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• krb5-multidev, libk5crypto3, libk5crypto3:i386 package dependency

  - by TDalton

  Using Ubuntu 12.04 Asus U43F I can no longer update, install or remove packages via software center because of package dependency errors. sudo apt-get install -f reads the following: Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done Correcting dependencies... Done The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required: libunity6 libqapt-runtime libboost-program-options1.46.1 akonadi-backend-mysql libqapt1 shared-desktop-ontologies libntrack0 ntrack-module-libnl-0 libntrack-qt4-1 Use 'apt-get autoremove' to remove them. The following extra packages will be installed: krb5-multidev libk5crypto3:i386 libkrb5-dev Suggested packages: krb5-doc krb5-doc:i386 krb5-user:i386 The following packages will be upgraded: krb5-multidev libk5crypto3:i386 libkrb5-dev 3 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 325 not upgraded. 11 not fully installed or removed. Need to get 0 B/213 kB of archives. After this operation, 0 B of additional disk space will be used. Do you want to continue [Y/n]? y dpkg: error processing libk5crypto3 (--configure): libk5crypto3:amd64 1.10+dfsg~beta1-2ubuntu0.3 cannot be configured because libk5crypto3:i386 is in a different version (1.10+dfsg~beta1-2ubuntu0.1) dpkg: error processing libk5crypto3:i386 (--configure): libk5crypto3:i386 1.10+dfsg~beta1-2ubuntu0.1 cannot be configured because libk5crypto3:amd64 is in a different version (1.10+dfsg~beta1-2ubuntu0.3) dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of libkrb5-3: libkrb5-3 depends on libk5crypto3 (>= 1.9+dfsg~beta1); however:No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already Package libk5crypto3 is not configured yet. dpkg: error processing libkrb5-3 (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of libgssapi-krb5-2: libgssapi-krb5-2 depends on libk5crypto3 (>= 1.8+dfsg); however: Package libk5crypto3 is not configured yet. libgssapi-krb5-2 depends on libkrb5-3 (= 1.10+dfsg~beta1-2ubuntu0.3); however: Package libkrb5-3 is not configured yet. dpkg: error processing libgssapi-krb5-2 (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of libgssrpc4: libgssrpc4 depends on libgssapi-krb5-2 (>= 1.10+dfsg~); however: Package libgssapi-krb5-2 is not configured yet. dpkg: error processing libgssrpc4 (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of libkadm5srv-mit8: libkadm5srv-mit8 depends on libgssapi-krb5-2 (>= 1.6.dfsg.2); however: Package libgssapi-krb5-2 is not configured yet. libkadm5srv-mit8 depends on libgssrpc4 (>= 1.6.dfsg.2); however: Package libgssrpc4 is not configured yet. libkadm5srv-mit8 depends on libk5crypto3 (>= 1.6.dfsg.2); however: Package libk5crypto3 is not configured yet. libkadm5srv-mit8 depends on libkrb5-3 (>= 1.9+dfsg~beta1); however: Package libkrb5-3 is not configured yet. dpkg: error processing libkadm5srv-mit8 (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of libkadm5clnt-mit8: libkadm5clnt-mit8 depends on libgssapi-krb5-2 (>= 1.10+dfsg~); however: Package libgssapi-krb5-2 is not configured yet. libkadm5clnt-mit8 depends on libgssrpc4 (>= 1.6.dfsg.2); however: Package libgssrpc4 is not configured yet.No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already libkadm5clnt-mit8 depends on libk5crypto3 (>= 1.6.dfsg.2); however: Package libk5crypto3 is not configured yet. libkadm5clnt-mit8 depends on libkrb5-3 (>= 1.8+dfsg); however: Package libkrb5-3 is not configured yet. dpkg: error processing libkadm5clnt-mit8 (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of krb5-multidev: krb5-multidev depends on libkrb5-3 (= 1.10+dfsg~beta1-2ubuntu0.2); however: Version of libkrb5-3 on system is 1.10+dfsg~beta1-2ubuntu0.3. krb5-multidev depends on libk5crypto3 (= 1.10+dfsg~beta1-2ubuntu0.2); however: Version of libk5crypto3 on system is 1.10+dfsg~beta1-2ubuntu0.3. krb5-multidev depends on libgssapi-krb5-2 (= 1.10+dfsg~beta1-2ubuntu0.2); however: Version of libgssapi-krb5-2 on system is 1.10+dfsg~beta1-2ubuntu0.3. krb5-multidev depends on libgssrpc4 (= 1.10+dfsg~beta1-2ubuntu0.2); however: Version of libgssrpc4 on system is 1.10+dfsg~beta1-2ubuntu0.3. krb5-multidev depends on libkadm5srv-mit8 (= 1.10+dfsg~beta1-2ubuntu0.2); however: Version of libkadm5srv-mit8 on system is 1.10+dfsg~beta1-2ubuntu0.3. krb5-multidev depends on libkadm5clnt-mit8 (= 1.10+dfsg~beta1-2ubuntu0.2); however: Version of libkadm5clnt-mit8 on system is 1.10+dfsg~beta1-2ubuntu0.3. dpkg: error processing krb5-multidev (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of libkrb5-dev: libkrb5-dev depends on krb5-multidev (= 1.10+dfsg~beta1-2ubuntu0.2); however: Package krb5-multidev is not configured yet. dpkg: error processing libkrb5-dev (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of libkrb5-3:i386: libkrb5-3:i386 depends on libk5crypto3 (>= 1.9+dfsg~beta1); however: Package libk5crypto3:i386 is not configured yet. dpkg: error processing libkrb5-3:i386 (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of libgssapi-krb5-2:i386: libgssapi-krb5-2:i386 depends on libk5crypto3 (>= 1.8+dfsg); however: Package libk5crypto3:i386 is not configured yet. libgssapi-krb5-2:i386 depends on libkrb5-3 (= 1.10+dfsg~beta1-2ubuntu0.3); however: Package libkrb5-3:i386 is not configured yet. dpkg: error processing libgssapi-krb5-2:i386 (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured Errors were encountered while processing: libk5crypto3 libk5crypto3:i386 libkrb5-3 libgssapi-krb5-2 libgssrpc4 libkadm5srv-mit8 libkadm5clnt-mit8 krb5-multidev libkrb5-dev libkrb5-3:i386 libgssapi-krb5-2:i386 E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1) I have tried to fix the broken dependencies via synaptic package manager, but it returns with an error: E: libk5crypto3: libk5crypto3:amd64 1.10+dfsg~beta1-2ubuntu0.3 cannot be configured because libk5crypto3 E: libkrb5-3: dependency problems - leaving unconfigured E: libgssapi-krb5-2: dependency problems - leaving unconfigured E: libgssrpc4: dependency problems - leaving unconfigured E: libkadm5srv-mit8: dependency problems - leaving unconfigured E: libkadm5clnt-mit8: dependency problems - leaving unconfigured E: krb5-multidev: dependency problems - leaving unconfigured E: libkrb5-dev: dependency problems - leaving unconfigured I haven't gotten help from ubuntuforums.org on this issue. Please help, obi-wan

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• DBA Best Practices - A Blog Series: Episode 1 - Backups

  - by Argenis

    This blog post is part of the DBA Best Practices series, on which various topics of concern for daily database operations are discussed. Your feedback and comments are very much welcome, so please drop by the comments section and be sure to leave your thoughts on the subject. Morning Coffee When I was a DBA, the first thing I did when I sat down at my desk at work was checking that all backups had completed successfully. It really was more of a ritual, since I had a dual system in place to check for backup completion: 1) the scheduled agent jobs to back up the databases were set to alert the NOC in failure, and 2) I had a script run from a central server every so often to check for any backup failures. Why the redundancy, you might ask. Well, for one I was once bitten by the fact that database mail doesn't work 100% of the time. Potential causes for failure include issues on the SMTP box that relays your server email, firewall problems, DNS issues, etc. And so to be sure that my backups completed fine, I needed to rely on a mechanism other than having the servers do the taking - I needed to interrogate the servers and ask each one if an issue had occurred. This is why I had a script run every so often. Some of you might have monitoring tools in place like Microsoft System Center Operations Manager (SCOM) or similar 3rd party products that would track all these things for you. But at that moment, we had no resort but to write our own Powershell scripts to do it. Now it goes without saying that if you don't have backups in place, you might as well find another career. Your most sacred job as a DBA is to protect the data from a disaster, and only properly safeguarded backups can offer you peace of mind here. "But, we have a cluster...we don't need backups" Sadly I've heard this line more than I would have liked to. You need to understand that a cluster is comprised of shared storage, and that is precisely your single point of failure. A cluster will protect you from an issue at the Operating System level, and also under an outage of any SQL-related service or dependent devices. But it will most definitely NOT protect you against corruption, nor will it protect you against somebody deleting data from a table - accidentally or otherwise. Backup, fine. How often do I take a backup? The answer to this is something you will hear frequently when working with databases: it depends. What does it depend on? For one, you need to understand how much data your business is willing to lose. This is what's called Recovery Point Objective, or RPO. If you don't know how much data your business is willing to lose, you need to have an honest and realistic conversation about data loss expectations with your customers, internal or external. From my experience, their first answer to the question "how much data loss can you withstand?" will be "zero". In that case, you will need to explain how zero data loss is very difficult and very costly to achieve, even in today's computing environments. Do you want to go ahead and take full backups of all your databases every hour, or even every day? Probably not, because of the impact that taking a full backup can have on a system. That's what differential and transaction log backups are for. Have I answered the question of how often to take a backup? No, and I did that on purpose. You need to think about how much time you have to recover from any event that requires you to restore your databases. This is what's called Recovery Time Objective. Again, if you go ask your customer how long of an outage they can withstand, at first you will get a completely unrealistic number - and that will be your starting point for discussing a solution that is cost effective. The point that I'm trying to get across is that you need to have a plan. This plan needs to be practiced, and tested. Like a football playbook, you need to rehearse the moves you'll perform when the time comes. How often is up to you, and the objective is that you feel better about yourself and the steps you need to follow when emergency strikes. A backup is nothing more than an untested restore Backups are files. Files are prone to corruption. Put those two together and realize how you feel about those backups sitting on that network drive. When was the last time you restored any of those? Restoring your backups on another box - that, by the way, doesn't have to match the specs of your production server - will give you two things: 1) peace of mind, because now you know that your backups are good and 2) a place to offload your consistency checks with DBCC CHECKDB or any of the other DBCC commands like CHECKTABLE or CHECKCATALOG. This is a great strategy for VLDBs that cannot withstand the additional load created by the consistency checks. If you choose to offload your consistency checks to another server though, be sure to run DBCC CHECKDB WITH PHYSICALONLY on the production server, and if you're using SQL Server 2008 R2 SP1 CU4 and above, be sure to enable traceflags 2562 and/or 2549, which will speed up the PHYSICALONLY checks further - you can read more about this enhancement here. Back to the "How Often" question for a second. If you have the disk, and the network latency, and the system resources to do so, why not backup the transaction log often? As in, every 5 minutes, or even less than that? There's not much downside to doing it, as you will have to clear the log with a backup sooner than later, lest you risk running out space on your tlog, or even your drive. The one drawback to this approach is that you will have more files to deal with at restore time, and processing each file will add a bit of extra time to the entire process. But it might be worth that time knowing that you minimized the amount of data lost. Again, test your plan to make sure that it matches your particular needs. Where to back up to? Network share? Locally? SAN volume? This is another topic where everybody has a favorite choice. So, I'll stick to mentioning what I like to do and what I consider to be the best practice in this regard. I like to backup to a SAN volume, i.e., a drive that actually lives in the SAN, and can be easily attached to another server in a pinch, saving you valuable time - you wouldn't need to restore files on the network (slow) or pull out drives out a dead server (been there, done that, it’s also slow!). The key is to have a copy of those backup files made quickly, and, if at all possible, to a remote target on a different datacenter - or even the cloud. There are plenty of solutions out there that can help you put such a solution together. That right there is the first step towards a practical Disaster Recovery plan. But there's much more to DR, and that's material for a different blog post in this series.

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• Feedback on meeting of the Linux User Group of Mauritius

  Once upon a time in a country far far away... Okay, actually it's not that bad but it has been a while since the last meeting of the Linux User Group of Mauritius (LUGM). There have been plans in the past but it never really happened. Finally, Selven took the opportunity and organised a new meetup with low administrative overhead, proper scheduling on alternative dates and a small attendee's survey on the preferred option. All the pre-work was nicely executed. First, I wasn't sure whether it would be possible to attend. Luckily I got some additional information, like children should come, too, and I was sold to this community gathering. According to other long-term members of the LUGM it was the first time 'ever' that a gathering was organised outside of Quatre Bornes, and I have to admit it was great! LUGM - user group meeting on the 15.06.2013 in L'Escalier Quick overview of Linux & the LUGM With a little bit of delay the LUGM meeting officially started with a quick overview and introduction to Linux presented by Avinash. During the session he told the audience that there had been quite some activity over the island some years ago but unfortunately it had been quiet during recent times. Of course, we also spoke about the acknowledged world dominance of Linux - thanks to Android - and the interesting possibilities for countries like Mauritius. It is known that a couple of public institutions have there back-end infrastructure running on Red Hat Linux systems but the presence on the desktop is still very low. Users are simply hanging on to Windows XP and older versions of Microsoft Office. Following the introduction of the LUGM Ajay joined into the session and it quickly changed into a panel discussion with lots of interesting questions and answers, sharing of first-hand experience either on the job or in private use of Linux, and a couple of ideas about how the LUGM could promote Linux a bit more in Mauritius. It was great to get an insight into other attendee's opinion and activities. Especially taking into consideration that I'm already using Linux since around 1996/97. Frankly speaking, I bought a SuSE 4.x distribution back in those days because I couldn't achieve certain tasks on Windows NT 4.0 without spending a fortune. OpenELEC Mediacenter Next, Selven gave us decent introduction on OpenELEC: Open Embedded Linux Entertainment Center (OpenELEC) is a small Linux distribution built from scratch as a platform to turn your computer into an XBMC media center. OpenELEC is designed to make your system boot fast, and the install is so easy that anyone can turn a blank PC into a media machine in less than 15 minutes. I didn't know about it until this presentation. In the past, I was mainly attached to Video Disk Recorder (VDR) as it allows the use of satellite receiver cards very easily. Hm, somehow I'm still missing my precious HTPC that I had to leave back in Germany years ago. It was great piece of hardware and software; self-built PC in a standard HiFi-sized (43cm) black desktop casing with 2 full-featured Hauppauge DVB-s cards, an old-fashioned Voodoo graphics card, WiFi card, Pioneer slot-in DVD drive, and fully remote controlled via infra-red thanks to Debian, VDR and LIRC. With EP Guide, scheduled recordings and general multimedia centre it offered all the necessary comfort in the living room, besides a Nintendo game console; actually a GameCube at that time... But I have to admit that putting OpenELEC on a Raspberry Pi would be a cool DIY project in the near future. LUGM - our next generation of linux users (15.06.2013) Project Evil Genius (PEG) Don't be scared of the paragraph header. Ish gave us a cool explanation why he named it PEG - Project Evil Genius; it's because of the time of the day when he was scripting down his ideas to be able to build, package and provide software applications to various Linux distributions. The main influence came from openSuSE but the platform didn't cater for his needs and ideas, so he started to work out something on his own. During his passionate session he also talked about the amazing experience he had due to other Linux users from all over the world. During the next couple of days Ish promised to put his script to GitHub... Looking forward to that. Check out Ish's personal blog over at hacklog.in. Highly recommended to read. Why India? Simply because the registration fees per year for an Indian domain are approximately 20 times less than for a Mauritian domain (.mu). Exploring the beach of L'Escalier af the meeting 'After-party' at the beach of L'Escalier Puh, after such interesting sessions, ideas around Linux and good conversation during the breaks and over lunch it was time for a little break-out. Selven suggested that we all should head down to the beach of L'Escalier and get some impressions of nature down here in the south of the island. Talking about 'beach' ;-) - absolutely not comparable to the white-sanded ones here in Flic en Flac... There are no lagoons down at the south coast of Mauriitus, and watching the breaking waves is a different experience and joy after all. Unfortunately, I was a little bit worried about the thoughtless littering at such a remote location. You have to drive on natural paths through the sugar cane fields and I was really shocked by the amount of rubbish lying around almost everywhere. Sad, really sad and it concurs with Yasir's recent article on the same topic. Resumé & outlook It was a great event. I met with new people, had some good conversations, and even my children enjoyed themselves the whole day. The location was well-chosen, enough space for each and everyone, parking spaces and even a playground for the children. Also, a big "Thank You" to Selven and his helpers for the organisation and preparation of lunch. I'm kind of sure that this was an exceptional meeting of LUGM and I'm really looking forward to the next gathering of Linux geeks. Hopefully, soon. All images are courtesy of Avinash Meetoo. More pictures are available on Flickr.

