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• How is it possible that Winrar can repair any volume with one .rev file?

  - by Coldblackice

  I just learned about .rev files with Winrar -- that if you have a 10-part RAR volume, for example, plus one .rev (recovery) volume -- that .rev volume will be able to "fix" any -one- corrupted volume. How is it able to do this? Obviously there's something I'm not understanding, as I don't understand how one volume could have the "data" to fix any/all of the individual broken volumes. I'd guess that it's because the volumes aren't broken up like I tend to imagine -- each volume having individual files of the whole packed into them, but rather, it's viewed as one continuous "file", so to speak, of data. And that there must be some type of CRC'ish repair work -- But I just don't understand how you could have 9 working volumes, with 1 damaged, but a recovery volume that would be able to repair -any- one of those volumes. How is it able to hold "all" of the data in just one recovery file?

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• Recovering/Creating NewWorld Partition on Mac G4 (PPC) after botched Debian Install

  - by Luis Espinal

  I was trying to install Debian 5.04 on a Mac G4, and in typical geek tradition, I didn't RTFM. During installation, I nuked all existing partitions, creating new to my liking. But as I learned later during the installation process, yaboot needed a NewWorld partition, so I can't boot the installation. I don't have any OSX CDs with me (this is a used G4 I purchased of craigslist) with which to create a HFS partition. I've re-run the Debian installer, which lets me create a partition that is supposed to be of type 'NewWorld', but the installer does not seem to like it or recognizes it. Any ideas how to proceed from here? Thanks.

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• ZFS: RAIDZ versus stripe with ditto blocks

  - by RandomInsano

  I'm going to build a ZFS file server from FreeBSD. I learned recently that I can't expand a RAIDZ udev once it's part of the pool. That's a problem since I'm a home user and will probably add one disk a year tops. But what if I set copies=3 against my entire pool and just throw individual drives into the pool separated? I've read somewheres that the copies will try and distribute across drives if possible. Is there a guarantee there? I really just want protection from bit rot and drive failure on the cheap. Speed's not an issue since it'll go over a 1Gb network and at MOST stream 720p podcasts. Would my data be guaranteed safe from a single drive failure? Are there things I'm not considering? Any and all input is appreciated.

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• How to properly shutdown or reboot a Unix/Linux server

  - by hatorade

  What is the correct way to turn off a Unix/Linux server? From my googling, I have learned (hopefully) the following: shutdown: I should use this, with the parameter -h to halt, or the parameter -r to reboot halt: halts the computer (stops the processor? does this physically turn the power of the computer off?). I think this will call shutdown if not at init0, otherwise just halts. reboot: if not at init6, calls shutdown, otherwise just reboots the computer. if all that is correct, then the only thing I can't figure out is what exactly 'halt' does. Does it just stop the processor but not turn the computer physically off? How do I "poweroff" the computer? Thanks

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• php redirect pages under folder to different domain

  - by matt wilkie

  Using php, how might I redirect all pages under a folder to a different domain? Current site: http://www.example.org/dept http://www.example.org/dept/stuff http://www.example.org/dept/more http://www.example.org/dept/more/stuff New site: http://www.example-too.org/pets/stuff http://www.example-too.org/pets/more http://www.example-too.org/pets/more/stuff I've learned about how to redirect a single page: <? Header( "HTTP/1.1 301 Moved Permanently" ); Header( "Location: http://www.example-too.org/pets/more/stuff" ); ?> but how to apply this to dozens of pages without creating a php redirect for each one? I can't do this using apache mod_rewrite and .htaccess is disabled. thanks.

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• Where does the information shown by OS X Terminal 'Display all commands' feature come from?

  - by Sergio Acosta

  I just learned that if you hit and hold ESC while on the Mac Terminal, a prompt appears after a few seconds offering to show every command available on your system, including aliases, built-ins, and executables on your PATH. Soruce: http://www.mactricksandtips.com/2008/05/list-all-possible-terminal-commands.html However, the output is show through a more filter, and I cannot grep it or pipe it to another command. Does anyone know how this magic output is generated? Is it just generated on the fly by Terminal? Is there a bash command that can be called explicitly on the command line and get the same result? It is mostly curiosity, but I would love to be able to get the results as text I can post-process and not just browse on screen.

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• mount dev, proc, sys in a chroot environment?

  - by Patrick

  I'm trying to create a Linux image with custom picked packages. I followed the guide here http://www.olpcnews.com/forum/index.php?topic=4766.0 However, when I tried to install some packages, it failed to configure due to missing the proc, sys, dev directories. So, I learned from other places that I need to "mount" the host proc, ... directories to my chroot environment. Though, I saw two syntax and am not sure which one to use. In host machine: mount --bind /proc <chroot dir>/proc and another syntax (in chroot envrionment): mount -t proc none /proc Which one should I use, and what are the difference? Edit: What I'm trying to do is to hand craft the packages I'm going to use on an XO laptop, because compiling packages takes really long time on the real XO hardware, if I can build all the packages I need and just flash the image to the XO, I can save time and space.

