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• Why are my uWSGI processes dying immediately?

  - by orokusaki

  I'm using Supervisor and the uWSGI Emperor mode. When I set limit-as to 512 (MB), workers die instantly (respawn, die, respawn, die, every 3/4 of a second or so): [uwsgi] workers = 4 threads = 40 limit-as = 512 harakiri = 20 max-requests = 1600 ... non-performance/memory/processor-related settings ommitted But, if I change limit-as to: [uwsgi] workers = 4 threads = 40 limit-as = 1024 harakiri = 20 max-requests = 1600 ... non-performance/memory/processor-related settings ommitted and restart uwsgi, the problem is gone immediately. In order to put a sham in this, I've modified the setting back to 512, restarted again, and the problem is back immediately. Notes: My app is a simple Django app without much additional Python setup during start-up time.

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• Ubuntu whois package and request limits

  - by Sam Hammamy

  I'm writing a django app with a form that accepts an IP and does a whois lookup on the discovered domain names. I've found the Ubuntu package whois which I plan to call from a python subprocess, and read the stdout into a StringIO, then parse for things like Registrar, Name Servers, etc. My question is, it seems that there are many paid whois services, which means that there must be a reason why people don't just use this Ubuntu package. I'm wondering if there's a request limit on the number of requests from a single IP to the package's whois server? I will probably be making 250 domain lookups per IP or maybe more. Also, I've found that some domains aren't searchable: qmul.ac.uk is searchable kat.ph is not searchable ahram.org.eg is not searchable Any particular reason for that?

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• SATA drive problems with two SIL RAID cards

  - by Jon Topper

  I've just put a second SiI 3114 SATARaid card in my home server so that I could add another pair of SATA drives and increase my storage space. Annoyingly, it doesn't seem to work: [ 32.816030] ata5: lost interrupt (Status 0x0) [ 32.816072] ata5.00: exception Emask 0x0 SAct 0x0 SErr 0x0 action 0x6 frozen [ 32.816091] ata5.00: cmd c8/00:08:00:00:00/00:00:00:00:00/e0 tag 0 dma 4096 in [ 32.816094] res 40/00:00:00:00:00/00:00:00:00:00/00 Emask 0x4 (timeout) [ 32.816101] ata5.00: status: { DRDY } [ 32.816117] ata5: hard resetting link [ 33.136082] ata5: SATA link down (SStatus 0 SControl 0) [ 36.060940] irq 18: nobody cared (try booting with the "irqpoll" option) [ 36.060949] Pid: 0, comm: swapper Not tainted 2.6.31-20-generic #58-Ubuntu [ 36.060954] Call Trace: [ 36.060977] [] ? printk+0x18/0x1c [ 36.060997] [] __report_bad_irq+0x27/0x90 [ 36.061005] [] note_interrupt+0x150/0x190 [ 36.061011] [] handle_fasteoi_irq+0xac/0xd0 [ 36.061023] [] handle_irq+0x18/0x30 [ 36.061029] [] do_IRQ+0x47/0xc0 [ 36.061042] [] ? irq_exit+0x50/0x70 [ 36.061058] [] ? smp_apic_timer_interrupt+0x57/0x90 [ 36.061065] [] common_interrupt+0x30/0x40 [ 36.061075] [] ? native_safe_halt+0x5/0x10 [ 36.061082] [] default_idle+0x46/0xd0 [ 36.061088] [] cpu_idle+0x8c/0xd0 [ 36.061103] [] rest_init+0x55/0x60 [ 36.061111] [] start_kernel+0x2e6/0x2ec [ 36.061117] [] ? unknown_bootoption+0x0/0x19e [ 36.061133] [] i386_start_kernel+0x7c/0x83 [ 36.061137] handlers: [ 36.061139] [] (sil_interrupt+0x0/0xb0) [ 36.061151] Disabling IRQ #18 [ 38.136014] ata5: hard resetting link [ 38.456022] ata5: SATA link down (SStatus 0 SControl 0) [ 43.456013] ata5: hard resetting link [ 43.776022] ata5: SATA link down (SStatus 0 SControl 0) [ 43.776035] ata5.00: disabled [ 43.776055] ata5.00: device reported invalid CHS sector 0 [ 43.776074] sd 4:0:0:0: [sde] Result: hostbyte=DID_OK driverbyte=DRIVER_SENSE [ 43.776082] sd 4:0:0:0: [sde] Sense Key : Aborted Command [current] [descriptor] [ 43.776092] Descriptor sense data with sense descriptors (in hex): [ 43.776097] 72 0b 00 00 00 00 00 0c 00 0a 80 00 00 00 00 00 [ 43.776112] 00 00 00 00 [ 43.776118] sd 4:0:0:0: [sde] Add. Sense: No additional sense information [ 43.776127] end_request: I/O error, dev sde, sector 0 [ 43.776136] Buffer I/O error on device sde, logical block 0 [ 43.776170] ata5: EH complete [ 43.776187] ata5.00: detaching (SCSI 4:0:0:0) root@core:~# cat /proc/interrupts CPU0 0: 47 IO-APIC-edge timer 1: 8 IO-APIC-edge i8042 6: 3 IO-APIC-edge floppy 7: 0 IO-APIC-edge parport0 8: 0 IO-APIC-edge rtc0 9: 0 IO-APIC-fasteoi acpi 14: 53069 IO-APIC-edge pata_sis 15: 53004 IO-APIC-edge pata_sis 17: 112265 IO-APIC-fasteoi sata_sil 18: 200002 IO-APIC-fasteoi sata_sil, SiS SI7012 19: 111140 IO-APIC-fasteoi eth0 20: 0 IO-APIC-fasteoi ohci_hcd:usb2 21: 0 IO-APIC-fasteoi ohci_hcd:usb3 23: 0 IO-APIC-fasteoi ehci_hcd:usb1 NMI: 0 Non-maskable interrupts LOC: 6650492 Local timer interrupts SPU: 0 Spurious interrupts CNT: 0 Performance counter interrupts PND: 0 Performance pending work RES: 0 Rescheduling interrupts CAL: 0 Function call interrupts TLB: 0 TLB shootdowns TRM: 0 Thermal event interrupts THR: 0 Threshold APIC interrupts MCE: 0 Machine check exceptions MCP: 160 Machine check polls ERR: 0 MIS: 0 root@core:~# lspci | grep Raid 00:09.0 RAID bus controller: Silicon Image, Inc. SiI 3114 [SATALink/SATARaid] Serial ATA Controller (rev 02) 00:0a.0 RAID bus controller: Silicon Image, Inc. SiI 3114 [SATALink/SATARaid] Serial ATA Controller (rev 02) root@core:~# lsb_release -a No LSB modules are available. Distributor ID: Ubuntu Description: Ubuntu 9.10 Release: 9.10 Codename: karmic root@core:~# uname -a Linux core.topper.me.uk 2.6.31-20-generic #58-Ubuntu SMP Fri Mar 12 05:23:09 UTC 2010 i686 GNU/Linux I've tried a combination of different kernel options (irqpoll, noapic, noacpi, pci=noapic) all to no avail. Does anyone have any bright ideas about how I can go about making this work? Swapping PCI cards around isn't an option as there are only two slots in this motherboard (an ASRock K7S41GX). The BIOS doesn't look to have too much in the way of configuration options regarding IRQ usage. Plan B is to ditch this server completely and buy a new QNAP for these drives to go in, but I was hoping to avoid doing this right now.