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• Building an OpenStack Cloud for Solaris Engineering, Part 1

  - by Dave Miner

  One of the signature features of the recently-released Solaris 11.2 is the OpenStack cloud computing platform.  Over on the Solaris OpenStack blog the development team is publishing lots of details about our version of OpenStack Havana as well as some tips on specific features, and I highly recommend reading those to get a feel for how we've leveraged Solaris's features to build a top-notch cloud platform.  In this and some subsequent posts I'm going to look at it from a different perspective, which is that of the enterprise administrator deploying an OpenStack cloud.  But this won't be just a theoretical perspective: I've spent the past several months putting together a deployment of OpenStack for use by the Solaris engineering organization, and now that it's in production we'll share how we built it and what we've learned so far.In the Solaris engineering organization we've long had dedicated lab systems dispersed among our various sites and a home-grown reservation tool for developers to reserve those systems; various teams also have private systems for specific testing purposes.  But as a developer, it can still be difficult to find systems you need, especially since most Solaris changes require testing on both SPARC and x86 systems before they can be integrated.  We've added virtual resources over the years as well in the form of LDOMs and zones (both traditional non-global zones and the new kernel zones).  Fundamentally, though, these were all still deployed in the same model: our overworked lab administrators set up pre-configured resources and we then reserve them.  Sounds like pretty much every traditional IT shop, right?  Which means that there's a lot of opportunity for efficiencies from greater use of virtualization and the self-service style of cloud computing.  As we were well into development of OpenStack on Solaris, I was recruited to figure out how we could deploy it to both provide more (and more efficient) development and test resources for the organization as well as a test environment for Solaris OpenStack.At this point, let's acknowledge one fact: deploying OpenStack is hard.  It's a very complex piece of software that makes use of sophisticated networking features and runs as a ton of service daemons with myriad configuration files.  The web UI, Horizon, doesn't often do a good job of providing detailed errors.  Even the command-line clients are not as transparent as you'd like, though at least you can turn on verbose and debug messaging and often get some clues as to what to look for, though it helps if you're good at reading JSON structure dumps.  I'd already learned all of this in doing a single-system Grizzly-on-Linux deployment for the development team to reference when they were getting started so I at least came to this job with some appreciation for what I was taking on.  The good news is that both we and the community have done a lot to make deployment much easier in the last year; probably the easiest approach is to download the OpenStack Unified Archive from OTN to get your hands on a single-system demonstration environment.  I highly recommend getting started with something like it to get some understanding of OpenStack before you embark on a more complex deployment.  For some situations, it may in fact be all you ever need.  If so, you don't need to read the rest of this series of posts!In the Solaris engineering case, we need a lot more horsepower than a single-system cloud can provide.  We need to support both SPARC and x86 VM's, and we have hundreds of developers so we want to be able to scale to support thousands of VM's, though we're going to build to that scale over time, not immediately.  We also want to be able to test both Solaris 11 updates and a release such as Solaris 12 that's under development so that we can work out any upgrade issues before release.  One thing we don't have is a requirement for extremely high availability, at least at this point.  We surely don't want a lot of down time, but we can tolerate scheduled outages and brief (as in an hour or so) unscheduled ones.  Thus I didn't need to spend effort on trying to get high availability everywhere.The diagram below shows our initial deployment design.  We're using six systems, most of which are x86 because we had more of those immediately available.  All of those systems reside on a management VLAN and are connected with a two-way link aggregation of 1 Gb links (we don't yet have 10 Gb switching infrastructure in place, but we'll get there).  A separate VLAN provides "public" (as in connected to the rest of Oracle's internal network) addresses, while we use VxLANs for the tenant networks. One system is more or less the control node, providing the MySQL database, RabbitMQ, Keystone, and the Nova API and scheduler as well as the Horizon console.  We're curious how this will perform and I anticipate eventually splitting at least the database off to another node to help simplify upgrades, but at our present scale this works.I had a couple of systems with lots of disk space, one of which was already configured as the Automated Installation server for the lab, so it's just providing the Glance image repository for OpenStack.  The other node with lots of disks provides Cinder block storage service; we also have a ZFS Storage Appliance that will help back-end Cinder in the near future, I just haven't had time to get it configured in yet.There's a separate system for Neutron, which is our Elastic Virtual Switch controller and handles the routing and NAT for the guests.  We don't have any need for firewalling in this deployment so we're not doing so.  We presently have only two tenants defined, one for the Solaris organization that's funding this cloud, and a separate tenant for other Oracle organizations that would like to try out OpenStack on Solaris.  Each tenant has one VxLAN defined initially, but we can of course add more.  Right now we have just a single /24 network for the floating IP's, once we get demand up to where we need more then we'll add them.Finally, we have started with just two compute nodes; one is an x86 system, the other is an LDOM on a SPARC T5-2.  We'll be adding more when demand reaches the level where we need them, but as we're still ramping up the user base it's less work to manage fewer nodes until then.My next post will delve into the details of building this OpenStack cloud's infrastructure, including how we're using various Solaris features such as Automated Installation, IPS packaging, SMF, and Puppet to deploy and manage the nodes.  After that we'll get into the specifics of configuring and running OpenStack itself.

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• DBA Best Practices - A Blog Series: Episode 1 - Backups

  - by Argenis

    This blog post is part of the DBA Best Practices series, on which various topics of concern for daily database operations are discussed. Your feedback and comments are very much welcome, so please drop by the comments section and be sure to leave your thoughts on the subject. Morning Coffee When I was a DBA, the first thing I did when I sat down at my desk at work was checking that all backups have completed successfully. It really was more of a ritual, since I had a dual system in place to check for backup completion: 1) the scheduled agent jobs to back up the databases were set to alert the NOC in failure, and 2) I had a script run from a central server every so often to check for any backup failures. Why the redundancy, you might ask. Well, for one I was once bitten by the fact that database mail doesn't work 100% of the time. Potential causes for failure include issues on the SMTP box that relays your server email, firewall problems, DNS issues, etc. And so to be sure that my backups completed fine, I needed to rely on a mechanism other than having the servers do the taking - I needed to interrogate the servers and ask each one if an issue had occurred. This is why I had a script run every so often. Some of you might have monitoring tools in place like Microsoft System Center Operations Manager (SCOM) or similar 3rd party products that would track all these things for you. But at that moment, we had no resort but to write our own Powershell scripts to do it. Now it goes without saying that if you don't have backups in place, you might as well find another career. Your most sacred job as a DBA is to protect the data from a disaster, and only properly safeguarded backups can offer you peace of mind here. "But, we have a cluster...we don't need backups" Sadly I've heard this line more than I would have liked to. You need to understand that a cluster is comprised of shared storage, and that is precisely your single point of failure. A cluster will protect you from an issue at the Operating System level, and also under an outage of any SQL-related service or dependent devices. But it will most definitely NOT protect you against corruption, nor will it protect you against somebody deleting data from a table - accidentally or otherwise. Backup, fine. How often do I take a backup? The answer to this is something you will hear frequently when working with databases: it depends. What does it depend on? For one, you need to understand how much data your business is willing to lose. This is what's called Recovery Point Objective, or RPO. If you don't know how much data your business is willing to lose, you need to have an honest and realistic conversation about data loss expectations with your customers, internal or external. From my experience, their first answer to the question "how much data loss can you withstand?" will be "zero". In that case, you will need to explain how zero data loss is very difficult and very costly to achieve, even in today's computing environments. Do you want to go ahead and take full backups of all your databases every hour, or even every day? Probably not, because of the impact that taking a full backup can have on a system. That's what differential and transaction log backups are for. Have I answered the question of how often to take a backup? No, and I did that on purpose. You need to think about how much time you have to recover from any event that requires you to restore your databases. This is what's called Recovery Time Objective. Again, if you go ask your customer how long of an outage they can withstand, at first you will get a completely unrealistic number - and that will be your starting point for discussing a solution that is cost effective. The point that I'm trying to get across is that you need to have a plan. This plan needs to be practiced, and tested. Like a football playbook, you need to rehearse the moves you'll perform when the time comes. How often is up to you, and the objective is that you feel better about yourself and the steps you need to follow when emergency strikes. A backup is nothing more than an untested restore Backups are files. Files are prone to corruption. Put those two together and realize how you feel about those backups sitting on that network drive. When was the last time you restored any of those? Restoring your backups on another box - that, by the way, doesn't have to match the specs of your production server - will give you two things: 1) peace of mind, because now you know that your backups are good and 2) a place to offload your consistency checks with DBCC CHECKDB or any of the other DBCC commands like CHECKTABLE or CHECKCATALOG. This is a great strategy for VLDBs that cannot withstand the additional load created by the consistency checks. If you choose to offload your consistency checks to another server though, be sure to run DBCC CHECKDB WITH PHYSICALONLY on the production server, and if you're using SQL Server 2008 R2 SP1 CU4 and above, be sure to enable traceflags 2562 and/or 2549, which will speed up the PHYSICALONLY checks further - you can read more about this enhancement here. Back to the "How Often" question for a second. If you have the disk, and the network latency, and the system resources to do so, why not backup the transaction log often? As in, every 5 minutes, or even less than that? There's not much downside to doing it, as you will have to clear the log with a backup sooner than later, lest you risk running out space on your tlog, or even your drive. The one drawback to this approach is that you will have more files to deal with at restore time, and processing each file will add a bit of extra time to the entire process. But it might be worth that time knowing that you minimized the amount of data lost. Again, test your plan to make sure that it matches your particular needs. Where to back up to? Network share? Locally? SAN volume? This is another topic where everybody has a favorite choice. So, I'll stick to mentioning what I like to do and what I consider to be the best practice in this regard. I like to backup to a SAN volume, i.e., a drive that actually lives in the SAN, and can be easily attached to another server in a pinch, saving you valuable time - you wouldn't need to restore files on the network (slow) or pull out drives out a dead server (been there, done that, it’s also slow!). The key is to have a copy of those backup files made quickly, and, if at all possible, to a remote target on a different datacenter - or even the cloud. There are plenty of solutions out there that can help you put such a solution together. That right there is the first step towards a practical Disaster Recovery plan. But there's much more to DR, and that's material for a different blog post in this series.

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• laptop crashed: why?

  - by sds

  my linux (ubuntu 12.04) laptop crashed, and I am trying to figure out why. # last sds pts/4 :0 Tue Sep 4 10:01 still logged in sds pts/3 :0 Tue Sep 4 10:00 still logged in reboot system boot 3.2.0-29-generic Tue Sep 4 09:43 - 11:23 (01:40) sds pts/8 :0 Mon Sep 3 14:23 - crash (19:19) this seems to indicate a crash at 09:42 (= 14:23+19:19). as per another question, I looked at /var/log: auth.log: Sep 4 09:17:02 t520sds CRON[32744]: pam_unix(cron:session): session closed for user root Sep 4 09:43:17 t520sds lightdm: pam_unix(lightdm:session): session opened for user lightdm by (uid=0) no messages file syslog: Sep 4 09:24:19 t520sds kernel: [219104.819975] CPU0: Package power limit normal Sep 4 09:43:16 t520sds kernel: imklog 5.8.6, log source = /proc/kmsg started. kern.log: Sep 4 09:24:19 t520sds kernel: [219104.819969] CPU1: Package power limit normal Sep 4 09:24:19 t520sds kernel: [219104.819971] CPU2: Package power limit normal Sep 4 09:24:19 t520sds kernel: [219104.819974] CPU3: Package power limit normal Sep 4 09:24:19 t520sds kernel: [219104.819975] CPU0: Package power limit normal Sep 4 09:43:16 t520sds kernel: imklog 5.8.6, log source = /proc/kmsg started. Sep 4 09:43:16 t520sds kernel: [ 0.000000] Initializing cgroup subsys cpuset Sep 4 09:43:16 t520sds kernel: [ 0.000000] Initializing cgroup subsys cpu I had a computation running until 9:24, but the system crashed 18 minutes later! kern.log has many pages of these: Sep 4 09:43:16 t520sds kernel: [ 0.000000] total RAM covered: 8086M Sep 4 09:43:16 t520sds kernel: [ 0.000000] gran_size: 64K chunk_size: 64K num_reg: 10 lose cover RAM: 38M Sep 4 09:43:16 t520sds kernel: [ 0.000000] gran_size: 64K chunk_size: 128K num_reg: 10 lose cover RAM: 38M Sep 4 09:43:16 t520sds kernel: [ 0.000000] gran_size: 64K chunk_size: 256K num_reg: 10 lose cover RAM: 38M Sep 4 09:43:16 t520sds kernel: [ 0.000000] gran_size: 64K chunk_size: 512K num_reg: 10 lose cover RAM: 38M Sep 4 09:43:16 t520sds kernel: [ 0.000000] gran_size: 64K chunk_size: 1M num_reg: 10 lose cover RAM: 38M Sep 4 09:43:16 t520sds kernel: [ 0.000000] gran_size: 64K chunk_size: 2M num_reg: 10 lose cover RAM: 38M Sep 4 09:43:16 t520sds kernel: [ 0.000000] gran_size: 64K chunk_size: 4M num_reg: 10 lose cover RAM: 38M Sep 4 09:43:16 t520sds kernel: [ 0.000000] gran_size: 64K chunk_size: 8M num_reg: 10 lose cover RAM: 38M Sep 4 09:43:16 t520sds kernel: [ 0.000000] gran_size: 64K chunk_size: 16M num_reg: 10 lose cover RAM: 38M Sep 4 09:43:16 t520sds kernel: [ 0.000000] *BAD*gran_size: 64K chunk_size: 32M num_reg: 10 lose cover RAM: -16M Sep 4 09:43:16 t520sds kernel: [ 0.000000] *BAD*gran_size: 64K chunk_size: 64M num_reg: 10 lose cover RAM: -16M Sep 4 09:43:16 t520sds kernel: [ 0.000000] gran_size: 64K chunk_size: 128M num_reg: 10 lose cover RAM: 0G Sep 4 09:43:16 t520sds kernel: [ 0.000000] gran_size: 64K chunk_size: 256M num_reg: 10 lose cover RAM: 0G Sep 4 09:43:16 t520sds kernel: [ 0.000000] gran_size: 64K chunk_size: 512M num_reg: 10 lose cover RAM: 0G Sep 4 09:43:16 t520sds kernel: [ 0.000000] gran_size: 64K chunk_size: 1G num_reg: 10 lose cover RAM: 0G Sep 4 09:43:16 t520sds kernel: [ 0.000000] *BAD*gran_size: 64K chunk_size: 2G num_reg: 10 lose cover RAM: -1G does this mean that my RAM is bad?! it also says Sep 4 09:43:16 t520sds kernel: [ 2.944123] EXT4-fs (sda1): INFO: recovery required on readonly filesystem Sep 4 09:43:16 t520sds kernel: [ 2.944126] EXT4-fs (sda1): write access will be enabled during recovery Sep 4 09:43:16 t520sds kernel: [ 3.088001] firewire_core: created device fw0: GUID f0def1ff8fbd7dff, S400 Sep 4 09:43:16 t520sds kernel: [ 8.929243] EXT4-fs (sda1): orphan cleanup on readonly fs Sep 4 09:43:16 t520sds kernel: [ 8.929249] EXT4-fs (sda1): ext4_orphan_cleanup: deleting unreferenced inode 658984 ... Sep 4 09:43:16 t520sds kernel: [ 9.343266] EXT4-fs (sda1): ext4_orphan_cleanup: deleting unreferenced inode 525343 Sep 4 09:43:16 t520sds kernel: [ 9.343270] EXT4-fs (sda1): 56 orphan inodes deleted Sep 4 09:43:16 t520sds kernel: [ 9.343271] EXT4-fs (sda1): recovery complete Sep 4 09:43:16 t520sds kernel: [ 9.645799] EXT4-fs (sda1): mounted filesystem with ordered data mode. Opts: (null) does this mean my HD is bad? As per FaultyHardware, I tried smartctl -l selftest, which uncovered no errors: smartctl 5.41 2011-06-09 r3365 [x86_64-linux-3.2.0-30-generic] (local build) Copyright (C) 2002-11 by Bruce Allen, http://smartmontools.sourceforge.net === START OF INFORMATION SECTION === Model Family: Seagate Momentus 7200.4 Device Model: ST9500420AS Serial Number: 5VJE81YK LU WWN Device Id: 5 000c50 0440defe3 Firmware Version: 0003LVM1 User Capacity: 500,107,862,016 bytes [500 GB] Sector Size: 512 bytes logical/physical Device is: In smartctl database [for details use: -P show] ATA Version is: 8 ATA Standard is: ATA-8-ACS revision 4 Local Time is: Mon Sep 10 16:40:04 2012 EDT SMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability. SMART support is: Enabled === START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION === SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: PASSED See vendor-specific Attribute list for marginal Attributes. General SMART Values: Offline data collection status: (0x82) Offline data collection activity was completed without error. Auto Offline Data Collection: Enabled. Self-test execution status: ( 0) The previous self-test routine completed without error or no self-test has ever been run. Total time to complete Offline data collection: ( 0) seconds. Offline data collection capabilities: (0x7b) SMART execute Offline immediate. Auto Offline data collection on/off support. Suspend Offline collection upon new command. Offline surface scan supported. Self-test supported. Conveyance Self-test supported. Selective Self-test supported. SMART capabilities: (0x0003) Saves SMART data before entering power-saving mode. Supports SMART auto save timer. Error logging capability: (0x01) Error logging supported. General Purpose Logging supported. Short self-test routine recommended polling time: ( 1) minutes. Extended self-test routine recommended polling time: ( 109) minutes. Conveyance self-test routine recommended polling time: ( 2) minutes. SCT capabilities: (0x103b) SCT Status supported. SCT Error Recovery Control supported. SCT Feature Control supported. SCT Data Table supported. SMART Attributes Data Structure revision number: 10 Vendor Specific SMART Attributes with Thresholds: ID# ATTRIBUTE_NAME FLAG VALUE WORST THRESH TYPE UPDATED WHEN_FAILED RAW_VALUE 1 Raw_Read_Error_Rate 0x000f 117 099 034 Pre-fail Always - 162843537 3 Spin_Up_Time 0x0003 100 100 000 Pre-fail Always - 0 4 Start_Stop_Count 0x0032 100 100 020 Old_age Always - 571 5 Reallocated_Sector_Ct 0x0033 100 100 036 Pre-fail Always - 0 7 Seek_Error_Rate 0x000f 069 060 030 Pre-fail Always - 17210154023 9 Power_On_Hours 0x0032 095 095 000 Old_age Always - 174362787320258 10 Spin_Retry_Count 0x0013 100 100 097 Pre-fail Always - 0 12 Power_Cycle_Count 0x0032 100 100 020 Old_age Always - 571 184 End-to-End_Error 0x0032 100 100 099 Old_age Always - 0 187 Reported_Uncorrect 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0 188 Command_Timeout 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 1 189 High_Fly_Writes 0x003a 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0 190 Airflow_Temperature_Cel 0x0022 061 043 045 Old_age Always In_the_past 39 (0 11 44 26) 191 G-Sense_Error_Rate 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 84 192 Power-Off_Retract_Count 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 20 193 Load_Cycle_Count 0x0032 099 099 000 Old_age Always - 2434 194 Temperature_Celsius 0x0022 039 057 000 Old_age Always - 39 (0 15 0 0) 195 Hardware_ECC_Recovered 0x001a 041 041 000 Old_age Always - 162843537 196 Reallocated_Event_Count 0x000f 095 095 030 Pre-fail Always - 4540 (61955, 0) 197 Current_Pending_Sector 0x0012 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0 198 Offline_Uncorrectable 0x0010 100 100 000 Old_age Offline - 0 199 UDMA_CRC_Error_Count 0x003e 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 0 254 Free_Fall_Sensor 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0 SMART Error Log Version: 1 No Errors Logged SMART Self-test log structure revision number 1 Num Test_Description Status Remaining LifeTime(hours) LBA_of_first_error # 1 Extended offline Completed without error 00% 4545 - SMART Selective self-test log data structure revision number 1 SPAN MIN_LBA MAX_LBA CURRENT_TEST_STATUS 1 0 0 Not_testing 2 0 0 Not_testing 3 0 0 Not_testing 4 0 0 Not_testing 5 0 0 Not_testing Selective self-test flags (0x0): After scanning selected spans, do NOT read-scan remainder of disk. If Selective self-test is pending on power-up, resume after 0 minute delay. Googling for the messages proved inconclusive, I can't even figure out whether the messages are routine or catastrophic. So, what do I do now?

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• Ubuntu 12.04 wireless (wifi) not working, can not upgrade to 12.10, touchpad gestures not working. What to do?

