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• Inspiration and influence of the else clause of loop statements in Python?

  - by Aristide

  Python offers an optional else clause in loop statements, which is executed if and only if the loop is not terminated by a break. For an interesting discussion about this neglected commodity, see this question. Here, I just wanted to know: if the very concept of this loop-else construct originates from another language (either theoretical or actually implemented), conversely, if it was taken up in any newer language. May be I should ask the former to Guido, but he surely is a too busy guy for such a futile inquiry. ;-)

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• Why would someone use WHERE 1=1 AND <conditions> in a SQL clause?

  - by Bogdan Maxim

  Why would someone use WHERE 1=1 AND <conditions> in a SQL clause (Either SQL obtained through concatenated strings, either view definition) I've seen somewhere that this would be used to protect against SQL Injection, but it seems very weird. If there is injection WHERE 1 = 1 AND injected OR 1=1 would have the same result as injected OR 1=1. Later edit: What about the usage in a view definition?

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• Having a problem with texturing vertices in WebGL, think parameters are off in the image?

  - by mathacka

  I'm having a problem texturing a simple rectangle in my WebGL program, I have the parameters set as follows: gl.texImage2D(gl.TEXTURE_2D, 0, gl.RGBA, gl.RGBA, gl.UNSIGNED_BYTE, textureImage); I'm using this image: On the properties of this image it says it's 32 bit depth, so that should take care of the gl.UNSIGNED_BYTE, and I've tried both gl.RGBA and gl.RGB to see if it's not reading the transparency. It is a 32x32 pixel image, so it's power of 2. And I've tried almost all the combinations of formats and types, but I'm not sure if this is the answer or not. I'm getting these two errors in the chrome console: INVALID_VALUE: texImage2D: invalid image (index):101 WebGL: drawArrays: texture bound to texture unit 0 is not renderable. It maybe non-power-of-2 and have incompatible texture filtering or is not 'texture complete'. Or the texture is Float or Half Float type with linear filtering while OES_float_linear or OES_half_float_linear extension is not enabled. the drawArrays function is simply: "gl.drawArrays(gl.TRIANGLES, 0, 6);" using 6 vertices to make a rectangle.

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• Is encryption really needed for having network security? [closed]

  - by Cawas

  I welcome better key-wording here, both on tags and title. I'm trying to conceive a free, open and secure network environment that would work anywhere, from big enterprises to small home networks of just 1 machine. I think since wireless Access Points are the most, if not only, true weak point of a Local Area Network (let's not consider every other security aspect of having internet) there would be basically two points to consider here: Having an open AP for anyone to use the internet through Leaving the whole LAN also open for guests to be able to easily read (only) files on it, and even a place to drop files on Considering these two aspects, once everything is done properly... What's the most secure option between having that, or having just an encrypted password-protected wifi? Of course "both" would seem "more secure". But it shouldn't actually be anything substantial. I've always had the feeling using any kind of the so called "wireless security" methods is actually a bad design. I'm talking mostly about encrypting and pass-phrasing (which are actually two different concepts), since I won't even consider hiding SSID and mac filtering. I understand it's a natural way of thinking. With cable networking nobody can access the network unless they have access to the physical cable, so you're "secure" in the physical way. In a way, encrypting is for wireless what building walls is for the cables. And giving pass-phrases would be adding a door with a key. So, what do you think?

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• Are there good resources for leading documentation for an existing software product having none?

  - by Ben Rose

  Hello. I'm a software developer at a technology company. I have been tasked with leading the documentation effort for the product I work on, both internal to developers as well as spilling over into facilitating the business side of requirements documentation. This internal product has been around for at least 6 years. One challenge is that this software application has no form of documentation other than some small, outdated pieces here and there. There are comments in the code, but they are technical and do not convey any over-arching behavior (even on technical side). As a consequence of having little to no documentation, this product is often unnecessarily complex under the covers adding to the challenge. We are very limited on time that will be given to us to work on documentation. Another thing about me is that I've displayed some ability in writing/communication around the office, but I'm not coming from any sort of documentation or formal writing background (beyond my academic career). Please share your advise or recommend resources, book/website/forum/whatever, for helping me come up with a plan with milestones, best practices, task delegation, templates, buy-in, etc. I'm hoping for a resource targeting or giving special mention of introducing good documentation on existing projects where there previously was none. I would be very grateful for your responses. Ben

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• Is having functionality in DB a road block to scalability?

