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  • Team Foundation Server 2012 Build Global List Problems

    - by Bob Hardister
    My experience with the upgrade and use of TFS 2012 has been very positive. I did come across a couple of issues recently that tripped things up for a while. ISSUE 1 The first issue is that 2012 prior to Update 1 published an invalid build list item value to the collection global list. In 2010, the build global list, list item value syntax is an underscore between the build definition and the build number. In the 2012 RTM this underscore was replaced with a backslash, which is invalid.  Specifically, an upload of the global list fails when the backslash is followed at some point by a period. The error when using the API is: <detail ExceptionMessage="TF26204: The account you entered is not recognized. Contact your Team Foundation Server administrator to add your account." BaseExceptionName="Microsoft.TeamFoundation.WorkItemTracking.Server.ValidationException"><details id="600019" http://schemas.microsoft.com/TeamFoundation/2005/06/WorkItemTracking/faultdetail/03"http://schemas.microsoft.com/TeamFoundation/2005/06/WorkItemTracking/faultdetail/03" /></detail> when uploading the global list via the process editor the error is: This issue is corrected in Update1 as the backslash is changed to a forward slash. ISSUE 2 The second issue is that when upgrading from 2010 to 2012, the builds in 2010 are not published to the 2012 global list.  After the upgrade the 2012 global lists doesn’t have any builds and only builds run in 2012 are published to the global list. This was reported to the MSDN forums and Connect. To correct this I wrote a utility to pull all the builds and recreate the builds global list for each project in each collection.  This is a console application with a program.cs, a globallists.cs and a app.config (not published here). The utility connects to TFS 2012, loops through the collections or a target collection as specified in the app.config. Then loops through the projects, the build definitions, and builds.  It creates a global list for each project if that project has at least one build. Then it imports the new list to TFS.  Here’s the code for program and globalists classes. Program.CS using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Text; using Microsoft.TeamFoundation.Framework.Client; using Microsoft.TeamFoundation.Framework.Common; using Microsoft.TeamFoundation.Client; using Microsoft.TeamFoundation.Server; using System.IO; using System.Xml; using Microsoft.TeamFoundation.WorkItemTracking.Client; using System.Diagnostics; using Utilities; using System.Configuration; namespace TFSProjectUpdater_CLC { class Program { static void Main(string[] args) { DateTime temp_d = System.DateTime.Now; string logName = temp_d.ToShortDateString(); logName = logName.Replace("/", "_"); logName = logName + "_" + temp_d.TimeOfDay; logName = logName.Replace(":", "."); logName = "TFSGlobalListBuildsUpdater_" + logName + ".log"; Trace.Listeners.Add(new TextWriterTraceListener(Path.Combine(ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["logLocation"], logName))); Trace.AutoFlush = true; Trace.WriteLine("Start:" + DateTime.Now.ToString()); Console.WriteLine("Start:" + DateTime.Now.ToString()); string tfsServer = ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["TargetTFS"].ToString(); GlobalLists gl = new GlobalLists(); //replace this with the URL to your TFS instance. Uri tfsUri = new Uri("https://" + tfsServer + "/tfs"); //bool foundLite = false; TfsConfigurationServer config = new TfsConfigurationServer(tfsUri, new UICredentialsProvider()); config.EnsureAuthenticated(); ITeamProjectCollectionService collectionService = config.GetService<ITeamProjectCollectionService>(); IList<TeamProjectCollection> collections = collectionService.GetCollections().OrderBy(collection => collection.Name.ToString()).ToList(); //target Collection string targetCollection = ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["targetCollection"]; foreach (TeamProjectCollection coll in collections) { if (targetCollection.Equals(string.Empty)) { if (!coll.Name.Equals("TFS Archive") && !coll.Name.Equals("DefaultCol") && !coll.Name.Equals("Team Project Template Gallery")) { doWork(coll, tfsServer); } } else { if (coll.Name.Equals(targetCollection)) { doWork(coll, tfsServer); } } } Trace.WriteLine("Finished:" + DateTime.Now.ToString()); Console.WriteLine("Finished:" + DateTime.Now.ToString()); if (System.Diagnostics.Debugger.IsAttached) { Console.WriteLine("\nHit any key to exit..."); Console.ReadKey(); } Trace.Close(); } static void doWork(TeamProjectCollection coll, string tfsServer) { GlobalLists gl = new GlobalLists(); //target Collection string targetProject = ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["targetProject"]; Trace.WriteLine("Collection: " + coll.Name); Uri u = new Uri("https://" + tfsServer + "/tfs/" + coll.Name.ToString()); TfsTeamProjectCollection c = TfsTeamProjectCollectionFactory.GetTeamProjectCollection(u); ICommonStructureService icss = c.GetService<ICommonStructureService>(); try { Trace.WriteLine("\tChecking Collection Global Lists."); gl.RebuildBuildGlobalLists(c); } catch (Exception ex) { Console.WriteLine("Exception! :" + coll.Name); } } } } GlobalLists.CS using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Text; using Microsoft.TeamFoundation.Client; using Microsoft.TeamFoundation.Framework.Client; using Microsoft.TeamFoundation.Framework.Common; using Microsoft.TeamFoundation.Server; using Microsoft.TeamFoundation.WorkItemTracking.Client; using Microsoft.TeamFoundation.Build.Client; using System.Configuration; using System.Xml; using System.Xml.Linq; using System.Diagnostics; namespace Utilities { public class GlobalLists { string GL_NewList = @"<gl:GLOBALLISTS xmlns:gl=""http://schemas.microsoft.com/VisualStudio/2005/workitemtracking/globallists""> <GLOBALLIST> </GLOBALLIST> </gl:GLOBALLISTS>"; public