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  • TCP Handshake and port numbers

    - by Guido
    (I have a question about the TCP handshake and how port numbers are assigned, if this does not belong here, let me know.) Hi, I'm studying TCP/IP from the book "Internetworking with TCP/IP" by Douglas Comer. In the TCP chapter it mentions that TCP defines an "endpoint" as a pair (IP address, port number), and a connection is defined by two endpoints. This has a few implications, such as, a local TCP port could be in several connections at once, as long as there are no two from the same IP and the same remote port. This also means that the amount of established connections is almost limitless (2^16 for every IPv4 address. 2^48 in total). Now, in class, I was told that when one connects to a listening port, both sides agree on a different port to use, so the communication can happen and the listener socket remains free. This was also my belief before reading the book. Now I feel like I should obviously trust the book (It's Comer!), but is there any truth to the other explanation? Thanks

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  • Anyone know a good mind mapper that works with a scheduler?

    - by GLycan
    TL;DR: Mind mapping tasks to be processed into a schedule based on task metadata. I have all sorts of ideas about what to invest resources (mainly time) in, but when I actually have time to do something I useually end up browsing reddit for not knowing what do to, and the frequancy with which I forget deadlines scares me. I'd love to bring order and structure into my mind, and always know what to do next. So, I want a mind mapping app, where I'd give each branch (types and subtypes of things I want to do) a importance score (if there were two branches, and one had 60 while the other 40, they would respectivily get 60% and 40% of the parent's importance, with the root being 100) and a how soon that branch should be revised/updated (an hobby I want to try out might be checked, say, once a week, while a school subject should be checked once a day) and give each leaf (something I want/need to do) how much time it takes, deadline (if any), and optionally an absolute importance, reoccurrence (guitar practice might repeat once a week), and prerequisites (reading something requires that book (although that could be brought somewhere), coding requires a box, jogging requires being outside) and maybe some other flags, like if it's enjoyable or not. It should either be packaged or working with a schedular app, to which I'd say, look, my day works this way (completely busy from 8 to 9:15, then 15 minutes of being inside with nothing, ..., two hours with box and possibility to go outside, etc), saying that such-and-such pattern is school and happens ever weekday except such-and-such days. The output should be of the form of a schedule, fit for printing or, when I finally get an android, mobile viewing, that schedules tasks with regards to availability of resources and importance (importance being derived from the leaf-task's parent branches), and the set of flags (all work and no play makes me a dull boy). One of these tasks should be reviewing anything that should be updated on that day, including future day layouts (e.g, if the time slots of future days have changed. This should be done every day.) Does anyone know some collection of preferably open-source (or free, or pirateable) tools, or better yet a single one, that accomplishes this task? I know python pretty well, and should be able to write any necessary glue.

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  • How can I make XAnalogTV fill my screen?

    - by Breakthrough
    I recently installed xscreensaver, as well as the additional/extra screensavers. Many of the OpenGL ones function correctly, going fullscreen as expected. However, for some reason, the XAnalogTV screensaver leaves two "blank" spots on the edges of my screen. If I manually launch XAnalogTV, it displays a window, which it fills correctly. When I maximize the window, the same effect occurs: the window maximizes, but the two edges of the screen are literally "transparent". This effect also occurs when the screensaver is set to fullscreen. For these reasons, I believe the problem may be related to the aspect ratio of the screen. The edges of the screen are literally "ignored", with nothing being drawn there. Specifically, note the transition between the maximized and full-screen screenshots (with the un-drawn whitespace shrinking as the vertical height has been increased). For reference, I am running Xubuntu 12.04 on a Dell Vostro 1520 (Intel P8600, Nvidia 9300M) with a 1440 x 900 display (16:10). I have also set the GetViewPortIsFullOfLies preference to true. Is there any way to force XAnalogTV to fill my entire screen? Relevant screenshots (windowed, maximized, and full-screen, respectively):

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  • Wiring my internet

    - by u8sand
    I have Verizon internet service and am currently using wifi. My router is in the basement and my desktop computer is 2 floors and on the other side of the house above it... Worst possible positioning but that's just how things worked out. My wireless currently is extremely unstable so I've decide to correct the problem by wiring my computer directly. The problem lies here: when redoing the room next to it (when the wall was open) we went ahead and wired some coaxial cable from our attic to our basement (with plenty of slack on both ends, don't ask me why we didn't go ahead and wire a CAT6 cable). The question is: Can I use the coaxial cable to bring me internet connection? Naturally the router (which needs to stay where it is) takes a coaxial cable input and has Ethernet outputs. So maybe I would have to take a ethernet cable, convert to coaxial-coaxial to my computer, convert back to ethernet. Is this even possible to convert from coaxial to ethernet? Or do I have to attempt to go ahead and fish a cat6 cable through my house. I cannot just split the signal because that would require two routers and two networks (which I don't believe would work with one cable-one ISP correct me if I'm wrong). Thanks

