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  • September 2011 Release of the Ajax Control Toolkit

    - by Stephen Walther
    I’m happy to announce the release of the September 2011 Ajax Control Toolkit. This release has several important new features including: Date ranges – When using the Calendar extender, you can specify a start and end date and a user can pick only those dates which fall within the specified range. This was the fourth top-voted feature request for the Ajax Control Toolkit at CodePlex. Twitter Control – You can use the new Twitter control to display recent tweets associated with a particular Twitter user or tweets which match a search query. Gravatar Control – You can use the new Gravatar control to display a unique image for each user of your website. Users can upload custom images to the Gravatar.com website or the Gravatar control can display a unique, auto-generated, image for a user. You can download this release this very minute by visiting CodePlex: http://AjaxControlToolkit.CodePlex.com Alternatively, you can execute the following command from the Visual Studio NuGet console: Improvements to the Ajax Control Toolkit Calendar Control The Ajax Control Toolkit Calendar extender control is one of the most heavily used controls from the Ajax Control Toolkit. The developers on the Superexpert team spent the last sprint focusing on improving this control. There are three important changes that we made to the Calendar control: we added support for date ranges, we added support for highlighting today’s date, and we made fixes to several bugs related to time zones and daylight savings. Using Calendar Date Ranges One of the top-voted feature requests for the Ajax Control Toolkit was a request to add support for date ranges to the Calendar control (this was the fourth most voted feature request at CodePlex). With the latest release of the Ajax Control Toolkit, the Calendar extender now supports date ranges. For example, the following page illustrates how you can create a popup calendar which allows a user only to pick dates between March 2, 2009 and May 16, 2009. <%@ Page Language="C#" AutoEventWireup="true" CodeBehind="CalendarDateRange.aspx.cs" Inherits="WebApplication1.CalendarDateRange" %> <%@ Register TagPrefix="asp" Namespace="AjaxControlToolkit" Assembly="AjaxControlToolkit" %> <html> <head runat="server"> <title>Calendar Date Range</title> </head> <body> <form id="form1" runat="server"> <asp:ToolkitScriptManager ID="tsm" runat="server" /> <asp:TextBox ID="txtHotelReservationDate" runat="server" /> <asp:CalendarExtender ID="Calendar1" TargetControlID="txtHotelReservationDate" StartDate="3/2/2009" EndDate="5/16/2009" SelectedDate="3/2/2009" runat="server" /> </form> </body> </html> This page contains three controls: an Ajax Control Toolkit ToolkitScriptManager control, a standard ASP.NET TextBox control, and an Ajax Control Toolkit CalendarExtender control. Notice that the Calendar control includes StartDate and EndDate properties which restrict the range of valid dates. The Calendar control shows days, months, and years outside of the valid range as struck out. You cannot select days, months, or years which fall outside of the range. The following video illustrates interacting with the new date range feature: If you want to experiment with a live version of the Ajax Control Toolkit Calendar extender control then you can visit the Calendar Sample Page at the Ajax Control Toolkit Sample Site. Highlighted Today’s Date Another highly requested feature for the Calendar control was support for highlighting today’s date. The Calendar control now highlights the user’s current date regardless of the user’s time zone. Fixes to Time Zone and Daylight Savings Time Bugs We fixed several significant Calendar extender bugs related to time zones and daylight savings time. For example, previously, when you set the Calendar control’s SelectedDate property to the value 1/1/2007 then the selected data would appear as 12/31/2006 or 1/1/2007 or 1/2/2007 depending on the server time zone. For example, if your server time zone was set to Samoa (UTC-11:00), then setting SelectedDate=”1/1/2007” would result in “12/31/2006” being selected in the Calendar. Users of the Calendar extender control found this behavior confusing. After careful consideration, we decided to change the Calendar extender so that it interprets all dates as UTC dates. In other words, if you set StartDate=”1/1/2007” then the Calendar extender parses the date as 1/1/2007 UTC instead of parsing the date according to the server time zone. By interpreting all dates as UTC dates, we avoid all of the reported issues with the SelectedDate property showing the wrong date. Furthermore, when you set the StartDate and EndDate properties, you know that the same StartDate and EndDate will be selected regardless of the time zone associated with the server or associated with the browser. The date 1/1/2007 will always be the date 1/1/2007. The New Twitter Control This release of the Ajax Control Toolkit introduces a new twitter control. You can use the Twitter control to display recent tweets associated with a particular twitter user. You also can use this control to show the results of a twitter search. The following page illustrates how you can use the Twitter control to display recent tweets made by Scott Hanselman: <%@ Page Language="C#" AutoEventWireup="true" CodeBehind="TwitterProfile.aspx.cs" Inherits="WebApplication1.TwitterProfile" %> <%@ Register TagPrefix="asp" Namespace="AjaxControlToolkit" Assembly="AjaxControlToolkit" %> <html > <head runat="server"> <title>Twitter Profile</title> </head> <body> <form id="form1" runat="server"> <asp:ToolkitScriptManager ID="tsm" runat="server" /> <asp:Twitter ID="Twitter1" ScreenName="shanselman" runat="server" /> </form> </body> </html> This page includes two Ajax Control Toolkit controls: the ToolkitScriptManager control and the Twitter control. The Twitter control is set to display tweets from Scott Hanselman (shanselman): You also can use the Twitter control to display the results of a search query. For example, the following page displays all recent tweets related to the Ajax Control Toolkit: Twitter limits the number of times that you can interact with their API in an hour. Twitter recommends that you cache results on the server (https://dev.twitter.com/docs/rate-limiting). By default, the Twitter control caches results on the server for a duration of 5 minutes. You can modify the cache duration by assigning a value (in seconds) to the Twitter control's CacheDuration property. The Twitter control wraps a standard ASP.NET ListView control. You can customize the appearance of the Twitter control by modifying its LayoutTemplate, StatusTemplate, AlternatingStatusTemplate, and EmptyDataTemplate. To learn more about the new Twitter control, visit the live Twitter Sample Page. The New Gravatar Control The September 2011 release of the Ajax Control Toolkit also includes a new Gravatar control. This control makes it easy to display a unique image for each user of your website. A Gravatar is associated with an email address. You can visit Gravatar.com and upload an image and associate the image with your email address. That way, every website which uses Gravatars (such as the www.ASP.NET website) will display your image next to your name. For example, I visited the Gravatar.com website and associated an image of a Koala Bear with the email address [email protected]. The following page illustrates how you can use the Gravatar control to display the Gravatar image associated with the [email protected] email address: <%@ Page Language="C#" AutoEventWireup="true" CodeBehind="GravatarDemo.aspx.cs" Inherits="WebApplication1.GravatarDemo" %> <%@ Register TagPrefix="asp" Namespace="AjaxControlToolkit" Assembly="AjaxControlToolkit" %> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head id="Head1" runat="server"> <title>Gravatar Demo</title> </head> <body> <form id="form1" runat="server"> <asp:ToolkitScriptManager ID="tsm" runat="server" /> <asp:Gravatar ID="Gravatar1" Email="[email protected]" runat="server" /> </form> </body> </html> The page above simply displays the Gravatar image associated with the [email protected] email address: If a user has not uploaded an image to Gravatar.com then you can auto-generate a unique image for the user from the user email address. The Gravatar control supports four types of auto-generated images: Identicon -- A different geometric pattern is generated for each unrecognized email. MonsterId -- A different image of a monster is generated for each unrecognized email. Wavatar -- A different image of a face is generated for each unrecognized email. Retro -- A different 8-bit arcade-style face is generated for each unrecognized email. For example, there is no Gravatar image associated with the email address [email protected]. The following page displays an auto-generated MonsterId for this email address: <%@ Page Language="C#" AutoEventWireup="true" CodeBehind="GravatarMonster.aspx.cs" Inherits="WebApplication1.GravatarMonster" %> <%@ Register TagPrefix="asp" Namespace="AjaxControlToolkit" Assembly="AjaxControlToolkit" %> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head id="Head1" runat="server"> <title>Gravatar Monster</title> </head> <body> <form id="form1" runat="server"> <asp:ToolkitScriptManager ID="tsm" runat="server" /> <asp:Gravatar ID="Gravatar1" Email="[email protected]" DefaultImageBehavior="MonsterId" runat="server" /> </form> </body> </html> The page above generates the following image automatically from the supplied email address: To learn more about the properties of the new Gravatar control, visit the live Gravatar Sample Page. ASP.NET Connections Talk on the Ajax Control Toolkit If you are interested in learning more about the changes that we are making to the Ajax Control Toolkit then please come to my talk on the Ajax Control Toolkit at the upcoming ASP.NET Connections conference. In the talk, I will present a summary of the changes that we have made to the Ajax Control Toolkit over the last several months and discuss our future plans. Do you have ideas for new Ajax Control Toolkit controls? Ideas for improving the toolkit? Come to my talk – I would love to hear from you. You can register for the ASP.NET Connections conference by visiting the following website: Register for ASP.NET Connections   Summary The previous release of the Ajax Control Toolkit – the July 2011 Release – has had over 100,000 downloads. That is a huge number of developers who are working with the Ajax Control Toolkit. We are really excited about the new features which we added to the Ajax Control Toolkit in the latest September sprint. We hope that you find the updated Calender control, the new Twitter control, and the new Gravatar control valuable when building your ASP.NET Web Forms applications.

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  • How to deal with transport level security policy with OSB

    - by Jian Liang
    Recently, we received a use case for Oracle Service Bus (OSB) 11gPS4 to consume a Web Service which is secured by HTTP transport level security policy. The WSDL of the remote web service looks like following where the part marked in red shows the security policy: <?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?> <definitions xmlns:wssutil="http://docs.oasis-open.org/wss/2004/01/oasis-200401-wss-wssecurity-utility-1.0.xsd" xmlns:wsp="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/ws/2004/09/policy" xmlns:soap="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/soap/" xmlns:tns="https://httpsbasicauth" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/" targetNamespace="https://httpsbasicauth" name="HttpsBasicAuthService"> <wsp:UsingPolicy wssutil:Required="true"/> <wsp:Policy wssutil:Id="WSHttpBinding_IPartyServicePortType_policy"> <wsp:ExactlyOne> <wsp:All> <ns1:TransportBinding xmlns:ns1="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/ws/2005/07/securitypolicy"> <wsp:Policy> <ns1:TransportToken> <wsp:Policy> <ns1:HttpsToken RequireClientCertificate="false"/> </wsp:Policy> </ns1:TransportToken> <ns1:AlgorithmSuite> <wsp:Policy> <ns1:Basic256/> </wsp:Policy> </ns1:AlgorithmSuite> <ns1:Layout> <wsp:Policy> <ns1:Strict/> </wsp:Policy> </ns1:Layout> </wsp:Policy> </ns1:TransportBinding> <ns2:UsingAddressing xmlns:ns2="http://www.w3.org/2006/05/addressing/wsdl"/> </wsp:All> </wsp:ExactlyOne> </wsp:Policy> <types> <xsd:schema> <xsd:import namespace="https://proxyhttpsbasicauth" schemaLocation="http://localhost:7001/WS/HttpsBasicAuthService?xsd=1"/> </xsd:schema> <xsd:schema> <xsd:import namespace="https://httpsbasicauth" schemaLocation="http://localhost:7001/WS/HttpsBasicAuthService?xsd=2"/> </xsd:schema> </types> <message name="echoString"> <part name="parameters" element="tns:echoString"/> </message> <message name="echoStringResponse"> <part name="parameters" element="tns:echoStringResponse"/> </message> <portType name="HttpsBasicAuth"> <operation name="echoString"> <input message="tns:echoString"/> <output message="tns:echoStringResponse"/> </operation> </portType> <binding name="HttpsBasicAuthSoapPortBinding" type="tns:HttpsBasicAuth"> <wsp:PolicyReference URI="#WSHttpBinding_IPartyServicePortType_policy"/> <soap:binding transport="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/http" style="document"/> <operation name="echoString"> <soap:operation soapAction=""/> <input> <soap:body use="literal"/> </input> <output> <soap:body use="literal"/> </output> </operation> </binding> <service name="HttpsBasicAuthService"> <port name="HttpsBasicAuthSoapPort" binding="tns:HttpsBasicAuthSoapPortBinding"> <soap:address location="https://localhost:7002/WS/HttpsBasicAuthService"/> </port> </service> </definitions> The security assertion in the WSDL (marked in red) indicates that this is the HTTP transport level security policy which requires one way SSL with default authentication (aka. basic authenticate with username/password). Normally, there are two ways to handle web service security policy with OSB 11g: Use WebLogic 9.x policy Use OWSM Since OSB doesn’t support WebLogic 9.x WSSP transport level assertion (except for WS transport), when we tried to create the business service based on the imported WSDL, OSB complained with the following message: [OSB Kernel:398133]The service is based on WSDL with Web Services Security Policies that are not natively supported by Oracle Service Bus. Please select OWSM Policies - From OWSM Policy Store option and attach equivalent OWSM security policy. For the Business Service, either you can add the necessary client policies manually by clicking Add button or you can let Oracle Service Bus automatically pick and add compatible client policies by clicking Add Compatible button. Unfortunately, when tried with OWSM, we couldn’t find http_token_policy from OWSM since OSB PS4 doesn’t support OWSM http_token_policy. It seems that we ran into an unsupported situation that no appropriate policy can be used from both WebLogic and OWSM. As this security policy requires one way SSL with basic authentication at the transport level, a possible workaround is to meet the remote service's requirement at transport level without using web service policy. We can simply use OSB to establish SSL connection and provide username/password for authentication at the transport level to the remote web service. In this case, the business service within OSB will be transparent to the web service policy. However, we still need to deal with OSB console’s complaint related to unsupported security policy because the failure of WSDL validation prohibits OSB console to move forward. With the help from OSB Product Management team, we finally came up with the following solutions: Solution 1: OSB PS5 The good news is that the http_token_policy is made available in OSB PS5. With OSB PS5, you can simply add OWSM oracle/wss_http_token_over_ssl_client_policy to the business service. The simplest solution is to upgrade to OSB PS5 where the OWSM solution is provided out of the box. But if you are not in a position where upgrading is an immediate option, you might want to consider other two workaround solutions described below. Solution 2: Modifying WSDL This solution addresses OSB console’s complaint by removing the security policy from the imported WSDL within OSB. Without the security policy, OSB console allows the business service to be created based on modified WSDL.  Please bear in mind, modifying WSDL is done only for the OSB side via OSB console, no change is required on the remote Web Service. The main steps of this solution: Connect to OSB console import the remote WSDL into OSB remove security assertion (the red marked part) from the imported WSDL create a service account. In our sample, we simply take the user weblogic create the business service and check "Basic" for Authentication and select the created service account make sure that OSB consumes the web service via https. This solution requires modifying WSDL. It is suitable for any OSB version (10g or OSB 11g version) prior to PS5 without OWSM. However, modifying WSDL by hand is troublesome as it requires the user to remember that the original WSDL was edited.  It forces you to make the same edit each time you want to re-import the service WSDL when changes occur at the service level. This also prevents you from using UDDI to import WSDL.  Solution 3: Using original WSDL This solution keeps the WSDL intact and ignores the embedded policy by using OWSM. By design, OWSM doesn’t like WSDL with embedded security assertion. Since OWSM doesn’t provide the feature to explicitly ignore the embedded policy from a remote WSDL, in this solution, we use OWSM in a tricky way to ignore the embedded policy. Connect to OSB console import the remote WSDL into OSB create a service account create the business service in which check "Basic" for Authentication and select the created service account as the imported WSDL is intact, the OSB Kernel:398133 error is expected ignore this error message for the moment and navigate to the Policies Page of business service Select “From OWSM Policy Store” and click “Add” button, the list of policies will pop-up Here is the tricky part: select an arbitrary policy, and click “Cancel” Update and save By clicking “Cancel’ button, we didn’t add any OWSM policy to business service, but the embedded policy is ignored. Yes, this is tricky. According to Oracle OSB Product Manager, the future release of OWSM will add a button “None” which allows to ignore the embedded policy explicitly. This solution keeps the imported WSDL intact which is the big advantage over the solution 2. It is suitable for OSB 11g (version prior to PS5) domain with OWSM configured. This blog addressed the unsupported transport level web service security policy with OSB PS4. To summarize, if you are using OSB PS5 or in a position to upgrade to PS5, the recommendation is to use OWSM OOTB transport level security policy directly. With the release prior to 11g PS5, you can consider the solution 2 or 3 depending on if OWSM is configured.

