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  • Optimal Data Structure for our own API

    - by vermiculus
    I'm in the early stages of writing an Emacs major mode for the Stack Exchange network; if you use Emacs regularly, this will benefit you in the end. In order to minimize the number of calls made to Stack Exchange's API (capped at 10000 per IP per day) and to just be a generally responsible citizen, I want to cache the information I receive from the network and store it in memory, waiting to be accessed again. I'm really stuck as to what data structure to store this information in. Obviously, it is going to be a list. However, as with any data structure, the choice must be determined by what data is being stored and what how it will be accessed. What, I would like to be able to store all of this information in a single symbol such as stack-api/cache. So, without further ado, stack-api/cache is a list of conses keyed by last update: `(<csite> <csite> <csite>) where <csite> would be (1362501715 . <site>) At this point, all we've done is define a simple association list. Of course, we must go deeper. Each <site> is a list of the API parameter (unique) followed by a list questions: `("codereview" <cquestion> <cquestion> <cquestion>) Each <cquestion> is, you guessed it, a cons of questions with their last update time: `(1362501715 <question>) (1362501720 . <question>) <question> is a cons of a question structure and a list of answers (again, consed with their last update time): `(<question-structure> <canswer> <canswer> <canswer> and ` `(1362501715 . <answer-structure>) This data structure is likely most accurately described as a tree, but I don't know if there's a better way to do this considering the language, Emacs Lisp (which isn't all that different from the Lisp you know and love at all). The explicit conses are likely unnecessary, but it helps my brain wrap around it better. I'm pretty sure a <csite>, for example, would just turn into (<epoch-time> <api-param> <cquestion> <cquestion> ...) Concerns: Does storing data in a potentially huge structure like this have any performance trade-offs for the system? I would like to avoid storing extraneous data, but I've done what I could and I don't think the dataset is that large in the first place (for normal use) since it's all just human-readable text in reasonable proportion. (I'm planning on culling old data using the times at the head of the list; each inherits its last-update time from its children and so-on down the tree. To what extent this cull should take place: I'm not sure.) Does storing data like this have any performance trade-offs for that which must use it? That is, will set and retrieve operations suffer from the size of the list? Do you have any other suggestions as to what a better structure might look like?

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  • How can I forward ALL traffic over a site-to-site VPN on Cisco ASA?

    - by Scott Clements
    Hi There, I currently have two Cisco ASA 5100 routers. They are at different physical sites and are configured with a site-to-site VPN which is active and working. I can communicate with the subnets on either site from the other and both are connected to the internet, however I need to ensure that all the traffic at my remote site goes through this VPN to my site here. I know that the web traffic is doing so as a "tracert" confirms this, but I need to ensure that all other network traffic is being directed over this VPN to my network here. Here is my config for the ASA router at my remote site: hostname ciscoasa domain-name xxxxx enable password 78rl4MkMED8xiJ3g encrypted names ! interface Ethernet0/0 nameif NIACEDC security-level 100 ip address x.x.x.x 255.255.255.0 ! interface Ethernet0/1 description External Janet Connection nameif JANET security-level 0 ip address x.x.x.x 255.255.255.248 ! interface Ethernet0/2 shutdown no nameif security-level 100 no ip address ! interface Ethernet0/3 shutdown no nameif security-level 100 ip address dhcp setroute ! interface Management0/0 nameif management security-level 100 ip address 192.168.100.1 255.255.255.0 management-only ! passwd 2KFQnbNIdI.2KYOU encrypted ftp mode passive clock timezone GMT/BST 0 clock summer-time GMT/BDT recurring last Sun Mar 1:00 last Sun Oct 2:00 dns domain-lookup NIACEDC dns server-group DefaultDNS name-server 154.32.105.18 name-server 154.32.107.18 domain-name XXXX same-security-traffic permit inter-interface same-security-traffic permit intra-interface access-list ren_access_in extended permit ip any any access-list ren_access_in extended permit tcp any any access-list ren_nat0_outbound extended permit ip 192.168.6.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.3.0 255.255.255.0 access-list NIACEDC_nat0_outbound extended permit ip 192.168.12.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.3.0 255.255.255.0 access-list JANET_20_cryptomap extended permit ip 192.168.12.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.3.0 255.255.255.0 access-list NIACEDC_access_in extended permit ip any any access-list NIACEDC_access_in extended permit tcp any any access-list JANET_access_out extended permit ip any any access-list NIACEDC_access_out extended permit ip any any pager lines 24 logging enable logging asdm informational mtu NIACEDC 1500 mtu JANET 1500 mtu management 1500 icmp unreachable rate-limit 1 burst-size 1 asdm image disk0:/asdm-522.bin no asdm history enable arp timeout 14400 nat-control global (NIACEDC) 1 interface global (JANET) 1 interface nat (NIACEDC) 0 access-list NIACEDC_nat0_outbound nat (NIACEDC) 1 192.168.12.0 255.255.255.0 access-group NIACEDC_access_in in interface NIACEDC access-group NIACEDC_access_out out interface NIACEDC access-group JANET_access_out out interface JANET route JANET 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 194.82.121.82 1 route JANET 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.3.248 tunneled timeout xlate 3:00:00 timeout conn 1:00:00 half-closed 0:10:00 udp 0:02:00 icmp 0:00:02 timeout sunrpc 0:10:00 h323 0:05:00 h225 1:00:00 mgcp 0:05:00 mgcp-pat 0:05:00 timeout sip 0:30:00 sip_media 0:02:00 sip-invite 0:03:00 sip-disconnect 0:02:00 timeout uauth 0:05:00 absolute http server enable http 192.168.12.0 255.255.255.0 NIACEDC http 192.168.100.0 255.255.255.0 management http 192.168.9.0 255.255.255.0 NIACEDC no snmp-server location no snmp-server contact snmp-server enable traps snmp authentication linkup linkdown coldstart crypto ipsec transform-set ESP-3DES-SHA esp-3des esp-sha-hmac crypto ipsec transform-set ESP-AES-256-SHA esp-aes-256 esp-sha-hmac crypto map JANET_map 20 match address JANET_20_cryptomap crypto map JANET_map 20 set pfs crypto map JANET_map 20 set peer X.X.X.X crypto map JANET_map 20 set transform-set ESP-AES-256-SHA crypto map JANET_map interface JANET crypto isakmp enable JANET crypto isakmp policy 10 authentication pre-share encryption aes-256 hash sha group 2 lifetime 86400 crypto isakmp policy 30 authentication pre-share encryption 3des hash sha group 2 lifetime 86400 crypto isakmp policy 50 authentication pre-share encryption aes-256 hash sha group 5 lifetime 86400 tunnel-group X.X.X.X type ipsec-l2l tunnel-group X.X.X.X ipsec-attributes pre-shared-key * telnet timeout 5 ssh timeout 5 console timeout 0 dhcpd address 192.168.100.2-192.168.100.254 management dhcpd enable management ! ! class-map inspection_default match default-inspection-traffic ! ! policy-map type inspect dns preset_dns_map parameters message-length maximum 512 policy-map global_policy class inspection_default inspect dns preset_dns_map inspect ftp inspect h323 h225 inspect h323 ras inspect rsh inspect rtsp inspect esmtp inspect sqlnet inspect skinny inspect sunrpc inspect xdmcp inspect sip inspect netbios inspect tftp inspect http ! service-policy global_policy global prompt hostname context no asdm history enable Thanks in advance, Scott

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  • Pass data from one form to another on a seperate page

    - by Micanio
    I am building a price/distance calculator with Google Maps API and am trying to pass the info from the calculator to a booking form on a separate page. My first form has 2 submit buttons - one to make the calculation, and one to submit the relevant data to the booking form. I'm stuck trying to make the 2nd button work. Once the API calculation has been made, I get 4 values - From, To, Cost, Distance. I am trying to pass the From, To and Cost values into my booking form by clicking the second button. But I can;t seem to get it to work. I've tried POST and GET but I think I may have been doing something wrong with both. Any help is appreciated. Code for API form: <script type="text/javascript" src="http://maps.google.com/maps?file=api&amp;v=2&amp;key=ABQIAAAAwCUxKrPl8_9WadET5dc4KxTqOwVK5HCwTKtW27PjzpqojXnJORQ2kUsdCksByD4hzcGXiOxvn6C4cw&sensor=true"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> var geocoder = null; var location1 = null; var location2 = null; var gDir = null; var directions = null; var total = 0; function roundNumber(num, dec) { var result = Math.floor(num*Math.pow(10 ,dec))/Math.pow(10,dec); return result; } function from(form) { address1=form.start.options[form.start.selectedIndex].value form.address1.value=address1 form.address1.focus() } function to(form) { address2=form.end.options[form.end.selectedIndex].value form.address2.value=address2 form.address2.focus() } function initialize() { var map = new GMap2(document.getElementById("map_canvas")); map.setCenter(new GLatLng(54.019066,-1.381531),9); map.setMapType(G_NORMAL_MAP); geocoder = new GClientGeocoder(); gDir = new GDirections(map); GEvent.addListener(gDir, "load", function() { var drivingDistanceMiles = gDir.getDistance().meters / 1609.344; var drivingDistanceKilometers = gDir.getDistance().meters / 1000; var miles = drivingDistanceMiles.toFixed(0); //var cost = (((miles - 1) * 1.9) + 3.6).toFixed(2); var meters = gDir.getDistance().meters.toFixed(1); if(miles < 70){ var cost = miles *1.75; } if(miles >70){ var cost = miles *1.2; } document.getElementById('from').innerHTML = '<strong>From: </strong>' + location1.address; document.getElementById('to').innerHTML = '<strong>To: </strong>' + location2.address; document.getElementById('cost').innerHTML = '<span class="fare"><strong>Estimated Taxi FARE:</strong>' + ' £' + cost.toFixed(2) + '</span>'; document.getElementById('miles').innerHTML = '<strong>Distance: </strong>' + miles + ' Miles'; }); } function showLocation() // start of possible values for address not recognized on google search // values for address1 { if (document.forms[0].address1.value == "heathrow" || document.forms[0].address1.value == "Heathrow" || document.forms[0].address1.value == "heathrow airport" || document.forms[0].address1.value == "Heathrow Airport" || document.forms[0].address1.value == "London Heathrow" || document.forms[0].address1.value =="london heathrow" ) { (document.forms[0].address1.value = "Heathrow Airport"); } if (document.forms[0].address2.value == "heathrow" || document.forms[0].address2.value == "Heathrow" || document.forms[0].address2.value == "heathrow airport" || document.forms[0].address2.value == "Heathrow Airport" || document.forms[0].address2.value == "London Heathrow" || document.forms[0].address2.value =="london heathrow" ) { (document.forms[0].address2.value = "Heathrow Airport"); } geocoder.getLocations(document.forms[0].address1.value + document.forms[0].uk.value || document.forms[0].start.value + document.forms[0].uk.value, function (response) { if (!response || response.Status.code != 200) { alert("Sorry, we were unable to find the first address"); } else { location1 = {lat: response.Placemark[0].Point.coordinates[1], lon: response.Placemark[0].Point.coordinates[0], address: response.Placemark[0].address}; geocoder.getLocations(document.forms[0].address2.value + document.forms[0].uk.value, function (response) { if (!response || response.Status.code != 200) { alert("Sorry, we were unable to find the second address"); } else { location2 = {lat: response.Placemark[0].Point.coordinates[1], lon: response.Placemark[0].Point.coordinates[0], address: response.Placemark[0].address}; gDir.load('from: ' + location1.address + ' to: ' + location2.address); } }); } }); } </script> <style> #quote { font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", Times, serif; } </style> </head> <body style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);" onUnload="GUnload()" onLoad="initialize()"> <div id="sidebar"> <!--MAPS--> <div id="calc_top"></div> <div id="calc_body"> <div id="calc_inside"> <span style="font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold;">Get A Quote Now</span> <p class="disclaimer">Fares can be calculated using either Area, Exact Address or Postcode, when entering address please include both road name and area i.e. <em>Harrogate Road, Ripon</em>. You can also select a pickup point and destination from the dropdown boxes. </p> <form onSubmit="showLocation(); return false;" action="#" id="booking_form"> <p> <select onChange="from(this.form)" name="start"> <option selected="selected">Select a Pickup Point</option> <option value="Leeds Bradford Airport">Leeds Bradford Airport</option> <option value="Manchester Airport">Manchester Airport</option> <option value="Teesside International Airport">Teeside Airport</option> <option value="Liverpool John Lennon Airport">Liverpool Airport</option> <option value="East Midlands Airport">East Midlands Airport</option> <option value="Heathrow International Airport">Heathrow Airport</option> <option value="Gatwick Airport">Gatwick Airport</option> <option value="Stanstead Airport">Stanstead Airport</option> <option value="Luton International Airport">Luton Airport</option> </select> </p> <p> <input type="text" value="From" name="address1"><br> <p> <select onChange="to(this.form)" name="end"> <option selected="selected">Select a Destination</option> <option value="Leeds Bradford Airport">Leeds Bradford Airport</option> <option value="Manchester Airport">Manchester Airport</option> <option value="Teesside International Airport">Teeside Airport</option> <option value="Liverpool John Lennon Airport">Liverpool Airport</option> <option value="East Midlands Airport">East Midlands Airport</option> <option value="Heathrow International Airport">Heathrow Airport</option> <option value="Gatwick Airport">Gatwick Airport</option> <option value="Stanstead Airport">Stanstead Airport</option> <option value="Luton International Airport">Luton Airport</option> </select> </p> <input type="text" value="To" name="address2"><br> <input type="hidden" value=" uk" name="uk"> <br> <input type="submit" value="Get Quote"> <input type="button" value="Reset" onClick="resetpage()"><br /><br /> <input type="submit" id="CBSubmit" value="Confirm and Book" action=""/> </p> </form> <p id="from"><strong>From:</strong></p> <p id="to"><strong>To:</strong></p> <p id="miles"><strong>Distance: </strong></p> <p id="cost"><span class="fare"><strong>Estimated Taxi FARE:</strong></span></p> <p id="results"></p> <div class="style4" style="width: 500px; height: 500px; position: relative; background-color: rgb(229, 227, 223);" id="map_canvas"></div> </div> </div> Code for Booking Form: <form method="post" action="contactengine.php" id="contact_form"> <p> <label for="Name" id="Name">Name:</label> <input type="text" name="Name" /> <label for="Email" id="Email">Email:</label> <input type="text" name="Email" /> <label for="tel" id="tel">Tel No:</label> <input type="text" name="tel" /><br /><br /> <label for="from" id="from">Pickup Point:</label> <input type="text" name="from" value="" /><br /><br /> <label for="to" id="to">Destination:</label> <input type="text" name="to" value=""/><br /> <label for="passengers" id="passengers">No. of passengers</label> <input type="text" name="passengers" /><br /><br /> <label for="quote" id="quote">Price of journey:</label> <input type="text" name="quote" value="" /><br /><br /> <label for="Message" id="Message">Any other info:</label> <textarea name="Message" rows="20" cols="40"></textarea> <br /> Are you an account holder?<br /> <label for="account" id="yes" /> Yes:</label> <input type="radio" class="radio" value="yes" name="account"> <label for="account" id="yes" /> No:</label> <input type="radio" class="radio" value="no" name="account"> </p> <small>Non-account holders will have to pay a £5 booking fee when confirming thier booking</small> <input type="submit" name="submit" value="Submit" class="submit-button" /> </p> </form> Thanks in advance

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  • How do I get my code to read the spaces between longs?

