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• Do superuser things with normal user

  - by OrangeTux

  I want to secure the SSH access to my server. One thing I read everywhere is to disable the root user login. To still have access via SSH I created another user via sudo adduser john How can I still do root things with this account? sudo command asks for a password of the user but gives john not in sudoer file. Action will be reported. When I use su I log in as root which I'm going to disable. How can I stil do root things with the normal account john?

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• Cron prepending filename to script output

  - by Caitifty

  I'm having an issue with unwanted lines being added to files output by a cron job. I have a script in /etc/cron.hourly which selects some data from a mysql database and saves it in a text file in /var/www. When I run the script as root, it does exactly what I expect it to do. When the script is executed by cron, it creates the same file, but prepends the following three lines at the top of the output file: :::::::::::::: /var/www/outputfilename :::::::::::::: I can't for the life of me work out how to stop this unwanted behavior. The line in /etc/crontab for cron.hourly is the default "44 * * * * root cd / && run-parts --report /etc/cron.hourly". If I use su to change to being root and do "cd / && run-parts --report /etc/cron.hourly" the script runs as expected and the output doesn't have the mysterious additional 3 lines. I've also tried removing the --report flag from the run-parts command in case that was somehow connected, but no joy. Finally, perusing the cron log output in /var/log/syslog just says cron.hourly ran without giving any additional information. Any suggestions on solving this weird problem most welcome..

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• Can you share wisdom on using HISTIGNORE in bash?

  - by sage

  I was reading the manpages for bash on the plane and I stumbled across the HISTIGNORE variable. To test it out, I immediately edited my .profile to define this variable: export HISTIGNORE=ls I tested it out and this is great! It excludes plain 'ls' commands from my history without excluding more interesting commands with lengthy paths, but having recently harvested a great deal of wisdom from SU I am eager to know what other commands superusers might recommend or other lessons learned. What can you share about using the HISTIGNORE variable in bash? (Note: I'm about to board my next flight and I have obligations upon arrival, so I will be absent for a number of hours before I can respond to comments...)

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• How to view multiple log files as one file in unix/linux

  - by user42679

  Hi, I was wondering if there is a convenient way in linux/unix to read multiple log files as one. More specifically, I would like to view a sequence of log files (app.log, app.log.1 app.log.2, etc) as one big file using normal unix tools (vi, less, etc). When the EOF is read the tool will automatically move to the beginning of the next file. During my work I have to analyze uat/prod logs to investigate and solve problems. The fact that I need to traverse many log files disturbs my work and causes delays. Any ideas?

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• Password not working for sudo ("Authentication failure")

  - by Souta

  Before I mention anything further, DO NOT give me a response saying that terminal won't show password input. I'm AWARE of that. I'm typing my user password in (not a capslock issue), and for some reason it still says 'Authentication Failure'. Is there some other password (one I'm not aware of) I'm supposed to be using other than my user password? I've had this ubuntu before, on another hard drive and I didn't have this problem. (And it was the same ubuntu, ubuntu 12.04 LTS) ai@AiNekoYokai:~$ groups ai adm cdrom sudo dip plugdev lpadmin sambashare ai@AiNekoYokai:~$ lsb_release -rd Description: Ubuntu 12.04 LTS Release: 12.04 ai@AiNekoYokai:~$ pkexec cat /etc/sudoers # # This file MUST be edited with the 'visudo' command as root. # # Please consider adding local content in /etc/sudoers.d/ instead of # directly modifying this file. # # See the man page for details on how to write a sudoers file. # Defaults env_reset Defaults secure_path="/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin" # Host alias specification # User alias specification # Cmnd alias specification # User privilege specification root ALL=(ALL:ALL) ALL # Members of the admin group may gain root privileges %admin ALL=(ALL) ALL # Allow members of group sudo to execute any command %sudo ALL=(ALL:ALL) ALL # See sudoers(5) for more information on "#include" directives: #includedir /etc/sudoers.d I can log in with my password, but it's not accepted as valid for authentication <-- That is pretty much my issue. (Although, I haven't gone into recovery mode.) I've ran: ai@AiNekoYokai:~$ ls /etc/sudoers.d README And also reinstalled sudo with: pkexec apt-get update pkexec apt-get --purge --reinstall install sudo pkexec usermod -a -G admin $USER <- Says admin does not exist su $USER <- worked for me, however, my password still does not do much (in sense of not working for other things) I changed my password with pkexec passwd $USER. I was able to change it no problem. gksudo xclock was something I was able to get into, no problem. (Clock showed) ai@AiNekoYokai:~$ gksudo xclock

