full pre-load of all data before it is functional. Only fetching and caching data on-demand will lead to the engine taking too long before it is running quickly enough. An external event can trigger the need for specific parts of the data to be reloaded. Basically, I think I need a combination of pushing and pulling data into the application. A simplified version of my current "pattern" looks like this (in psuedo-C# written in notepad): // This interface is implemented by all classes that needs the data interface IDataSubscriber { void RegisterData(Entity data); } // This interface is implemented by the data access class interface IDataProvider { void EnsureLoaded(Key dataKey); void RegisterSubscriber(IDataSubscriber subscriber); } class MyClassThatNeedsData : IDataSubscriber { IDataProvider _provider; MyClassThatNeedsData(IDataProvider provider) { _provider = provider; _provider.RegisterSubscriber(this); } public void RegisterData(Entity data) { // Save data for later StoreDataInCache(data); } void UseData(Key key) { // Make sure that the data has been stored in cache _provider.EnsureLoaded(key); Entity data = GetDataFromCache(key); } } class MyDataProvider : IDataProvider { List<IDataSubscriber> _subscribers; // Make sure that the data for key has been loaded to all subscribers public void EnsureLoaded(Key key) { if (HasKeyBeenMarkedAsLoaded(key)) return; PublishDataToSubscribers(key); MarkKeyAsLoaded(key); } // Force all subscribers to get a new version of the data for key public void ForceReload(Key key) { PublishDataToSubscribers(key); MarkKeyAsLoaded(key); } void PublishDataToSubscribers(Key key) { Entity data = FetchDataFromStore(key); foreach(var subscriber in _subscribers) { subscriber.RegisterData(data); } } } // This class will be spun off on startup and should make sure that all data is // preloaded as quickly as possible class MyPreloadingThread { IDataProvider _provider; MyPreloadingThread(IDataProvider provider) { _provider = provider; } void RunInBackground() { IEnumerable<Key> allKeys = GetAllKeys(); foreach(var key in allKeys) { _provider.EnsureLoaded(key); } } } I have a feeling though that this is not necessarily the best way of doing this.. Just the fact that explaining it seems to take two pages feels like an indication.. Any ideas? Any patterns out there I should have a look at?

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  • Factory Method Pattern using Generics-C#

    - by nanda
    Just I am learning Generics.When i have an Abstract Method pattern like : //Abstract Product interface IPage { string pageType(); } //Concerete Product 1 class ResumePage : IPage { public string pageType() { return "Resume Page"; } } //Concrete Product 2 class SummaryPage : IPage { public string pageType() { return "SummaryPage"; } } //Fcatory Creator class FactoryCreator { public IPage CreateOnRequirement(int i) { if (i == 1) return new ResumePage(); else { return new SummaryPage(); } } } //Client/Consumer void Main() { FactoryCreator c = new FactoryCreator(); IPage p; p = c.CreateOnRequirement(1); Console.WriteLine("Page Type is {0}", p.pageType()); p = c.CreateOnRequirement(2); Console.WriteLine("Page Type is {0}", p.pageType()); Console.ReadLine(); } how to convert the code using generics?

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  • Is there a Delphi dropdown notification component?

    - by Mason Wheeler
    You know how in Firefox, if something happens that requires your attention but isn't immediately urgent enough to require a modal dialog, it will drop down a little strip at the top of the tab with a question on it? I'd like to be able to put functionality like that in a Delphi app, but I don't know if there's a component for that. Does anyone know of one?

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  • How my Website looks like under Different Screen Resolutions?

    - by strakastroukas
    Back in the past, i found a third party webpage that was able to capture and save images of my website in different resolutions and browsers. Of course i have no more that bookmark... So is there any webpage or application where i can see how my webpage looks like in different resolution? And here are the resolutions i would like to check for... 1. 1024x768 24.56% 2. 1280x800 22.06% 3. 1280x1024 13.42% 4. 1366x768 7.10% 5. 1440x900 6.68%

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  • Database access through collections

    - by Mike
    Hi All, I have an 3 tiered application where I need to get database results and populated the UI. I have a MessagesCollection class that deals with messages. I load my user from the database. On the instantiation of a user (ie. new User()), a MessageCollection Messages = new MessageCollection(this) is performed. Message collection accepts a user as a parameter. User user = user.LoadUser("bob"); I want to get the messages for Bob. user.Messages.GetUnreadMessages(); GetUnreadMessages calls my Business Data provider which in turn calls the data access layer. The Business data provider returns List. My question is - I am not sure what the best practice is here - If I have a collection of messages in an array inside the MessagesCollection class, I could implement ICollection to provide GetEnumerator() and ability to traverse the messages. But what happens if the messages change and the the user has old messages loaded? What about big message collections? What if my user had 10,000 unread messages? I don't think accessing the database and returning 10,000 Message objects would be efficient.