    - by WahtsUpWorld
    I apologize for any inconvenience that may occur in answering my question, I'm fairly new to programming and I'm so far only in the last weeks of my community college Java I class. The problem I am facing is in my code of which I cannot seem to get the PrintWriter to address the spaces in between my longs' phone number and social security I.D. The entire code consists of two classes in which one pulls from the other the information needed to parse and present the file writer/print writer. Here is the entire code w/ the second class after it: public class FinalProjectGroup1 { public static void main(String[] args) { } public String name; public long ssid; public double pay; public String address; public long number; public void cleanUpConstructor() {} public FinalProjectGroup1(String name, String address, double pay, long ssid, long number){ this.name = name; this.pay = pay; this.ssid = ssid; this.address = address; this.number = number; cleanUpConstructor(); } public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } public String getName() { return name; } public void setPay(double pay) { this.pay = pay; } public double getPay() { return pay; } public void setSSID(long ssid) { this.ssid = ssid; } public long getSSID() { return ssid; } public void setAddress(String address) { this.address = address; } public String getAddress() { return address; } public void setNumber(long number) { this.number = number; } public long getNumber() { return number; } } SECOND CLASS import java.awt.EventQueue; import javax.swing.JFrame; import javax.swing.JLabel; import java.awt.Font; import javax.swing.JFileChooser; import javax.swing.JButton; import javax.swing.JTextField; import FinalProjectGroup1; import java.awt.event.ActionListener; import java.awt.event.ActionEvent; import java.io.FileWriter; import java.io.PrintWriter; public class FinalProjectGroup1Window { public JFrame frmTheBosssSecretary; public JTextField txtName; public JTextField txtSSID; public JTextField txtAddress; public JTextField txtNumber; public JTextField txtPay; public JTextField txtFindName; public JTextField txtFindSSID; public JTextField txtFindPay; public JTextField txtFolder; public static void main(String[] args) { EventQueue.invokeLater(new Runnable() { public void run() { try { FinalProjectGroup1Window window = new FinalProjectGroup1Window(); window.frmTheBosssSecretary.setVisible(true); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } }); } public FinalProjectGroup1Window() { initialize(); } private void initialize() { frmTheBosssSecretary = new JFrame(); frmTheBosssSecretary.setFont(new Font("Times New Roman", Font.PLAIN, 12)); frmTheBosssSecretary.setTitle("The Boss's Secretary: Employee Generator/Finder"); frmTheBosssSecretary.setBounds(100, 100, 547, 302); frmTheBosssSecretary.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE); frmTheBosssSecretary.getContentPane().setLayout(null); JLabel lblFile = new JLabel("Employee Folder:"); lblFile.setFont(new Font("Times New Roman", Font.PLAIN, 12)); lblFile.setBounds(10, 10, 93, 14); frmTheBosssSecretary.getContentPane().add(lblFile); JLabel lblFindEmployee = new JLabel("Employee Finder"); lblFindEmployee.setFont(new Font("Times New Roman", Font.BOLD, 18)); lblFindEmployee.setBounds(194, 159, 142, 20); frmTheBosssSecretary.getContentPane().add(lblFindEmployee); JLabel lblEmployeeName = new JLabel("Employee Name:"); lblEmployeeName.setFont(new Font("Times New Roman", Font.PLAIN, 12)); lblEmployeeName.setBounds(10, 35, 93, 14); frmTheBosssSecretary.getContentPane().add(lblEmployeeName); JLabel lblSSID = new JLabel("Employee SSID:"); lblSSID.setFont(new Font("Times New Roman", Font.PLAIN, 12)); lblSSID.setBounds(10, 135, 85, 14); frmTheBosssSecretary.getContentPane().add(lblSSID); JLabel lblAddress = new JLabel("Employee Address:"); lblAddress.setFont(new Font("Times New Roman", Font.PLAIN, 12)); lblAddress.setBounds(10, 60, 105, 14); frmTheBosssSecretary.getContentPane().add(lblAddress); JLabel lblPhoneNumber = new JLabel("Employee Phone Number:"); lblPhoneNumber.setFont(new Font("Times New Roman", Font.PLAIN, 12)); lblPhoneNumber.setBounds(10, 85, 134, 14); frmTheBosssSecretary.getContentPane().add(lblPhoneNumber); JLabel lblPayRate = new JLabel("Employee Pay Rate:"); lblPayRate.setFont(new Font("Times New Roman", Font.PLAIN, 12)); lblPayRate.setBounds(10, 110, 105, 14); frmTheBosssSecretary.getContentPane().add(lblPayRate); JLabel lblFindEmployeeName = new JLabel("Find Employee Name:"); lblFindEmployeeName.setFont(new Font("Times New Roman", Font.PLAIN, 12)); lblFindEmployeeName.setBounds(10, 183, 115, 14); frmTheBosssSecretary.getContentPane().add(lblFindEmployeeName); JLabel lblFindSSID = new JLabel("Find Employee SSID:"); lblFindSSID.setFont(new Font("Times New Roman", Font.PLAIN, 12)); lblFindSSID.setBounds(10, 208, 105, 14); frmTheBosssSecretary.getContentPane().add(lblFindSSID); JLabel lblFindPay = new JLabel("Find Employee Address:"); lblFindPay.setFont(new Font("Times New Roman", Font.PLAIN, 12)); lblFindPay.setBounds(10, 233, 124, 14); frmTheBosssSecretary.getContentPane().add(lblFindPay); txtFolder = new JTextField(); txtFolder.setFont(new Font("Times New Roman", Font.PLAIN, 12)); txtFolder.setBounds(105, 7, 314, 20); frmTheBosssSecretary.getContentPane().add(txtFolder); txtFolder.setColumns(10); txtName = new JTextField(); txtName.setFont(new Font("Times New Roman", Font.PLAIN, 12)); txtName.setBounds(99, 32, 247, 20); frmTheBosssSecretary.getContentPane().add(txtName); txtName.setColumns(10); txtAddress = new JTextField(); txtAddress.setFont(new Font("Times New Roman", Font.PLAIN, 12)); txtAddress.setBounds(109, 57, 237, 20); frmTheBosssSecretary.getContentPane().add(txtAddress); txtAddress.setColumns(10); txtNumber = new JTextField(); txtNumber.setFont(new Font("Times New Roman", Font.PLAIN, 12)); txtNumber.setBounds(141, 82, 160, 20); frmTheBosssSecretary.getContentPane().add(txtNumber); txtNumber.setColumns(10); txtPay = new JTextField(); txtPay.setFont(new Font("Times New Roman", Font.PLAIN, 12)); txtPay.setBounds(116, 107, 105, 20); frmTheBosssSecretary.getContentPane().add(txtPay); txtPay.setColumns(10); txtSSID = new JTextField(); txtSSID.setFont(new Font("Times New Roman", Font.PLAIN, 12)); txtSSID.setBounds(97, 132, 124, 20); frmTheBosssSecretary.getContentPane().add(txtSSID); txtSSID.setColumns(10); txtFindName = new JTextField(); txtFindName.setFont(new Font("Times New Roman", Font.PLAIN, 12)); txtFindName.setBounds(122, 180, 314, 20); frmTheBosssSecretary.getContentPane().add(txtFindName); txtFindName.setColumns(10); txtFindSSID = new JTextField(); txtFindSSID.setFont(new Font("Times New Roman", Font.PLAIN, 12)); txtFindSSID.setBounds(122, 205, 122, 20); frmTheBosssSecretary.getContentPane().add(txtFindSSID); txtFindSSID.setColumns(10); txtFindPay = new JTextField(); txtFindPay.setFont(new Font("Times New Roman", Font.PLAIN, 12)); txtFindPay.setBounds(141, 230, 237, 20); frmTheBosssSecretary.getContentPane().add(txtFindPay); txtFindPay.setColumns(10); JButton btnAddEmployee = new JButton("Add Employee"); btnAddEmployee.addActionListener(new ActionListener() { public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent arg0) { try { String name = txtName.getText(); String address = txtAddress.getText(); double pay = Double.parseDouble(txtPay.getText()); long ssid = Long.parseLong(txtSSID.getText()); long number = Long.parseLong(txtNumber.getText()); FinalProjectGroup1 ee = new FinalProjectGroup1(name, address, pay, ssid, number); FileWriter writer = new FileWriter(txtFolder.getText(), true); PrintWriter pw = new PrintWriter(writer); pw.println(ee.getName() + ", " + ee.getAddress() + ", " + ee.getNumber() + ", " + ee.getPay() + ", " + ee.getSSID()); pw.close(); } catch (Exception e) { return; } } }); JButton btnFolder = new JButton("Folder"); btnFolder.addActionListener(new ActionListener() { public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent arg0) { JFileChooser bsearch = new JFileChooser(); int result = bsearch.showOpenDialog(null); if (result != JFileChooser.APPROVE_OPTION) return; txtFolder.setText(bsearch.getSelectedFile().getAbsolutePath()); } }); btnFolder.setFont(new Font("Times New Roman", Font.PLAIN, 12)); btnFolder.setBounds(429, 6, 75, 23); frmTheBosssSecretary.getContentPane().add(btnFolder); btnAddEmployee.setFont(new Font("Times New Roman", Font.PLAIN, 12)); btnAddEmployee.setBounds(356, 42, 159, 107); frmTheBosssSecretary.getContentPane().add(btnAddEmployee); JButton btnFindName = new JButton("Find"); btnFindName.setFont(new Font("Times New Roman", Font.PLAIN, 12)); btnFindName.setBounds(446, 179, 69, 23); frmTheBosssSecretary.getContentPane().add(btnFindName); JButton btnFindSSID = new JButton("Find"); btnFindSSID.setFont(new Font("Times New Roman", Font.PLAIN, 12)); btnFindSSID.setBounds(250, 204, 85, 23); frmTheBosssSecretary.getContentPane().add(btnFindSSID); JButton btnFindAddress = new JButton("Find"); btnFindAddress.setFont(new Font("Times New Roman", Font.PLAIN, 12)); btnFindAddress.setBounds(389, 229, 85, 23); frmTheBosssSecretary.getContentPane().add(btnFindAddress); } } The problem here lies in the JButton Add Employee. Where, as previously mentioned, the long's phone number and social security I.D. don't show the spaces in the text file.

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  • How to use Public IP in case of two ISP when two differs from each other

    - by user1471995
    Please bare with my long explanation but this is important to explain the actual problem. Please also pardon my knowledge with PFsense as i am new to this. I have single PFSense box with 3 Ethernet adapter. Before moving to configuration for these, i want to let you know i have two Ethernet based Internet Leased Line Connectivity let's call them ISP A and ISP B. Then last inetrface is LAN which is connected to network switch. Typical network diagram ISP A ----- PFSense ----> Switch ---- > Servers ISP B ----- ISP A (Initially Purchased) WAN IP:- 113.193.X.X /29 Gateway IP :- 113.193.X.A and other 4 usable public IP in same subnet(So the gateway for those IP are also same). ISP B (Recently Purchased) WAN IP:- 115.115.X.X /30 Gateway IP :- 115.115.X.B and other 5 usable public IP in different subnet(So the gateway for those IP is different), for example if 115.119.X.X2 is one of the IP from that list then the gateway for this IP is 115.119.X.X1. Configuration for 3 Interfaces Interface : WAN Network Port : nfe0 Type : Static IP Address : 113.193.X.X /29 Gateway : 113.193.X.A Interface : LAN Network Port : vr0 Type : Static IP Address : 192.168.1.1 /24 Gateway : None Interface : RELWAN Network Port : rl0 Type : Static IP Address : 115.115.X.X /30 (I am not sure of the subnet) Gateway : 115.115.X.B To use Public IP from ISP A i have done following steps a) Created Virtual IP using either ARP or IP Alias. b) Using Firewall: NAT: Port Forward i have created specific natting from one public IP to my internal Lan private IP for example :- WAN TCP/UDP * * 113.193.X.X1 53 (DNS) 192.168.1.5 53 (DNS) WAN TCP/UDP * * 113.193.X.X1 80 (HTTP) 192.168.1.5 80 (HTTP) WAN TCP * * 113.193.X.X2 80 (HTTP) 192.168.1.7 80 (HTTP) etc., c) Current state for Firewall: NAT: Outbound is Manual and whatever default rule are defined for the WAN those are only present. d) If this section in relevant then for Firewall: Rules at WAN tab then following default rule has been generated. * RFC 1918 networks * * * * * Block private networks * Reserved/not assigned by IANA * * * * * * To use Public IP from ISP B i have done following steps a) Created Virtual IP using either ARP or IP Alias. b) Using Firewall: NAT: Port Forward i have created specific natting from one public IP to my internal Lan private IP for example :- RELWAN TCP/UDP * * 115.119.116.X.X1 80 (HTTP) 192.168.1.11 80 (HTTP) c) Current state for Firewall: NAT: Outbound is Manual and whatever default rule are defined for the RELWAN those are only present. d) If this section in relevant then for Firewall: Rules at RELWAN tab then following default rule has been generated. * RFC 1918 networks * * * * * * Reserved/not assigned by IANA * * * * * * Last thing before my actual query is to make you aware that to have multiple Wan setup i have done following steps a) Under System: Gateways at Groups Tab i have created new group as following MultipleGateway WANGW, RELWAN Tier 2,Tier 1 Multiple Gateway Test b) Then Under Firewall: Rules at LAN tab i have created a rule for internal traffic as follows * LAN net * * * MultipleGateway none c) This setup works if unplug first ISP traffic start routing using ISP 2 and vice-versa. Now my main query and problem is i am not able to use public IP address allocated by ISP B, i have tried many small tweaks but not successful in anyone. The notable difference between the two ISP is a) In case of ISP A there Public usable IP address are on same subnet so the gateway used for the WAN ip is same for the other public IP address. b) In case of ISP B there public usable IP address are on different subnet so the obvious the gateway IP for them is different from WAN gateway's IP. Please let me know how to use ISP B public usable IP address, in future also i am going to rely for more IPs from ISP B only.