void RebuildBuildGlobalLists(TfsTeamProjectCollection _tfs) { WorkItemStore wis = new WorkItemStore(_tfs); //export the current globals lists file for the collection to save as a backup XmlDocument globalListsFile = wis.ExportGlobalLists(); globalListsFile.Save(@"c:\temp\" + _tfs.Name.Replace("\\", "_") + "_backupGlobalList.xml"); LogExportCurrentCollectionGlobalListsAsBackup(_tfs); //Build a new global build list from each build definition within each team project IBuildServer buildServer = _tfs.GetService<IBuildServer>(); foreach (Project p in wis.Projects) { XmlDocument newProjectGlobalList = new XmlDocument(); newProjectGlobalList.LoadXml(GL_NewList); LogInstanciateNewProjectBuildGlobalList(_tfs, p); BuildNewProjectBuildGlobalList(_tfs, wis, newProjectGlobalList, buildServer, p); LogEndOfProject(_tfs, p); } } // Private Methods private static void BuildNewProjectBuildGlobalList(TfsTeamProjectCollection _tfs, WorkItemStore wis, XmlDocument newProjectGlobalList, IBuildServer buildServer, Project p) { //locate the template node XmlNamespaceManager nsmgr = new XmlNamespaceManager(newProjectGlobalList.NameTable); nsmgr.AddNamespace("gl", "http://schemas.microsoft.com/VisualStudio/2005/workitemtracking/globallists"); XmlNode node = newProjectGlobalList.SelectSingleNode("//gl:GLOBALLISTS/GLOBALLIST", nsmgr); LogLocatedGlobalListNode(_tfs, p); //add the name attribute for the project build global list XmlElement buildListNode = (XmlElement)node; buildListNode.SetAttribute("name", "Builds - " + p.Name); LogAddedBuildNodeName(_tfs, p); //add new builds to the team project build global list bool buildsExist = false; if (AddNewBuilds(_tfs, newProjectGlobalList, buildServer, p, node, buildsExist)) { //import the new build global list for each project that has builds newProjectGlobalList.Save(@"c:\temp\" + _tfs.Name.Replace("\\", "_") + "_" + p.Name + "_" + "newGlobalList.xml"); //write out temp copy of the global list file to be imported LogImportReady(_tfs, p); wis.ImportGlobalLists(newProjectGlobalList.InnerXml); LogImportComplete(_tfs, p); } } private static bool AddNewBuilds(TfsTeamProjectCollection _tfs, XmlDocument newProjectGlobalList, IBuildServer buildServer, Project p, XmlNode node, bool buildsExist) { var buildDefinitions = buildServer.QueryBuildDefinitions(p.Name); foreach (var buildDefinition in buildDefinitions) { var builds = buildDefinition.QueryBuilds(); foreach (var build in builds) { //insert the builds into the current build list node in the correct 2012 format buildsExist = true; XmlElement listItem = newProjectGlobalList.CreateElement("LISTITEM"); listItem.SetAttribute("value", buildDefinition.Name + "/" + build.BuildNumber.ToString().Replace(buildDefinition.Name + "_", "")); node.AppendChild(listItem); } } if (buildsExist) LogBuildListCreated(_tfs, p); else LogNoBuildsInProject(_tfs, p); return buildsExist; } // Logging Methods private static void LogExportCurrentCollectionGlobalListsAsBackup(TfsTeamProjectCollection _tfs) { Trace.WriteLine("\tExported Global List for " + _tfs.Name + " collection."); Console.WriteLine("\tExported Global List for " + _tfs.Name + " collection."); } private void LogInstanciateNewProjectBuildGlobalList(TfsTeamProjectCollection _tfs, Project p) { Trace.WriteLine("\t\tInstanciated the new build global list for project " + p.Name + " in the " + _tfs.Name + " collection."); Console.WriteLine("\t\tInstanciated the new build global list for project \n\t\t\t" + p.Name + " in the \n\t\t\t" + _tfs.Name + " collection."); } private static void LogLocatedGlobalListNode(TfsTeamProjectCollection _tfs, Project p) { Trace.WriteLine("\t\tLocated the build global list node for project " + p.Name + " in the " + _tfs.Name + " collection."); Console.WriteLine("\t\tLocated the build global list node for project \n\t\t\t" + p.Name + " in the \n\t\t\t" + _tfs.Name + " collection."); } private static void LogAddedBuildNodeName(TfsTeamProjectCollection _tfs, Project p) { Trace.WriteLine("\t\tAdded the name attribute to the build global list for project " + p.Name + " in the " + _tfs.Name + " collection."); Console.WriteLine("\t\tAdded the name attribute to the build global list for project \n\t\t\t" + p.Name + " in the \n\t\t\t" + _tfs.Name + " collection."); } private static void LogBuildListCreated(TfsTeamProjectCollection _tfs, Project p) { Trace.WriteLine("\t\tAdded all builds into the " + "Builds - " + p.Name + " list in the " + _tfs.Name + " collection."); Console.WriteLine("\t\tAdded all builds into the " + "Builds - \n\t\t\t" + p.Name + " list in the \n\t\t\t" + _tfs.Name + " collection."); } private static void LogNoBuildsInProject(TfsTeamProjectCollection _tfs, Project p) { Trace.WriteLine("\t\tNo builds found for project " + p.Name + " in the " + _tfs.Name + " collection."); Console.WriteLine("\t\tNo builds found for project " + p.Name + " \n\t\t\tin the " + _tfs.Name + " collection."); } private void LogEndOfProject(TfsTeamProjectCollection _tfs, Project p) { Trace.WriteLine("\t\tEND OF PROJECT " + p.Name); Trace.WriteLine(" "); Console.WriteLine("\t\tEND OF PROJECT " + p.Name); Console.WriteLine(); } private static void LogImportReady(TfsTeamProjectCollection _tfs, Project p) { Trace.WriteLine("\t\tReady to import the build global list for project " + p.Name + " to the " + _tfs.Name + " collection."); Console.WriteLine("\t\tReady to import the build global list for project \n\t\t\t" + p.Name + " to the \n\t\t\t" + _tfs.Name + " collection."); } private static void LogImportComplete(TfsTeamProjectCollection _tfs, Project p) { Trace.WriteLine("\t\tImport of the build global list for project " + p.Name + " to the " + _tfs.Name + " collection completed."); Console.WriteLine("\t\tImport of the build global list for project \n\t\t\t" + p.Name + " to the \n\t\t\t" + _tfs.Name + " collection completed."); } } }

