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• realtime diagnostics

  - by Ion Todirel

  I have an application which has a loop, part of a "Scheduler", which runs at all time and is the heart of the application. Pretty much like a game loop, just that my application is a WPF application and it's not a game. Naturally the application does logging at many points, but the Scheduler does some sensitive monitoring, and sometimes it's impossible just from the logs to tell what may have gotten wrong (and by wrong I don't mean exceptions) or the current status. Because Scheduler's inner loop runs at short intervals, you can't do file I/O-based logging (or using the Event Viewer) in there. First, you need to watch it in real-time, and secondly the log file would grow in size very fast. So I was thinking of ways to show this data to the user in the realtime, some things I considered: Display the data in realtime in the UI Use AllocConsole/WriteConsole to display this information in a console Use a different console application which would display this information, communicate between the Scheduler and the console app using pipes or other IPC techniques Use Windows' Performance Monitor and somehow feed it with this information ETW Displaying in the UI would have its issues. First it doesn't integrate with the UI I had in mind for my application, and I don't want to complicate the UI just for this. This diagnostics would only happen rarely. Secondly, there is going to be some non-trivial data protection, as the Scheduler has it's own thread. A separate console window would work probably, but I'm still worried if it's not too much threshold. Allocating my own console, as this is a windows app, would probably be better than a different console application (3), as I don't need to worry about IPC communication, and non-blocking communication. However a user could close the console I allocated, and it would be problematic in that case. With a separate process you don't have to worry about it. Assuming there is an API for Performance Monitor, it wouldn't be integrated too well with my app or apparent to the users. Using ETW also doesn't solve anything, just a random idea, I still need to display this information somehow. What others think, would there be other ways I missed?

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• Alternatives to requiring users to register for an account?

  - by jamieb

  I'm working on a side project to build a new web app idea of mine. For the sake of discussion, let's say this app displays a random photograph of a famous work of art. On a scale of 1 to 5, users are asked to rate how well they like each piece of art, and then are shown the next photo. Eventually, the app is able to get an sense of the person's style and is able to recommend artwork that he/she may find pleasing. The whole concept is similar to Netflix. I understand how to do all the preference matching logic (although not as sophisticated as Netflix). But I'd like to find a way to do this without requiring that users create an account first. This is a novelty website that a typical user might use only a handful of times. Requiring registration is overkill and will likely drastically reduce it's utility. I'd like to allow people to begin rating artwork within five seconds of their initial pageview, yet maintain the integrity of the voting (since recommendations are predicated on how other people have rated the various pieces of artwork). Can it be done? Some ideas: OpenID. The perfect solution except for the fact that it's not wildly used and my target audience isn't the most technically adept demographic. Text message. User inputs phone number and is texted a four digit code to key into the web app. Quick, easy, and great way to limit abuse. However, privacy concerns abound... people are probably even less likely to give me their phone number than their email address. Facebook login. I personally don't have a Facebook account due to privacy concerns. And I'd really hate to support such a proprietary platform. Hash code/Bookmark. Vistor's initial pageview generates a 5 or 6 digit alphanumeric code that is embedded in each subsequent URL. They can bookmark any page to save their state. Good: Very simple system that doesn't require any user action. Bad: Very easy to stuff the ballot box, might be difficult to account for users sharing the link containing their ID code via email or social networking sites.

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• controlling threads flow

  - by owca

  I had a task to write simple game simulating two players picking up 1-3 matches one after another until the pile is gone. I managed to do it for computer choosing random value of matches but now I'd like to go further and allow humans to play the game. Here's what I already have : http://paste.pocoo.org/show/201761/ Class Player is a computer player, and PlayerMan should be human being. Problem is, that thread of PlayerMan should wait until proper value of matches is given but I cannot make it work this way. Logic is as follows: thread runs until matches equals to zero. If player number is correct at the moment function pickMatches() is called. After decreasing number of matches on table, thread should wait and another thread should be notified. I know I must use wait() and notify() but I can't place them right. Class Shared keeps the value of current player, and also amount of matches. public void suspendThread() { suspended = true; } public void resumeThread() { suspended = false; } @Override public void run(){ int matches=1; int which = 0; int tmp=0; Shared data = this.selectData(); String name = this.returnName(); int number = this.getNumber(); while(data.getMatches() != 0){ while(!suspended){ try{ which = data.getCurrent(); if(number == which){ matches = pickMatches(); tmp = data.getMatches() - matches; data.setMatches(tmp, number); if(data.getMatches() == 0){ System.out.println(" "+ name+" takes "+matches+" matches."); System.out.println("Winner is player: "+name); stop(); } System.out.println(" "+ name+" takes "+matches+" matches."); if(number != 0){ data.setCurrent(0); } else{ data.setCurrent(1); } } this.suspendThread(); notifyAll(); wait(); }catch(InterruptedException exc) {} } } } @Override synchronized public int pickMatches(){ Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in); int n = 0; Shared data = this.selectData(); System.out.println("Choose amount of matches (from 1 to 3): "); if(data.getMatches() == 1){ System.out.println("There's only 1 match left !"); while(n != 1){ n = scanner.nextInt(); } } else{ do{ n = scanner.nextInt(); } while(n <= 1 && n >= 3); } return n; } }

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• What is a good dumbed-down, safe template system for PHP?

  - by Wilhelm

  (Summary: My users need to be able to edit the structure of their dynamically generated web pages without being able to do any damage.) Greetings, ladies and gentlemen. I am currently working on a service where customers from a specific demographic can create a specific type of web site and fill it with their own content. The system is written in PHP. Many of the users of this system wish to edit how their particular web site looks, or, more commonly, have a designer do it for them. Editing the CSS is fine and dandy, but sometimes that's not enough. Sometimes they want to shuffle the entire page structure around by editing the raw HTML of the dynamically created web pages. The templating system used by WordPress is, as far as I can see, perfect for my use. Except for one thing which is critically important. In addition to being able to edit how comments are displayed or where the menu goes, someone editing a template can have that template execute arbitrary PHP code. As the same codebase runs all these different sites, with all content in the same databse, allowing my users to run arbitrary code is clearly out of the question. So what I need, is a dumbed-down, idiot-proof templating system where my users can edit most of the page structure on their own, pulling in the dynamic sections wherever, without being able to even echo 1+1;. Observe the following psuedocode: <!DOCTYPE html> <title><!-- $title --></title> <!-- header() --> <!-- menu() --> <div>Some random custom crap added by the user.</div> <!-- page_content() --> That's the degree of power I'd like to grant my users. They don't need to do their own loops or calculations or anything. Just include my variables and functions and leave the rest to me. I'm sure I'm not the only person on the planet that needs something like this. Do you know of any ready-made templating systems I could use? Thanks in advance for your reply.