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  • how to run this qt script? (newbie question)

    - by GB_J
    I have a qt script(barchart.qs) that creates a graph for me. I don't know how i can incorporate(ie show the graph) in my qt mainwindow. Can some one please help me look at the code and what its outputs are? I tried engine.evaluate, but i do not know what is the QScriptValue i'm getting in return. Thanks sooo much. This is the script: BarChart.prototype = new QWidget; BarChart.prototype.suffix = ""; function BarChart(parent) { QWidget.call(this, parent); } // find the maximum value and widest (pixel-wise) label and suffix BarChart.prototype.showEvent = function(event) { var fm = new QFontMetrics(this); this.margin = 20; this.titleHeight = fm.height(); this.barHeight = 1.5 * fm.height(); this.barSpacing = 0.6 * fm.height(); this.maxValue = this.suffixWidth = this.labelWidth = 0; var count = 0; for (d in this.data) { this.labelWidth = Math.max(this.labelWidth, fm.width(d)); this.maxValue = Math.max(this.maxValue, this.data[d]); this.suffixWidth = Math.max(this.suffixWidth, fm.width(String(this.data[d]) + " " + this.suffix)); count++; } this.startHue = 15; this.hueDelta = 360 / count; this.size = new QSize(640, this.titleHeight + 2 * this.margin + (this.barHeight + this.barSpacing) * count); } BarChart.prototype.paintEvent = function(event) { var p = new QPainter; p.begin(this); // background and title p.fillRect(this.rect, new QBrush(new QColor(255, 255, 255))); p.drawText(0, 0, this.width, this.margin + this.titleHeight, Qt.AlignCenter, this.windowTitle, 0); var ofs = this.labelWidth + this.margin; var ww = this.width - this.suffixWidth - ofs - 2 * this.margin; var hue = this.startHue; var y = 0; p.translate(this.margin, this.titleHeight + 1.5 * this.margin); for (d in this.data) { // label on the left side p.setPen(new QColor(Qt.black)); p.drawText(0, y, this.labelWidth, this.barHeight, Qt.AlignVCenter + Qt.AlignRight, d, 0); // the colored bar var gradient = new QLinearGradient(new QPoint(ofs, y), new QPoint(ofs, y + this.barHeight)); gradient.setColorAt(0, QColor.fromHsv(hue, 255, 240)); gradient.setColorAt(1, QColor.fromHsv(hue, 255, 92)); p.setBrush(new QBrush(gradient)); p.setPen(new QColor(96, 96, 96)); var bw = this.data[d] * ww / this.maxValue; p.drawRect(ofs, y, bw, this.barHeight); // extra text at the end of the bar var text = new String(this.data[d] + " " + this.suffix); p.setPen(new QColor(Qt.black)); p.drawText(ofs + bw + this.margin/2, y, this.suffixWidth, this.barHeight, Qt.AlignVCenter + Qt.AlignLeft, text, 0); // for the next bar y += (this.barHeight + this.barSpacing); hue += this.hueDelta; if (hue >= 360) hue -= 360; } p.end(); } BarChart.prototype.wheelEvent = function(event) { this.startHue += event.delta() / 8 / 5; if (this.startHue = 360) this.startHue -= 360; if (this.startHue < 0) this.startHue += 360; this.update(); event.ignore(); } BarChart.prototype.mousePressEvent = function(event) { var fname = QFileDialog.getSaveFileName(this, "Save", ".", "*.png", 0, 0); if (fname.length > 0) { var img = new QImage(this.size, QImage.Format_ARGB32_Premultiplied); this.render(img); img.save(new QFile(fname)); } } var chart = new BarChart; chart.windowTitle = "Monthly"; chart.suffix = "reports"; chart.data = { "September" : 45, "October" : 60, "November" : 56, "December" : 0 }; chart.show(); QCoreApplication.exec();

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  • Star-schema: Separate dimensions for clients and non-clients or shared dimension for attendants?