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  • Can't configure frame relay T1 on Cisco 1760

    - by sonar
    For the past few days I've been trying to configure a data T1 via a Frame Relay. Now I've been pretty unsuccessful at it, and it's been a while, since I've done this so please bare with me. The ISP provided me the following information: 1. IP address 2. Gateway address 3. Encapsulation Frame Relay 4. DLCI 100 5. BZ8 ESF (I think the bz8 was supposed to be b8zs) 6. Time Slot (1 al 24). And what I have configured up until now is the following: interface Serial0/0 ip address <ip address> 255.255.255.252 encapsulation frame-relay service-module t1 timeslots 1-24 frame-relay interface-dlci 100 sh service-module s0/0 (outputs): Module type is T1/fractional Hardware revision is 0.128, Software revision is 0.2, Image checksum is 0x73D70058, Protocol revision is 0.1 Receiver has no alarms. Framing is **ESF**, Line Code is **B8ZS**, Current clock source is line, Fraction has **24 timeslots** (64 Kbits/sec each), Net bandwidth is 1536 Kbits/sec. Last module self-test (done at startup): Passed Last clearing of alarm counters 00:17:17 loss of signal : 0, loss of frame : 0, AIS alarm : 0, Remote alarm : 2, last occurred 00:10:10 Module access errors : 0, Total Data (last 1 15 minute intervals): 0 Line Code Violations, 0 Path Code Violations 0 Slip Secs, 0 Fr Loss Secs, 0 Line Err Secs, 0 Degraded Mins 0 Errored Secs, 0 Bursty Err Secs, 0 Severely Err Secs, 0 Unavail Secs Data in current interval (138 seconds elapsed): 0 Line Code Violations, 0 Path Code Violations 0 Slip Secs, 0 Fr Loss Secs, 0 Line Err Secs, 0 Degraded Mins 0 Errored Secs, 0 Bursty Err Secs, 0 Severely Err Secs, 0 Unavail Secs sh int: FastEthernet0/0 is up, line protocol is up Hardware is PQUICC_FEC, address is 000d.6516.e5aa (bia 000d.6516.e5aa) Internet address is 10.0.0.1/24 MTU 1500 bytes, BW 100000 Kbit, DLY 100 usec, reliability 255/255, txload 1/255, rxload 1/255 Encapsulation ARPA, loopback not set Keepalive set (10 sec) Full-duplex, 100Mb/s, 100BaseTX/FX ARP type: ARPA, ARP Timeout 04:00:00 Last input 00:20:00, output 00:00:00, output hang never Last clearing of "show interface" counters never Input queue: 0/75/0/0 (size/max/drops/flushes); Total output drops: 0 Queueing strategy: fifo Output queue: 0/40 (size/max) 5 minute input rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec 5 minute output rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec 0 packets input, 0 bytes Received 0 broadcasts, 0 runts, 0 giants, 0 throttles 0 input errors, 0 CRC, 0 frame, 0 overrun, 0 ignored 0 watchdog 0 input packets with dribble condition detected 191 packets output, 20676 bytes, 0 underruns 0 output errors, 0 collisions, 1 interface resets 0 babbles, 0 late collision, 0 deferred 0 lost carrier, 0 no carrier 0 output buffer failures, 0 output buffers swapped out Serial0/0 is up, line protocol is down Hardware is PQUICC with Fractional T1 CSU/DSU MTU 1500 bytes, BW 1536 Kbit, DLY 20000 usec, reliability 255/255, txload 1/255, rxload 1/255 Encapsulation FRAME-RELAY, loopback not set Keepalive set (10 sec) LMI enq sent 157, LMI stat recvd 0, LMI upd recvd 0, DTE LMI down LMI enq recvd 23, LMI stat sent 0, LMI upd sent 0 LMI DLCI 1023 LMI type is CISCO frame relay DTE FR SVC disabled, LAPF state down Broadcast queue 0/64, broadcasts sent/dropped 2/0, interface broadcasts 0 Last input 00:24:51, output 00:00:05, output hang never Last clearing of "show interface" counters 00:27:20 Input queue: 0/75/0/0 (size/max/drops/flushes); Total output drops: 0 Queueing strategy: weighted fair Output queue: 0/1000/64/0 (size/max total/threshold/drops) Conversations 0/1/256 (active/max active/max total) Reserved Conversations 0/0 (allocated/max allocated) Available Bandwidth 1152 kilobits/sec 5 minute input rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec 5 minute output rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec 23 packets input, 302 bytes, 0 no buffer Received 0 broadcasts, 0 runts, 0 giants, 0 throttles 1725 input errors, 595 CRC, 1099 frame, 0 overrun, 0 ignored, 30 abort 246 packets output, 3974 bytes, 0 underruns 0 output errors, 0 collisions, 48 interface resets 0 output buffer failures, 0 output buffers swapped out 4 carrier transitions DCD=up DSR=up DTR=up RTS=up CTS=up Serial0/0.1 is down, line protocol is down Hardware is PQUICC with Fractional T1 CSU/DSU MTU 1500 bytes, BW 1536 Kbit, DLY 20000 usec, reliability 255/255, txload 1/255, rxload 1/255 Encapsulation FRAME-RELAY Last clearing of "show interface" counters never Serial0/0.100 is down, line protocol is down Hardware is PQUICC with Fractional T1 CSU/DSU Internet address is <ip address>/30 MTU 1500 bytes, BW 1536 Kbit, DLY 20000 usec, reliability 255/255, txload 1/255, rxload 1/255 Encapsulation FRAME-RELAY Last clearing of "show interface" counters never And everything seems to be accounted for to me, but apparently I'm missing something. My issue is that I'm stuck on interface up, line protocol down, so the T1 doesn't go up. Any ideas? Thank you,

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  • C programming: hashtable insertion/search

    - by Ricardo Campos
    Hello i have a problem with my hash table its implemented like this: #define HT_SIZE 10 typedef struct _list_t_ { char key[20]; char string[20]; char prevValue[20]; struct _list_t_ *next; } list_t; typedef struct _hash_table_t_ { int size; /* the size of the table */ list_t ***table; /* first */ sem_t lock; } hash_table_t; I have a Linked list with 3 pointers because i want a hash table with several partitions (shards), here is my initialization of my Hash table: hash_table_t *create_hash_table(int NUM_SERVER_THREADS, int num_shards){ hash_table_t *new_table; int j,i; if (HT_SIZE<1) return NULL; /* invalid size for table */ /* Attempt to allocate memory for the hashtable structure */ new_table = (hash_table_t*)malloc(sizeof(hash_table_t)*HT_SIZE); /* Attempt to allocate memory for the table itself */ new_table->table = (list_t ***)calloc(1,sizeof(list_t **)); /* Initialize the elements of the table */ for(j=0; j<num_shards; j++){ new_table->table[j] = (list_t **)calloc(1,sizeof(list_t *)); for(i=0; i<HT_SIZE; i++){ new_table->table[j][i] = (list_t *)calloc(1,sizeof(list_t )); } } /* Set the table's size */ new_table->size = HT_SIZE; sem_init(&new_table->lock, 0, 1); return new_table; } Here is my search function to search in the hash table list_t *lookup_string(hash_table_t *hashtable, char *key, int shardId){ list_t *list ; int hashval = hash(key); /* Go to the correct list based on the hash value and see if key is * in the list. If it is, return return a pointer to the list element. * If it isn't, the item isn't in the table, so return NULL. */ sem_wait(&hashtable->lock); for(list = hashtable->table[shardId][hashval]; list != NULL; list =list->next) { if (strcmp(key, list->key) == 0){ sem_post(&hashtable->lock); return list; } } sem_post(&hashtable->lock); return NULL; } And my insert function: char *add_string(hash_table_t *hashtable, char *str,char *key, int shardId){ list_t *new_list; list_t *current_list; unsigned int hashval = hash(key); /*printf("|%d|%d|%s|\n",hashval,shardId,key);*/ /* Lock for concurrency */ sem_wait(&hashtable->lock); /* Attempt to allocate memory for list */ new_list = (list_t*)malloc(sizeof(list_t)); /* Does item already exist? */ sem_post(&hashtable->lock); current_list = lookup_string(hashtable, key,shardId); sem_wait(&hashtable->lock); /* item already exists, don't insert it again. */ if (current_list != NULL){ strcpy(new_list->prevValue,current_list->string); strcpy(new_list->string,str); strcpy(new_list->key,key); new_list->next = hashtable->table[shardId][hashval]; hashtable->table[shardId][hashval] = new_list; sem_post(&hashtable->lock); return new_list->prevValue; } /* Insert into list */ strcpy(new_list->string,str); strcpy(new_list->key,key); new_list->next = hashtable->table[shardId][hashval]; hashtable->table[shardId][hashval] = new_list; /* Unlock */ sem_post(&hashtable->lock); return new_list->prevValue; } My main class runs some of tests by executing the insertion / reading / delete from the elements of the hash table the problem is when i have more than 4 partitions/shards the tests stop at the first reading element saying it returned the wrong value NULL on the search function, when its less than 4 it runs perfectly well and passes all the tests. You can see my main.c in here if you want to give a look: http://hostcode.sourceforge.net/view/1105 My complete Hash table code: http://hostcode.sourceforge.net/view/1103 And other functions where hash table code is executed: .c file http://hostcode.sourceforge.net/view/1104 .h file http://hostcode.sourceforge.net/view/1106 Thank for you time, i appreciate any help you can give to me this is a college important project that I'm trying to solve and I'm stuck here for 2 days.

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  • September 2011 Release of the Ajax Control Toolkit

    - by Stephen Walther
    I’m happy to announce the release of the September 2011 Ajax Control Toolkit. This release has several important new features including: Date ranges – When using the Calendar extender, you can specify a start and end date and a user can pick only those dates which fall within the specified range. This was the fourth top-voted feature request for the Ajax Control Toolkit at CodePlex. Twitter Control – You can use the new Twitter control to display recent tweets associated with a particular Twitter user or tweets which match a search query. Gravatar Control – You can use the new Gravatar control to display a unique image for each user of your website. Users can upload custom images to the Gravatar.com website or the Gravatar control can display a unique, auto-generated, image for a user. You can download this release this very minute by visiting CodePlex: http://AjaxControlToolkit.CodePlex.com Alternatively, you can execute the following command from the Visual Studio NuGet console: Improvements to the Ajax Control Toolkit Calendar Control The Ajax Control Toolkit Calendar extender control is one of the most heavily used controls from the Ajax Control Toolkit. The developers on the Superexpert team spent the last sprint focusing on improving this control. There are three important changes that we made to the Calendar control: we added support for date ranges, we added support for highlighting today’s date, and we made fixes to several bugs related to time zones and daylight savings. Using Calendar Date Ranges One of the top-voted feature requests for the Ajax Control Toolkit was a request to add support for date ranges to the Calendar control (this was the fourth most voted feature request at CodePlex). With the latest release of the Ajax Control Toolkit, the Calendar extender now supports date ranges. For example, the following page illustrates how you can create a popup calendar which allows a user only to pick dates between March 2, 2009 and May 16, 2009. <%@ Page Language="C#" AutoEventWireup="true" CodeBehind="CalendarDateRange.aspx.cs" Inherits="WebApplication1.CalendarDateRange" %> <%@ Register TagPrefix="asp" Namespace="AjaxControlToolkit" Assembly="AjaxControlToolkit" %> <html> <head runat="server"> <title>Calendar Date Range</title> </head> <body> <form id="form1" runat="server"> <asp:ToolkitScriptManager ID="tsm" runat="server" /> <asp:TextBox ID="txtHotelReservationDate" runat="server" /> <asp:CalendarExtender ID="Calendar1" TargetControlID="txtHotelReservationDate" StartDate="3/2/2009" EndDate="5/16/2009" SelectedDate="3/2/2009" runat="server" /> </form> </body> </html> This page contains three controls: an Ajax Control Toolkit ToolkitScriptManager control, a standard ASP.NET TextBox control, and an Ajax Control Toolkit CalendarExtender control. Notice that the Calendar control includes StartDate and EndDate properties which restrict the range of valid dates. The Calendar control shows days, months, and years outside of the valid range as struck out. You cannot select days, months, or years which fall outside of the range. The following video illustrates interacting with the new date range feature: If you want to experiment with a live version of the Ajax Control Toolkit Calendar extender control then you can visit the Calendar Sample Page at the Ajax Control Toolkit Sample Site. Highlighted Today’s Date Another highly requested feature for the Calendar control was support for highlighting today’s date. The Calendar control now highlights the user’s current date regardless of the user’s time zone. Fixes to Time Zone and Daylight Savings Time Bugs We fixed several significant Calendar extender bugs related to time zones and daylight savings time. For example, previously, when you set the Calendar control’s SelectedDate property to the value 1/1/2007 then the selected data would appear as 12/31/2006 or 1/1/2007 or 1/2/2007 depending on the server time zone. For example, if your server time zone was set to Samoa (UTC-11:00), then setting SelectedDate=”1/1/2007” would result in “12/31/2006” being selected in the Calendar. Users of the Calendar extender control found this behavior confusing. After careful consideration, we decided to change the Calendar extender so that it interprets all dates as UTC dates. In other words, if you set StartDate=”1/1/2007” then the Calendar extender parses the date as 1/1/2007 UTC instead of parsing the date according to the server time zone. By interpreting all dates as UTC dates, we avoid all of the reported issues with the SelectedDate property showing the wrong date. Furthermore, when you set the StartDate and EndDate properties, you know that the same StartDate and EndDate will be selected regardless of the time zone associated with the server or associated with the browser. The date 1/1/2007 will always be the date 1/1/2007. The New Twitter Control This release of the Ajax Control Toolkit introduces a new twitter control. You can use the Twitter control to display recent tweets associated with a particular twitter user. You also can use this control to show the results of a twitter search. The following page illustrates how you can use the Twitter control to display recent tweets made by Scott Hanselman: <%@ Page Language="C#" AutoEventWireup="true" CodeBehind="TwitterProfile.aspx.cs" Inherits="WebApplication1.TwitterProfile" %> <%@ Register TagPrefix="asp" Namespace="AjaxControlToolkit" Assembly="AjaxControlToolkit" %> <html > <head runat="server"> <title>Twitter Profile</title> </head> <body> <form id="form1" runat="server"> <asp:ToolkitScriptManager ID="tsm" runat="server" /> <asp:Twitter ID="Twitter1" ScreenName="shanselman" runat="server" /> </form> </body> </html> This page includes two Ajax Control Toolkit controls: the ToolkitScriptManager control and the Twitter control. The Twitter control is set to display tweets from Scott Hanselman (shanselman): You also can use the Twitter control to display the results of a search query. For example, the following page displays all recent tweets related to the Ajax Control Toolkit: Twitter limits the number of times that you can interact with their API in an hour. Twitter recommends that you cache results on the server (https://dev.twitter.com/docs/rate-limiting). By default, the Twitter control caches results on the server for a duration of 5 minutes. You can modify the cache duration by assigning a value (in seconds) to the Twitter control's CacheDuration property. The Twitter control wraps a standard ASP.NET ListView control. You can customize the appearance of the Twitter control by modifying its LayoutTemplate, StatusTemplate, AlternatingStatusTemplate, and EmptyDataTemplate. To learn more about the new Twitter control, visit the live Twitter Sample Page. The New Gravatar Control The September 2011 release of the Ajax Control Toolkit also includes a new Gravatar control. This control makes it easy to display a unique image for each user of your website. A Gravatar is associated with an email address. You can visit Gravatar.com and upload an image and associate the image with your email address. That way, every website which uses Gravatars (such as the www.ASP.NET website) will display your image next to your name. For example, I visited the Gravatar.com website and associated an image of a Koala Bear with the email address [email protected]. The following page illustrates how you can use the Gravatar control to display the Gravatar image associated with the [email protected] email address: <%@ Page Language="C#" AutoEventWireup="true" CodeBehind="GravatarDemo.aspx.cs" Inherits="WebApplication1.GravatarDemo" %> <%@ Register TagPrefix="asp" Namespace="AjaxControlToolkit" Assembly="AjaxControlToolkit" %> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head id="Head1" runat="server"> <title>Gravatar Demo</title> </head> <body> <form id="form1" runat="server"> <asp:ToolkitScriptManager ID="tsm" runat="server" /> <asp:Gravatar ID="Gravatar1" Email="[email protected]" runat="server" /> </form> </body> </html> The page above simply displays the Gravatar image associated with the [email protected] email address: If a user has not uploaded an image to Gravatar.com then you can auto-generate a unique image for the user from the user email address. The Gravatar control supports four types of auto-generated images: Identicon -- A different geometric pattern is generated for each unrecognized email. MonsterId -- A different image of a monster is generated for each unrecognized email. Wavatar -- A different image of a face is generated for each unrecognized email. Retro -- A different 8-bit arcade-style face is generated for each unrecognized email. For example, there is no Gravatar image associated with the email address [email protected]. The following page displays an auto-generated MonsterId for this email address: <%@ Page Language="C#" AutoEventWireup="true" CodeBehind="GravatarMonster.aspx.cs" Inherits="WebApplication1.GravatarMonster" %> <%@ Register TagPrefix="asp" Namespace="AjaxControlToolkit" Assembly="AjaxControlToolkit" %> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head id="Head1" runat="server"> <title>Gravatar Monster</title> </head> <body> <form id="form1" runat="server"> <asp:ToolkitScriptManager ID="tsm" runat="server" /> <asp:Gravatar ID="Gravatar1" Email="[email protected]" DefaultImageBehavior="MonsterId" runat="server" /> </form> </body> </html> The page above generates the following image automatically from the supplied email address: To learn more about the properties of the new Gravatar control, visit the live Gravatar Sample Page. ASP.NET Connections Talk on the Ajax Control Toolkit If you are interested in learning more about the changes that we are making to the Ajax Control Toolkit then please come to my talk on the Ajax Control Toolkit at the upcoming ASP.NET Connections conference. In the talk, I will present a summary of the changes that we have made to the Ajax Control Toolkit over the last several months and discuss our future plans. Do you have ideas for new Ajax Control Toolkit controls? Ideas for improving the toolkit? Come to my talk – I would love to hear from you. You can register for the ASP.NET Connections conference by visiting the following website: Register for ASP.NET Connections   Summary The previous release of the Ajax Control Toolkit – the July 2011 Release – has had over 100,000 downloads. That is a huge number of developers who are working with the Ajax Control Toolkit. We are really excited about the new features which we added to the Ajax Control Toolkit in the latest September sprint. We hope that you find the updated Calender control, the new Twitter control, and the new Gravatar control valuable when building your ASP.NET Web Forms applications.