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  • postfix relaying all mail through office365 problems

    - by amrith
    This is a rather long question with a long list of things tried and travails so please bear with me. The summary is this. I am able to relay email from ubuntu through office365 using postfix; the configuration works. It only works as one of the users; more specifically the user who authenticates against office365 is the only valid "from" More details follow. I have a machine in Amazon's cloud on which I run a bunch of jobs and would like to have statuses mailed over to me. I use office365 at work so I want to relay mail through office365. I'm most familiar with postfix so I used that as the MTA. Configuration is ubuntu 12.04LTS; I've installed postfix and mail-utils. For this example, let me say my company is "company.com" and the machine in question (through an elastic IP and a DNS entry) is called "plaything.company.com". hostname is set to "plaything.company.com", so is /etc/mailname On plaything, I have the following users registered alpha, bravo, and charlie. I have the following configuration files. alias_database = hash:/etc/aliases alias_maps = hash:/etc/aliases append_dot_mydomain = no biff = no config_directory = /etc/postfix inet_interfaces = all inet_protocols = ipv4 mailbox_size_limit = 0 mydestination = plaything.company.com, localhost.company.com, , localhost myhostname = plaything.company.com mynetworks = 127.0.0.0/8 [::ffff:127.0.0.0]/104 [::1]/128 myorigin = /etc/mailname readme_directory = no recipient_delimiter = + relayhost = [smtp.office365.com]:587 sender_canonical_maps = hash:/etc/postfix/sender_canonical smtp_sasl_auth_enable = yes smtp_sasl_password_maps = hash:/etc/postfix/sasl_passwd smtp_sasl_security_options = noanonymous smtp_sasl_tls_security_options = noanonymous smtp_tls_CAfile = /etc/ssl/certs/ca-certificates.crt smtp_tls_session_cache_database = btree:${data_directory}/smtp_scache smtp_use_tls = yes smtpd_banner = $myhostname ESMTP $mail_name (Ubuntu) smtpd_tls_cert_file = /etc/ssl/certs/ssl-cert-snakeoil.pem smtpd_tls_key_file = /etc/ssl/private/ssl-cert-snakeoil.key smtpd_tls_session_cache_database = btree:${data_directory}/smtpd_scache smtpd_use_tls = yes As the machine is called plaything.company.com I went through the exercise of registering all the appropriate DNS entries to make office365 recognize that I owned plaything.company.com and allowed me to create a user called [email protected] in office365. In office365, I setup [email protected] as having another email address of [email protected]. Then, I made the following sender_canonical [email protected] [email protected] I created a sasl_passwd file that reads: smtp.office365.com [email protected]:123456password123456 let's just say that the password for [email protected] is 1234...456 With all this setup, login as alpha and mail [email protected] Cc: Subject: test test and the whole thing works wonderfully. email gets sent off by postfix, TLS works like a champ, authenticates as daemon@... and [email protected] in Office365 gets an email message. The issue comes up when logged in as bravo to the machine. sender is [email protected] and office365 says: status=bounced (host smtp.office365.com[132.245.12.25] said: 550 5.7.1 Client does not have permissions to send as this sender (in reply to end of DATA command)) this is because I'm trying to send mail as bravo@... and authenticating with office365 as daemon@.... The reason it works with alpha@... is because in office365, I setup [email protected] as having another email address of [email protected]. In Postfix Relay to Office365, Miles Erickson answers the question thusly: Don't send mail to Office365 as a user from your Office365-hosted e-mail domain. Use a subdomain instead, e.g. [email protected] instead of [email protected]. It wouldn't hurt to set up an SPF record for services.mydomain.com or whatever you decide to use. Don't authenticate against mail.messaging.microsoft.com as an Office365 user. Just connect on port 25 and deliver the mail to your domain as any foreign SMTP agent would do. OK, I've done #1, I have those records on DNS but for the most part they are not relevant once Office365 recognizes that I own the domain. Here are those records: CNAME records: - msoid.plaything.company.com - autodiscover.plaything.company.com MX record: - plaything.company.com (plaything-company-com.mail.protection.outlook.com) TXT record: - plaything.company.com (v=spf1 include:spf.protection.outlook.com -all) I've tried #2 but no matter what I do, office365 just blows away the connection with "not authenticated". I can try even a simple telnet to port 25 and attempt to send and it doesn't work. 250 BY2PR01CA007.outlook.office365.com Hello [54.221.245.236] 530 5.7.1 Client was not authenticated Connection closed by foreign host. Is there someone out there who has this kind of a configuration working where multiple users on a linux machine are able to relay mail using postfix through office365? There has to be someone out there doing this who can tell me what is wrong with my setup ...

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  • Hello Operator, My Switch Is Bored

    - by Paul White
    This is a post for T-SQL Tuesday #43 hosted by my good friend Rob Farley. The topic this month is Plan Operators. I haven’t taken part in T-SQL Tuesday before, but I do like to write about execution plans, so this seemed like a good time to start. This post is in two parts. The first part is primarily an excuse to use a pretty bad play on words in the title of this blog post (if you’re too young to know what a telephone operator or a switchboard is, I hate you). The second part of the post looks at an invisible query plan operator (so to speak). 1. My Switch Is Bored Allow me to present the rare and interesting execution plan operator, Switch: Books Online has this to say about Switch: Following that description, I had a go at producing a Fast Forward Cursor plan that used the TOP operator, but had no luck. That may be due to my lack of skill with cursors, I’m not too sure. The only application of Switch in SQL Server 2012 that I am familiar with requires a local partitioned view: CREATE TABLE dbo.T1 (c1 int NOT NULL CHECK (c1 BETWEEN 00 AND 24)); CREATE TABLE dbo.T2 (c1 int NOT NULL CHECK (c1 BETWEEN 25 AND 49)); CREATE TABLE dbo.T3 (c1 int NOT NULL CHECK (c1 BETWEEN 50 AND 74)); CREATE TABLE dbo.T4 (c1 int NOT NULL CHECK (c1 BETWEEN 75 AND 99)); GO CREATE VIEW V1 AS SELECT c1 FROM dbo.T1 UNION ALL SELECT c1 FROM dbo.T2 UNION ALL SELECT c1 FROM dbo.T3 UNION ALL SELECT c1 FROM dbo.T4; Not only that, but it needs an updatable local partitioned view. We’ll need some primary keys to meet that requirement: ALTER TABLE dbo.T1 ADD CONSTRAINT PK_T1 PRIMARY KEY (c1);   ALTER TABLE dbo.T2 ADD CONSTRAINT PK_T2 PRIMARY KEY (c1);   ALTER TABLE dbo.T3 ADD CONSTRAINT PK_T3 PRIMARY KEY (c1);   ALTER TABLE dbo.T4 ADD CONSTRAINT PK_T4 PRIMARY KEY (c1); We also need an INSERT statement that references the view. Even more specifically, to see a Switch operator, we need to perform a single-row insert (multi-row inserts use a different plan shape): INSERT dbo.V1 (c1) VALUES (1); And now…the execution plan: The Constant Scan manufactures a single row with no columns. The Compute Scalar works out which partition of the view the new value should go in. The Assert checks that the computed partition number is not null (if it is, an error is returned). The Nested Loops Join executes exactly once, with the partition id as an outer reference (correlated parameter). The Switch operator checks the value of the parameter and executes the corresponding input only. If the partition id is 0, the uppermost Clustered Index Insert is executed, adding a row to table T1. If the partition id is 1, the next lower Clustered Index Insert is executed, adding a row to table T2…and so on. In case you were wondering, here’s a query and execution plan for a multi-row insert to the view: INSERT dbo.V1 (c1) VALUES (1), (2); Yuck! An Eager Table Spool and four Filters! I prefer the Switch plan. My guess is that almost all the old strategies that used a Switch operator have been replaced over time, using things like a regular Concatenation Union All combined with Start-Up Filters on its inputs. Other new (relative to the Switch operator) features like table partitioning have specific execution plan support that doesn’t need the Switch operator either. This feels like a bit of a shame, but perhaps it is just nostalgia on my part, it’s hard to know. Please do let me know if you encounter a query that can still use the Switch operator in 2012 – it must be very bored if this is the only possible modern usage! 2. Invisible Plan Operators The second part of this post uses an example based on a question Dave Ballantyne asked using the SQL Sentry Plan Explorer plan upload facility. If you haven’t tried that yet, make sure you’re on the latest version of the (free) Plan Explorer software, and then click the Post to SQLPerformance.com button. That will create a site question with the query plan attached (which can be anonymized if the plan contains sensitive information). Aaron Bertrand and I keep a close eye on questions there, so if you have ever wanted to ask a query plan question of either of us, that’s a good way to do it. The problem The issue I want to talk about revolves around a query issued against a calendar table. The script below creates a simplified version and adds 100 years of per-day information to it: USE tempdb; GO CREATE TABLE dbo.Calendar ( dt date NOT NULL, isWeekday bit NOT NULL, theYear smallint NOT NULL,   CONSTRAINT PK__dbo_Calendar_dt PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED (dt) ); GO -- Monday is the first day of the week for me SET DATEFIRST 1;   -- Add 100 years of data INSERT dbo.Calendar WITH (TABLOCKX) (dt, isWeekday, theYear) SELECT CA.dt, isWeekday = CASE WHEN DATEPART(WEEKDAY, CA.dt) IN (6, 7) THEN 0 ELSE 1 END, theYear = YEAR(CA.dt) FROM Sandpit.dbo.Numbers AS N CROSS APPLY ( VALUES (DATEADD(DAY, N.n - 1, CONVERT(date, '01 Jan 2000', 113))) ) AS CA (dt) WHERE N.n BETWEEN 1 AND 36525; The following query counts the number of weekend days in 2013: SELECT Days = COUNT_BIG(*) FROM dbo.Calendar AS C WHERE theYear = 2013 AND isWeekday = 0; It returns the correct result (104) using the following execution plan: The query optimizer has managed to estimate the number of rows returned from the table exactly, based purely on the default statistics created separately on the two columns referenced in the query’s WHERE clause. (Well, almost exactly, the unrounded estimate is 104.289 rows.) There is already an invisible operator in this query plan – a Filter operator used to apply the WHERE clause predicates. We can see it by re-running the query with the enormously useful (but undocumented) trace flag 9130 enabled: Now we can see the full picture. The whole table is scanned, returning all 36,525 rows, before the Filter narrows that down to just the 104 we want. Without the trace flag, the Filter is incorporated in the Clustered Index Scan as a residual predicate. It is a little bit more efficient than using a separate operator, but residual predicates are still something you will want to avoid where possible. The estimates are still spot on though: Anyway, looking to improve the performance of this query, Dave added the following filtered index to the Calendar table: CREATE NONCLUSTERED INDEX Weekends ON dbo.Calendar(theYear) WHERE isWeekday = 0; The original query now produces a much more efficient plan: Unfortunately, the estimated number of rows produced by the seek is now wrong (365 instead of 104): What’s going on? The estimate was spot on before we added the index! Explanation You might want to grab a coffee for this bit. Using another trace flag or two (8606 and 8612) we can see that the cardinality estimates were exactly right initially: The highlighted information shows the initial cardinality estimates for the base table (36,525 rows), the result of applying the two relational selects in our WHERE clause (104 rows), and after performing the COUNT_BIG(*) group by aggregate (1 row). All of these are correct, but that was before cost-based optimization got involved :) Cost-based optimization When cost-based optimization starts up, the logical tree above is copied into a structure (the ‘memo’) that has one group per logical operation (roughly speaking). The logical read of the base table (LogOp_Get) ends up in group 7; the two predicates (LogOp_Select) end up in group 8 (with the details of the selections in subgroups 0-6). These two groups still have the correct cardinalities as trace flag 8608 output (initial memo contents) shows: During cost-based optimization, a rule called SelToIdxStrategy runs on group 8. It’s job is to match logical selections to indexable expressions (SARGs). It successfully matches the selections (theYear = 2013, is Weekday = 0) to the filtered index, and writes a new alternative into the memo structure. The new alternative is entered into group 8 as option 1 (option 0 was the original LogOp_Select): The new alternative is to do nothing (PhyOp_NOP = no operation), but to instead follow the new logical instructions listed below the NOP. The LogOp_GetIdx (full read of an index) goes into group 21, and the LogOp_SelectIdx (selection on an index) is placed in group 22, operating on the result of group 21. The definition of the comparison ‘the Year = 2013’ (ScaOp_Comp downwards) was already present in the memo starting at group 2, so no new memo groups are created for that. New Cardinality Estimates The new memo groups require two new cardinality estimates to be derived. First, LogOp_Idx (full read of the index) gets a predicted cardinality of 10,436. This number comes from the filtered index statistics: DBCC SHOW_STATISTICS (Calendar, Weekends) WITH STAT_HEADER; The second new cardinality derivation is for the LogOp_SelectIdx applying the predicate (theYear = 2013). To get a number for this, the cardinality estimator uses statistics for the column ‘theYear’, producing an estimate of 365 rows (there are 365 days in 2013!): DBCC SHOW_STATISTICS (Calendar, theYear) WITH HISTOGRAM; This is where the mistake happens. Cardinality estimation should have used the filtered index statistics here, to get an estimate of 104 rows: DBCC SHOW_STATISTICS (Calendar, Weekends) WITH HISTOGRAM; Unfortunately, the logic has lost sight of the link between the read of the filtered index (LogOp_GetIdx) in group 22, and the selection on that index (LogOp_SelectIdx) that it is deriving a cardinality estimate for, in group 21. The correct cardinality estimate (104 rows) is still present in the memo, attached to group 8, but that group now has a PhyOp_NOP implementation. Skipping over the rest of cost-based optimization (in a belated attempt at brevity) we can see the optimizer’s final output using trace flag 8607: This output shows the (incorrect, but understandable) 365 row estimate for the index range operation, and the correct 104 estimate still attached to its PhyOp_NOP. This tree still has to go through a few post-optimizer rewrites and ‘copy out’ from the memo structure into a tree suitable for the execution engine. One step in this process removes PhyOp_NOP, discarding its 104-row cardinality estimate as it does so. To finish this section on a more positive note, consider what happens if we add an OVER clause to the query aggregate. This isn’t intended to be a ‘fix’ of any sort, I just want to show you that the 104 estimate can survive and be used if later cardinality estimation needs it: SELECT Days = COUNT_BIG(*) OVER () FROM dbo.Calendar AS C WHERE theYear = 2013 AND isWeekday = 0; The estimated execution plan is: Note the 365 estimate at the Index Seek, but the 104 lives again at the Segment! We can imagine the lost predicate ‘isWeekday = 0’ as sitting between the seek and the segment in an invisible Filter operator that drops the estimate from 365 to 104. Even though the NOP group is removed after optimization (so we don’t see it in the execution plan) bear in mind that all cost-based choices were made with the 104-row memo group present, so although things look a bit odd, it shouldn’t affect the optimizer’s plan selection. I should also mention that we can work around the estimation issue by including the index’s filtering columns in the index key: CREATE NONCLUSTERED INDEX Weekends ON dbo.Calendar(theYear, isWeekday) WHERE isWeekday = 0 WITH (DROP_EXISTING = ON); There are some downsides to doing this, including that changes to the isWeekday column may now require Halloween Protection, but that is unlikely to be a big problem for a static calendar table ;)  With the updated index in place, the original query produces an execution plan with the correct cardinality estimation showing at the Index Seek: That’s all for today, remember to let me know about any Switch plans you come across on a modern instance of SQL Server! Finally, here are some other posts of mine that cover other plan operators: Segment and Sequence Project Common Subexpression Spools Why Plan Operators Run Backwards Row Goals and the Top Operator Hash Match Flow Distinct Top N Sort Index Spools and Page Splits Singleton and Range Seeks Bitmaps Hash Join Performance Compute Scalar © 2013 Paul White – All Rights Reserved Twitter: @SQL_Kiwi