  - by Estefany Velez

  I may not be able to give the right title to the question. But here it is, We are developing financial portal for wealth management. We are expecting over 10000 clients to use the application. The portal calculates various performance analytics based on the the technical analysis of the stock market. We developed lot of the functionality through Stored procedures, user defined functions, triggers etc. through Database. We thought we can gain huge performance boost doing stuff directly in database than through C# code. And we actually did get a huge performance boost. When I tried to brag about the achievement to our CTO, he counter questioned my decision of having functionality implemented in database rather than code. According to him such applications suffer scalability problems. In his words "These days things are kept in memory/cache. Clustered data is hard to manage over time. Facebook, Google have nothing in database. It is the era of thin servers and thick clients. DB is used only to store plain data and functionality should be completely decoupled from the database." Can you guys please give me some suggestions as to whether what he says is right. How to go about architect such an application?

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• Is having a single `IndexWriter` instance in Lucene a good idea?

  - by Dragos

  I am trying to understand how Lucene should be used. From what I have read, creating an IndexReader is costly, so using a Search Manager shoulg be the right choice. However, a SearchManager should be produced by a NRTManager(which, by the way, should replace the IndexWriter for every add or delete operation performed). But in order to have a NRTManager, I should first have an IndexWriter, and here comes my problem. The documentation says: an IndexWriter is thread-safe the constructor of this class takes a Directory object, so it seems creating an instace should be costly(as in the case of an IndexReader) all changes are buffered and flushed periodically(so they seem to encourage using a single instance) but: the changes, although flushed will only be visible after commit or close after finished making updates(add/delete), the instance should be closed I also found this: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/5374419/forgot-to-close-the-lucene-indexwriter-after-adding-documents-to-the-index where it is said that not closing a writer might ruin everything So what am I really supposed to do? Is having a single IndexWriter instance a good idea (make only commit and never close it)? EDIT: What is more, if I use NRTManager, how can I make acommit`? Is it even possible?

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• My partition table is facing limitations; having problems creating more partitions

  - by Terence

  I first noticed an issue when trying to install Linux Mint 14 as a third OS alongside Ubuntu 12.10 and Windows 7 - I was unable to create another partition to install Mint to. Poking around, I realised that I had reached the limit of primary partitions: (from left to right of the table) 1) a ~100 MB primary partition that I meant to use for storing Grub files but never got down to, 2) a 25 GB extended partition, with the entire partition containing an ext4 Ubuntu partition, 3) a ~513 GB partition containing Windows 7, 4) some ~50 GB of unallocated space, and finally 5) a 4 GB swap partition. I decided to wipe off the first ~100 MB partition, which I didn't need anyway. This brought me to a dilemma, however: as Ubuntu, during initial installation, had created an extended partition for itself, which meant that I could not create any more. Having an extended partition for Ubuntu is virtually useless as there is only enough space to contain Ubuntu itself, and the benefits of extended are worthless here. And if I go ahead and install Mint now, I would face the same issue of too many primary partitions in the future should I want to create any more. What I'd really like to do is this: convert the current extended partition into a normal primary partition, and create a new extended partition in the unallocated space for all future partitions. Is this possible, and if so how? Thanks in advance!

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• Will we be penalized for having multiple external links to the same site?

  - by merk

  There seem to be conflicting answers on this question. The most relevant ones seem to be at least a year or two old, so I thought it would be worth re-asking this question. My gut says it's ok, because there are plenty of sites out there that do this already. Every major retailer site usually has links to the manufacturer of whatever item they are selling. go to www.newegg.com and they have hundreds of links to the same site since they sell multiple items from the same brand. Our site allows people to list a specific genre of items for sale (not porn - i'm just keeping it generic since I'm not trying to advertise) and on each item listing page, we have a link back to their website if they want. Our SEO guy is saying this is really bad and google is going to treat us as a link farm. My gut says when we have to start limiting user useful features to our site to boost our ranking, then something is wrong. Or start jumping through hoops by trying to hide text using javascript etc Some clients are only selling 1 to a handful of items, while a couple of our bigger clients have hundreds of items listed so will have hundreds of pages that link back to their site. I should also mention, there will be a handful of pages with the bigger clients where it may appear they have duplicate pages, because they will be selling 2 or 3 of the same item, and the only difference in the content of the page might just be a stock #. The majority of the pages though will have unique content. So - will we be penalized in some way for having anywhere from a handful to a few hundred pages that all point to the same link? If we are penalized, what's the suggested way to handle this? We still want to give users the option to go to the clients site, and we would still like to give a link back to the clients site to help their own SE rankings.