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  • ASP.NET MVC Postbacks and HtmlHelper Controls ignoring Model Changes

    - by Rick Strahl
    So here's a binding behavior in ASP.NET MVC that I didn't really get until today: HtmlHelpers controls (like .TextBoxFor() etc.) don't bind to model values on Postback, but rather get their value directly out of the POST buffer from ModelState. Effectively it looks like you can't change the display value of a control via model value updates on a Postback operation. To demonstrate here's an example. I have a small section in a document where I display an editable email address: This is what the form displays on a GET operation and as expected I get the email value displayed in both the textbox and plain value display below, which reflects the value in the mode. I added a plain text value to demonstrate the model value compared to what's rendered in the textbox. The relevant markup is the email address which needs to be manipulated via the model in the Controller code. Here's the Razor markup: <div class="fieldcontainer"> <label> Email: &nbsp; <small>(username and <a href="http://gravatar.com">Gravatar</a> image)</small> </label> <div> @Html.TextBoxFor( mod=> mod.User.Email, new {type="email",@class="inputfield"}) @Model.User.Email </div> </div>   So, I have this form and the user can change their email address. On postback the Post controller code then asks the business layer whether the change is allowed. If it's not I want to reset the email address back to the old value which exists in the database and was previously store. The obvious thing to do would be to modify the model. Here's the Controller logic block that deals with that:// did user change email? if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(oldEmail) && user.Email != oldEmail) { if (userBus.DoesEmailExist(user.Email)) { userBus.ValidationErrors.Add("New email address exists already. Please…"); user.Email = oldEmail; } else // allow email change but require verification by forcing a login user.IsVerified = false; }… model.user = user; return View(model); The logic is straight forward - if the new email address is not valid because it already exists I don't want to display the new email address the user entered, but rather the old one. To do this I change the value on the model which effectively does this:model.user.Email = oldEmail; return View(model); So when I press the Save button after entering in my new email address ([email protected]) here's what comes back in the rendered view: Notice that the textbox value and the raw displayed model value are different. The TextBox displays the POST value, the raw value displays the actual model value which are different. This means that MVC renders the textbox value from the POST data rather than from the view data when an Http POST is active. Now I don't know about you but this is not the behavior I expected - initially. This behavior effectively means that I cannot modify the contents of the textbox from the Controller code if using HtmlHelpers for binding. Updating the model for display purposes in a POST has in effect - no effect. (Apr. 25, 2012 - edited the post heavily based on comments and more experimentation) What should the behavior be? After getting quite a few comments on this post I quickly realized that the behavior I described above is actually the behavior you'd want in 99% of the binding scenarios. You do want to get the POST values back into your input controls at all times, so that the data displayed on a form for the user matches what they typed. So if an error occurs, the error doesn't mysteriously disappear getting replaced either with a default value or some value that you changed on the model on your own. Makes sense. Still it is a little non-obvious because the way you create the UI elements with MVC, it certainly looks like your are binding to the model value:@Html.TextBoxFor( mod=> mod.User.Email, new {type="email",@class="inputfield",required="required" }) and so unless one understands a little bit about how the model binder works this is easy to trip up. At least it was for me. Even though I'm telling the control which model value to bind to, that model value is only used initially on GET operations. After that ModelState/POST values provide the display value. Workarounds The default behavior should be fine for 99% of binding scenarios. But if you do need fix up values based on your model rather than the default POST values, there are a number of ways that you can work around this. Initially when I ran into this, I couldn't figure out how to set the value using code and so the simplest solution to me was simply to not use the MVC Html Helper for the specific control and explicitly bind the model via HTML markup and @Razor expression: <input type="text" name="User.Email" id="User_Email" value="@Model.User.Email" /> And this produces the right result. This is easy enough to create, but feels a little out of place when using the @Html helpers for everything else. As you can see by the difference in the name and id values, you also are forced to remember the naming conventions that MVC imposes in order for ModelBinding to work properly which is a pain to remember and set manually (name is the same as the property with . syntax, id replaces dots with underlines). Use the ModelState Some of my original confusion came because I didn't understand how the model binder works. The model binder basically maintains ModelState on a postback, which holds a value and binding errors for each of the Post back value submitted on the page that can be mapped to the model. In other words there's one ModelState entry for each bound property of the model. Each ModelState entry contains a value property that holds AttemptedValue and RawValue properties. The AttemptedValue is essentially the POST value retrieved from the form. The RawValue is the value that the model holds. When MVC binds controls like @Html.TextBoxFor() or @Html.TextBox(), it always binds values on a GET operation. On a POST operation however, it'll always used the AttemptedValue to display the control. MVC binds using the ModelState on a POST operation, not the model's value. So, if you want the behavior that I was expecting originally you can actually get it by clearing the ModelState in the controller code:ModelState.Clear(); This clears out all the captured ModelState values, and effectively binds to the model. Note this will produce very similar results - in fact if there are no binding errors you see exactly the same behavior as if binding from ModelState, because the model has been updated from the ModelState already and binding to the updated values most likely produces the same values you would get with POST back values. The big difference though is that any values that couldn't bind - like say putting a string into a numeric field - will now not display back the value the user typed, but the default field value or whatever you changed the model value to. This is the behavior I was actually expecting previously. But - clearing out all values might be a bit heavy handed. You might want to fix up one or two values in a model but rarely would you want the entire model to update from the model. So, you can also clear out individual values on an as needed basis:if (userBus.DoesEmailExist(user.Email)) { userBus.ValidationErrors.Add("New email address exists already. Please…"); user.Email = oldEmail; ModelState.Remove("User.Email"); } This allows you to remove a single value from the ModelState and effectively allows you to replace that value for display from the model. Why? While researching this I came across a post from Microsoft's Brad Wilson who describes the default binding behavior best in a forum post: The reason we use the posted value for editors rather than the model value is that the model may not be able to contain the value that the user typed. Imagine in your "int" editor the user had typed "dog". You want to display an error message which says "dog is not valid", and leave "dog" in the editor field. However, your model is an int: there's no way it can store "dog". So we keep the old value. If you don't want the old values in the editor, clear out the Model State. That's where the old value is stored and pulled from the HTML helpers. There you have it. It's not the most intuitive behavior, but in hindsight this behavior does make some sense even if at first glance it looks like you should be able to update values from the model. The solution of clearing ModelState works and is a reasonable one but you have to know about some of the innards of ModelState and how it actually works to figure that out.© Rick Strahl, West Wind Technologies, 2005-2012Posted in ASP.NET  MVC   Tweet !function(d,s,id){var js,fjs=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0];if(!d.getElementById(id)){js=d.createElement(s);js.id=id;js.src="//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js";fjs.parentNode.insertBefore(js,fjs);}}(document,"script","twitter-wjs"); (function() { var po = document.createElement('script'); po.type = 'text/javascript'; po.async = true; po.src = 'https://apis.google.com/js/plusone.js'; var s = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; s.parentNode.insertBefore(po, s); })();

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  • how to fix "BusyBox v1.17.1 (Ubuntu 1:1.17.1-10ubuntu1) built-in shell (ash) Enter 'help' for a list of built-in commands?"

    - by Joseph
    So I was using Ubuntu when suddenly the whole thing froze up and I had to reboot. And from that moment on, the system when it is starting up, prompts this little selection menu: GNU GRUB version 1.99~rc1-13ubuntu3 Ubuntu, with Linux 2.6.38-10-generic ubuntu, with Linux 2.6.38-10-generic (recovery mode) Previous Linux versions Memory test (memtest86+) Memory test (memtest86+, serial console 115200) I have chosen all of the available choices but all I get is another command line system that reads: BusyBox v1.17.1 (Ubuntu 1:1.17.1-10ubuntu1) built-in shell (ash) Enter 'help' for a list of built-in commands. (initramfs): And honestly I can't do anything with it. Does anyone have any idea of what is going on and how I can get Ubuntu to work again?

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  • JQuery and the multiple date selector

    - by David Carter
    Overview I recently needed to build a web page that would allow a user to capture some information and most importantly select multiple dates. This functionality was core to the application and hence had to be easy and quick to do. This is a public facing website so it had to be intuitive and very responsive. On the face of it it didn't seem too hard, I know enough juery to know what it is capable of and I was pretty sure that there would be some plugins that would help speed things along the way. I'm using ASP.Net MVC for this project as I really like the control that it gives you over the generated html and javascript. After years of Web Forms development it makes me feel like a web developer again and puts a smile on my face, that can only be a good thing!   The Calendar The first item that I needed on this page was a calender and I wanted the ability to: have the calendar be always visible select/deselect multiple dates at the same time bind to the select/deselect event so that I could update a seperate listing of the selected dates allow the user to move to another month and still have the calender remember any dates in the previous month I was hoping that there was a jQuery plugin that would meet my requirements and luckily there was! The jQuery datepicker does everything I want and there is quite a bit of documentation on how to use it. It makes use of a javascript date library date.js which I had not come across before but has a number of very useful date utilities that I have used elsewhere in the project. As you can see from the image there still needs to be some styling done! But there will be plenty of time for that later. The calendar clearly shows which dates the user has selected in red and i also make use of an unordered list to show the the selected dates so the user can always clearly see what has been selected even if they move to another month on the calendar. The javascript code that is responsible for listening to events on the calendar and synchronising the list look as follows: <script type="text/javascript">     $(function () {         $('.datepicker').datePicker({ inline: true, selectMultiple: true })         .bind(             'dateSelected',             function (e, selectedDate, $td, state) {                                 var dateInMillisecs = selectedDate.valueOf();                 if (state) { //adding a date                     var newDate = new Date(selectedDate);                     //insert the new item into the correct place in the list                     var listitems = $('#dateList').children('li').get();                     var liToAdd = "<li id='" + dateInMillisecs + "' >" + newDate.toString('ddd dd MMM yyyy') + "</li>";                     var targetIndex = -1;                     for (var i = 0; i < listitems.length; i++) {                         if (dateInMillisecs <= listitems[i].id) {                             targetIndex = i;                             break;                         }                     }                     if (targetIndex < 0) {                         $('#dateList').append(liToAdd);                     }                     else {                         $($('#dateList').children("li")[targetIndex]).before(liToAdd);                     }                 }                 else {//removing a date                     $('ul #' + dateInMillisecs).remove();                 }             }         )     }); When a date is selected on the calendar a function is called with a number of parameters passed to it. The ones I am particularly interested in are selectedDate and state. State tells me whether the user has selected or deselected the date passed in the selectedDate parameter. The <ul> that I am using to show the date has an id of dateList and this is what I will be adding and removing <li> items from. To make things a little more logical for the user I decided that the date should be sorted in chronological order, this means that each time a new date is selected it need to be placed in the correct position in the list. One way to do this would be just to append a new <li> to the list and then sort the whole list. However the approach I took was to get an array of all the items in the list var listitems = ('#dateList').children('li').get(); and then check the value of each item in the array against my new date and as soon as I found the case where the new date was less than the current item remember that position in the list as this is where I would insert it later. To make this work easily I decided to store a numeric representation of each date in the list in the id attribute of each <li> element. Fortunately javascript natively stores dates as the number of milliseconds since 1 Jan 1970. var dateInMillisecs = selectedDate.valueOf(); Please note that this is the value of the date in UTC! I always like to store dates in UTC as I learnt a long time ago that it saves a lot of refactoring at a later date... When I convert the dates back to their original back on the server I will need the UTC offset that was used when calculating the dates, this and how to actually serialise the dates and get them posted back will be the subject of another post.

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  • Organizations &amp; Architecture UNISA Studies &ndash; Chap 7