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• How to install python modules for specific python version

  - by Zayatzz

  I needed to install UCS2 python next to UCS4 python. So I went to comp.lang.python and asked them about it. Probably not the best place to ask it, but they answered https://groups.google.com/forum/?fromgroups#!topic/comp.lang.python/bGuAfqa76W8 and now i have brand new python 2.7.3 ucs2 installed in /opt/bin/python What I need now is - how can I install all other python modules that I have installed for that python version also. Basically stuff like PIL and postgresql and mod_wsgi - basically everything needed to run Django for that python version. Is this the right the place to ask for it?

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• How can I make Amazon SES the default method of sending mail from my server?

  - by Jake

  I'd like to start using Amazon SES for all emails from our server. We have a few freelance designers with PHP hosting, some Django/Python web apps and also some system utilities which send emails. So I'd like to have PHP's mail function, the command line mail command and our python apps all be able to use it, preferably without having to set them all up in their own way. I think what I need is to have something like Postfix running on localhost and using SES for it's delivery but I don't know how to do that. Amazon's docs state I need to setup my mail transfer agent (MTA) so that it invokes the ses-send-email.pl script. I have the script but I'm not sure how to achieve this. Am I on the right track? If so, how can I configure Postfix to use that script?

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• Xen kernel can't see 2 disks of 6 of 1TB, does it have a limitation?

  - by PartySoft

  Linux gentoo-xen 2.6.18-xen-r12 #3 SMP Tue Oct 5 09:28:53 PDT 2010 x86_64 Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU E5506 @ 2.13GHz GenuineIntel GNU/Linux I have 6 disks of 1 TB and i can't see all of them only 4, can anyone give me an ideea what can i do ? Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on rootfs 886G 4.4G 836G 1% / /dev/sda3 886G 4.4G 836G 1% / rc-svcdir 1.0M 44K 980K 5% /lib64/rc/init.d shm 7.9G 0 7.9G 0% /dev/shm /dev/sdb1 917G 200M 871G 1% /home2 /dev/sdc1 917G 200M 871G 1% /home3 /dev/sdd1 917G 200M 871G 1% /home4 The hardware is Dual xeon E5506 processors on a supermicro X8DTL mobo 4.346585] ata3.00: ATA-8, max UDMA/133, 1953525168 sectors: LBA48 NCQ (depth 0/32) [ 4.346588] ata3.00: ata3: dev 0 multi count 16 [ 4.352861] ata3.00: configured for UDMA/133 [ 4.352867] scsi3 : ata_piix [ 4.352875] PM: Adding info for No Bus:host3 [ 4.510584] ata4.00: ATA-8, max UDMA/133, 1953525168 sectors: LBA48 NCQ (depth 0/32) [ 4.510587] ata4.00: ata4: dev 0 multi count 16 [ 4.516848] ata4.00: configured for UDMA/133 [ 4.516861] PM: Adding info for No Bus:target2:0:0 [ 4.516905] Vendor: ATA Model: SAMSUNG HD103SJ Rev: 1AJ1 [ 4.516910] Type: Direct-Access ANSI SCSI revision: 05 [ 4.516920] PM: Adding info for scsi:2:0:0:0 [ 4.517452] SCSI device sde: 1953525168 512-byte hdwr sectors (1000205 MB) [ 4.517460] sde: Write Protect is off [ 4.517461] sde: Mode Sense: 00 3a 00 00 [ 4.517478] SCSI device sde: drive cache: write back [ 4.517514] SCSI device sde: 1953525168 512-byte hdwr sectors (1000205 MB) [ 4.517521] sde: Write Protect is off [ 4.517522] sde: Mode Sense: 00 3a 00 00 [ 4.517532] SCSI device sde: drive cache: write back [ 4.517534] sde: sde1 [ 4.524551] sd 2:0:0:0: Attached scsi disk sde [ 4.524855] sd 2:0:0:0: Attached scsi generic sg4 type 0 [ 4.524874] PM: Adding info for No Bus:target3:0:0 [ 4.524928] Vendor: ATA Model: SAMSUNG HD103SJ Rev: 1AJ1 [ 4.524933] Type: Direct-Access ANSI SCSI revision: 05 [ 4.524946] PM: Adding info for scsi:3:0:0:0 [ 4.525216] SCSI device sdf: 1953525168 512-byte hdwr sectors (1000205 MB) [ 4.525227] sdf: Write Protect is off [ 4.525228] sdf: Mode Sense: 00 3a 00 00 [ 4.525242] SCSI device sdf: drive cache: write back [ 4.525280] SCSI device sdf: 1953525168 512-byte hdwr sectors (1000205 MB) [ 4.525286] sdf: Write Protect is off [ 4.525289] sdf: Mode Sense: 00 3a 00 00 [ 4.525301] SCSI device sdf: drive cache: write back [ 4.525302] sdf: sdf1 [ 4.532691] sd 3:0:0:0: Attached scsi disk sdf [ 4.533010] sd 3:0:0:0: Attached scsi generic sg5 type 0 [ 4.977669] scsi: <fdomain> Detection failed (no card) [ 5.030479] GDT-HA: Storage RAID Controller Driver. Version: 3.05 [ 5.030635] GDT-HA: Found 0 PCI Storage RAID Controllers [ 5.372350] Fusion MPT base driver 3.04.01 [ 5.372358] Copyright (c) 1999-2005 LSI Logic Corporation [ 5.579176] Fusion MPT SPI Host driver 3.04.01 [ 5.881777] ieee1394: Initialized config rom entry `ip1394' [ 6.166745] ieee1394: sbp2: Driver forced to serialize I/O (serialize_io=1) [ 6.166748] ieee1394: sbp2: Try serialize_io=0 for better performance [ 6.428866] md: md driver 0.90.3 MAX_MD_DEVS=256, MD_SB_DISKS=27 [ 6.428872] md: bitmap version 4.39 [ 6.431518] md: raid0 personality registered for level 0 [ 6.495979] md: raid1 personality registered for level 1 [ 6.570270] raid5: automatically using best checksumming function: generic_sse [ 6.575523] generic_sse: 6608.000 MB/sec [ 6.575526] raid5: using function: generic_sse (6608.000 MB/sec) [ 6.596226] raid6: int64x1 1835 MB/s [ 6.613231] raid6: int64x2 1773 MB/s [ 6.630256] raid6: int64x4 1675 MB/s [ 6.647296] raid6: int64x8 1027 MB/s [ 6.664267] raid6: sse2x1 3578 MB/s [ 6.681268] raid6: sse2x2 4207 MB/s [ 6.698280] raid6: sse2x4 4625 MB/s [ 6.698281] raid6: using algorithm sse2x4 (4625 MB/s) [ 6.698285] md: raid6 personality registered for level 6 [ 6.698286] md: raid5 personality registered for level 5 [ 6.698288] md: raid4 personality registered for level 4 [ 6.781090] md: raid10 personality registered for level 10 [ 7.007043] Intel(R) PRO/1000 Network Driver - version 7.1.9-k4 [ 7.007046] Copyright (c) 1999-2006 Intel Corporation. [ 9.229465] kjournald starting. Commit interval 5 seconds [ 9.229476] EXT3-fs: mounted filesystem with ordered data mode.