    - by celopes
    I'm new to modeling star schemas, fresh from reading the Data Warehouse Toolkit. I have a business process that has clients and non-clients calling into conference calls with some of our employees. My fact table, call it "Audience", will contain a measure of how long an attending person was connected to the call, and the cost per minute of this person's connection to the call. The grain is "individual connection to the conference call". Should I use my conformed Client dimension and create a non-client dimension (for the callers that are not yet clients) this way (omitting dimensions that are not part of this questions): Or would it be OK/better to have a non-conformed Attending dimension related to the conformed Client dimension in this manner: Or is there a better/standard mechanism to model business processes like this one?

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  • Is it a good idea to cache data from web services into a database?

    - by Thierry Lam
    Let's assume that Stackoverflow offers web services where you can retrieve all the questions asked by a specific user. A request to get all question from user A can result in the following json output: { { "question": "What is rest?", "date_created": "20/02/2010", "votes": 1, }, { "question": "Which database to use for ...", "date_created": "20/07/2009", "votes": 5, }, } If I want to manipulate and present the data in any ways that I want, will it be wise to dump it in a local database? At some point, I will also want to retrieve all answers for each question and store them in a local database. The workflow that I'm thinking is: User logs in. Web services retrieve all questions asked by the logged in user, dump them in a local database. User wants all answers for a specific question, another web service does the retrieval and dump them in a local database. After user logs out, delete from the local database all questions and answers from that user.

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  • Images not responsive although in responsive container

    - by Darren Sweeney
    I have the following: <div id="hp_imgs"> <img src="/images/hp/1.jpg"> <img src="/images/hp/2.jpg"> <img src="/images/hp/3.jpg"> <img src="/images/hp/4.jpg"> <img src="/images/hp/5.jpg"> <img src="/images/hp/6.jpg"> <img src="/images/hp/7.jpg"> <img src="/images/hp/8.jpg"> </div> The images were sized when created to form a grid of sorts, so need to be in the order where they are. Consequently, when/if the page is resized I want the images to resize and stay where they are. Here's what I'm trying but images are simply staying the same size and not resizing: #hp_imgs { width:66%; float:left; } #hp_imgs img { float:left; margin:2px; border-radius:4px; display: block; max-width:100%; height:100%; } Is there a better/different way to achieve this? FIDDLE Here's a sample to play with: Fiddle

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  • Maintaining integrity of Core Data Entities with many incoming one-to-many relationships

    - by Henry Cooke
    Hi all. I have a Core Data store which contains a number of MediaItem entities that describe, well, media items. I also have NewsItems, which have one-to-many relationships to a number of MediaItems. So far so good. However, I also have PlayerItems and GalleryItems which also have one-to-many relationships to MediaItems. So MediaItems are shared across entities. Given that many entities may have one-to-many relationships, how can I set up reciprocal relationships from a MediaItem to all (1 or more) of the entities which have relationships to it and, furthermore, how can I implement rules to delete MediaItems when the number of those reciprocal relationships drops to 0?

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  • IoC, Containers, and NServiceBus confusion

    - by andy
    Hey guys, here's my setup Castle Windsor is my container NServiceBus is itself using it's own container internally, Spring by default I'm implementing the PubSub config. Ok, if I have my Bus.Publish happening within my IWantToRunAtStartup class, then everything is fine. As a test for example on Run() we can start a timer and it'll go into a Service style loop. However, what if I want to abstract NServiceBus from my app, and have my app go: new CustomPulisherClass().Notify(ISomeMessage msg); In this situation, how do I implement CustomPublisherClass. My confusion is coming from the fact that NServiceBus is already running as a Service, it's already been "Started". How to I get at the correct instance of the Bus object? cheers andy

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  • Style guide for database metadata naming

    - by Nulldevice
    We want to establish some database metadata naming rules in our new project. For example: tables are named as nouns in a plural form (courses, books, lessons) if present, an adjective goes before a noun in a table name and is separated by an underscore (red_books, new_lessons) table index column is always named "id" foreign key names are derived from a table name with suffix _id (book_id, red_book_id) so on Does someone know any guide like this?

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  • IList<Item> Collection Class accessing database

    - by Mike
    Hi, I have a database with Users. Users have Items. These Items can change actively. How do you access the items in a collection type format? For the user, I fill all the user properties at the time of instantiation. If I load the user's items at the time of the instantiation, and the items change, they will have old data. I was thinking, maybe I need an ItemCollection class and have that a field/property apart of the user class, that way to traverse all the user's items I could use a foreach loop. So, my question is, what is the best practice/best way of accessing the items from a database using some sort of collection? On accessing the particular Item, it needs to get the latest database information, and when the user does do a foreach loop, the latest item information must be available. I.e. What I'm trying to do Console.WriteLine(User.Items[3].ID); returns 5. //this updates the item information and saves it to the database. User.Items[3].ID = 13; //Add a new item to the database. User.Items.Add(new Item { id = 17}); foreach (Item item in User.Items) { //this would traverse all items in the database. //not some cached copy at the time of instantiation of the user. }

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  • Is ASP.NET MVC is really MVC? Or how to separate model from controller?