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• Would having an undergraduate certificate in Computer Science help me get employed as a computer programmer? [on hold]

  - by JDneverSleeps

  I am wondering how would employers perceive the Universtiy Certificate in Computing and Information Systems offered by Athabasca University (a distance education institution... The university is legit and accredited by the Government of Alberta, Canada). I already have a BSc in Statistics from University of Alberta (a classic brick and mortar public university in Alberta, Canada)...so I can state in my resume that I have a "university degree"..... Luckily, I was able to secure a very good employment in my field after the graduation from the U of A. The main reason why I am interested in taking the certificate program through Athabasca is because knowing how to program can increase the chance for promotion in my current job. I also believe that if something turns out bad in my current job and if I ever need to look for a new place to work, having the certificate in computer science will help me get employed as a computer programmer (i.e. my choice for the new job wouldn't be restricted to the field of Statistics). Athabasca University is claiming that the certificate program is meant to be equivalent to the undergraduate minor in computing science. I carefully looked at the certificate's curriculum and as far as I am concerned, the certificate program does have the same level of rigour as the undergraduate minor in Computer Science programs offered by other Canadian universities. I am also confident that the certificate program will get me to pick up enough skills/background to start a career as a computer programmer. The reasons why I am not 100% sure on getting the certificate is worth the tuition are: Athabasca University is a distance education institution (accredited by government but still) The credential that I will receive is "university certificate", not a "undergraduate degree" Do you think it's a good idea for me to pursue the certificate, given the two facts above? again, I already have my Bachelor's degree - although it is not in CS Thanks,

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• How To Run A Shell Script Again And Again Having X Interval Of Time?

  - by Muhammad Hassan

  I have a shell script in my Ubuntu Server 14.04 LTS at ./ShellScript.sh. I setup /etc/rc.local to run the shell script after boot but before login using below code. Run this: sudo nano /etc/rc.local then add following and save. #!/bin/sh -e # # rc.local # # This script is executed at the end of each multiuser runlevel. # Make sure that the script will "exit 0" on success or any other # value on error. # # In order to enable or disable this script just change the execution # bits. # # By default this script does nothing. #!/bin/bash ./ShellScript.sh exit 0 Now I want to run/execute this shell script again and again having 15min of time interval between every run after boot but before login. So Can I do it? Update 1:) When I run crontab -e then I got the following. Now What to do? no crontab for root - using an empty one Select an editor. To change later, run 'select-editor'. 1. /bin/ed 2. /bin/nano <---- easiest 3. /usr/bin/vim.basic 4. /usr/bin/vim.tiny Choose 1-4 [2]: After selecting 2, I got crontab: "/usr/bin/sensible-editor" exited with status 2 UPDATE 2:) Update ShellScript.sh like below... #!/bin/bash # Testing ShellScript... while true do echo "ShellScript Start Running..." ********************************** All My Shell Script Codes/Script/Commands ********************************** echo "ShellScript End Running..." exit 0 sleep 900 done Then Run this: sudo nano /etc/rc.local then add following and save. #!/bin/sh -e # # rc.local # # This script is executed at the end of each multiuser runlevel. # Make sure that the script will "exit 0" on success or any other # value on error. # # In order to enable or disable this script just change the execution # bits. # # By default this script does nothing. sh ./ShellScript.sh & exit 0

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• How do I prevent having to log in on 3 separate prompts every time I start my machine?