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• osx 10.6.3 how does apache config work?

  - by w-

  hi, just got a macbook pro 15" so i'm unfamiliar with how the filesystem is laid out. i noticed when in my filesystem that i've got a few paths specifying httpd.conf /etc/apache2/httpd.conf /opt/local/apache2/conf/httpd.conf /private/etc/apache2/httpd.conf the confs are different in lots of ways-- e.g. user, group, server_root, modules that are loaded, etc. the apache2 folders themselves also greatly differ. it seems that the one getting used is either /etc/apache2/httpd.conf or /private/etc/apache2/httpd.conf i'm wondering if i might have messed up my system after installing some packages (php5, django, etc) via macports and maybe ended up with 2 apache2 instances. my questions are hence: - which httpd.conf is the one being used ? - what are the other files for? thanks

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• Limit which processes a user can restart with supervisor?

  - by dvcolgan

  I have used supervisor to manage a Gunicorn process running a Django site, though this question could pertain to anything being managed by supervisor. Previously I was the only person managing and using our server, and supervisor just ran as root and I would use sudo to run supervisorctl restart myapp when needed. Now our server has to support multiple users working on different sites, and each project needs to be able to restart their own gunicorn processes without being able to restart other users' processes. I followed this blog post: http://drumcoder.co.uk/blog/2010/nov/24/running-supervisorctl-non-root/ and was able to allow non-root users to use supervisorctl, but now anyone can restart anyone else's processes. From the looks of it, supervisor doesn't have a way of doing per-user access control. Anyone have any ideas on how to allow users to restart only their own processes without root?

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• Improving TCP performance over a gigabit network with lots of connections and high traffic of small packets

  - by MinimeDJ

  I’m trying to improve my TCP throughput over a “gigabit network with lots of connections and high traffic of small packets”. My server OS is Ubuntu 11.10 Server 64bit. There are about 50.000 (and growing) clients connected to my server through TCP Sockets (all on the same port). 95% of of my packets have size of 1-150 bytes (TCP header and payload). The rest 5% vary from 150 up to 4096+ bytes. With the config below my server can handle traffic up to 30 Mbps (full duplex). Can you please advice best practice to tune OS for my needs? My /etc/sysctl.cong looks like this: kernel.pid_max = 1000000 net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 2500 65000 fs.file-max = 1000000 # net.core.netdev_max_backlog=3000 net.ipv4.tcp_sack=0 # net.core.rmem_max = 16777216 net.core.wmem_max = 16777216 net.core.somaxconn = 2048 # net.ipv4.tcp_rmem = 4096 87380 16777216 net.ipv4.tcp_wmem = 4096 65536 16777216 # net.ipv4.tcp_synack_retries = 2 net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = 1 net.ipv4.tcp_mem = 50576 64768 98152 # net.core.wmem_default = 65536 net.core.rmem_default = 65536 net.ipv4.tcp_window_scaling=1 # net.ipv4.tcp_mem= 98304 131072 196608 # net.ipv4.tcp_timestamps = 0 net.ipv4.tcp_rfc1337 = 1 net.ipv4.ip_forward = 0 net.ipv4.tcp_congestion_control=cubic net.ipv4.tcp_tw_recycle = 0 net.ipv4.tcp_tw_reuse = 0 # net.ipv4.tcp_orphan_retries = 1 net.ipv4.tcp_fin_timeout = 25 net.ipv4.tcp_max_orphans = 8192 Here are my limits: $ ulimit -a core file size (blocks, -c) 0 data seg size (kbytes, -d) unlimited scheduling priority (-e) 0 file size (blocks, -f) unlimited pending signals (-i) 193045 max locked memory (kbytes, -l) 64 max memory size (kbytes, -m) unlimited open files (-n) 1000000 pipe size (512 bytes, -p) 8 POSIX message queues (bytes, -q) 819200 real-time priority (-r) 0 stack size (kbytes, -s) 8192 cpu time (seconds, -t) unlimited max user processes (-u) 1000000 [ADDED] My NICs are the following: $ dmesg | grep Broad [ 2.473081] Broadcom NetXtreme II 5771x 10Gigabit Ethernet Driver bnx2x 1.62.12-0 (2011/03/20) [ 2.477808] bnx2x 0000:02:00.0: eth0: Broadcom NetXtreme II BCM57711E XGb (A0) PCI-E x4 5GHz (Gen2) found at mem fb000000, IRQ 28, node addr d8:d3:85:bd:23:08 [ 2.482556] bnx2x 0000:02:00.1: eth1: Broadcom NetXtreme II BCM57711E XGb (A0) PCI-E x4 5GHz (Gen2) found at mem fa000000, IRQ 40, node addr d8:d3:85:bd:23:0c [ADDED 2] ethtool -k eth0 Offload parameters for eth0: rx-checksumming: on tx-checksumming: on scatter-gather: on tcp-segmentation-offload: on udp-fragmentation-offload: off generic-segmentation-offload: on generic-receive-offload: on large-receive-offload: on rx-vlan-offload: on tx-vlan-offload: on ntuple-filters: off receive-hashing: off [ADDED 3] sudo ethtool -S eth0|grep -vw 0 NIC statistics: [1]: rx_bytes: 17521104292 [1]: rx_ucast_packets: 118326392 [1]: tx_bytes: 35351475694 [1]: tx_ucast_packets: 191723897 [2]: rx_bytes: 16569945203 [2]: rx_ucast_packets: 114055437 [2]: tx_bytes: 36748975961 [2]: tx_ucast_packets: 194800859 [3]: rx_bytes: 16222309010 [3]: rx_ucast_packets: 109397802 [3]: tx_bytes: 36034786682 [3]: tx_ucast_packets: 198238209 [4]: rx_bytes: 14884911384 [4]: rx_ucast_packets: 104081414 [4]: rx_discards: 5828 [4]: rx_csum_offload_errors: 1 [4]: tx_bytes: 35663361789 [4]: tx_ucast_packets: 194024824 [5]: rx_bytes: 16465075461 [5]: rx_ucast_packets: 110637200 [5]: tx_bytes: 43720432434 [5]: tx_ucast_packets: 202041894 [6]: rx_bytes: 16788706505 [6]: rx_ucast_packets: 113123182 [6]: tx_bytes: 38443961940 [6]: tx_ucast_packets: 202415075 [7]: rx_bytes: 16287423304 [7]: rx_ucast_packets: 110369475 [7]: rx_csum_offload_errors: 1 [7]: tx_bytes: 35104168638 [7]: tx_ucast_packets: 184905201 [8]: rx_bytes: 12689721791 [8]: rx_ucast_packets: 87616037 [8]: rx_discards: 2638 [8]: tx_bytes: 36133395431 [8]: tx_ucast_packets: 196547264 [9]: rx_bytes: 15007548011 [9]: rx_ucast_packets: 98183525 [9]: rx_csum_offload_errors: 1 [9]: tx_bytes: 34871314517 [9]: tx_ucast_packets: 188532637 [9]: tx_mcast_packets: 12 [10]: rx_bytes: 12112044826 [10]: rx_ucast_packets: 84335465 [10]: rx_discards: 2494 [10]: tx_bytes: 36562151913 [10]: tx_ucast_packets: 195658548 [11]: rx_bytes: 12873153712 [11]: rx_ucast_packets: 89305791 [11]: rx_discards: 2990 [11]: tx_bytes: 36348541675 [11]: tx_ucast_packets: 194155226 [12]: rx_bytes: 12768100958 [12]: rx_ucast_packets: 89350917 [12]: rx_discards: 2667 [12]: tx_bytes: 35730240389 [12]: tx_ucast_packets: 192254480 [13]: rx_bytes: 14533227468 [13]: rx_ucast_packets: 98139795 [13]: tx_bytes: 35954232494 [13]: tx_ucast_packets: 194573612 [13]: tx_bcast_packets: 2 [14]: rx_bytes: 13258647069 [14]: rx_ucast_packets: 92856762 [14]: rx_discards: 3509 [14]: rx_csum_offload_errors: 1 [14]: tx_bytes: 35663586641 [14]: tx_ucast_packets: 189661305 rx_bytes: 226125043936 rx_ucast_packets: 1536428109 rx_bcast_packets: 351 rx_discards: 20126 rx_filtered_packets: 8694 rx_csum_offload_errors: 11 tx_bytes: 548442367057 tx_ucast_packets: 2915571846 tx_mcast_packets: 12 tx_bcast_packets: 2 tx_64_byte_packets: 35417154 tx_65_to_127_byte_packets: 2006984660 tx_128_to_255_byte_packets: 373733514 tx_256_to_511_byte_packets: 378121090 tx_512_to_1023_byte_packets: 77643490 tx_1024_to_1522_byte_packets: 43669214 tx_pause_frames: 228 Some info about SACK: When to turn TCP SACK off?

