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  • R: ggplot2, how to add a number of layers to a plot at once to reduce code

    - by John
    library(ggplot2) This code produces a nice looking plot: qplot(cty, hwy, data = mpg, colour = displ) + scale_y_log2() + labs(x="x axis") + labs(y="y axis") + opts(title = "my title") But I want to setup variables to try and to reduce code repetition: log_scale <- scale_y_log2() xscale <- labs(x="x axis") yscale <- labs(y="y axis") title <- opts(title = "my title") my_scales <- c(log_scale, xscale, yscale, title) # make a variable to hold the scale info changes above So that I can do this and add a bunch of things at the same time: qplot(cty, hwy, data = mpg, colour = displ) + my_scales # add these to your plot. but I get this error: Error in object$class : $ operator is invalid for atomic vectors I realize that the things going into my_scales need to be layers / different types of objects, but I don't see what they should be.

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  • Asp.net Website Performance Improvement Checklist

    - by Jordon
    Hello Friends, I have asp.net website name http://www.go4sharepoint.com I have tried almost all ways to improve performance of this site, I have even check firebug and page speed addon on Firefox, but somehow i am not pleased with the result. I also tried like removing whitespace, remove viewstate, optimizing code which renders it, applied GZip, I have also no heavy session variables used, but still when i compare with other popular websites it is not upto the mark. I have check CodeProject website and was surprise that even though they have lot of stuff displayed there website is loading fast and they also have good loading rate. To all experts, Please suggest me where i am going wrong in my development. Thank you.

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  • python- scipy optimization