  - by JC

  Ubuntu 11.04 Natty Narwhal, Ubuntu Classic desktop Each time I start my machine, I have to log in 3 times. I spent a week in IRCFreenode#ubuntu and got nothing but condescension. I've searched on the official Ubuntu fora for similar problems, tried every recommendation, and still get 3 login screens. As a workaround, I have reset login such that I get a login screen at startup, which I'd prefer not to get since this machine is accessible by no one but me, physically. I have gone into System Preferences Passwords and Encryption Keys, set first 'Passwords: default' to 'Default' and unlocked it, and unlocked the 'Passwords: login' key, too. Next, since that changed nothing, I set 'Passwords: login' to 'Default', and checked to make sure it was still unlocked. Again, no change, still get 3 login prompts at startup. I've checked twice to insure that I am the owner of the files; I am. At the suggestion of several people in #ubuntu, I've deleted first one, then the other password key in 'Passwords and Encryption Keys'. Still get 3 login prompts. I changed from the Unity desktop to Ubuntu Classic. While that didn't fix the above problem, it is a much more elegant desktop than Unity, and I'll keep it. From what I've read, this seems to be a Seahorse issue, but beyond that, no one seems to have a solution that works. I'm lost. This shouldn't be this difficult or annoying. I'm trying to help our local Old Time music collective get their machines switched over to Ubuntu in order to save them some money which they can use to promote their DRM-free music. But from what I've seen of Ubuntu so far on my own machine, I can't really recommend that they make this switch. I hope to be proved wrong on that point. But as it stands, if I was out of town or out of country and they ran into a problem, they'd have no way of fixing it as they're all less experienced than even I am. I'm not trying to cast aspersions on Ubuntu or Linux, but it seems pretty clear that KNOWLEDGEABLE, HELPFUL support for Ubuntu is lacking barring any desire on the problem-experiencing-user's part to avoid condescension. Having worked with, and run, several non-profits over the past 20 years, I know that getting volunteers to act professionally can be like herding cats. But an organization's reputation can be denigrated by sarcastic behaviors on the part of those who serve, effectively, as its public face. Thank you all for your help and support. Now...does anyone have a solution to my problem?

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• Why would I learn C++11, having known C and C++?

  - by Shahbaz

  I am a programmer in C and C++, although I don't stick to either language and write a mixture of the two. Sometimes having code in classes, possibly with operator overloading, or templates and the oh so great STL is obviously a better way. Sometimes use of a simple C function pointer is much much more readable and clear. So I find beauty and practicality in both languages. I don't want to get into the discussion of "If you mix them and compile with a C++ compiler, it's not a mix anymore, it's all C++" I think we all understand what I mean by mixing them. Also, I don't want to talk about C vs C++, this question is all about C++11. C++11 introduces what I think are significant changes to how C++ works, but it has introduced many special cases that change how different features behave in different circumstances, placing restrictions on multiple inheritance, adding lambda functions, etc. I know that at some point in the future, when you say C++ everyone would assume C++11. Much like when you say C nowadays, you most probably mean C99. That makes me consider learning C++11. After all, if I want to continue writing code in C++, I may at some point need to start using those features simply because my colleagues have. Take C for example. After so many years, there are still many people learning and writing code in C. Why? Because the language is good. What good means is that, it follows many of the rules to create a good programming language. So besides being powerful (which easy or hard, almost all programming languages are), C is regular and has few exceptions, if any. C++11 however, I don't think so. I'm not sure that the changes introduced in C++11 are making the language better. So the question is: Why would I learn C++11? Update: My original question in short was: "I like C++, but the new C++11 doesn't look good because of this and this and this. However, deep down something tells me I need to learn it. So, I asked this question here so that someone would help convince me to learn it." However, the zealous people here can't tolerate pointing out a flaw in their language and were not at all constructive in this manner. After the moderator edited the question, it became more like a "So, how about this new C++11?" which was not at all my question. Therefore, in a day or too I am going to delete this question if no one comes up with an actual convincing argument. P.S. If you are interested in knowing what flaws I was talking about, you can edit my question and see the previous edits.

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• Does having your page file on decrease the life expectancy of your hard drive?