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  • Javascript Module pattern with DOM ready

    - by dego89
    I am writing a JS Module pattern to test out code and help me understand the pattern, using a JS Fiddle. What I can't figure out is why my "private methods" on line 25 and 26, when referenced via DOM ready, have a value of undefined. JSFiddle Code Sample: var obj = { key: "value" }; var Module = (function () { var innerVar = "5"; console.log("obj var in Module:"); console.log(obj); function privateFunction() { console.log("privateFunction() called."); innerFunction(); function innerFunction() { console.log("inner function of (private function) called."); } } function _numTwo() { console.log("_numTwo() function called."); } return { test: privateFunction, numTwo: _numTwo } }(obj)); $(document).ready(function () { console.log("$ Dom Ready"); console.log("Module in Dom Ready: "); console.log(Module.test()); });

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  • How to create a function and pass in variable length argument list?

    - by Jian Lin
    We can create a function p in the following code: var p = function() { }; if (typeof(console) != 'undefined' && console.log) { p = function() { console.log(arguments); }; } but the arguments are passed like an array to console.log, instead of passed one by one as in console.log(arguments[0], arguments[1], arguments[2], ... Is there a way to expand the arguments and pass to console.log like the way above? Note that if the original code were var p = function() { }; if (typeof(console) != 'undefined' && console.log) { p = console.log; } then it works well on Firefox and IE 8 but not on Chrome.

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  • c# Multi diemention (array, arraylist, or hashtable) ?