    - by pear
    In scipy fmin_slsqp (Sequential Least Squares Quadratic Programming), I tried reading the code 'slsqp.py' provided with the scipy package, to find what are the criteria to get the exit_modes 0? I cannot find which statements in the code produce this exit mode? Please help me 'slsqp.py' code as follows, exit_modes = { -1 : "Gradient evaluation required (g & a)", 0 : "Optimization terminated successfully.", 1 : "Function evaluation required (f & c)", 2 : "More equality constraints than independent variables", 3 : "More than 3*n iterations in LSQ subproblem", 4 : "Inequality constraints incompatible", 5 : "Singular matrix E in LSQ subproblem", 6 : "Singular matrix C in LSQ subproblem", 7 : "Rank-deficient equality constraint subproblem HFTI", 8 : "Positive directional derivative for linesearch", 9 : "Iteration limit exceeded" } def fmin_slsqp( func, x0 , eqcons=[], f_eqcons=None, ieqcons=[], f_ieqcons=None, bounds = [], fprime = None, fprime_eqcons=None, fprime_ieqcons=None, args = (), iter = 100, acc = 1.0E-6, iprint = 1, full_output = 0, epsilon = _epsilon ): # Now do a lot of function wrapping # Wrap func feval, func = wrap_function(func, args) # Wrap fprime, if provided, or approx_fprime if not if fprime: geval, fprime = wrap_function(fprime,args) else: geval, fprime = wrap_function(approx_fprime,(func,epsilon)) if f_eqcons: # Equality constraints provided via f_eqcons ceval, f_eqcons = wrap_function(f_eqcons,args) if fprime_eqcons: # Wrap fprime_eqcons geval, fprime_eqcons = wrap_function(fprime_eqcons,args) else: # Wrap approx_jacobian geval, fprime_eqcons = wrap_function(approx_jacobian, (f_eqcons,epsilon)) else: # Equality constraints provided via eqcons[] eqcons_prime = [] for i in range(len(eqcons)): eqcons_prime.append(None) if eqcons[i]: # Wrap eqcons and eqcons_prime ceval, eqcons[i] = wrap_function(eqcons[i],args) geval, eqcons_prime[i] = wrap_function(approx_fprime, (eqcons[i],epsilon)) if f_ieqcons: # Inequality constraints provided via f_ieqcons ceval, f_ieqcons = wrap_function(f_ieqcons,args) if fprime_ieqcons: # Wrap fprime_ieqcons geval, fprime_ieqcons = wrap_function(fprime_ieqcons,args) else: # Wrap approx_jacobian geval, fprime_ieqcons = wrap_function(approx_jacobian, (f_ieqcons,epsilon)) else: # Inequality constraints provided via ieqcons[] ieqcons_prime = [] for i in range(len(ieqcons)): ieqcons_prime.append(None) if ieqcons[i]: # Wrap ieqcons and ieqcons_prime ceval, ieqcons[i] = wrap_function(ieqcons[i],args) geval, ieqcons_prime[i] = wrap_function(approx_fprime, (ieqcons[i],epsilon)) # Transform x0 into an array. x = asfarray(x0).flatten() # Set the parameters that SLSQP will need # meq = The number of equality constraints if f_eqcons: meq = len(f_eqcons(x)) else: meq = len(eqcons) if f_ieqcons: mieq = len(f_ieqcons(x)) else: mieq = len(ieqcons) # m = The total number of constraints m = meq + mieq # la = The number of constraints, or 1 if there are no constraints la = array([1,m]).max() # n = The number of independent variables n = len(x) # Define the workspaces for SLSQP n1 = n+1 mineq = m - meq + n1 + n1 len_w = (3*n1+m)*(n1+1)+(n1-meq+1)*(mineq+2) + 2*mineq+(n1+mineq)*(n1-meq) \ + 2*meq + n1 +(n+1)*n/2 + 2*m + 3*n + 3*n1 + 1 len_jw = mineq w = zeros(len_w) jw = zeros(len_jw) # Decompose bounds into xl and xu if len(bounds) == 0: bounds = [(-1.0E12, 1.0E12) for i in range(n)] elif len(bounds) != n: raise IndexError, \ 'SLSQP Error: If bounds is specified, len(bounds) == len(x0)' else: for i in range(len(bounds)): if bounds[i][0] > bounds[i][1]: raise ValueError, \ 'SLSQP Error: lb > ub in bounds[' + str(i) +'] ' + str(bounds[4]) xl = array( [ b[0] for b in bounds ] ) xu = array( [ b[1] for b in bounds ] ) # Initialize the iteration counter and the mode value mode = array(0,int) acc = array(acc,float) majiter = array(iter,int) majiter_prev = 0 # Print the header if iprint >= 2 if iprint >= 2: print "%5s %5s %16s %16s" % ("NIT","FC","OBJFUN","GNORM") while 1: if mode == 0 or mode == 1: # objective and constraint evaluation requird # Compute objective function fx = func(x) # Compute the constraints if f_eqcons: c_eq = f_eqcons(x) else: c_eq = array([ eqcons[i](x) for i in range(meq) ]) if f_ieqcons: c_ieq = f_ieqcons(x) else: c_ieq = array([ ieqcons[i](x) for i in range(len(ieqcons)) ]) # Now combine c_eq and c_ieq into a single matrix if m == 0: # no constraints c = zeros([la]) else: # constraints exist if meq > 0 and mieq == 0: # only equality constraints c = c_eq if meq == 0 and mieq > 0: # only inequality constraints c = c_ieq if meq > 0 and mieq > 0: # both equality and inequality constraints exist c = append(c_eq, c_ieq) if mode == 0 or mode == -1: # gradient evaluation required # Compute the derivatives of the objective function # For some reason SLSQP wants g dimensioned to n+1 g = append(fprime(x),0.0) # Compute the normals of the constraints if fprime_eqcons: a_eq = fprime_eqcons(x) else: a_eq = zeros([meq,n]) for i in range(meq): a_eq[i] = eqcons_prime[i](x) if fprime_ieqcons: a_ieq = fprime_ieqcons(x) else: a_ieq = zeros([mieq,n]) for i in range(mieq): a_ieq[i] = ieqcons_prime[i](x) # Now combine a_eq and a_ieq into a single a matrix if m == 0: # no constraints a = zeros([la,n]) elif meq > 0 and mieq == 0: # only equality constraints a = a_eq elif meq == 0 and mieq > 0: # only inequality constraints a = a_ieq elif meq > 0 and mieq > 0: # both equality and inequality constraints exist a = vstack((a_eq,a_ieq)) a = concatenate((a,zeros([la,1])),1) # Call SLSQP slsqp(m, meq, x, xl, xu, fx, c, g, a, acc, majiter, mode, w, jw) # Print the status of the current iterate if iprint > 2 and the # major iteration has incremented if iprint >= 2 and majiter > majiter_prev: print "%5i %5i % 16.6E % 16.6E" % (majiter,feval[0], fx,linalg.norm(g)) # If exit mode is not -1 or 1, slsqp has completed if abs(mode) != 1: break majiter_prev = int(majiter) # Optimization loop complete. Print status if requested if iprint >= 1: print exit_modes[int(mode)] + " (Exit mode " + str(mode) + ')' print " Current function value:", fx print " Iterations:", majiter print " Function evaluations:", feval[0] print " Gradient evaluations:", geval[0] if not full_output: return x else: return [list(x), float(fx), int(majiter), int(mode), exit_modes[int(mode)] ]