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• Linux program unable to access files in group

  - by user1064665

  I'm having trouble configuring things on linux so that a program can access certain files. Let's call it pgm A. It has uid uA and gid gA. In addition, uid uA is listed in /etc/group as a member of group gX. The problem is that pgm A cannot access files for which the uid is root and the gid is gX, but only when pgm A is called from another program, pgm B, which also runs as user uA. If I su as user uA and run pgm A from bash, it has no problem accessing files in group gX. But if another program, pgm B, which also runs as user uA, forks and execs pgm A, pgm A cannot access the files. I've verified that pgm A is indeed running as user uA, group gA, when launched from pgm B. So, if uA is a member of group gX, why can't the program access files which are readable by group gX? It's as if the operating system is ignoring the fact that user uA is also in group gX.

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• What is the formula for HughesNet FAP calculation?

  - by JohnFx

  I am somewhat frustrated with the only FAP monitor I have found on the net and discovered because it relies on a running count of bandwidth usage which (1) requires a service in the background; and (2) Tends to get inaccurate over time. Given that there is a diagnostics page on the firmware of the modem that tells the exact usage per hour, I was planning on writing a more accurate version with a better UI. However, it appears that HughesNet keeps the exact formula for calculating whether you are in FAP a secret. I have no idea why they wouldn't be more forthcoming with this information. Wondering if anyone out in SU-land had done some trial and error testing to reverse engineer the formula or had some inside knowledge to share.

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• How to fix windows new line character on sftp synchronization in eclipse (pdt)

  - by superspace

  Hello, I have a problem with windows new line characters being introduced into text files on eclipse sftp synchronization (via jcraft's sftp plugin). I've set "New text file line delimiter" to Unix and have even sanitized the file with "fromdos" but every time i upload using the sftp plugin, windows new line characters can be seen in the remote file as "^M" characters (when viewed in vi). A point to note is that if i upload using an external sftp client, it's all fine. Eclipse Version: PDT (Helios) SFTP: jcraft sftp plugin Local Environment: Ubuntu 10.04 Remote Environments: FreeBSD 6.4, Debian 4.0 What am i missing? My co-workers would thank you for the solution :) Thanks in advance.

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• Linux - why am i allowed to remove root file?

  - by 0xDEAD BEEF

  Situation as follows: i do su to root, then i create admin file with cat adminfile then i exit from root issuing exit command i can see following adminfile options -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 10 2010-06-16 16:25 adminfile however, after executing rm adminfile it really gets removed -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 10 2010-06-16 16:25 adminfile reinis@reinis-desktop:~/Test/script$ rm adminfile rm: remove write-protected regular file `adminfile'? tada.. file is gone! As i see it - others have only read permision for that file so they shouldnot be able to remove it.. :/

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• TextPad printing to incorrect printer

  - by TecBrat

  I have tried to find an answer on Google, and searched SU, but have not found anything on this particular issue. I Looked for a setting in the TextPad menu and didn't see anything that seemed relevant. I have 2 networked printers that are the same model. (HP LaserJet 2200 Series PCL 5) One is near me and the other is across the building. The one near me is my default. It seems that TextPad remembers the last printer used and defaults to it rather than printing to the system default, so when I force it to print to my default printer once, the problem is solved until I decide to print to the other printer for some reason. If I don't remember the problem, and specifically print a job to the nearby printer to correct it, I'll end up either wasting paper or wasting trips across the building to pick up printjobs that got printed there by accident. Has anyone else noticed this problem? Is there a solution?

