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• Enumerator Implementation: Use struct or class?

  - by Hosam Aly

  I noticed that List<T> defines its enumerator as a struct, while ArrayList defines its enumerator as a class. What's the difference? If I am to write an enumerator for my class, which one would be preferable? EDIT: My requirements cannot be fulfilled using yield, so I'm implementing an enumerator of my own. That said, I wonder whether it would be better to follow the lines of List<T> and implement it as a struct.

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• Is it legal to stub the #class method of a Mock object when using RSpec in a Ruby on Rails applicati

  - by MiniQuark

  I would like to stub the #class method of a mock object: describe Letter do before(:each) do @john = mock("John") @john.stub!(:id).and_return(5) @john.stub!(:class).and_return(Person) # is this ok? @john.stub!(:name).and_return("John F.") Person.stub!(:find).and_return(@john) end it.should "have a valid #to field" do letter = Letter.create!(:to=>@john, :content => "Hello John") letter.to_type.should == @john.class.name letter.to_id.should == @john.id end [...] end On line 5 of this program, I stub the #class method, in order to allow things like @john.class.name. Is this the right way to go? Will there be any bad side effect? Edit: The Letter class looks like this: class Letter < ActiveRecord::Base belongs_to :to, :polymorphic => true [...] end I wonder whether ActiveRecord gets the :to field's class name with to.class.name or by some other means. Maybe this is what the class_name method is ActiveRecord::Base is for?

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• Classes, constructor and pointer class members

  - by pocoa

  I'm a bit confused about the object references. Please check the examples below: class ListHandler { public: ListHandler(vector<int> &list); private: vector<int> list; } ListHandler::ListHandler(vector<int> &list) { this->list = list; } Here I would be wasting memory right? So the right one would be: class ListHandler { public: ListHandler(vector<int>* list); private: vector<int>* list; } ListHandler::ListHandler(vector<int>* list) { this->list = list; } ListHandler::~ListHandler() { delete list; }

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• Expand a class instance within a class instance in PropertryGrid

  - by Dmi

  In C#, I have a class set up like so: class Page { public class Element { private string test; public string Test { get { return test; } set { test = value; } } } private Element element; public Element PrimaryElement { get { return element; } set { element = value; } } } If I have a PropertyGrid where the select object is an instance of Page, how can I modify Test in its member PrimaryElement from the PropertyGrid? It shows up in grey and is not expandable nor editable.

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• coding an array in a class library and make a call to it C#

  - by eddy

  I'm new to C#, so this may be a basic question. What I need to do is put an array such as the one below in a class library and then make a call to it. So I'd want the aproprate picture to appear via the class and this array. I know there's a much simpler way to make certain pictures appear, but this is a requirement for the project. It's an asp.NET website in C#. string[] PictureArray; PictureArray = new string[3]; PictureArray[0] = "~/pics/grl.jpg"; PictureArray[1] = "~/pics/pop.jpg"; PictureArray[2] = "~/pics/str.jpg"; PictureArray[3] = "~/pics/unk.jpg";

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• Grails: JSONP callback without id and class in JSON file

  - by Klaas

  Hi, I am working on a REST based interface where people get a json file. The client needs to access the file from another Domain. I use jsonp which works so far. My problem is the rendering in Grails. At the moment I use the 'as JSON' to marshalling the object: render "${params.jsoncallback}(${user as JSON})" The Json file getting to the client inclused all attributes, incluing the id and class, which I do not want to have in there. In case it is not jsonp, I do it this way, which works great: render(contentType:'text/json'){ userName user.userName userImage user.userImage : : } So how do I get the id and class attributes out of the json when rendering "user as JSON"? Any idea? best regards, Klaas

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• Java anonymous class efficiency implications

  - by Po

  Is there any difference in efficiency (e.g. execution time, code size, etc.) between these two ways of doing things? Below are contrived examples that create objects and do nothing, but my actual scenarios may be creating new Threads, Listeners, etc. Assume the following pieces of code happen in a loop so that it might make a difference. Using anonymous objects: void doSomething() { for (/* Assume some loop */) { final Object obj1, obj2; // some free variables IWorker anonymousWorker = new IWorker() { doWork() { // do things that refer to obj1 and obj2 } }; } } Defining a class first: void doSomething() { for (/* Assume some loop */) { Object obj1, obj2; IWorker worker = new Worker(obj1, obj2); } } static class Worker implements IWorker { private Object obj1, obj2; public CustomObject(Object obj1, Object obj2) {/* blah blah */} @Override public void doWork() {} }; Thank you :)