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  • Error : The Type Initializer of Deamon.Global threw an exception in c#

    - by srk
    I am using the below class file, where some variables are declared to use in the entire application. Now i used that variable [BlockLogOut] in another class file to make the value True. I just put this below line and getting error in it.. "TypeInitializationException" Global.BlockLogOut = True; The wired thing is, it was working fine for many months and i am getting this error now on the above line. Of course i was modifying some other stuffs in the application, but surely not this class file. What would have been the problem ? namespace Daemon { class Global { public static bool BlockLogOut = false; } }

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  • Getting around the Max String size in a vba function?

    - by Ommit
    The max number of characters you can use in string in a vba function is 255. I am trying to run this function Var1= 1 Var2= 2 . . . Var256 =256 RunMacros= "'Tims_pet_Robot """ & Var1 & """ , """ & Var2 & """ , """ ... """ & Var256 """ '" Runat=TimeValue("15:00:00") Application.OnTime EarliestTime:=Runat, Procedure:=RunMacros & RunMacros2 ', schedule:=True It runs a procedure at a certain time and passes a bunch of variables to it. but the string is too long.

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  • Use of Java constructors in persistent entities

    - by Mr Morgan
    Hello I'm new to JPA and using persistence in Java anyway and I have two questions I can't quite work out: I have generated tags as: @JoinColumn(name = "UserName", referencedColumnName = "UserName") @ManyToOne(optional = false) private User userName; @JoinColumn(name = "DatasetNo", referencedColumnName = "DatasetNo") @ManyToOne(optional = false) private Dataset datasetNo; But in one of the constructors for the class, no reference is made to columns UserName or DatasetNo whereas all other columns in the class are referenced in the constructor. Can anyone tell me why this is? Both columns UserName and DatasetNo are 'foreign keys' on the entity Visualisation which corresponds to a database table of the same name. I can't quite work out the ORM. And when using entity classes, or POJO, is it better to have class variables like: private User userName; Where an instance of a class is specified or simply the key of that class instance like: private String userName; Thanks Mr Morgan.

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  • Can I get build warnings from a custom build step in Qt Creator?

    - by Derick
    I have the following script that I run as a custom build step in Qt Creator: git ls-files . | egrep "\.cpp$|\.h$" | xargs vera++ Which then gives output: foo/bar.cpp:1: no copyright notice found Another script I also use is: cppcheck . --template gcc -q --enable=style,unusedFunctions With the output: apple.h:8: style: The class 'MyPie' has no constructor. Member variables not initialized. I would love to double-click on the error and go to the source in the Compile Output window. It seems that only gcc errors are detected and these custom ones are ignored even though they have the same format.