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  • BIND master/slave does not respond for queries for its slave

    - by Savas
    Systems are all Centos 6.2 Lets say I have a masterdns with IP 10.2.1.2, authoritative for the 10.2.1.X subnet and let say it is domain example.com I have another two subnets, 10.2.2.X and 10.1.2.X Each one has its own DNS server, dns2 and dns1 respectively and let say these are domains dom2.example.com and dom2.example.com respectively. The masterdns server has slave zones for dns1, dns2 and respond to requests OK. The dns1, dns2 have the masterdns zones as slaves two, and respond to requests OK. So, the masterdns has as slave zones all the subordinate domains of example.com Each of dns1 and dns2 use masterdns as a forwards (which uses another dns cache/proxy server) for dns resolution of internet public domain names. It works OK that too. The problem is, and I cannot figure it out. Why queries for example at dns1 for hostnames of dom2.example.com do not resolve? If i use nslookup - masterdns at dns1 server, resolve (i use directly the dns facility of masterdns). If I use nslookup locally, meaning queries are sent to dns1, for hosts that are at dom2.example.com, they do not resolve. Everything other works OK.

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  • FTP issues with Windows 2003 box and Filezilla

    - by vanhornRF
    We've set up a Windows 2003 server with IIS 6 and the FTP is Filezilla. I'm not a sys admin by any means and neither is my other developer. I'm trying to connect to FTP on a Mac with a Cyberduck FTP client. I'm running OSX 10.6.3. The problem is that I can connect to the FTP address, but when I do it will hang for a minute or two trying to list the directories. This address is pointed to the webroot folder so it's only trying to list the pertinent folders for the site we're working on. Eventually after a minute or two it will go through and list everything and then if you try and open a file or another folder, it will hang again and then eventually list the folders. My question: Is there some stupid default setting we're missing? Is this a common occurrence? Like I said I'm not a sys admin at all and I'm sure I'm missing some valuable questions for anyone that reads this, so please fire away if you can help and you need more info, I'll do my best to provide it. Thanks!

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  • SBD killing both cluster nodes when there are even small SAN network problems

    - by Wieslaw Herr
    I am having problems with stonith SBD in a openais-based cluster. Some background: The active/passive cluster has two nodes, node1 and node2. They are configured to provide an NFS service to users. To avoid problems with split-brain, they are both configured to use SBD. SBD is using two 1MB disks available to the hosts via an multipath fibre-channel network. The problems start if something happens with the SAN network. For example, today one of the brocade switches got rebooted and both nodes lost 2 out of 4 paths to each disks, which resulted in both nodes committing suicide and rebooting. This, of course, was highly undesirable because a) there were paths left b) even if the switch would be out for 10-20 seconds a reboot cycle of both nodes would take 5-10 minutes and all NFS-locks would be lost. I tried increasing the SBD timeout values (to 10sec+ values, dump attached at the end), however a "WARN: Latency: No liveness for 4 s exceeds threshold of 3 s" hints that something isn't working as I would it expect to. Here is what I would like to know: a) Is SBD working as it should killing nodes when 2 paths are available? b) If not, is the multipath.conf file attached correct? The storage controller we use is an IBM SVC (IBM 2145), should there be any specific configuration for it? (as in multipath.conf.defaults) c) How should I go about increasing the timeouts in SBD attachements: Multipath.conf and sbd dump (http://hpaste.org/69537)

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  • How to create Windows Vista/Windows 7 Startup disk or Rescue disk or system restore points on a CD?

    - by goldenmean
    Hello, I have two laptops, one having Windows-Vista home premium and other one having Windows-7 professional. Both versions of OS are OEM installs(pre-installed when I bought the laptop) and I do not have the Windows Installation disks for them. usually the installation disks provide a repair option in case one needs to repair/rescue a improper windows installation. But since I dont have the installation disks, I want to create rescue disks/startup disks for these. My questions are : 1] How to create a system rescue disk/startup disk on a CD from these two versions of Windows? 2] Doesn't the system restore points which Vista/Windows-7 create, cannot be created on a CD disk instead of hard-disk? 3] If I have a manual backup of my windows registry, in which I have exported all the registry to a file and I have that file on a CD, how to restore that registry back to the windows installation which might not be booting up properly due to bad registry problem. EDIT: 4]Is there any way to use these system restore points directly during bootup of the laptop, if windows does cannot boot properly due to problem. First laptop is HP Pavillion dv6646 and second one is Sony VAIO VCPEE series. thank you. -AD