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• Returning in a static class constructor

  - by Martijn Courteaux

  Hello, This isn't valid code: public class MyClass { private static boolean yesNo = false; static { if (yesNo) { System.out.println("Yes"); return; // The return statement is the problem } System.exit(0); } } This is a stupid example, but in a static class constructor we can't return;. Why? Are there good reasons for this? Does someone know something more about this? So the reason why I should do return is to end constructing there. Thanks

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• ERD-CLASS design

  - by Mahesh

  Hello guyz,i am new to daatbase and class diagram.I just get scenarios from internet and try to develop ERD and Class Diagram for them.But the following scenario has caused me some problems, and i am not sure about my design. "Whenever an employee fills leave application form, the leave application should be appeared for approval to his/her team leader. Team Leader has the option to change the date of requested leave and to approve or reject the leave. Employee also has the option to change date of previously unapproved leaves or to cancel any of unapproved leave. In case of team leader, he can approve his own leaves. Management should be able to create categories of leaves like (Casual, Sick, Planned work, etc) and should be able to adjust the days allocated to each type of leave". I have identified these as entities for ERD 1) Employee(I think i dont need to make entity for Technical lead,since he is an employee) 2) LeaveHistory 3) LeaveCategory Plz correct me if the system need more classes or entities

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• Error in writting a class.

  - by Richard

  I am running through a tutorial online at http://www.sthurlow.com/python/lesson08/ and I believe I understand how classes work in python, at least to some degree but when I run this code: class Shape: def init(self,x,y): self.x = x self.y = y description = "This shape has not been described yet" author = "Nobody has claimed to make this shape yet" def area(self): return self.x * self.y def perimeter(self): return 2 * self.x + 2 * self.y def describe(self,text): self.description = text def authorName(self,text): self.author = text def scaleSize(self,scale): self.x = self.x * scale self.y = self.y * scale I get this error: Traceback (most recent call last): File "Y:/python/Shape.py", line 1, in -toplevel- class Shape: File "Y:/python/Shape.py", line 17, in Shape self.y = self.y * scale NameError: name 'self' is not defined Any Help would be great Thanks Richard

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• Add class to .hover functionality on a specific class name - jQuery

  - by marcamillion

  So, throughout my entire document, I would like for every single time the user hovers over an element with a specific class name, I would like a class to be added. My CSS looks like this: .hotspot:hover, .hotspothover { border: 4px solid #fff; box-shadow: 0px 0px 20px #000; -webkit-box-shadow: 0px 0px 20px #000; -moz-box-shadow: 0px 0px 20px #000; z-index: 1; } Class name: "hotspot". I tried this, but it doesn't seem to work: $("#hotspot.hover #hotspothover").addClass("bubble bottom"); Thanks.

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• Interoperability when returning derived class by base class in WCF

  - by mt_serg

  I have some simple code: [DataContract] [KnownType(typeof(SpecialEvent))] public class Event { //data } [DataContract] public class SpecialEvent : Event { //data } [ServiceContract] public interface IService { [OperationContract] List<Event> GetEvents(); } [ServiceBehavior] public class Service : IService { public List<Event> GetEvents() { List<Event> events = new List<Event>(); events.Add(new Event()); events.Add(new SpecialEvent()); return events; } } I know that it works fine in case wcf to wcf. but what about interoperability? is it generate standart wsdl and any client can use the service or no?

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• Relevance of 'public' constructor in abstract class.

  - by Amby

  Is there any relevance of a 'public' constructor in an abstract class? I can not think of any possible way to use it, in that case shouldn't it be treated as error by compiler (C#, not sure if other languages allow that). Sample Code: internal abstract class Vehicle { public Vehicle() { } } The C# compiler allows this code to compile, while there is no way i can call this contructor from the outside world. It can be called from derived classes only. So shouldn't it allow 'protected' and 'private' modifiers only. Please comment.