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  • Link phpbb usernames to drupal profiles

    - by Toxid
    I'm using drupal and phpbb with a bridge called phpbbforum. It works quite well, the user information is synched between the drupal and phpbb databases. The forum is embeded in a drupal page, so all variables that come with page.tpl.php should be avaliable. I want drupal to be the only profile handler, so when someone clicks on a phpbb username, that person get's linked to the drupal profile. In phpbbs template files, the link to the profile is called by function get_username_string. I think the right place to edit it is in the /includes/functions_content.php file on line 1178. Right above that line it says "* Get username details for placing into templates." and there's a section about profile links. I just can't figure out how to edit it so that the profile links lead to drupal profiles. Can anyone figure this one out?

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  • how to deal a constructor with an array in Perl

    - by superstar
    whats the difference between these two 'new' constructors in perl? 1) sub new { my $class = shift; my $self = {}; $self->{firstName} = undef; $self->{lastName} = undef; $self->{PEERS} = []; bless ($self, $class); return $self; } 2) sub new { my $class = shift; my $self = { _firstName => shift, _lastName => shift, _ssn => shift, }; bless $self, $class; return $self; } I am using the 2nd one so far, but i need to implement the arrays in perl? can you suggest a way to do it with the 2nd 'new' constructor and how can we use get and set methods on those array variables?

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  • PHP Initialising strings as boolean first

    - by Anriëtte Myburgh
    I'm in the habit of initialising variables in PHP to false and then applying whatever (string, boolean, float) value to it later. Which would you reckon is better? $name = false; if (condition == true) { $name = $something_else; } if ($name) { …do something… } vs. $name =''; if (condition == true) { $name = $something_else; } if (!empty($name)) { …do something… } Which would you reckon can possibly give better performance? Which method would you use?

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  • How to save big "database-like" class in python

    - by Rafal
    Hi there, I'm doing a project with reasonalby big DataBase. It's not a probper DB file, but a class with format as follows: DataBase.Nodes.Data=[[] for i in range(1,1000)] f.e. this DataBase is all together something like few thousands rows. Fisrt question - is the way I'm doing efficient, or is it better to use SQL, or any other "proper" DB, which I've never used actually. And the main question - I'd like to save my DataBase class with all record, and then re-open it with Python in another session. Is that possible, what tool should I use? cPickle - it seems to be only for strings, any other? In matlab there's very useful functionality named save workspace - it saves all Your variables to a file that You can open at another session - this would be vary useful in python!

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  • Discover the environment and relative path of the running application

    - by Shyam
    Hi, While playing with RubyCocoa, I keep progressing with my idea for my application. Because my application will be going to use configuration files, I would like to know how I discover the relative path to store these inside my application structure (or if a better idea emerges, please elaborate also the "why"). Also good for me to know is to discover environment variables, such as operating system version, the amount of memory that is available and such. Hyperlinks would be awesome too. Please notice I use RubyCocoa and thank you for your feedback, comments and answers!

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  • PHP calling PostgreSQL function - type issue?

    - by CitrusTree
    I have a function in PostgreSQL / plpgsql with the following signature: CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION user_login(TEXT, TEXT) RETURNS SETOF _get_session AS $$ ... $$ Where _get_session is a view. The function works fine when calling it from phpPgAdmin, however whan I call it from PHP I get the following error: Warning: pg_query() [function.pg-query]: Query failed: ERROR: type "session_ids" does not exist CONTEXT: compile of PL/pgSQL function "user_login" near line 2 in /home/sites/blah.com/index.php on line 69 The DECLARE section of the function contains the following variables: oldSessionId session_ids := $1; newSessionId session_ids := $2; The domain session_ids DOES exist, and other functions which use the same domain work when called from the same script. The PHP is as follows: $query = "SELECT * FROM $dbschema.user_login('$session_old'::TEXT, '$session'::TEXT)"; $result = pg_query($login, $query); I have also tried this using ::session_ids in place of ::TEXT when calling the function, however I recieve the same error. Help :o(

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  • Multi-dimensional array in php