    - by Data-Base
    hello, I'm trying to figure out how to build a multi dimensional "array" that is: flexible size use 2 keys 1st key is int (flexible) 2nd key is string (kind of limited) the use will be like console.writelen(array[0]["firstname"]); console.writelen(array[0]["lastname"]); console.writelen(array[0]["phone"]); console.writelen(array[1]["firstname"]); console.writelen(array[1]["lastname"]); console.writelen(array[1]["phone"]); ..... ..... console.writelen(array[x]["firstname"]); console.writelen(array[x]["lastname"]); console.writelen(array[x]["phone"]); something like this

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  • UAT Testing for SOA 10G Clusters

    - by [email protected]
    A lot of customers ask how to verify their SOA clusters and make them production ready. Here is a list that I recommend using for 10G SOA Clusters. v\:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);} o\:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);} w\:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);} .shape {behavior:url(#default#VML);} Normal 0 false false false EN-CA X-NONE X-NONE /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Table Normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-qformat:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin-top:0cm; mso-para-margin-right:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:10.0pt; mso-para-margin-left:0cm; line-height:115%; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-language:EN-US;} Test cases for each component - Oracle Application Server 10G General Application Server test cases This section is going to cover very General test cases to make sure that the Application Server cluster has been set up correctly and if you can start and stop all the components in the server via opmnct and AS Console. Test Case 1 Check if you can see AS instances in the console Implementation 1. Log on to the AS Console --> check to see if you can see all the nodes in your AS cluster. You should be able to see all the Oracle AS instances that are part of the cluster. This means that the OPMN clustering worked and the AS instances successfully joined the AS cluster. Result You should be able to see if all the instances in the AS cluster are listed in the EM console. If the instances are not listed here are the files to check to see if OPMN joined the cluster properly: $ORACLE_HOME\opmn\logs{*}opmn.log*$ORACLE_HOME\opmn\logs{*}opmn.dbg* If OPMN did not join the cluster properly, please check the opmn.xml file to make sure the discovery multicast address and port are correct (see this link  for opmn documentation). Restart the whole instance using opmnctl stopall followed by opmnctl startall. Log on to AS console to see if instance is listed as part of the cluster. Test Case 2 Check to see if you can start/stop each component Implementation Check each OC4J component on each AS instanceStart each and every component through the AS console to see if they will start and stop.Do that for each and every instance. Result Each component should start and stop through the AS console. You can also verify if the component started by checking opmnctl status by logging onto each box associated with the cluster Test Case 3 Add/modify a datasource entry through AS console on a remote AS instance (not on the instance where EM is physically running) Implementation Pick an OC4J instanceCreate a new data-source through the AS consoleModify an existing data-source or connection pool (optional) Result Open $ORACLE_HOME\j2ee\<oc4j_name>\config\data-sources.xml to see if the new (and or the modified) connection details and data-source exist. If they do then the AS console has successfully updated a remote file and MBeans are communicating correctly. Test Case 4 Start and stop AS instances using opmnctl @cluster command Implementation 1. Go to $ORACLE_HOME\opmn\bin and use the opmnctl @cluster to start and stop the AS instances Result Use opmnctl @cluster status to check for start and stop statuses.  HTTP server test cases This section will deal with use cases to test HTTP server failover scenarios. In these examples the HTTP server will be talking to the BPEL console (or any other web application that the client wants), so the URL will be _http://hostname:port\BPELConsole Test Case 1  Shut down one of the HTTP servers while accessing the BPEL console and see the requested routed to the second HTTP server in the cluster Implementation Access the BPELConsoleCheck $ORACLE_HOME\Apache\Apache\logs\access_log --> check for the timestamp and the URL that was accessed by the user. Timestamp and URL would look like this 1xx.2x.2xx.xxx [24/Mar/2009:16:04:38 -0500] "GET /BPELConsole=System HTTP/1.1" 200 15 After you have figured out which HTTP server this is running on, shut down this HTTP server by using opmnctl stopproc --> this is a graceful shutdown.Access the BPELConsole again (please note that you should have a LoadBalancer in front of the HTTP server and configured the Apache Virtual Host, see EDG for steps)Check $ORACLE_HOME\Apache\Apache\logs\access_log --> check for the timestamp and the URL that was accessed by the user. Timestamp and URL would look like above Result Even though you are shutting down the HTTP server the request is routed to the surviving HTTP server, which is then able to route the request to the BPEL Console and you are able to access the console. By checking the access log file you can confirm that the request is being picked up by the surviving node. Test Case 2 Repeat the same test as above but instead of calling opmnctl stopproc, pull the network cord of one of the HTTP servers, so that the LBR routes the request to the surviving HTTP node --> this is simulating a network failure. Test Case 3 In test case 1 we have simulated a graceful shutdown, in this case we will simulate an Apache crash Implementation Use opmnctl status -l to get the PID of the HTTP server that you would like forcefully bring downOn Linux use kill -9 <PID> to kill the HTTP serverAccess the BPEL console Result As you shut down the HTTP server, OPMN will restart the HTTP server. The restart may be so quick that the LBR may still route the request to the same server. One way to check if the HTTP server restared is to check the new PID and the timestamp in the access log for the BPEL console. BPEL test cases This section is going to cover scenarios dealing with BPEL clustering using jGroups, BPEL deployment and testing related to BPEL failover. Test Case 1 Verify that jGroups has initialized correctly. There is no real testing in this use case just a visual verification by looking at log files that jGroups has initialized correctly. Check the opmn log for the BPEL container for all nodes at $ORACLE_HOME/opmn/logs/<group name><container name><group name>~1.log. This logfile will contain jGroups related information during startup and steady-state operation. Soon after startup you should find log entries for UDP or TCP.Example jGroups Log Entries for UDPApr 3, 2008 6:30:37 PM org.collaxa.thirdparty.jgroups.protocols.UDP createSockets ·         INFO: sockets will use interface 144.25.142.172·          ·         Apr 3, 2008 6:30:37 PM org.collaxa.thirdparty.jgroups.protocols.UDP createSockets·          ·         INFO: socket information:·          ·         local_addr=144.25.142.172:1127, mcast_addr=228.8.15.75:45788, bind_addr=/144.25.142.172, ttl=32·         sock: bound to 144.25.142.172:1127, receive buffer size=64000, send buffer size=32000·         mcast_recv_sock: bound to 144.25.142.172:45788, send buffer size=32000, receive buffer size=64000·         mcast_send_sock: bound to 144.25.142.172:1128, send buffer size=32000, receive buffer size=64000·         Apr 3, 2008 6:30:37 PM org.collaxa.thirdparty.jgroups.protocols.TP$DiagnosticsHandler bindToInterfaces·          ·         -------------------------------------------------------·          ·         GMS: address is 144.25.142.172:1127·          ------------------------------------------------------- Example jGroups Log Entries for TCPApr 3, 2008 6:23:39 PM org.collaxa.thirdparty.jgroups.blocks.ConnectionTable start ·         INFO: server socket created on 144.25.142.172:7900·          ·         Apr 3, 2008 6:23:39 PM org.collaxa.thirdparty.jgroups.protocols.TP$DiagnosticsHandler bindToInterfaces·          ·         -------------------------------------------------------·         GMS: address is 144.25.142.172:7900------------------------------------------------------- In the log below the "socket created on" indicates that the TCP socket is established on the own node at that IP address and port the "created socket to" shows that the second node has connected to the first node, matching the logfile above with the IP address and port.Apr 3, 2008 6:25:40 PM org.collaxa.thirdparty.jgroups.blocks.ConnectionTable start ·         INFO: server socket created on 144.25.142.173:7901·          ·         Apr 3, 2008 6:25:40 PM org.collaxa.thirdparty.jgroups.protocols.TP$DiagnosticsHandler bindToInterfaces·          ·         ------------------------------------------------------·         GMS: address is 144.25.142.173:7901·         -------------------------------------------------------·         Apr 3, 2008 6:25:41 PM org.collaxa.thirdparty.jgroups.blocks.ConnectionTable getConnectionINFO: created socket to 144.25.142.172:7900  Result By reviewing the log files, you can confirm if BPEL clustering at the jGroups level is working and that the jGroup channel is communicating. Test Case 2  Test connectivity between BPEL Nodes Implementation Test connections between different cluster nodes using ping, telnet, and traceroute. The presence of firewalls and number of hops between cluster nodes can affect performance as they have a tendency to take down connections after some time or simply block them.Also reference Metalink Note 413783.1: "How to Test Whether Multicast is Enabled on the Network." Result Using the above tools you can confirm if Multicast is working  and whether BPEL nodes are commnunicating. Test Case3 Test deployment of BPEL suitcase to one BPEL node.  Implementation Deploy a HelloWorrld BPEL suitcase (or any other client specific BPEL suitcase) to only one BPEL instance using ant, or JDeveloper or via the BPEL consoleLog on to the second BPEL console to check if the BPEL suitcase has been deployed Result If jGroups has been configured and communicating correctly, BPEL clustering will allow you to deploy a suitcase to a single node, and jGroups will notify the second instance of the deployment. The second BPEL instance will go to the DB and pick up the new deployment after receiving notification. The result is that the new deployment will be "deployed" to each node, by only deploying to a single BPEL instance in the BPEL cluster. Test Case 4  Test to see if the BPEL server failsover and if all asynch processes are picked up by the secondary BPEL instance Implementation Deploy a 2 Asynch process: A ParentAsynch Process which calls a ChildAsynchProcess with a variable telling it how many times to loop or how many seconds to sleepA ChildAsynchProcess that loops or sleeps or has an onAlarmMake sure that the processes are deployed to both serversShut down one BPEL serverOn the active BPEL server call ParentAsynch a few times (use the load generation page)When you have enough ParentAsynch instances shut down this BPEL instance and start the other one. Please wait till this BPEL instance shuts down fully before starting up the second one.Log on to the BPEL console and see that the instance were picked up by the second BPEL node and completed Result The BPEL instance will failover to the secondary node and complete the flow ESB test cases This section covers the use cases involved with testing an ESB cluster. For this section please Normal 0 false false false EN-CA X-NONE X-NONE /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Table Normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-qformat:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin-top:0cm; mso-para-margin-right:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:10.0pt; mso-para-margin-left:0cm; line-height:115%; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-language:EN-US;} follow Metalink Note 470267.1 which covers the basic tests to verify your ESB cluster.