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  • How I understood monads, part 1/2: sleepless and self-loathing in Seattle

    - by Bertrand Le Roy
    For some time now, I had been noticing some interest for monads, mostly in the form of unintelligible (to me) blog posts and comments saying “oh, yeah, that’s a monad” about random stuff as if it were absolutely obvious and if I didn’t know what they were talking about, I was probably an uneducated idiot, ignorant about the simplest and most fundamental concepts of functional programming. Fair enough, I am pretty much exactly that. Being the kind of guy who can spend eight years in college just to understand a few interesting concepts about the universe, I had to check it out and try to understand monads so that I too can say “oh, yeah, that’s a monad”. Man, was I hit hard in the face with the limitations of my own abstract thinking abilities. All the articles I could find about the subject seemed to be vaguely understandable at first but very quickly overloaded the very few concept slots I have available in my brain. They also seemed to be consistently using arcane notation that I was entirely unfamiliar with. It finally all clicked together one Friday afternoon during the team’s beer symposium when Louis was patient enough to break it down for me in a language I could understand (C#). I don’t know if being intoxicated helped. Feel free to read this with or without a drink in hand. So here it is in a nutshell: a monad allows you to manipulate stuff in interesting ways. Oh, OK, you might say. Yeah. Exactly. Let’s start with a trivial case: public static class Trivial { public static TResult Execute<T, TResult>( this T argument, Func<T, TResult> operation) { return operation(argument); } } This is not a monad. I removed most concepts here to start with something very simple. There is only one concept here: the idea of executing an operation on an object. This is of course trivial and it would actually be simpler to just apply that operation directly on the object. But please bear with me, this is our first baby step. Here’s how you use that thing: "some string" .Execute(s => s + " processed by trivial proto-monad.") .Execute(s => s + " And it's chainable!"); What we’re doing here is analogous to having an assembly chain in a factory: you can feed it raw material (the string here) and a number of machines that each implement a step in the manufacturing process and you can start building stuff. The Trivial class here represents the empty assembly chain, the conveyor belt if you will, but it doesn’t care what kind of raw material gets in, what gets out or what each machine is doing. It is pure process. A real monad will need a couple of additional concepts. Let’s say the conveyor belt needs the material to be processed to be contained in standardized boxes, just so that it can safely and efficiently be transported from machine to machine or so that tracking information can be attached to it. Each machine knows how to treat raw material or partly processed material, but it doesn’t know how to treat the boxes so the conveyor belt will have to extract the material from the box before feeding it into each machine, and it will have to box it back afterwards. This conveyor belt with boxes is essentially what a monad is. It has one method to box stuff, one to extract stuff from its box and one to feed stuff into a machine. So let’s reformulate the previous example but this time with the boxes, which will do nothing for the moment except containing stuff. public class Identity<T> { public Identity(T value) { Value = value; } public T Value { get; private set;} public static Identity<T> Unit(T value) { return new Identity<T>(value); } public static Identity<U> Bind<U>( Identity<T> argument, Func<T, Identity<U>> operation) { return operation(argument.Value); } } Now this is a true to the definition Monad, including the weird naming of the methods. It is the simplest monad, called the identity monad and of course it does nothing useful. Here’s how you use it: Identity<string>.Bind( Identity<string>.Unit("some string"), s => Identity<string>.Unit( s + " was processed by identity monad.")).Value That of course is seriously ugly. Note that the operation is responsible for re-boxing its result. That is a part of strict monads that I don’t quite get and I’ll take the liberty to lift that strange constraint in the next examples. To make this more readable and easier to use, let’s build a few extension methods: public static class IdentityExtensions { public static Identity<T> ToIdentity<T>(this T value) { return new Identity<T>(value); } public static Identity<U> Bind<T, U>( this Identity<T> argument, Func<T, U> operation) { return operation(argument.Value).ToIdentity(); } } With those, we can rewrite our code as follows: "some string".ToIdentity() .Bind(s => s + " was processed by monad extensions.") .Bind(s => s + " And it's chainable...") .Value; This is considerably simpler but still retains the qualities of a monad. But it is still pointless. Let’s look at a more useful example, the state monad, which is basically a monad where the boxes have a label. It’s useful to perform operations on arbitrary objects that have been enriched with an attached state object. public class Stateful<TValue, TState> { public Stateful(TValue value, TState state) { Value = value; State = state; } public TValue Value { get; private set; } public TState State { get; set; } } public static class StateExtensions { public static Stateful<TValue, TState> ToStateful<TValue, TState>( this TValue value, TState state) { return new Stateful<TValue, TState>(value, state); } public static Stateful<TResult, TState> Execute<TValue, TState, TResult>( this Stateful<TValue, TState> argument, Func<TValue, TResult> operation) { return operation(argument.Value) .ToStateful(argument.State); } } You can get a stateful version of any object by calling the ToStateful extension method, passing the state object in. You can then execute ordinary operations on the values while retaining the state: var statefulInt = 3.ToStateful("This is the state"); var processedStatefulInt = statefulInt .Execute(i => ++i) .Execute(i => i * 10) .Execute(i => i + 2); Console.WriteLine("Value: {0}; state: {1}", processedStatefulInt.Value, processedStatefulInt.State); This monad differs from the identity by enriching the boxes. There is another way to give value to the monad, which is to enrich the processing. An example of that is the writer monad, which can be typically used to log the operations that are being performed by the monad. Of course, the richest monads enrich both the boxes and the processing. That’s all for today. I hope with this you won’t have to go through the same process that I did to understand monads and that you haven’t gone into concept overload like I did. Next time, we’ll examine some examples that you already know but we will shine the monadic light, hopefully illuminating them in a whole new way. Realizing that this pattern is actually in many places but mostly unnoticed is what will enable the truly casual “oh, yes, that’s a monad” comments. Here’s the code for this article: http://weblogs.asp.net/blogs/bleroy/Samples/Monads.zip The Wikipedia article on monads: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monads_in_functional_programming This article was invaluable for me in understanding how to express the canonical monads in C# (interesting Linq stuff in there): http://blogs.msdn.com/b/wesdyer/archive/2008/01/11/the-marvels-of-monads.aspx

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  • CodePlex Daily Summary for Monday, November 12, 2012

    CodePlex Daily Summary for Monday, November 12, 2012Popular ReleasesAX 2012 Custom Operating Units: AXPOM (beta): This is beta version of the tool. There are some known issues that will be fixed in the next upcoming release.????: ???? 1.0: ????Unicode IVS Add-in for Microsoft Office: Unicode IVS Add-in for Microsoft Office: Unicode IVS Add-in for Microsoft Office ??? ?????、Unicode IVS?????????????????Unicode IVS???????????????。??、??????????????、?????????????????????????????。EXCEL??、??、????????:DataPie(??MSSQL 2008、ORACLE、ACCESS 2007): DatePie3.4.2: DatePie3.4.2Microsoft Ajax Minifier: Microsoft Ajax Minifier 4.74: fix for issue #18836 - sometimes throws null-reference errors in ActivationObject.AnalyzeScope method. add back the Context object's 8-parameter constructor, since someone has code that's using it. throw a low-pri warning if an expression statement is == or ===; warn that the developer may have meant an assignment (=). if window.XXXX or window"XXXX" is encountered, add XXXX (as long as it's a valid JavaScript identifier) to the known globals so subsequent references to XXXX won't throw ...Home Access Plus+: v8.3: Changes: Fixed: A odd scroll bar showing up for no reason Changed: Added some code to hopefully sort out the details view when there is a small number of files Fixed: Where the details toolbar shows in the wrong place until you scroll Fixed: Where the Help Desk live tile shows all open tiles, instead of user specific tiles (admins still see all) Added: Powerpoint Files Filter Added: Print style for Booking System Added: Silent check for the logon tracker Updated: Logon Tracker I...Silverlight 4 & 5 Persian DatePicker: Silverlight 4 and 5 Persian DatePicker 1.5: - Improved DateTime Parser.???????: Monitor 2012-11-11: This is the first releaseVidCoder: 1.4.5 Beta: Removed the old Advanced user interface and moved x264 preset/profile/tune there instead. The functionality is still available through editing the options string. Added ability to specify the H.264 level. Added ability to choose VidCoder's interface language. If you are interested in translating, we can get VidCoder in your language! Updated WPF text rendering to use the better Display mode. Updated HandBrake core to SVN 5045. Removed logic that forced the .m4v extension in certain ...ImageGlass: Version 1.5: http://i1214.photobucket.com/albums/cc483/phapsuxeko/ImageGlass/1.png v1.5.4401.3015 Thumbnail bar: Increase loading speed Thumbnail image with ratio Support personal customization: mouse up, mouse down, mouse hover, selected item... Scroll to show all items Image viewer Zoom by scroll, or selected rectangle Speed up loading Zoom to cursor point New background design and customization and others... v1.5.4430.483 Thumbnail bar: Auto move scroll bar to selected image Show / Hi...Building Windows 8 Apps with C# and XAML: Full Source Chapters 1 - 10 for Windows 8 Fix 002: This is the full source from all chapters of the book, compiled and tested on Windows 8 RTM. Includes: A fix for the Netflix example from Chapter 6 that was missing a service reference A fix for the ImageHelper issue (images were not being saved) - this was due to the buffer being inadequate and required streaming the writeable bitmap to a buffer first before encoding and savingmyCollections: Version 2.3.2.0: New in this version : Added TheGamesDB.net API for Games and NDS Added Support for Windows Media Center Added Support for myMovies Added Support for XBMC Added Support for Dune HD Added Support for Mede8er Added Support for WD HDTV Added Fast search options Added order by Artist/Album for music You can now create covers and background for games You can now update your ID3 tag with the info of myCollections Fixed several provider Performance improvement New Splash ...Draw: Draw 1.0: Drawing PadPlayer Framework by Microsoft: Player Framework for Windows 8 (v1.0): IMPORTANT: List of breaking changes from preview 7 Ability to move control panel or individual elements outside media player. more info... New Entertainment app theme for out of the box support for Windows 8 Entertainment app guidelines. more info... VSIX reference names shortened. Allows seeing plugin name from "Add Reference" dialog without resizing. FreeWheel SmartXML now supports new "Standard" event callback type. Other minor misc fixes and improvements ADDITIONAL DOWNLOADSSmo...WebSearch.Net: WebSearch.Net 3.1: WebSearch.Net is an open-source research platform that provides uniform data source access, data modeling, feature calculation, data mining, etc. It facilitates the experiments of web search researchers due to its high flexibility and extensibility. The platform can be used or extended by any language compatible for .Net 2 framework, from C# (recommended), VB.Net to C++ and Java. Thanks to the large coverage of knowledge in web search research, it is necessary to model the techniques and main...Umbraco CMS: Umbraco 4.10.0: NugetNuGet BlogRead the release blog post for 4.10.0. Whats newMVC support New request pipeline Many, many bugfixes (see the issue tracker for a complete list) Read the documentation for the MVC bits. Breaking changesWe have done all we can not to break backwards compatibility, but we had to do some minor breaking changes: Removed graphicHeadlineFormat config setting from umbracoSettings.config (an old relic from the 3.x days) U4-690 DynamicNode ChildrenAsList was fixed, altering it'...SQL Server Partitioned Table Framework: Partitioned Table Framework Release 1.0: SQL Server 2012 ReleaseSharePoint Manager 2013: SharePoint Manager 2013 Release ver 1.0.12.1106: SharePoint Manager 2013 Release (ver: 1.0.12.1106) is now ready for SharePoint 2013. The new version has an expanded view of the SharePoint object model and has been tested on SharePoint 2013 RTM. As a bonus, the new version is also available for SharePoint 2010 as a separate download.Fiskalizacija za developere: FiskalizacijaDev 1.2: Verzija 1.2. je, prije svega, odgovor na novu verziju Tehnicke specifikacije (v1.1.) koja je objavljena prije nekoliko dana. Pored novosti vezanih uz (sitne) izmjene u spomenutoj novoj verziji Tehnicke dokumentacije, projekt smo prošili sa nekim dodatnim feature-ima od kojih je vecina proizašla iz vaših prijedloga - hvala :) Novosti u v1.2. su: - Neusuglašenost zahtjeva (http://fiskalizacija.codeplex.com/workitem/645) - Sample projekt - iznosi se množe sa 100 (http://fiskalizacija.codeplex.c...MFCMAPI: October 2012 Release: Build: 15.0.0.1036 Full release notes at SGriffin's blog. If you just want to run the MFCMAPI or MrMAPI, get the executables. If you want to debug them, get the symbol files and the source. The 64 bit builds will only work on a machine with Outlook 2010 64 bit installed. All other machines should use the 32 bit builds, regardless of the operating system. Facebook BadgeNew Projects.NET C# Wrapper for IQFeed API by Sentinel: An API for DTN IQFeed writtein in C#. Supports: - Historical Data Requests, - Lookup Tables - Level 1 - Level 2 - NewsBaiduMap: ????????API?????Bananagrams: An experimental Java project to find the most efficient strategy of playing Bannagrams, the popular game that I take absolutely no credit for inventing.Cloud Wallet: Don't try to remember every credit card, email, forum and account password of yours. Store them with Cloud Wallet in the skydrive and get them needed.Customer Contact System: System for Local Authorities/Government Bodies to manage enquiries from members of the public in their administrative area.daniel's little electronical bear: Hey, this is Daniel's idea that write her girlfriend a vivid little e-pet. So Daniel is just about to carry on this plan and hopefully fulfill it sooner or later. If you wanna give any advice, please don't hesitate to call me at any time,even ideas is OK!danielzhang0212@gmail.comfacebook page vote and like sample: facebook page vote and like sampleFriendly URL: This application is designed to help large organizations assign simple and memorable URL's to otherwise complicated or non-memorable URL's. GameSDK - Simple Game SDK with events: This game SDK use events for letting know each player through a game board when an events occurs. This is a simple SDK, easily adaptable to your project.GIF o Magic Prototype: GIF o Magic PrototypeHFS+ Driver Installer for Windows: Simple utility to install Read-Only HFS+ Driver to read Mac partitions from Windows.invrt: Simplest-that-could-possibly work inversion of control framework. Written in C#Kwd.Summary: Orchard module to provide alternate summary text for content itemsLogJam: LogJam will provide a modern, efficient, and productive framework for trace logging and metrics logging for all projects. LogJam is currently pre-alpha.Mi-DevEnv: Mi-DevEnv is an integrated set of PowerShell scripts to create virtual machines and populate them with software & tools e.g.: SharePoint,CRM,SQL,Office,K2 & VS.Mltools: mini tools for browser game.More Space Invaders: more then another space invadersMP3 Art Embedder: Embed cover art into MP3 filesMultiple GeoCoder: Serverside geocoding wrapper for various geocoding services. Supports a failover in the event you get throttled.My list: mvc3 project to test some frameworksMyFinalProject_WeamBinjumah: It is a website based on web 2.0 which about sea cruises' experiences with people who love amazing sea cruises. The website will offer most of web 2.0 features.netcached - memcached client for .NET: netcached is a lightweight, high performance .NET client for memcached protocol.paipai: paipaiProjeto Zeus: PROJETO REALIZADO COMO TRABALHO ACADÊMICO.Roy's Tools: Roy's ToolsSuperCotka: SuperCotkaSzoftvertechnológia beadandó: Árva Balázs beadandójának projektvezeto oldalat az ELTE szoftvertechnológia tantárgyára.Twi.Fly: Twi.Fly is designed to change the way that you write most of your code.Coding likes flying, more than twice speed.Unicode IVS Add-in for Microsoft Office: "Unicode IVS Add-in for Microsoft Office" makes Microsoft Office 2007 and 2010 capable to load, save and edit documents contains Unicode IVS.Uyghur Named Date: Generate Uyghur named date string. ???????? ??? ?????? ????? ????? ?????Windows 8 Camp BH: Projeto contendo conteudo de ajuda para o Windows 8 Camp oferecido pelo Microsoft Inovation Center de Belo Horizonte.???????: ??wpf??????? ?? ??