  - by Ritwik

  I installed ubuntu 12.04 LTS 3 days ago and since then wireless feature and touchpad gestures are not working. Tried everything on internet but still unsuccessful. I cant upgrade to ubuntu 12.10. These are the following comments I tried. Please help me. EDIT: just realized usb 3.0 is also not working. COMMAND lsb_release -r OUTPUT ----------------------------------------------------------------- Release: 12.04 ----------------------------------------------------------------- COMMAND lspci OUTPUT ------------------------------------------------------------------ 00:00.0 Host bridge: Intel Corporation Xeon E3-1200 v3/4th Gen Core Processor DRAM Controller (rev 06) 00:01.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation Xeon E3-1200 v3/4th Gen Core Processor PCI Express x16 Controller (rev 06) 00:01.1 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation Xeon E3-1200 v3/4th Gen Core Processor PCI Express x8 Controller (rev 06) 00:02.0 VGA compatible controller: Intel Corporation 4th Gen Core Processor Integrated Graphics Controller (rev 06) 00:03.0 Audio device: Intel Corporation Xeon E3-1200 v3/4th Gen Core Processor HD Audio Controller (rev 06) 00:14.0 USB controller: Intel Corporation 8 Series/C220 Series Chipset Family USB xHCI (rev 05) 00:16.0 Communication controller: Intel Corporation 8 Series/C220 Series Chipset Family MEI Controller #1 (rev 04) 00:1a.0 USB controller: Intel Corporation 8 Series/C220 Series Chipset Family USB EHCI #2 (rev 05) 00:1b.0 Audio device: Intel Corporation 8 Series/C220 Series Chipset High Definition Audio Controller (rev 05) 00:1c.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 8 Series/C220 Series Chipset Family PCI Express Root Port #1 (rev d5) 00:1c.1 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 8 Series/C220 Series Chipset Family PCI Express Root Port #2 (rev d5) 00:1c.2 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 8 Series/C220 Series Chipset Family PCI Express Root Port #3 (rev d5) 00:1d.0 USB controller: Intel Corporation 8 Series/C220 Series Chipset Family USB EHCI #1 (rev 05) 00:1f.0 ISA bridge: Intel Corporation HM86 Express LPC Controller (rev 05) 00:1f.2 SATA controller: Intel Corporation 8 Series/C220 Series Chipset Family 6-port SATA Controller 1 [AHCI mode] (rev 05) 00:1f.3 SMBus: Intel Corporation 8 Series/C220 Series Chipset Family SMBus Controller (rev 05) 07:00.0 3D controller: NVIDIA Corporation GF117M [GeForce 610M/710M / GT 620M/625M/630M/720M] (rev a1) 08:00.0 Ethernet controller: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL8101E/RTL8102E PCI Express Fast Ethernet controller (rev 07) 09:00.0 Unassigned class [ff00]: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTS5229 PCI Express Card Reader (rev 01) 0f:00.0 Network controller: Qualcomm Atheros QCA9565 / AR9565 Wireless Network Adapter (rev 01) ------------------------------------------------------------------ COMMAND sudo apt-get install linux-backports-modules-wireless-lucid-generic OUTPUT ------------------------------------------------------------------- Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done E: Unable to locate package linux-backports-modules-wireless-lucid-generic ------------------------------------------------------------------- COMMAND cat /etc/lsb-release; uname -a OUTPUT ------------------------------------------------------------------- DISTRIB_ID=Ubuntu DISTRIB_RELEASE=12.04 DISTRIB_CODENAME=precise DISTRIB_DESCRIPTION="Ubuntu 12.04.5 LTS" Linux ritwik-PC 3.2.0-67-generic #101-Ubuntu SMP Tue Jul 15 17:46:11 UTC 2014 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux ------------------------------------------------------------------- COMMAND lspci -nnk | grep -iA2 net OUTPUT ------------------------------------------------------------------- 08:00.0 Ethernet controller [0200]: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL8101E/RTL8102E PCI Express Fast Ethernet controller [10ec:8136] (rev 07) Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company Device [103c:225d] Kernel driver in use: r8169 -- 0f:00.0 Network controller [0280]: Qualcomm Atheros QCA9565 / AR9565 Wireless Network Adapter [168c:0036] (rev 01) Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company Device [103c:217f] ------------------------------------------------------------------- COMMAND lsusb OUTPUT ------------------------------------------------------------------- Bus 001 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub Bus 002 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub Bus 003 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub Bus 004 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0003 Linux Foundation 3.0 root hub Bus 001 Device 002: ID 8087:8008 Intel Corp. Bus 002 Device 002: ID 8087:8000 Intel Corp. ------------------------------------------------------------------- COMMAND iwconfig OUTPUT ------------------------------------------------------------------- lo no wireless extensions. eth0 no wireless extensions. ------------------------------------------------------------------- COMMAND rfkill list all OUTPUT ------------------------------------------------------------------- 0: hp-wifi: Wireless LAN Soft blocked: no Hard blocked: no 1: hp-bluetooth: Bluetooth Soft blocked: no Hard blocked: no ------------------------------------------------------------------- COMMAND lsmod OUTPUT ------------------------------------------------------------------- Module Size Used by snd_hda_codec_realtek 224215 1 bnep 18281 2 rfcomm 47604 0 bluetooth 180113 10 bnep,rfcomm parport_pc 32866 0 ppdev 17113 0 nls_iso8859_1 12713 1 nls_cp437 16991 1 vfat 17585 1 fat 61512 1 vfat snd_hda_intel 33719 3 snd_hda_codec 127706 2 snd_hda_codec_realtek,snd_hda_intel snd_hwdep 17764 1 snd_hda_codec snd_pcm 97275 2 snd_hda_intel,snd_hda_codec snd_seq_midi 13324 0 snd_rawmidi 30748 1 snd_seq_midi snd_seq_midi_event 14899 1 snd_seq_midi snd_seq 61929 2 snd_seq_midi,snd_seq_midi_event nouveau 775039 0 joydev 17693 0 snd_timer 29990 2 snd_pcm,snd_seq snd_seq_device 14540 3 snd_seq_midi,snd_rawmidi,snd_seq ttm 76949 1 nouveau uvcvideo 72627 0 snd 79041 15 snd_hda_codec_realtek,snd_hda_intel,snd_hda_codec,snd_hwdep,snd_pcm,snd_rawmidi,snd_seq,snd_timer,snd_seq_device videodev 98259 1 uvcvideo drm_kms_helper 46978 1 nouveau psmouse 98051 0 drm 241971 3 nouveau,ttm,drm_kms_helper i2c_algo_bit 13423 1 nouveau soundcore 15091 1 snd snd_page_alloc 18529 2 snd_hda_intel,snd_pcm v4l2_compat_ioctl32 17128 1 videodev hp_wmi 18092 0 serio_raw 13211 0 sparse_keymap 13890 1 hp_wmi mxm_wmi 13021 1 nouveau video 19651 1 nouveau wmi 19256 2 hp_wmi,mxm_wmi mac_hid 13253 0 lp 17799 0 parport 46562 3 parport_pc,ppdev,lp r8169 62190 0 ------------------------------------------------------------------- COMMAND sudo su modprobe -v ath9k OUTPUT ------------------------------------------------------------------- insmod /lib/modules/3.2.0-67-generic/kernel/net/wireless/cfg80211.ko insmod /lib/modules/3.2.0-67-generic/kernel/drivers/net/wireless/ath/ath.ko insmod /lib/modules/3.2.0-67-generic/kernel/drivers/net/wireless/ath/ath9k/ath9k_hw.ko insmod /lib/modules/3.2.0-67-generic/kernel/drivers/net/wireless/ath/ath9k/ath9k_common.ko insmod /lib/modules/3.2.0-67-generic/kernel/net/mac80211/mac80211.ko insmod /lib/modules/3.2.0-67-generic/kernel/drivers/net/wireless/ath/ath9k/ath9k.ko ------------------------------------------------------------------- COMMAND do-release-upgrade OUTPUT ------------------------------------------------------------------- Err Upgrade tool signature 404 Not Found [IP: 91.189.88.149 80] Err Upgrade tool 404 Not Found [IP: 91.189.88.149 80] Fetched 0 B in 0s (0 B/s) WARNING:root:file 'quantal.tar.gz.gpg' missing Failed to fetch Fetching the upgrade failed. There may be a network problem. ------------------------------------------------------------------- COMMAND sudo modprobe ath9k dmesg | grep ath9k NO OUTPUT FOR THEM COMMAND dmesg | grep -e ath -e 80211 OUTPUT ------------------------------------------------------------------- [ 13.232372] type=1400 audit(1408867538.399:9): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_load" name="/usr/lib/telepathy/mission-control-5" pid=975 comm="apparmor_parser" [ 13.232615] type=1400 audit(1408867538.399:10): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_load" name="/usr/lib/telepathy/telepathy-*" pid=975 comm="apparmor_parser" [ 15.186599] ath3k: probe of 3-4:1.0 failed with error -110 [ 15.186635] usbcore: registered new interface driver ath3k [ 88.219329] cfg80211: Calling CRDA to update world regulatory domain [ 88.351665] cfg80211: World regulatory domain updated: [ 88.351667] cfg80211: (start_freq - end_freq @ bandwidth), (max_antenna_gain, max_eirp) [ 88.351670] cfg80211: (2402000 KHz - 2472000 KHz @ 40000 KHz), (300 mBi, 2000 mBm) [ 88.351671] cfg80211: (2457000 KHz - 2482000 KHz @ 20000 KHz), (300 mBi, 2000 mBm) [ 88.351673] cfg80211: (2474000 KHz - 2494000 KHz @ 20000 KHz), (300 mBi, 2000 mBm) [ 88.351674] cfg80211: (5170000 KHz - 5250000 KHz @ 40000 KHz), (300 mBi, 2000 mBm) [ 88.351675] cfg80211: (5735000 KHz - 5835000 KHz @ 40000 KHz), (300 mBi, 2000 mBm) ------------------------------------------------------------------- COMMAND sudo apt-get install touchpad-indicator OUTPUT ------------------------------------------------------------------- Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done The following extra packages will be installed: gir1.2-gconf-2.0 python-pyudev Suggested packages: python-qt4 python-pyside.qtcore The following NEW packages will be installed: gir1.2-gconf-2.0 python-pyudev touchpad-indicator 0 upgraded, 3 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded. Need to get 84.1 kB of archives. After this operation, 1,136 kB of additional disk space will be used. Do you want to continue [Y/n]? Y Get:1 http://ppa.launchpad.net/atareao/atareao/ubuntu/ precise/main touchpad-indicator all 0.9.3.12-1ubuntu1 [46.5 kB] Get:2 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise/main gir1.2-gconf-2.0 amd64 3.2.5-0ubuntu2 [7,098 B] Get:3 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise/main python-pyudev all 0.13-1 [30.5 kB] Fetched 84.1 kB in 2s (31.6 kB/s) Selecting previously unselected package gir1.2-gconf-2.0. (Reading database ... 169322 files and directories currently installed.) Unpacking gir1.2-gconf-2.0 (from .../gir1.2-gconf-2.0_3.2.5-0ubuntu2_amd64.deb) ... Selecting previously unselected package python-pyudev. Unpacking python-pyudev (from .../python-pyudev_0.13-1_all.deb) ... Selecting previously unselected package touchpad-indicator. Unpacking touchpad-indicator (from .../touchpad-indicator_0.9.3.12-1ubuntu1_all.deb) ... Processing triggers for bamfdaemon ... Rebuilding /usr/share/applications/bamf.index... Processing triggers for desktop-file-utils ... Processing triggers for gnome-menus ... Processing triggers for hicolor-icon-theme ... Processing triggers for software-center ... INFO:softwarecenter.db.update:no translation information in database needed Setting up gir1.2-gconf-2.0 (3.2.5-0ubuntu2) ... Setting up python-pyudev (0.13-1) ... Setting up touchpad-indicator (0.9.3.12-1ubuntu1) ... ------------------------------------------------------------------- Not able to find ( drivers/net/wireless/ath/ath9k/hw.c ) or ( drivers/net/wireless/ath/ath9k/hw.h )

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• "apt-get -f install" fails with "/usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)"

  - by parsley72

  I started out trying to install CVS: $ sudo apt-get install cvs Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done You might want to run 'apt-get -f install' to correct these: The following packages have unmet dependencies: libcups2 : Breaks: libcups2:i386 (!= 1.5.3-0ubuntu3) but 1.5.3-0ubuntu4 is to be installed libcups2:i386 : Breaks: libcups2 (!= 1.5.3-0ubuntu4) but 1.5.3-0ubuntu3 is to be installed E: Unmet dependencies. Try 'apt-get -f install' with no packages (or specify a solution). But when I try this I get: $ sudo apt-get -f install Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done Correcting dependencies... Done The following package was automatically installed and is no longer required: tzdata-java Use 'apt-get autoremove' to remove them. The following extra packages will be installed: libcups2 The following packages will be upgraded: libcups2 1 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded. 14 not fully installed or removed. Need to get 0 B/172 kB of archives. After this operation, 0 B of additional disk space will be used. Do you want to continue [Y/n]? y dpkg: error processing libcups2 (--configure): libcups2:amd64 1.5.3-0ubuntu3 cannot be configured because libcups2:i386 is in a different version (1.5.3-0ubuntu4) dpkg: error processing libcups2:i386 (--configure): libcups2:i386 1.5.3-0ubuntu4 cannot be configured because libcups2:amd64 is in a different version (1.5.3-0ubuntu3) dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of libcupsmime1: libcupsmime1 depends on libcups2 (>= 1.5~); however: Package libcups2 is not configured yet. dpkg: error processing libcupsmime1 (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of libcupscgi1: libcupscgi1 depends on libcups2 (>= 1.4.0); however: Package libcups2 is not configured yet. dpkg: error processing libcupscgi1 (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of libcupsppdc1: libcupsppdc1 depends on libcups2 (>= 1.4.0); however: Package libcups2 is not configured yet. dpkg: error processing libcupsppdc1 (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of cups-client: cups-client depends on libcups2 (>= 1.5.0); however: Package libcups2 is not configured yet. dpkg: error processing cups-client (--configure): dependency problems - leaviNo apport report written because the error message indicates its a followup error from a previous failure. No apport report written because the error message indicates its a followup error from a previous failure. No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already ng unconfigured dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of cups-ppdc: cups-ppdc depends on libcups2 (>= 1.4.0); however: Package libcups2 is not configured yet. cups-ppdc depends on libcupsppdc1 (>= 1.4.0); however: Package libcupsppdc1 is not configured yet. dpkg: error processing cups-ppdc (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of cups: cups depends on libcups2 (>= 1.5.0); however: Package libcups2 is not configured yet. cups depends on libcupscgi1 (>= 1.4.2); however: Package libcupscgi1 is not configured yet. cups depends on libcupsmime1 (>= 1.5.0); however: Package libcupsmime1 is not configured yet. cups depends on libcupsppdc1 (>= 1.4.0); however: Package libcupsppdc1 is not configured yet. cups depends on cups-client (>= 1.5.3-0ubuntu4); however: Package cups-client is not configured yet. cups depends on cups-ppdc; however: Package cups-ppdc is not configured yet. dpkg: error processing cups (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of libcupsdriver1: libcupsdriver1 depends on libcups2 (>= 1.4.0); however: Package libcups2 is not configured yet. dpkg: error processing libcupsdriver1 (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of openjdk-7-jre-headless: openjdk-7-jre-headless depends on libcups2 (>= 1.4.0); however: Package libcups2 is not configured yet. dpkg: error processing openjdk-7-jre-headless (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of openjdk-7-jre: openjdk-7-jre depends on openjdk-7-jre-headless (= 7u7-2.3.2-1ubuntu0.12.04.1); however: Package openjdk-7-jre-headless is not configured yet. openjdk-7-jre depends on libcups2 (>= 1.4.0); however: Package libcups2 is not configured yet. dpkg: error processing openjdk-7-jre (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of cups-bsd: cups-bsd depends on libcups2 (>= 1.4.0); however: Package libcups2 is not configured yet. cups-bsd depends on cups-client (= 1.5.3-0ubuntu4); however: Package cups-client is not configured yet. dpkg: error processing cups-bsd (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of icedtea-7-jre-jamvm: icedtea-7-jre-jamvm depends on openjdk-7-jre-headless (= 7u7-2.3.2-1ubuntu0.12.04.1); however: Package openjdk-7-jre-headless is not configured yet. dpkg: error processing icedtea-7-jre-jamvm (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of openjdk-7-jre-lib: openjdk-7-jre-lib depends on openjdk-7-jre-headless (>= 7~b130~pre0); however: Package openjdk-7-jre-headless is not configured yet. dpkg: error processing openjdk-7-jre-lib (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured Errors were encountered while processing: libcups2 libcups2:i386 libcupsmime1 libcupscgi1 libcupsppdc1 cups-client cups-ppdc cups libcupsdriver1 openjdk-7-jre-headless openjdk-7-jre cups-bsd icedtea-7-jre-jamvm openjdk-7-jre-lib E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1) I've done "apt-get update" and "apt-get upgrade" and this hasn't fixed the problem: $ sudo apt-get upgrade Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done You might want to run 'apt-get -f install' to correct these. The following packages have unmet dependencies: libcups2 : Breaks: libcups2:i386 (!= 1.5.3-0ubuntu3) but 1.5.3-0ubuntu4 is installed libcups2:i386 : Breaks: libcups2 (!= 1.5.3-0ubuntu4) but 1.5.3-0ubuntu3 is installed E: Unmet dependencies. Try using -f.