    - by MarkPearl
    Learning Outcomes Name different device categories Discuss the functions and structure of I/.O modules Describe the principles of Programmed I/O Describe the principles of Interrupt-driven I/O Describe the principles of DMA Discuss the evolution characteristic of I/O channels Describe different types of I/O interface Explain the principles of point-to-point and multipoint configurations Discuss the way in which a FireWire serial bus functions Discuss the principles of InfiniBand architecture External Devices An external device attaches to the computer by a link to an I/O module. The link is used to exchange control, status, and data between the I/O module and the external device. External devices can be classified into 3 categories… Human readable – e.g. video display Machine readable – e.g. magnetic disk Communications – e.g. wifi card I/O Modules An I/O module has two major functions… Interface to the processor and memory via the system bus or central switch Interface to one or more peripheral devices by tailored data links Module Functions The major functions or requirements for an I/O module fall into the following categories… Control and timing Processor communication Device communication Data buffering Error detection I/O function includes a control and timing requirement, to coordinate the flow of traffic between internal resources and external devices. Processor communication involves the following… Command decoding Data Status reporting Address recognition The I/O device must be able to perform device communication. This communication involves commands, status information, and data. An essential task of an I/O module is data buffering due to the relative slow speeds of most external devices. An I/O module is often responsible for error detection and for subsequently reporting errors to the processor. I/O Module Structure An I/O module functions to allow the processor to view a wide range of devices in a simple minded way. The I/O module may hide the details of timing, formats, and the electro mechanics of an external device so that the processor can function in terms of simple reads and write commands. An I/O channel/processor is an I/O module that takes on most of the detailed processing burden, presenting a high-level interface to the processor. There are 3 techniques are possible for I/O operations Programmed I/O Interrupt[t I/O DMA Access Programmed I/O When a processor is executing a program and encounters an instruction relating to I/O it executes that instruction by issuing a command to the appropriate I/O module. With programmed I/O, the I/O module will perform the requested action and then set the appropriate bits in the I/O status register. The I/O module takes no further actions to alert the processor. I/O Commands To execute an I/O related instruction, the processor issues an address, specifying the particular I/O module and external device, and an I/O command. There are four types of I/O commands that an I/O module may receive when it is addressed by a processor… Control – used to activate a peripheral and tell it what to do Test – Used to test various status conditions associated with an I/O module and its peripherals Read – Causes the I/O module to obtain an item of data from the peripheral and place it in an internal buffer Write – Causes the I/O module to take an item of data form the data bus and subsequently transmit that data item to the peripheral The main disadvantage of this technique is it is a time consuming process that keeps the processor busy needlessly I/O Instructions With programmed I/O there is a close correspondence between the I/O related instructions that the processor fetches from memory and the I/O commands that the processor issues to an I/O module to execute the instructions. Typically there will be many I/O devices connected through I/O modules to the system – each device is given a unique identifier or address – when the processor issues an I/O command, the command contains the address of the address of the desired device, thus each I/O module must interpret the address lines to determine if the command is for itself. When the processor, main memory and I/O share a common bus, two modes of addressing are possible… Memory mapped I/O Isolated I/O (for a detailed explanation read page 245 of book) The advantage of memory mapped I/O over isolated I/O is that it has a large repertoire of instructions that can be used, allowing more efficient programming. The disadvantage of memory mapped I/O over isolated I/O is that valuable memory address space is sued up. Interrupts driven I/O Interrupt driven I/O works as follows… The processor issues an I/O command to a module and then goes on to do some other useful work The I/O module will then interrupts the processor to request service when is is ready to exchange data with the processor The processor then executes the data transfer and then resumes its former processing Interrupt Processing The occurrence of an interrupt triggers a number of events, both in the processor hardware and in software. When an I/O device completes an I/O operations the following sequence of hardware events occurs… The device issues an interrupt signal to the processor The processor finishes execution of the current instruction before responding to the interrupt The processor tests for an interrupt – determines that there is one – and sends an acknowledgement signal to the device that issues the interrupt. The acknowledgement allows the device to remove its interrupt signal The processor now needs to prepare to transfer control to the interrupt routine. To begin, it needs to save information needed to resume the current program at the point of interrupt. The minimum information required is the status of the processor and the location of the next instruction to be executed. The processor now loads the program counter with the entry location of the interrupt-handling program that will respond to this interrupt. It also saves the values of the process registers because the Interrupt operation may modify these The interrupt handler processes the interrupt – this includes examination of status information relating to the I/O operation or other event that caused an interrupt When interrupt processing is complete, the saved register values are retrieved from the stack and restored to the registers Finally, the PSW and program counter values from the stack are restored. Design Issues Two design issues arise in implementing interrupt I/O Because there will be multiple I/O modules, how does the processor determine which device issued the interrupt? If multiple interrupts have occurred, how does the processor decide which one to process? Addressing device recognition, 4 general categories of techniques are in common use… Multiple interrupt lines Software poll Daisy chain Bus arbitration For a detailed explanation of these approaches read page 250 of the textbook. Interrupt driven I/O while more efficient than simple programmed I/O still requires the active intervention of the processor to transfer data between memory and an I/O module, and any data transfer must traverse a path through the processor. Thus is suffers from two inherent drawbacks… The I/O transfer rate is limited by the speed with which the processor can test and service a device The processor is tied up in managing an I/O transfer; a number of instructions must be executed for each I/O transfer Direct Memory Access When large volumes of data are to be moved, an efficient technique is direct memory access (DMA) DMA Function DMA involves an additional module on the system bus. The DMA module is capable of mimicking the processor and taking over control of the system from the processor. It needs to do this to transfer data to and from memory over the system bus. DMA must the bus only when the processor does not need it, or it must force the processor to suspend operation temporarily (most common – referred to as cycle stealing). When the processor wishes to read or write a block of data, it issues a command to the DMA module by sending to the DMA module the following information… Whether a read or write is requested using the read or write control line between the processor and the DMA module The address of the I/O device involved, communicated on the data lines The starting location in memory to read from or write to, communicated on the data lines and stored by the DMA module in its address register The number of words to be read or written, communicated via the data lines and stored in the data count register The processor then continues with other work, it delegates the I/O operation to the DMA module which transfers the entire block of data, one word at a time, directly to or from memory without going through the processor. When the transfer is complete, the DMA module sends an interrupt signal to the processor, this the processor is involved only at the beginning and end of the transfer. I/O Channels and Processors Characteristics of I/O Channels As one proceeds along the evolutionary path, more and more of the I/O function is performed without CPU involvement. The I/O channel represents an extension of the DMA concept. An I/O channel ahs the ability to execute I/O instructions, which gives it complete control over I/O operations. In a computer system with such devices, the CPU does not execute I/O instructions – such instructions are stored in main memory to be executed by a special purpose processor in the I/O channel itself. Two types of I/O channels are common A selector channel controls multiple high-speed devices. A multiplexor channel can handle I/O with multiple characters as fast as possible to multiple devices. The external interface: FireWire and InfiniBand Types of Interfaces One major characteristic of the interface is whether it is serial or parallel parallel interface – there are multiple lines connecting the I/O module and the peripheral, and multiple bits are transferred simultaneously serial interface – there is only one line used to transmit data, and bits must be transmitted one at a time With new generation serial interfaces, parallel interfaces are becoming less common. In either case, the I/O module must engage in a dialogue with the peripheral. In general terms the dialog may look as follows… The I/O module sends a control signal requesting permission to send data The peripheral acknowledges the request The I/O module transfers data The peripheral acknowledges receipt of data For a detailed explanation of FireWire and InfiniBand technology read page 264 – 270 of the textbook

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  • Two network interfaces and two IP addresses on the same subnet in Linux

    - by Scott Duckworth
    I recently ran into a situation where I needed two IP addresses on the same subnet assigned to one Linux host so that we could run two SSL/TLS sites. My first approach was to use IP aliasing, e.g. using eth0:0, eth0:1, etc, but our network admins have some fairly strict settings in place for security that squashed this idea: They use DHCP snooping and normally don't allow static IP addresses. Static addressing is accomplished by using static DHCP entries, so the same MAC address always gets the same IP assignment. This feature can be disabled per switchport if you ask and you have a reason for it (thankfully I have a good relationship with the network guys and this isn't hard to do). With the DHCP snooping disabled on the switchport, they had to put in a rule on the switch that said MAC address X is allowed to have IP address Y. Unfortunately this had the side effect of also saying that MAC address X is ONLY allowed to have IP address Y. IP aliasing required that MAC address X was assigned two IP addresses, so this didn't work. There may have been a way around these issues on the switch configuration, but in an attempt to preserve good relations with the network admins I tried to find another way. Having two network interfaces seemed like the next logical step. Thankfully this Linux system is a virtual machine, so I was able to easily add a second network interface (without rebooting, I might add - pretty cool). A few keystrokes later I had two network interfaces up and running and both pulled IP addresses from DHCP. But then the problem came in: the network admins could see (on the switch) the ARP entry for both interfaces, but only the first network interface that I brought up would respond to pings or any sort of TCP or UDP traffic. After lots of digging and poking, here's what I came up with. It seems to work, but it also seems to be a lot of work for something that seems like it should be simple. Any alternate ideas out there? Step 1: Enable ARP filtering on all interfaces: # sysctl -w net.ipv4.conf.all.arp_filter=1 # echo "net.ipv4.conf.all.arp_filter = 1" >> /etc/sysctl.conf From the file networking/ip-sysctl.txt in the Linux kernel docs: arp_filter - BOOLEAN 1 - Allows you to have multiple network interfaces on the same subnet, and have the ARPs for each interface be answered based on whether or not the kernel would route a packet from the ARP'd IP out that interface (therefore you must use source based routing for this to work). In other words it allows control of which cards (usually 1) will respond to an arp request. 0 - (default) The kernel can respond to arp requests with addresses from other interfaces. This may seem wrong but it usually makes sense, because it increases the chance of successful communication. IP addresses are owned by the complete host on Linux, not by particular interfaces. Only for more complex setups like load- balancing, does this behaviour cause problems. arp_filter for the interface will be enabled if at least one of conf/{all,interface}/arp_filter is set to TRUE, it will be disabled otherwise Step 2: Implement source-based routing I basically just followed directions from http://lartc.org/howto/lartc.rpdb.multiple-links.html, although that page was written with a different goal in mind (dealing with two ISPs). Assume that the subnet is 10.0.0.0/24, the gateway is 10.0.0.1, the IP address for eth0 is 10.0.0.100, and the IP address for eth1 is 10.0.0.101. Define two new routing tables named eth0 and eth1 in /etc/iproute2/rt_tables: ... top of file omitted ... 1 eth0 2 eth1 Define the routes for these two tables: # ip route add default via 10.0.0.1 table eth0 # ip route add default via 10.0.0.1 table eth1 # ip route add 10.0.0.0/24 dev eth0 src 10.0.0.100 table eth0 # ip route add 10.0.0.0/24 dev eth1 src 10.0.0.101 table eth1 Define the rules for when to use the new routing tables: # ip rule add from 10.0.0.100 table eth0 # ip rule add from 10.0.0.101 table eth1 The main routing table was already taken care of by DHCP (and it's not even clear that its strictly necessary in this case), but it basically equates to this: # ip route add default via 10.0.0.1 dev eth0 # ip route add 130.127.48.0/23 dev eth0 src 10.0.0.100 # ip route add 130.127.48.0/23 dev eth1 src 10.0.0.101 And voila! Everything seems to work just fine. Sending pings to both IP addresses works fine. Sending pings from this system to other systems and forcing the ping to use a specific interface works fine (ping -I eth0 10.0.0.1, ping -I eth1 10.0.0.1). And most importantly, all TCP and UDP traffic to/from either IP address works as expected. So again, my question is: is there a better way to do this? This seems like a lot of work for a seemingly simple problem.

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  • Adding and accessing custom sections in your C# App.config

    - by deadlydog
    So I recently thought I’d try using the app.config file to specify some data for my application (such as URLs) rather than hard-coding it into my app, which would require a recompile and redeploy of my app if one of our URLs changed.  By using the app.config it allows a user to just open up the .config file that sits beside their .exe file and edit the URLs right there and then re-run the app; no recompiling, no redeployment necessary. I spent a good few hours fighting with the app.config and looking at examples on Google before I was able to get things to work properly.  Most of the examples I found showed you how to pull a value from the app.config if you knew the specific key of the element you wanted to retrieve, but it took me a while to find a way to simply loop through all elements in a section, so I thought I would share my solutions here.   Simple and Easy The easiest way to use the app.config is to use the built-in types, such as NameValueSectionHandler.  For example, if we just wanted to add a list of database server urls to use in my app, we could do this in the app.config file like so: 1: <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?> 2: <configuration> 3: <configSections> 4: <section name="ConnectionManagerDatabaseServers" type="System.Configuration.NameValueSectionHandler" /> 5: </configSections> 6: <startup> 7: <supportedRuntime version="v4.0" sku=".NETFramework,Version=v4.5" /> 8: </startup> 9: <ConnectionManagerDatabaseServers> 10: <add key="localhost" value="localhost" /> 11: <add key="Dev" value="Dev.MyDomain.local" /> 12: <add key="Test" value="Test.MyDomain.local" /> 13: <add key="Live" value="Prod.MyDomain.com" /> 14: </ConnectionManagerDatabaseServers> 15: </configuration>   And then you can access these values in code like so: 1: string devUrl = string.Empty; 2: var connectionManagerDatabaseServers = ConfigurationManager.GetSection("ConnectionManagerDatabaseServers") as NameValueCollection; 3: if (connectionManagerDatabaseServers != null) 4: { 5: devUrl = connectionManagerDatabaseServers["Dev"].ToString(); 6: }   Sometimes though you don’t know what the keys are going to be and you just want to grab all of the values in that ConnectionManagerDatabaseServers section.  In that case you can get them all like this: 1: // Grab the Environments listed in the App.config and add them to our list. 2: var connectionManagerDatabaseServers = ConfigurationManager.GetSection("ConnectionManagerDatabaseServers") as NameValueCollection; 3: if (connectionManagerDatabaseServers != null) 4: { 5: foreach (var serverKey in connectionManagerDatabaseServers.AllKeys) 6: { 7: string serverValue = connectionManagerDatabaseServers.GetValues(serverKey).FirstOrDefault(); 8: AddDatabaseServer(serverValue); 9: } 10: }   And here we just assume that the AddDatabaseServer() function adds the given string to some list of strings.  So this works great, but what about when we want to bring in more values than just a single string (or technically you could use this to bring in 2 strings, where the “key” could be the other string you want to store; for example, we could have stored the value of the Key as the user-friendly name of the url).   More Advanced (and more complicated) So if you want to bring in more information than a string or two per object in the section, then you can no longer simply use the built-in System.Configuration.NameValueSectionHandler type provided for us.  Instead you have to build your own types.  Here let’s assume that we again want to configure a set of addresses (i.e. urls), but we want to specify some extra info with them, such as the user-friendly name, if they require SSL or not, and a list of security groups that are allowed to save changes made to these endpoints. So let’s start by looking at the app.config: 1: <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?> 2: <configuration> 3: <configSections> 4: <section name="ConnectionManagerDataSection" type="ConnectionManagerUpdater.Data.Configuration.ConnectionManagerDataSection, ConnectionManagerUpdater" /> 5: </configSections> 6: <startup> 7: <supportedRuntime version="v4.0" sku=".NETFramework,Version=v4.5" /> 8: </startup> 9: <ConnectionManagerDataSection> 10: <ConnectionManagerEndpoints> 11: <add name="Development" address="Dev.MyDomain.local" useSSL="false" /> 12: <add name="Test" address="Test.MyDomain.local" useSSL="true" /> 13: <add name="Live" address="Prod.MyDomain.com" useSSL="true" securityGroupsAllowedToSaveChanges="ConnectionManagerUsers" /> 14: </ConnectionManagerEndpoints> 15: </ConnectionManagerDataSection> 16: </configuration>   The first thing to notice here is that my section is now using the type “ConnectionManagerUpdater.Data.Configuration.ConnectionManagerDataSection” (the fully qualified path to my new class I created) “, ConnectionManagerUpdater” (the name of the assembly my new class is in).  Next, you will also notice an extra layer down in the <ConnectionManagerDataSection> which is the <ConnectionManagerEndpoints> element.  This is a new collection class that I created to hold each of the Endpoint entries that are defined.  Let’s look at that code now: 1: using System; 2: using System.Collections.Generic; 3: using System.Configuration; 4: using System.Linq; 5: using System.Text; 6: using System.Threading.Tasks; 7:  8: namespace ConnectionManagerUpdater.Data.Configuration 9: { 10: public class ConnectionManagerDataSection : ConfigurationSection 11: { 12: /// <summary> 13: /// The name of this section in the app.config. 14: /// </summary> 15: public const string SectionName = "ConnectionManagerDataSection"; 16: 17: private const string EndpointCollectionName = "ConnectionManagerEndpoints"; 18:  19: [ConfigurationProperty(EndpointCollectionName)] 20: [ConfigurationCollection(typeof(ConnectionManagerEndpointsCollection), AddItemName = "add")] 21: public ConnectionManagerEndpointsCollection ConnectionManagerEndpoints { get { return (ConnectionManagerEndpointsCollection)base[EndpointCollectionName]; } } 22: } 23:  24: public class ConnectionManagerEndpointsCollection : ConfigurationElementCollection 25: { 26: protected override ConfigurationElement CreateNewElement() 27: { 28: return new ConnectionManagerEndpointElement(); 29: } 30: 31: protected override object GetElementKey(ConfigurationElement element) 32: { 33: return ((ConnectionManagerEndpointElement)element).Name; 34: } 35: } 36: 37: public class ConnectionManagerEndpointElement : ConfigurationElement 38: { 39: [ConfigurationProperty("name", IsRequired = true)] 40: public string Name 41: { 42: get { return (string)this["name"]; } 43: set { this["name"] = value; } 44: } 45: 46: [ConfigurationProperty("address", IsRequired = true)] 47: public string Address 48: { 49: get { return (string)this["address"]; } 50: set { this["address"] = value; } 51: } 52: 53: [ConfigurationProperty("useSSL", IsRequired = false, DefaultValue = false)] 54: public bool UseSSL 55: { 56: get { return (bool)this["useSSL"]; } 57: set { this["useSSL"] = value; } 58: } 59: 60: [ConfigurationProperty("securityGroupsAllowedToSaveChanges", IsRequired = false)] 61: public string SecurityGroupsAllowedToSaveChanges 62: { 63: get { return (string)this["securityGroupsAllowedToSaveChanges"]; } 64: set { this["securityGroupsAllowedToSaveChanges"] = value; } 65: } 66: } 67: }   So here the first class we declare is the one that appears in the <configSections> element of the app.config.  It is ConnectionManagerDataSection and it inherits from the necessary System.Configuration.ConfigurationSection class.  This class just has one property (other than the expected section name), that basically just says I have a Collection property, which is actually a ConnectionManagerEndpointsCollection, which is the next class defined.  The ConnectionManagerEndpointsCollection class inherits from ConfigurationElementCollection and overrides the requied fields.  The first tells it what type of Element to create when adding a new one (in our case a ConnectionManagerEndpointElement), and a function specifying what property on our ConnectionManagerEndpointElement class is the unique key, which I’ve specified to be the Name field. The last class defined is the actual meat of our elements.  It inherits from ConfigurationElement and specifies the properties of the element (which can then be set in the xml of the App.config).  The “ConfigurationProperty” attribute on each of the properties tells what we expect the name of the property to correspond to in each element in the app.config, as well as some additional information such as if that property is required and what it’s default value should be. Finally, the code to actually access these values would look like this: 1: // Grab the Environments listed in the App.config and add them to our list. 2: var connectionManagerDataSection = ConfigurationManager.GetSection(ConnectionManagerDataSection.SectionName) as ConnectionManagerDataSection; 3: if (connectionManagerDataSection != null) 4: { 5: foreach (ConnectionManagerEndpointElement endpointElement in connectionManagerDataSection.ConnectionManagerEndpoints) 6: { 7: var endpoint = new ConnectionManagerEndpoint() { Name = endpointElement.Name, ServerInfo = new ConnectionManagerServerInfo() { Address = endpointElement.Address, UseSSL = endpointElement.UseSSL, SecurityGroupsAllowedToSaveChanges = endpointElement.SecurityGroupsAllowedToSaveChanges.Split(',').Where(e => !string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(e)).ToList() } }; 8: AddEndpoint(endpoint); 9: } 10: } This looks very similar to what we had before in the “simple” example.  The main points of interest are that we cast the section as ConnectionManagerDataSection (which is the class we defined for our section) and then iterate over the endpoints collection using the ConnectionManagerEndpoints property we created in the ConnectionManagerDataSection class.   Also, some other helpful resources around using app.config that I found (and for parts that I didn’t really explain in this article) are: How do you use sections in C# 4.0 app.config? (Stack Overflow) <== Shows how to use Section Groups as well, which is something that I did not cover here, but might be of interest to you. How to: Create Custom Configuration Sections Using Configuration Section (MSDN) ConfigurationSection Class (MSDN) ConfigurationCollectionAttribute Class (MSDN) ConfigurationElementCollection Class (MSDN)   I hope you find this helpful.  Feel free to leave a comment.  Happy Coding!