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• How do I get started with Chef?

  - by Brad Wright

  The chef documentation is pretty bad. And Google isn't helping me. Can anyone point me at a decent article or something that would help me get started? My specific issues are: How do I get a client to read my configuration? chef-solo seems like the best start (I don't want to run an OpenID server or Merb) How do I configure Apache to serve Django? I already know how to do this via regular server configuration, but I figure an example Chef recipe would be a good start;

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• I'd like to rebuild my web server without web management software; what knowledge, skills, and tools will I require? [closed]

  - by Joe Zeng

  I've been using Webmin for my web server that runs my personal website and a host of other websites for a while now, and I feel like I should be able to manage my web server more directly, because I haven't even touched the Webmin for the past year or so and I feel like maybe it has too much functionality that I have to click through the next time I want to access it or create a new subdomain or database on my site. I want to try something lighter and more wholly manageable, now that I'm more comfortable with using ssh and command-line tools. I've decided that I'm going to try using Django as a framework, but obviously that's only part of the picture. What sort of knowledge will I require?

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• Screen startup apps

  - by stillinbeta

  I know that most people don't bother with things like screen anymore, but I happen to really like it, even in this GUI day and age. I still do most of my development from a BASH prompt, so it's extremely useful to me. What I'm wondering is what the easiest way is to start an instance of screen (stored in a shell script or .screenrc or somewhere else) so that it starts up with set commands already running in set windows. For example, I use a django test server, so I'd like one window to come up running "python manage.py runserver" and another blank, waiting for commands. The man page is wholly indecipherable. These old unix utilities can do quite nearly everything, so I'm sure this is possible, but I can't for the life of me figure out how. I

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• Apache whitelist a single location, but require basic auth for everything else

  - by Chris Lawlor

  I'm sure this is simple, but Google is not my friend this morning. The goal is: /public... is openly accessible everything else (including /) requires basic auth. This is a WSGI app, with a single WSGI script (it's a django site, if that matters..) I have this: <Location /public> Order deny,allow Allow from all </Location> <Directory /> AuthType Basic AuthName "My Test Server" AuthUserFile /path/to/.htpasswd Require valid-user </Directory> With this configuration, basic auth works fine, but the Location directive is totally ignored. I'm not surprised, as according to this (see How the Sections are Merged), the Directory directive is processed first. I'm sure I'm missing something, but since Directory applies to a filesystem location, and I really only have the one Directory at /, and it's a Location that I wish to allow access to, but Directory always overrides Location... EDIT I'm using Apache 2.2, which doesn't support AuthType None.

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• Windows 7 / Ubuntu Dualboot GRUB Problem.