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  • WSDL-world vs CLR-world – some differences

    - by nmarun
    A change in mindset is required when switching between a typical CLR application and a web service application. There are some things in a CLR environment that just don’t add-up in a WSDL arena (and vice-versa). I’m listing some of them here. When I say WSDL-world, I’m mostly talking with respect to a WCF Service and / or a Web Service. No (direct) Method Overloading: You definitely can have overloaded methods in a, say, Console application, but when it comes to a WCF / Web Services application, you need to adorn these overloaded methods with a special attribute so the service knows which specific method to invoke. When you’re working with WCF, use the Name property of the OperationContract attribute to provide unique names. 1: [OperationContract(Name = "AddInt")] 2: int Add(int arg1, int arg2); 3:  4: [OperationContract(Name = "AddDouble")] 5: double Add(double arg1, double arg2); By default, the proxy generates the code for this as: 1: [System.ServiceModel.OperationContractAttribute( 2: Action="http://tempuri.org/ILearnWcfService/AddInt", 3: ReplyAction="http://tempuri.org/ILearnWcfService/AddIntResponse")] 4: int AddInt(int arg1, int arg2); 5: 6: [System.ServiceModel.OperationContractAttribute( 7: Action="http://tempuri.org/ILearnWcfServiceExtend/AddDouble", 8: ReplyAction="http://tempuri.org/ILearnWcfServiceExtend/AddDoubleResponse")] 9: double AddDouble(double arg1, double arg2); With Web Services though the story is slightly different. Even after setting the MessageName property of the WebMethod attribute, the proxy does not change the name of the method, but only the underlying soap message changes. 1: [WebMethod] 2: public string HelloGalaxy() 3: { 4: return "Hello Milky Way!"; 5: } 6:  7: [WebMethod(MessageName = "HelloAnyGalaxy")] 8: public string HelloGalaxy(string galaxyName) 9: { 10: return string.Format("Hello {0}!", galaxyName); 11: } The one thing you need to remember is to set the WebServiceBinding accordingly. 1: [WebServiceBinding(ConformsTo = WsiProfiles.None)] The proxy is: 1: [System.Web.Services.Protocols.SoapDocumentMethodAttribute("http://tempuri.org/HelloGalaxy", 2: RequestNamespace="http://tempuri.org/", 3: ResponseNamespace="http://tempuri.org/", 4: Use=System.Web.Services.Description.SoapBindingUse.Literal, 5: ParameterStyle=System.Web.Services.Protocols.SoapParameterStyle.Wrapped)] 6: public string HelloGalaxy() 7:  8: [System.Web.Services.WebMethodAttribute(MessageName="HelloGalaxy1")] 9: [System.Web.Services.Protocols.SoapDocumentMethodAttribute("http://tempuri.org/HelloAnyGalaxy", 10: RequestElementName="HelloAnyGalaxy", 11: RequestNamespace="http://tempuri.org/", 12: ResponseElementName="HelloAnyGalaxyResponse", 13: ResponseNamespace="http://tempuri.org/", 14: Use=System.Web.Services.Description.SoapBindingUse.Literal, 15: ParameterStyle=System.Web.Services.Protocols.SoapParameterStyle.Wrapped)] 16: [return: System.Xml.Serialization.XmlElementAttribute("HelloAnyGalaxyResult")] 17: public string HelloGalaxy(string galaxyName) 18:  You see the calling method name is the same in the proxy, however the soap message that gets generated is different. Using interchangeable data types: See details on this here. Type visibility: In a CLR-based application, if you mark a field as private, well we all know, it’s ‘private’. Coming to a WSDL side of things, in a Web Service, private fields and web methods will not get generated in the proxy. In WCF however, all your operation contracts will be public as they get implemented from an interface. Even in case your ServiceContract interface is declared internal/private, you will see it as a public interface in the proxy. This is because type visibility is a CLR concept and has no bearing on WCF. Also if a private field has the [DataMember] attribute in a data contract, it will get emitted in the proxy class as a public property for the very same reason. 1: [DataContract] 2: public struct Person 3: { 4: [DataMember] 5: private int _x; 6:  7: [DataMember] 8: public int Id { get; set; } 9:  10: [DataMember] 11: public string FirstName { get; set; } 12:  13: [DataMember] 14: public string Header { get; set; } 15: } 16: } See the ‘_x’ field is a private member with the [DataMember] attribute, but the proxy class shows as below: 1: [System.Runtime.Serialization.DataMemberAttribute()] 2: public int _x { 3: get { 4: return this._xField; 5: } 6: set { 7: if ((this._xField.Equals(value) != true)) { 8: this._xField = value; 9: this.RaisePropertyChanged("_x"); 10: } 11: } 12: } Passing derived types to web methods / operation contracts: Once again, in a CLR application, I can have a derived class be passed as a parameter where a base class is expected. I have the following set up for my WCF service. 1: [DataContract] 2: public class Employee 3: { 4: [DataMember(Name = "Id")] 5: public int EmployeeId { get; set; } 6:  7: [DataMember(Name="FirstName")] 8: public string FName { get; set; } 9:  10: [DataMember] 11: public string Header { get; set; } 12: } 13:  14: [DataContract] 15: public class Manager : Employee 16: { 17: [DataMember] 18: private int _x; 19: } 20:  21: // service contract 22: [OperationContract] 23: Manager SaveManager(Employee employee); 24:  25: // in my calling code 26: Manager manager = new Manager {_x = 1, FirstName = "abc"}; 27: manager = LearnWcfServiceClient.SaveManager(manager); The above will throw an exception saying: In short, this is saying, that a Manager type was found where an Employee type was expected! Hierarchy flattening of interfaces in WCF: See details on this here. In CLR world, you’ll see the entire hierarchy as is. That’s another difference. Using ref parameters: * can use ref for parameters, but operation contract should not be one-way (gives an error when you do an update service reference)   => bad programming; create a return object that is composed of everything you need! This one kind of stumped me. Not sure why I tried this, but you can pass parameters prefixed with ref keyword* (* terms and conditions apply). The main issue is this, how would we know the changes that were made to a ‘ref’ input parameter are returned back from the service and updated to the local variable? Turns out both Web Services and WCF make this tracking happen by passing the input parameter in the response soap. This way when the deserializer does its magic, it maps all the elements of the response xml thereby updating our local variable. Here’s what I’m talking about. 1: [WebMethod(MessageName = "HelloAnyGalaxy")] 2: public string HelloGalaxy(ref string galaxyName) 3: { 4: string output = string.Format("Hello {0}", galaxyName); 5: if (galaxyName == "Andromeda") 6: { 7: galaxyName = string.Format("{0} (2.5 million light-years away)", galaxyName); 8: } 9: return output; 10: } This is how the request and response look like in soapUI. As I said above, the behavior is quite similar for WCF as well. But the catch comes when you have a one-way web methods / operation contracts. If you have an operation contract whose return type is void, is marked one-way and that has ref parameters then you’ll get an error message when you try to reference such a service. 1: [OperationContract(Name = "Sum", IsOneWay = true)] 2: void Sum(ref double arg1, ref double arg2); 3:  4: public void Sum(ref double arg1, ref double arg2) 5: { 6: arg1 += arg2; 7: } This is what I got when I did an update to my service reference: Makes sense, because a OneWay operation is… one-way – there’s no returning from this operation. You can also have a one-way web method: 1: [SoapDocumentMethod(OneWay = true)] 2: [WebMethod(MessageName = "HelloAnyGalaxy")] 3: public void HelloGalaxy(ref string galaxyName) This will throw an exception message similar to the one above when you try to update your web service reference. In the CLR space, there’s no such concept of a ‘one-way’ street! Yes, there’s void, but you very well can have ref parameters returned through such a method. Just a point here; although the ref/out concept sounds cool, it’s generally is a code-smell. The better approach is to always return an object that is composed of everything you need returned from a method. These are some of the differences that we need to bear when dealing with services that are different from our daily ‘CLR’ life.

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  • HTG Explains: Just How Bad Are Android Tablet Apps?

    - by Chris Hoffman
    Apple loves to criticize the state of Android tablet apps when pushing its own iPad tablets. But just how bad is the Android tablet app situation? Should you avoid Android tablets like the Nexus 7 because of the apps? It’s clear that Apple’s iPad is way ahead when it comes to the sheer quantity of tablet-optimized apps. It’s also clear that some popular apps — particularly touch-optimized games — only show up on iPad. But that’s not the whole story. The Basics First, let’s get an idea of the basic stuff that will work well for you on Android. An excellent web browser. Chrome has struggled with performance on Android, but hits its stride on the Nexus 7 (2013). Great, tablet-optimized apps for all of Google’s services, from YouTube to Gmail and Google Maps. Everything you need for reading, from Amazon’s Kindle app for eBooks, Flipboard and Feedly for new articles from websites, and other services like the popular Pocket read-it-later service. Apps for most popular media services, from Netflix, Hulu, and YouTube for videos to Pandora, Spotify, and Rdio for music. A few things aren’t available — you won’t find Apple’s iTunes and Amazon still doesn’t offer an Amazon Instant Video app for Android, while they do for iPad and even their own Android-based Kindle Fire devices. Android has very good app coverage when it comes to consuming content, whether you’re reading websites and ebooks or watching videos and listening to music. You can play almost any Android smartphone game, too. For content consumption, Android is better than something like Windows 8, which lacks apps for Google services like YouTube and still doesn’t have apps for popular media services like Spotify and Rdio. How Android Scales Smartphone Apps Let’s look at how Android scales smartphone apps. Now, bear with us here — we know “scaling” is a dirty word considering how poorly Apple’s iPad scales iPhone apps, but it’s not as bad on Android. When an iPad runs an iPhone app, it simply doubles the pixels and effectively zooms in. For example, if you had  Twitter app with five tweets visible at once on an iPhone and ran the same app on an iPad, the iPad would simply “zoom in” and enlarge the same screen — you’d still see five tweets, but each tweet would appear larger. This is why developers create optimized iPad apps with their own interfaces. It’s especially important on Apple’s iOS. Android devices come in all shapes and sizes, so Android apps have a smarter, more intelligent way to adapt to different screen sizes. Let’s say you have a Twitter app designed for smartphones and it only shows five tweets at once when run on a phone. If you ran the same app on a tablet, you wouldn’t see the same five tweets — you’d see ten or more tweets. Rather than simply zooming in, the app can show more content at the same time on a tablet, even if it was never optimized for tablet-size screens. While apps designed for smartphones aren’t generally ideal, they adapt much better on Android than they do on an iPad. This is particularly true when it comes to games. You’re capable of playing almost any Android smartphone game on an Android tablet, and games generally adapt very well to the larger screen. This gives you access to a huge catalog of games. It’s a great option to have, especially when you look at Microsoft’s Window 8 and consider how much better the touch-based app and game selection would be if Microsoft allowed its users to run Windows Phone games on Windows 8. 7-inch vs 10-inch Tablets The Twitter example above wasn’t just an example. The official Twitter app for Android still doesn’t have a tablet-optimized interface, so this is the sort of situation you’d have to deal with on an Android tablet. On the popular Nexus 7, Twitter is an example of a smartphone app that actually works fairly well — in portrait mode, you can see many more tweets on screen at the same time and none of the space really feels all that wasted. This is important to consider — smartphone apps like Twitter often scale quite well to 7-inch screens because a 7-inch screen is much closer in form factor to a smartphone than a 10-inch screen is. When you begin to look at 10-inch Android tablets that are the same size as an iPad, the situation changes. While the Twitter app works well enough on a Nexus 7, it looks horrible on a Nexus 10 or other 10-inch tablet. Running many smartphone-designed apps — possible with the exception of games — on a 10-inch tablet is a frustrating, poor experience. There’s much more white, empty space in the interface. It feels like you’re using a smartphone app on a large screen, and what’s the point of that? A tablet-optimized Twitter app for Android is finally on its way, but this same situation will repeat with many other types of apps. For example, Facebook doesn’t offer a tablet-optimized interface, but it’s okay on a Nexus 7 anyway. On a 10-inch screen, it probably wouldn’t be anywhere near as nice an experience. It goes without saying that Facebook and Twitter both offer iPad apps with interfaces designed for a tablet-size screen. Here’s another problematic app — the official Yelp app for Android. Even just using it on a 7-inch Nexus 7 will be a poor experience, while it would be much worse on a larger 10-inch tablet app. Now, it’s true that many — maybe even most — of the popular apps you might want to run today are optimized for Android tablets. But, when you look at the situation when it comes to popular apps like Twitter, Facebook, and Yelp, it’s clear Android is still behind in a meaningful way. Price Let’s be honest. The thing that really makes Android tablets compelling — and the only reason Android tablets started seeing real traction after years of almost complete dominance by Apple’s iPads — is that Android tablets are available for so much cheaper than iPads. Google’s latest Nexus 7 (2013) is available for only $230. Apple’s non-retina iPad Mini is available at $300, which is already $70 more. In spite of that, the iPad Mini has much older, slower internals and a much lower resolution screen. It’s not as nice to look at when it comes to reading or watching movies, and the iPad Mini reportedly struggles to run Apple’s latest iOS 7. In contrast, the new Nexus 7 has a very high resolution screen, speedy internals, and runs Android very well with little-to-no lag in real use. We haven’t had any problems with it, unlike all the problems we unfortunately encountered with the first Nexus 7. For a really comparable experience to the current Nexus 7, you’d want to get one of Apple’s new retina iPad Minis. That would cost you $400, another $170 over the Nexus 7. In fact, it’s possible to regularly find sales on the Nexus 7, so if you waited you could get it for just $200 — half the price of the iPad mini with a comparable screen and internals. (In fairness, the iPad certainly has better hardware — but you won’t feel if it you’re just using your tablet to browse the web, watch videos, and do other typical tablet things.) This makes a tablet like the popular Nexus 7 a very good option for budget-conscious users who just want a high-quality device they can use to browse the web, watch videos, play games, and generally do light computing. There’s a reason we’re focusing on the Nexus 7 here. The combination of price and size brings it to a very good place. It’s awfully cheap for the high-quality experience you get, and the 7-inch screen means that even the non-tablet-optimized apps you may stumble across will often work fairly well. On the other hand, more expensive 10-inch Android tablets are still a tougher sell. For $400-$500, you’re getting awfully close to Apple’s full-size iPad price range and Android tablets don’t have as good an app ecosystem as an iPad. It’s hard to recommend an expensive, 10-inch Android tablet over a full-size iPad to average users. In summary, the Android app tablet app situation is nowhere near as bad as it was a few years ago. The success of the Nexus 7 proves that Android tablets can be compelling experiences, and there are a wide variety of strong apps. That said, more expensive 10-inch Android tablets that compete directly with the full-size iPad on price still don’t make much sense for most people.  Unless you have a specific reason for preferring an Android tablet, it’s tough not to recommend an iPad if you’re looking at spending $400+ on a 10-inch tablet. Image Credit: Christian Ghanime on Flickr, Christian Ghanime on Flickr     