  - by user695874

  If I have my page file turned on in Windows as opposed to having it turned off as shown below: Would having the page file turned on decrease the life expectancy on my Hard Drive? If so, how much would the life decrease say with regular use? (4 hours a day) I'm thinking it would decrease some just because there would be more writing to the hard drive, but I wasn't sure if it would be too negligible to even matter.

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• Silverlight RIA Services. Query fails on large table but works with Where clause

  - by FauxReal

  I have a somewhat large table, maybe 2000 rows by 50 columns. When using the most basic imaginable RIA implementation. Create one-table Model Create DomainService Drop datagrid onto MainPage.xaml Drop datasource onto datagrid Ctrl-F5 I get this error: System.ServiceModel.DomainServices.Client.DomainOperationException: Load operation faild for query. Value cannot be null. Error is much larger, but thats the beginning of it. The weird thing is that if I narrow the results down with a where clause on the GetQuery, it works fine. In fact six different querys which together result in all of the rows being called works fine also. So basically, I'm sure its not some sort of rogue row. Why do I get this "Value cannot be null" error if I query the whole table? Thanks

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• linq where clause and count result in null exception.

  - by nestling

  The code below works unless p.School.SchoolName turns out to be null, in which case it results in a NullReferenceException. if (ExistingUsers.Where(p => p.StudentID == item.StaffID && p.School.SchoolName == item.SchoolID).Count() > 0) { // Do stuff. } ExistingUsers is a list of users: public List<User> ExistingUsers; Here is the relevant portion of the stacktrace: System.NullReferenceException: Object reference not set to an instance of an object. at System.Linq.Enumerable.WhereListIterator1.MoveNext() at System.Linq.Enumerable.Count[TSource](IEnumerable1 source) How should I handle this where clause? Thanks very much in advance.

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• Which SQL query is faster? Filter on Join criteria or Where clause?

  - by Jon Erickson

  Compare these 2 queries. Is it faster to put the filter on the join criteria or in the were clause. I have always felt that it is faster on the join criteria because it reduces the result set at the soonest possible moment, but I don't know for sure. I'm going to build some tests to see, but I also wanted to get opinions on which would is clearer to read as well. Query 1 SELECT * FROM TableA a INNER JOIN TableXRef x ON a.ID = x.TableAID INNER JOIN TableB b ON x.TableBID = b.ID WHERE a.ID = 1 /* <-- Filter here? */ Query 2 SELECT * FROM TableA a INNER JOIN TableXRef x ON a.ID = x.TableAID AND a.ID = 1 /* <-- Or filter here? */ INNER JOIN TableB b ON x.TableBID = b.ID

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• How would I order a table by the number of matching params in the where clause of an sql statement?

  - by Eitan

  I'm writing sql to search a database by a number of parameters. How would I go about ordering the result set by the items that match the most parameters in the where clause. For example: SELECT * FROM users WHERE username = 'eitan' OR email = '[email protected]' OR company = 'eitan' Username | email | company 1) eitan | [email protected] | blah 2) eitan | [email protected] | eitan 3) eitan | [email protected] | blah should be ordered like: 2, 3, 1. Thanks. (ps the query isn't that easy, has a lot of joins and a lot of OR's in the WHERE) Eitan

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• Why do I need to explicitly specify all columns in a SQL "GROUP BY" clause - why not "GROUP BY *"?

  - by rwmnau

  This has always bothered me - why does the GROUP BY clause in a SQL statement require that I include all non-aggregate columns? These columns should be included by default - a kind of "GROUP BY *" - since I can't even run the query unless they're all included. Every column has to either be an aggregate or be specified in the "GROUP BY", but it seems like anything not aggregated should be automatically grouped. Maybe it's part of the ANSI-SQL standard, but even so, I don't understand why. Can somebody help me understand the need for this convention?

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• How to write simple Where Clause for dynamic filtering in linq when we use groups in join

  - by malik

  I have simple search page i want to filter the results. var TransactionStats = from trans in context.ProductTransactionSet.Include("SPL") select new { trans.InvoiceNo, ProductGroup = from tranline in trans.ProductTransactionLines group tranline by tranline.ProductTransaction.TransactionID into ProductGroupDetil select new { TransactionDateTime = ProductGroupDetil.Select (Content => Content.TransactionDateTime) } }; I want to use TransactionDateTime in where clause when required. if (_FilterCrieteria.DateFrom.HasValue) { TransactionStats.Where ( a => a.ProductGroup.Where ( dt => dt.DateofTransaction >= _FilterCrieteria.DateFrom && dt.DateofTransaction >= _FilterCrieteria.DateFrom ) ) } Can any one correct the syntax?