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• Rails "NoMethodError" with sub-resources

  - by Tchock

  Hi. I'm a newbie Rails developer who is getting the following error when trying to access the 'new' action on my CityController: undefined method `cities_path' for #<#<Class:0x104608c18>:0x104606f08> Extracted source (around line #2): 1: <h1>New City</h1> 2: <%= form_for(@city) do |f| %> 3: <%= f.error_messages %> 4: 5: <div class="field"> As some background, I have a State model with many Cities. I'm getting this error after clicking on the following link coming from a State show page: <p>Add a city: <%= link_to "Add city", new_state_city_path(@state) %></p> When I run 'rake:routes' it says this is a legit route... For more background, here is the CityController 'new' action: def new @city = City.new respond_to do |format| format.html # new.html.erb format.xml { render :xml => @city } end end Here is the (complete) form in the view: <%= form_for(@city) do |f| %> <%= f.error_messages %> <div class="field"> <%= f.label :name %><br /> <%= f.text_field :name %> </div> <div class="actions"> <%= f.submit %> </div> <% end %> This initially made me think that it's a resources/routes issue since it came back with a mention of 'cities_path' (in fact, that's what another person posting to Stack Overflow had wrong (http://stackoverflow.com/questions/845315/rails-error-nomethoderror-my-first-ruby-app). However, that doesn't seem to be the case from what I can see. Here are how my resources look in my routes file: resources :states do resources :cities end I can get it working when they are not sub-resources, but I really need to keep them as sub-resources for my future plans with the app. Any help would be very much appreciated, since I've been racking my brains on this for more hours than I would care to admit... Thanks! (Not sure this matters at all, but I'm running the very latest version of Rails 3 beta2).

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• memcpy segmentation fault on linux but not os x

  - by Andre

  I'm working on implementing a log based file system for a file as a class project. I have a good amount of it working on my 64 bit OS X laptop, but when I try to run the code on the CS department's 32 bit linux machines, I get a seg fault. The API we're given allows writing DISK_SECTOR_SIZE (512) bytes at a time. Our log record consists of the 512 bytes the user wants to write as well as some metadata (which sector he wants to write to, the type of operation, etc). All in all, the size of the "record" object is 528 bytes, which means each log record spans 2 sectors on the disk. The first record writes 0-512 on sector 0, and 0-15 on sector 1. The second record writes 16-512 on sector 1, and 0-31 on sector 2. The third record writes 32-512 on sector 2, and 0-47 on sector 3. ETC. So what I do is read the two sectors I'll be modifying into 2 freshly allocated buffers, copy starting at record into buf1+the calculated offset for 512-offset bytes. This works correctly on both machines. However, the second memcpy fails. Specifically, "record+DISK_SECTOR_SIZE-offset" in the below code segfaults, but only on the linux machine. Running some random tests, it gets more curious. The linux machine reports sizeof(Record) to be 528. Therefore, if I tried to memcpy from record+500 into buf for 1 byte, it shouldn't have a problem. In fact, the biggest offset I can get from record is 254. That is, memcpy(buf1, record+254, 1) works, but memcpy(buf1, record+255, 1) segfaults. Does anyone know what I'm missing? Record *record = malloc(sizeof(Record)); record->tid = tid; record->opType = OP_WRITE; record->opArg = sector; int i; for (i = 0; i < DISK_SECTOR_SIZE; i++) { record->data[i] = buf[i]; // *buf is passed into this function } char* buf1 = malloc(DISK_SECTOR_SIZE); char* buf2 = malloc(DISK_SECTOR_SIZE); d_read(ad->disk, ad->curLogSector, buf1); d_read(ad->disk, ad->curLogSector+1, buf2); memcpy(buf1+offset, record, DISK_SECTOR_SIZE-offset); memcpy(buf2, record+DISK_SECTOR_SIZE-offset, offset+sizeof(Record)-sizeof(record->data));

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• Create new etherpad using PHP and CURL

  - by Kyle Mathews

  I'm trying to write a simple PHP script which automatically sets up new etherpads (see http://etherpad.com/). They don't have an API (yet) for creating new pads so I'm trying to figure if I can do things another way. After playing around some, I found that if you append a random string to etherpad.com to a not-yet-created pad, it'll come back with a form asking if you want to create a new etherpad at that address. If you submit that form, a new pad will be created at that URL. My thought then was I could just create a PHP script using CURL that would duplicate that form and trick etherpad into creating a new pad at whatever URL I give it. I wrote the script but so far I can't get it working. Can someone tell me what I'm doing wrong? First, here's the HTML form on the etherpad creation page: ` <p><tt id="padurl">http://etherpad.com/lsdjfsljfa-fdj-lsdf</tt></p> <br/> <p>There is no EtherPad document here. Would you like to create one?</p> <input type="hidden" value="lsdjfsljfa-fdj-lsdf" name="padId"/> <input type="submit" value="Create Pad" id="createPad"/> ` Then here's my code which tries to submit the form using CURL $ch = curl_init(); //set POST variables $url = "http://etherpad.com/ep/pad/create?padId=ldjfal-djfa-ldkfjal"; $fields = array( 'padId'=>urlencode("ldjfal-djfa-ldkfjal"), ); $useragent="Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 7.0; Windows NT 5.1; .NET CLR 1.1.4322; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; .NET CLR 3.0.04506.30)"; // set user agent curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_USERAGENT, $useragent); //url-ify the data for the POST foreach($fields as $key=>$value) { $fields_string .= $key.'='.$value; } print_r($fields_string); //open connection $ch = curl_init(); //set the url, number of POST vars, POST data curl_setopt($ch,CURLOPT_URL,$url); curl_setopt($ch,CURLOPT_POST,count($fields)); curl_setopt($ch,CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS,$fields_string); //execute post $result = curl_exec($ch); print_r($result); //close connection curl_close($ch); When I run the script, PHP reports back that everything executed correctly but etherpad doesn't create my pad. Any clues what's going on?