    - by Andrey
    Hi all, This question is a bit rhetorical. At some point i got a feeling that ASP.NET MVC is not that authentic implementation of MVC pattern. Or i didn't understood it. Consider following domain: electric bulb, switch and motion detector. They are connected together and when you enter the room motion detector switches on the bulb. If i want to represent them as MVC: switch is model, because it holds the state and contains logic bulb is view, because it presents the state of model to human motion detector is controller, because it converts user actions to generic model commands Switch has one private field (On/Off) as a State and two methods (PressOn, PressOff). If you call PressOn when it is Off it goes to On, if you call it again state doesn't change. Bulb can be replaced with buzzer, motion detector with timer or button, but the model still represent the same logic. Eventually system will have same behavior. This is how i understand classical MVC decomposition, please correct me if i am wrong. Now let's decompose it in ASP.Net MVC way. Bulb is still a view Controller will be switch + motion detector Model is some object that will just pass state to bulb. So the logic that defines behavior moves to controller. Question 1: Is my understanding of MVC and ASP.NET MVC correct? Question 2: If yes, do you agree that ASP.NET MVC is not 100% accurate implementation? And back to life. The final question is how to separate model from controller in case of ASP.NET MVC. There can be two extremes. Controller does basic stuff and call model to do all the logic. Another is controller does all the logic and model is just something like class with properties that is mapped to DB. Question 3: Where should i draw the line between this extremes? How to balance? Thanks, Andrey

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  • When should I use Dependency Injection and when utility methods?

    - by Roman
    I have a Java EE project with Spring IoC container. I've just found in Utils class static method sendMail(long list of params). I don't know why but I feel that it would look better if we had separate class (Spring bean with singleton scope) which will be responsible for sending email. But I can't find any arguments which can prove my position. So, are there any pros (or cons) in using DI in this (rather general) situation?

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  • In .NET, Why Can I Access Private Members of a Class Instance within the Class?

    - by AMissico
    While cleaning some code today written by someone else, I changed the access modifier from Public to Private on a class variable/member/field. I expected a long list of compiler errors that I use to "refactor/rework/review" the code that used this variable. Imagine my surprise when I didn't get any errors. After reviewing, it turns out that another instance of the Class can access the private members of another instance declared within the Class. Totally unexcepted. Is this normal? I been coding in .NET since the beginning and never ran into this issue, nor read about it. I may have stumbled onto it before, but only "vaguely noticed" and move on. Can anyone explain this behavoir to me? I would like to know the "why" I can do this. Please explain, don't just tell me the rule. Am I doing something wrong? I found this behavior in both C# and VB.NET. The code seems to take advantage of the ability to access private variables. Sincerely, Totally Confused Class Jack Private _int As Integer End Class Class Foo Public Property Value() As Integer Get Return _int End Get Set(ByVal value As Integer) _int = value * 2 End Set End Property Private _int As Integer Private _foo As Foo Private _jack As Jack Private _fred As Fred Public Sub SetPrivate() _foo = New Foo _foo.Value = 4 'what you would expect to do because _int is private _foo._int = 3 'TOTALLY UNEXPECTED _jack = New Jack '_jack._int = 3 'expected compile error _fred = New Fred '_fred._int = 3 'expected compile error End Sub Private Class Fred Private _int As Integer End Class End Class

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  • Usability: call for action

    - by Shyam
    I am designing a page, with tiny portlets. Now, I personally like my actions on the right side, yet I wonder if there are methodologies that are targeted about usability. After all, most applications are aimed at the user. What about yourself? Do you prefer information to be on top, on the left or on the right? I've you need to take some sort of action, do you prefer buttons on the left? References to good books and webpages are very welcome!

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  • There are lots of useful answers about estimating the cost of a project. Are there any recommendatio

    - by Chrys
    Let me clarify this a bit more. I started giving estimations about projects/tasks. I write everything down in a spreadsheet. I know that soon this spreadsheet won't help much (searching, recommending similar project estimations etc...) Do you have any recommendations for any tools I can use for keeping a track of all these estimations? Is there a tool out there that for example will give me related project estimations like stackoverflow gives me related questions when I type one question.

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