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  • Timeout Considerations for Solicit Response

    - by Michael Stephenson
    Background One of the clients I work with had been experiencing some issues for a while surrounding web service timeouts.  It's been a little challenging to work through the problems due to limitations in the diagnostic information available from one of the applications, but I learned some interesting things while troubleshooting the problem which don't seem to have been discussed much in the community so I thought I'd share my findings. In the scenario we have BizTalk trying to make calls to a .net web service which was exposed as a WSE 2 endpoint.  In the process BizTalk will try to make a large number of concurrent web service calls to the application, and the backend application has more than enough infrastructure and capability to handle the load. We have configured the <ConnectionManagement> section of the BizTalk configuration file to support up to 100 concurrent connections from each of our 2 BizTalk send servers to the web servers of the application. The problem we were facing was that the BizTalk side was reporting a significant number of timeouts when calling the web service.   One of the biggest issues was the challenge of being able to correlate a message from BizTalk to the IIS log in the .net application and the custom logs in the application especially when there was a fairly large number of servers hosting the web services.  However the key moment came when we were able to identify a specific call which had taken 40 seconds to execute on the server (yes a long time I know but that's a different story!).  Anyway we were able to identify that this had timed out on the BizTalk side.  Based on the normal 2 minute timeout we knew something unexpected was going on. From here I decided to do some experimentation and I wanted to start outside of BizTalk because my hunch was this was not a BizTalk behaviour but something which was being highlighted by BizTalk because of our large load.     Server-side - Sample Web Service To begin with I created a sample web service.  Nothing special just a vanilla asmx web service hosted in IIS6 on Windows 2003 Standard Edition.  The web service is just a hello world style web service as shown in the below picture.  The only key feature is that the server side web method has a 30 second sleep in it and will trace out some information before and after the thread is set to sleep.      In the configuration for this web service there again is nothing special it's pretty much the most plain simple web service you could build. Client-Side To begin looking at what was happening with our example I created a number of different ways to consume the web service. SoapHttpClientProtocol Example I created a small application which would use a normal proxy generated to call the web service.  It would iterate around a loop and make calls using the begin/end methods so I can do this asynchronously.  I would do a loop of 20 calls with the ConnectionManager configuration section supporting only 5 concurrent connections to the server.     <connectionManagement> <remove address="*"/> <add address = "*" maxconnection = "12" /> <add address = "http://<ServerName>" maxconnection = "5" />                         </connectionManagement> </system.net>     The below picture shows an example of the service calling code, key points are: I have configured the timeout of 40 seconds for the proxy I am using the asynchronous methods on the proxy to call the web service         The Test I would run the client and execute 21 calls to the web service.   The Results  Below is the client side trace showing what's happening on the client. In the below diagram is the web service side trace showing what's happening on the server Some observations on the results are: All of the calls were successful from the clients perspective You could see the next call starting on the server as soon as the previous one had completed Calls took significantly longer than 40 seconds from the start of our call to the return. In fact call 20 took 2 minutes and 30 seconds from the perspective of my code to execute even though I had set the timeout to 40 seconds     WSE 2 Sample In the second example I used the exact same code to call the web service again with a single exception that I modified the web service proxy to derive from WebServiceClient protocol which is part of WSE 2 (using SP3).  The below picture shows the basic code and the key points are: I have configured the timeout of 40 seconds for the proxy I am using the asynchronous methods on the proxy to call the web service        The Test This test would execute 21 calls from the client to the web service.   The Results  The below trace is from the client side: The below trace is from the server side:   Some observations on the trace results for this scenario are: With call 4 if you look at the server side trace it did not start executing on the server for a number of seconds after the other 4 initial calls which were accepted by the server. I re-ran the test and this happened a couple of times and not on most others so at this point I'm just putting this down to something unexpected happening on the development machine and we will leave this observation out of scope of this article. You can see that the client side trace statement executed almost immediately in all cases All calls after the initial few calls would timeout On the client side the calls that did timeout; timed out in a longer duration than the 40 seconds we set as the timeout You can see that as calls were completing on the server the next calls were starting to come through The calls that timed out on the client did actually connect to the server and their server side execution completed successfully     Elaboration on the findings Based on the above observations I have drawn the below sequence diagram to illustrate conceptually what is happening.  Everything except the final web service object is on the client side of the call. In the diagram below I've put two notes on the Web Service Proxy to show the two different places where the different base classes seem to start their timeout counters. From the earlier samples we can work out that the timeout counter for the WSE web service proxy starts before the one for the SoapHttpClientProtocol proxy and the WSE one includes the time to get a connection from the pool; whereas the Soap proxy timeout just covers the method execution. One interesting observation is if we rerun the above sample and increase the number of calls from 21 to 100,000 then for the WSE sample we will see a similar pattern where everything after the first few calls will timeout on the client as soon as it makes a connection to the server whereas the soap proxy will happily plug away and process all of the calls without a single timeout. I have actually set the sample running overnight and this did happen. At this point you are probably thinking the same thoughts I was at the time about the differences in behaviour and which is right and why are they different? I'm not sure there is a definitive answer to this in the documentation, or at least not that I could find! I think you just have to consider that they are different and they could have different effects depending on your messaging solution. In lots of situations this is just not an issue as your concurrent requests doesn't get to the situation where you end up throttling the web service calls on the client side, however this is definitely more common with an integration broker such as BizTalk where you often have high throughput requirements.  Some of the considerations you should make Based on this behaviour you should be aware of the following: In a .net application if you are making lots of concurrent web service calls from an application in an asynchronous manner your user may thing they are experiencing poor performance but you think your web service is working well. The problem could be that the client will have a default of 2 connections to remote servers so you should bear this in mind When you are developing a BizTalk solution or a .net solution with the WSE 2 stack you may experience timeouts under load and throttling the number of connections using the max connections element in the configuration file will not help you For an application using WSE2 or SoapHttpClientProtocol an expired timeout will not throw an error until after a connection to the server has been made so you should consider this in your transaction and durability patterns     Our Work Around In the short term for our specific scenario we know that we can handle this by just increasing our timeout value.  There is only a specific small window when we get lots of concurrent traffic that causes this scenario so we should be able to increase the timeout to take into consideration the additional client side wait, and on the odd occasion where we do get a timeout the BizTalk send port retry will handle this. What was causing our original problem was that for that short window we were getting a lot of retries which significantly increased the load on our send servers and highlighted the issue.  Longer Term Solution As a longer term solution this really gives us more ammunition to argue a migration to WCF. The application we are calling has some factors which limit the protocols we can use but with WCF we would have more control on the various timeout options because in WCF you can configure specific parts of the timeout. Summary I've had this blog post on my to do list for ages but hopefully it will be useful to some people to just understand this behaviour and to possibly help you with some performance issues you may have. I do not believe there is too much in the way of documentation particularly around WSE2 and ASMX in this area so again another bit of ammunition for migrating to WCF. I'll try to do a follow up post with the sample for WCF to show how this changes things.

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  • Processing Kinect v2 Color Streams in Parallel

    - by Chris Gardner
    Originally posted on: http://geekswithblogs.net/freestylecoding/archive/2014/08/20/processing-kinect-v2-color-streams-in-parallel.aspxProcessing Kinect v2 Color Streams in Parallel I've really been enjoying being a part of the Kinect for Windows Developer's Preview. The new hardware has some really impressive capabilities. However, with great power comes great system specs. Unfortunately, my little laptop that could is not 100% up to the task; I've had to get a little creative. The most disappointing thing I've run into is that I can't always cleanly display the color camera stream in managed code. I managed to strip the code down to what I believe is the bear minimum: using( ColorFrame _ColorFrame = e.FrameReference.AcquireFrame() ) { if( null == _ColorFrame ) return;   BitmapToDisplay.Lock(); _ColorFrame.CopyConvertedFrameDataToIntPtr( BitmapToDisplay.BackBuffer, Convert.ToUInt32( BitmapToDisplay.BackBufferStride * BitmapToDisplay.PixelHeight ), ColorImageFormat.Bgra ); BitmapToDisplay.AddDirtyRect( new Int32Rect( 0, 0, _ColorFrame.FrameDescription.Width, _ColorFrame.FrameDescription.Height ) ); BitmapToDisplay.Unlock(); } With this snippet, I'm placing the converted Bgra32 color stream directly on the BackBuffer of the WriteableBitmap. This gives me pretty smooth playback, but I still get the occasional freeze for half a second. After a bit of profiling, I discovered there were a few problems. The first problem is the size of the buffer along with the conversion on the buffer. At this time, the raw image format of the data from the Kinect is Yuy2. This is great for direct video processing. It would be ideal if I had a WriteableVideo object in WPF. However, this is not the case. Further digging led me to the real problem. It appears that the SDK is converting the input serially. Let's think about this for a second. The color camera is a 1080p camera. As we should all know, this give us a native resolution of 1920 x 1080. This produces 2,073,600 pixels. Yuy2 uses 4 bytes per 2 pixel, for a buffer size of 4,147,200 bytes. Bgra32 uses 4 bytes per pixel, for a buffer size of 8,294,400 bytes. The SDK appears to be doing this on one thread. I started wondering if I chould do this better myself. I mean, I have 8 cores in my system. Why can't I use them all? The first problem is converting a Yuy2 frame into a Bgra32 frame. It is NOT trivial. I spent a day of research of just how to do this. In the end, I didn't even produce the best algorithm possible, but it did work. After I managed to get that to work, I knew my next step was the get the conversion operation off the UI Thread. This was a simple process of throwing the work into a Task. Of course, this meant I had to marshal the final write to the WriteableBitmap back to the UI thread. Finally, I needed to vectorize the operation so I could run it safely in parallel. This was, mercifully, not quite as hard as I thought it would be. I had my loop return an index to a pair of pixels. From there, I had to tell the loop to do everything for this pair of pixels. If you're wondering why I did it for pairs of pixels, look back above at the specification for the Yuy2 format. I won't go into full detail on why each 4 bytes contains 2 pixels of information, but rest assured that there is a reason why the format is described in that way. The first working attempt at this algorithm successfully turned my poor laptop into a space heater. I very quickly brought and maintained all 8 cores up to about 97% usage. That's when I remembered that obscure option in the Task Parallel Library where you could limit the amount of parallelism used. After a little trial and error, I discovered 4 parallel tasks was enough for most cases. This yielded the follow code: private byte ClipToByte( int p_ValueToClip ) { return Convert.ToByte( ( p_ValueToClip < byte.MinValue ) ? byte.MinValue : ( ( p_ValueToClip > byte.MaxValue ) ? byte.MaxValue : p_ValueToClip ) ); }   private void ColorFrameArrived( object sender, ColorFrameArrivedEventArgs e ) { if( null == e.FrameReference ) return;   // If you do not dispose of the frame, you never get another one... using( ColorFrame _ColorFrame = e.FrameReference.AcquireFrame() ) { if( null == _ColorFrame ) return;   byte[] _InputImage = new byte[_ColorFrame.FrameDescription.LengthInPixels * _ColorFrame.FrameDescription.BytesPerPixel]; byte[] _OutputImage = new byte[BitmapToDisplay.BackBufferStride * BitmapToDisplay.PixelHeight]; _ColorFrame.CopyRawFrameDataToArray( _InputImage );   Task.Factory.StartNew( () => { ParallelOptions _ParallelOptions = new ParallelOptions(); _ParallelOptions.MaxDegreeOfParallelism = 4;   Parallel.For( 0, Sensor.ColorFrameSource.FrameDescription.LengthInPixels / 2, _ParallelOptions, ( _Index ) => { // See http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/dd206750(v=vs.85).aspx int _Y0 = _InputImage[( _Index << 2 ) + 0] - 16; int _U = _InputImage[( _Index << 2 ) + 1] - 128; int _Y1 = _InputImage[( _Index << 2 ) + 2] - 16; int _V = _InputImage[( _Index << 2 ) + 3] - 128;   byte _R = ClipToByte( ( 298 * _Y0 + 409 * _V + 128 ) >> 8 ); byte _G = ClipToByte( ( 298 * _Y0 - 100 * _U - 208 * _V + 128 ) >> 8 ); byte _B = ClipToByte( ( 298 * _Y0 + 516 * _U + 128 ) >> 8 );   _OutputImage[( _Index << 3 ) + 0] = _B; _OutputImage[( _Index << 3 ) + 1] = _G; _OutputImage[( _Index << 3 ) + 2] = _R; _OutputImage[( _Index << 3 ) + 3] = 0xFF; // A   _R = ClipToByte( ( 298 * _Y1 + 409 * _V + 128 ) >> 8 ); _G = ClipToByte( ( 298 * _Y1 - 100 * _U - 208 * _V + 128 ) >> 8 ); _B = ClipToByte( ( 298 * _Y1 + 516 * _U + 128 ) >> 8 );   _OutputImage[( _Index << 3 ) + 4] = _B; _OutputImage[( _Index << 3 ) + 5] = _G; _OutputImage[( _Index << 3 ) + 6] = _R; _OutputImage[( _Index << 3 ) + 7] = 0xFF; } );   Application.Current.Dispatcher.Invoke( () => { BitmapToDisplay.WritePixels( new Int32Rect( 0, 0, Sensor.ColorFrameSource.FrameDescription.Width, Sensor.ColorFrameSource.FrameDescription.Height ), _OutputImage, BitmapToDisplay.BackBufferStride, 0 ); } ); } ); } } This seemed to yield a results I wanted, but there was still the occasional stutter. This lead to what I realized was the second problem. There is a race condition between the UI Thread and me locking the WriteableBitmap so I can write the next frame. Again, I'm writing approximately 8MB to the back buffer. Then, I started thinking I could cheat. The Kinect is running at 30 frames per second. The WPF UI Thread runs at 60 frames per second. This made me not feel bad about exploiting the Composition Thread. I moved the bulk of the code from the FrameArrived handler into CompositionTarget.Rendering. Once I was in there, I polled from a frame, and rendered it if it existed. Since, in theory, I'm only killing the Composition Thread every other hit, I decided I was ok with this for cases where silky smooth video performance REALLY mattered. This ode looked like this: private byte ClipToByte( int p_ValueToClip ) { return Convert.ToByte( ( p_ValueToClip < byte.MinValue ) ? byte.MinValue : ( ( p_ValueToClip > byte.MaxValue ) ? byte.MaxValue : p_ValueToClip ) ); }   void CompositionTarget_Rendering( object sender, EventArgs e ) { using( ColorFrame _ColorFrame = FrameReader.AcquireLatestFrame() ) { if( null == _ColorFrame ) return;   byte[] _InputImage = new byte[_ColorFrame.FrameDescription.LengthInPixels * _ColorFrame.FrameDescription.BytesPerPixel]; byte[] _OutputImage = new byte[BitmapToDisplay.BackBufferStride * BitmapToDisplay.PixelHeight]; _ColorFrame.CopyRawFrameDataToArray( _InputImage );   ParallelOptions _ParallelOptions = new ParallelOptions(); _ParallelOptions.MaxDegreeOfParallelism = 4;   Parallel.For( 0, Sensor.ColorFrameSource.FrameDescription.LengthInPixels / 2, _ParallelOptions, ( _Index ) => { // See http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/dd206750(v=vs.85).aspx int _Y0 = _InputImage[( _Index << 2 ) + 0] - 16; int _U = _InputImage[( _Index << 2 ) + 1] - 128; int _Y1 = _InputImage[( _Index << 2 ) + 2] - 16; int _V = _InputImage[( _Index << 2 ) + 3] - 128;   byte _R = ClipToByte( ( 298 * _Y0 + 409 * _V + 128 ) >> 8 ); byte _G = ClipToByte( ( 298 * _Y0 - 100 * _U - 208 * _V + 128 ) >> 8 ); byte _B = ClipToByte( ( 298 * _Y0 + 516 * _U + 128 ) >> 8 );   _OutputImage[( _Index << 3 ) + 0] = _B; _OutputImage[( _Index << 3 ) + 1] = _G; _OutputImage[( _Index << 3 ) + 2] = _R; _OutputImage[( _Index << 3 ) + 3] = 0xFF; // A   _R = ClipToByte( ( 298 * _Y1 + 409 * _V + 128 ) >> 8 ); _G = ClipToByte( ( 298 * _Y1 - 100 * _U - 208 * _V + 128 ) >> 8 ); _B = ClipToByte( ( 298 * _Y1 + 516 * _U + 128 ) >> 8 );   _OutputImage[( _Index << 3 ) + 4] = _B; _OutputImage[( _Index << 3 ) + 5] = _G; _OutputImage[( _Index << 3 ) + 6] = _R; _OutputImage[( _Index << 3 ) + 7] = 0xFF; } );   BitmapToDisplay.WritePixels( new Int32Rect( 0, 0, Sensor.ColorFrameSource.FrameDescription.Width, Sensor.ColorFrameSource.FrameDescription.Height ), _OutputImage, BitmapToDisplay.BackBufferStride, 0 ); } }