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• How to dynamically expand a string in C

  - by sa125

  Hi - I have a function that recursively makes some calculations on a set of numbers. I want to also pretty-print the calculation in each recursion call by passing the string from the previous calculation and concatenating it with the current operation. A sample output might look like this: 3 (3) + 2 ((3) + 2) / 4 (((3) + 2) / 4) x 5 ((((3) + 2) / 4) x 5) + 14 ... and so on So basically, the second call gets 3 and appends + 2 to it, the third call gets passed (3) + 2 , etc. My recursive function prototype looks like this: void calc_rec(int input[], int length, char * previous_string); I wrote a 2 helper functions to help me with the operation, but they implode when I test them: /********************************************************************** * dynamically allocate and append new string to old string and return a pointer to it **********************************************************************/ char * strapp(char * old, char * new) { // find the size of the string to allocate int len = sizeof(char) * (strlen(old) + strlen(new)); // allocate a pointer to the new string char * out = (char*)malloc(len); // concat both strings and return sprintf(out, "%s%s", old, new); return out; } /********************************************************************** * returns a pretty math representation of the calculation op **********************************************************************/ char * mathop(char * old, char operand, int num) { char * output, *newout; char fstr[50]; // random guess.. couldn't think of a better way. sprintf(fstr, " %c %d", operand, num); output = strapp(old, fstr); newout = (char*)malloc( 2*sizeof(char)+sizeof(output) ); sprintf(newout, "(%s)", output); free(output); return newout; } void test_mathop() { int i, total = 10; char * first = "3"; printf("in test_mathop\n"); while (i < total) { first = mathop(first, "+", i); printf("%s\n", first); ++i; } } strapp() returns a pointer to newly appended strings (works), and mathop() is supposed to take the old calculation string ("(3)+2"), a char operand ('+', '-', etc) and an int, and return a pointer to the new string, for example "((3)+2)/3". Any idea where I'm messing things up? thanks.

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• About variadic templates

  - by chedi

  Hi, I'm currently experiencing with the new c++0x variadic templates, and it's quit fun, Although I have a question about the process of member instanciation. in this example, I'm trying to emulate the strongly typed enum with the possibility of choose a random valid strong enum (this is used for unit testing). #include<vector> #include<iostream> using namespace std; template<unsigned... values> struct sp_enum; /* this is the solution I found, declaring a globar var vector<unsigned> _data; and it work just fine */ template<> struct sp_enum<>{ static const unsigned _count = 0; static vector<unsigned> _data; }; vector<unsigned> sp_enum<>::_data; template<unsigned T, unsigned... values> struct sp_enum<T, values...> : private sp_enum<values...>{ static const unsigned _count = sp_enum<values...>::_count+1; static vector<unsigned> _data; sp_enum( ) : sp_enum<values...>(values...) {_data.push_back(T);} sp_enum(unsigned v ) {_data.push_back(v);} sp_enum(unsigned v, unsigned...) : sp_enum<values...>(values...) {_data.push_back(v);} }; template<unsigned T, unsigned... values> vector<unsigned> sp_enum<T, values...>::_data; int main(){ enum class t:unsigned{Default = 5, t1, t2}; sp_enum<t::Default, t::t1, t::t2> test; cout <<test._count << endl << test._data.size() << endl; for(auto i= test._data.rbegin();i != test._data.rend();++i){cout<< *i<< ":";} } the result I'm getting with this code is : 3 1 5: can someone point me what I'm messing here ??? Ps: using gcc 4.4.3

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• MVC 2 AntiForgeryToken - Why symmetric encryption + IPrinciple?

  - by Brad R

  We recently updated our solution to MVC 2, and this has updated the way that the AntiForgeryToken works. Unfortunately this does not fit with our AJAX framework any more. The problem is that MVC 2 now uses symmetric encryption to encode some properties about the user, including the user's Name property (from IPrincipal). We are able to securely register a new user using AJAX, after which subsequent AJAX calls will be invalid as the anti forgery token will change when the user has been granted a new principal. There are also other cases when this may happen, such as a user updating their name etc. My main question is why does MVC 2 even bother using symmetric encryption? Any then why does it care about the user name property on the principal? If my understanding is correct then any random shared secret will do. The basic principle is that the user will be sent a cookie with some specific data (HttpOnly!). This cookie is then required to match a form variable sent back with each request that may have side effects (POST's usually). Since this is only meant to protect from cross site attacks it is easy to craft up a response that would easily pass the test, but only if you had full access to the cookie. Since a cross site attacker is not going to have access to your user cookies you are protected. By using symmetric encryption, what is the advantage in checking the contents of the cookie? That is, if I already have sent an HttpOnly cookie the attacker cannot override it (unless a browser has a major security issue), so why do I then need to check it again? After having a think about it it appears to be one of those 'added layer of security' cases - but if your first line of defence has fallen (HttpOnly) then the attacker is going to get past the second layer anyway as they have full access to the users cookie collection, and could just impersonate them directly, instead of using an indirect XSS/CSRF attack. Of course I could be missing a major issue, but I haven't found it yet. If there are some obvious or subtle issues at play here then I would like to be aware of them.

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• Linked List Design

  - by Jim Scott

  The other day in a local .NET group I attend the following question came up: "Is it a valid interview question to ask about Linked Lists when hiring someone for a .NET development position?" Not having a computer sciense degree and being a self taught developer my response was that I did not feel it was appropriate as I in 5 years of developer with .NET had never been exposed to linked lists and did not hear any compeling reason for a use for one. However the person commented that it is a very common interview question so I decided when I left that I would do some reasearch on linked lists and see what I might be missing. I have read a number of posts on stack overflow and various google searches and decided the best way to learn about them was to write my own .NET classes to see how they worked from the inside out. Here is my class structure Single Linked List Constructor public SingleLinkedList(object value) Public Properties public bool IsTail public bool IsHead public object Value public int Index public int Count private fields not exposed to a property private SingleNode firstNode; private SingleNode lastNode; private SingleNode currentNode; Methods public void MoveToFirst() public void MoveToLast() public void Next() public void MoveTo(int index) public void Add(object value) public void InsertAt(int index, object value) public void Remove(object value) public void RemoveAt(int index) Questions I have: What are typical methods you would expect in a linked list? What is typical behaviour when adding new records? For example if I have 4 nodes and I am currently positioned in the second node and perform Add() should it be added after or before the current node? Or should it be added to the end of the list? Some of the designs I have seen explaining things seem to expose outside of the LinkedList class the Node object. In my design you simply add, get, remove values and know nothing about any node object. Should the Head and Tail be placeholder objects that are only used to define the head/tail of the list? I require my Linked List be instantiated with a value which creates the first node of the list which is essentially the head and tail of the list. Would you change that ? What should the rules be when it comes to removing nodes. Should someone be able to remove all nodes? Here is my Double Linked List Constructor public DoubleLinkedList(object value) Properties public bool IsHead public bool IsTail public object Value public int Index public int Count Private fields not exposed via property private DoubleNode currentNode; Methods public void AddFirst(object value) public void AddLast(object value) public void AddBefore(object existingValue, object value) public void AddAfter(object existingValue, object value) public void Add(int index, object value) public void Add(object value) public void Remove(int index) public void Next() public void Previous() public void MoveTo(int index)