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• Inspiration and influence of the else clause of loop statements?

  - by Aristide

  Python offers an optional loop-else clause which is executed if and only if the loop is not terminated by a break. (In other words, the condition fails for a while-loop or the iterator is exhausted for a for-loop.) Does this loop-else construct originate from another language? (Either theoretical or actually implemented.) Has it been taken up in any newer language? Maybe I should ask the former of Guido, but surely he is too busy for such a futile inquiry. ;-) Related discussion and examples: Pythonic ways to use ‘else’ in a for loop

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• Using Where method in Linq 2 Entities with OR clause.

  - by Dani

  I want to use Where method in Linq 2 entities that will be equal to this userRepository.Users.Where(u=>u.RoleID == 1 || u=>u.RoldID == 2).Select(o => new SelectListItem { Text = o.Role.RoleName, Value = o.RoleID.ToString() }).ToList(); The problem of course is in Where(u=u.RoleID == 1 || u=u.RoldID == 2) The problem is that I don't know how to use WHERE method with OR inside the WHERE clause. any ideas (the code above will not compile of-course b/c of the lambda expression. userRepository.Users returns an list of Users entities. I guess that and can be done using concatenation of .Where().Where() but I need an OR.

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• Query Execution Plan - When is the Where clause executed?

  - by Alex

  I have a query like this (created by LINQ): SELECT [t0].[Id], [t0].[CreationDate], [t0].[CreatorId] FROM [dbo].[DataFTS]('test', 100) AS [t0] WHERE [t0].[CreatorId] = 1 ORDER BY [t0].[RANK] DataFTS is a full-text search table valued function. The query execution plan looks like this: SELECT (0%) - Sort (23%) - Nested Loops (Inner Join) (1%) - Sort (Top N Sort) (25%) - Stream Aggregate (0%) - Stream Aggregate (0%) - Compute Scalar (0%) - Table Valued Function (FullTextMatch) (13%) | | - Clustered Index Seek (38%) Does this mean that the WHERE clause ([CreatorId] = 1) is executed prior to the TVF ( full text search) or after the full text search? Thank you.

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• Unknown Column 'template' in where clause, while using a stored procedure.

  - by sai

  Hello, I have a stored procedure, which has got executed without any errors, but gives me an error "#1054: Unknown column 'templateName' in where clause" when I run it. The stored procedure is delimiter // DROP PROCEDURE getData// CREATE DEFINER=root@localhost PROCEDURE getData(IN templateName VARCHAR(45),IN templateVersion VARCHAR(45),IN userId VARCHAR(45)) BEGIN set @version = CONCAT("SELECT 'saveOEMsData_answersVersion' FROM saveOEMsData where 'saveOEMsData_templateName' = ",templateName," and 'saveOEMsData_templateVersion' = ",templateVersion," and 'saveOEMsData_userId'= ",userId); PREPARE s1 from @version; EXECUTE S1; END // delimiter ; Now I call it using "call getData('templateName','1','285');". And whenever I call it, I get the mentioned error. What could the problem be?? It surely is syntactical, I have been reading the mysql manuals for 2 days and have come out without!! Any help would be great!! Thanks

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• Linq to SQL - How to compare against a collection in the where clause?

  - by Sgraffite

  I'd like to compare against an IEnumerable collection in my where clause. Do I need to manually loop through the collection to pull out the column I want to compare against, or is there a generic way to handle this? I want something like this: public IEnumerable<Cookie> GetCookiesForUsers(IEnumerable<User> Users) { var cookies = from c in db.Cookies join uc in db.UserCookies on c.CookieID equals uc.CookieID join u in db.Users on uc.UserID equals u.UserID where u.UserID.Equals(Users.UserID) select c; return cookies.ToList(); } I'm used to using the lambda Linq to SQL syntax, but I decided to try the SQLesque syntax since I was using joins this time. What is a good way to do this?

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