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• Ubuntu NTP issues

  - by Anups

  I am trying to setup the NTP server on Ubuntu machine. Am breaking my head in this particular issue. Getting an error ntpdate[5005]: no server suitable for synchronization found when doing the command ntppdate. Can anyone please help me out in this? /etc/ntp.conf: server 0.ubuntu.pool.ntp.org server 1.ubuntu.pool.ntp.org server 2.ubuntu.pool.ntp.org server 3.ubuntu.pool.ntp.org Also when I gave command netstat -anltp | grep "LISTEN" tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:53 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1816/dnsmasq tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 939/sshd tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:631 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1013/cupsd tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:39558 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 5529/rsession tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:902 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1275/vmware-authdla tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:47304 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 5822/rsession tcp6 0 0 :::80 :::* LISTEN 1400/apache2 tcp6 0 0 :::22 :::* LISTEN 939/sshd tcp6 0 0 ::1:631 :::* LISTEN 1013/cupsd So what should I do so that it listens on 123? If I get output as PORT STATE SERVICE 123/udp open ntp If I give command nmap -p 123 -sU -P0 192.168.36.198, it means UDP is open right? Then why doesn't it show in the command to to show listening ports?

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• Web host recommendation [closed]

  - by birdus

  Possible Duplicate: How to find web hosting that meets my requirements? I'm researching a web host for a client and am looking for any recommendations of hosts you may have used and been happy with. Here are the requirements I've been given: The hosting service needs to either provide or allow us to add the following functionality: i. ASP/ASP.Net ii. video streaming iii. audio streaming iv. reporting v. RSS feeds vi. site search vii. forums viii. podcasts ix. Flash x. CMS: looking at using Percussion Software xi. PII registration xii. tie into SF.com (Sales Force) They also want to have a pre-prod server available so they can test the website before going public with it. This may just be a matter of paying extra for another site/server. Thanks for the help.

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• Can I use the snipping tool to take a screenshot of the windows 8 start screen or modern apps?

  - by Journeyman Geek

  One of the tools I've found invaluable in answering questions on SU is the snipping tool. I may on occasion need to take screenshots of part of the start screen or 'modern' apps. I may not want to take a complete screenshot, and while I can use PrtSc and switch back into desktop to paste it, this is clunky if I need to document a multi-step process. Can I use the snipping tool on modern apps or the start screen? If not is there a configurable way to save a series of screenshots to a fixed folder, say when I press a combination of keys, so I can work, screenshot, then crop and annotate the folder of images?

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• File/folder Write/Delete wise, is my server secure?

  - by acidzombie24

  I wanted to know if someone got access to my server by using a nonroot account, how much damage can he do? After i su someuser I used this command to find all files and folders that are writeable. find / -writable >> list.txt Here is the result. Its most /dev/something and /proc/something and these /var/lock /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock /var/tmp /var/lib/php5 Is my system secure? /var/tmp makes sense but i am unsure why this user has write access to those folders. Should i change them? stat /var/lib/php5 gives me 1733 which is odd. Why write access? why no read? is this some kind of weird use of a temp file?

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• I can't write to a folder which I'm a member of

  - by user3265472

  I'm trying to setup folder access to a group so that all members of that group can create/edit/delete files within the folder. # create my group and add a member sudo addgroup dev sudo adduser martyn dev Now, logged in as "martyn", check my user has been added to "dev" group groups martyn martyn : martyn dev Now I want to change the group ownership of my project folder so all members of that group can edit it and files/folders within it. sudo chgrp -R dev myproject Just to check: martyn@localhost:/var/www$ ls -l total 4 drwxrwxr-x 3 dev dev 4096 May 31 15:53 myproject Now here's where it fails. I want to create a file within myproject (logged in as "martyn", a member of "dev"): vi myproject/test ..but when I try to save the file I get the following error: "myproject/test" E212: Can't open file for writing Why, as user "martyn" which is a member of "dev", can I not write this file? Even if I create the file so it exists, change the ownership to "dev" then try to edit and save - I get the same error.