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• java.net.SocketException: Software caused connection abort: socket write error

  - by npinti

  Hi guys, I am trying to send an image from a Java desktop application to a J2ME application. The problem is that I am getting this exception: java.net.SocketException: Software caused connection abort: socket write error I have looked around on the net, and although this problem is not that rare, I was unable to find a concrete solution. I am transforming the image into a byte array before transferring it. These are the methods found on the desktop application and on the J2ME respectively public void send(String ID, byte[] serverMessage) throws Exception { //Get the IP and Port of the person to which the message is to be sent. String[] connectionDetails = this.userDetails.get(ID).split(","); Socket sock = new Socket(InetAddress.getByName(connectionDetails[0]), Integer.parseInt(connectionDetails[1])); OutputStream os = sock.getOutputStream(); for (int i = 0; i < serverMessage.length; i++) { os.write((int) serverMessage[i]); } os.flush(); os.close(); sock.close(); } private void read(final StreamConnection slaveSock) { Runnable runnable = new Runnable() { public void run() { try { DataInputStream dataInputStream = slaveSock.openDataInputStream(); int inputChar; StringBuffer results = new StringBuffer(); while ( (inputChar = dataInputStream.read()) != -1) { results.append((char) inputChar); } dataInputStream.close(); slaveSock.close(); parseMessage(results.toString()); results = null; } catch(Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); Alert alertMsg = new Alert("Error", "An error has occured while reading a message from the server:\n" + e.getMessage(), null, AlertType.ERROR); alertMsg.setTimeout(Alert.FOREVER); myDisplay.setCurrent(alertMsg, resultScreen); } } }; new Thread(runnable).start(); } I am sending the message across a LAN, and I have no problems when I send short text messages instead of images. Also, I used wireshark and it seems that the desktop application is only sending part of the message. Any help would be highly appreciated. Also, everything works on the J2ME simulator. Thanks.

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• Team matchups for Dota Bot

  - by Dan

  I have a ghost++ bot that hosts games of Dota (a warcraft 3 map that is played 5 players versus 5 players) and I'm trying to come up with good formulas to balance the players going into a match based on their records (I have game history for several thousand games). I'm familear with some of the concepts required to match up players, like confidence based on sample size of the number of games they played, and also perameter approximation and degrees of freedom and thus throwing out any variables that don't contribute enough to the r^2. My bot collects quite a few variables for each player from each game: The Important ones: Win/Lose/Game did not finish # of Player Kills # of Player Deaths # of Kills player assisted The not so important ones: # of enemy creep kills # of creep sneak attacks # of neutral creep kills # of Tower kills # of Rax kills # of courier kills Quick explination: The kills/deaths don't determine who wins, but the gold gained and lost from this usually is enough to tilt the game. Tower/Rax kills are what the goal of the game is (once a team looses all their towers/rax their thrown can be attacked if that is destroyed they lose), but I don't really count these as important because it is pretty random who gets the credit for the tower kill, and chances are if you destroy a tower it is only because some other player is doing well and distracting the otherteam elsewhere on the map. I'm getting a bit confused when trying to deal with the fact that 5 players are on a team, so ultimately each individual isn't that responsible for the team winner or losing. Take a player that is really good at killing and has 40 kills and only 10 deaths, but in their 5 games they've only won 1. Should I give him extra credit for such a high kill score despite losing? (When losing it is hard to keep a positive kill/death ratio) Or should I dock him for losing assuming that despite the nice kill/death ratio he probably plays in a really greedy way only looking out for himself and not helping the team? Ultimately I don't think I have to guess at questions like this because I have so much data... but I don't really know how to look at the data to answer questions like this. Can anyone help me come up with formulas to help team balance and predict the outcome? Thanks, Dan

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• compiling opencv 2.4 on a 64 bit mac in Xcode

  - by Walt

  I have an opencv project that I've been developing under ubuntu 12.04, on a parellels VM on a mac which has an x86_64 architecture. There have been many screen switching performance issues that I believe are due to the VM, where linux video modes flip around for a couple seconds while camera access is made by the opencv application. I decided to moved the project into Xcode on the mac side of the computer to continue the opencv development. However, I'm not that familiar with xcode and am having trouble getting the project to build correctly there. I have xcode installed. I downloaded and decompressed the latest version of opencv on the mac, and ran: ~/src/opencv/build/cmake-gui -G Xcode .. per the instructions from willowgarage and various other locations. This appeared to work fine (however I'm wondering now if I'm missing an architecture setting in here, although it is 64-bit intel in Xcode). I then setup an xcode project with the source files from the linux project and changed the include directories to use /opt/local/include/... rather than the /usr/local/include/... I switched xcode to use the LLVM GCC compiler in the build settings for the project then set the Apple LLVM Dialog for C++ to Language Dialect to GNU++11 (which seems possibly inconsistant with the line above) I'm not using a makefile in xcode, (that I'm aware of - it has its own project file...) I was also running into a linker issue that looked like they may be resolved with the addition of this linker flag: -lopencv_video based on a similar posting here: other thread however in that case the person was using a Makefile in their project. I've tried adding this linker flag under "Other Linker Flags" in xcode build settings but still get build errors. I think I may have two issues here, one with the architecture settings when building the opencv libraries with Cmake, and one with the linker flag settings in my project. Currently the build error list looks like this: Undefined symbols for architecture x86_64: "cv::_InputArray::_InputArray(cv::Mat const&)", referenced from: _main in main.o "cv::_OutputArray::_OutputArray(cv::Mat&)", referenced from: _main in main.o "cv::Mat::deallocate()", referenced from: cv::Mat::release() in main.o "cv::Mat::copySize(cv::Mat const&)", referenced from: cv::Mat::Mat(cv::Mat const&)in main.o cv::Mat::operator=(cv::Mat const&)in main.o "cv::Mat::Mat(_IplImage const*, bool)", referenced from: _main in main.o "cv::imread(std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > const&, int)", referenced from: _main in main.o ---SNIP--- ld: symbol(s) not found for architecture x86_64 collect2: ld returned 1 exit status Can anyone provide some guidance on what to try next? Thanks, Walt