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  • On REST: WADL or not IDL, is the following approach right ?

    - by redben
    This question is a bit long, please bear with me. In REST, i think we should not need WADL or any IDL. But rather something that would implicitly cover its concept. The way I think about it is when we (humans) surf the Web, when we go to a web site for the first time, we don't know what services it provides. You discover those on the html home page (or a sitemap page in a help section) or maybe just the main menu on the home page. If you make an analogy, the homepage or site map to us humans is what WSDL is to WS-* or what WADL could be to a REST service. Only that its just like any other html content. I think that in REST the following is a good way to do things, respecting the HATEOS paradigm. Have a top level (or default) resource that lists links to your other resources. For a library example, say RestLibrary.com/ it could be something like: <root xmlns:lib="http://librarystandards.com/libraryml"> <resource class="lib:book"> <link type="application/vnd.libraryml+xml" template="mylib.com/book/{isbn}" /> <link type="application/vnd.libraryml+xml" rel="add" href="mylib.com/book" method="POST" /> <link type="application/vnd.libraryml+xml" rel="update" template="mylib.com/book/{isbn}" method="PUT" /> </resource> <resource class="lib:bookList"> <link template="mylib.com/book?keywords={keywords}" type="application/vnd.openlibrary+xml" rel="search" /> </resource> </root> Note that it is assumed that the media type "application/vnd.libraryml+xml" is a defined standard or (may be just proprietary vocabulary) named libraryml. Also, the client should be able to understand this "homepage" resource (elements root, resource and link). This is the part that could be used instead of WADL : an Abstract vocabulary that should be understandable by any client. You could use an existing standard like Atom for example. But the main idea is to have an abstract vocabulary understandable by any client. Why not WADL then ? well wadl is only for service discovery. The idea here is to have an light abstract vocabulary that would serve as a base for hypermedia. A "root" vocabulary. Like in owl we have owl:thing...etc Now if the client knows the "libraryml" standard it can follow the links to the things it understands (after parsing the media type properties and xmlns). If not, it just won't. When i can't understand how to deal with something in REST architecture i tend to see how we Humans do it in the Web. In the Web, we have the Generic language that is HTML that enables site builders to deliver any specific content, regardless of its meaning to the client (the user), Browsers understand HTML but not the "meaning" of its content. It is the user that understands the (domain specific) content. If i go to say QuantumPhysics.org, my browser can render the home page (it is just html after all) and i can read the home page. If i understand quantum then fine i can continue browsing. If i don't i just get out (unless i want to learn the hardway :) ) In the RetsLibrary.com example the client app is just like me+my browser on QuantumPhysics.org. the media type "application/vnd.libraryml+xml" is quantum physics (knowledge). http is http in both examples. Now HTML of QuantumPhysics.org is in RestLibrary.com is XML + that tiny little abstract vocabulary (root resource and link, that you could replace with something like Atom). So does this approach have any value ? don't we need a root tiny hyper-vocabulary so we can succeed with hypermedia and the "initial URI" concept ? edit Yeah why not RDF as the root vocabulary !

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  • ASP.NET MVC 2 "value" in DataAnnotation attribute passed is null, when incorrect date is submitted.

    - by goldenelf2
    Hello to all! This is my first question here on stack overflow. i need help on a problem i encountered during an ASP.NET MVC2 project i am currently working on. I should note that I'm relatively new to MVC design, so pls bear my ignorance. Here goes : I have a regular form on which various details about a person are shown. One of them is "Date of Birth". My view is like this <div class="form-items"> <%: Html.Label("DateOfBirth", "Date of Birth:") %> <%: Html.EditorFor(m => m.DateOfBirth) %> <%: Html.ValidationMessageFor(m => m.DateOfBirth) %> </div> I'm using an editor template i found, to show only the date correctly : <%@ Control Language="C#" Inherits="System.Web.Mvc.ViewUserControl<System.DateTime?>"%> <%= Html.TextBox("", (Model.HasValue ? Model.Value.ToShortDateString() : string.Empty))%> I used LinqToSql designer to create my model from an sql database. In order to do some validation i made a partial class Person to extend the one created by the designer (under the same namespace) : [MetadataType(typeof(IPerson))] public partial class Person : IPerson { //To create buddy class } public interface IPerson { [Required(ErrorMessage="Please enter a name")] string Name { get; set; } [Required(ErrorMessage="Please enter a surname")] string Surname { get; set; } [Birthday] DateTime? DateOfBirth { get; set; } [Email(ErrorMessage="Please enter a valid email")] string Email { get; set; } } I want to make sure that a correct date is entered. So i created a custom DataAnnotation attribute in order to validate the date : public class BirthdayAttribute : ValidationAttribute { private const string _errorMessage = "Please enter a valid date"; public BirthdayAttribute() : base(_errorMessage) { } public override bool IsValid(object value) { if (value == null) { return true; } DateTime temp; bool result = DateTime.TryParse(value.ToString(), out temp); return result; } } Well, my problem is this. Once i enter an incorrect date in the DateOfBirth field then no custom message is displayed even if use the attribute like [Birthday(ErrorMessage=".....")]. The message displayed is the one returned from the db ie "The value '32/4/1967' is not valid for DateOfBirth.". I tried to enter some break points around the code, and found out that the "value" in attribute is always null when the date is incorrect, but always gets a value if the date is in correct format. The same ( value == null) is passed also in the code generated by the designer. This thing is driving me nuts. Please can anyone help me deal with this? Also if someone can tell me where exactly is the point of entry from the view to the database. Is it related to the model binder? because i wanted to check exactly what value is passed once i press the "submit" button. Thank you.

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  • How to pre-load all deployed assemblies for an AppDomain

    - by Andras Zoltan
    Given an App Domain, there are many different locations that Fusion (the .Net assembly loader) will probe for a given assembly. Obviously, we take this functionality for granted and, since the probing appears to be embedded within the .Net runtime (Assembly._nLoad internal method seems to be the entry-point when Reflect-Loading - and I assume that implicit loading is probably covered by the same underlying algorithm), as developers we don't seem to be able to gain access to those search paths. My problem is that I have a component that does a lot of dynamic type resolution, and which needs to be able to ensure that all user-deployed assemblies for a given AppDomain are pre-loaded before it starts its work. Yes, it slows down startup - but the benefits we get from this component totally outweight this. The basic loading algorithm I've already written is as follows. It deep-scans a set of folders for any .dll (.exes are being excluded at the moment), and uses Assembly.LoadFrom to load the dll if it's AssemblyName cannot be found in the set of assemblies already loaded into the AppDomain (this is implemented inefficiently, but it can be optimized later): void PreLoad(IEnumerable<string> paths) { foreach(path p in paths) { PreLoad(p); } } void PreLoad(string p) { //all try/catch blocks are elided for brevity string[] files = null; files = Directory.GetFiles(p, "*.dll", SearchOption.AllDirectories); AssemblyName a = null; foreach (var s in files) { a = AssemblyName.GetAssemblyName(s); if (!AppDomain.CurrentDomain.GetAssemblies().Any( assembly => AssemblyName.ReferenceMatchesDefinition( assembly.GetName(), a))) Assembly.LoadFrom(s); } } LoadFrom is used because I've found that using Load() can lead to duplicate assemblies being loaded by Fusion if, when it probes for it, it doesn't find one loaded from where it expects to find it. So, with this in place, all I now have to do is to get a list in precedence order (highest to lowest) of the search paths that Fusion is going to be using when it searches for an assembly. Then I can simply iterate through them. The GAC is irrelevant for this, and I'm not interested in any environment-driven fixed paths that Fusion might use - only those paths that can be gleaned from the AppDomain which contain assemblies expressly deployed for the app. My first iteration of this simply used AppDomain.BaseDirectory. This works for services, form apps and console apps. It doesn't work for an Asp.Net website, however, since there are at least two main locations - the AppDomain.DynamicDirectory (where Asp.Net places it's dynamically generated page classes and any assemblies that the Aspx page code references), and then the site's Bin folder - which can be discovered from the AppDomain.SetupInformation.PrivateBinPath property. So I now have working code for the most basic types of apps now (Sql Server-hosted AppDomains are another story since the filesystem is virtualised) - but I came across an interesting issue a couple of days ago where this code simply doesn't work: the nUnit test runner. This uses both Shadow Copying (so my algorithm would need to be discovering and loading them from the shadow-copy drop folder, not from the bin folder) and it sets up the PrivateBinPath as being relative to the base directory. And of course there are loads of other hosting scenarios that I probably haven't considered; but which must be valid because otherwise Fusion would choke on loading the assemblies. I want to stop feeling around and introducing hack upon hack to accommodate these new scenarios as they crop up - what I want is, given an AppDomain and its setup information, the ability to produce this list of Folders that I should scan in order to pick up all the DLLs that are going to be loaded; regardless of how the AppDomain is setup. If Fusion can see them as all the same, then so should my code. Of course, I might have to alter the algorithm if .Net changes its internals - that's just a cross I'll have to bear. Equally, I'm happy to consider SQL Server and any other similar environments as edge-cases that remain unsupported for now. Any ideas!?