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• Maintenance plans love story

  - by Maria Zakourdaev

  There are about 200 QA and DEV SQL Servers out there.  There is a maintenance plan on many of them that performs a backup of all databases and removes the backup history files. First of all, I must admit that I’m no big fan of maintenance plans in particular or the SSIS packages in general.  In this specific case, if I ever need to change anything in the way backup is performed, such as the compression feature or perform some other change, I have to open each plan one by one. This is quite a pain. Therefore, I have decided to replace the maintenance plans with a stored procedure that will perform exactly the same thing.  Having such a procedure will allow me to open multiple server connections and just execute an ALTER PROCEDURE whenever I need to change anything in it. There is nothing like good ole T-SQL. The first challenge was to remove the unneeded maintenance plans. Of course, I didn’t want to do it server by server.  I found the procedure msdb.dbo.sp_maintplan_delete_plan, but it only has a parameter for the maintenance plan id and it has no other parameters, like plan name, which would have been much more useful. Now I needed to find the table that holds all maintenance plans on the server. You would think that it would be msdb.dbo.sysdbmaintplans but, unfortunately, regardless of the number of maintenance plans on the instance, it contains just one row.    After a while I found another table: msdb.dbo.sysmaintplan_subplans. It contains the plan id that I was looking for, in the plan_id column and well as the agent’s job id which is executing the plan’s package: That was all I needed and the rest turned out to be quite easy.  Here is a script that can be executed against hundreds of servers from a multi-server query window to drop the specific maintenance plans. DECLARE @PlanID uniqueidentifier   SELECT @PlanID = plan_id FROM msdb.dbo.sysmaintplan_subplans Where name like ‘BackupPlan%’   EXECUTE msdb.dbo.sp_maintplan_delete_plan @plan_id=@PlanID   The second step was to create a procedure that will perform  all of the old maintenance plan tasks: create a folder for each database, backup all databases on the server and clean up the old files. The script is below. Enjoy.   ALTER PROCEDURE BackupAllDatabases                                   @PrintMode BIT = 1 AS BEGIN          DECLARE @BackupLocation VARCHAR(500)        DECLARE @PurgeAferDays INT        DECLARE @PurgingDate VARCHAR(30)        DECLARE @SQLCmd  VARCHAR(MAX)        DECLARE @FileName  VARCHAR(100)               SET @PurgeAferDays = -14        SET @BackupLocation = '\\central_storage_servername\BACKUPS\'+@@servername               SET @PurgingDate = CONVERT(VARCHAR(19), DATEADD (dd,@PurgeAferDays,GETDATE()),126)               SET @FileName = '?_full_'+                      + REPLACE(CONVERT(VARCHAR(19), GETDATE(),126),':','-')                      +'.bak';          SET @SQLCmd = '               IF ''?'' <> ''tempdb'' BEGIN                      EXECUTE master.dbo.xp_create_subdir N'''+@BackupLocation+'\?\'' ;                        BACKUP DATABASE ? TO  DISK = N'''+@BackupLocation+'\?\'+@FileName+'''                      WITH NOFORMAT, NOINIT,  SKIP, REWIND, NOUNLOAD, COMPRESSION,  STATS = 10 ;                        EXECUTE master.dbo.xp_delete_file 0,N'''+@BackupLocation+'\?\'',N''bak'',N'''+@PurgingDate+''',1;               END'          IF @PrintMode = 1 BEGIN               PRINT @SQLCmd        END               EXEC sp_MSforeachdb @SQLCmd        END

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• 11gR2 ???:Oracle Cluster Health Monitor(CHM)??

  - by JaneZhang(???)

     Cluster Health Monitor(????CHM)???Oracle?????,?????????????(CPU????SWAP????I/O?????)??????CHM??????????   ??????????????????????Hang?????(Eviction)????????????????,??????CHM????????????????????,????????????? CHM???????????:    11.2.0.2 ?????? Oracle Grid Infrastructure for Linux (???Linux Itanium) ?Solaris (Sparc 64 ? x86-64)    11.2.0.3 ????? Oracle Grid Infrastructure for AIX ? Windows (???Windows Itanium)?    ????,???????????CHM?????(ora.crf)???:    $ crsctl stat res -t -init    --------------------------------------------------------------------------------    NAME           TARGET  STATE        SERVER                   STATE_DETAILS       Cluster Resources ora.crf        ONLINE  ONLINE       rac1 CHM????????:    1). System Monitor Service(osysmond):?????????????,osysmond????????????????cluster logger service,???????????????????CHM?????      $ ps -ef|grep osysmond       root      7984     1  0 Jun05 ?        01:16:14 /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/bin/osysmond.bin    2). Cluster Logger Service(ologgerd):???????,ologgerd ???????(master),???????(standby)??ologgerd???????????????,??????????     ???:     $ ps -ef|grep ologgerd       root      8257     1  0 Jun05 ?        00:38:26 /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/bin/ologgerd -M -d       /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/crf/db/rac2     ???:      $ ps -ef|grep ologgerd       root      8353     1  0 Jun05 ?        00:18:47 /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/bin/ologgerd -m rac2 -r -d /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/crf/db/rac1 CHM Repository:?????????,?????,????Grid Infrastructure home ? ,??1 GB ?????,???????????0.5GB???? ?????OCLUMON??????????????????(??????3????)? ??????????????:     $ oclumon manage -get reppath       CHM Repository Path = /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/crf/db/rac2       Done     $ oclumon manage -get repsize       CHM Repository Size = 68082 <====????       Done     ????:     $ oclumon manage -repos reploc /shared/oracle/chm      ????:     $ oclumon manage -repos resize 68083 <==?3600(??) ? 259200(3?)??      rac1 --> retention check successful      New retention is 68083 and will use 1073750609 bytes of disk space      CRS-9115-Cluster Health Monitor repository size change completed on all nodes.      Done ??CHM???????????:     1. ?????Grid_home/bin/diagcollection.pl:         1). ??,??cluster logger service????:         $ oclumon manage -get master         Master = rac2         2).?root??????rac2???????:         # <Grid_home>/bin/diagcollection.pl -collect -chmos -incidenttime inc_time -incidentduration duration         inc_time?????????????,???MM/DD/YYYY24HH:MM:SS, duration??????????????????         ??:# diagcollection.pl -collect -crshome /u01/app/11.2.0/grid -chmoshome  /u01/app/11.2.0/grid -chmos -incidenttime 06/15/201215:30:00 -incidentduration 00:05       3).????????,CHM?????????chmosData_rac2_20120615_1537.tar.gz?    2. ??????CHM?????????oclumon:        $oclumon dumpnodeview [[-allnodes] | [-n node1 node2] [-last "duration"] | [-s "time_stamp" -e "time_stamp"] [-v] [-warning]] [-h]        -s??????,-e??????        $ oclumon dumpnodeview -allnodes -v -s "2012-06-15 07:40:00" -e "2012-06-15 07:57:00" > /tmp/chm1.txt       $ oclumon dumpnodeview -n node1 node2 node3 -last "12:00:00" >/tmp/chm1.txt       $ oclumon dumpnodeview -allnodes -last "00:15:00" >/tmp/chm1.txt ???/tmp/chm1.txt??????:----------------------------------------Node: rac1 Clock: '06-15-12 07.40.01' SerialNo:168880----------------------------------------SYSTEM:#cpus: 1 cpu: 17.96 cpuq: 5 physmemfree: 32240 physmemtotal: 2065856 mcache: 1064024 swapfree: 3988376 swaptotal: 4192956 ior: 57 iow: 59 ios: 10 swpin: 0 swpout: 0 pgin: 57 pgout: 59 netr: 65.767 netw: 34.871 procs: 183 rtprocs: 10 #fds: 4902 #sysfdlimit: 6815744 #disks: 4 #nics: 3  nicErrors: 0TOP CONSUMERS:topcpu: 'mrtg(32385) 64.70' topprivmem: 'ologgerd(8353) 84068' topshm: 'oracle(8760) 329452' topfd: 'ohasd.bin(6627) 720' topthread: 'crsd.bin(8235) 44'PROCESSES:name: 'mrtg' pid: 32385 #procfdlimit: 65536 cpuusage: 64.70 privmem: 1160 shm: 1584 #fd: 5 #threads: 1 priority: 20 nice: 0name: 'oracle' pid: 32381 #procfdlimit: 65536 cpuusage: 0.29 privmem: 1456 shm: 12444 #fd: 32 #threads: 1 priority: 15 nice: 0...name: 'oracle' pid: 8756 #procfdlimit: 65536 cpuusage: 0.0 privmem: 2892 shm: 24356 #fd: 47 #threads: 1 priority: 16 nice: 0----------------------------------------Node: rac2 Clock: '06-15-12 07.40.02' SerialNo:168878----------------------------------------SYSTEM:#cpus: 1 cpu: 40.72 cpuq: 8 physmemfree: 34072 physmemtotal: 2065856 mcache: 1005636 swapfree: 3991808 swaptotal: 4192956 ior: 54 iow: 104 ios: 11 swpin: 0 swpout: 0 pgin: 54 pgout: 104 netr: 77.817 netw: 33.008 procs: 178 rtprocs: 10 #fds: 4948 #sysfdlimit: 6815744 #disks: 4 #nics: 4  nicErrors: 0TOP CONSUMERS:topcpu: 'orarootagent.bi(8490) 1.59' topprivmem: 'ologgerd(8257) 83108' topshm: 'oracle(8873) 324868' topfd: 'ohasd.bin(6744) 720' topthread: 'crsd.bin(8362) 47'PROCESSES:name: 'oracle' pid: 9040 #procfdlimit: 65536 cpuusage: 0.19 privmem: 6040 shm: 121712 #fd: 33 #threads: 1 priority: 16 nice: 0...  ??CHM?????,???Oracle????:  http://docs.oracle.com/cd/E11882_01/rac.112/e16794/troubleshoot.htm#CWADD92242  Oracle® Clusterware Administration and Deployment Guide  11g Release 2 (11.2)  Part Number E16794-17  ?? My Oracle Support??:  Cluster Health Monitor (CHM) FAQ (Doc ID 1328466.1)

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• Apache load balancer limits with Tomcat over AJP

  - by PAS

  Hi All, I have Apache acting as a load balancer in front of 3 Tomcat servers. Occasionally, Apache returns 503 responses, which I would like to remove completely. All 4 servers are not under significant load in terms of CPU, memory, or disk, so I am a little unsure what is reaching it's limits or why. 503s are returned when all workers are in error state - whatever that means. Here are the details: Apache config: <IfModule mpm_prefork_module> StartServers 30 MinSpareServers 30 MaxSpareServers 60 MaxClients 200 MaxRequestsPerChild 1000 </IfModule> ... <Proxy *> AddDefaultCharset Off Order deny,allow Allow from all </Proxy> # Tomcat HA cluster <Proxy balancer://mycluster> BalancerMember ajp://10.176.201.9:8009 keepalive=On retry=1 timeout=1 ping=1 BalancerMember ajp://10.176.201.10:8009 keepalive=On retry=1 timeout=1 ping=1 BalancerMember ajp://10.176.219.168:8009 keepalive=On retry=1 timeout=1 ping=1 </Proxy> # Passes thru track. or api. ProxyPreserveHost On ProxyStatus On # Original tracker ProxyPass /m balancer://mycluster/m ProxyPassReverse /m balancer://mycluster/m Tomcat config: <Server port="8005" shutdown="SHUTDOWN"> <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener" SSLEngine="on" /> <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.JasperListener" /> <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.mbeans.ServerLifecycleListener" /> <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.mbeans.GlobalResourcesLifecycleListener" /> <Service name="Catalina"> <Connector port="8080" protocol="HTTP/1.1" connectionTimeout="20000" redirectPort="8443" /> <Connector port="8009" protocol="AJP/1.3" redirectPort="8443" /> <Engine name="Catalina" defaultHost="localhost"> <Host name="localhost" appBase="webapps" unpackWARs="true" autoDeploy="true" xmlValidation="false" xmlNamespaceAware="false"> </Engine> </Service> </Server> Apache error log: [Mon Mar 22 18:39:47 2010] [error] (70007)The timeout specified has expired: proxy: AJP: attempt to connect to 10.176.201.10:8009 (10.176.201.10) failed [Mon Mar 22 18:39:47 2010] [error] ap_proxy_connect_backend disabling worker for (10.176.201.10) [Mon Mar 22 18:39:47 2010] [error] proxy: AJP: failed to make connection to backend: 10.176.201.10 [Mon Mar 22 18:39:47 2010] [error] (70007)The timeout specified has expired: proxy: AJP: attempt to connect to 10.176.201.9:8009 (10.176.201.9) failed [Mon Mar 22 18:39:47 2010] [error] ap_proxy_connect_backend disabling worker for (10.176.201.9) [Mon Mar 22 18:39:47 2010] [error] proxy: AJP: failed to make connection to backend: 10.176.201.9 [Mon Mar 22 18:39:47 2010] [error] (70007)The timeout specified has expired: proxy: AJP: attempt to connect to 10.176.219.168:8009 (10.176.219.168) failed [Mon Mar 22 18:39:47 2010] [error] ap_proxy_connect_backend disabling worker for (10.176.219.168) [Mon Mar 22 18:39:47 2010] [error] proxy: AJP: failed to make connection to backend: 10.176.219.168 [Mon Mar 22 18:39:47 2010] [error] proxy: BALANCER: (balancer://mycluster). All workers are in error state [Mon Mar 22 18:39:47 2010] [error] proxy: BALANCER: (balancer://mycluster). All workers are in error state [Mon Mar 22 18:39:47 2010] [error] proxy: BALANCER: (balancer://mycluster). All workers are in error state [Mon Mar 22 18:39:47 2010] [error] proxy: BALANCER: (balancer://mycluster). All workers are in error state [Mon Mar 22 18:39:47 2010] [error] proxy: BALANCER: (balancer://mycluster). All workers are in error state [Mon Mar 22 18:39:47 2010] [error] proxy: BALANCER: (balancer://mycluster). All workers are in error state Load balancer top info: top - 23:44:11 up 210 days, 4:32, 1 user, load average: 0.10, 0.11, 0.09 Tasks: 135 total, 2 running, 133 sleeping, 0 stopped, 0 zombie Cpu(s): 0.1%us, 0.2%sy, 0.0%ni, 99.2%id, 0.1%wa, 0.0%hi, 0.1%si, 0.3%st Mem: 524508k total, 517132k used, 7376k free, 9124k buffers Swap: 1048568k total, 352k used, 1048216k free, 334720k cached Tomcat top info: top - 23:47:12 up 210 days, 3:07, 1 user, load average: 0.02, 0.04, 0.00 Tasks: 63 total, 1 running, 62 sleeping, 0 stopped, 0 zombie Cpu(s): 0.2%us, 0.0%sy, 0.0%ni, 99.8%id, 0.1%wa, 0.0%hi, 0.0%si, 0.0%st Mem: 2097372k total, 2080888k used, 16484k free, 21464k buffers Swap: 4194296k total, 380k used, 4193916k free, 1520912k cached Catalina.out does not have any error messages in it. According to Apache's server status, it seems to be maxing out at 143 requests/sec. I believe the servers can handle substantially more load than they are, so any hints about low default limits or other reasons why this setup would be maxing out would be greatly appreciated.

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• Write-error on swap-device, Result: hostbyte=DID_BAD_TARGET driverbyte=DRIVER_OK

  - by Jan

  My root server at 1&1 was unresponsive on HTTP and SSH, so I logged into the serial console . It flooded my connection with endless error messages like quoted below. I initiated a reboot and now everything seems to work properly. After googling, I installed smartctl and ran a short self test, which told me the device was healthy. Is this likely a disk failure soon to happen or could it be just some program going wild? I assume, the swap device could also grow full when huge amounts of memory get consumed by a buggy program? How can I find out for sure? The sever was already unresponsive a week ago when I just restarted it without proper investigation. The server is running on CentOS. Write-error on swap-device (8:16:8351055) Write-error on swap-device (8:16:8351063) Write-error on swap-device (8:16:8351071) Write-error on swap-device (8:16:8351079) Write-error on swap-device (8:16:8351087) Write-error on swap-device (8:16:8351095) Write-error on swap-device (8:16:8351103) Write-error on swap-device (8:16:8351111) Write-error on swap-device (8:16:8351119) Write-error on swap-device (8:16:8351127) Write-error on swap-device (8:16:8351135) Write-error on swap-device (8:16:8351143) Write-error on swap-device (8:16:8351151) Write-error on swap-device (8:16:8351159) Write-error on swap-device (8:16:8351167) Write-error on swap-device (8:16:8351175) Write-error on swap-device (8:16:8351183) Write-error on swap-device (8:16:8351191) sd 1:0:0:0: [sdb] Unhandled error code sd 1:0:0:0: [sdb] Result: hostbyte=DID_BAD_TARGET driverbyte=DRIVER_OK sd 1:0:0:0: [sdb] CDB: Write(10): 2a 00 00 9c 00 ef 00 00 08 00 end_request: I/O error, dev sdb, sector 10223855 Write-error on swap-device (8:16:10223863) sd 1:0:0:0: [sdb] Unhandled error code sd 1:0:0:0: [sdb] Result: hostbyte=DID_BAD_TARGET driverbyte=DRIVER_OK sd 1:0:0:0: [sdb] CDB: Write(10): 2a 00 00 9c 0e 97 00 00 10 00 end_request: I/O error, dev sdb, sector 10227351 Write-error on swap-device (8:16:10227359) Write-error on swap-device (8:16:10227367) sd 1:0:0:0: [sdb] Unhandled error code sd 1:0:0:0: [sdb] Result: hostbyte=DID_BAD_TARGET driverbyte=DRIVER_OK sd 1:0:0:0: [sdb] CDB: Write(10): 2a 00 00 9c b0 1f 00 00 10 00 end_request: I/O error, dev sdb, sector 10268703 Write-error on swap-device (8:16:10268711) Write-error on swap-device (8:16:10268719) sd 1:0:0:0: [sdb] Unhandled error code sd 1:0:0:0: [sdb] Result: hostbyte=DID_BAD_TARGET driverbyte=DRIVER_OK sd 1:0:0:0: [sdb] CDB: Write(10): 2a 00 00 a0 84 7f 00 00 08 00 end_request: I/O error, dev sdb, sector 10519679 Write-error on swap-device (8:16:10519687) sd 1:0:0:0: [sdb] Unhandled error code sd 1:0:0:0: [sdb] Result: hostbyte=DID_BAD_TARGET driverbyte=DRIVER_OK sd 1:0:0:0: [sdb] CDB: Write(10): 2a 00 00 a7 26 af 00 04 00 00 end_request: I/O error, dev sdb, sector 10954415 Write-error on swap-device (8:16:10954423) Write-error on swap-device (8:16:10954431) Write-error on swap-device (8:16:10954439) Write-error on swap-device (8:16:10954447) Write-error on swap-device (8:16:10954455) Write-error on swap-device (8:16:10954463) Write-error on swap-device (8:16:10954471) Write-error on swap-device (8:16:10954479) Write-error on swap-device (8:16:10954487) Write-error on swap-device (8:16:10954495) Write-error on swap-device (8:16:10954503) Write-error on swap-device (8:16:10954511) Write-error on swap-device (8:16:10954519) Write-error on swap-device (8:16:10954527) Write-error on swap-device (8:16:10954535) Write-error on swap-device (8:16:10954543) Write-error on swap-device (8:16:10954551) Write-error on swap-device (8:16:10954559) Write-error on swap-device (8:16:10954567) Write-error on swap-device (8:16:10954575) Write-error on swap-device (8:16:10954583) Write-error on swap-device (8:16:10954591) Write-error on swap-device (8:16:10954599) Write-error on swap-device (8:16:10954607) Write-error on swap-device (8:16:10954615) Write-error on swap-device (8:16:10954623) Write-error on swap-device (8:16:10954631) Write-error on swap-device (8:16:10954639) Write-error on swap-device (8:16:10954647) Write-error on swap-device (8:16:10954655) Write-error on swap-device (8:16:10954663) Write-error on swap-device (8:16:10954671) Write-error on swap-device (8:16:10954679) Write-error on swap-device (8:16:10954687) Write-error on swap-device (8:16:10954695) Write-error on swap-device (8:16:10954703) Write-error on swap-device (8:16:10954711) Write-error on swap-device (8:16:10954719) Write-error on swap-device (8:16:10954727) Write-error on swap-device (8:16:10954735) Write-error on swap-device (8:16:10954743) Write-error on swap-device (8:16:10954751) Write-error on swap-device (8:16:10954759) Write-error on swap-device (8:16:10954767) Write-error on swap-device (8:16:10954775) Write-error on swap-device (8:16:10954783) Write-error on swap-device (8:16:10954791) Write-error on swap-device (8:16:10954799) Write-error on swap-device (8:16:10954807) Write-error on swap-device (8:16:10954815) Write-error on swap-device (8:16:10954823) Write-error on swap-device (8:16:10954831) Write-error on swap-device (8:16:10954839) Write-error on swap-device (8:16:10954847) Write-error on swap-device (8:16:10954855) Write-error on swap-device (8:16:10954863) Write-error on swap-device (8:16:10954871) Write-error on swap-device (8:16:10954879) Write-error on swap-device (8:16:10954887) Write-error on swap-device (8:16:10954895) Write-error on swap-device (8:16:10954903) Write-error on swap-device (8:16:10954911) Write-error on swap-device (8:16:10954919) Write-error on swap-device (8:16:10954927) Write-error on swap-device (8:16:10954935) Write-error on swap-device (8:16:10954943) Write-error on swap-device (8:16:10954951) Write-error on swap-device (8:16:10954959) Write-error on swap-device (8:16:10954967) Write-error on swap-device (8:16:10954975) Write-error on swap-device (8:16:10954983) Write-error on swap-device (8:16:10954991) Write-error on swap-device (8:16:10954999) Write-error on swap-device (8:16:10955007) Write-error on swap-device (8:16:10955015) Write-error on swap-device (8:16:10955023) Write-error on swap-device (8:16:10955031) Write-error on swap-device (8:16:10955039) Write-error on swap-device (8:16:10955047) Write-error on swap-device (8:16:10955055) Write-error on swap-device (8:16:10955063) Write-error on swap-device (8:16:10955071) Write-error on swap-device (8:16:10955079) Write-error on swap-device (8:16:10955087) Write-error on swap-device (8:16:10955095) Write-error on swap-device (8:16:10955103) Write-error on swap-device (8:16:10955111) Write-error on swap-device (8:16:10955119) Write-error on swap-device (8:16:10955127) Write-error on swap-device (8:16:10955135) Write-error on swap-device (8:16:10955143) Write-error on swap-device (8:16:10955151) Write-error on swap-device (8:16:10955159) Write-error on swap-device (8:16:10955167) Write-error on swap-device (8:16:10955175) Write-error on swap-device (8:16:10955183)