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• Cron job failing to backing up a Postgres database

  - by user705142

  I'm unsure what's going on here: I've got a backup script which runs fine under root. It produces a 300kb database dump in the proper directory. When running it as a cron job with exactly the same command however, an empty gzip file appears with nothing in it. The cron log shows no error, just that the command has been run. This is the script: #! /bin/bash DIR="/opt/backup" YMD=$(date "+%Y-%m-%d") su -c "pg_dump -U postgres mydatabasename | gzip -6 > "$DIR/database_backup.$YMD.gz" " postgres # delete backup files older than 60 days OLD=$(find $DIR -type d -mtime +60) if [ -n "$OLD" ] ; then echo deleting old backup files: $OLD echo $OLD | xargs rm -rfv fi And the cron job: 01 10 * * * root sh /opt/daily_backup_script.sh It produces a database_backup file, just an empty one. Anyone know what's going on here?

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• Executing a command as apache

  - by Lord Loh.

  This script keeps outputting a 1. and I cannot understand why. <?php passthru("nohup sudo rndc reload sd.example.com",$op); print_r($op); ?> I have also tried the above code without the nohup. I have the following line in my sudoers file apache ALL = NOPASSWD: /usr/sbin/rndc reload sd.example.com Just to test, temporally, I allowed apache a shell, logged in as apache by sudo su apache and successfully managed to execute sudo rndc reload sd.example.com. I do not see any error message in my log files wither. What could I be possibly doing wrong? None of the similar threads have pointed me to anything that solved my problem or debug it.

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• mod hosts file, connect to joomla on remote server

  - by Kate

  I've just acquired an account on a remote server with Joomla installed. I was instructed to add xxx.xx.xxx.xx name.ca www.name.ca to the hosts file which I found in /private/etc/ . I had to su to my admin account and use sudo to mod file and found that hosts is also found in /etc/ though it is apparently the same file. I attempted to flush the the DNS cache using dscacheutil -flushcache and then launched Safari and entered address xxx.xx.xxx.xx/administrator but got a 404 error. Joomla was set up for me by the server owner and accessed from his Windows laptop to demonstrate so I know it should work but no go here. Can anyone suggest what the problem might be?

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• Make words look like keystrokes in Microsoft Word

  - by techturtle

  Is there an easy way in Microsoft Word 2010 to make words appear like keystrokes the way we can here in Superuser? Something like this: Ctrl + V I know that <kbd> is an HTML tag, but in normal HTML that just switches to a fixed-width font. In fact, that's how Word treats it if you paste something from SU into a Word doc: If there's not a standard way to do this in Word, is there a free font that might accomplish the same thing? I thought I'd seen some before but couldn't find any at the regular places I find fonts (dafont.com, fontspace.com).

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• IE8 Stopped Keeping History

  - by BillP3rd

  Like the title says, apparently my IE8 has stopped keeping the history of pages I've visited. I've searched SU and Google and can't find anything that seems to describe what I'm seeing. I have IE set to retain history for 999 days (the maximum allowed): As you can see below, apart from today and last Thursday, IE appears to be oblivious to any activity more recent than three weeks ago. Clicking on either "Thursday" or "Today" reveals no recorded history, however. Very odd behavior. Finally, the history does extend back 30 weeks to when I built the computer, and there is recorded history for every week. I'd appreciate suggestions. NB. Windows 7 Ultimate, x64 (but 32-bit IE8).

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• Second user vimrc file usage on vim running on Mac os X 10.8.5 (Mountain Lion)

  - by Deesbek

  I am using MacVim: :version VIM - Vi IMproved 7.4 (2013 Aug 10, compiled Aug 10 2013 17:49:20) MacOS X (unix) version I've executed :version in vim (to check what patches I had installed) and noticed the following two lines part of the output: user vimrc file: "$HOME/.vimrc" 2nd user vimrc file: "~/.vim/vimrc" What is the 2nd user for, and how would you use it? I've found and read this question:http://apple.stackexchange.com/q/34996/10733, but the answer shows how to integrate the ~/.vim/vimrc into .vimrc. I also did the following search in google which did not yield anything interesting: 2nd user in vim and ~/.vim/vimrc, and how to use ~/.vim/vimrc

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• How can I view a .eml file from command line in Windows Vista?