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• reCaptcha issue with Spring MVC

  - by skip

  Hi I've been trying to integrate reCaptcha with my application built on Spring framework, but I am getting this error: org.springframework.web.bind.MissingServletRequestParameterException: Required String parameter 'recaptcha_challenge_field' is not present Could someone help me understand that why am I getting this error. I've got both recaptcha_challenge_field and recaptcha_response_field parameters bound to the User domain object. Could anybody help me understand what am I missing? Thanks Here is the code of the controller I am using, all I am trying to do is register a user with reCaptcha functionality but what I am getting is a http status 400 with the error org.springframework.web.bind.MissingServletRequestParameterException: Required String parameter 'recaptcha_challenge_field' is not present: UserManagementController.java @Controller public class UserManagementController { private static final String RECAPTCHA_HTML = "reCaptchaHtml"; @Autowired private UserService userService; @Autowired private ReCaptcha reCaptcha; @RequestMapping(method=RequestMethod.GET, value="/addNewUser.do") public ModelAndView addNewUser() { User user = new User(); String html = reCaptcha.createRecaptchaHtml(null, null); ModelMap modelMap = new ModelMap(); modelMap.put("user", user); modelMap.put(RECAPTCHA_HTML, html); return new ModelAndView("/addNewUser", modelMap); } @RequestMapping(method=RequestMethod.POST, value="/addNewUser.do") public String addNewUser(@Valid User user, BindingResult result, @RequestParam("recaptcha_challenge_field") String challenge, @RequestParam("recaptcha_response_field") String response, HttpServletRequest request, Model model) { verifyBinding(result); String remoteAddr = request.getRemoteAddr(); ReCaptchaResponse reCaptchaResponse = reCaptcha.checkAnswer(remoteAddr, challenge, response); if (!reCaptchaResponse.isValid()) { result.rejectValue("captcha", "errors.badCaptcha"); } model.addAttribute("user", user); if (result.hasErrors()) { result.reject("form.problems"); return "addNewUser"; } return "redirect:showContent.do"; } @InitBinder public void initBinder(WebDataBinder binder) { binder.setAllowedFields(new String[] { "firstName", "lastName", "email", "username", "password", "recaptcha_challenge_field", "recaptcha_response_field" }); } private void verifyBinding(BindingResult result) { String[] suppressedFields = result.getSuppressedFields(); if (suppressedFields.length > 0) { throw new RuntimeException("You've attempted to bind fields that haven't been allowed in initBinder(): " + StringUtils.join(suppressedFields, ", ")); } } } Here is the addNewUser.jsp element on the form page for the above controller: <tr> <td>Please prove you're a person</td> <td>${reCaptchaHtml}</td> <td><form:errors path="captcha" cssStyle="color:red"></form:errors></td> </tr> Could you help me understand what am I missing here? Thanks for reply.

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• Some more multitasking java issues

  - by owca

  I had a task to write simple game simulating two players picking up 1-3 matches one after another until the pile is gone. I managed to do it for computer choosing random value of matches but now I'd like to go further and allow humans to play the game. Here's what I already have : http://paste.pocoo.org/show/200660/ Class Player is a computer player, and PlayerMan should be human being. Problem is, that thread of PlayerMan should wait until proper value of matches is given but I cannot make it work this way. When I type the values it sometimes catches them and decrease amount of matches but that's not exactly what I was up to :) Logics is : I check the value of current player. If it corresponds to this of the thread currently active I use scanner to catch the amount of matches. Else I wait one second (I know it's kinda harsh solution, but I have no other idea how to do it). Class Shared keeps the value of current player, and also amount of matches. By the way, is there any way I can make Player and Shared attributes private instead of public and still make the code work ? CONSOLE and INPUT-DIALOG is just for choosing way of inserting values. class PlayerMan extends Player{ static final int CONSOLE=0; static final int INPUT_DIALOG=1; private int input; public PlayerMan(String name, Shared data, int c){ super(name, data); input = c; } @Override public void run(){ Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in); int n = 0; System.out.println("Matches on table: "+data.matchesAmount); System.out.println("which: "+data.which); System.out.println("number: "+number); while(data.matchesAmount != 0){ if(number == data.which){ System.out.println("Choose amount of matches (from 1 to 3): "); n = scanner.nextInt(); if(data.matchesAmount == 1){ System.out.println("There's only 1 match left !"); while(n != 1){ n = scanner.nextInt(); } } else{ do{ n = scanner.nextInt(); } while(n <= 1 && n >= 3); } data.matchesAmount = data.matchesAmount - n; System.out.println(" "+ name+" takes "+n+" matches."); if(number != 0){ data.which = 0; } else{ data.which = 1; } } else{ try { Thread.sleep(1000); } catch(InterruptedException exc) { System.out.println("End of thread."); return; } } System.out.println("Matches on table: "+data.matchesAmount); } if(data.matchesAmount == 0){ System.out.println("Winner is player: "+name); stop(); } } }

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• LINQ to SQL Could not find key member. Only fails on server.