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  • Running SSIS packages from C#

    - by Piotr Rodak
    Most of the developers and DBAs know about two ways of deploying packages: You can deploy them to database server and run them using SQL Server Agent job or you can deploy the packages to file system and run them using dtexec.exe utility. Both approaches have their pros and cons. However I would like to show you that there is a third way (sort of) that is often overlooked, and it can give you capabilities the ‘traditional’ approaches can’t. I have been working for a few years with applications that run packages from host applications that are implemented in .NET. As you know, SSIS provides programming model that you can use to implement more flexible solutions. SSIS applications are usually thought to be batch oriented, with fairly rigid architecture and processing model, with fixed timeframes when the packages are executed to process data. It doesn’t to be the case, you don’t have to limit yourself to batch oriented architecture. I have very good experiences with service oriented architectures processing large amounts of data. These applications are more complex than what I would like to show here, but the principle stays the same: you can execute packages as a service, on ad-hoc basis. You can also implement and schedule various signals, HTTP calls, file drops, time schedules, Tibco messages and other to run the packages. You can implement event handler that will trigger execution of SSIS when a certain event occurs in StreamInsight stream. This post is just a small example of how you can use the API and other features to create a service that can run SSIS packages on demand. I thought it might be a good idea to implement a restful service that would listen to requests and execute appropriate actions. As it turns out, it is trivial in C#. The application is implemented as console application for the ease of debugging and running. In reality, you might want to implement the application as Windows service. To begin, you have to reference namespace System.ServiceModel.Web and then add a few lines of code: Uri baseAddress = new Uri("http://localhost:8011/");               WebServiceHost svcHost = new WebServiceHost(typeof(PackRunner), baseAddress);                           try             {                 svcHost.Open();                   Console.WriteLine("Service is running");                 Console.WriteLine("Press enter to stop the service.");                 Console.ReadLine();                   svcHost.Close();             }             catch (CommunicationException cex)             {                 Console.WriteLine("An exception occurred: {0}", cex.Message);                 svcHost.Abort();             } The interesting lines are 3, 7 and 13. In line 3 you create a WebServiceHost object. In line 7 you start listening on the defined URL and then in line 13 you shut down the service. As you have noticed, the WebServiceHost constructor is accepting type of an object (here: PackRunner) that will be instantiated as singleton and subsequently used to process the requests. This is the class where you put your logic, but to tell WebServiceHost how to use it, the class must implement an interface which declares methods to be used by the host. The interface itself must be ornamented with attribute ServiceContract. [ServiceContract]     public interface IPackRunner     {         [OperationContract]         [WebGet(UriTemplate = "runpack?package={name}")]         string RunPackage1(string name);           [OperationContract]         [WebGet(UriTemplate = "runpackwithparams?package={name}&rows={rows}")]         string RunPackage2(string name, int rows);     } Each method that is going to be used by WebServiceHost has to have attribute OperationContract, as well as WebGet or WebInvoke attribute. The detailed discussion of the available options is outside of scope of this post. I also recommend using more descriptive names to methods . Then, you have to provide the implementation of the interface: public class PackRunner : IPackRunner     {         ... There are two methods defined in this class. I think that since the full code is attached to the post, I will show only the more interesting method, the RunPackage2.   /// <summary> /// Runs package and sets some of its variables. /// </summary> /// <param name="name">Name of the package</param> /// <param name="rows">Number of rows to export</param> /// <returns></returns> public string RunPackage2(string name, int rows) {     try     {         string pkgLocation = ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["PackagePath"];           pkgLocation = Path.Combine(pkgLocation, name.Replace("\"", ""));           Console.WriteLine();         Console.WriteLine("Calling package {0} with parameter {1}.", name, rows);                  Application app = new Application();         Package pkg = app.LoadPackage(pkgLocation, null);           pkg.Variables["User::ExportRows"].Value = rows;         DTSExecResult pkgResults = pkg.Execute();         Console.WriteLine();         Console.WriteLine(pkgResults.ToString());         if (pkgResults == DTSExecResult.Failure)         {             Console.WriteLine();             Console.WriteLine("Errors occured during execution of the package:");             foreach (DtsError er in pkg.Errors)                 Console.WriteLine("{0}: {1}", er.ErrorCode, er.Description);             Console.WriteLine();             return "Errors occured during execution. Contact your support.";         }                  Console.WriteLine();         Console.WriteLine();         return "OK";     }     catch (Exception ex)     {         Console.WriteLine(ex);         return ex.ToString();     } }   The method accepts package name and number of rows to export. The packages are deployed to the file system. The path to the packages is configured in the application configuration file. This way, you can implement multiple services on the same machine, provided you also configure the URL for each instance appropriately. To run a package, you have to reference Microsoft.SqlServer.Dts.Runtime namespace. This namespace is implemented in Microsoft.SQLServer.ManagedDTS.dll which in my case was installed in the folder “C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft SQL Server\100\SDK\Assemblies”. Once you have done it, you can create an instance of Microsoft.SqlServer.Dts.Runtime.Application as in line 18 in the above snippet. It may be a good idea to create the Application object in the constructor of the PackRunner class, to avoid necessity of recreating it each time the service is invoked. Then, in line 19 you see that an instance of Microsoft.SqlServer.Dts.Runtime.Package is created. The method LoadPackage in its simplest form just takes package file name as the first parameter. Before you run the package, you can set its variables to certain values. This is a great way of configuring your packages without all the hassle with dtsConfig files. In the above code sample, variable “User:ExportRows” is set to value of the parameter “rows” of the method. Eventually, you execute the package. The method doesn’t throw exceptions, you have to test the result of execution yourself. If the execution wasn’t successful, you can examine collection of errors exposed by the package. These are the familiar errors you often see during development and debugging of the package. I you run the package from the code, you have opportunity to persist them or log them using your favourite logging framework. The package itself is very simple; it connects to my AdventureWorks database and saves number of rows specified in variable “User::ExportRows” to a file. You should know that before you run the package, you can change its connection strings, logging, events and many more. I attach solution with the test service, as well as a project with two test packages. To test the service, you have to run it and wait for the message saying that the host is started. Then, just type (or copy and paste) the below command to your browser. http://localhost:8011/runpackwithparams?package=%22ExportEmployees.dtsx%22&rows=12 When everything works fine, and you modified the package to point to your AdventureWorks database, you should see "OK” wrapped in xml: I stopped the database service to simulate invalid connection string situation. The output of the request is different now: And the service console window shows more information: As you see, implementing service oriented ETL framework is not a very difficult task. You have ability to configure the packages before you run them, you can implement logging that is consistent with the rest of your system. In application I have worked with we also have resource monitoring and execution control. We don’t allow to run more than certain number of packages to run simultaneously. This ensures we don’t strain the server and we use memory and CPUs efficiently. The attached zip file contains two projects. One is the package runner. It has to be executed with administrative privileges as it registers HTTP namespace. The other project contains two simple packages. This is really a cool thing, you should check it out!

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  • Im getting the "Console Window Host has stopped working" popup in a few places.

    - by m1sk
    Im running Windows 7 on a 17 inch Macbook Pro, late 2011. Last Saturday I opened my laptop(It was either asleep or shutdown before hand) and suddenly had a whole bunch of problem. First off I got a few of pop-errors, my macbook was out of battery. I also had problems with my trackpad(no scrolling or right-click), which I fixed by reinstalling bootcamp. Now a days when ever I run cmd I get the popup Console Window Host has stopped working If I chose the Close the program I get another popup The application was unable to start correctly (0xc0000142) Click OK to close the application. This doesnt happen just with cmd if un/install a program I get similar popups(first one). And in some other case like in visual studio when i was working on class work.

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  • Wii game bought in US, will it work on a PAL console in Europe?

    - by Stijn Sanders
    I can't seem to find a European online outlet that offers this Wii game I'm looking for. If I would buy it from a web-shop in the US, could I end up with a game that doesn't work well with my console? I'm worried because all games I have for the Wii so far have a prominent mention of "PAL" on the cover. I didn't notice "NTSC" on the photo's of the cover online, but I'm worried none the less. (And thought I'd ask it here first...) Also, does anyone happen to know if Belgian customs would add tax to shipments like this coming in from the US?

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  • How do I get to my IIS management console?

    - by Andrew Arnott
    I just installed Windows 7 Enterprise along with some development tools. I didn't see IIS (the management console) anywhere in the start menu. I went to Turn Windows Features On or Off and saw that indeed IIS was present. Even http://localhost/ responded. I even turned all IIS features off (uninstalled them) and back on (rebooting each time). I still don't get IIS on my start menu. I also tried just launching MMC and adding the IIS snap-in, but that too, is absent. How can I manage the IIS on my box?

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  • Remotely connecting to a Hyper-V hosted VM's console.

    - by billpg
    Hi everyone. I've just managed to successfully move an aging beige box into a Hyper-V virtual machine. We used to use the beige box by walking over and sitting at the computer itself, but we can't do that so easily when its inside the Hyper-V system. Is there a way please to access the VM's console from a workstation running XP Pro? Please note that its an obscure OS running inside the VM, so installing a VNC or similar service inside the VM is not an option. Many thanks.

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  • Is there a way to correct wrongly typed password / abort the operation while on password prompt in the console in MINGW32?

    - by jakub.g
    I sometimes mistype a password when being asked for it, e.g. by Git when pushing to remote repository. The password is not displayed (even masked as asterisks) in the console. Is there a way either to correct the password, or to abort the operation? Backspace for editing and CtrlC for aborting do not seem to work. I want to save some time instead of waiting for the remote authentication to fail, or providing a bad password, then Enter, CtrlC. Edit: Unfortunately CtrlU doesn't work for me (MINGW32 @ Windows XP). Any other guesses?

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  • How do I change the console resolution of Ubuntu 9.10 Server running on VMWare?