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  • Creating Routes using the second NIC in the box

    - by Aditya Sehgal
    OS: Linux I need some advice on how to set up the routing table. I have a box with two physical NIC cards eth0 & eth1 with two associated IPs IP1 & IP2 (both of the same subnet). I need to setup a route which will force all messages from IP1 towards IP3 (of the same subnet) to go via IP2. I have a raw socket capture program listening on IP2 (This is not for malicious use). I have set up the routing table as Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface IP3 IP2 255.255.255.255 UGH 0 0 0 eth1 If I try to specify eth0 while adding the above rule, I get an error "SIOCADDRT: Network is unreachable". I understand from the manpage of route that if the GW specified is a local interface, then that would be use as the outgoing interface. After setting up this rule, if i do a traceroute (-i eth0), the packet goes first to the default gateway and then to IP3. How do I force the packet originating from eth0 towards IP3 to first come to IP2. I cannot make changes to the routing table of the gateway. Please suggest.

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  • My client's solution of a Windows SBS 2011 VM on an Ubuntu host and VirtualBox is pinning the host CPU

    - by Scott Stamp
    Here's my situation, I've got a client hosting two servers (one VM), with the host providing VMware Zimbra, the other Windows Small Business Server 2011. Unfortunately, the person before me had configured this setup as follows. Host: Ubuntu Desktop Edition 10.04 (I know, again, not my choice) running VMware Zimbra 8GB of RAM On-board RAID1 of two 320GB Seagate Barracuda drives for the OS Software RAID5 of four 500GB WD Caviar Black drives on MDADM for bulk storage (sorry, I don't know the model #) A relatively competent quad-core Intel Core i7 CPU from the Nehalem architecture (not suspicious of this as the bottleneck) Guest: Windows Small Business Server 2011 4GB of RAM Host-equivalent CPU allocation VDI file for OS hosted on the on-board RAID, VDI file for storage hosted on the on-board RAID For some reason when running, the VM locks up when sitting nearly idle, and the VirtualBox process reports values of 240%+ in top (how is that even possible?!). Anyone have any ideas or suggestions? I'm totally stumped on this one. Happy to provide whatever logs you'd like to take a look at. Ideally I'd drop VirtualBox and provision this with VMware Workstation, but the client has objected to the (very nominal) costs involved. If hardware needs to be purchased to help, it will be, but we're considering upgrades a last-resort at this time. Thanks in advance! *fingers crossed*

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  • Triple monitor setting in Linux with USB-HDMI adapter

    - by Oscar Carballal
    I'm trying to set up a triple monitor desktop at my office using Fedora 17, but it seems impossible, let me explain the setting: Laptop ASUS K53SD with 2 graphic cards, Intel and nVidia (Screen controled by Intel card) 24" Full HD monitor connected to the HDMI output (controlled by Intel card) 23" Full HD monitor connected to an USB-HDMI adapter (via framebuffer in /dev/fb2, apparently) VGA output (not used) controlled by nVidia card First of all, the USB-HDMI adapter works perfectly, it gives me a green screen (which means the communication is OK) and I can make it work if I set up a single monitor setting via framebuffer in Xorg. Here I leave the page where I got the instructions: http://plugable.com/2011/12/23/usb-graphics-and-linux Now I'm trying to set up the the two main monitors (laptop and 24") with the intel driver and the 23" with the framebuffer, but the most succesful configuration I get is the two main monitors working and the third disconnected. Do you have any idea what can I do to make this work? Here I leave my xRandr output and my Xorg conf: -> xrandr Screen 0: minimum 320 x 200, current 3286 x 1080, maximum 8192 x 8192 LVDS1 connected 1366x768+0+0 (normal left inverted right x axis y axis) 344mm x 193mm 1366x768 60.0*+ 1024x768 60.0 800x600 60.3 56.2 640x480 59.9 VGA2 disconnected (normal left inverted right x axis y axis) HDMI1 connected 1920x1080+1366+0 (normal left inverted right x axis y axis) 531mm x 299mm 1920x1080 60.0*+ 50.0 25.0 30.0 1680x1050 59.9 1680x945 60.0 1400x1050 74.9 59.9 1600x900 60.0 1280x1024 75.0 60.0 1440x900 75.0 59.9 1280x960 60.0 1366x768 60.0 1360x768 60.0 1280x800 74.9 59.9 1152x864 75.0 1280x768 74.9 60.0 1280x720 50.0 60.0 1440x576 25.0 1024x768 75.1 70.1 60.0 1440x480 30.0 1024x576 60.0 832x624 74.6 800x600 72.2 75.0 60.3 56.2 720x576 50.0 848x480 60.0 720x480 59.9 640x480 72.8 75.0 66.7 60.0 59.9 720x400 70.1 DP1 disconnected (normal left inverted right x axis y axis) 1920x1080_60.00 60.0 The Xorg file: # Xorg configuration file for using a tri-head display Section "ServerLayout" Identifier "Layout0" Screen 0 "HDMI" 0 0 Screen 1 "USB" RightOf "HDMI" Option "Xinerama" "on" EndSection ########### MONITORS ################ Section "Monitor" Identifier "USB1" VendorName "Unknown" ModelName "Acer 24as" Option "DPMS" EndSection Section "Monitor" Identifier "HDMI1" VendorName "Unknown" ModelName "Acer 23SH" Option "DPMS" EndSection ########### DEVICES ################## Section "Device" Identifier "Device 0" Driver "intel" BoardName "GeForce" BusID "PCI:0:02:0" Screen 0 EndSection Section "Device" Identifier "USB Device 0" driver "fbdev" Option "fbdev" "/dev/fb2" Option "ShadowFB" "off" EndSection ############## SCREENS ###################### Section "Screen" Identifier "HDMI" Device "Device 0" Monitor "HDMI1" DefaultDepth 24 SubSection "Display" Depth 24 EndSubSection EndSection Section "Screen" Identifier "USB" Device "USB Device 0" Monitor "USB1" DefaultDepth 24 SubSection "Display" Depth 24 EndSubSection EndSection