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• Rail's FileStore with Linux Disk Caching or RAMdisk?

  - by Yo Ludke

  I have a Ruby on Rails application that stores it's catched files on the filesystem (Rails file-system cache). I was thinking about changing to memcached Store, but a short test shows it isn't a big difference in speed. From linuxatemyram.com I learned a bit about file caching. On the current machine there would be around 40..45GB RAM left which isn't needed for the application and which can be used to linux-disk-cache this rails file cache store. The disk is a RAID10 system with almost 120MB disk perfomance. How can I tell Linux to use free RAM more deliberately and not to be shy about using it? Do think it's necessary to adjust a sysyctl/.. value here, or would I have performance advantages to put the File Store root diretory on a ramdisk? (Loosing the cache during a reboot wouldn't be a problem)

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• A design for watching IPTV anywhere in the house?

  - by Carlos

  I'm currently getting TV and internet via IP to my house. The service comes into an ISP-supplied Router (ST585) which is in turn connected to an IPTV box. I need to replace the router, as it's port forwarding seems to be broken, so I was thinking of getting a box with an IGMP proxy. I once mistakenly got a non-IGMP box, with the result that the internet worked, but the IPTV didn't. The trouble is, I have no idea how to set up the IPTV part of the installation. I do have a copy of the ST585 configuration, but it doesn't look anything like the Cisco stuff that I learned about at CCNA. What are the steps necessary to reproduce the IGMP setup? I was thinking of WireSharking the communications on the network, but I suppose I'd need a hub for that? As a bonus, since the packets are coming in with the TV signal, is it possible to mess with the IGMP setup so I can watch TV anywhere in the house?

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• A design for watching IPTV anywhere in the house?

  - by Carlos

  I'm currently getting TV and internet via IP to my house. The service comes into an ISP-supplied Router (ST585) which is in turn connected to an IPTV box. I need to replace the router, as it's port forwarding seems to be broken, so I was thinking of getting a box with an IGMP proxy. I once mistakenly got a non-IGMP box, with the result that the internet worked, but the IPTV didn't. The trouble is, I have no idea how to set up the IPTV part of the installation. I do have a copy of the ST585 configuration, but it doesn't look anything like the Cisco stuff that I learned about at CCNA. What are the steps necessary to reproduce the IGMP setup? I was thinking of WireSharking the communications on the network, but I suppose I'd need a hub for that? As a bonus, since the packets are coming in with the TV signal, is it possible to mess with the IGMP setup so I can watch TV anywhere in the house?

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• Configuring Nagios BGP plugin on Ubuntu

  - by user141610

  I am trying to configure nagios check_bgp_neighbors plug-in on Ubuntu and followed README file of check_bgp_neighbors plug-in. I have made following changes: define command{ command_name check_bgp_all command_line $USER1$/check_bgp_neighbors -H $HOSTADDRESS$ -C $USER3$ -n $ARG1$ -n $ARG2$ } to define command{ command_name check_bgp_all command_line /usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_bgp_neighbors.sh -H xx.xx.xx.49 -C xx.xx.xx.50 And define service{ use server-service hostgroup_name svc-bgp1 service_description BGP Check 1 check_command check_bgp_all!10.0.0.1!172.16.0.2 } to define service{ use generic-service hostgroup_name svc-bgp1 service_description BGP Check 1 check_command check_bgp_all!xx.xx.xx.50 } xx.xx.xx.49 is the IP of the host router and xx.xx.xx.50 is the IP of eBGP neighbour. After that it shows critical status. I know my command is not correct but cannot detect the problem. I learned that in this plug-in user-name and password of the host router are required but don't know how and where to provide it. Nagios log does not show any error message. Status information: Failed: status:0 prefixes:0 sent:0 received:0

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• LVM mirroring VS RAID1

  - by syrenity

  Hi. Having learned a bit about LVM mirroring, I thought about replacing the current RAID-1 scheme I'm using to gain some flexibility. Problem is that according to what I found on the Internet, LVM is: 1) Slower then RAID-1, at least in reading (as only single volume being used for reading). 2) Non-reliable on power interrupts, and requires disk cache disabling for prevention of data loss. http://www.joshbryan.com/blog/2008/01/02/lvm2-mirrors-vs-md-raid-1/ Also it seems, at least to several setup guides I read (http://www.tcpdump.com/kb/os/linux/lvm-mirroring/intro.html), that one actually requires a 3rd disk for storing the LVM log. This makes the setup completely unusable on 2 disks installations, and lowers the amount of used mirror disks on higher amount of disks. Can anyone comment the above facts, and let me know his experience of using LVM mirroring? Thanks.