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• How to Configure Windows Machine to Allow File Sharing with DNS Alias

  - by Michael Ferrante

  I have not seen a single article posted anywhere online that brings together all the settings one would need to do to make this work properly on Windows, so I thought I would post it here. To facilitate failover schemes, a common technique is to use DNS CNAME records (DNS Aliases) for different machine roles. Then instead of changing the Windows computername of the actual machine name, one can switch a DNS record to point to a new host. This can work on Microsoft Windows machines, but to make it work with file sharing the following configuration steps need to be taken. Outline The Problem The Solution Allowing other machines to use filesharing via the DNS Alias (DisableStrictNameChecking) Allowing server machine to use filesharing with itself via the DNS Alias (BackConnectionHostNames) Providing browse capabilities for multiple NetBIOS names (OptionalNames) Register the Kerberos service principal names (SPNs) for other Windows functions like Printing (setspn) References 1. The Problem On Windows machines, file sharing can work via the computer name, with or without full qualification, or by the IP Address. By default, however, filesharing will not work with arbitrary DNS aliases. To enable filesharing and other Windows services to work with DNS aliases, you must make registry changes as detailed below and reboot the machine. 2. The Solution Allowing other machines to use filesharing via the DNS Alias (DisableStrictNameChecking) This change alone will allow other machines on the network to connect to the machine using any arbitrary hostname. (However this change will not allow a machine to connect to itself via a hostname, see BackConnectionHostNames below). Edit the registry key HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\lanmanserver\parameters and add a value DisableStrictNameChecking of type DWORD set to 1. Allowing server machine to use filesharing with itself via the DNS Alias (BackConnectionHostNames) This change is necessary for a DNS alias to work with filesharing from a machine to find itself. This creates the Local Security Authority host names that can be referenced in an NTLM authentication request. To do this, follow these steps for all the nodes on the client computer: To the registry subkey HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\Lsa\MSV1_0, add new Multi-String Value BackConnectionHostNames In the Value data box, type the CNAME or the DNS alias, that is used for the local shares on the computer, and then click OK. Note: Type each host name on a separate line. Providing browse capabilities for multiple NetBIOS names (OptionalNames) Allows ability to see the network alias in the network browse list. Edit the registry key HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\lanmanserver\parameters and add a value OptionalNames of type Multi-String Add in a newline delimited list of names that should be registered under the NetBIOS browse entries Names should match NetBIOS conventions (i.e. not FQDN, just hostname) Register the Kerberos service principal names (SPNs) for other Windows functions like Printing (setspn) NOTE: Should not need to do this for basic functions to work, documented here for completeness. We had one situation in which the DNS alias was not working because there was an old SPN record interfering, so if other steps aren't working check if there are any stray SPN records. You must register the Kerberos service principal names (SPNs), the host name, and the fully-qualified domain name (FQDN) for all the new DNS alias (CNAME) records. If you do not do this, a Kerberos ticket request for a DNS alias (CNAME) record may fail and return the error code KDC_ERR_S_SPRINCIPAL_UNKNOWN. To view the Kerberos SPNs for the new DNS alias records, use the Setspn command-line tool (setspn.exe). The Setspn tool is included in Windows Server 2003 Support Tools. You can install Windows Server 2003 Support Tools from the Support\Tools folder of the Windows Server 2003 startup disk. How to use the tool to list all records for a computername: setspn -L computername To register the SPN for the DNS alias (CNAME) records, use the Setspn tool with the following syntax: setspn -A host/your_ALIAS_name computername setspn -A host/your_ALIAS_name.company.com computername 3. References All the Microsoft references work via: http://support.microsoft.com/kb/ Connecting to SMB share on a Windows 2000-based computer or a Windows Server 2003-based computer may not work with an alias name Covers the basics of making file sharing work properly with DNS alias records from other computers to the server computer. KB281308 Error message when you try to access a server locally by using its FQDN or its CNAME alias after you install Windows Server 2003 Service Pack 1: "Access denied" or "No network provider accepted the given network path" Covers how to make the DNS alias work with file sharing from the file server itself. KB926642 How to consolidate print servers by using DNS alias (CNAME) records in Windows Server 2003 and in Windows 2000 Server Covers more complex scenarios in which records in Active Directory may need to be updated for certain services to work properly and for browsing for such services to work properly, how to register the Kerberos service principal names (SPNs). KB870911 Distributed File System update to support consolidation roots in Windows Server 2003 Covers even more complex scenarios with DFS (discusses OptionalNames). KB829885

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• PHP pages working slow from time to time

  - by user1038179

  I have VPS with limit of 2GB of ram and 8 CPU cores. I have 5 sites on that VPS (one of them is just for testing, no visitors exept me). All 5 sites are image galleries, like wallpaper sites. Last week I noticed problem on one site (main domain, used for name servers, and also with most traffic, visitors). That site has two image galleries, one is old static html gallery made few years ago and another, main, is powered by ZENPhoto CMS. Also I have that same gallery CMS on another two sites on that same VPS (on one running site and on one just for testing site). On other two sites I have diferent PHP driven gallery. Problem is that after some time (it vary from 10 minutes to few hours after apache restart), loading of pages on main site becomes very slow, or I get 503 Service Temporarily Unavailable error. So pages becomes unavailable. But just that part with new CMS gallery, old part of site with static html pages are working fast and just fine. Also other two sites with same CMS gallery and other two with different PHP driven gallery are working fine and fast at the same time. I thought it must be something with CMS on that main site, because other sites are working nice. Then I tryed to open contact and guest book pages on that main site which are outside of that CMS but also PHP pages, and they do not load too, but that same contact php scipts are working on other sites at the same time. So, when site starts to hangs, ONLY PHP generated content is not working, like I said other static pages are working. And, ONLY on that one main site I have problems. Then I need to restart Apache, after restart everything is vorking nice and fast, for some time, than again, just PHP pages on main site are becomming slower. If I do not restart apache that slowness take some time (several minutes, hours, depending ot traffic) and during that time PHP diven content is loading very slow or unavailable on that site. After sime time, on moments everything start to work and is fast again for some time, and again. In hours with more traffic PHP content is loading slowly or it is unavailable, in hours with less traffic it is sometimes fast and sometimes little bit slower than usually. And ones again, only on that main site, and only PHP driven pages, static pages are working fast even in most traffic hours also other sites with even same CMS are working fast. Currently I have about 7000 unique visitors on that site but site worked nice even with 11500 visitors per day. And about 17000 in total visitors on VPS, all sites ( about 3 pages per unique visitor). When site start to slow down sometimes in apache status I can see something like this: mod_fcgid status: Total FastCGI processes: 37 Process: php5 (/usr/local/cpanel/cgi-sys/php5)Pid Active Idle Accesses State 11300 39 28 7 Working 11274 47 28 7 Working 11296 40 29 3 Working 11283 45 30 3 Working 11304 36 31 1 Working 11282 46 32 3 Working 11292 42 33 1 Working 11289 44 34 1 Working 11305 35 35 0 Working 11273 48 36 2 Working 11280 47 39 1 Working 10125 133 40 12 Exiting(communication error) 11294 41 41 1 Exiting(communication error) 11277 47 42 2 Exiting(communication error) 11291 43 43 1 Exiting(communication error) 10187 108 43 10 Exiting(communication error) 10209 95 44 7 Exiting(communication error) 10171 113 44 5 Exiting(communication error) 11275 47 47 1 Exiting(communication error) 10144 125 48 8 Exiting(communication error) 10086 149 48 20 Exiting(communication error) 10212 94 49 5 Exiting(communication error) 10158 118 49 5 Exiting(communication error) 10169 114 50 4 Exiting(communication error) 10105 141 50 16 Exiting(communication error) 10094 146 50 15 Exiting(communication error) 10115 139 51 17 Exiting(communication error) 10213 93 51 9 Exiting(communication error) 10197 103 51 7 Exiting(communication error) Process: php5 (/usr/local/cpanel/cgi-sys/php5)Pid Active Idle Accesses State 7983 1079 2 149 Ready 7979 1079 11 151 Ready Process: php5 (/usr/local/cpanel/cgi-sys/php5)Pid Active Idle Accesses State 7990 1066 0 57 Ready 8001 1031 64 35 Ready 7999 1032 94 29 Ready 8000 1031 91 36 Ready 8002 1029 34 52 Ready Process: php5 (/usr/local/cpanel/cgi-sys/php5)Pid Active Idle Accesses State 7991 1064 29 115 Ready When it is working nicly there is no lines with "Exiting(communication error)" Active and Idle are time active and time since last request, in seconds. Here are system info. Sysem info: Total processors: 8 Processor #1 Vendor GenuineIntel Name Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU E5440 @ 2.83GHz Speed 88.320 MHz Cache 6144 KB All other seven are the same. System Information Linux vps.nnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnn.nnn 2.6.18-028stab099.3 #1 SMP Wed Mar 7 15:20:22 MSK 2012 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux Current Memory Usage total used free shared buffers cached Mem: 8388608 882164 7506444 0 0 0 -/+ buffers/cache: 882164 7506444 Swap: 0 0 0 Total: 8388608 882164 7506444 Current Disk Usage Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/vzfs 100G 34G 67G 34% / none System Details: Running on: Apache/2.2.22 System info: (Unix) mod_ssl/2.2.22 OpenSSL/0.9.8e-fips-rhel5 DAV/2 mod_auth_passthrough/2.1 mod_bwlimited/1.4 FrontPage/5.0.2.2635 mod_fcgid/2.3.6 Powered by: PHP/5.3.10 Current Configuration Default PHP Version (.php files) 5 PHP 5 Handler fcgi PHP 4 Handler suphp Apache suEXEC on Apache Ruid2 off PHP 4 Handler suphp Apache suEXEC on Apache Configuration The following settings have been saved: fileetag: All keepalive: On keepalivetimeout: 3 maxclients: 150 maxkeepaliverequests: 10 maxrequestsperchild: 10000 maxspareservers: 10 minspareservers: 5 root_options: ExecCGI, FollowSymLinks, Includes, IncludesNOEXEC, Indexes, MultiViews, SymLinksIfOwnerMatch serverlimit: 256 serversignature: Off servertokens: Full sslciphersuite: ALL:!ADH:RC4+RSA:+HIGH:+MEDIUM:-LOW:-SSLv2:-EXP:!kEDH startservers: 5 timeout: 30 I hope, I explained my problem nicely. Any help would be nice.

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• straight to grub prompt on boot

  - by cheshirekow

  I am very lost. I did a fresh install of Ubuntu 10.04 on a laptop. First reboot was fine. I ran all the recommended upgrades, and now every time I start I get just a grub>_ prompt. No error message, just the prompt, and a little banner at the top saying grub's version and telling me that I have minimal bash style editing. I've tried: 1) Re-installing grub via sudo grub-install sda (There is only one disk with only two partitions, one primary, and one for swap) 2) Changed GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT=10 GRUB_TIMEOUT=30 GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="rootdelay=90" GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="rootdelay=90" in /etc/default/grub. No luck. I can boot with the following: grub> set root=(hd0,1) grub> probe (hd0,1) -u c00fadde-f7e8-45e7-a4da-0235605f756 grub> linux /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.32-21-generic root=UUID=c00fadde-f7e8-45e7-a4da-0235605f756 rootdelay=90 grub> initrd /boot/initrd.img-2.6.32-21-generic grub> boot And then everything seems to be fine from there. From the grub prompt if I try configfile /boot/grub/grub.cfg The screen clears and I get another grub prompt. So, seriously, what could the problem be? edit: Full text of /boot/grub/grub.cfg # # DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE # # It is automatically generated by /usr/sbin/grub-mkconfig using templates # from /etc/grub.d and settings from /etc/default/grub # ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/00_header ### if [ -s $prefix/grubenv ]; then load_env fi set default="0" if [ ${prev_saved_entry} ]; then set saved_entry=${prev_saved_entry} save_env saved_entry set prev_saved_entry= save_env prev_saved_entry set boot_once=true fi function savedefault { if [ -z ${boot_once} ]; then saved_entry=${chosen} save_env saved_entry fi } function recordfail { set recordfail=1 if [ -n ${have_grubenv} ]; then if [ -z ${boot_once} ]; then save_env recordfail; fi; fi } insmod ext2 set root='(hd0,1)' search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set c00fadde-f7e8-45e7-a4da-0235c605f756 if loadfont /usr/share/grub/unicode.pf2 ; then set gfxmode=640x480 insmod gfxterm insmod vbe if terminal_output gfxterm ; then true ; else # For backward compatibility with versions of terminal.mod that don't # understand terminal_output terminal gfxterm fi fi insmod ext2 set root='(hd0,1)' search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set c00fadde-f7e8-45e7-a4da-0235c605f756 set locale_dir=($root)/boot/grub/locale set lang=en insmod gettext if [ ${recordfail} = 1 ]; then set timeout=-1 else set timeout=30 fi ### END /etc/grub.d/00_header ### ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/05_debian_theme ### set menu_color_normal=white/black set menu_color_highlight=black/light-gray ### END /etc/grub.d/05_debian_theme ### ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/10_linux ### menuentry 'Ubuntu, with Linux 2.6.32-21-generic' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os { recordfail insmod ext2 set root='(hd0,1)' search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set c00fadde-f7e8-45e7-a4da-0235c605f756 linux /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.32-21-generic root=UUID=c00fadde-f7e8-45e7-a4da-0235c605f756 ro rootdelay=90 rootdelay=90 initrd /boot/initrd.img-2.6.32-21-generic } menuentry 'Ubuntu, with Linux 2.6.32-21-generic (recovery mode)' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os { recordfail insmod ext2 set root='(hd0,1)' search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set c00fadde-f7e8-45e7-a4da-0235c605f756 echo 'Loading Linux 2.6.32-21-generic ...' linux /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.32-21-generic root=UUID=c00fadde-f7e8-45e7-a4da-0235c605f756 ro single rootdelay=90 echo 'Loading initial ramdisk ...' initrd /boot/initrd.img-2.6.32-21-generic } ### END /etc/grub.d/10_linux ### ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/20_memtest86+ ### menuentry "Memory test (memtest86+)" { insmod ext2 set root='(hd0,1)' search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set c00fadde-f7e8-45e7-a4da-0235c605f756 linux16 /boot/memtest86+.bin } menuentry "Memory test (memtest86+, serial console 115200)" { insmod ext2 set root='(hd0,1)' search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set c00fadde-f7e8-45e7-a4da-0235c605f756 linux16 /boot/memtest86+.bin console=ttyS0,115200n8 } ### END /etc/grub.d/20_memtest86+ ### ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/30_os-prober ### if [ ${timeout} != -1 ]; then if sleep --verbose --interruptible 10 ; then set timeout=0 fi fi ### END /etc/grub.d/30_os-prober ### ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/40_custom ### # This file provides an easy way to add custom menu entries. Simply type the # menu entries you want to add after this comment. Be careful not to change # the 'exec tail' line above. ### END /etc/grub.d/40_custom ### output of update-grub Generating grub.cfg ... Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.32-21-generic Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-2.6.32-21-generic Found memtest86+ image: /boot/memtest86+.bin done contents of /boot total 14280 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 640617 2010-04-16 09:01 abi-2.6.32-21-generic -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 115847 2010-04-16 09:01 config-2.6.32-21-generic drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 2010-09-08 02:42 grub -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 7968754 2010-09-02 01:49 initrd.img-2.6.32-21-generic -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 160280 2010-03-23 05:37 memtest86+.bin -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1687378 2010-04-16 09:01 System.map-2.6.32-21-generic -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1196 2010-04-16 09:03 vmcoreinfo-2.6.32-21-generic -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 4029792 2010-04-16 09:01 vmlinuz-2.6.32-21-generic

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• Login loop in Snow Leopard