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  • Wireless internet connection connects but internet does not work (no packets received). Wired does.

    - by Rodney
    When I connect my PC via ethernet cable to my ADSL router it works fine. When I connect via Wireless it connects and the internet will work for a random amount of time and then stop working. It stays connected with a strong signal but no packets are received. My laptop/iphone are right next to it and wireless works fine. If I open the Wireless USB status, it says it is connected to my SSID with full strength (54 mps - I am 3 meteres away from my router) and the activty shows as Packets 594 SENT and 105 RECEIVED (this goes up VERY slowly) I have tried the following: Turned off anitvirus and firewall completely. Tested the wifi signal- I am writing this on my laptop which is next to my PC and also has full wifi strength. Tried a different wireless adapter - I dug out an old PCI wireless card - it does the exact same thing. Compared all wireless settings to my laptop. I can ping google.com and it replies (sometimes with packet loss) When I reboot the PC it will connect for a minute or two (random time) and then just stops again. I tried Firefox, IE etc. no joy I have updated all latest versions (Netgear WG111v2) and drivers Checked Event Log - nothing unusual Ping the router (and even connect as admin for the few minutes when the internet does work) Changed the MTU down to 1200 using DrTCP Checked Device Manager for conflicts - none. I ping the router from the PC (192.168.0.10 - 192.168.0.1) and it replies with 4 packets. BUT, on my router admin page (which I access via http on my laptop wirelessly) - if I ping 192.168.0.10 all packets timeout (pinging my laptop 192.168.0.12 works fine) My router admin page shows the leased IP address for 192.168.0.10 (ie it is definitely talking to the router initially) Now I am out of ideas - please help. I think it is an OS/Software issue as I have tried 2 different wireless adapaters (PCI and USB) with the same result but all other wireless devices work fine around mine). It's not the firewall. It is getting assigned an IP address correctly (my PC gets 192.168.0.10, my laptop is .12) It is assigned by DHCP. As soon as I plug in the ethernet cable it all works fine. Repairing the adapter sometimes helps but it will always stop working after a random time. The wireless adapter always shows as connected with Excellent signal but the internet does not work. I am running Windows XP SP3 and have tried a Netgear WG111v2 USB adapter. Thanks in advance! UPDATE: The internet seems to be working, it is just either sending packets too small or slow to work (some small pages load bits of them very slowly but then hang). XP seems to have a networking diagnostic app - here is the output: Last diagnostic run time: 08/30/10 08:16:38 IP Configuration Diagnostic Invalid IP address info Valid IP address detected: 192.168.0.10 IP Layer Diagnostic Corrupted IP routing table info The default route is valid info The loopback route is valid info The local host route is valid info The local subnet route is valid Invalid ARP cache entries action The ARP cache has been flushed Gateway Diagnostic Gateway info The following proxy configuration is being used by IE: Automatically Detect Settings:Disabled Automatic Configuration Script: Proxy Server: Proxy Bypass list: info This computer has the following default gateway entry(ies): 192.168.0.1 info This computer has the following IP address(es): 192.168.0.10 info The default gateway is in the same subnet as this computer info The default gateway entry is a valid unicast address info The default gateway address was resolved via ARP in 1 try(ies) info The default gateway was reached via ICMP Ping in 1 try(ies) info TCP port 80 on host 65.55.12.249 was successfully reached info The Internet host www.microsoft.com was successfully reached info The default gateway is OK DNS Client Diagnostic DNS - Not a home user scenario info Using Web Proxy: no info Resolving name ok for (www.microsoft.com): yes No DNS servers DNS failure HTTP, HTTPS, FTP Diagnostic HTTP, HTTPS, FTP connectivity info FTP (Passive): Successfully connected to ftp.microsoft.com. info HTTP: Successfully connected to www.microsoft.com. warn HTTPS: Error 12002 connecting to www.microsoft.com: The operation timed out warn HTTPS: Error 12002 connecting to www.passport.net: The operation timed out error Could not make an HTTPS connection. info Redirecting user to support call WinSock Diagnostic WinSock status info All base service provider entries are present in the Winsock catalog. info The Winsock Service provider chains are valid. info Provider entry MSAFD Tcpip [TCP/IP] passed the loopback communication test. info Provider entry MSAFD Tcpip [UDP/IP] passed the loopback communication test. info Provider entry RSVP UDP Service Provider passed the loopback communication test. info Provider entry RSVP TCP Service Provider passed the loopback communication test. info Connectivity is valid for all Winsock service providers. Wireless Diagnostic Wireless - Service disabled Wireless - User SSID action User input required: Specify network name or SSID Wireless - First time setup info The Wireless Network name (SSID) to which the user would like to connect = RodSof Wifi. Wireless - Radio off info Valid IP address detected: 192.168.0.10 Wireless - Out of range Wireless - Hardware issue Wireless - Novice user Wireless - Ad-hoc network Wireless - Less preferred Wireless - 802.1x enabled Wireless - Configuration mismatch Wireless - Low SNR Network Adapter Diagnostic Network location detection info Using home Internet connection Network adapter identification info Network connection: Name=Local Area Connection 2, Device=Realtek RTL8168C(P)/8111C(P) PCI-E Gigabit Ethernet NIC, MediaType=LAN, SubMediaType=LAN info Network connection: Name=Wireless USB, Device=NETGEAR WG111v2 54Mbps Wireless USB 2.0 Adapter, MediaType=LAN, SubMediaType=WIRELESS info Both Ethernet and Wireless connections available, prompting user for selection action User input required: Select network connection info Wireless connection selected Network adapter status info Network connection status: Connected HTTP, HTTPS, FTP Diagnostic HTTP, HTTPS, FTP connectivity info FTP (Active): Successfully connected to ftp.microsoft.com. warn HTTP: Error 12007 connecting to www.microsoft.com: The server name or address could not be resolved warn HTTP: Error 12002 connecting to www.hotmail.com: The operation timed out warn HTTPS: Error 12002 connecting to www.passport.net: The operation timed out warn HTTPS: Error 12002 connecting to www.microsoft.com: The operation timed out error Could not make an HTTP connection. error Could not make an HTTPS connection.

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  • Some non-generic collections

    - by Simon Cooper
    Although the collections classes introduced in .NET 2, 3.5 and 4 cover most scenarios, there are still some .NET 1 collections that don't have generic counterparts. In this post, I'll be examining what they do, why you might use them, and some things you'll need to bear in mind when doing so. BitArray System.Collections.BitArray is conceptually the same as a List<bool>, but whereas List<bool> stores each boolean in a single byte (as that's what the backing bool[] does), BitArray uses a single bit to store each value, and uses various bitmasks to access each bit individually. This means that BitArray is eight times smaller than a List<bool>. Furthermore, BitArray has some useful functions for bitmasks, like And, Xor and Not, and it's not limited to 32 or 64 bits; a BitArray can hold as many bits as you need. However, it's not all roses and kittens. There are some fundamental limitations you have to bear in mind when using BitArray: It's a non-generic collection. The enumerator returns object (a boxed boolean), rather than an unboxed bool. This means that if you do this: foreach (bool b in bitArray) { ... } Every single boolean value will be boxed, then unboxed. And if you do this: foreach (var b in bitArray) { ... } you'll have to manually unbox b on every iteration, as it'll come out of the enumerator an object. Instead, you should manually iterate over the collection using a for loop: for (int i=0; i<bitArray.Length; i++) { bool b = bitArray[i]; ... } Following on from that, if you want to use BitArray in the context of an IEnumerable<bool>, ICollection<bool> or IList<bool>, you'll need to write a wrapper class, or use the Enumerable.Cast<bool> extension method (although Cast would box and unbox every value you get out of it). There is no Add or Remove method. You specify the number of bits you need in the constructor, and that's what you get. You can change the length yourself using the Length property setter though. It doesn't implement IList. Although not really important if you're writing a generic wrapper around it, it is something to bear in mind if you're using it with pre-generic code. However, if you use BitArray carefully, it can provide significant gains over a List<bool> for functionality and efficiency of space. OrderedDictionary System.Collections.Specialized.OrderedDictionary does exactly what you would expect - it's an IDictionary that maintains items in the order they are added. It does this by storing key/value pairs in a Hashtable (to get O(1) key lookup) and an ArrayList (to maintain the order). You can access values by key or index, and insert or remove items at a particular index. The enumerator returns items in index order. However, the Keys and Values properties return ICollection, not IList, as you might expect; CopyTo doesn't maintain the same ordering, as it copies from the backing Hashtable, not ArrayList; and any operations that insert or remove items from the middle of the collection are O(n), just like a normal list. In short; don't use this class. If you need some sort of ordered dictionary, it would be better to write your own generic dictionary combining a Dictionary<TKey, TValue> and List<KeyValuePair<TKey, TValue>> or List<TKey> for your specific situation. ListDictionary and HybridDictionary To look at why you might want to use ListDictionary or HybridDictionary, we need to examine the performance of these dictionaries compared to Hashtable and Dictionary<object, object>. For this test, I added n items to each collection, then randomly accessed n/2 items: So, what's going on here? Well, ListDictionary is implemented as a linked list of key/value pairs; all operations on the dictionary require an O(n) search through the list. However, for small n, the constant factor that big-o notation doesn't measure is much lower than the hashing overhead of Hashtable or Dictionary. HybridDictionary combines a Hashtable and ListDictionary; for small n, it uses a backing ListDictionary, but switches to a Hashtable when it gets to 9 items (you can see the point it switches from a ListDictionary to Hashtable in the graph). Apart from that, it's got very similar performance to Hashtable. So why would you want to use either of these? In short, you wouldn't. Any gain in performance by using ListDictionary over Dictionary<TKey, TValue> would be offset by the generic dictionary not having to cast or box the items you store, something the graphs above don't measure. Only if the performance of the dictionary is vital, the dictionary will hold less than 30 items, and you don't need type safety, would you use ListDictionary over the generic Dictionary. And even then, there's probably more useful performance gains you can make elsewhere.

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  • Anatomy of a .NET Assembly - CLR metadata 2

    - by Simon Cooper
    Before we look any further at the CLR metadata, we need a quick diversion to understand how the metadata is actually stored. Encoding table information As an example, we'll have a look at a row in the TypeDef table. According to the spec, each TypeDef consists of the following: Flags specifying various properties of the class, including visibility. The name of the type. The namespace of the type. What type this type extends. The field list of this type. The method list of this type. How is all this data actually represented? Offset & RID encoding Most assemblies don't need to use a 4 byte value to specify heap offsets and RIDs everywhere, however we can't hard-code every offset and RID to be 2 bytes long as there could conceivably be more than 65535 items in a heap or more than 65535 fields or types defined in an assembly. So heap offsets and RIDs are only represented in the full 4 bytes if it is required; in the header information at the top of the #~ stream are 3 bits indicating if the #Strings, #GUID, or #Blob heaps use 2 or 4 bytes (the #US stream is not accessed from metadata), and the rowcount of each table. If the rowcount for a particular table is greater than 65535 then all RIDs referencing that table throughout the metadata use 4 bytes, else only 2 bytes are used. Coded tokens Not every field in a table row references a single predefined table. For example, in the TypeDef extends field, a type can extend another TypeDef (a type in the same assembly), a TypeRef (a type in a different assembly), or a TypeSpec (an instantiation of a generic type). A token would have to be used to let us specify the table along with the RID. Tokens are always 4 bytes long; again, this is rather wasteful of space. Cutting the RID down to 2 bytes would make each token 3 bytes long, which isn't really an optimum size for computers to read from memory or disk. However, every use of a token in the metadata tables can only point to a limited subset of the metadata tables. For the extends field, we only need to be able to specify one of 3 tables, which we can do using 2 bits: 0x0: TypeDef 0x1: TypeRef 0x2: TypeSpec We could therefore compress the 4-byte token that would otherwise be needed into a coded token of type TypeDefOrRef. For each type of coded token, the least significant bits encode the table the token points to, and the rest of the bits encode the RID within that table. We can work out whether each type of coded token needs 2 or 4 bytes to represent it by working out whether the maximum RID of every table that the coded token type can point to will fit in the space available. The space available for the RID depends on the type of coded token; a TypeOrMethodDef coded token only needs 1 bit to specify the table, leaving 15 bits available for the RID before a 4-byte representation is needed, whereas a HasCustomAttribute coded token can point to one of 18 different tables, and so needs 5 bits to specify the table, only leaving 11 bits for the RID before 4 bytes are needed to represent that coded token type. For example, a 2-byte TypeDefOrRef coded token with the value 0x0321 has the following bit pattern: 0 3 2 1 0000 0011 0010 0001 The first two bits specify the table - TypeRef; the other bits specify the RID. Because we've used the first two bits, we've got to shift everything along two bits: 000000 1100 1000 This gives us a RID of 0xc8. If any one of the TypeDef, TypeRef or TypeSpec tables had more than 16383 rows (2^14 - 1), then 4 bytes would need to be used to represent all TypeDefOrRef coded tokens throughout the metadata tables. Lists The third representation we need to consider is 1-to-many references; each TypeDef refers to a list of FieldDef and MethodDef belonging to that type. If we were to specify every FieldDef and MethodDef individually then each TypeDef would be very large and a variable size, which isn't ideal. There is a way of specifying a list of references without explicitly specifying every item; if we order the MethodDef and FieldDef tables by the owning type, then the field list and method list in a TypeDef only have to be a single RID pointing at the first FieldDef or MethodDef belonging to that type; the end of the list can be inferred by the field list and method list RIDs of the next row in the TypeDef table. Going back to the TypeDef If we have a look back at the definition of a TypeDef, we end up with the following reprensentation for each row: Flags - always 4 bytes Name - a #Strings heap offset. Namespace - a #Strings heap offset. Extends - a TypeDefOrRef coded token. FieldList - a single RID to the FieldDef table. MethodList - a single RID to the MethodDef table. So, depending on the number of entries in the heaps and tables within the assembly, the rows in the TypeDef table can be as small as 14 bytes, or as large as 24 bytes. Now we've had a look at how information is encoded within the metadata tables, in the next post we can see how they are arranged on disk.