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• How to type accented characters in Ubuntu 10.04 with an Apple Aluminum Keyboard

  - by jfmessier

  I installed the latest Ubuntu 10.04 and I used to have the Command, Option or Right-Ctrl keys as compose keys to write accented characters. But I find that under Ubuntu 10.04, the Compose Key is not working, even if I specify the proper Apple Keyboard. Since I cannot work with other keyboard layouts than the plain USA one along with compose keys (I never learned, and I hate, the French layout), this about my only way to input accented characters. I still have to try it with a regular keyboard to see whether there is a difference. Thanks :-)

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• Creating a file server - How can I use a large VHD file in Hyper-V? (700GB)

  - by barfoon

  Hey everyone, After a few discussions (here, here, and here), I am still unable to create a simple VM that will be used as a fileserver hosted on my Hyper-V box. I have created a fixed 700GB SCSI drive (.vhd file), as I have learned an IDE drive of this size is not possible. Not to sound too cynical, but its blown me away at how much trouble its been to create a large amount of space and start using it. What is the best way to create a fileserver with a drive of this size hosted on Hyper-V Server 2008, and how can I get it going??? Inclusion of OS, driver, integration tools etc, anything you feel is required would be greatly appreciated. Extra information I am using the stand-alone version of Hyper-V server, and not Windows Server 2008. I have tried loading the Linux Integration Tools (linked in the comments of the last link above) onto a SUSE 11 VM and the installation fails, the machine cannot see the vhd at all. Thanks very much,

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• How do I create a free server-side database to be accessed via Windows forms and/or browser?

  - by NoCatharsis

  I have no formal education in databasing or programming, but I've learned enough SQL, C++, and C# to at least get started setting up a small database on my company's server. Using MS SQL Server 2008 R2, I have created the database and set up columns with proper data types. However, there seems to be a lot of tweaks and details that are way over my head. Since I would like these data to be accessible to the other 7 or 8 people in my office (preferably via web browser), I'm wondering whether this is the best setup for my situation. The other option I've read about is a LAMPP server, which I assume is the competing free option to Microsoft's Express packages. I know nothing of LAMP servers except from the articles I've read on how to set them up (and I believe I even saw a detailed tutorial somewhere). To summarize, my question is this: Which of these (or any other) server setups would best suit my purposes, keeping in mind that I'm a true novice (but willing to learn), and would like to keep it free until I get more experience?

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• Run chromium-browser on Linux with fullscreen and application modes ON

  - by LukaszBachman

  Some time ago chromium-browser was supporting a so called "kiosk mode", which could start chromium in fullscreen and removed unnecessary titlebar and some other UI components. Right now it looks like it's no longer supported. After few updates the same script that I was using for launching kiosk mode is not behaving the same. I checked some sites and learned that recently they introduced a so called "application mode" (--app=http://mysite.com). All cool and neat, but application mode does no longer enforce fullscreen. How could I force chromium-browser to behave exactly as in previous kiosk mode?

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• Language bar switched input types on me.

  - by Elijah

  I learned Japanese, but I'm not native to Japan, so I never had a Japanese keyboard. I used to use the language bar to go back and forth between English and Japanese, simply typing the words in romaji and having windows convert it into either hiragana, katakana and sometimes Kanji. Suddenly, my input type changes. I am no longer able to simply type in English, it changed my keyboard into a native Japanese keyboard, and what's worse it doesn't even allow me to write in hiragana, which I would need way more than katakana. Can anyone tell me how to restore it to the old setting where I simply chose what the output dialect would be, and typed the words phonetically in english and have it translate the sounds for me into japanese characters?

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• Help, I need to debug my BrowserHelperObject (BHO) (in C++) after a internet explorer 8 crash in Rel

  - by BHOdevelopper

  Hi, here is the situation, i'm developping a Browser Helper Object (BHO) in C++ with Visual Studio 2008, and i learned that the memory wasn't managed the same way in Debug mode than in Release mode. So when i run my BHO in debug mode, internet explorer 8 works just fine and i got no erros at all, the browser stays alive forever, but as soon as i compile it in release mode, i got no errors, no message, nothing, but after 5 minutes i can see through the task manager that internet explorer instances are just eating memory and then the browser just stop responding every time. Please, I really need some hint on how to get a feedback on what could be the error. I heard that, often it was happening because of memory mismanagement. I need a software that just grab a memory dump or something when iexplorer crashes to help me find the problem. Any help is appreciated, I'll be looking for responses every single days, thank you.