  - by hgpc

  I can't get out of a login loop of a particular admin user. After entering the password the login screen is shown again after about a minute. Other users work fine. It started happening after a simple reboot. Can you please help me? Thank you! Tried to no avail: Change the password Remove the password Repair disk (no errors) Boot in safe mode Reinstall Snow Leopard and updating to 10.6.6 Remove content of ~/Library/Caches Removed content of ~/Library/Preferences Replaced /etc/authorization with Install DVD copy The system.log mentions a crash report. I'm including both below. system.log Jan 8 02:43:30 loginwindow218: Login Window - Returned from Security Agent Jan 8 02:43:30 loginwindow218: USER_PROCESS: 218 console Jan 8 02:44:42 kernel[0]: Jan 8 02:44:43: --- last message repeated 1 time --- Jan 8 02:44:43 com.apple.launchd[1] (com.apple.loginwindow218): Job appears to have crashed: Bus error Jan 8 02:44:43 com.apple.UserEventAgent-LoginWindow223: ALF error: cannot find useragent 1102 Jan 8 02:44:43 com.apple.UserEventAgent-LoginWindow223: plugin.UserEventAgentFactory: called with typeID=FC86416D-6164-2070-726F-70735C216EC0 Jan 8 02:44:43 /System/Library/CoreServices/loginwindow.app/Contents/MacOS/loginwindow233: Login Window Application Started Jan 8 02:44:43 SecurityAgent228: CGSShutdownServerConnections: Detaching application from window server Jan 8 02:44:43 com.apple.ReportCrash.Root232: 2011-01-08 02:44:43.936 ReportCrash232:2903 Saved crash report for loginwindow218 version ??? (???) to /Library/Logs/DiagnosticReports/loginwindow_2011-01-08-024443_localhost.crash Jan 8 02:44:44 SecurityAgent228: MIG: server died: CGSReleaseShmem : Cannot release shared memory Jan 8 02:44:44 SecurityAgent228: kCGErrorFailure: Set a breakpoint @ CGErrorBreakpoint() to catch errors as they are logged. Jan 8 02:44:44 SecurityAgent228: CGSDisplayServerShutdown: Detaching display subsystem from window server Jan 8 02:44:44 SecurityAgent228: HIToolbox: received notification of WindowServer event port death. Jan 8 02:44:44 SecurityAgent228: port matched the WindowServer port created in BindCGSToRunLoop Jan 8 02:44:44 loginwindow233: Login Window Started Security Agent Jan 8 02:44:44 WindowServer234: kCGErrorFailure: Set a breakpoint @ CGErrorBreakpoint() to catch errors as they are logged. Jan 8 02:44:44 com.apple.WindowServer234: Sat Jan 8 02:44:44 .local WindowServer234 <Error>: kCGErrorFailure: Set a breakpoint @ CGErrorBreakpoint() to catch errors as they are logged. Jan 8 02:44:54 SecurityAgent243: NSSecureTextFieldCell detected a field editor ((null)) that is not a NSTextView subclass designed to work with the cell. Ignoring... Crash report Process: loginwindow 218 Path: /System/Library/CoreServices/loginwindow.app/Contents/MacOS/loginwindow Identifier: loginwindow Version: ??? (???) Code Type: X86-64 (Native) Parent Process: launchd [1] Date/Time: 2011-01-08 02:44:42.748 +0100 OS Version: Mac OS X 10.6.6 (10J567) Report Version: 6 Exception Type: EXC_BAD_ACCESS (SIGBUS) Exception Codes: 0x000000000000000a, 0x000000010075b000 Crashed Thread: 0 Dispatch queue: com.apple.main-thread Thread 0 Crashed: Dispatch queue: com.apple.main-thread 0 com.apple.security 0x00007fff801c6e8b Security::ReadSection::at(unsigned int) const + 25 1 com.apple.security 0x00007fff801c632f Security::DbVersion::open() + 123 2 com.apple.security 0x00007fff801c5e41 Security::DbVersion::DbVersion(Security::AppleDatabase const&, Security::RefPointer<Security::AtomicBufferedFile> const&) + 179 3 com.apple.security 0x00007fff801c594e Security::DbModifier::getDbVersion(bool) + 330 4 com.apple.security 0x00007fff801c57f5 Security::DbModifier::openDatabase() + 33 5 com.apple.security 0x00007fff801c5439 Security::Database::_dbOpen(Security::DatabaseSession&, unsigned int, Security::AccessCredentials const*, void const*) + 221 6 com.apple.security 0x00007fff801c4841 Security::DatabaseManager::dbOpen(Security::DatabaseSession&, Security::DbName const&, unsigned int, Security::AccessCredentials const*, void const*) + 77 7 com.apple.security 0x00007fff801c4723 Security::DatabaseSession::DbOpen(char const*, cssm_net_address const*, unsigned int, Security::AccessCredentials const*, void const*, long&) + 285 8 com.apple.security 0x00007fff801d8414 cssm_DbOpen(long, char const*, cssm_net_address const*, unsigned int, cssm_access_credentials const*, void const*, long*) + 108 9 com.apple.security 0x00007fff801d7fba CSSM_DL_DbOpen + 106 10 com.apple.security 0x00007fff801d62f6 Security::CssmClient::DbImpl::open() + 162 11 com.apple.security 0x00007fff801d8977 SSDatabaseImpl::open(Security::DLDbIdentifier const&) + 53 12 com.apple.security 0x00007fff801d8715 SSDLSession::DbOpen(char const*, cssm_net_address const*, unsigned int, Security::AccessCredentials const*, void const*, long&) + 263 13 com.apple.security 0x00007fff801d8414 cssm_DbOpen(long, char const*, cssm_net_address const*, unsigned int, cssm_access_credentials const*, void const*, long*) + 108 14 com.apple.security 0x00007fff801d7fba CSSM_DL_DbOpen + 106 15 com.apple.security 0x00007fff801d62f6 Security::CssmClient::DbImpl::open() + 162 16 com.apple.security 0x00007fff802fa786 Security::CssmClient::DbImpl::unlock(cssm_data const&) + 28 17 com.apple.security 0x00007fff80275b5d Security::KeychainCore::KeychainImpl::unlock(Security::CssmData const&) + 89 18 com.apple.security 0x00007fff80291a06 Security::KeychainCore::StorageManager::login(unsigned int, void const*, unsigned int, void const*) + 3336 19 com.apple.security 0x00007fff802854d3 SecKeychainLogin + 91 20 com.apple.loginwindow 0x000000010000dfc5 0x100000000 + 57285 21 com.apple.loginwindow 0x000000010000cfb4 0x100000000 + 53172 22 com.apple.Foundation 0x00007fff8721e44f __NSThreadPerformPerform + 219 23 com.apple.CoreFoundation 0x00007fff82627401 __CFRunLoopDoSources0 + 1361 24 com.apple.CoreFoundation 0x00007fff826255f9 __CFRunLoopRun + 873 25 com.apple.CoreFoundation 0x00007fff82624dbf CFRunLoopRunSpecific + 575 26 com.apple.HIToolbox 0x00007fff8444493a RunCurrentEventLoopInMode + 333 27 com.apple.HIToolbox 0x00007fff8444473f ReceiveNextEventCommon + 310 28 com.apple.HIToolbox 0x00007fff844445f8 BlockUntilNextEventMatchingListInMode + 59 29 com.apple.AppKit 0x00007fff80b01e64 _DPSNextEvent + 718 30 com.apple.AppKit 0x00007fff80b017a9 -NSApplication nextEventMatchingMask:untilDate:inMode:dequeue: + 155 31 com.apple.AppKit 0x00007fff80ac748b -NSApplication run + 395 32 com.apple.loginwindow 0x0000000100004b16 0x100000000 + 19222 33 com.apple.loginwindow 0x0000000100004580 0x100000000 + 17792 Thread 1: Dispatch queue: com.apple.libdispatch-manager 0 libSystem.B.dylib 0x00007fff8755216a kevent + 10 1 libSystem.B.dylib 0x00007fff8755403d _dispatch_mgr_invoke + 154 2 libSystem.B.dylib 0x00007fff87553d14 _dispatch_queue_invoke + 185 3 libSystem.B.dylib 0x00007fff8755383e _dispatch_worker_thread2 + 252 4 libSystem.B.dylib 0x00007fff87553168 _pthread_wqthread + 353 5 libSystem.B.dylib 0x00007fff87553005 start_wqthread + 13 Thread 0 crashed with X86 Thread State (64-bit): rax: 0x000000010075b000 rbx: 0x00007fff5fbfd990 rcx: 0x00007fff875439da rdx: 0x0000000000000000 rdi: 0x00007fff5fbfd990 rsi: 0x0000000000000000 rbp: 0x00007fff5fbfd5d0 rsp: 0x00007fff5fbfd5d0 r8: 0x0000000000000007 r9: 0x0000000000000000 r10: 0x00007fff8753beda r11: 0x0000000000000202 r12: 0x0000000100133e78 r13: 0x00007fff5fbfda50 r14: 0x00007fff5fbfda50 r15: 0x00007fff5fbfdaa0 rip: 0x00007fff801c6e8b rfl: 0x0000000000010287 cr2: 0x000000010075b000

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• Debian apt dependency mismatch (libc6)

  - by Sean Gordon

  Earlier, I tried to install package via apt-get (cython), but it failed with the Errors were encountered while processing: message, and since then, apt is refusing to install anything. apt-get check output below: root@dix:~# apt-get check Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done You might want to run 'apt-get -f install' to correct these. The following packages have unmet dependencies: libc6 : Depends: libc-bin (= 2.11.3-2) but 2.11.3-4 is installed libc6-dev : Depends: libc6 (= 2.11.3-4) but 2.11.3-2 is installed libc6-i386 : Depends: libc6 (= 2.11.3-4) but 2.11.3-2 is installed E: Unmet dependencies. Try using -f. Apt/aptitude don't seem to be able to fix this dependency issue, and I don't know what to do. Edit: Running apt-get -f install results in no change, and my sources are all squeeze. Running apt-get update then apt-get dist-upgrade show no change either. Edit 2: I went back to try this again in a new terminal and apt-get -f install gives this error: dpkg: error processing /var/cache/apt/archives/libc6_2.11.3-4_amd64.deb (--unpack): subprocess new pre-installation script killed by signal (Aborted) configured to not write apport reports Errors were encountered while processing: /var/cache/apt/archives/libc6_2.11.3-4_amd64.deb E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1) Edit 3: Using apt-get clean first, then the previous commands, results in the first error again. Using apt-get -f dist-upgrade gives the below. Reading package lists... Building dependency tree... Reading state information... Correcting dependencies... Done The following packages will be upgraded: apache2 apache2-mpm-prefork apache2-utils apache2.2-bin apache2.2-common at automake base-files bind9 bind9-doc bind9-host bind9utils debian-archive-keyring dnsutils dpkg-dev file host initscripts isc-dhcp-client isc-dhcp-common krb5-multidev libapr1 libbind9-60 libc6 libdns69 libdpkg-perl libexpat1 libexpat1-dev libgc1c2 libgssapi-krb5-2 libgssrpc4 libisc62 libisccc60 libisccfg62 libk5crypto3 libkadm5clnt-mit7 libkadm5srv-mit7 libkdb5-4 libkrb5-3 libkrb5-dev libkrb5support0 liblwres60 libmagic1 libmysqlclient16 libnss3-1d libssl-dev libssl0.9.8 libtiff4 libtiff4-dev libtiffxx0c2 libxi6 libxml2 linux-libc-dev lwresd mysql-client-5.1 mysql-common mysql-server mysql-server-5.1 mysql-server-core-5.1 openjdk-6-jre openjdk-6-jre-headless openjdk-6-jre-lib openssh-client openssh-server openssl procps python python-crypto python-minimal sudo sysv-rc sysvinit sysvinit-utils tzdata tzdata-java 75 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded. 5 not fully installed or removed. Need to get 0 B/79.9 MB of archives. After this operation, 1,411 kB of additional disk space will be used. (Reading database ... 52241 files and directories currently installed.) Preparing to replace libc6 2.11.3-2 (using .../libc6_2.11.3-4_amd64.deb) ... *** stack smashing detected ***: /usr/bin/perl terminated ======= Backtrace: ========= /lib/libc.so.6(__fortify_fail+0x37)[0x7fdaad9b9f87] /lib/libc.so.6(__fortify_fail+0x0)[0x7fdaad9b9f50] /usr/lib/libperl.so.5.10(Perl_yylex+0x5896)[0x7fdaae343346] [0x8e83a0] ======= Memory map: ======== 00400000-00402000 r-xp 00000000 08:01 525338 /usr/bin/perl 00601000-00602000 rw-p 00001000 08:01 525338 /usr/bin/perl 00602000-0091f000 rw-p 00000000 00:00 0 [heap] 7fdaaca54000-7fdaaca6a000 r-xp 00000000 08:01 393818 /lib/libgcc_s.so.1 7fdaaca6a000-7fdaacc69000 ---p 00016000 08:01 393818 /lib/libgcc_s.so.1 7fdaacc69000-7fdaacc6a000 rw-p 00015000 08:01 393818 /lib/libgcc_s.so.1 7fdaacc6a000-7fdaacc6f000 r-xp 00000000 08:01 524949 /usr/lib/perl5/auto/Locale/gettext/gettext.so 7fdaacc6f000-7fdaace6e000 ---p 00005000 08:01 524949 /usr/lib/perl5/auto/Locale/gettext/gettext.so 7fdaace6e000-7fdaace6f000 rw-p 00004000 08:01 524949 /usr/lib/perl5/auto/Locale/gettext/gettext.so 7fdaace6f000-7fdaace79000 r-xp 00000000 08:01 532753 /usr/lib/perl/5.10.1/auto/Encode/Encode.so 7fdaace79000-7fdaad078000 ---p 0000a000 08:01 532753 /usr/lib/perl/5.10.1/auto/Encode/Encode.so 7fdaad078000-7fdaad079000 rw-p 00009000 08:01 532753 /usr/lib/perl/5.10.1/auto/Encode/Encode.so 7fdaad079000-7fdaad07e000 r-xp 00000000 08:01 525444 /usr/lib/perl/5.10.1/auto/IO/IO.so 7fdaad07e000-7fdaad27d000 ---p 00005000 08:01 525444 /usr/lib/perl/5.10.1/auto/IO/IO.so 7fdaad27d000-7fdaad27e000 rw-p 00004000 08:01 525444 /usr/lib/perl/5.10.1/auto/IO/IO.so 7fdaad27e000-7fdaad299000 r-xp 00000000 08:01 525450 /usr/lib/perl/5.10.1/auto/POSIX/POSIX.so 7fdaad299000-7fdaad498000 ---p 0001b000 08:01 525450 /usr/lib/perl/5.10.1/auto/POSIX/POSIX.so 7fdaad498000-7fdaad49b000 rw-p 0001a000 08:01 525450 /usr/lib/perl/5.10.1/auto/POSIX/POSIX.so 7fdaad49b000-7fdaad49e000 r-xp 00000000 08:01 525436 /usr/lib/perl/5.10.1/auto/Fcntl/Fcntl.so 7fdaad49e000-7fdaad69e000 ---p 00003000 08:01 525436 /usr/lib/perl/5.10.1/auto/Fcntl/Fcntl.so 7fdaad69e000-7fdaad69f000 rw-p 00003000 08:01 525436 /usr/lib/perl/5.10.1/auto/Fcntl/Fcntl.so 7fdaad69f000-7fdaad6a7000 r-xp 00000000 08:01 393824 /lib/libcrypt-2.11.3.so 7fdaad6a7000-7fdaad8a6000 ---p 00008000 08:01 393824 /lib/libcrypt-2.11.3.so 7fdaad8a6000-7fdaad8a7000 r--p 00007000 08:01 393824 /lib/libcrypt-2.11.3.so 7fdaad8a7000-7fdaad8a8000 rw-p 00008000 08:01 393824 /lib/libcrypt-2.11.3.so 7fdaad8a8000-7fdaad8d6000 rw-p 00000000 00:00 0 7fdaad8d6000-7fdaada2f000 r-xp 00000000 08:01 393822 /lib/libc-2.11.3.so 7fdaada2f000-7fdaadc2e000 ---p 00159000 08:01 393822 /lib/libc-2.11.3.so 7fdaadc2e000-7fdaadc32000 r--p 00158000 08:01 393822 /lib/libc-2.11.3.so 7fdaadc32000-7fdaadc33000 rw-p 0015c000 08:01 393822 /lib/libc-2.11.3.so 7fdaadc33000-7fdaadc38000 rw-p 00000000 00:00 0 7fdaadc38000-7fdaadc4f000 r-xp 00000000 08:01 393248 /lib/libpthread-2.11.3.so 7fdaadc4f000-7fdaade4e000 ---p 00017000 08:01 393248 /lib/libpthread-2.11.3.so 7fdaade4e000-7fdaade4f000 r--p 00016000 08:01 393248 /lib/libpthread-2.11.3.so 7fdaade4f000-7fdaade50000 rw-p 00017000 08:01 393248 /lib/libpthread-2.11.3.so 7fdaade50000-7fdaade54000 rw-p 00000000 00:00 0 7fdaade54000-7fdaaded4000 r-xp 00000000 08:01 393826 /lib/libm-2.11.3.so 7fdaaded4000-7fdaae0d4000 ---p 00080000 08:01 393826 /lib/libm-2.11.3.so 7fdaae0d4000-7fdaae0d5000 r--p 00080000 08:01 393826 /lib/libm-2.11.3.so 7fdaae0d5000-7fdaae0d6000 rw-p 00081000 08:01 393826 /lib/libm-2.11.3.so 7fdaae0d6000-7fdaae0d8000 r-xp 00000000 08:01 393825 /lib/libdl-2.11.3.so 7fdaae0d8000-7fdaae2d8000 ---p 00002000 08:01 393825 /lib/libdl-2.11.3.so 7fdaae2d8000-7fdaae2d9000 r--p 00002000 08:01 393825 /lib/libdl-2.11.3.so 7fdaae2d9000-7fdaae2da000 rw-p 00003000 08:01 393825 /lib/libdl-2.11.3.so 7fdaae2da000-7fdaae43f000 r-xp 00000000 08:01 525387 /usr/lib/libperl.so.5.10.1 7fdaae43f000-7fdaae63e000 ---p 00165000 08:01 525387 /usr/lib/libperl.so.5.10.1 7fdaae63e000-7fdaae647000 rw-p 00164000 08:01 525387 /usr/lib/libperl.so.5.10.1 7fdaae647000-7fdaae665000 r-xp 00000000 08:01 393819 /lib/ld-2.11.3.so 7fdaae854000-7fdaae859000 rw-p 00000000 00:00 0 7fdaae862000-7fdaae864000 rw-p 00000000 00:00 0 7fdaae864000-7fdaae865000 r--p 0001d000 08:01 393819 /lib/ld-2.11.3.so 7fdaae865000-7fdaae866000 rw-p 0001e000 08:01 393819 /lib/ld-2.11.3.so 7fdaae866000-7fdaae867000 rw-p 00000000 00:00 0 7fff9616d000-7fff9618e000 rw-p 00000000 00:00 0 [stack] 7fff961ff000-7fff96200000 r-xp 00000000 00:00 0 [vdso] ffffffffff600000-ffffffffff601000 r--p 00000000 00:00 0 [vsyscall] dpkg: error processing /var/cache/apt/archives/libc6_2.11.3-4_amd64.deb (--unpack): subprocess new pre-installation script killed by signal (Aborted) Errors were encountered while processing: /var/cache/apt/archives/libc6_2.11.3-4_amd64.deb

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• Subscript out of range error in VBScript script