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  • NSMutableString leaks on append or replaceOccurrencesOfString

    - by John
    Hello Folks, I know similar questions have been asked time and time again but I ask that you please bear with me as I cannot seem to find an answer that helps. My application has leaks that are driving me out of my mind. Actually, they are not reported as leaks using Leaks, but my net bytes in ObjectAlloc goes up and up and up and never stops, eventually leading to a crash if it goes on long enough (not very long). The problem occurs with NSMutableStrings. I think there is either something fundamental I don't understand about them, or I am facing another problem that I am having difficulty tracking down but keeps hiding behind the NSMutableStrings. Specifically, I am noticing that whenever I append to or perform a replace on a NSMutableString, ObjectAlloc reports what appear to be mismatches in malloc/frees behind the scene when resizing the NSMutableString. I'm sorry to say this is the second time I'm facing this problem - the first time I messed around for hours and hours and finally the problem went away (magic!) but I don't really know why. When I look at the code below (and believe me, I've stared at it for hours) I cannot see the problem. I look at the code and think to myself that I should be fine because I'm releasing the only object for which I am responsible (aString) and that NSMutableString should be taking care of cleaning up after any resizing it does. In the second example, just so you know in case it helps, the string being passed in comes from an ASIHTTPRequest object (it's the responseString) and I don't do anything at all with it. It's being called simply like so ([self DoStuff2:[request responseString]]) and I don't free the request myself either (I'm using a ASINetworkQueue and I assume that the requests are destroyed for me (I tried and caused errors because the request was already being release somewhere else). Also, I know it shouldn't do anything, but I even tried wrapping the code in autorelease pools, which of course did nothing. I should mention that this code is being run inside of an NSOperation. I thought that perhaps I am experiencing problems because NSOperations should create an autorelease pool for themselves, but I've tried that to no avail. Not related to NSMutableString, but I find I also have similar problems using the NSString componentsSeparatedByString method. Sometimes the memory used by the array that gets the separated components is never released. Hmmm...strings in general seem to be somewhat problematic for me it seems. I would appreciate ANY help anyone can provide. If you require more info, I'll be glad to add it. I do promise you that I've struggled with this (and other problems) for weeks and every problem I encounter I research hard and long until I find a solution - this is not an idle request, but a true cry for help! I've written so much code and now I'm trying to seal some small leaks etc and I notice this problem. Honestly, I cannot believe how memory management in Objective C can stump me so at times...I've read Apple's memory mgmt docs many times and I thought I thoroughly understood it and I try to be diligent about releasing objects I own, but sometimes I find myself wondering if I truly understand...I would like to put this to bed once and make sure I understand all this fully - to have this sort of question/problem after writing thousands of lines of code is more than a little scary/embarrassing/annoying. So again, if anybody has any insight, I'd be grateful. Thanks for your time and efforts. -(void)DoStuff { NSString *aString [ [[NSString alloc] initWithFormat:@"text %@ more text", self.strVariable]; [self.someMutableStringVar replaceOccurrencesOfString:@"replace" withString:aString options:NSCaseInsensitiveSearch range:NSMakeRange(0, [self.someMutableStringVar length])]; [aString release]; } -(void)DoStuff2:(NSString *)aString { [self.someMutableStringVar appendString:aString]; }

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  • python: what are efficient techniques to deal with deeply nested data in a flexible manner?

    - by AlexandreS
    My question is not about a specific code snippet but more general, so please bear with me: How should I organize the data I'm analyzing, and which tools should I use to manage it? I'm using python and numpy to analyse data. Because the python documentation indicates that dictionaries are very optimized in python, and also due to the fact that the data itself is very structured, I stored it in a deeply nested dictionary. Here is a skeleton of the dictionary: the position in the hierarchy defines the nature of the element, and each new line defines the contents of a key in the precedent level: [AS091209M02] [AS091209M01] [AS090901M06] ... [100113] [100211] [100128] [100121] [R16] [R17] [R03] [R15] [R05] [R04] [R07] ... [1263399103] ... [ImageSize] [FilePath] [Trials] [Depth] [Frames] [Responses] ... [N01] [N04] ... [Sequential] [Randomized] [Ch1] [Ch2] Edit: To explain a bit better my data set: [individual] ex: [AS091209M02] [imaging session (date string)] ex: [100113] [Region imaged] ex: [R16] [timestamp of file] ex [1263399103] [properties of file] ex: [Responses] [regions of interest in image ] ex [N01] [format of data] ex [Sequential] [channel of acquisition: this key indexes an array of values] ex [Ch1] The type of operations I perform is for instance to compute properties of the arrays (listed under Ch1, Ch2), pick up arrays to make a new collection, for instance analyze responses of N01 from region 16 (R16) of a given individual at different time points, etc. This structure works well for me and is very fast, as promised. I can analyze the full data set pretty quickly (and the dictionary is far too small to fill up my computer's ram : half a gig). My problem comes from the cumbersome manner in which I need to program the operations of the dictionary. I often have stretches of code that go like this: for mk in dic.keys(): for rgk in dic[mk].keys(): for nk in dic[mk][rgk].keys(): for ik in dic[mk][rgk][nk].keys(): for ek in dic[mk][rgk][nk][ik].keys(): #do something which is ugly, cumbersome, non reusable, and brittle (need to recode it for any variant of the dictionary). I tried using recursive functions, but apart from the simplest applications, I ran into some very nasty bugs and bizarre behaviors that caused a big waste of time (it does not help that I don't manage to debug with pdb in ipython when I'm dealing with deeply nested recursive functions). In the end the only recursive function I use regularly is the following: def dicExplorer(dic, depth = -1, stp = 0): '''prints the hierarchy of a dictionary. if depth not specified, will explore all the dictionary ''' if depth - stp == 0: return try : list_keys = dic.keys() except AttributeError: return stp += 1 for key in list_keys: else: print '+%s> [\'%s\']' %(stp * '---', key) dicExplorer(dic[key], depth, stp) I know I'm doing this wrong, because my code is long, noodly and non-reusable. I need to either use better techniques to flexibly manipulate the dictionaries, or to put the data in some database format (sqlite?). My problem is that since I'm (badly) self-taught in regards to programming, I lack practical experience and background knowledge to appreciate the options available. I'm ready to learn new tools (SQL, object oriented programming), whatever it takes to get the job done, but I am reluctant to invest my time and efforts into something that will be a dead end for my needs. So what are your suggestions to tackle this issue, and be able to code my tools in a more brief, flexible and re-usable manner?

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  • ASP.NET MVC 2 "value" in IsValid override in DataAnnotation attribute passed is null, when incorrect

    - by goldenelf2
    Hello to all! This is my first question here on stack overflow. i need help on a problem i encountered during an ASP.NET MVC2 project i am currently working on. I should note that I'm relatively new to MVC design, so pls bear my ignorance. Here goes : I have a regular form on which various details about a person are shown. One of them is "Date of Birth". My view is like this <div class="form-items"> <%: Html.Label("DateOfBirth", "Date of Birth:") %> <%: Html.EditorFor(m => m.DateOfBirth) %> <%: Html.ValidationMessageFor(m => m.DateOfBirth) %> </div> I'm using an editor template i found, to show only the date correctly : <%@ Control Language="C#" Inherits="System.Web.Mvc.ViewUserControl<System.DateTime?>"%> <%= Html.TextBox("", (Model.HasValue ? Model.Value.ToShortDateString() : string.Empty))%> I used LinqToSql designer to create my model from an sql database. In order to do some validation i made a partial class Person to extend the one created by the designer (under the same namespace) : [MetadataType(typeof(IPerson))] public partial class Person : IPerson { //To create buddy class } public interface IPerson { [Required(ErrorMessage="Please enter a name")] string Name { get; set; } [Required(ErrorMessage="Please enter a surname")] string Surname { get; set; } [Birthday] DateTime? DateOfBirth { get; set; } [Email(ErrorMessage="Please enter a valid email")] string Email { get; set; } } I want to make sure that a correct date is entered. So i created a custom DataAnnotation attribute in order to validate the date : public class BirthdayAttribute : ValidationAttribute { private const string _errorMessage = "Please enter a valid date"; public BirthdayAttribute() : base(_errorMessage) { } public override bool IsValid(object value) { if (value == null) { return true; } DateTime temp; bool result = DateTime.TryParse(value.ToString(), out temp); return result; } } Well, my problem is this. Once i enter an incorrect date in the DateOfBirth field then no custom message is displayed even if use the attribute like [Birthday(ErrorMessage=".....")]. The message displayed is the one returned from the db ie "The value '32/4/1967' is not valid for DateOfBirth.". I tried to enter some break points around the code, and found out that the "value" in attribute is always null when the date is incorrect, but always gets a value if the date is in correct format. The same ( value == null) is passed also in the code generated by the designer. This thing is driving me nuts. Please can anyone help me deal with this? Also if someone can tell me where exactly is the point of entry from the view to the database. Is it related to the model binder? because i wanted to check exactly what value is passed once i press the "submit" button. Thank you.

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  • Internet Explorer percent based layout issue

    - by Tom
    Heya, My goal is to make a layout that is 200% width and height, with four containers of equal height and width (100% each), using no javascript as the bear minimum (or preferably no hacks). Right now I am using HTML5, and CSS display:table. It works fine in Safari 4, Firefox 3.5, and Chrome 5. I haven't tested it yet on older versions. Nonetheless, in IE7 and IE8 this layout fails completely. (I do use the Javascript HTML5 enabling script /cc../, so it should not be the use of new HTML5 tags) Here is what I have: <!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /> <meta charset="UTF-8" /> <title>IE issue with layout</title> <style type="text/css" media="all"> /* styles */ @import url("reset.css"); /* Generall CSS */ .table { display:table; } .row { display:table-row; } .cell { display:table-cell; } /* Specific CSS */ html, body { //overflow:hidden; I later intend to limit the viewport } section#body { position:absolute; width:200%; height:200%; overflow:hidden; } section#body .row { width:200%; height:50%; overflow:hidden; } section#body .row .cell { width:50%; overflow:hidden; } section#body .row .cell section { display:block; width:100%; height:100%; overflow:hidden; } section#body #stage0 section header { text-align:center; height:20%; display:block; } section#body #stage0 section footer { display:block; height:80%; } </style> </head> <body> <section id="body" class="table"> <section class="row"> <section id="stage0" class="cell"> <section> <header> <form> <input type="text" name="q" /> <input type="submit" value="Search" /> </form> </header> <footer> <table id="scrollers"> </table> </footer> </section> </section> <section id="stage1" class="cell"> <section> content </section> </section> </section> <section class="row"> <section id="stage2" class="cell"> <section> content </section> </section> <section id="stage3" class="cell"> <section> content </section> </section> </section> </section> </body> </html> You can see it live here: http://www.tombarrasso.com/ie-issue/

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  • Marshal a C# struct to C++ VARIANT

    - by jortan
    To start with, I'm not very familiar with the COM-technology, this is the first time I'm working with it so bear with me. I'm trying to call a COM-object function from C#. This is the interface in the idl-file: [id(6), helpstring("vConnectInfo=ConnectInfoType")] HRESULT ConnectTarget([in,out] VARIANT* vConnectInfo); This is the interop interface I got after running tlbimp: void ConnectTarget(ref object vConnectInfo); The c++ code in COM object for the target function: STDMETHODIMP PCommunication::ConnectTarget(VARIANT* vConnectInfo) { if (!((vConnectInfo->vt & VT_ARRAY) && (vConnectInfo->vt & VT_BYREF))) { return E_INVALIDARG; } ConnectInfoType *pConnectInfo = (ConnectInfoType *)((*vConnectInfo->pparray)->pvData); ... } This COM-object is running in another process, it is not in a dll. I can add that the COM object is also used from another program written in C++. In that case there is no problem because in C++ a VARIANT is created and pparray-pvData is set to the connInfo data-structure and then the COM-object is called with the VARIANT as parameter. In C#, as I understand, my struct should be marshalled as a VARIANT automatically. These are two methods I've been using (or actually I've tried a lot more...) to call this method from C#: private void method1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { pcom.PCom PCom = new pcom.PCom(); pcom.IGeneralManagementServices mgmt = (pcom.IGeneralManagementServices)PCom; m_ci = new ConnectInfoType(); fillConnInfo(ref m_ci); mgmt.ConnectTarget(m_ci); } In the above case the struct gets marshalled as VT_UNKNOWN. This is a simple case and works if the parameter is not a struct (eg. works for int). private void method4_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { ConnectInfoType ci = new ConnectInfoType(); fillConnInfo(ref ci); pcom PCom = new pcom.PCom(); pcom.IGeneralManagementServices mgmt = (pcom.IGeneralManagementServices)PCom; ParameterModifier[] pms = new ParameterModifier[1]; ParameterModifier pm = new ParameterModifier(1); pm[0] = true; pms[0] = pm; object[] param = new object[1]; param[0] = ci; object[] args = new object[1]; args[0] = param; mgmt.GetType().InvokeMember("ConnectTarget", BindingFlags.InvokeMethod, null, mgmt, args, pms, null, null); } In this case it gets marshalled as VT_ARRAY | VT_BYREF | VT_VARIANT. The problem is that when debugging the "target-function" ConnectTarget I cannot find the data I send in the SAFEARRAY-struct (or in any other place in memory either) What do I do with a VT_VARIANT? Any ideas on how to get my struct-data? Update: The ConnectInfoType struct: [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential, CharSet = CharSet.Ansi)] public class ConnectInfoType { public short network; public short nodeNumber; [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValTStr, SizeConst = 51)] public string connTargPassWord; [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValTStr, SizeConst = 8)] public string sConnectId; [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValTStr, SizeConst = 16)] public string sConnectPassword; public EnuConnectType eConnectType; public int hConnectHandle; [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValTStr, SizeConst = 8)] public string sAccessPassword; }; And the corresponding struct in c++: typedef struct ConnectInfoType { short network; short nodeNumber; char connTargPassWord[51]; char sConnectId[8]; char sConnectPassword[16]; EnuConnectType eConnectType; int hConnectHandle; char sAccessPassword[8]; } ConnectInfoType;

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  • CakeDC Users Plugin - I Can't Send Emails

    - by JimBadger
    I apologise for the rambling nature of this question, please bear with me and I'll provide all the extra info needed for you to stop me going mad from failing at something that looks inherently very straightforward... I've just installed CakePHP 2.2, and the first thing I've done is add the cakeDC Users plugin. It's all working, apart from sending an email verification when a user registers. I've tried so many combinations of different things in email.php, that I have now utterly got my knickers in a twist. Whatever I do, when the verification email should be sent, all I get is: No connection could be made because the target machine actively refused it. My email.php currently looks like this: class EmailConfig { public $default = array( 'transport' => 'Smtp', 'from' => '[email protected]', //'charset' => 'utf-8', //'headerCharset' => 'utf-8', ); public $smtp = array( 'transport' => 'Smtp', 'from' => array('Blah <[email protected]>' => 'Chimp'), 'host' => 'ssl://smtp.gmail.com', 'port' => 465, 'timeout' => 30, 'username' => '[email protected]', 'password' => 'secret', 'client' => null, 'log' => false, //'charset' => 'utf-8', //'headerCharset' => 'utf-8', ); public $fast = array( 'from' => '[email protected]', 'sender' => null, 'to' => null, 'cc' => null, 'bcc' => null, 'replyTo' => null, 'readReceipt' => null, 'returnPath' => null, 'messageId' => true, 'subject' => null, 'message' => null, 'headers' => null, 'viewRender' => null, 'template' => false, 'layout' => false, 'viewVars' => null, 'attachments' => null, 'emailFormat' => null, 'transport' => 'Smtp', 'host' => 'blah.net', 'port' => 25, 'timeout' => 30, 'username' => 'user', 'password' => 'secret', 'client' => null, 'log' => true, //'charset' => 'utf-8', //'headerCharset' => 'utf-8', ); } How do I get cakeDC Users plugin to just send a non-SMTP email? Or do I have to use, for example, my Gmail details? But, if I do have to go down the SMTP route, what is wrong with the above? Other info: I'm using the latest version of XAMPP and my PHP install is ssl enabled.