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• Window Wrapper Class C++ (G++)

  - by Ell

  Hi all, I am attempting to learn about creating windows in c++, I have looked at an article about creating a wrapper class but I don't really understand it. So far I know that you can't have a class method WndProc (I dont know why) but honestly, that is all. Can somebody give an explanation, also explaining the reinterpret_cast? Here is the article. LRESULT CALLBACK Window::MsgRouter(HWND hwnd, UINT message, WPARAM wparam, LPARAM lparam) { Window *wnd = 0; if(message == WM_NCCREATE) { // retrieve Window instance from window creation data and associate wnd = reinterpret_cast<Window *>((LPCREATESTRUCT)lparam)->lpCreateParams; ::SetWindowLong(hwnd, GWL_USERDATA, reinterpret_cast<long>(wnd)); // save window handle wnd->SetHWND(hwnd); } else // retrieve associated Window instance wnd = reinterpret_cast<Window *>(::GetWindowLong(hwnd, GWL_USERDATA)); // call the windows message handler wnd->WndProc(message, wparam, lparam); } Thanks in advance, ell.

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• Calling a function within a class

  - by JM4

  I am having trouble calling a specific function within a class. The call is made: case "Mod10": if (!validateCreditCard($fields[$field_name])) $errors[] = $error_message; break; and the class code is: class CreditCardValidationSolution { var $CCVSNumber = ''; var $CCVSNumberLeft = ''; var $CCVSNumberRight = ''; var $CCVSType = ''; var $CCVSError = ''; function validateCreditCard($Number) { $this->CCVSNumber = ''; $this->CCVSNumberLeft = ''; $this->CCVSNumberRight = ''; $this->CCVSType = ''; $this->CCVSError = ''; // Catch malformed input. if (empty($Number) || !is_string($Number)) { $this->CCVSError = $CCVSErrNumberString; return FALSE; } // Ensure number doesn't overrun. $Number = substr($Number, 0, 20); // Remove non-numeric characters. $this->CCVSNumber = preg_replace('/[^0-9]/', '', $Number); // Set up variables. $this->CCVSNumberLeft = substr($this->CCVSNumber, 0, 4); $this->CCVSNumberRight = substr($this->CCVSNumber, -4); $NumberLength = strlen($this->CCVSNumber); $DoChecksum = 'Y'; // Mod10 checksum process... if ($DoChecksum == 'Y') { $Checksum = 0; // Add even digits in even length strings or odd digits in odd length strings. for ($Location = 1 - ($NumberLength % 2); $Location < $NumberLength; $Location += 2) { $Checksum += substr($this->CCVSNumber, $Location, 1); } // Analyze odd digits in even length strings or even digits in odd length strings. for ($Location = ($NumberLength % 2); $Location < $NumberLength; $Location += 2) { $Digit = substr($this->CCVSNumber, $Location, 1) * 2; if ($Digit < 10) { $Checksum += $Digit; } else { $Checksum += $Digit - 9; } } // Checksums not divisible by 10 are bad. if ($Checksum % 10 != 0) { $this->CCVSError = $CCVSErrChecksum; return FALSE; } } return TRUE; } } When I run the application - I get the following message: Fatal error: Call to undefined function validateCreditCard() in C:\xampp\htdocs\validation.php on line 339 any ideas?

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• function and class to show image not working in php

  - by Gully

  i am trying to get get the following working nothing is happen when i use the function i am trying to get it to display images class ItemRes { //items DB var $img=""; } function ShowItemImage($index,$res_a){ if(sizeof($res_a) > $index){ if($res_a[$index] != NULL) { $cimg = $res_a[$index]->img; return "<img src='$cimg' width='70' height='70' style='cursor:pointer'></img>"; } }else{ return "<center class='whitetxt'><strong>Empty</strong></center>"; } } $res_array = array(); $idx=0; $result21 = mysql_query("SELECT * FROM photos WHERE eid='$eid' ORDER BY id DESC") or die (mysql_error()); while ($row21 = mysql_fetch_array($result21)) { $img_path = $row21['path']; $obj = new ItemRes(); $obj->img = $img_path; $res_array[$idx] = $obj; $idx++; } ShowItemImage(0,$res_array) ShowItemImage(1,$res_array)

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• Specialization of template class for a given templated class

  - by Maxime

  I have a templated class Matrix. I want to write a specialization for complex numbers. How can I do that ? I suspect this won't work : template <typename T> class Matrix { ... } template <typename T2> class Matrix<std::complex<T2> > { ... } But what will ?

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• Relvance of 'public' contructor in abstract class.

  - by Amby

  Is there any relevance of a 'public' constructor in an abstract class? I can not think of any possible way to use it, in that case shouldn't it be treated as error by compiler (C#, not sure if other languages allow that). Sample Code: internal abstract class Vehicle { public Vehicle() { } } The C# compiler allows this code to compile, while there is no way i can call this contructor from the outside world. It can be called from derived classes only. So shouldn't it allow 'protected' and 'private' modifiers only. Please comment.