  - by Tek

  I'd like to first say ahead of time that I'm running a RAID-0 Setup. 1.First of all, I'm glad Ubuntu 9.10 installed flawlessly and detected my RAID-0 setup just fine. The issue I'm having now is that I already had Windows 7 installed and made a small 12GB partition for Linux/Swap. I grabbed EasyBCD 2.0 to edit the W7 bootloader and configured it to use dual boot Grub2 because before it didn't even show the option for Ubuntu. The bootloader points to a file made in the windows directory made by EasyBCD called "C:\NST\AutoNeoGrub0.mbr" which is what I'm guessing grub is booting from. After that I got the option for booting Ubuntu. The problem is that it's sending me to the Grub prompt (probably because it's pointing to \NST|AutoNeoGrub0.mbr?), at first I didn't know what to do but I researched and have to type grub commands to manually boot into Ubuntu Linux. Ex: grubroot (hd0,4) grubkernel /boot/vmlinuz-2.6... root=/dev/disk/by-uuid/24624-2424... grubinitrd boot/initrd.img-2.6... grubboot After all that Ubuntu boots just fine, but how do I fix it permanently? Do I need to edit the bootloader manually (since Easy BCD "autoconfigures")? Some insight on this would rock! Also, it sucks to type the actual uuid since it's REALLY long. I tried getting the name of the drive via fdisk -l but since it's raid 0 I'm guessing I can't do that. How can I get a shorter name of the drive? like /dev/sda, /dev/sdb etc? I've also tried to update to the latest GRUB and I got this: Creating config file /etc/default/grub with new version Generating core.img error: cannot seek /dev/sdc' error: cannot seek/dev/sdc' grub-probe: error: no mapping exists for nvidia_dbedfcca5' Auto-detection of a filesystem module failed. Please specify the module with the option--modules' explicitly. dpkg: error processing grub-pc (--configure): subprocess installed post-installation script returned error exit status 1 dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of grub2: grub2 depends on grub-pc; however: Package grub-pc is not configured yet. dpkg: error processing grub2 (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured No apport report written because the error message indicates its a followup error from a previous failure. E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1) I've also tried: b@dnb:~$ sudo update-grub error: cannot seek /dev/sdc' error: cannot seek/dev/sdc' Generating grub.cfg ... Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.31-14-generic Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-2.6.31-14-generic error: cannot seek /dev/sdc' grub-probe: error: no mapping exists fornvidia_dbedfcca5' error: cannot seek /dev/sdc' grub-probe: error: no mapping exists fornvidia_dbedfcca5' Found memtest86+ image: /boot/memtest86+.bin Found Windows 7 (loader) on /dev/mapper/nvidia_dbedfcca1 error: cannot seek /dev/sdc' grub-probe: error: no mapping exists fornvidia_dbedfcca1' done To no avail. Any idea what I can do to fix this mess? :( Edit: This is my disk configuration. b@dnb:~$ sudo df -l Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on /dev/mapper/nvidia_dbedfcca5 12302232 2744788 8932520 24% / udev 1030288 268 1030020 1% /dev none 1030288 964 1029324 1% /dev/shm none 1030288 92 1030196 1% /var/run none 1030288 0 1030288 0% /var/lock none 1030288 0 1030288 0% /lib/init/rw /dev/sr0 706532 706532 0 100% /media/cdrom0 Note: /dev/mapper/nvidia_dbedfcca5 is my Linux boot partition

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• Dual head setup for Ubuntu 10.04.1 and Windows XP Pro with same hardware configuration

  - by mejpark

  I have a Dell OptiPlex 360 workstation at work, with 2 x ATI RV280 [Radeon 9200 PRO] graphics cards installed, which are attached to two identical 19" HII flat panel monitors. I'm using the open source Radeon driver with Ubuntu, and the proprietary drivers with Windows. The good news is that dual head configuration works for both OSes. The bad news is, I have to use a different hardware configuration for each OS to achieve this. Hardware config #1: Dual monitors work for Windows XP Pro like this: First display -> external VGA port Second display -> DVI input on gfx card Hardware config #2: Dual monitors work for Ubuntu 10.04.1 like this: First display -> VGA port on gfx card Second display -> DVI input on gfx card I connected up the displays according to Config #2 and booted up Windows, which resulted in a mirror image on both screens. I was unable to login, as the login box was not visible. I unplugged the VGA lead from gfx card and plugged it into the external VGA port (Config #1) - Windows dual head works again, but the VGA-connected screen is not recognised by Ubuntu and remains in standby mode. Is it possible to configure a dual head setup for Ubuntu using Config #1, or am I missing something? I tried setting up dual monitors using Config #1, this morning which didn't work. By default, there is no xorg.conf file in Ubuntu 10.04.1, so I generated one using: $ sudo X :2 -configure X.Org X Server 1.7.6 Release Date: 2010-03-17 X Protocol Version 11, Revision 0 Build Operating System: Linux 2.6.24-27-server i686 Ubuntu Current Operating System: Linux harrier 2.6.32-24-generic #42-Ubuntu SMP Fri Aug 20 14:24:04 UTC 2010 i686 Kernel command line: BOOT_IMAGE=/boot/vmlinuz-2.6.32-24-generic root=UUID=a34c1931-98d4-4a34-880c-c227a2936c4a ro quiet splash Build Date: 21 July 2010 12:47:34PM xorg-server 2:1.7.6-2ubuntu7.3 (For technical support please see http://www.ubuntu.com/support) Current version of pixman: 0.16.4 Before reporting problems, check http://wiki.x.org to make sure that you have the latest version. Markers: (--) probed, (**) from config file, (==) default setting, (++) from command line, (!!) notice, (II) informational, (WW) warning, (EE) error, (NI) not implemented, (??) unknown. (==) Log file: "/var/log/Xorg.2.log", Time: Mon Sep 13 10:02:02 2010 List of video drivers: apm ark intel mach64 s3virge trident mga tseng ati nouveau neomagic i740 openchrome voodoo s3 i128 radeon siliconmotion nv ztv vmware v4l chips rendition savage sisusb tdfx geode sis r128 cirrus fbdev vesa (++) Using config file: "/home/michael/xorg.conf.new" (==) Using config directory: "/usr/lib/X11/xorg.conf.d" (II) [KMS] No DRICreatePCIBusID symbol, no kernel modesetting. Xorg detected your mouse at device /dev/input/mice. Please check your config if the mouse is still not operational, as by default Xorg tries to autodetect the protocol. Xorg has configured a multihead system, please check your config. Your xorg.conf file is /home/michael/xorg.conf.new To test the server, run 'X -config /home/michael/xorg.conf.new' ddxSigGiveUp: Closing log $ sudo X -config /home/michael/xorg.conf.new Fatal server error: Server is already active for display 0 If this server is no longer running, remove /tmp/.X0-lock and start again. Please consult the The X.Org Foundation support at http://wiki.x.org for help. ddxSigGiveUp: Closing log I then booted Ubuntu in failsafe mode, dropped into root shell, and executed $ X -config /home/michael/xorg.conf.new again. The screen went blank and turned off, so

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• XFS disk becomes unavailable after a while