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  • In Exim, is RBL spam rejected prior to being scanned by SpamAssassin?

    - by user955664
    I've recently been battling spam issues on our mail server. One account in particular was getting hammered with incoming spam. SpamAssassin's memory use is one of our concerns. What I've done is enable RBLs in Exim. I now see many rejection notices in the Exim log based on the various RBLs, which is good. However, when I run Eximstats, the numbers seem to be the same as they were prior to the enabling of the RBLs. I am assuming because the email is still logged in some way prior to the rejection. Is that what's happening, or am I missing something else? Does anyone know if these emails are rejected prior to being processed by SpamAssassin? Or does anyone know how I'd be able to find out? Is there a standard way to generate SpamAssassin stats, similar to Eximstats, so that I could compare the numbers? Thank you for your time and any advice. Edit: Here is the ACL section of my Exim configuration file ###################################################################### # ACLs # ###################################################################### begin acl # ACL that is used after the RCPT command check_recipient: # to block certain wellknown exploits, Deny for local domains if # local parts begin with a dot or contain @ % ! / | deny domains = +local_domains local_parts = ^[.] : ^.*[@%!/|] # to restrict port 587 to authenticated users only # see also daemon_smtp_ports above accept hosts = +auth_relay_hosts condition = ${if eq {$interface_port}{587} {yes}{no}} endpass message = relay not permitted, authentication required authenticated = * # allow local users to send outgoing messages using slashes # and vertical bars in their local parts. # Block outgoing local parts that begin with a dot, slash, or vertical # bar but allows them within the local part. # The sequence \..\ is barred. The usage of @ % and ! is barred as # before. The motivation is to prevent your users (or their virii) # from mounting certain kinds of attacks on remote sites. deny domains = !+local_domains local_parts = ^[./|] : ^.*[@%!] : ^.*/\\.\\./ # local source whitelist # accept if the source is local SMTP (i.e. not over TCP/IP). # Test for this by testing for an empty sending host field. accept hosts = : # sender domains whitelist # accept if sender domain is in whitelist accept sender_domains = +whitelist_domains # sender hosts whitelist # accept if sender host is in whitelist accept hosts = +whitelist_hosts accept hosts = +whitelist_hosts_ip # envelope senders whitelist # accept if envelope sender is in whitelist accept senders = +whitelist_senders # accept mail to postmaster in any local domain, regardless of source accept local_parts = postmaster domains = +local_domains # accept mail to abuse in any local domain, regardless of source accept local_parts = abuse domains = +local_domains # accept mail to hostmaster in any local domain, regardless of source accept local_parts = hostmaster domains =+local_domains # OPTIONAL MODIFICATIONS: # If the page you're using to notify senders of blocked email of how # to get their address unblocked will use a web form to send you email so # you'll know to unblock those senders, then you may leave these lines # commented out. However, if you'll be telling your senders of blocked # email to send an email to [email protected], then you should # replace "errors" with the left side of the email address you'll be # using, and "example.com" with the right side of the email address and # then uncomment the second two lines, leaving the first one commented. # Doing this will mean anyone can send email to this specific address, # even if they're at a blocked domain, and even if your domain is using # blocklists. # accept mail to [email protected], regardless of source # accept local_parts = errors # domains = example.com # deny so-called "legal" spammers" deny message = Email blocked by LBL - to unblock see http://www.example.com/ # only for domains that do want to be tested against RBLs domains = +use_rbl_domains sender_domains = +blacklist_domains # deny using hostname in bad_sender_hosts blacklist deny message = Email blocked by BSHL - to unblock see http://www.example.com/ # only for domains that do want to be tested against RBLs domains = +use_rbl_domains hosts = +bad_sender_hosts # deny using IP in bad_sender_hosts blacklist deny message = Email blocked by BSHL - to unblock see http://www.example.com/ # only for domains that do want to be tested against RBLs domains = +use_rbl_domains hosts = +bad_sender_hosts_ip # deny using email address in blacklist_senders deny message = Email blocked by BSAL - to unblock see http://www.example.com/ domains = +use_rbl_domains senders = +blacklist_senders # By default we do NOT require sender verification. # Sender verification denies unless sender address can be verified: # If you want to require sender verification, i.e., that the sending # address is routable and mail can be delivered to it, then # uncomment the next line. If you do not want to require sender # verification, leave the line commented out #require verify = sender # deny using .spamhaus deny message = Email blocked by SPAMHAUS - to unblock see http://www.example.com/ # only for domains that do want to be tested against RBLs domains = +use_rbl_domains dnslists = sbl.spamhaus.org # deny using ordb # deny message = Email blocked by ORDB - to unblock see http://www.example.com/ # # only for domains that do want to be tested against RBLs # domains = +use_rbl_domains # dnslists = relays.ordb.org # deny using sorbs smtp list deny message = Email blocked by SORBS - to unblock see http://www.example.com/ # only for domains that do want to be tested against RBLs domains = +use_rbl_domains dnslists = dnsbl.sorbs.net=127.0.0.5 # Next deny stuff from more "fuzzy" blacklists # but do bypass all checking for whitelisted host names # and for authenticated users # deny using spamcop deny message = Email blocked by SPAMCOP - to unblock see http://www.example.com/ hosts = !+relay_hosts domains = +use_rbl_domains !authenticated = * dnslists = bl.spamcop.net # deny using njabl deny message = Email blocked by NJABL - to unblock see http://www.example.com/ hosts = !+relay_hosts domains = +use_rbl_domains !authenticated = * dnslists = dnsbl.njabl.org # deny using cbl deny message = Email blocked by CBL - to unblock see http://www.example.com/ hosts = !+relay_hosts domains = +use_rbl_domains !authenticated = * dnslists = cbl.abuseat.org # deny using all other sorbs ip-based blocklist besides smtp list deny message = Email blocked by SORBS - to unblock see http://www.example.com/ hosts = !+relay_hosts domains = +use_rbl_domains !authenticated = * dnslists = dnsbl.sorbs.net!=127.0.0.6 # deny using sorbs name based list deny message = Email blocked by SORBS - to unblock see http://www.example.com/ domains =+use_rbl_domains # rhsbl list is name based dnslists = rhsbl.sorbs.net/$sender_address_domain # accept if address is in a local domain as long as recipient can be verified accept domains = +local_domains endpass message = "Unknown User" verify = recipient # accept if address is in a domain for which we relay as long as recipient # can be verified accept domains = +relay_domains endpass verify=recipient # accept if message comes for a host for which we are an outgoing relay # recipient verification is omitted because many MUA clients don't cope # well with SMTP error responses. If you are actually relaying from MTAs # then you should probably add recipient verify here accept hosts = +relay_hosts accept hosts = +auth_relay_hosts endpass message = authentication required authenticated = * deny message = relay not permitted # default at end of acl causes a "deny", but line below will give # an explicit error message: deny message = relay not permitted # ACL that is used after the DATA command check_message: accept

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  • Jersey 2 in GlassFish 4 - First Java EE 7 Implementation Now Integrated (TOTD #182)

    - by arungupta
    The JAX-RS 2.0 specification released their Early Draft 3 recently. One of my earlier blogs explained as the features were first introduced in the very first draft of the JAX-RS 2.0 specification. Last week was another milestone when the first Java EE 7 specification implementation was added to GlassFish 4 builds. Jakub blogged about Jersey 2 integration in GlassFish 4 builds. Most of the basic functionality is working but EJB, CDI, and Validation are still a TBD. Here is a simple Tip Of The Day (TOTD) sample to get you started with using that functionality. Create a Java EE 6-style Maven project mvn archetype:generate -DarchetypeGroupId=org.codehaus.mojo.archetypes -DarchetypeArtifactId=webapp-javaee6 -DgroupId=example -DartifactId=jersey2-helloworld -DarchetypeVersion=1.5 -DinteractiveMode=false Note, this is still a Java EE 6 archetype, at least for now. Open the project in NetBeans IDE as it makes it much easier to edit/add the files. Add the following <respositories> <repositories> <repository> <id>snapshot-repository.java.net</id> <name>Java.net Snapshot Repository for Maven</name> <url>https://maven.java.net/content/repositories/snapshots/</url> <layout>default</layout> </repository></repositories> Add the following <dependency>s <dependency> <groupId>junit</groupId> <artifactId>junit</artifactId> <version>4.10</version> <scope>test</scope></dependency><dependency> <groupId>javax.ws.rs</groupId> <artifactId>javax.ws.rs-api</artifactId> <version>2.0-m09</version> <scope>test</scope></dependency><dependency> <groupId>org.glassfish.jersey.core</groupId> <artifactId>jersey-client</artifactId> <version>2.0-m05</version> <scope>test</scope></dependency> The complete list of Maven coordinates for Jersey2 are available here. An up-to-date status of Jersey 2 can always be obtained from here. Here is a simple resource class: @Path("movies")public class MoviesResource { @GET @Path("list") public List<Movie> getMovies() { List<Movie> movies = new ArrayList<Movie>(); movies.add(new Movie("Million Dollar Baby", "Hillary Swank")); movies.add(new Movie("Toy Story", "Buzz Light Year")); movies.add(new Movie("Hunger Games", "Jennifer Lawrence")); return movies; }} This resource publishes a list of movies and is accessible at "movies/list" path with HTTP GET. The project is using the standard JAX-RS APIs. Of course, you need the trivial "Movie" and the "Application" class as well. They are available in the downloadable project anyway. Build the project mvn package And deploy to GlassFish 4.0 promoted build 43 (download, unzip, and start as "bin/asadmin start-domain") as asadmin deploy --force=true target/jersey2-helloworld.war Add a simple test case by right-clicking on the MoviesResource class, select "Tools", "Create Tests", and take defaults. Replace the function "testGetMovies" to @Testpublic void testGetMovies() { System.out.println("getMovies"); Client client = ClientFactory.newClient(); List<Movie> movieList = client.target("http://localhost:8080/jersey2-helloworld/webresources/movies/list") .request() .get(new GenericType<List<Movie>>() {}); assertEquals(3, movieList.size());} This test uses the newly defined JAX-RS 2 client APIs to access the RESTful resource. Run the test by giving the command "mvn test" and see the output as ------------------------------------------------------- T E S T S-------------------------------------------------------Running example.MoviesResourceTestgetMoviesTests run: 1, Failures: 0, Errors: 0, Skipped: 0, Time elapsed: 0.561 secResults :Tests run: 1, Failures: 0, Errors: 0, Skipped: 0 GlassFish 4 contains Jersey 2 as the JAX-RS implementation. If you want to use Jersey 1.1 functionality, then Martin's blog provide more details on that. All JAX-RS 1.x functionality will be supported using standard APIs anyway. This workaround is only required if Jersey 1.x functionality needs to be accessed. The complete source code explained in this project can be downloaded from here. Here are some pointers to follow JAX-RS 2 Specification Early Draft 3 Latest status on specification (jax-rs-spec.java.net) Latest JAX-RS 2.0 Javadocs Latest status on Jersey (Reference Implementation of JAX-RS 2 - jersey.java.net) Latest Jersey API Javadocs Latest GlassFish 4.0 Promoted Build Follow @gf_jersey Provide feedback on Jersey 2 to [email protected] and JAX-RS specification to [email protected].

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  • Creating PHP Forms with show/hide functionality [migrated]