    - by Raam Dev
    I'm running Ubuntu 9.10 Server in VMWare Fusion (on a Mac) and I'm having trouble changing the console resolution. It seems to be stuck on 640x480. Ubuntu 9.10 uses Grub2, so there is no /etc/grub/menu.lst. I tried adding vga=791 to the kernel parameters (both during boot and by adding it to GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT in /etc/default/grub and then running update-grub2) and neither had any effect. When using vga=791, grub says that vga=791 is depreciated and that I should use gfxpayload=1024x768x16,1024x768 instead. However, that also does absolutely nothing. I have a feeling this problem is specific to running Ubuntu 9.10 in VMWare, but Google hasn't turned up anything.

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  • How to make Windows display application crashes in the console?

    - by Name is carl
    I'm developping a C application on Windows 7 64 bits, and each time it crashes I get the following dialog: I would prefer something more "old school" with the complete error dumped in the console. Something like > HelloWorld The application has crashed in somedll.dll for some Horrible C reason. I have an error code 0x4445506 And a kinda stacktrace And walls of hexa 0x4445506 0x4445506 0x4445506 0x4445506 0x4445506 0x4445506 0x4445506 0x4445506 0x4445506 0x4445506 0x4445506 0x4445506 0x4445506 0x4445506 0x4445506 0x4445506 0x4445506 0x4445506 0x4445506 0x4445506 0x4445506 0x4445506 0x4445506 0x4445506 0x4445506 0x4445506 0x4445506 0x4445506 0x4445506 0x4445506 Is there a way to get that? Should I run my application with a command line debugger ? Note: should I post this on Stackoverflow instead?

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  • What should I do about OEM05Mon.exe "Creative Live! Cam Console Auto Launcher".

    - by blackace
    OEM05Mon.exe "Creative Live! Cam Console Auto Launcher" is related perhaps to my 22inch Dell monitor). Has anyone got experience with this ? Do I need to have this running ? This application has a large footprint for what it does (well most of the time does nothing). I am tempted to just take it off the start up but wanted to double check... p.s: I am sure its the original application and not a virus or trojan faking to be it...

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  • ?onemu: How do I make several console windows in one tab from task file?

    - by doom123
    How to make several console windows in one tab from task file? I want to make a grid 2x2 of consoles in one tab. I can do it by hands when create new consoles and select "To right" or "To bottom" options. But I want it to be created automatically on start up. Option "autosave/restore opened tasks" is unabled for some reason. So the only way is to create it in task. So, how can I create 2x2 grid in task?

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  • How to set Atomikos to not write to console logs?

    - by peter
    Atomikos is quite verbose when used. There seems to be lots of INFO messages (mostly irrelevant for me) that the transaction manager writes out to the console. The setting in the transaction.properties that is suppose to control the level of messaging com.atomikos.icatch.console_log_level does not seem to have any effect, since even when set to WARN (or ERROR) the INFO messages are still logged. Also the log4j settings for com.atomikos and atomikos seem to be ignored. Does anyone manage to turn off the INFO logs on the console with Atomikos?. How? Thanks Peter

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  • Preventing what was/were previously copied on to my clipboard from appearing on R Console when using

    - by Bazon
    Hi all, I am having some problems with my clipboard contents when using R. When I run my scripts/commands in tinn-r, very often I would get something that I had ran earlier pasted onto my R Console instead of the command that I have just selected. To get over this, I would go to my clipboard and delete its content(text/syntax). However, the same text/syntax that I had just deleted would re-appear on my clipboard and would again appear on my R Console when trying to run a different syntax from my tinn-r. Any help would be appreciated. Bazon

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  • Is there an Eclipse plugin to run system shell in the Console?

    - by Fernando
    Do you know of any Eclipse plugin to run a system shell in the included console? It would be awesome. Dolphin, KDE's file navigator, has this feature, you can press F4 and a console shows located on the directory you are standing. It would be awesome to have a similar feature on Eclipse, with the shell located on the directory of the project/file you are working on. Does this plugin exist? If not, would it be too complicated to code such a plugin? I have no idea about eclipse plugin development (yet).

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  • Why is it so hard to build a gtk programe without console using gtk in windows?

    - by Runner
    I'm following the tuto: http://zetcode.com/tutorials/gtktutorial/firstprograms/ It works but each time I double click on the executable,there is a console which I don't want it there. How do I get rid of that console? I tried this: add_executable(Cmd WIN32 cmd.c) But got this fatal error: MSVCRTD.lib(crtexew.obj) : error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol _WinMain@16 referenced in function ___tmainCRTStartup Cmd.exe : fatal error LNK1120: 1 unresolved externals While using gcc directly works: gcc -o Cmd cmd.c -mwindows .. I'm guessing it has something to do with the entry function: int main( int argc, char *argv[]),but why gcc works? How can I make it work with cmake?

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  • Possible to see what actual SQL queries Rails invokes when using console script?

    - by randombits
    Sometimes I like to pop open the console script that comes with Rails to test small excerpts of code. That code normally involves some more involved ActiveRecord queries. Although not an expert in ActiveRecord, I'm proficient with SQL and want to see what it's translating underneath the hood for efficiency purposes. This will help me refactor or rethink how I'm writing my app if it looks inefficient. Now when the query is in the actual application itself, it all shows up in logs. Ad-hoc ActiveRecord queries in the console do not though. Anyway to change that behavior?

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  • Why is it so hard to build a gtk programe without console using cmake in windows?

    - by Runner
    I'm following the tuto: http://zetcode.com/tutorials/gtktutorial/firstprograms/ It works but each time I double click on the executable,there is a console which I don't want it there. How do I get rid of that console? I tried this: add_executable(Cmd WIN32 cmd.c) But got this fatal error: MSVCRTD.lib(crtexew.obj) : error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol _WinMain@16 referenced in function ___tmainCRTStartup Cmd.exe : fatal error LNK1120: 1 unresolved externals While using gcc directly works: gcc -o Cmd cmd.c -mwindows .. I'm guessing it has something to do with the entry function: int main( int argc, char *argv[]),but why gcc works? How can I make it work with cmake?