  - by Guard

  Ubuntu 12.04 (but the same was on 11.10 before upgrading) WD MyBook, 2TB, no RAID (or RAID0, not completely sure, anyway no mirroring, both 1TB disks are in use, mounted as a single device). Formatted to XFS, normally used for big movie files. Connected to Firewire 800. At some point the LED started going up and down as when constantly reading/writing. The device gives access error. When unplugged (cable, then holding the power button for a while, then unplugging the power) and re-connected becomes available. xfs_check with no results. xfs_repair did something, but looks like didn't fix any error. Then after a massive read (checking 1.5GB torrent file for integrity) becomes unavailable again. Any ideas what's wrong? Drives? Cables? Motherboard? OS? UPD: not sure how relevant this is, but here are dmesg output [14380.632816] SGI XFS with ACLs, security attributes, realtime, large block/inode numbers, no debug enabled [14380.633356] SGI XFS Quota Management subsystem [14421.812220] firewire_core: phy config: card 0, new root=ffc1, gap_count=5 [14441.890596] firewire_core: phy config: card 0, new root=ffc1, gap_count=5 [14441.896858] firewire_core: phy config: card 0, new root=ffc1, gap_count=5 [14453.895347] firewire_core: created device fw1: GUID 0090a99500a35518, S400, 9 config ROM retries [14453.904818] scsi6 : SBP-2 IEEE-1394 [14453.905014] scsi7 : SBP-2 IEEE-1394 [14454.139993] firewire_sbp2: fw1.0: logged in to LUN 0000 (0 retries) [14454.158769] scsi 6:0:0:0: Direct-Access WD My Book 1015 PQ: 0 ANSI: 4 [14454.159251] sd 6:0:0:0: Attached scsi generic sg3 type 0 [14454.162391] firewire_sbp2: fw1.1: logged in to LUN 0001 (0 retries) [14454.167453] sd 6:0:0:0: [sdc] 3907017568 512-byte logical blocks: (2.00 TB/1.81 TiB) [14454.178822] sd 6:0:0:0: [sdc] Write Protect is off [14454.178826] sd 6:0:0:0: [sdc] Mode Sense: 10 00 00 00 [14454.186830] scsi 7:0:0:1: Enclosure WD My Book Device 1015 PQ: 0 ANSI: 4 [14454.186995] scsi 7:0:0:1: Attached scsi generic sg4 type 13 [14454.190078] sd 6:0:0:0: [sdc] Cache data unavailable [14454.190087] sd 6:0:0:0: [sdc] Assuming drive cache: write through [14454.202176] sd 6:0:0:0: [sdc] Cache data unavailable [14454.202185] sd 6:0:0:0: [sdc] Assuming drive cache: write through [14454.239940] sdc: [mac] sdc1 sdc2 sdc3 sdc4 [14454.271262] sd 6:0:0:0: [sdc] Cache data unavailable [14454.271270] sd 6:0:0:0: [sdc] Assuming drive cache: write through [14454.271354] sd 6:0:0:0: [sdc] Attached SCSI disk [14454.272149] ses 7:0:0:1: Attached Enclosure device [14606.090024] XFS (sdc3): Mounting Filesystem [14612.048343] XFS (sdc3): Starting recovery (logdev: internal) [14620.697636] XFS (sdc3): Ending recovery (logdev: internal) [14748.120957] e1000e: eth0 NIC Link is Up 100 Mbps Full Duplex, Flow Control: Rx/Tx [14748.120963] e1000e 0000:00:19.0: eth0: 10/100 speed: disabling TSO [14752.568382] uhci_hcd 0000:00:1a.0: PCI INT A disabled [14752.568579] uhci_hcd 0000:00:1a.1: PCI INT B disabled [14752.568738] ehci_hcd 0000:00:1a.7: PCI INT C disabled [14752.568779] ehci_hcd 0000:00:1a.7: PME# enabled [14752.584526] uhci_hcd 0000:00:1d.1: PCI INT B disabled [14752.584689] uhci_hcd 0000:00:1d.2: PCI INT C disabled [14752.680079] ehci_hcd 0000:00:1a.7: BAR 0: set to [mem 0xe4641000-0xe46413ff] (PCI address [0xe4641000-0xe46413ff]) [14752.680104] ehci_hcd 0000:00:1a.7: restoring config space at offset 0xf (was 0x300, writing 0x30b) [14752.680136] ehci_hcd 0000:00:1a.7: restoring config space at offset 0x1 (was 0x2900000, writing 0x2900002) [14752.680170] ehci_hcd 0000:00:1a.7: PME# disabled [14752.680182] ehci_hcd 0000:00:1a.7: PCI INT C -> GSI 18 (level, low) -> IRQ 18 [14752.680190] ehci_hcd 0000:00:1a.7: setting latency timer to 64 [14752.710334] uhci_hcd 0000:00:1a.0: PCI INT A -> GSI 16 (level, low) -> IRQ 16 [14752.710342] uhci_hcd 0000:00:1a.0: setting latency timer to 64 [14752.749186] uhci_hcd 0000:00:1a.1: PCI INT B -> GSI 17 (level, low) -> IRQ 17 [14752.749194] uhci_hcd 0000:00:1a.1: setting latency timer to 64 [14752.790231] uhci_hcd 0000:00:1d.1: PCI INT B -> GSI 22 (level, low) -> IRQ 22 [14752.790239] uhci_hcd 0000:00:1d.1: setting latency timer to 64 [14752.829170] uhci_hcd 0000:00:1d.2: PCI INT C -> GSI 18 (level, low) -> IRQ 18 [14752.829178] uhci_hcd 0000:00:1d.2: setting latency timer to 64

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• wsgi - narrow user permissions.

  - by Tomasz Wysocki

  I have following Apache configuration and my application is working fine: <VirtualHost *:80> ServerName ig-test.example.com WSGIScriptAlias / /home/ig-test/src/repository/django.wsgi WSGIDaemonProcess ig-test user=ig-test </VirtualHost> But I want to protect my files from other users, so I do: chown ig-test /home/ig-test/ -R chmod og-rwx /home/ig-test/ -R And application stops working: (13)Permission denied: /home/ig-test/.htaccess pcfg_openfile: unable to check htaccess file, ensure it is readable Is it possible to achieve what i'm doing with wsgi? If I have to give read permissions to some files it will be fine. But there are files I have to protect (like file with DB configuration or business logic of application).

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• Setting up VPN client: L2TP with IPsec