  - by Adam Carr

  I have a scenario where I am inheriting from an abstract class in my partial linq to sql auto generated class implementation. My base abstract class has an abstract property called ID which I have flagged inside my LINQ to SQL model with the instance modifier override. This works fine locally without any issues. I have also done some development on another machine and it works fine there too (both in VS2008 and using Subversion). I am running CI with TeamCity and the build succeeds and deploys as desired. The problem is when the server tries to hit the database for the first time via the LINQ to SQL data context, it generates the following error. "Could not find key member 'Id' of key 'Id' on type 'CustomType'. The key may be wrong or the field or property on 'CustomType' has changed names." I have tried changing my configuration by not implementing the Id field in my base class but this still fails. Why does it work on both of my DEV machines but not on the server? I am using LINQ to SQL in another project that runs on this server just fine. FYI: LINQ to SQL, SQL 2008, .NET 3.5, SERVER 2008, IIS 7.0 UPDATE I have gone back and added the same table a second time in the same data model but without a base class and have then displayed the results from that table and got no errors. This tells me it has something to do with my base abstract class and the need to flag a property on one of my linq to sql model classes (that belongs to a key relationship) with the instance modifier of override. No answer to this yet but am getting closer. UPDATE I have fixed my issue by simply changing my approach to my problem but I am still interested in why this doesn't work. I created a new WinSrv2008 VPC and patched it, deployed a pre-built version of my site to it and still got the same error. I now assume the issue is like what the person said here, a dependency issue with VS2008. My question is what or what? Will install VS2008 on the VPC to see if it works after that.

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• FASM vc MASM trasnlation problem in mov si, offset msg

  - by Ruben Trancoso

  hi folks, just did my first test with MASM and FASM with the same code (almos) and I falled in trouble. The only difference is that to produce just the 104 bytes I need to write to MBR in FASM I put org 7c00h and in MASM 0h. The problem is on the mov si, offset msg that in the first case transletes it to 44 7C (7c44h) and with masm translates to 44 00 (0044h)! but just when I change org 7c00h to org 0h in MASM. Otherwise it will produce the entire segment from 0 to 7dff. how do I solve it? or in short, how to make MASM produce a binary that begins at 7c00h as it first byte and subsequent jumps remain relative to 7c00h? .model TINY .code org 7c00h ; Boot entry point. Address 07c0:0000 on the computer memory xor ax, ax ; Zero out ax mov ds, ax ; Set data segment to base of RAM jmp start ; Jump to the first byte after DOS boot record data ; ---------------------------------------------------------------------- ; DOS boot record data ; ---------------------------------------------------------------------- brINT13Flag db 90h ; 0002h - 0EH for INT13 AH=42 READ brOEM db 'MSDOS5.0' ; 0003h - OEM name & DOS version (8 chars) brBPS dw 512 ; 000Bh - Bytes/sector brSPC db 1 ; 000Dh - Sectors/cluster brResCount dw 1 ; 000Eh - Reserved (boot) sectors brFATs db 2 ; 0010h - FAT copies brRootEntries dw 0E0h ; 0011h - Root directory entries brSectorCount dw 2880 ; 0013h - Sectors in volume, < 32MB brMedia db 240 ; 0015h - Media descriptor brSPF dw 9 ; 0016h - Sectors per FAT brSPH dw 18 ; 0018h - Sectors per track brHPC dw 2 ; 001Ah - Number of Heads brHidden dd 0 ; 001Ch - Hidden sectors brSectors dd 0 ; 0020h - Total number of sectors db 0 ; 0024h - Physical drive no. db 0 ; 0025h - Reserved (FAT32) db 29h ; 0026h - Extended boot record sig brSerialNum dd 404418EAh ; 0027h - Volume serial number (random) brLabel db 'OSAdventure' ; 002Bh - Volume label (11 chars) brFSID db 'FAT12 ' ; 0036h - File System ID (8 chars) ;------------------------------------------------------------------------ ; Boot code ; ---------------------------------------------------------------------- start: mov si, offset msg call showmsg hang: jmp hang msg db 'Loading...',0 showmsg: lodsb cmp al, 0 jz showmsgd push si mov bx, 0007 mov ah, 0eh int 10h pop si jmp showmsg showmsgd: retn ; ---------------------------------------------------------------------- ; Boot record signature ; ---------------------------------------------------------------------- dw 0AA55h ; Boot record signature END

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• VS2008: File creation fails randomly in unit testing?

  - by Tim

  I'm working on implementing a reasonably simple XML serializer/deserializer (log file parser) application in C# .NET with VS 2008. I have about 50 unit tests right now for various parts of the code (mostly for the various serialization operations), and some of them seem to be failing mostly at random when they deal with file I/O. The way the tests are structured is that in the test setup method, I create a new empty file at a certain predetermined location, and close the stream I get back. Then I run some basic tests on the file (varying by what exactly is under test). In the cleanup method, I delete the file again. A large portion (usually 30 or more, though the number varies run to run) of my unit tests will fail at the initialize method, claiming they can't access the file I'm trying to create. I can't pin down the exact reason, since a test that will work one run fails the next; they all succeed when run individually. What's the problem here? Why can't I access this file across multiple unit tests? Relevant methods for a unit test that will fail some of the time: [TestInitialize()] public void LogFileTestInitialize() { this.testFolder = System.Environment.GetFolderPath( System.Environment.SpecialFolder.LocalApplicationData ); this.testPath = this.testFolder + "\\empty.lfp"; System.IO.File.Create(this.testPath); } [TestMethod()] public void LogFileConstructorTest() { string filePath = this.testPath; LogFile target = new LogFile(filePath); Assert.AreNotEqual(null, target); Assert.AreEqual(this.testPath, target.filePath); Assert.AreEqual("empty.lfp", target.fileName); Assert.AreEqual(this.testFolder + "\\empty.lfp.lfpdat", target.metaPath); } [TestCleanup()] public void LogFileTestCleanup() { System.IO.File.Delete(this.testPath); } And the LogFile() constructor: public LogFile(String filePath) { this.entries = new List<Entry>(); this.filePath = filePath; this.metaPath = filePath + ".lfpdat"; this.fileName = filePath.Substring(filePath.LastIndexOf("\\") + 1); } The precise error message: Initialization method LogFileParserTester.LogFileTest.LogFileTestInitialize threw exception. System.IO.IOException: System.IO.IOException: The process cannot access the file 'C:\Users\<user>\AppData\Local\empty.lfp' because it is being used by another process..