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  • Cannot Install/Start MySQL Server

    - by Peezy Bro
    Okay, I decided to migrate from MySQL Server 5.5.37 to Percona Server 5.6. I ended up removing MySQL Server by the following: sudo apt-get --purge remove mysql-server mysql-server-5.5 mysql-server-core-5.5 mysql-client mysql-client-core-5.5 mysql-common sudo apt-get autoremove sudo apt-get autoclean rm -rf /var/lib/mysql rm -rf /etc/mysql Now here is my problem, when I try to install MySQL Server 5.6 it goes through its process and when it asks me for a password, it comes up with Cannot set MySQL "root" password. After it "installs" MySQL wont start up and I get permission denied?. Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done 0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 35 not upgraded. brandon@brandon-DB:~$ sudo apt-get install mysql-server Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done The following extra packages will be installed: libdbd-mysql-perl libdbi-perl libmysqlclient18 libterm-readkey-perl mysql-client-5.5 mysql-client-core-5.5 mysql-common mysql-server-5.5 mysql-server-core-5.5 Suggested packages: libmldbm-perl libnet-daemon-perl libplrpc-perl libsql-statement-perl tinyca mailx The following NEW packages will be installed: libdbd-mysql-perl libdbi-perl libmysqlclient18 libterm-readkey-perl mysql-client-5.5 mysql-client-core-5.5 mysql-common mysql-server mysql-server-5.5 mysql-server-core-5.5 0 upgraded, 10 newly installed, 0 to remove and 35 not upgraded. Need to get 0 B/8,955 kB of archives. After this operation, 96.3 MB of additional disk space will be used. Do you want to continue? [Y/n] y Preconfiguring packages ... Selecting previously unselected package mysql-common. (Reading database ... 167760 files and directories currently installed.) Preparing to unpack .../mysql-common_5.5.37-0ubuntu0.14.04.1_all.deb ... Unpacking mysql-common (5.5.37-0ubuntu0.14.04.1) ... Selecting previously unselected package libmysqlclient18:amd64. Preparing to unpack .../libmysqlclient18_5.5.37-0ubuntu0.14.04.1_amd64.deb ... Unpacking libmysqlclient18:amd64 (5.5.37-0ubuntu0.14.04.1) ... Selecting previously unselected package libdbi-perl. Preparing to unpack .../libdbi-perl_1.630-1_amd64.deb ... Unpacking libdbi-perl (1.630-1) ... Selecting previously unselected package libdbd-mysql-perl. Preparing to unpack .../libdbd-mysql-perl_4.025-1_amd64.deb ... Unpacking libdbd-mysql-perl (4.025-1) ... Selecting previously unselected package libterm-readkey-perl. Preparing to unpack .../libterm-readkey-perl_2.31-1_amd64.deb ... Unpacking libterm-readkey-perl (2.31-1) ... Selecting previously unselected package mysql-client-core-5.5. Preparing to unpack .../mysql-client-core-5.5_5.5.37-0ubuntu0.14.04.1_amd64.deb ... Unpacking mysql-client-core-5.5 (5.5.37-0ubuntu0.14.04.1) ... Selecting previously unselected package mysql-client-5.5. Preparing to unpack .../mysql-client-5.5_5.5.37-0ubuntu0.14.04.1_amd64.deb ... Unpacking mysql-client-5.5 (5.5.37-0ubuntu0.14.04.1) ... Selecting previously unselected package mysql-server-core-5.5. Preparing to unpack .../mysql-server-core-5.5_5.5.37-0ubuntu0.14.04.1_amd64.deb ... Unpacking mysql-server-core-5.5 (5.5.37-0ubuntu0.14.04.1) ... Processing triggers for man-db (2.6.7.1-1) ... Setting up mysql-common (5.5.37-0ubuntu0.14.04.1) ... Selecting previously unselected package mysql-server-5.5. (Reading database ... 168116 files and directories currently installed.) Preparing to unpack .../mysql-server-5.5_5.5.37-0ubuntu0.14.04.1_amd64.deb ... Unpacking mysql-server-5.5 (5.5.37-0ubuntu0.14.04.1) ... Selecting previously unselected package mysql-server. Preparing to unpack .../mysql-server_5.5.37-0ubuntu0.14.04.1_all.deb ... Unpacking mysql-server (5.5.37-0ubuntu0.14.04.1) ... Processing triggers for ureadahead (0.100.0-16) ... Processing triggers for man-db (2.6.7.1-1) ... Setting up libmysqlclient18:amd64 (5.5.37-0ubuntu0.14.04.1) ... Setting up libdbi-perl (1.630-1) ... Setting up libdbd-mysql-perl (4.025-1) ... Setting up libterm-readkey-perl (2.31-1) ... Setting up mysql-client-core-5.5 (5.5.37-0ubuntu0.14.04.1) ... Setting up mysql-client-5.5 (5.5.37-0ubuntu0.14.04.1) ... Setting up mysql-server-core-5.5 (5.5.37-0ubuntu0.14.04.1) ... Setting up mysql-server-5.5 (5.5.37-0ubuntu0.14.04.1) ... start: Job failed to start invoke-rc.d: initscript mysql, action "start" failed. dpkg: error processing package mysql-server-5.5 (--configure): subprocess installed post-installation script returned error exit status 1 dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of mysql-server: mysql-server depends on mysql-server-5.5; however: Package mysql-server-5.5 is not configured yet. dpkg: error processing package mysql-server (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured Processing triggers for libc-bin (2.19-0ubuntu6) ... No apport report written because the error message indicates its a followup error from a previous failure. Processing triggers for ureadahead (0.100.0-16) ... Errors were encountered while processing: mysql-server-5.5 mysql-server E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1) I have all my database/tables dumped and on a seperate HDD. This is also a Dev Machine and not my main Production Machine. I also backed up the MySQL_Config and MySQL_Data.

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  • Back to Basics: When does a .NET Assembly Dependency get loaded