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• Basic class returns onject reference instead of Array

  - by php-b-grader

  I have very basic class: class Customer { protected $id; protected $customer; public function __construct($customer_id) { $this->id = $customer_id; return $this->set_customer(); } protected function set_customer() { $query = mysql_query("SELECT * FROM customer WHERE id = '$this->id'"); $this->customer = mysql_fetch_row($query); return $this->customer; } } $customer = new Customer($order->customer->id); print_r($customer); This is not doing what I want it to but I understand why... $customer returns a reference to the Customer Object... But what I want is the MySQL row array from the mysql_fetch_row() call... What am I missing?

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• Assigning a variable of a struct that contains an instance of a class to another variable

  - by xport

  In my understanding, assigning a variable of a struct to another variable of the same type will make a copy. But this rule seems broken as shown on the following figure. Could you explain why this happened? using System; namespace ReferenceInValue { class Inner { public int data; public Inner(int data) { this.data = data; } } struct Outer { public Inner inner; public Outer(int data) { this.inner = new Inner(data); } } class Program { static void Main(string[] args) { Outer p1 = new Outer(1); Outer p2 = p1; Console.WriteLine("p1:{0}, p2:{1}", p1.inner.data, p2.inner.data); p1.inner.data = 2; Console.WriteLine("p1:{0}, p2:{1}", p1.inner.data, p2.inner.data); p2.inner.data = 3; Console.WriteLine("p1:{0}, p2:{1}", p1.inner.data, p2.inner.data); Console.ReadKey(); } } }

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• Need help with developing a class for my JUnit test

  - by alpdog14

  I have this JUnit test that I need help developing a Interface and Class for, here is the test: Box b1 = new DefaultBox( "abc" ); Box b2 = new DefaultBox( "def" ); Box b3 = new DefaultBox( "" ); assertEquals("abc", b1.contents()); assertEquals("[abc]", b1.toString()); assertTrue(b1.equals(b1)); assertFalse(b1.equals(b2)); assertFalse(b1.equals(null)); assertEquals("cba", b1.flip().contents()); assertEquals("", b3.flip().contents()); can anyone help me in developing a Default box class and a box interface to make these test pass? Any help would be most appreciated.

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• Python grab class in class definition.

  - by epochwolf

  I don't even know how to explain this, so here is the code I'm trying. class Test: type = self.__name__ #self doesn't work, how do I get a reference to Test? class Test2(Test): pass #Test2.type should return "Test2" The reason I'm even trying this is I'm working on creating a base class for an orm I'm using. I want to avoid defining the table name for every model I have. Also knowing what the limits of python is will help me avoid wasting time trying impossible things.

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• Improve this snippet from a prototype class

  - by seengee

  This is a snippet from a prototype class i am putting together. The scoping workaround feels a little hacky to me, can it be improved or done differently? var myClass = Class.create({ initialize: function() { $('formid').getElements().each(function(el){ $(el).observe("blur", function(){ this.validateEl(el); }.bind(this,el)); },this); }, validateEl: function(el){ // validate $(el) in here... } }); Also, it seems to me that i could be doing something like this for the event observers: $('formid').getElements().invoke("observe","blur" ... Not sure how i would pass the element references in though?

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• Purpose of Instance Methods vs. Class Methods in Objective-C

  - by qegal

  I have checked out all these questions... Difference Class and Instance Methods Difference between class methods and instance methods? Objective-C: Class vs Instance Methods? ...and all they explain is how instance methods are used on instances of a class and class methods are used with the class name, when a message is sent to a class object. This is helpful, but I'm curious to know why one would use a class method vs. an instance method. I'm fairly new to iOS application development, and usually use class methods, and I feel like I'm doing something wrong. Thanks in advanced!

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• How can I reuse a base class function in a derived class

  - by Armen Ablak

  Let's say we have these four classes: BinaryTree, SplayTree (which is a sub-class of BinaryTree), BinaryNode and SplayNode (which is a sub-class of BinaryNode). In class BinaryTree I have 2 Find functions, like this bool Find(const T &) const; virtual Node<T> * Find(const T &, Node<T> *) const; and in SplayTree I would like to reuse the second one, because it works in the same way (for example) as in SplayTree, the only thing different is the return type, which is SplayNode. I thought it might be enough if I use this line in SplayTree.cpp using BinaryTree::Find; but it isn't. So, how can I do this?

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