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• ASP.Net JSON Web Service Post Form Data

  - by Will D

  I have a ASP.NET web service decorated with System.Web.Script.Services.ScriptService() so it can return json formatted data. This much is working for me, but ASP.Net has a requirement that parameters to the web service must be in json in order to get json out. I'm using jquery to run my ajax calls and there doesn't seem to be an easy way to create a nice javascript object from the form elements. I have looked at serialiseArray in the json2 library but it doesn't encode the field names as property name in the object. If you have 2 form elements like this <input type="text" name="namefirst" id="namefirst" value="John"/> <input type="text" name="namelast" id="namelast" value="Doe"/> calling $("form").serialize() will get you the standard query string namefirst=John&namelast=Doe calling JSON.stringify($("form").serializeArray()) will get you the (bulky) json representation [{"name":"namefirst","value":"John"},{"name":"namelast","value":"Doe"}] This will work when passing to the web service but its ugly as you have to have code like this to read it in: Public Class NameValuePair Public name As String Public value As String End Class <WebMethod()> _ Public Function GetQuote(ByVal nvp As NameValuePair()) As String End Function You would also have to wrap that json text inside another object nameed nvp to make the web service happy. Then its more work as all you have is an array of NameValuePair when you want an associative array. I might be kidding myself but i imagined something more elegant when i started this project - more like this Public Class Person Public namefirst As String Public namelast As String End Class which would require the json to look something like this: {"namefirst":"John","namelast":"Doe"} Is there an easy way to do this? Obviously it is simple for a form with two parameters but when you have a very large form concatenating strings gets ugly. Having nested objects would also complicate things The cludge I have settled on for the moment is to use the standard name value pair format stuffed inside a json object. This is compact and fast {"q":"namefirst=John&namelast=Doe"} then have a web method like this on the server that parses the query string into an associate array. <WebMethod()> _ Public Function AjaxForm(ByVal q As String) as string Dim params As NameValueCollection = HttpUtility.ParseQueryString(q) 'do stuff return "Hello" End Sub As far a cludges go this one seems reasonably elegant in terms of amount of code, but my question is: is there a better way? Is there a generally accepted way of passing form data to asp.net web/script services?

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• Erratic behavior with XPS editing: what could be going wrong?

  - by Ariel Arjona

  Hello folks, I'm working on a class that annotates existing XPS documents. The problem I've been having is that some annotations randomly don't make it to the finished document. The following test code is supposed to draw a rectangle on every page. On random pages the rectangle does not appear. Upon inspection of the page XML, the tags for the rectangle are missing. I run the program again and sometimes it appears on that particular page, sometimes it's then missing from some other page, sometimes from all but 1, and so on. public void TestXpsAnnotate() { var xpsFile = this.GetXpsFile(); var xpsDoc = new XpsDocument(xpsFile, FileAccess.Read); FixedDocumentSequence docSeq = xpsDoc.GetFixedDocumentSequence(); // new XPS document var newFds = new FixedDocumentSequence(); var newDocRef = new DocumentReference(); var newFixedDoc = new FixedDocument(); // get documents foreach (var docRef in docSeq.References) { FixedDocument fixedDoc = docRef.GetDocument(true); // get pages foreach (PageContent pageContent in fixedDoc.Pages) { var newPageContent = new PageContent(); newPageContent.Source = pageContent.Source; (newPageContent as IUriContext).BaseUri = ((IUriContext)pageContent).BaseUri; FixedPage fixedPage = newPageContent.GetPageRoot(true); var r = new System.Windows.Shapes.Rectangle() { Width = 300, Height = 400, Stroke = new SolidColorBrush(Colors.Red), Fill = new SolidColorBrush(Colors.Yellow), StrokeThickness = 3, }; //var r = new TextBlock(); //r.Text = "BLAH"; //r.Foreground = new SolidColorBrush(Colors.Red); var theCanvas = fixedPage.Children.Cast<UIElement>().OfType<Canvas>().First(); theCanvas.Children.Add(r); Canvas.SetLeft(r, 10); Canvas.SetTop(r, 10); fixedPage.UpdateLayout(); newFixedDoc.Pages.Add(newPageContent); } } xpsDoc.Close(); newDocRef.SetDocument(newFixedDoc); newFds.References.Add(newDocRef); string outputFile = this.GetOutputFile(); if (File.Exists(outputFile)) { File.Delete(outputFile); } var newXpsDoc = new XpsDocument(outputFile, FileAccess.ReadWrite); var writer = XpsDocument.CreateXpsDocumentWriter(newXpsDoc); writer.Write(newFds); newXpsDoc.Close(); } This code follows the examples I've seen around the internet and it seems to do what it's supposed to, when it works. Any idea what could be going wrong here?

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• Problem serializing complex data using WCF

  - by Gustavo Paulillo

  Scenario: WCF client app, calling a web-service (JAVA) operation, wich requires a complex object as parameter. Already got the metadata. Problem: The operation has some required fields. One of them is a enum. In the SOAP sent, isnt the field above (generated metadata) - Im using WCF diagnostics and Windows Service Trace Viewer: [System.CodeDom.Compiler.GeneratedCodeAttribute("System.Xml", "2.0.50727.3082")] [System.SerializableAttribute()] [System.Diagnostics.DebuggerStepThroughAttribute()] [System.ComponentModel.DesignerCategoryAttribute("code")] [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlTypeAttribute(TypeName="Consult-Filter", Namespace="http://webserviceX.org/")] public partial class ConsFilter : object, System.ComponentModel.INotifyPropertyChanged { private PersonType customerTypeField; Property: [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlElementAttribute("customer-type", Form=System.Xml.Schema.XmlSchemaForm.Unqualified, Order=1)] public PersonType customerType { get { return this.customerTypeField; } set { this.customerTypeField = value; this.RaisePropertyChanged("customerType"); } } The enum: [System.CodeDom.Compiler.GeneratedCodeAttribute("System.Xml", "2.0.50727.3082")] [System.SerializableAttribute()] [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlTypeAttribute(TypeName="Person-Type", Namespace="http://webserviceX.org/")] public enum PersonType { /// <remarks/> F, /// <remarks/> J, } The trace log: <MessageLogTraceRecord> <HttpRequest xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/2004/06/ServiceModel/Management/MessageTrace"> <Method>POST</Method> <QueryString></QueryString> <WebHeaders> <VsDebuggerCausalityData>data</VsDebuggerCausalityData> </WebHeaders> </HttpRequest> <s:Envelope xmlns:s="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/"> <s:Header> <Action s:mustUnderstand="1" xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/ws/2005/05/addressing/none"></Action> <ActivityId CorrelationId="correlationId" xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/2004/09/ServiceModel/Diagnostics">activityId</ActivityId> </s:Header> <s:Body xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"> <filter xmlns="http://webserviceX.org/"> <product-code xmlns="">116</product-code> <customer-doc xmlns="">777777777</customer-doc> </filter> </s:Body> </s:Envelope> </MessageLogTraceRecord>