    - by pundit
    Hi all, I would like to create a multi-dimensional array with two variables but don't know how. This is what i have so far; $_SESSION['name'][] = $row_subject['name']; $_SESSION['history'][]= $_SERVER['REQUEST_URI']; I wanted to know if this is possible? $_SESSION['name'][] = $row_subject['name'],$_SERVER['REQUEST_URI']; i want to get the name of a programme which is generated via a data base and also to retrieve the url. What i am actually doing once the name is retrieve, i want to make that a link which the url would be necessary. any help would be appreciated. Thanks

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  • How Easy Is It to Hijack Session Vars on GoDaddy (PHP)

    - by yar
    This article states that If your site is run on a shared Web server, be aware that any session variables can easily be viewed by any other users on the same server. On a larger host like GoDaddy, are there really no protections in place against this? Could it really be that easy? If it is that easy, where are the session vars of the other users on my host so I can check them out? Edit: I didn't believe it, but here's my little program which shows that this is true! I wonder if those are really the same as the value stored in the cookies on the users' machine?

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  • For Loop Statement

    - by acctman
    I'm trying to loop 2 variables and with an output that looks like this '91 - 96 lbs' I can get the For statement to work with just one variable but with two it does not work. for ($k = 91; $k <= 496; $k=$k+4($i = 96; $i <= 500; $i=$i+4)) echo '<option value='.$k. ' - ' .$i. ' lbs'("<%m_weight%>" == .$k. ' - ' .$i. ' lbs' ? ' selected="selected"' : '').'>'.$k. ' - ' .$i. ' lbs</option>';

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  • Is there a better way to create an object-oriented class with jquery?

    - by Devon
    I use the jquery extend function to extend a class prototype. For example: MyWidget = function(name_var) { this.init(name_var); } $.extend(MyWidget.prototype, { // object variables widget_name: '', init: function(widget_name) { // do initialization here this.widget_name = widget_name; }, doSomething: function() { // an example object method alert('my name is '+this.widget_name); } }); // example of using the class built above var widget1 = new MyWidget('widget one'); widget1.doSomething(); Is there a better way to do this? Is there a cleaner way to create the class above with only one statement instead of two?

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  • mysqli insert problem

    - by Simon
    Hello i have this error: Warning: mysqli_stmt::bind_param() [mysqli-stmt.bind-param]: Number of elements in type definition string doesn't match number of bind variables in E:\wamp\www\classes\UserLogin.php on line 31 and i dont know what it is :/ here is my code function createUser($username, $password) { $mysql = connect(); if($stmt = $mysql->prepare('INSERT INTO users (username, password, alder, hood, fornavn, efternavn, city, ip, level, email) VALUES (?,?,?,?,?,?,?,?,?,?)')) { $stmt->bind_param($username,$password, $alder, $hood, $fornavn, $efternavn, $city, $ip, $level, $email); $stmt->execute(); $stmt->close(); } else { echo 'error: ' . $mysql->error; } then my user create the user they only need to type username and password, and later they can edit the profile and edit, email,alder,hood and like that :). Thanks for helping me

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  • pasteHTML removes markup

    - by ullmark
    I am writing a plugin to an old IE-only WYSIWYG-editor which resides in an old CMS. I've created a plugin that opens an popup where the user kan enter the url of an youtube clip. The popup then creates the corrent <object..><param..> markup for the embed and uses Internet Explorers pasteHTML function; var range = plugin.editorDocument.selection.createRange(); var embedHtml = OpenDialog(dialogUrl, null, 400, 200); if (!embedHtml) { return; } range.pasteHTML(embedHtml); I know it's missing a bit of information about some of the variables but you get the picture. The problem is that the <param>-tags gets removed when i run the pasteHTML. I wonder if anyone have an idea of fixing this, and letting me keep my param-tags

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  • VSTS 2008 Load testing, Is it any good?

    - by anshu
    I have already spent couple of weeks trying to use this tool to generate some webtest and load test. But every day it throws a weird problem for which I do not find anything in document. examples: Hidden variables (_lastfocus) not found in the context error. Today, all of sudden it is now refusing to run some of the webtest which are part of the test mix in my load test run (is working fine with another load test). Are enterprise level, expensive tools are only good? (like loadrunner, silkperformer etc).