  - by user3912

  I'm trying to move my entire User folder in Windows Vista to a non-system partition. To do so with a minimum hassle I'm following the directions provided at Ben's Blog, specifically the VBScript he provides. However executing the script throws up an error which I can't resolve myself. Here's the VBScript code followed by the text file it works from, and finally my error message. How do I correct the problem? VBScript Code: '# Perform dir /a c:\users > c:\dir.txt '# place this script file in c:\ too '# double click to run it '# run resulting script.bat from recovery mode repprefix = " Directory of..." ' Modify to your language sourcedrive = "C:\" targetdrive = "D:\" altsourcedrive = "C:\" 'leave same as target drive unless otherwise indicated alttargetdrive = "E:\" 'leave same as target drive unless otherwise indicated inname = "dir.txt" outname = "script.bat" userroot = "Users" set fso = CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject") ' construct batch commands for saving rights, then link, the recreating rights Function GetCommand(curroot, line, typ, keyword) ' first need to get source and target pos = Instr(line, keyword) + Len(keyword) tuple = Trim(Mid(line, pos)) arr = Split(tuple, "[") oldtarget = Replace(arr(1), "]", "") oldlink = curroot & "\" & Trim(arr(0)) ' need to determine if we are pointing back to old disk newlink = replace(oldlink, sourcedrive, targetdrive) if(Instr(oldtarget, sourcedrive & userroot)) then newtarget = Replace(oldtarget, sourcedrive, targetdrive) else newtarget = oldtarget ' still pointing to original target end if ' comment out = "echo " & newlink & " --- " & newtarget & vbCrLf ' save permissions out = out & "icacls """ & replace(oldlink, sourcedrive, altsourcedrive) & """ /L /save " & altsourcedrive & "permissions.txt" & vbCrLf ' create link newlink = replace(newlink, targetdrive, alttargetdrive) if typ = "junction" then out = out & "mklink /j """ & newlink & """ """ & newtarget & """" & vbCrLf else ' typ = "symlink" out = out & "mklink /d """ & newlink & """ """ & newtarget & """" & vbCrLf end if 'set hidden attribute out = out & "attrib +h """ & newlink & """ /L" & vbCrLf ' apply permissions shortlink = Left(newlink, InstrRev(newlink, "\") - 1) 'icacls works strangely - non-orthogonal for restore out = out & "icacls """ & shortlink & """ /L /restore " & altsourcedrive & "permissions.txt" & vbCrLf GetCommand = out & vbCrLf End Function Sub WriteToFile(file, text) ForWriting = 2 Create = true set outfile = fso.OpenTextFile(file, ForWriting, Create) Call outfile.Write(text) Call outfile.Close() End Sub outtext = "ROBOCOPY " & altsourcedrive & userroot & " " & alttargetdrive & userroot & " /E /COPYALL /XJ" & vbCrLf & vbCrLf set intext = fso.OpenTextFile(inname) while not intext.AtEndOfStream line = intext.ReadLine() if Instr(line, repprefix) then curroot = Replace(line, repprefix, "") elseif Instr(line, juncname) then outtext = outtext & GetCommand(curroot, line, "junction", juncname) elseif Instr(line, linkname) then outtext = outtext & GetCommand(curroot, line, "symlink", linkname) end if Wend outtext = outtext & "icacls " & altsourcedrive & userroot & " /L /save " & altsourcedrive & "permissions.txt" & vbCrLf outtext = outtext & "ren " & altsourcedrive & userroot & " _" & userroot & vbCrLf outtext = outtext & "mklink /j " & altsourcedrive & userroot & " " & targetdrive & userroot & vbCrLf outtext = outtext & "icacls " & altsourcedrive & " /L /restore " & altsourcedrive & "permissions.txt" Call intext.Close() Call WriteToFile(outname, outtext) MsgBox("Done writing to " & outname) dir.txt: Volume in drive C is ACER Volume Serial Number is 08D7-C0CC Directory of c:\users 07/16/2009 12:29 PM {DIR} . 07/16/2009 12:29 PM {DIR} .. 11/02/2006 09:02 AM {SYMLINKD} All Users [C:\ProgramData] 11/02/2006 09:02 AM {DIR} Default 11/02/2006 09:02 AM {JUNCTION} Default User [C:\Users\Default] 08/21/2008 08:37 AM 174 desktop.ini 11/02/2006 08:50 AM {DIR} Public 07/19/2009 08:54 PM {DIR} Steve 1 File(s) 174 bytes 7 Dir(s) 5,679,947,776 bytes free Error Message: Windows Script Host Script: C:\user location.vbs Line: 25 Char: 2 Error: Subscript out of range: '[number: 1]' Code: 800A0009 Source: Microsoft VBScript runtime error (In the VBScript script that I'm using on my system, I believe that 'Line 25' corresponds to the line beginning with oldtarget = Replace(arr(1), "]", "").

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• Subscript out of range error in VBScript script

  - by SteveW

  I'm trying to move my entire User folder in Windows Vista to a non-system partition. To do so with a minimum hassle I'm following the directions provided at Ben's Blog, specifically the VBScript he provides. However executing the script throws up an error which I can't resolve myself. Here's the VBScript code followed by the text file it works from, and finally my error message. How do I correct the problem? VBScript Code: '# Perform dir /a c:\users > c:\dir.txt '# place this script file in c:\ too '# double click to run it '# run resulting script.bat from recovery mode repprefix = " Directory of..." ' Modify to your language sourcedrive = "C:\" targetdrive = "D:\" altsourcedrive = "C:\" 'leave same as target drive unless otherwise indicated alttargetdrive = "E:\" 'leave same as target drive unless otherwise indicated inname = "dir.txt" outname = "script.bat" userroot = "Users" set fso = CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject") ' construct batch commands for saving rights, then link, the recreating rights Function GetCommand(curroot, line, typ, keyword) ' first need to get source and target pos = Instr(line, keyword) + Len(keyword) tuple = Trim(Mid(line, pos)) arr = Split(tuple, "[") oldtarget = Replace(arr(1), "]", "") oldlink = curroot & "\" & Trim(arr(0)) ' need to determine if we are pointing back to old disk newlink = replace(oldlink, sourcedrive, targetdrive) if(Instr(oldtarget, sourcedrive & userroot)) then newtarget = Replace(oldtarget, sourcedrive, targetdrive) else newtarget = oldtarget ' still pointing to original target end if ' comment out = "echo " & newlink & " --- " & newtarget & vbCrLf ' save permissions out = out & "icacls """ & replace(oldlink, sourcedrive, altsourcedrive) & """ /L /save " & altsourcedrive & "permissions.txt" & vbCrLf ' create link newlink = replace(newlink, targetdrive, alttargetdrive) if typ = "junction" then out = out & "mklink /j """ & newlink & """ """ & newtarget & """" & vbCrLf else ' typ = "symlink" out = out & "mklink /d """ & newlink & """ """ & newtarget & """" & vbCrLf end if 'set hidden attribute out = out & "attrib +h """ & newlink & """ /L" & vbCrLf ' apply permissions shortlink = Left(newlink, InstrRev(newlink, "\") - 1) 'icacls works strangely - non-orthogonal for restore out = out & "icacls """ & shortlink & """ /L /restore " & altsourcedrive & "permissions.txt" & vbCrLf GetCommand = out & vbCrLf End Function Sub WriteToFile(file, text) ForWriting = 2 Create = true set outfile = fso.OpenTextFile(file, ForWriting, Create) Call outfile.Write(text) Call outfile.Close() End Sub outtext = "ROBOCOPY " & altsourcedrive & userroot & " " & alttargetdrive & userroot & " /E /COPYALL /XJ" & vbCrLf & vbCrLf set intext = fso.OpenTextFile(inname) while not intext.AtEndOfStream line = intext.ReadLine() if Instr(line, repprefix) then curroot = Replace(line, repprefix, "") elseif Instr(line, juncname) then outtext = outtext & GetCommand(curroot, line, "junction", juncname) elseif Instr(line, linkname) then outtext = outtext & GetCommand(curroot, line, "symlink", linkname) end if Wend outtext = outtext & "icacls " & altsourcedrive & userroot & " /L /save " & altsourcedrive & "permissions.txt" & vbCrLf outtext = outtext & "ren " & altsourcedrive & userroot & " _" & userroot & vbCrLf outtext = outtext & "mklink /j " & altsourcedrive & userroot & " " & targetdrive & userroot & vbCrLf outtext = outtext & "icacls " & altsourcedrive & " /L /restore " & altsourcedrive & "permissions.txt" Call intext.Close() Call WriteToFile(outname, outtext) MsgBox("Done writing to " & outname) dir.txt: Volume in drive C is ACER Volume Serial Number is 08D7-C0CC Directory of c:\users 07/16/2009 12:29 PM {DIR} . 07/16/2009 12:29 PM {DIR} .. 11/02/2006 09:02 AM {SYMLINKD} All Users [C:\ProgramData] 11/02/2006 09:02 AM {DIR} Default 11/02/2006 09:02 AM {JUNCTION} Default User [C:\Users\Default] 08/21/2008 08:37 AM 174 desktop.ini 11/02/2006 08:50 AM {DIR} Public 07/19/2009 08:54 PM {DIR} Steve 1 File(s) 174 bytes 7 Dir(s) 5,679,947,776 bytes free Error Message: Windows Script Host Script: C:\user location.vbs Line: 25 Char: 2 Error: Subscript out of range: '[number: 1]' Code: 800A0009 Source: Microsoft VBScript runtime error (In the VBScript script that I'm using on my system, I believe that 'Line 25' corresponds to the line beginning with oldtarget = Replace(arr(1), "]", "").

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• Strategy for using snapshots to back up Ubuntu Linux server?

  - by MountainX

  I need some backup advice for my home file server. Here are the mount points, volume groups, logical volumes and used/total space of all the volumes on my Ubuntu 8.10 home file server. / vgA/lvRoot [7.5G/50G] /tmp vgB/lvTmp [195M/30G] /var vgB/lvVar [780M/30G] swap vgB/lvSwap [16.00 GB] /media1 vgC/lvMedia1 [400G/975G] /media2 vgC/lvMedia2 [75G/295G] /boot partition (no volume group) [95M/200M] /video partition (no volume group) [450G/950G] /backups vgD/lvBackupTarget [800G/925G] /home vgE/lvHome [85G/200G] I have just added a 2.0 TB external USB drive that I would like to use to backup everything. (It will be a close fit to get it all on one 2.0 TB drive. I actually have a 2nd external USB drive if needed.) I'd like to backup "/", var, /media1, media2 and /home. I'll deal with /boot and /video separately since they are not logical volumes. For all the logical volumes I'm anticipating taking snapshots and then copying those snapshots to the 2.0 TB external USB drive. I have never done a task like that before. If I do that, I could use the tutorial I found here: http://www.howtoforge.com/linux_lvm_snapshots My questions are: What is the best overall strategy? Is it LVM snapshots, as I'm assuming? How should I prepare, subdivide and mount the 2.0 TB external USB drive? 2.a. Should I create one or more regular partitions or should I create a physical volume with one or more logical volumes? 2.b. Would it be advisable to extactly mirror the source pv/lv layout on the external drive, and if so, is this a good strategy? What's the best way to get the snapshots onto the external drive? dd? Even though this is a strategy question, feedback with actual commands is appreciated. I need step-by-step cookbook-style help because I don't do much server admin work. (Background: This is a home file server that I have rarely had to touch in about 2 years. It has done its job without much intervention. The really old PC that I used to back everything up recently failed, so I'm replacing that with the external USB drive(s) and I'd like to upgrade my backup strategy at the same time. Previously, I just copied stuff from /backups over to the other computer and that would not have made things very easy in a real restore situation. The /backups mount point contains backup copies of "most" of the important data on a file by file basis, but it does not contain copies of /boot, etc. BTW, the actual internal HDD that holds /backups is separate from the other storage devices.) EDIT: I'll propose a strategy... The idea came from a comment here: LVM mirroring VS RAID1 "LVM mirrors are for replication of a logical volume to a different physical volume. It's essentially meant to "move the data to a different disk". The mirror is then broken..." That would fit my requirements well. Here is an ideal situation: establish the LV mirror on the external drive break the link with the mirror create a (persistent) snapshot on the mirror after a week, resync the mirror with the original source and update the mirror break the link and create another snapshot on the mirror. Obviously, the mirror will be like a weekly full backup. And the snapshots on the mirror will represent earlier points in time. If this would work and if it would be time efficient, it would give a nice full & differential type backup on the external drive based on LVM. I have not heard of a strategy like this before. Will it work? Could it be scripted? Thoughts? EDIT 2: Creating Portable DiskSafes With LoopbackFS And LVM Snapshots This article seems intriguing: http://www.howtoforge.com/creating-portable-disksafes-with-loopbackfs-and-lvm-snapshots Unfortunately, I don't understand exactly how to map those ideas to the strategy I'm proposing above. I'm going to ask this last bit as a separate question. I will leave my original question in place because I still desire feedback on the overall best strategy. At this moment I'm assuming it is LVM mirroring in the style of "Creating Portable DiskSafes with LVM Snapshots" but that might be wrong.

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• How does one get rid of fishy behavior in Windows?

  - by Tom Wijsman

  After I had boot my computer this morning there suddenly flooded water from the top of the screen, after which some fishes dropped into it. Now I can barely see what I am doing because the water distorts the view. Sometimes the fish follow the cursor so I need to move it away or wait for the fish to mind their own business. This makes it very annoying to use my system. What have I tried? Reboot the system. This caused the water to deplete from the desktop. Upon reboot, the screen was refilled with water and fishes. Attach another monitor. Same problem, fills that monitor as well and gives me extra fish. Clicking the fish. Makes them turn direction. Right clicking the fish. Changes color of the fish, not really useful. I'm locked out of changing the background or screen saver settings. Hence, I had to post the lady below... Safe mode doesn't save me from the fishes. It does give me another background there, but I can't screenshot easily. Other user accounts experience this as well. The Guest account seems to experience more fish than the other accounts. Using HijackThis, OTL Timekeeper List, Syninternal Autoruns, RootKitRevealer, ShellExView and similar tools I can't seem to find any entries that could be it, the Sysinternals tools show everything as verified. I'm suspecting this to be a driver problem. Randomly removing drivers doesn't seem to alleviate the problem. When removing the Graphics Drivers, it makes my screen black. While that could be considered the solution, it's not what I want. Changing the time / date settings does also not seem to affect the fishes. Changing the time a few years in the future, I would have expected the fishes to be dead. But, the same fishes are still there... They simply won't die! Tried to get used to them. They are really bothering me, looks like they require food. I don't know how to give them food, but apparently they get it elsewhere during reboot... Tried to disable my mouse pointer and use the keyboard. This works, they now swim around more randomly. They do put their attention to huge changes on the screen, so I need to type slow. Or otherwise I can't see what I'm tying exactly. Hold my laptop upside down. This seems to affect the water and fishes, but the water stays in the screen. They seem super resistant against water sickness and confusion though... What does the problem look like? What do I need? A way to get rid of these fishes on my screen forever, they are really annoying me a lot and I'm about to crack the screen to see if that makes them escape. Do you have any idea why this problem is occurring? What are my considerations? Buying an USB fish tank could make the fish leave the screen, I am uncertain though whether the fish could leave the screen through the USB cable. Using the FISh (programming language) which seems to provide EXPRESSIVE POWER and EFFICIENT EXECUTION, I can however not find any examples on how to remove fish. What are my Specifications? I'm using a Sony Vaio Fishy laptop. Sony VAIO VGN-Fishy, VAIO. Processor: 1337 MHz, Intel Core 2 Duo, T5432, 1 MB, Intel PM965 Express, 667 MHz. Memory: 1024 MB, DDR2-SDRAM, 667 MHz, 2 x 1024 MB, 4 GB. Disk Drive: 50 GB, Serial ATA, 5400 RPM. Storage Media: Memory Stick™, Memory Stick PRO™. Display: 15.4 ", 1280 x 800 pixels, LCD. Video: GeForce 8400M GT, 128 MB. Optical Drive: DVD±R/RW DL, 24 x, 24 x, 24 x, 6 x, 4 x, 6 x, 4 x, 5 x, 5 x, 8 x, 8 x, 8 x, 8 x, 6 x, 6 x, 24 x, 24 x, 24 x, 16 x. Camera: 1.3 MP, 30 fps. Networking: 2.0+EDR. Keyboard: Touchpad, AZERTY. Operating System/Software: Windows Vista Home Premium. Security: Kensington. Weight & Dimensions: 98.8 oz (2800 g), 14 " (355.8 mm), 10 " (254.4 mm), 0.98 " (24.9 mm). Other features: 100 BASE-TX/10 BASE-T, 802.11a/b/g/n/Draft n, V92/V.90, fishes. Plz! Help me...