  - by Nosrettap

  Ok, so my parent's computer crashed (horribly - corruptedRegistry) and I'm trying to access one of their e-mail files that is saved locally on the hard drive. I can't launch Windows itself so right now I am in a "bootup command prompt". I've navigated to where the e-mail appear to be stored C:Users\[userName]\AppData\Local\Microsoft\Windows Mail\Local Folders\Inbox and it shows a list of what appear to be the files. The problem is, they are .eml files and I can't seem to be able to open them. I've tried 'vim' and 'vi' commands but it tells me that 'vim is not recognized as an internal or external command. Does anyone know how I can view .eml files from command line? Thanks

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• What laptops can run an external 27" or 30" screen at 2560x1600 native resolution? [closed]

  - by Moin Zaman

  SU Folks, What laptops do you know off that can run a 27" or 30" external monitor as a secondary display (Extending desktop onto second screen, without switching off the laptop's own built in screen) at the screens native resolution of 2560x1600. I'm not interested docks or USB video adapters etc. Just via the laptop's built in display ports. List the port used and cable as well if possible. Reference links / posts that confirm it are an added bonus. I'm hoping people who've tried it themselves and / or confirmed it can list specific models of laptops so we can build up a good list.

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• What does this error mean (Can't create TCP/IP socket (24))?

  - by user105196

  I have web server with OS RHEL 6.2 and Mysql 5.5.23 on another server and the web server can read from Mysql server without problem, but some time I got this error: [Sun Sep 23 06:13:07 2012] [error] [client XXXXX] DBI connect('XXXX:192.168.1.2:3306','XXX',...) failed: Can't create TCP/IP socket (24) at /var/www/html/file.pm line 199. my question : What does this error mean (Can't create TCP/IP socket (24))? is it OS error or Mysql error ? perl -v This is perl, v5.10.1 (*) built for x86_64-linux-thread-multi mysql -V mysql Ver 14.14 Distrib 5.5.23, for Linux (x86_64) using readline 5.1 su - mysql -s /bin/bash -c 'ulimit -a' core file size (blocks, -c) 0 data seg size (kbytes, -d) unlimited scheduling priority (-e) 0 file size (blocks, -f) unlimited pending signals (-i) 127220 max locked memory (kbytes, -l) 64 max memory size (kbytes, -m) unlimited open files (-n) 1024 pipe size (512 bytes, -p) 8 POSIX message queues (bytes, -q) 819200 real-time priority (-r) 0 stack size (kbytes, -s) 10240 cpu time (seconds, -t) unlimited max user processes (-u) 1024 virtual memory (kbytes, -v) unlimited file locks (-x) unlimited

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• What is meant by "no password set" for root account (and otthers)?

  - by MMA

  Several years back, we were more accustomed to changing to the root account using the su command. First, we switched to the root account, and then executed those root commands. Now we are more accustomed to using the sudo command. But we know that the root account is there. We can readily find the home directory of user root. $ ls -ld /root/ drwx------ 18 root root 4096 Oct 22 17:21 /root/ Now my point is, it is stated that "the root password in Ubuntu is left unset". Please see the answers to this question. Most of the answers have something to this effect in the first paragraph. One or two answers further state that "the account is left disabled". Now my (primary) questions are, What is meant by an unset password? Is it blank? Is it null? Or something else more cryptic? How does the account becomes enabled once I set password for it? (sudo password root) In order get a better understanding, I checked the /etc/shadow file. Since I have already set a password for the root account, I can no longer see what is there (encrypted password). So, I created another account and left it disabled. The corresponding entry in the /etc/shadow file is, testpassword:!:16020:0:99999:7::: Now perhaps my above queries need to be changed to, what does an ! in password field mean? Other encrypted passwords are those very long cryptic strings. How come this encrypted form is only one character long? And does an account become disabled if I put an ! in the (encrypted) password field?

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