    - by Rick Strahl
    When we work on typical day to day applications, it's easy to forget some of the core features of the .NET framework. For me personally it's been a long time since I've learned about some of the underlying CLR system level services even though I rely on them on a daily basis. I often think only about high level application constructs and/or high level framework functionality, but the low level stuff is often just taken for granted. Over the last week at DevConnections I had all sorts of low level discussions with other developers about the inner workings of this or that technology (especially in light of my Low Level ASP.NET Architecture talk and the Razor Hosting talk). One topic that came up a couple of times and ended up a point of confusion even amongst some seasoned developers (including some folks from Microsoft <snicker>) is when assemblies actually load into a .NET process. There are a number of different ways that assemblies are loaded in .NET. When you create a typical project assemblies usually come from: The Assembly reference list of the top level 'executable' project The Assembly references of referenced projects Dynamically loaded at runtime via AppDomain/Reflection loading In addition .NET automatically loads mscorlib (most of the System namespace) the boot process that hosts the .NET runtime in EXE apps, or some other kind of runtime hosting environment (runtime hosting in servers like IIS, SQL Server or COM Interop). In hosting environments the runtime host may also pre-load a bunch of assemblies on its own (for example the ASP.NET host requires all sorts of assemblies just to run itself, before ever routing into your user specific code). Assembly Loading The most obvious source of loaded assemblies is the top level application's assembly reference list. You can add assembly references to a top level application and those assembly references are then available to the application. In a nutshell, referenced assemblies are not immediately loaded - they are loaded on the fly as needed. So regardless of whether you have an assembly reference in a top level project, or a dependent assembly assemblies typically load on an as needed basis, unless explicitly loaded by user code. The same is true of dependent assemblies. To check this out I ran a simple test: I have a utility assembly Westwind.Utilities which is a general purpose library that can work in any type of project. Due to a couple of small requirements for encoding and a logging piece that allows logging Web content (dependency on HttpContext.Current) this utility library has a dependency on System.Web. Now System.Web is a pretty large assembly and generally you'd want to avoid adding it to a non-Web project if it can be helped. So I created a Console Application that loads my utility library: You can see that the top level Console app a reference to Westwind.Utilities and System.Data (beyond the core .NET libs). The Westwind.Utilities project on the other hand has quite a few dependencies including System.Web. I then add a main program that accesses only a simple utillity method in the Westwind.Utilities library that doesn't require any of the classes that access System.Web: static void Main(string[] args) { Console.WriteLine(StringUtils.NewStringId()); Console.ReadLine(); } StringUtils.NewStringId() calls into Westwind.Utilities, but it doesn't rely on System.Web. Any guesses what the assembly list looks like when I stop the code on the ReadLine() command? I'll wait here while you think about it… … … So, when I stop on ReadLine() and then fire up Process Explorer and check the assembly list I get: We can see here that .NET has not actually loaded any of the dependencies of the Westwind.Utilities assembly. Also not loaded is the top level System.Data reference even though it's in the dependent assembly list of the top level project. Since this particular function I called only uses core System functionality (contained in mscorlib) there's in fact nothing else loaded beyond the main application and my Westwind.Utilities assembly that contains the method accessed. None of the dependencies of Westwind.Utilities loaded. If you were to open the assembly in a disassembler like Reflector or ILSpy, you would however see all the compiled in dependencies. The referenced assemblies are in the dependency list and they are loadable, but they are not immediately loaded by the application. In other words the C# compiler and .NET linker are smart enough to figure out the dependencies based on the code that actually is referenced from your application and any dependencies cascading down into the dependencies from your top level application into the referenced assemblies. In the example above the usage requirement is pretty obvious since I'm only calling a single static method and then exiting the app, but in more complex applications these dependency relationships become very complicated - however it's all taken care of by the compiler and linker figuring out what types and members are actually referenced and including only those assemblies that are in fact referenced in your code or required by any of your dependencies. The good news here is: That if you are referencing an assembly that has a dependency on something like System.Web in a few places that are not actually accessed by any of your code or any dependent assembly code that you are calling, that assembly is never loaded into memory! Some Hosting Environments pre-load Assemblies The load behavior can vary however. In Console and desktop applications we have full control over assembly loading so we see the core CLR behavior. However other environments like ASP.NET for example will preload referenced assemblies explicitly as part of the startup process - primarily to minimize load conflicts. Specifically ASP.NET pre-loads all assemblies referenced in the assembly list and the /bin folder. So in Web applications it definitely pays to minimize your top level assemblies if they are not used. Understanding when Assemblies Load To clarify and see it actually happen what I described in the first example , let's look at a couple of other scenarios. To see assemblies loading at runtime in real time lets create a utility function to print out loaded assemblies to the console: public static void PrintAssemblies() { var assemblies = AppDomain.CurrentDomain.GetAssemblies(); foreach (var assembly in assemblies) { Console.WriteLine(assembly.GetName()); } } Now let's look at the first scenario where I have class method that references internally uses System.Web. In the first scenario lets add a method to my main program like this: static void Main(string[] args) { Console.WriteLine(StringUtils.NewStringId()); Console.ReadLine(); PrintAssemblies(); } public static void WebLogEntry() { var entry = new WebLogEntry(); entry.UpdateFromRequest(); Console.WriteLine(entry.QueryString); } UpdateFromWebRequest() internally accesses HttpContext.Current to read some information of the ASP.NET Request object so it clearly needs a reference System.Web to work. In this first example, the method that holds the calling code is never called, but exists as a static method that can potentially be called externally at some point. What do you think will happen here with the assembly loading? Will System.Web load in this example? No - it doesn't. Because the WebLogEntry() method is never called by the mainline application (or anywhere else) System.Web is not loaded. .NET dynamically loads assemblies as code that needs it is called. No code references the WebLogEntry() method and so System.Web is never loaded. Next, let's add the call to this method, which should trigger System.Web to be loaded because a dependency exists. Let's change the code to: static void Main(string[] args) { Console.WriteLine(StringUtils.NewStringId()); Console.WriteLine("--- Before:"); PrintAssemblies(); WebLogEntry(); Console.WriteLine("--- After:"); PrintAssemblies(); Console.ReadLine(); } public static void WebLogEntry() { var entry = new WebLogEntry(); entry.UpdateFromRequest(); Console.WriteLine(entry.QueryString); } Looking at the code now, when do you think System.Web will be loaded? Will the before list include it? Yup System.Web gets loaded, but only after it's actually referenced. In fact, just until before the call to UpdateFromRequest() System.Web is not loaded - it only loads when the method is actually called and requires the reference in the executing code. Moral of the Story So what have we learned - or maybe remembered again? Dependent Assembly References are not pre-loaded when an application starts (by default) Dependent Assemblies that are not referenced by executing code are never loaded Dependent Assemblies are just in time loaded when first referenced in code All of this is nothing new - .NET has always worked like this. But it's good to have a refresher now and then and go through the exercise of seeing it work in action. It's not one of those things we think about everyday, and as I found out last week, I couldn't remember exactly how it worked since it's been so long since I've learned about this. And apparently I'm not the only one as several other people I had discussions with in relation to loaded assemblies also didn't recall exactly what should happen or assumed incorrectly that just having a reference automatically loads the assembly. The moral of the story for me is: Trying at all costs to eliminate an assembly reference from a component is not quite as important as it's often made out to be. For example, the Westwind.Utilities module described above has a logging component, including a Web specific logging entry that supports pulling information from the active HTTP Context. Adding that feature requires a reference to System.Web. Should I worry about this in the scope of this library? Probably not, because if I don't use that one class of nearly a hundred, System.Web never gets pulled into the parent process. IOW, System.Web only loads when I use that specific feature and if I am, well I clearly have to be running in a Web environment anyway to use it realistically. The alternative would be considerably uglier: Pulling out the WebLogEntry class and sticking it into another assembly and breaking up the logging code. In this case - definitely not worth it. So, .NET definitely goes through some pretty nifty optimizations to ensure that it loads only what it needs and in most cases you can just rely on .NET to do the right thing. Sometimes though assembly loading can go wrong (especially when signed and versioned local assemblies are involved), but that's subject for a whole other post…© Rick Strahl, West Wind Technologies, 2005-2012Posted in .NET  CSharp   Tweet !function(d,s,id){var js,fjs=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0];if(!d.getElementById(id)){js=d.createElement(s);js.id=id;js.src="//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js";fjs.parentNode.insertBefore(js,fjs);}}(document,"script","twitter-wjs"); (function() { var po = document.createElement('script'); po.type = 'text/javascript'; po.async = true; po.src = 'https://apis.google.com/js/plusone.js'; var s = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; s.parentNode.insertBefore(po, s); })();

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