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• Skipping scheduled self-tests and predicting drive EOL

  - by Steve Madsen

  For a few weeks now, smartd has been reporting that it is skipping some of its scheduled self-tests on the weekends: Apr 24 18:29:32 calvin smartd[4758]: Device: /dev/sda, skip scheduled Offline Immediate Test; 40% remaining of current Self-Test. Apr 24 18:29:33 calvin smartd[4758]: Device: /dev/sdb, skip scheduled Offline Immediate Test; 50% remaining of current Self-Test. The drives in this RAID-1 array are set to run an offline test four times a day, a short self-test at 2am every day, and a long self-test on Saturdays at 2am. For some reason, it looks like the long self-test is taking longer, causing the other scheduled tests to be skipped. First question: is this a sign of likely drive failure? Then today, smartd reported that a self-test failed. Here is the output of smartctl -a /dev/sdb: smartctl version 5.38 [i686-pc-linux-gnu] Copyright (C) 2002-8 Bruce Allen Home page is http://smartmontools.sourceforge.net/ === START OF INFORMATION SECTION === Model Family: Seagate Barracuda 7200.8 family Device Model: ST3250823AS Serial Number: 3ND1GNBC Firmware Version: 3.03 User Capacity: 250,059,350,016 bytes Device is: In smartctl database [for details use: -P show] ATA Version is: 7 ATA Standard is: Exact ATA specification draft version not indicated Local Time is: Sun Apr 25 13:15:34 2010 EDT SMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability. SMART support is: Enabled === START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION === SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: PASSED General SMART Values: Offline data collection status: (0x82) Offline data collection activity was completed without error. Auto Offline Data Collection: Enabled. Self-test execution status: ( 0) The previous self-test routine completed without error or no self-test has ever been run. Total time to complete Offline data collection: ( 430) seconds. Offline data collection capabilities: (0x5b) SMART execute Offline immediate. Auto Offline data collection on/off support. Suspend Offline collection upon new command. Offline surface scan supported. Self-test supported. No Conveyance Self-test supported. Selective Self-test supported. SMART capabilities: (0x0003) Saves SMART data before entering power-saving mode. Supports SMART auto save timer. Error logging capability: (0x01) Error logging supported. General Purpose Logging supported. Short self-test routine recommended polling time: ( 1) minutes. Extended self-test routine recommended polling time: ( 84) minutes. SMART Attributes Data Structure revision number: 10 Vendor Specific SMART Attributes with Thresholds: ID# ATTRIBUTE_NAME FLAG VALUE WORST THRESH TYPE UPDATED WHEN_FAILED RAW_VALUE 1 Raw_Read_Error_Rate 0x000f 047 039 006 Pre-fail Always - 168450357 3 Spin_Up_Time 0x0003 098 098 000 Pre-fail Always - 0 4 Start_Stop_Count 0x0032 100 100 020 Old_age Always - 33 5 Reallocated_Sector_Ct 0x0033 100 100 036 Pre-fail Always - 9 7 Seek_Error_Rate 0x000f 087 060 030 Pre-fail Always - 654745480 9 Power_On_Hours 0x0032 055 055 000 Old_age Always - 40141 10 Spin_Retry_Count 0x0013 100 100 097 Pre-fail Always - 0 12 Power_Cycle_Count 0x0032 100 100 020 Old_age Always - 51 194 Temperature_Celsius 0x0022 037 062 000 Old_age Always - 37 (0 17 0 0) 195 Hardware_ECC_Recovered 0x001a 047 039 000 Old_age Always - 168450357 197 Current_Pending_Sector 0x0012 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0 198 Offline_Uncorrectable 0x0010 100 100 000 Old_age Offline - 0 199 UDMA_CRC_Error_Count 0x003e 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 0 200 Multi_Zone_Error_Rate 0x0000 100 253 000 Old_age Offline - 0 202 TA_Increase_Count 0x0032 100 253 000 Old_age Always - 0 SMART Error Log Version: 1 No Errors Logged SMART Self-test log structure revision number 1 Num Test_Description Status Remaining LifeTime(hours) LBA_of_first_error # 1 Short offline Completed without error 00% 40131 - # 2 Extended offline Completed: read failure 30% 40129 379795511 # 3 Short offline Completed without error 00% 40084 - # 4 Short offline Completed without error 00% 40060 - # 5 Short offline Completed without error 00% 40036 - # 6 Short offline Completed without error 00% 40013 - # 7 Short offline Completed without error 00% 39990 - # 8 Extended offline Completed without error 00% 39977 - # 9 Short offline Completed without error 00% 39919 - #10 Short offline Completed without error 00% 39895 - #11 Short offline Completed without error 00% 39872 - #12 Short offline Completed without error 00% 39848 - #13 Short offline Completed without error 00% 39824 - #14 Short offline Completed without error 00% 39801 - #15 Extended offline Completed without error 00% 39789 - #16 Short offline Completed without error 00% 39754 - #17 Short offline Completed without error 00% 39732 - #18 Short offline Completed without error 00% 39707 - #19 Short offline Completed without error 00% 39683 - #20 Short offline Completed without error 00% 39660 - #21 Short offline Completed without error 00% 39636 - SMART Selective self-test log data structure revision number 1 SPAN MIN_LBA MAX_LBA CURRENT_TEST_STATUS 1 0 0 Not_testing 2 0 0 Not_testing 3 0 0 Not_testing 4 0 0 Not_testing 5 0 0 Not_testing Selective self-test flags (0x0): After scanning selected spans, do NOT read-scan remainder of disk. If Selective self-test is pending on power-up, resume after 0 minute delay. Given that this drive is about 4.5 years old, I am probably tempting fate by keeping it in service. SMART doesn't seem to get much respect as a reliable way to predict drive failure. What else can I use to get an early indication of drive failure?

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• Problem installing Ubuntu 10.04 64 bit side by side with Vista by using a bootable USB drive. What n

  - by Adam Siddhi

  What happened I decided to install Ubuntu 10.04 64 bit side by side with Vista Home Premium (I guess on another partition) with a USB stick. I found instructions on how to do this here: https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Installation/FromUSBStick To create the bootable USB drive I had to download a program called Unetbootin. That process was simple enough. All I had to do was just choose the disk image option, select the ubuntu-10.04-desktop-amd64.iso image, make sure it recognizes my USB drive and then press OK. It takes only like a few minutes to create a working bootable USB drive. Then I have to restart my computer, enter the BIOS, select my USB drive as the first boot drive, save options and continue with booting up. After this Ubuntu actually loads up. I think this is known as the Live version of Ubuntu so you can try it out before fully installing it. Any ways, on the Ubuntu 10.04 desktop I saw an installer. I click it and begin the installation process. Just so you know, I tried installing it 2 times. I will explain what happened each time: The first time I tried installing Ubuntu 10.04 I got stuck at step 4 of 7. I remember selecting the last option in the window which was Specify Partitions Manually (Advanced) I made my partition for Ubuntu like 52 gigs. I clicked forward and a little pop up window appeared saying Please Wait. So the installation process stalled on this window so I closed out of it and quit the installation process. So at this point I was worried because I had already selected the partition size and assumed it started making it. Since it stalled I had to quit out though. Anyways, once again I reached step 4 of 7 a decided to select the first option which is Install them side by side choosing between them each startup. I figured this was the safe way to go. I did that and the pop up window saying Please Wait popped up again but lasted only like 10 seconds. Then I got to I guess step 6 where it asks you to enter your desired name and password. Did that and clicked forward. The Ubuntu 10.04 installation load screen appeared and the loading bar at the bottom started filling up. So I got to 83% and stalled during the Importing other profile information (I think it was called this. I had the option to do this during I think step 6) process. So at this point I decided to get stop the installation process. I was getting very nervous. I tried to restart the computer but all that happened was that Ubuntu restarted. I finally got the computer to restart. I was pretty sure I had screwed something up big time by this point. As my computer was restarting I entered BIOS again and switched back to it booting from my main hard drive containing Vista. Saved it and continued the boot process. My worst fears were confirmed as Vista would not boot up. I mean I saw the little Microsoft Windows choppy animated green loading bar at the bottom of the screen and then boom! It decided to restart. When it restarted I had the option to run a memory test check to see if there was anything that needed to be repaired. That took like 20 minutes and at the end I saw that I did indeed have to repair something. I had to go through 2 repair processes. After each I had to restart the computer. The 2nd time it went through the repair process it said that it could not fully repair the damage. I was scared and restarted but Vista did load up. I got to my desktop and saw a message saying something like Repairs have been made, Please restart for changes to take effect I noticed that some Notification icons were missing and I could not hear volume in a video. Things were a bit funky. So I did restart and here I am. Now what?! So since I got back into Vista and thankfully have a working Internet connection I am trying to find answers to my problem (that is why I am writing this post). I am scared that I have partioned my hard drive 2 times after researching Installing Ubuntu 10.04 and seeing this post http://techie-buzz.com/foss/ubuntu-10-04-lts-installation-guide.html The author shows screen shots of installing Ubuntu 10.04. He shows the image of step 4 of 7 with a caption at the bottom. I will recreate it below: Select a partitioning option. Unless you want to format all the hard drive and install Ubuntu afresh, select the last option and proceed. Questions If I have indeed partitioned my HD 2 times (which I am sure it is), how do I get to a point where I can see all my bad, unfinished Ubuntu partitions and get rid of them? How do I clean this big mess up? & How can I ensure that this mess will not happen next time I try installing Ubuntu 10.04? Thank you Adam

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• Why does Process Explorer cause highly targeted failure of some applications / basic UI functions in a high-power EC2 Windows instance?

  - by Dan Nissenbaum

  Update: I have determined that Process Explorer itself - the program I am using to debug a performance issue - seems to be the cause of the issue. See note, with updated question, at end. I am running a high-power (cc2.8xlarge) Amazon AWS EC2 Windows instance off of a boot EBS volume, provisioned at 2500 PIOPS, which was created from a snapshot of a previous boot volume. My purpose with the instance is to use it as a development workstation with many developer tools installed, such as Visual Studio, a local XAMPP stack, etc. I have upwards of 40 programs installed on the machine. The usability of the instance as a development machine often works quite well. The RDP lag is adequately small. I have used it for hours on end without problems for some of my most intense development tasks. As a result, I have just purchased a reserved instance, and I opted to rebuild my development machine starting from scratch with a Windows Server 2012 AMI. After having installed all of my desired/required applications for development over this past week, again the machine seems to often work well and I have worked for up to an hour at a time without problems doing heavy development work. However, I continue to run into catastrophic OS usability issues that may prevent me from being able to rely on this machine as a development machine. I would like to track down the source of the problem, if there is an easily identifiable source. (Update: I have tracked down the source to be Process Explorer, the very program I was using to debug the problem. See update at end.) The issues are as follows. (These are some primary examples) Some applications, after a period of adequate responsiveness, suddenly begin to respond very, very slowly to basic user interface actions such as clicking on menus and pressing Ctrl-Tab to switch between open documents. Two examples are UltraEdit and PhpEd. It typically takes ~2 seconds for a menu to appear, and ~4 seconds to switch between open documents. Additionally, insertion point motion in the editor is lagged by upwards of ~2 seconds. Process Explorer, which I am using to help debug the problem, seems to run acceptably for a couple of minutes, but on multiple occasions Process Explorer itself hangs completely. It hangs at the same time as the problems noted above. When it hangs, it is 100% unresponsive. Clicking on its taskbar icon neither causes it to come to the top or go behind, and its viewable area is filled with nothing but a region partially containing pure white and partially containing incomplete windows widgets that are unreadable, and that never change. Waiting 10 minutes does not clear the problem. Attempting to force-quit Process Explorer by right-clicking on its taskbar icon and choosing "Close Window" takes about 5 full minutes to exit (Process Explorer itself can't be used to exit Process Explorer, and it is registered as a Task Manager substitute). Other programs work just fine during this time. For example, Chrome tabs flip very quickly back and forth, menus pop open instantly, web pages load quickly, and typing in forms/web applications inside the browser works promptly. Another example of an application that works crisply is Filemaker - its menus open instantly, and switching views in this application occurs promptly. Other applications also work without issue. Also, switching between applications occurs promptly as well. It is only a handful of applications that exhibit the problem, with some primary examples given above. At first I thought that EBS IOPS might be a problem. Therefore, I ran Performance Monitor, and watched the "Disk Transfers/sec" monitor in real time. At no point did this measure come anywhere close to hitting the 2500 PIOPS provisioned for the EBS volume. The RAM was also well under the limit (~10 GB used out of 60 GB). I did notice that one CPU core (out of 32 logical cores) was fully thrashing at 100% (i.e., ~3.1%) during the problematic periods. This seems to indicate that a single CPU core is handling the menus / flipping between open documents (for some applications only) / managing the Process Explorer user interface, and that this single core was hosed for some reason during the problematic periods. Also note that I have a desktop workstation (Windows 7) that I also use as a development machine, via a remote connection, with a nearly identical set of programs installed, and this desktop workstation does not exhibit any of the problems I've discussed above. I have been using it heavily for well over a year now. Any suggestions regarding either the source of the problem, or steps I might take to investigate the source of the problem, would be appreciated. Thanks. Note: After extensive testing & investigation, I have noticed that when I quit Process Explorer, the problem vanishes and the system performance returns to normal, and then reappears quickly when I run Process Explorer again (note: again, the performance problems only appear for a subset of applications - other applications work perfectly fine during the same period). My question is therefore (thankfully) more specific: Why does Process Explorer cause highly targeted failure of some applications (including itself) and basic UI functions, in a high-power EC2 Windows instance?

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• My linux server takes more than an hour to boot. Suggestions?

  - by jamieb

  I am building a CentOS 5.4 system that boots off a compact flash card using a card reader that emulates an IDE drive. It literally takes about an hour to boot. The ultra-slow part occurs when Grub is loading the kernel. Once that's done, the rest of the boot process only takes about a minute to get to a login prompt. Does anyone have any suggestions? I suspect that it may have to do with UDMA. Everything IDE-related in my BIOS seems to checkout. The read performance hdparm is telling me 1.77 MB/s. Ouch! (But even at that rate, it still shouldn't take an hour to decompress and load the kernel) [root@server ~]# hdparm -tT /dev/hdc /dev/hdc: Timing cached reads: 2444 MB in 2.00 seconds = 1222.04 MB/sec Timing buffered disk reads: 6 MB in 3.39 seconds = 1.77 MB/sec Trying to enable DMA is a no-go though: [root@server ~]# hdparm -d1 /dev/hdc /dev/hdc: setting using_dma to 1 (on) HDIO_SET_DMA failed: Operation not permitted using_dma = 0 (off) Here's some command outputs that might help: System [root@server ~]# uname -a Linux server.localdomain 2.6.18-164.el5xen #1 SMP Thu Sep 3 04:47:32 EDT 2009 i686 i686 i386 GNU/Linux PCI info: [root@server ~]# lspci -v 00:00.0 Host bridge: Intel Corporation 82945G/GZ/P/PL Memory Controller Hub (rev 02) Subsystem: Intel Corporation 82945G/GZ/P/PL Memory Controller Hub Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0 Capabilities: [e0] Vendor Specific Information 00:02.0 VGA compatible controller: Intel Corporation 82945G/GZ Integrated Graphics Controller (rev 02) (prog-if 00 [VGA controller]) Subsystem: Intel Corporation 82945G/GZ Integrated Graphics Controller Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0, IRQ 10 Memory at fdf00000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=512K] I/O ports at ff00 [size=8] Memory at d0000000 (32-bit, prefetchable) [size=256M] Memory at fdf80000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=256K] Capabilities: [90] Message Signalled Interrupts: 64bit- Queue=0/0 Enable- Capabilities: [d0] Power Management version 2 00:1d.0 USB Controller: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) USB UHCI Controller #1 (rev 01) (prog-if 00 [UHCI]) Subsystem: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) USB UHCI Controller #1 Flags: bus master, medium devsel, latency 0, IRQ 16 I/O ports at fe00 [size=32] 00:1d.1 USB Controller: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) USB UHCI Controller #2 (rev 01) (prog-if 00 [UHCI]) Subsystem: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) USB UHCI Controller #2 Flags: bus master, medium devsel, latency 0, IRQ 17 I/O ports at fd00 [size=32] 00:1d.2 USB Controller: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) USB UHCI Controller #3 (rev 01) (prog-if 00 [UHCI]) Subsystem: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) USB UHCI Controller #3 Flags: bus master, medium devsel, latency 0, IRQ 18 I/O ports at fc00 [size=32] 00:1d.3 USB Controller: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) USB UHCI Controller #4 (rev 01) (prog-if 00 [UHCI]) Subsystem: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) USB UHCI Controller #4 Flags: bus master, medium devsel, latency 0, IRQ 19 I/O ports at fb00 [size=32] 00:1d.7 USB Controller: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) USB2 EHCI Controller (rev 01) (prog-if 20 [EHCI]) Subsystem: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) USB2 EHCI Controller Flags: bus master, medium devsel, latency 0, IRQ 16 Memory at fdfff000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=1K] Capabilities: [50] Power Management version 2 Capabilities: [58] Debug port 00:1e.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 82801 PCI Bridge (rev e1) (prog-if 01 [Subtractive decode]) Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0 Bus: primary=00, secondary=01, subordinate=01, sec-latency=32 I/O behind bridge: 0000d000-0000dfff Memory behind bridge: fde00000-fdefffff Prefetchable memory behind bridge: 00000000fdd00000-00000000fdd00000 Capabilities: [50] #0d [0000] 00:1f.0 ISA bridge: Intel Corporation 82801GB/GR (ICH7 Family) LPC Interface Bridge (rev 01) Subsystem: Intel Corporation 82801GB/GR (ICH7 Family) LPC Interface Bridge Flags: bus master, medium devsel, latency 0 Capabilities: [e0] Vendor Specific Information 00:1f.2 IDE interface: Intel Corporation 82801GB/GR/GH (ICH7 Family) SATA IDE Controller (rev 01) (prog-if 80 [Master]) Subsystem: Intel Corporation 82801GB/GR/GH (ICH7 Family) SATA IDE Controller Flags: bus master, 66MHz, medium devsel, latency 0, IRQ 17 I/O ports at <unassigned> I/O ports at <unassigned> I/O ports at <unassigned> I/O ports at <unassigned> I/O ports at f800 [size=16] Capabilities: [70] Power Management version 2 00:1f.3 SMBus: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) SMBus Controller (rev 01) Subsystem: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) SMBus Controller Flags: medium devsel, IRQ 17 I/O ports at 0500 [size=32] 01:04.0 Ethernet controller: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL-8139/8139C/8139C+ (rev 10) Subsystem: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL-8139/8139C/8139C+ Flags: bus master, medium devsel, latency 32, IRQ 18 I/O ports at de00 [size=256] Memory at fdeff000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=256] Capabilities: [50] Power Management version 2 01:06.0 Ethernet controller: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL-8139/8139C/8139C+ (rev 10) Subsystem: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL-8139/8139C/8139C+ Flags: bus master, medium devsel, latency 32, IRQ 17 I/O ports at dc00 [size=256] Memory at fdefe000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=256] Capabilities: [50] Power Management version 2 01:07.0 Ethernet controller: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL-8139/8139C/8139C+ (rev 10) Subsystem: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL-8139/8139C/8139C+ Flags: bus master, medium devsel, latency 32, IRQ 19 I/O ports at da00 [size=256] Memory at fdefd000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=256] Capabilities: [50] Power Management version 2 hdparm ouput: [root@server ~]# hdparm /dev/hdc /dev/hdc: multcount = 0 (off) IO_support = 0 (default 16-bit) unmaskirq = 0 (off) using_dma = 0 (off) keepsettings = 0 (off) readonly = 0 (off) readahead = 256 (on) geometry = 8146/16/63, sectors = 8211168, start = 0 [root@server ~]# hdparm -I /dev/hdc /dev/hdc: ATA device, with non-removable media Model Number: InnoDisk Corp. - iCF4000 4GB Serial Number: 20091023AACA70000753 Firmware Revision: 081107 Standards: Supported: 5 Likely used: 6 Configuration: Logical max current cylinders 8146 8146 heads 16 16 sectors/track 63 63 -- CHS current addressable sectors: 8211168 LBA user addressable sectors: 8211168 device size with M = 1024*1024: 4009 MBytes device size with M = 1000*1000: 4204 MBytes (4 GB) Capabilities: LBA, IORDY(can be disabled) Standby timer values: spec'd by Vendor R/W multiple sector transfer: Max = 2 Current = 2 DMA: mdma0 mdma1 mdma2 udma0 udma1 *udma2 udma3 udma4 Cycle time: min=120ns recommended=120ns PIO: pio0 pio1 pio2 pio3 pio4 Cycle time: no flow control=120ns IORDY flow control=120ns Commands/features: Enabled Supported: * Power Management feature set * WRITE_BUFFER command * READ_BUFFER command * NOP cmd * CFA feature set * Mandatory FLUSH_CACHE HW reset results: CBLID- above Vih Device num = 0 CFA power mode 1: enabled and required by some commands Maximum current = 100ma Checksum: correct

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