    - by ronquiq
    I want to create two reports and submit the report data to database by using two functions defined in a class: Here I have two buttons: "Create ES" and "Create RP". Rightnow, my forms are working fine, I can insert data successfully, but the problem was when I click on submit after filling the form data, the content is hiding and displays the fist div content "cs_content" and again I need to onclick to submit again. Could anyone give a solution for this. Requirement : When I click on "Create CS", I should be able to fill the form and submit data successfully with a message within "cs_content" and any form input errors, the errors should display within "cs_content". When I click on "Create RP", I should be able to fill the form and submit data successfully with a message within "rp_content" and any form input errors, the errors should display within "rp_content". home.php <?php require 'classes/class.report.php'; $report = new Report($db); ?> <html> <head> <script src="js/jqueryv1.10.2.js"></script> <script> $ (document).ready(function () { //$("#cs_content").show(); $('#cs').click(function () { $('#cs_content').fadeIn('slow'); $('#rp_content').hide(); }); $('#rp').click(function () { $('#rp_content').fadeIn('slow'); $('#cs_content').hide(); }); }); </script> </head> <body> <div class="container2"> <div style="margin:0px 0px;padding:3px 217px;overflow:hidden;"> <div id="cs" style="float:left;margin:0px 0px;padding:7px;"><input type="button" value="CREATE CS"></div> <div id="rp" style="float:left;margin:0px 0px;padding:7px;"><input type="button" value="CREATE RP"></div><br> </div> <div id="cs_content"> <?php $report->create_cs_report(); ?> </div> <div id="rp_content" style="display:none;"> <?php $report->create_rp_report(); ?> </div> </div> </body> </html> class.report.php <?php class Report { private $db; public function __construct($database){ $this->db = $database; } public function create_cs_report() { if (isset($_POST['create_es_report'])) { $report_name = htmlentities($_POST['report_name']); $from_address = htmlentities($_POST['from_address']); $subject = htmlentities($_POST['subject']); $reply_to = htmlentities($_POST['reply_to']); if (empty($_POST['report_name']) || empty($_POST['from_address']) || empty($_POST['subject']) || empty($_POST['reply_to'])) { $errors[] = '<span class="error">All fields are required.</span>'; } else { if (isset($_POST['report_name']) && empty($_POST['report_name'])) { $errors[] = '<span class="error">Report Name is required</span>'; } else if (!ctype_alnum($_POST['report_name'])) { $errors[] = '<span class="error">Report Name: Whitespace is not allowed, only alphabets and numbers are required</span>'; } if (isset($_POST['from_address']) && empty($_POST['from_address'])) { $errors[] = '<span class="error">From address is required</span>'; } else if (filter_var($_POST['from_address'], FILTER_VALIDATE_EMAIL) === false) { $errors[] = '<span class="error">Please enter a valid From address</span>'; } if (isset($_POST['subject']) && empty($_POST['subject'])) { $errors[] = '<span class="error">Subject is required</span>'; } else if (!ctype_alnum($_POST['subject'])) { $errors[] = '<span class="error">Subject: Whitespace is not allowed, only alphabets and numbers are required</span>'; } if (isset($_POST['reply_to']) && empty($_POST['reply_to'])) { $errors[] = '<span class="error">Reply To is required</span>'; } else if (filter_var($_POST['reply_to'], FILTER_VALIDATE_EMAIL) === false) { $errors[] = '<span class="error">Please enter a valid Reply-To address</span>'; } } if (empty($errors) === true) { $query = $this->db->prepare("INSERT INTO report(report_name, from_address, subject, reply_to) VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?) "); $query->bindValue(1, $report_name); $query->bindValue(2, $from_address); $query->bindValue(3, $subject); $query->bindValue(4, $reply_to); try { $query->execute(); } catch(PDOException $e) { die($e->getMessage()); } header('Location:home.php?success'); exit(); } } if (isset($_GET['success']) && empty($_GET['success'])) { header('Location:home.php'); echo '<span class="error">Report is succesfully created</span>'; } ?> <form action="" method="POST" accept-charset="UTF-8"> <div style="font-weight:bold;padding:17px 80px;text-decoration:underline;">Section A</div> <table class="create_report"> <tr><td><label>Report Name</label><span style="color:#A60000">*</span></td> <td><input type="text" name="report_name" required placeholder="Name of the report" value="<?php if(isset($_POST["report_name"])) echo $report_name; ?>" size="30" maxlength="30"> </td></tr> <tr><td><label>From</label><span style="color:#A60000">*</span></td> <td><input type="text" name="from_address" required placeholder="From address" value="<?php if(isset($_POST["from_address"])) echo $from_address; ?>" size="30"> </td></tr> <tr><td><label>Subject</label><span style="color:#A60000">*</span></td> <td><input type="text" name="subject" required placeholder="Subject" value="<?php if(isset($_POST["subject"])) echo $subject; ?>" size="30"> </td></tr> <tr><td><label>Reply To</label><span style="color:#A60000">*</span></td> <td><input type="text" name="reply_to" required placeholder="Reply address" value="<?php if(isset($_POST["reply_to"])) echo $reply_to; ?>" size="30"> </td></tr> <tr><td><input type="submit" value="create report" style="background:#8AC007;color:#080808;padding:6px;" name="create_es_report"></td></tr> </table> </form> <?php //IF THERE ARE ERRORS, THEY WOULD BE DISPLAY HERE if (empty($errors) === false) { echo '<div>' . implode('</p><p>', $errors) . '</div>'; } } public function create_rp_report() { if (isset($_POST['create_rp_report'])) { $report_name = htmlentities($_POST['report_name']); $to_address = htmlentities($_POST['to_address']); $subject = htmlentities($_POST['subject']); $reply_to = htmlentities($_POST['reply_to']); if (empty($_POST['report_name']) || empty($_POST['to_address']) || empty($_POST['subject']) || empty($_POST['reply_to'])) { $errors[] = '<span class="error">All fields are required.</span>'; } else { if (isset($_POST['report_name']) && empty($_POST['report_name'])) { $errors[] = '<span class="error">Report Name is required</span>'; } else if (!ctype_alnum($_POST['report_name'])) { $errors[] = '<span class="error">Report Name: Whitespace is not allowed, only alphabets and numbers are required</span>'; } if (isset($_POST['to_address']) && empty($_POST['to_address'])) { $errors[] = '<span class="error">to address is required</span>'; } else if (filter_var($_POST['to_address'], FILTER_VALIDATE_EMAIL) === false) { $errors[] = '<span class="error">Please enter a valid to address</span>'; } if (isset($_POST['subject']) && empty($_POST['subject'])) { $errors[] = '<span class="error">Subject is required</span>'; } else if (!ctype_alnum($_POST['subject'])) { $errors[] = '<span class="error">Subject: Whitespace is not allowed, only alphabets and numbers are required</span>'; } if (isset($_POST['reply_to']) && empty($_POST['reply_to'])) { $errors[] = '<span class="error">Reply To is required</span>'; } else if (filter_var($_POST['reply_to'], FILTER_VALIDATE_EMAIL) === false) { $errors[] = '<span class="error">Please enter a valid Reply-To address</span>'; } } if (empty($errors) === true) { $query = $this->db->prepare("INSERT INTO report(report_name, to_address, subject, reply_to) VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?) "); $query->bindValue(1, $report_name); $query->bindValue(2, $to_address); $query->bindValue(3, $subject); $query->bindValue(4, $reply_to); try { $query->execute(); } catch(PDOException $e) { die($e->getMessage()); } header('Location:home.php?success'); exit(); } } if (isset($_GET['success']) && empty($_GET['success'])) { header('Location:home.php'); echo '<span class="error">Report is succesfully created</span>'; } ?> <form action="" method="POST" accept-charset="UTF-8"> <div style="font-weight:bold;padding:17px 80px;text-decoration:underline;">Section A</div> <table class="create_report"> <tr><td><label>Report Name</label><span style="color:#A60000">*</span></td> <td><input type="text" name="report_name" required placeholder="Name of the report" value="<?php if(isset($_POST["report_name"])) echo $report_name; ?>" size="30" maxlength="30"> </td></tr> <tr><td><label>to</label><span style="color:#A60000">*</span></td> <td><input type="text" name="to_address" required placeholder="to address" value="<?php if(isset($_POST["to_address"])) echo $to_address; ?>" size="30"> </td></tr> <tr><td><label>Subject</label><span style="color:#A60000">*</span></td> <td><input type="text" name="subject" required placeholder="Subject" value="<?php if(isset($_POST["subject"])) echo $subject; ?>" size="30"> </td></tr> <tr><td><label>Reply To</label><span style="color:#A60000">*</span></td> <td><input type="text" name="reply_to" required placeholder="Reply address" value="<?php if(isset($_POST["reply_to"])) echo $reply_to; ?>" size="30"> </td></tr> <tr><td><input type="submit" value="create report" style="background:#8AC007;color:#080808;padding:6px;" name="create_rp_report"></td></tr> </table> </form> <?php //IF THERE ARE ERRORS, THEY WOULD BE DISPLAY HERE if (empty($errors) === false) { echo '<div>' . implode('</p><p>', $errors) . '</div>'; } } }//Report CLASS ENDS

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  • MVC Html.ActionLink not passing querystring properly

    - by Dave Hanna
    This seems like it should be pretty straight forward, but I'm apparently confused. I have a List view that displays a paged list. At the bottom I have a set of actionlinks: <%= Html.ActionLink("First Page", "List", new { page = 1} ) %> &nbsp; <%= Html.ActionLink("Prev Page", "List", new { page = Model.PageNumber - 1 }) %> &nbsp; <%= Html.ActionLink("Next Page", "List", new { page = Model.PageNumber + 1 }) %> &nbsp; <%= Html.ActionLink("Last Page", "List", new { page = Model.LastPage } )%> I'm using the basic default routes setup, except with "List" substituted for "Index": routes.MapRoute( "Default", // Route name "{controller}/{action}/{id}", // URL with parameters new { controller = "Home", action = "List", id = UrlParameter.Optional } // Parameter defaults ); The problem is that the ActionLink helpers are generating links of the form: http://localhost:2083/Retrofit?page=2 rather than http://localhost:2083/Retrofit/?page=2 (with the trailing slash after the controller name & before the query string). When the first URL is routed, it completely loses the query string - if I look at Request.QueryString by the time it gets to the controller, it's null. If I enter the second URL (with the trailing slash), it comes in properly (i.e., QueryString of "page=2"). So how can I either get the ActionLink helper to generate the right URL, or get the Routing to properly parse what ActionLink is generating? Thanks.

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  • search all paths and the shortest path for a graph - Prolog

    - by prologian
    Hi , I have a problem in my code with turbo prolog wich search all paths and the shortest path for a graph between 2 nodes the problem that i have is to test if the node is on the list or not exactly in the clause of member and this is my code : /* 1 ---- b ---- 3 --- | --- --- | ----- a |5 d --- | ----- --- | --- 2 --- | --- 4 -- c -- for example we have for b--->c ([b,c],5) , ([b,a,c],3) and ([b,d,c],7) : possible paths. ([b,a,c],3) : the shortest path. */ DOMAINS list=Symbol * PREDICATES distance(Symbol,Symbol) path1(Symbol,Symbol,list,integer) path(Symbol,Symbol,list,list,integer) distance(Symbol,list,integer) member(Symbol,list) shortest(Symbol,Symbol,list,integer) CLAUSES distance(a,b,1). distance(a,c,2). distance(b,d,3). distance(c,d,4). distance(b,c,5). distance(b,a,1). distance(c,a,2). distance(d,b,3). distance(d,c,4). distance(c,b,5). member(X, [Y|T]) :- X = Y; member(X, T). absent(X,L) :-member(X, L),!,fail. absent(_,_). /*find all paths*/ path1(X, Y, L, C):- path(X, Y, L, I, C). path(X, X, [X], I, C) :- absent(X, I). path(X, Y, [X|R], I, C) :- distance(X, Z, A) , absent(Z, I), path(Z, Y, R, [X|I] ,C1) , C=C1+A . /*to find the shortest path*/ shortest(X, Y, L, C):-path(X, Y, L, C),path(X, Y, L1, C1),C<C1.

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  • Creating a Reverse Proxy using Jpcap

    - by Ramon Marco Navarro
    I need to create a program that receives HTTP request and forwards those requests to the web servers. I have successfully made this using only Java Sockets but the client needed the program to be implemented in Jpcap. I'd like to know if this is possible and what literature I should be reading for this project. This is what I have now by stitching together pieces from the Jpcap tutorial: import java.net.InetAddress; import java.io.*; import jpcap.*; import jpcap.packet.*; public class Router { public static void main(String args[]) { //Obtain the list of network interfaces NetworkInterface[] devices = JpcapCaptor.getDeviceList(); //for each network interface for (int i = 0; i < devices.length; i++) { //print out its name and description System.out.println(i+": "+devices[i].name + "(" + devices[i].description+")"); //print out its datalink name and description System.out.println(" datalink: "+devices[i].datalink_name + "(" + devices[i].datalink_description+")"); //print out its MAC address System.out.print(" MAC address:"); for (byte b : devices[i].mac_address) System.out.print(Integer.toHexString(b&0xff) + ":"); System.out.println(); //print out its IP address, subnet mask and broadcast address for (NetworkInterfaceAddress a : devices[i].addresses) System.out.println(" address:"+a.address + " " + a.subnet + " "+ a.broadcast); } int index = 1; // set index of the interface that you want to open. //Open an interface with openDevice(NetworkInterface intrface, int snaplen, boolean promics, int to_ms) JpcapCaptor captor = null; try { captor = JpcapCaptor.openDevice(devices[index], 65535, false, 20); captor.setFilter("port 80 and host 192.168.56.1", true); } catch(java.io.IOException e) { System.err.println(e); } //call processPacket() to let Jpcap call PacketPrinter.receivePacket() for every packet capture. captor.loopPacket(-1,new PacketPrinter()); captor.close(); } } class PacketPrinter implements PacketReceiver { //this method is called every time Jpcap captures a packet public void receivePacket(Packet p) { JpcapSender sender = null; try { NetworkInterface[] devices = JpcapCaptor.getDeviceList(); sender = JpcapSender.openDevice(devices[1]); } catch(IOException e) { System.err.println(e); } IPPacket packet = (IPPacket)p; try { // IP Address of machine sending HTTP requests (the client) // It's still on the same LAN as the servers for testing purposes. packet.dst_ip = InetAddress.getByName("192.168.56.2"); } catch(java.net.UnknownHostException e) { System.err.println(e); } //create an Ethernet packet (frame) EthernetPacket ether=new EthernetPacket(); //set frame type as IP ether.frametype=EthernetPacket.ETHERTYPE_IP; //set source and destination MAC addresses // MAC Address of machine running reverse proxy server ether.src_mac = new MacAddress("08:00:27:00:9C:80").getAddress(); // MAC Address of machine running web server ether.dst_mac = new MacAddress("08:00:27:C7:D2:4C").getAddress(); //set the datalink frame of the packet as ether packet.datalink=ether; //send the packet sender.sendPacket(packet); sender.close(); //just print out a captured packet System.out.println(packet); } } Any help would be greatly appreciated. Thank you.

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  • Validation Summary for Lists using Data Annotations with MVC

    - by David Liddle
    I currently use a custom method to display validation error messages for lists but would like to replace this system for using with Data Annotations. In summary on validation of my form, I want to display "*" next to each input that is incorrect and also provide a Validation Summary at the bottom that relates each error message to the particular item in the list. e.g. say if validation failed on the 2nd list item on a Name input box and the 4th item on an Address input box the validation summary would display [2] Name is invalid [4] Address is invalid Please ignore if there are mistakes in the code below. I'm just writing this as an example. The code below shows how I was able to do it using my custom version of adding model errors but was wondering how to do this using Data Annotations? //Domain Object public class MyObject { public int ID { get; set; } public string Name { get; set; } public string Address { get; set; } public bool IsValid { get { return (GetRuleViolations().Count() == 0); } } public void IEnumerable<RuleViolation> GetRuleViolations() { if (String.IsNullOrEmpty(Name)) yield return new RuleViolation(ID, "Name", "Name is invalid"); if (String.IsNullOrEmpty(Address)) yield return new RuleViolation(ID, "Address", "Address is invalid"); yield break; } } //Rule Violation public class RuleViolation { public int ID { get; private set; } public string PropertyName { get; private set; } public string ErrorMessage { get; private set; } } //View <% for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) { %> <p> <%= Html.Hidden("myObjects[" + i + "].ID", i) %> Name: <%= Html.TextBox("myObjects[" + i + "].Name") %> <br /> <%= Html.ValidationMessage("myObjects[" + i + "].Name", "*")<br /> Address: <%= Html.TextBox("myObjects[" + i + "].Address") %> <%= Html.ValidationMessage("myObjects[" + i + "].Address", "*")<br /> </p> <% } %> <p><%= Html.ValidationSummary() %> //Controller public ActionResult MyAction(IList<MyObject> myObjects) { foreach (MyObject o in myObjects) { if (!o.IsValid) ModelState.AddModelErrors(o.GetRuleViolations(), o.GetType().Name); } if (!Model.IsValid) { return View(); } } public static class ModelStateExtensions { public static void AddModelError(this ModelStateDictionary modelState, RuleViolation issue, string name) { string key = String.Format("{0}[{1}].{2}", name, issue.ID, issue.PropertyName); string error = String.Format("[{0}] {1}", (issue.ID + 1), issue.ErrorMessage); //above line determines the [ID] ErrorMessage to be //displayed in the Validation Summary modelState.AddModelError(key, error); }

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  • Force-directed graphing

    - by David
    Hello, I'm trying to write a force-directed or force-atlas code base for a graphing application I'm building for myself. Here is an example of what I'm attempting: http://sawamuland.com/flash/graph.html I managed to find some pseudo code to accomplish what I'd like on the Wiki Force-atlas article. I've converted this into ActionScript 3.0 code since it's a Flash application. Here is my source: var timestep:int = 0; var damping:int = 0; var total_kinetic_engery:int = 0; for (var node in list) { var net_force:int = 0; for (var other_node in list) { net_force += coulombRepulsion(node, other_node, nodeList); } for (var spring in list[node].relations) { net_force += hookeAttraction(node, spring, nodeList); } list[node].velocity += (timestep * net_force) * damping; list[node].position += timestep * list[node].velocity; total_kinetic_engery += list[node].mass * (list[node].velocity) ^ 2; } The problem now is finding pseudo code or a function to perform the the coulomb repulsion and hooke attraction code. I'm not exactly sure how to accomplish this. Does anyone know of a good reference I can look at...understand and implement quickly? Best.

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