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  • Android SQLlite crashes after trying retrieving data from it

    - by Pavel
    Hey everyone. I'm kinda new to android programming so please bear with me. I'm having some problems with retrieving records from the db. Basically, all I want to do is to store latitudes and longitudes which GPS positioning functions outputs and display them in a list using ListActivity on different tab later on. This is how the code for my DBAdapter helper class looks like: public class DBAdapter { public static final String KEY_ROWID = "_id"; public static final String KEY_LATITUDE = "latitude"; public static final String KEY_LONGITUDE = "longitude"; private static final String TAG = "DBAdapter"; private static final String DATABASE_NAME = "coords"; private static final String DATABASE_TABLE = "coordsStorage"; private static final int DATABASE_VERSION = 1; private static final String DATABASE_CREATE = "create table coordsStorage (_id integer primary key autoincrement, " + "latitude integer not null, longitude integer not null);"; private final Context context; private DatabaseHelper DBHelper; private SQLiteDatabase db; public DBAdapter(Context ctx) { this.context = ctx; DBHelper = new DatabaseHelper(context); } private static class DatabaseHelper extends SQLiteOpenHelper { DatabaseHelper(Context context) { super(context, DATABASE_NAME, null, DATABASE_VERSION); } @Override public void onCreate(SQLiteDatabase db) { db.execSQL(DATABASE_CREATE); } @Override public void onUpgrade(SQLiteDatabase db, int oldVersion, int newVersion) { Log.w(TAG, "Upgrading database from version " + oldVersion + " to " + newVersion + ", which will destroy all old data"); db.execSQL("DROP TABLE IF EXISTS titles"); onCreate(db); } } //---opens the database--- public DBAdapter open() throws SQLException { db = DBHelper.getWritableDatabase(); return this; } //---closes the database--- public void close() { DBHelper.close(); } //---insert a title into the database--- public long insertCoords(int latitude, int longitude) { ContentValues initialValues = new ContentValues(); initialValues.put(KEY_LATITUDE, latitude); initialValues.put(KEY_LONGITUDE, longitude); return db.insert(DATABASE_TABLE, null, initialValues); } //---deletes a particular title--- public boolean deleteTitle(long rowId) { return db.delete(DATABASE_TABLE, KEY_ROWID + "=" + rowId, null) 0; } //---retrieves all the titles--- public Cursor getAllTitles() { return db.query(DATABASE_TABLE, new String[] { KEY_ROWID, KEY_LATITUDE, KEY_LONGITUDE}, null, null, null, null, null); } //---retrieves a particular title--- public Cursor getTitle(long rowId) throws SQLException { Cursor mCursor = db.query(true, DATABASE_TABLE, new String[] { KEY_ROWID, KEY_LATITUDE, KEY_LONGITUDE}, KEY_ROWID + "=" + rowId, null, null, null, null, null); if (mCursor != null) { mCursor.moveToFirst(); } return mCursor; } //---updates a title--- /*public boolean updateTitle(long rowId, int latitude, int longitude) { ContentValues args = new ContentValues(); args.put(KEY_LATITUDE, latitude); args.put(KEY_LONGITUDE, longitude); return db.update(DATABASE_TABLE, args, KEY_ROWID + "=" + rowId, null) 0; }*/ } Now my question is - am I doing something wrong here? If yes could someone please tell me what? And how I should retrieve the records in organised list manner? Help would be greatly appreciated!!

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  • Recursing data into a 2 dimensional array in PHP 5

    - by user315699
    I'm getting bamboozled by "for each" loops and two dimensional arrays, and I'm a php newb so please bear with me (and ignore any variables with the word "image" - it's all about the mp3s, I just didn't change it from the xml tutorial) I found a php function on the net that list files in a directory, the output of which is: Array ( [0] = audio/1.mp3 [1] = audio/2.mp3 [2] = audio/3.mp3 [3] = audio/4.mp3 [4] = audio/5.mp3 ) As expected. And another that lists some info about mp3 files. $mp3datafile = 'audio/1.mp3'; $m = new mp3file($mp3datafile); $mp3dataArray = $m-get_metadata(); print_r($mp3dataArray); unset($mp3dataArray); The output of which is Array ( [Filesize] = 31972 [Encoding] = CBR [etc] ) In order to automatically build RSS for a podcast, I need to generate XML for each item. So far so good. This is how I'm making the xml foreach ($imagearray as $key = $val) { $tnsoundfile = $xml_generator-addChild('item'); $tnsoundfile-addChild('title', $podcasttitle); $enclosure = $tnsoundfile-addChild('enclosure'); $enclosure-addAttribute('url', $val); // that's the filename $enclosure-addAttribute('length', $mp3dataArray[Filesize]); // << Length is file length, not time. But later I also need $mp3dataArray[Length mm:ss] for duration tag. $enclosure-addAttribute('type', 'audio/mpeg'); $tnsoundfile-addChild('guid', $path_to_image_dir.'/'.$val); } (The above has been truncated, I realise it's not proper xml right now, but it was just to show what was going on). Perfect. But I need to do it for as many files as there are in the directory. So, I have an array of the names of the files in the directory in $mp3data And, I have an array of mp3 data in $mp3dataArray from one iteration of the get_metadata() function. If I do the following, then I get a nice list of the mp3 data of the 5 files in the directory: foreach ($mp3data as $key = $val) { $mp3datafile = $val; $m = new mp3file($mp3datafile); $mp3dataArray = $m-get_metadata(); print_r($mp3dataArray); unset($mp3dataArray); } As expected. Where I'm struggling, and have been for most of the day in spite of reading many forums and tutorials, is how to populate the "second dimension" of the array, so that it goes through 1,2,3,4 and 5.mp3 (or however many there are), extracts the metadata, then allows me to use it in the xml section above. Here's what I have foreach ($mp3data as $key = $val) { $mp3datafile = $val; $m = new mp3file($mp3datafile); $mp3dataArray = $m-get_metadata(); $mp3testarray = array($mp3dataArray); } print_r($mp3dataArray); Shouldn't that line print_r($mp3dataArray); give me a nice list of 5 lots of mp3 data, in the way it did when I recursed through the loop as before? Cos this is driving me nuts! It must be something so simple, and any help would be greatly appreciated. Thank you in advance.

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  • How to remove the xmlns:XSI and xmlns:XSD namespaces from the xml output of a webservice in .net fra

    - by Chetan
    HI, This is an old question, i have seen some solutions on this forum itself, but am trying to use webservices for the first time so please bear with me on this one. I have a webservice that returns XML in the following format <subs xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" msisdn="965xxxxxx"> <shortcode label="XXXX"> <channels> <channel> <id>442</id> <name>News</name> <billingperiod>7</billingperiod> <billingamount>3</billingamount> <lastbilling>4/14/2010 1:41:11 PM</lastbilling> </channel> <channel> <id>443</id> <name>News2</name> <billingperiod>7</billingperiod> <billingamount>3</billingamount> <lastbilling>4/14/2010 1:41:19 PM</lastbilling> </channel> </channels> </shortcode> </subs> I want the same XMl output without the xmlns:xsd and xmlns:xsi tags. I have tried the following solution that was suggested: Public Function GetSubscription(....) As String Dim namespaces As New XmlSerializerNamespaces namespaces.Add(String.Empty, String.Empty) Dim serializer As New XmlSerializer(SubsDetail.GetType) Dim sw As New System.IO.StringWriter Dim writer As New System.Xml.XmlTextWriter(sw) writer.Formatting = Formatting.None serializer.Serialize(writer, SubsDetail, namespaces) writer.Close() Return sw.toString() The result was that I got an xml in the following format: <string> <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-16"?><subs msisdn="965xxxx"> <shortcode label="XXXX"> <channels> <channel> <id>442</id> <name>News</name> <billingperiod>7</billingperiod> <billingamount>3</billingamount> <lastbilling>4/14/2010 1:41:11 PM</lastbilling> </channel> <channel> <id>443</id> <name>News2</name> <billingperiod>7</billingperiod> <billingamount>3</billingamount> <lastbilling>4/14/2010 1:41:19 PM</lastbilling> </channel> </channels> </shortcode> </subs> </string> Though the format of the xml is correct it is coming as string within the <string> tags. This is really driving me nuts. Can I get the output as xml without the outer string tags?

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  • Possible iphone animation timing/rendering bug?

    - by David
    Hi all, I have been working on an iphone apps for several weeks. Now I encounter an animation problem that I can't figure out how to resolve. Mayhbe you can help. Here is the details (a little long, bear with me): Basically the effect I want to achieve is, when user click a button, a loading view pops up, hiding the whole screen; and then the apps does a lot of heavy computation, which takes a few seconds. Once the computation is done, soem result views (something likes checkers on a checker board) are rendered under the loading view. Once all result views are rendered, I used animation animation to remove the loading view nand show the result views to the user. Here is what I do: when user click a button, run this code: [UIView beginAnimations:nil context:nil]; [UIView setAnimationDuration:1.0]; [UIView setAnimationBeginsFromCurrentState:YES]; [UIView setAnimationTransition:UIViewAnimationTransitionCurlDown forView:self.view cache:YES]; [UIView setAnimationDelegate:self]; [UIView setAnimationDidStopSelector:@selector(loadingViewInserted:finished:context:)]; // use a really high index number so it will always on top [self.view insertSubview:loadingViewController.view atIndex:1000]; [UIView commitAnimations]; In the "loadingViewInserted" function, it calls another function doing the heavy computation work. Once the computation is done, a lot of result views (like checkers on a checker board) are rendered under the loading view. for(int colIndex = 1; colIndex <= result.columns; colIndex++) { for(int rowIndex = 1; rowIndex <= result.rows; rowIndex++) { ResultView *rv = [ResultView resultViewWithData:results[colIndex][rowIndex]]; [self.view addSubview:rv]; } } Once all result views are added, following animation is invoked to remove the loading view: [UIView beginAnimations:nil context:nil]; [UIView setAnimationDuration:1.0]; [UIView setAnimationBeginsFromCurrentState:YES]; [UIView setAnimationTransition:UIViewAnimationTransitionCurlUp forView:self.view cache:YES]; [loadingViewController.view removeFromSuperview]; [UIView commitAnimations]; By doing this, most of the time (maybe 90%) it does exactly what I want. However, sometime I see some weird result: the loading view shows up first as expected, then before it disappears, some result views, which suppose to be under the loading view, suddenly appears on top of the loading view; and some of them are partial rendered. And then the loading view curled up, and everything looks normal again. The weird situation only lasts for less than a second, but already bad enough to screw up the UI. I have tried all different kinds of thing to fix this (using another thread to remove the loading view, make the loading view non-transparent), but none of them works. The only thing that makes a little better is, I hide all the result views first; after the last animation finished, in its call back, unhide all result views. But this loses the nice effect that when curling up the loading view, the results are already there. At this point, I really think this is a bug in iphone (I compile it with OS 3.0) OS. Or maybe you can point out what I have done wrong (or could do differently). (thanks for finishing this long post, :-) )

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  • How can I hit my database with an AJAX call using javascript?

    - by tmedge
    I am pretty new at this stuff, so bear with me. I am using ASP.NET MVC. I have created an overlay to cover the page when someone clicks a button corresponding to a certain database entry. Because of this, ALL of my code for this functionality is in a .js file contained within my project. What I need to do is pull the info corresponding to my entry from the database itself using an AJAX call, and place that into my textboxes. Then, after the end-user has made the desired changes, I need to update that entry's values to match the input. I've been surfing the web for a while, and have failed to find an example that fits my needs effectively. Here is my code in my javascript file thus far: function editOverlay(picId) { //pull up an overlay $('body').append('<div class="overlay" />'); var $overlayClass = $('.overlay'); $overlayClass.append('<div class="dataModal" />'); var $data = $('.dataModal'); overlaySetup($overlayClass, $data); //set up form $data.append('<h1>Edit Picture</h1><br /><br />'); $data.append('Picture name: &nbsp;'); $data.append('<input class="picName" /> <br /><br /><br />'); $data.append('Relative url: &nbsp;'); $data.append('<input class="picRelURL" /> <br /><br /><br />'); $data.append('Description: &nbsp;'); $data.append('<textarea class="picDescription" /> <br /><br /><br />'); var $nameBox = $('.picName'); var $urlBox = $('.picRelURL'); var $descBox = $('.picDescription'); var pic = null; //this is where I need to pull the actual object from the db //var imgList = for (var temp in imgList) { if (temp.Id == picId) { pic= temp; } } /* $nameBox.attr('value', pic.Name); $urlBox.attr('value', pic.RelativeURL); $descBox.attr('value', pic.Description); */ //close buttons $data.append('<input type="button" value="Save Changes" class="saveButton" />'); $data.append('<input type="button" value="Cancel" class="cancelButton" />'); $('.saveButton').click(function() { /* pic.Name = $nameBox.attr('value'); pic.RelativeURL = $urlBox.attr('value'); pic.Description = $descBox.attr('value'); */ //make a call to my Save() method in my repository CloseOverlay(); }); $('.cancelButton').click(function() { CloseOverlay(); }); } The stuff I have commented out is what I need to accomplish and/or is not available until prior issues are resolved. Any and all advice is appreciated! Remember, I am VERY new to this stuff (two weeks, to be exact) and will probably need highly explicit instructions. BTW: overlaySetup() and CloseOverlay() are functions I have living someplace else. Thanks!

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  • How to call virtual function of an object in C++

    - by SoonDead
    I'm struggling with calling a virtual function in C++. I'm not experienced in C++, I mainly use C# and Java so I might have some delusions, but bear with me. I have to write a program where I have to avoid dynamic memory allocation if possible. I have made a class called List: template <class T> class List { public: T items[maxListLength]; int length; List() { length = 0; } T get(int i) const { if (i >= 0 && i < length) { return items[i]; } else { throw "Out of range!"; } }; // set the value of an already existing element void set(int i, T p) { if (i >= 0 && i < length) { items[i] = p; } else { throw "Out of range!"; } } // returns the index of the element int add(T p) { if (length >= maxListLength) { throw "Too many points!"; } items[length] = p; return length++; } // removes and returns the last element; T pop() { if (length > 0) { return items[--length]; } else { throw "There is no element to remove!"; } } }; It just makes an array of the given type, and manages the length of it. There is no need for dynamic memory allocation, I can just write: List<Object> objects; MyObject obj; objects.add(obj); MyObject inherits form Object. Object has a virtual function which is supposed to be overridden in MyObject: struct Object { virtual float method(const Input& input) { return 0.0f; } }; struct MyObject: public Object { virtual float method(const Input& input) { return 1.0f; } }; I get the elements as: objects.get(0).method(asdf); The problem is that even though the first element is a MyObject, the Object's method function is called. I'm guessing there is something wrong with storing the object in an array of Objects without dynamically allocating memory for the MyObject, but I'm not sure. Is there a way to call MyObject's method function? How? It's supposed to be a heterogeneous collection btw, so that's why the inheritance is there in the first place. If there is no way to call the MyObject's method function, then how should I make my list in the first place?

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