  - by zachar

  I've got to connect to vpn server. It works on Windows, but in Ubuntu 10.04 not. Number of options is confusing for me. There is the input that I have: IP Address of VPN Pre-shared key to authenticate Information that MS-CHAPv2 is used Login and Password to VPN I was trying to achive that with network manager and with L2TP IPsec VPN Manager 1.0.9 but at failed. There is some logged information from L2TP IPsec VPN Manager 1.0.9: Nov 09 15:21:46.854 ipsec_setup: Stopping Openswan IPsec... Nov 09 15:21:48.088 Stopping xl2tpd: xl2tpd. Nov 09 15:21:48.132 ipsec_setup: Starting Openswan IPsec U2.6.23/K2.6.32-49-generic... Nov 09 15:21:48.308 ipsec__plutorun: Starting Pluto subsystem... Nov 09 15:21:48.318 ipsec__plutorun: adjusting ipsec.d to /etc/ipsec.d Nov 09 15:21:48.338 ipsec__plutorun: 002 added connection description "my_vpn_name" Nov 09 15:21:48.348 ipsec__plutorun: 003 NAT-Traversal: Trying new style NAT-T Nov 09 15:21:48.348 ipsec__plutorun: 003 NAT-Traversal: ESPINUDP(1) setup failed for new style NAT-T family IPv4 (errno=19) Nov 09 15:21:48.349 ipsec__plutorun: 003 NAT-Traversal: Trying old style NAT-T Nov 09 15:21:48.994 104 "my_vpn_name" #1: STATE_MAIN_I1: initiate Nov 09 15:21:48.994 003 "my_vpn_name" #1: received Vendor ID payload [RFC 3947] method set to=109 Nov 09 15:21:48.994 003 "my_vpn_name" #1: received Vendor ID payload [Dead Peer Detection] Nov 09 15:21:48.994 106 "my_vpn_name" #1: STATE_MAIN_I2: sent MI2, expecting MR2 Nov 09 15:21:48.994 003 "my_vpn_name" #1: NAT-Traversal: Result using RFC 3947 (NAT-Traversal): i am NATed Nov 09 15:21:48.994 108 "my_vpn_name" #1: STATE_MAIN_I3: sent MI3, expecting MR3 Nov 09 15:21:48.994 004 "my_vpn_name" #1: STATE_MAIN_I4: ISAKMP SA established {auth=OAKLEY_PRESHARED_KEY cipher=oakley_3des_cbc_192 prf=oakley_sha group=modp1024} Nov 09 15:21:48.995 117 "my_vpn_name" #2: STATE_QUICK_I1: initiate Nov 09 15:21:48.995 004 "my_vpn_name" #2: STATE_QUICK_I2: sent QI2, IPsec SA established transport mode {ESP=>0x0c96795d <0x483e1a42 xfrm=AES_128-HMAC_SHA1 NATOA=none NATD=none DPD=none} Nov 09 15:21:49.996 [ERROR 210] Failed to open l2tp control file 'c my_vpn_name' and from syslog: Nov 9 15:21:46 o99 L2tpIPsecVpnControlDaemon: Opening client connection Nov 9 15:21:46 o99 L2tpIPsecVpnControlDaemon: Executing command ipsec setup stop Nov 9 15:21:46 o99 ipsec_setup: Stopping Openswan IPsec... Nov 9 15:21:48 o99 kernel: [ 4350.245171] NET: Unregistered protocol family 15 Nov 9 15:21:48 o99 ipsec_setup: ...Openswan IPsec stopped Nov 9 15:21:48 o99 L2tpIPsecVpnControlDaemon: Command ipsec setup stop finished with exit code 0 Nov 9 15:21:48 o99 L2tpIPsecVpnControlDaemon: Executing command invoke-rc.d xl2tpd stop Nov 9 15:21:48 o99 L2tpIPsecVpnControlDaemon: Command invoke-rc.d xl2tpd stop finished with exit code 0 Nov 9 15:21:48 o99 L2tpIPsecVpnControlDaemon: Opening client connection Nov 9 15:21:48 o99 L2tpIPsecVpnControlDaemon: Closing client connection Nov 9 15:21:48 o99 L2tpIPsecVpnControlDaemon: Executing command ipsec setup start Nov 9 15:21:48 o99 kernel: [ 4350.312483] NET: Registered protocol family 15 Nov 9 15:21:48 o99 ipsec_setup: Starting Openswan IPsec U2.6.23/K2.6.32-49-generic... Nov 9 15:21:48 o99 ipsec_setup: Using NETKEY(XFRM) stack Nov 9 15:21:48 o99 kernel: [ 4350.410774] Initializing XFRM netlink socket Nov 9 15:21:48 o99 kernel: [ 4350.413601] padlock: VIA PadLock not detected. Nov 9 15:21:48 o99 kernel: [ 4350.427311] padlock: VIA PadLock Hash Engine not detected. Nov 9 15:21:48 o99 kernel: [ 4350.441533] padlock: VIA PadLock not detected. Nov 9 15:21:48 o99 ipsec_setup: ...Openswan IPsec started Nov 9 15:21:48 o99 L2tpIPsecVpnControlDaemon: Command ipsec setup start finished with exit code 0 Nov 9 15:21:48 o99 L2tpIPsecVpnControlDaemon: Executing command invoke-rc.d xl2tpd start Nov 9 15:21:48 o99 ipsec__plutorun: adjusting ipsec.d to /etc/ipsec.d Nov 9 15:21:48 o99 pluto: adjusting ipsec.d to /etc/ipsec.d Nov 9 15:21:48 o99 L2tpIPsecVpnControlDaemon: Command invoke-rc.d xl2tpd start finished with exit code 0 Nov 9 15:21:48 o99 ipsec__plutorun: 002 added connection description "my_vpn_name" Nov 9 15:21:48 o99 L2tpIPsecVpnControlDaemon: Executing command ipsec auto --ready Nov 9 15:21:48 o99 ipsec__plutorun: 003 NAT-Traversal: Trying new style NAT-T Nov 9 15:21:48 o99 ipsec__plutorun: 003 NAT-Traversal: ESPINUDP(1) setup failed for new style NAT-T family IPv4 (errno=19) Nov 9 15:21:48 o99 ipsec__plutorun: 003 NAT-Traversal: Trying old style NAT-T Nov 9 15:21:48 o99 L2tpIPsecVpnControlDaemon: Command ipsec auto --ready finished with exit code 0 Nov 9 15:21:48 o99 L2tpIPsecVpnControlDaemon: Executing command ipsec auto --up my_vpn_name Nov 9 15:21:48 o99 L2tpIPsecVpnControlDaemon: Command ipsec auto --up my_vpn_name finished with exit code 0 Nov 9 15:21:49 o99 L2tpIPsecVpnControlDaemon: Closing client connection Can anyone tell me something more about that? Where is the mistake?

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• Apache+FastCGI Timeout Problem

  - by Sadjad Fouladi

  Hi all. I've recently installed mod_fastcgi and Apache 2.2. I've a simple cgi script as below (test.fcgi): #!/bin/sh echo sadjad But when I invoke "mysite.com/test.fcgi" I see "Internal Server Error" message after a short period of time. The error.log file shows this error message: [Tue Jan 31 22:23:57 2006] [warn] FastCGI: (dynamic) server "~/public_html/oaduluth/dispatch.fcgi" has failed to remain running for 30 seconds given 3 attempts, its restart interval has been backed off to 600 seconds This is my .htaccess file: AddHandler fastcgi-script .fcgi RewriteEngine On RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f RewriteRule ^(.*)$ django.fcgi/$1 [QSA,L] I'm very confused, please help me! [Sorry for my poor English!]