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  • Restlet - Access elements of the request URL

    - by DutrowLLC
    I'm unsure what the proper way is to access parts of the requested URL. In this case, I want to get the requested path without the query variables. This is the only way I found to do it: String path = getRequest().getResourceRef().getHostIdentifier() + getRequest().getResourceRef().getPath(); The result would be the bold part of this url: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/ask?query=value I also found about 6 different ways to get the server name (http://stackoverflow.com) but I'm worried that some of them would fail in certain cases that I am unaware of (why would there be 6 different ways to do one thing): getRequest().getHostRef().getHostIdentifier(); getRequest().getHostRef().getIdentifier(); getRequest().getRootRef().getHostIdentifier(); getRequest().getRootRef().getIdentifier(); getRequest().getResourceRef().getHostIdentifier(); And this seems to get the complete URL with query parameters: getRequest().getResourceRef().getIdentifier(); Any further explanation would be much appreciated.

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  • Setting up boost filesystem

    - by brit
    I've been having serious problems trying to set up boost. I must have installed and uninstalled the libraries a dozen times. In my most recent attempt, I followed these instructions: Download the zip and unzip it. Get the prebuilt jam executable and unzip it. Put that directory in your path. (Edit Path by using Control Panel...System..Advanced....Environemnt Variables) Open Visual Studio command prompt. Browse to boost directory. Run: bjam "-sTOOLS=vc-8_0" install The main reason I'm trying to use boost is for boost/filesystem yet nothing is working. I know this question has been asked before, but it only resulted in more errors.. Please Help!

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  • How can Perl interact with an ajax form

    - by Jeff
    I'm writing a perl program that was doing a simple get command to retrieve results and process them. But the site has been updated and now has a java component that handles the results (so the actual data is not in the source code anymore). This is the site: http://wro.westchesterclerk.com/legalsearch.aspx Try putting in: Index Number: 11103 Year: 2009 I want to be able to pro grammatically enter the "index number" and "year" at the bottom of the form where it says "search by number" and then retrieve the results listed next to it. I've written many programs in Perl that simply pass variables via the URL and the results are listed in the source code, so it's easy to parse. (Using LWP:Simple) Like: $html = get("http://www.url.com?id=$somenum&year=$someyear") But this is totally new to me and I don't know where to begin. I'm somewhat familiar with LWP:UserAgent and Mechanize. I'd really appreciate any help. Thanks!

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  • Allow single-line accessor (getter/setter) syntax with Checkstyle

    - by Sam3
    We'd like to have trivial Java property accessors using a single line syntax, so they take up much much less space, and are more readable (in terms of 'seeing' the set of accessors quickly). But we do want to enforce multi-line method syntax for everything else in our checkstyle configuration. But I'm not sure how to make this exception for accessors in Checkstyle config and suspect it may not be possible. So we'd like our accessors to look something like this: public String getFoo() { return foo; } public void setFoo(String foo) { this.foo = foo; } [In fact we'd rather not have trivial accessors at all and instead just annotate the private member variables with @Property or something and have the accessors generated for us, since writing endless get and set code delivers no real benefit, but that's a general Java frustration and an aside as far as this question goes.]

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  • Paypal IPN setup...Ship to Zipcode and auto calculation

    - by Kunal
    Hi I have successfully setup paypal IPN on my site and its working fine. From my paypal account I have set options to ass shipping and tax calculations(only if it's Iowa). But the only issue is, on the paypal checkout page it's asking me to enter the "Ship to Zipcode" manually...if I enter and update only then the net payable is getting updated with the shipping and tax charges. Is there any variable via which I could send the ship to zip code which will work directly on the cart and make it auto calculate the charges and show it? I have tried both "zip" and "address_zip" variables. None of them worked. By the way I have multiple items on my cart so I am using the "cart" transaction type. Thanks in advance for your help.

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