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• Optimizing mathematics on arrays of floats in Ada 95 with GNAT

  - by mat_geek

  Consider the bellow code. This code is supposed to be processing data at a fixed rate, in one second batches, It is part of an overal system and can't take up too much time. When running over 100 lots of 1 seconds worth of data the program takes 35 seconds (or 35%), executing this function in a loop. The test loop is timed specifically with Ada.RealTime. The data is pregenerated so the majority of the execution time is definatetly in this loop. How do I improce the code to get the processing time down to a minimum? The code will be running on an Intel Pentium-M which is a P3 with SSE2. package FF is new Ada.Numerics.Generic_Elementary_Functions(Float); N : constant Integer := 820; type A is array(1 .. N) of Float; type A3 is array(1 .. 3) of A; procedure F(state : in out A3; result : out A3; l : in A; r : in A) is s : Float; t : Float; begin for i in 1 .. N loop t := l(i) + r(i); t := t / 2.0; state(1)(i) := t; state(2)(i) := t * 0.25 + state(2)(i) * 0.75; state(3)(i) := t * 1.0 /64.0 + state(2)(i) * 63.0 /64.0; for r in 1 .. 3 loop s := state(r)(i); t := FF."**"(s, 6.0) + 14.0; if t > MAX then t := MAX; elsif t < MIN then t := MIN; end if; result(r)(i) := FF.Log(t, 2.0); end loop; end loop; end; psuedocode for testing create two arrays of 80 random A3 arrays, called ls and rs; init the state and result A3 array record the realtime time now, called last for i in 1 .. 100 loop for j in 1 .. 80 loop F(state, result, ls(j), rs(j)); end loop; end loop; record the realtime time now, called curr output the duration between curr and last

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• Why can't I use __getattr__ with Django models?

  - by Joshmaker

  I've seen examples online of people using __getattr__ with Django models, but whenever I try I get errors. (Django 1.2.3) I don't have any problems when I am using __getattr__ on normal objects. For example: class Post(object): def __getattr__(self, name): return 42 Works just fine... >>> from blog.models import Post >>> p = Post() >>> p.random 42 Now when I try it with a Django model: from django.db import models class Post(models.Model): def __getattr__(self, name): return 42 And test it on on the interpreter: >>> from blog.models import Post >>> p = Post() ERROR: An unexpected error occurred while tokenizing input The following traceback may be corrupted or invalid The error message is: ('EOF in multi-line statement', (6, 0)) --------------------------------------------------------------------------- TypeError Traceback (most recent call last) /Users/josh/project/ in () /Users/josh/project/lib/python2.6/site-packages/django/db/models/base.pyc in init(self, *args, **kwargs) 338 if kwargs: 339 raise TypeError("'%s' is an invalid keyword argument for this function" % kwargs.keys()[0]) -- 340 signals.post_init.send(sender=self.class, instance=self) 341 342 def repr(self): /Users/josh/project/lib/python2.6/site-packages/django/dispatch/dispatcher.pyc in send(self, sender, **named) 160 161 for receiver in self._live_receivers(_make_id(sender)): -- 162 response = receiver(signal=self, sender=sender, **named) 163 responses.append((receiver, response)) 164 return responses /Users/josh/project/python2.6/site-packages/photologue/models.pyc in add_methods(sender, instance, signal, *args, **kwargs) 728 """ 729 if hasattr(instance, 'add_accessor_methods'): -- 730 instance.add_accessor_methods() 731 732 # connect the add_accessor_methods function to the post_init signal TypeError: 'int' object is not callable Can someone explain what is going on? EDIT: I may have been too abstract in the examples, here is some code that is closer to what I actually would use on the website: class Post(models.Model): title = models.CharField(max_length=255) slug = models.SlugField() date_published = models.DateTimeField() content = RichTextField('Content', blank=True, null=True) # Etc... Class CuratedPost(models.Model): post = models.ForeignKey('Post') position = models.PositiveSmallIntegerField() def __getattr__(self, name): ''' If the user tries to access a property of the CuratedPost, return the property of the Post instead... ''' return self.post.name # Etc... While I could create a property for each attribute of the Post class, that would lead to a lot of code duplication. Further more, that would mean anytime I add or edit a attribute of the Post class I would have to remember to make the same change to the CuratedPost class, which seems like a recipe for code rot.

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• get_or_create generic relations in Django & python debugging in general

  - by rabidpebble

  I ran the code to create the generically related objects from this demo: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/models/generic_relations/ Everything is good intially: >>> bacon.tags.create(tag="fatty") <TaggedItem: fatty> >>> tag, newtag = bacon.tags.get_or_create(tag="fatty") >>> tag <TaggedItem: fatty> >>> newtag False But then the use case that I'm interested in for my app: >>> tag, newtag = bacon.tags.get_or_create(tag="wholesome") Traceback (most recent call last): File "<console>", line 1, in <module> File "/usr/local/lib/python2.6/dist-packages/django/db/models/manager.py", line 123, in get_or_create return self.get_query_set().get_or_create(**kwargs) File "/usr/local/lib/python2.6/dist-packages/django/db/models/query.py", line 343, in get_or_create raise e IntegrityError: app_taggeditem.content_type_id may not be NULL I tried a bunch of random things after looking at other code: >>> tag, newtag = bacon.tags.get_or_create(tag="wholesome", content_type=TaggedItem) ValueError: Cannot assign "<class 'generics.app.models.TaggedItem'>": "TaggedItem.content_type" must be a "ContentType" instance. or: >>> tag, newtag = bacon.tags.get_or_create(tag="wholesome", content_type=TaggedItem.content_type) InterfaceError: Error binding parameter 3 - probably unsupported type. etc. I'm sure somebody can give me the correct syntax, but the real problem here is that I have no idea what is going on. I have developed in strongly typed languages for over ten years (x86 assembly, C++ and C#) but am new to Python. I find it really difficult to follow what is going on in Python when things like this break. In the languages I mentioned previously it's fairly straightforward to figure things like this out -- check the method signature and check your parameters. Looking at the Django documentation for half an hour left me just as lost. Looking at the source for get_or_create(self, **kwargs) didn't help either since there is no method signature and the code appears very generic. A next step would be to debug the method and try to figure out what is happening, but this seems a bit extreme... I seem to be missing some fundamental operating principle here... what is it? How do I resolve issues like this on my own in the future?

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