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• SharePoint 2010 with AD

  - by Tim Decuypere

  We are students and we have to make a project by using SharePoint. We have already learned the basic steps of SharePoint 2010 but now we have some problems with using the Active Directory. We've deleted SharePoint from the server and afterwards we've installed the AD-role and finished dcpromo. When we’ve reinstalled SharePoint 2010, we have some problems in the configuration of SharePoint. It automatically ask for a Databaseserver but we don't have one in the company of our project. My question is if there is any possibility to use SharePoint with AD and without a Databaseserver. If it is possible it would be nice to tell me how.

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• Upgrade no raid server to raid

  - by AZee

  I have just learned that our PDC has a single drive with 2 partitions. I also know that this drive has bad blocks as recorded in the event log. What I would like to do is to convert this to a RAID solution with a nice balance between economy and performance. I will admit that I have only configured servers with RAID from scratch, and have no experience upgrading an existing system into a RAID system. In fact, I'm not sure it is even possible. Since this is the PDC for 350+ workstations downtime is important. I'd like to hear from other System Administators how they would tackle this and their recommendations for all devices. At this time it seems to me that I can replace the existing drive and then restore from backup or install a controller, drives, configure the RAID an basically start from scratch. Thank you for taking your time. ~AZee

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• JAVA vs .NET Technology - Way 2 go Futher

  - by Sarang

  I have my subject .net acedemically. I also learned core-java and did a project as well. I took training from a java firm. Now, as a skill I do have knowledge as both language. But, it is creating a large problem to me that, which field I should chhose? Even if having better OOP funda, will it be easier for me to transfer from one-another in future ? Please suggest me a way. Also, we do have may technologies available at both side, like JSP, JSF, J2ME, Share Point, SilverLight etc. Which is better as per their reliabity point of view? Which are fast growing and useful technologies used mostly in current IT corporate world ? Are they easier to learn at fresher's point of view? Please answer. Perhaps, this answer may help me mostly to create my way to learn them and go further.

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• HP 4530s: Fan is Always On even When Laptop/CPU is Idle

  - by tolitius

  Just bought an HP 4530s from newegg. Laptop is great, but.. The FAN is always on. I did some googling, found it is a known problem, but no easily googlable solution. Tried to: Update BIOS to the latest Disable "CPU fan always on when plugged in" BIOS setting Installed Windows 7 Home (came with), Live CDed Ubuntu, Windows XP Spent 2 hours with horrible HP support Some other things that I can't already recall = spent too much time on it Laptop is not refundable (learned it the hard way, after the fact, by looking at the NEWEGG clever policy that is hidden in "details") I would really appreciate a workable solution / workaround / hack. The laptop is for my friend who will most likely be running Windows XP/7.

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• Conflicts with MS Office temporary files when using Offline Folders on Vista

  - by Tambet

  We are using Offline Folders feature of Windows Vista to make files on network shares available when out of office. Mostly it is working, but every time I do a sync I get a lot of such errors: D500E7B8.tmp - A file was deleted on this computer and changed on the server while this computer was offline. There are hundreds of them. I always select all of them and choose resolution "Delete from both locations". But what is causing this and how can I avoid it? I suspect the reason is that we are using Debian and Samba (3.4.7) on our file server. I've been looking for some Samba options that would cure this, but with no success. I learned that probably the cause is, that both Word and Excel are using specific pattern to change files - they never change the original file, but instead always write a new temporary file and rename it to original file, when you click Save. This is documented here: http://support.microsoft.com/kb/211632/?FR=1.

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• What are the practical limits on file extension name lengths?

  - by GorillaSandwich

  I started using DOS back before Windows, and ever since have taken it for granted that Every file has a file extension, like .txt, .jpg, etc That extension is always short (usually 3 letters) I learned early that the extension is basically just a hint to the OS as to what the content type is. Eventually I got exposed to Mac and Linux, files with no extensions, etc. And of course I've seen shorter extensions, like .rb and .py. I just noticed that markdown-formatted files can have the extension .markdown, and it made me wonder - how long can that extension be? If I make it .mycrazylongextensiontypewoohoo, will certain operating systems or programs choke on the file? Are extension names generally short just for convenience, or is this based on some limitation, legacy or current?

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• What is the best resource or method for learning more about servers and networking?

  - by kaleidomedallion

  I can get around a server to some degree, but everything I have learned has been as I have needed to learn it. Every once in a while I will learn about some new command that will revolutionize how I think about systems and networking, and realize how I could have been using it this whole time if only I had known about it. Anything to bring someone from novice to some kind of fluency? Do I just need to earn the battle scars bit by bit over the course of years? (I mean of course I do but what can I do to help it be not quite so painful?) For instance, I am still fuzzy on all of networking. Any help would be greatly appreciated.

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