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• Installing httpssl module on a running NGINX server

  - by Rob

  Hi, New to NGINX, we inherited a project that runs Django/FCGI/NGINX on a hosted RHEL box. A requirement has come in that the site now needs to have ssl enabled. Client was pretty sure the person who had built the site had made it so they could use ssl. I backed up the conf file, added the server block for the ssl instance and tried to reload. Reload failed because it didn't recognize the ssl in this line: ssl on; Not an NGINX expert, but the David Caruso in me tells me that the server (sunglasses on) is not secure. I know that you need to configure NGINX at install with this module. If this didn't happen, how hard/risky is it to reconfigure a running nginx box with this module given that we didn't configure it in the first place.

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• First time setting up a MySQL database.

  - by Wilduck

  In trying to learn how to work with the LAMP stack, I've hit a wall with MySQL. I can't seem to find a good reference for the first time setup of MySQL to be used with Apache and python. So, my question is four-fold: 1) Under what circumstances should I create my first database. That is, what user do I use (Apache's http user? root?) 2)How do permissions work? 3) Do I have to do anything on the MySQL side to make MySQL talk to Apache, or MySQL to talk to Python/Django? 4) Is there a good resource online that describes setting all of this up? I've found a bunch for using a database once it's in place, but none for the initial setup? Notes: I'm trying to run my LAMP stack on a dedicated little box for testing/learning purposes only, so I don't have access to any DBA that could help me, as much as I'd like one.

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• phpbb behind a reverse proxy

  - by asciitaxi

  Hi, i've got a django app running on apache behind an nginx reverse proxy. Nginx takes requests on port 80 and forwards them to apache on 127.0.0.1:81. This works fine. Now I want to run phpbb on apache under /forums. My problem is that when phpbb does a redirect, it seems to redirect to the internal apache port, rather than port 80. So, for instance when I first go to http://my-dev-server/forums to configure php bb, it immediately redirects to http://127.0.0.1:81/forums/install/index.php. Is there something I need to do in nginx/apache/phpbb config to get it to redirect to the external port? Thanks very much!

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• Server memory issues, and expected level of service from hosting company

  - by Greg

  I'm involved in maintaining an Ubuntu VPS which runs our django websites (nginx/apache/mod_wsgi) and we've been having some memory spikes which have either caused the database to die, or induced kernel panic when the memory management system can't find any killable processes. I'm working on fixing the memory spikes, but I'm wondering whether there's anything I can do to better deal with the problem if it occurs again. Are there any tools I could use to detect the memory spikes and then, say, kill the offending process and email the server admin to fix it up? Killing off one website so that the server can remain operational is certainly preferable to the whole thing falling over. Also, we were charged $600 for after-hours service because we had to get the hosting company to restart the server - is this standard practice among hosting companies? Another provider I work with provides a panel with which I can stop and start the server myself, and given that a restart was all that was needed, $600 seems mightily excessive. (That's NZD, it's around $445 USD)

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• Why are USB 2.0 devices crashing my system?

  - by BenAlabaster

  Background on the machine I'm having a problem with: The machine was inherited and appears to be circa 2003 (there's a date stamp on the power supply which leads me to this conclusion). I've got it set up as a Skype terminal for my 2 year old to keep in touch with her grandparents and other members of the family - which everyone loves. It has a generic baby-ATX motherboard with no identifying markings. CPU-Z identifies the motherboard model as VT8601 but doesn't provide me with any manufacturer name. There's one stamp on the motherboard that says "Rev.B". On board it has 10/100 LAN, 2 x USB 1.0, VGA, PS/2 for KB and mouse, parallel port, 2 x serial ports, 2 x IDE, 1 x floppy, 2 x SDRAM slots, 1 x CPU housing that is seating a 1.3GHz Intel Celeron CPU, 3 x PCI, 1 x AGP - although you can only use 2 of the PCI slots if you use the AGP slot due to the physical layout of the board. It's got 768Mb PC133 SDRAM - 1 x 512Mb & 1 x 256Mb installed as well as a D-LINK WDA-2320 54G Wi-Fi network card and a generic USB 2.0 expansion board containing 3 x external + 1 x internal USB connectors. All this is sitting in a slimline case. I don't know the wattage of the PSU, but can post this later if this proves to be helpful. The motherboard is running a version of Award BIOS for which I don't have the version number to hand but can again post this later if it would be helpful. It has an 80Gb Western Digital hard drive freshly formatted and built with Windows XP Professional with Service Pack 3 and all current patches. In addition to Windows XP, the only other software it's running is Skype 4.1 (4.2 crashes the machine as soon as it starts up). It's got a Daytek MV150 15" touch screen running through the VGA and COM1 with the most current drivers from the Daytek website and the most current version of ELO-Touchsystems drivers for the touch component. The webcam is a Logitech Webcam C200 with the latest drivers from the Logitech website. The problem If I hook any USB 2.0 devices to this machine, it hangs the whole machine and I have to hard boot it to get it back up. Workarounds found I can plug the same devices into the on board USB 1.0 connectors and everything works fine, albeit at reduced performance. I've tried 3 different kinds of USB thumb drives, 3 different makes/models of webcams and my iPhone all with the same effect. They're recognized and don't hang the machine when I hook them to the USB 1.0 but if I hook them to the USB 2.0 ports, the machine hangs within a couple of seconds of recognizing the devices were connected. Attempted solutions I've tried disabling all the on board devices that I'm not using - such as the on board LAN, the second COM port, the AGP connector etc. through the BIOS in an (perhaps misguided or futile) attempt to reduce the power consumption... I don't think it had any effect but it didn't do any harm. I was wondering if the PSU wattage just isn't enough to drive the USB 2.0 devices; I've seen this suggested but haven't found any confirmation that this could really be an issue - nor have I found a way to work around this issue - if indeed it is one. Any ideas? The only thing I haven't done which I only just thought of while writing this essay is trying the USB 2.0 card in a different PCI slot, or re-ordering the wi-fi and USB cards in the slots... although I'm not sure if this will make any difference. I've installed the USB card in another machine and it works without issue, so it's not a problem with the USB card itself. Other thoughts Perhaps this is an incompatibility between the USB 2.0 card and the BIOS, would re-flashing the BIOS with a newer version help? Do I need to be able to identify the manufacturer of the motherboard in order to be able to find a BIOS edition specific for this motherboard or will any version of Award BIOS function in its place? Question Does anyone have any ideas that could help me get my USB 2.0 devices hooked up to this machine?

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• Best practices for setting lm-factor in Squid refresh patterns

  - by Mpentecost

  I am running a Squid (3.1) cache in front of Django. The content of the site does not change very often, so Squid gives our backend much needed breathing room. Currently, this is the refresh pattern that we are using to cache the content: refresh_pattern . 60 100% 60 We basically want to cache everything for at least an hour (and only an hour) before Squid then re-validates the content. My question is on the "100%" parameter, which sets the lm-factor. I'm not sure if setting that to 100% is doing what we want it to. The assumption was that by setting it to 100%, it would ensure that objects stay in the cache for the max cache time. Is this an incorrect assumption? What are the best practices that one should follow when setting up a refresh pattern like this?

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