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  • Forward mDns from one subnet to another?

    - by user37278
    Is there an ipfw rule that can easily forward mDns packets from one subnet to another? I have a Snow Leopard Server machine serving as the gateway between the two subnets and would like for machines in each subnet to see the services available in the other subnet. The gateway machine is already confirmed as configured correctly such that packets route correctly between the two subnets (ping works, traceroute shows the subnet hop, etc). My problem in designing a ipfw rule is that I don't know how to instruct that I would like multicast packets addressed to 224.0.0.251:5353 on en0 to be addressed to the same ip/port but on fw0 (the other interface). I attempted a rule such as fwd 192.168.10.1 log udp from 192.168.1.0/24 to 224.0.0.251 recv en1 to force the packet to hop over to the other interface (from en1 to fw0), but no dice. The ipfw log shows that the rule is being triggered by packets, but tcpdump isn't showing any packets on the other interface. Also, the only other firewall rules in place are the divert port 8668 and rule #65535 "allow any to any". Any suggestions? Thanks.

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  • How to get back the themes feature in Windows XP?

    - by Martín M.
    When I try to set a visual style in Windows XP (the standard Luna, for example), I get one of these two: "Access denied" error. It works, but when I restart the computer, I get the Classic look again, with no errors. Also, the "Windows and icons" dropdown is grayed out in the "Appearance". This is a list of things I have tried, with no results: Making sure "Use visual styles on windows" is checked on System Properties Advanced Performance. Restarting the "Themes" service. It starts cleanly, no errors. Applying these two fixes: Kelly's Corner and tweaks.com. Running sfc /scannow and checking the integrity of uxtheme.dll against a clean installation of XP Restoring the whole \Windows\Resources\Themes directory. Creating a new user. The new user does not seem to suffer this problem. Maybe this is the solution, create a new user and migrating all the data, but it would be a pain, and I would prefer reinstalling the whole thing. I am using Windows XP Professional SP3, with no spyware, no virus, and no other visible malfunctions. How can I fix this?

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  • Same netmask or /32 for secondary IP on Linux

    - by derobert
    There appear to be (at least) two ways to add a secondary IP address to an interface on Linux. By secondary, I mean that it'll accept traffic to the IP address, and responses to connections made to that IP will use it as a source, but any traffic the box originates (e.g., an outgoing TCP connection) will not use the secondary address. Both ways start with adding the primary address, e.g., ip addr add 172.16.8.10/24 dev lan. Then I can add the secondary address with either a netmask of /24 (matching the primary) or /32. If I add it with a /24, it gets flagged secondary, so will not be used as the source of outgoing packets, but that leaves a risk of the two addresses being added in the wrong order by mistake. If I add it with /32, wrong order can't happen, but it doesn't get flagged as secondary, and I'm not sure what the bad effects of that may be. So, I'm wondering, which approach is least likely to break? (If it matters, the main service on this machine is MySQL, but it also runs NFSv3. I'm adding a second machine as a warm standby, and hope to switch between them by changing which owns the secondary IP.)

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  • will heavy network traffic affect other connections on HP ProCurve V1810-48G?

    - by nn4l
    I have a HP ProCurve V1810-48G switch with a few servers connected to it (everything in one rack). The switch is practically in its default configuration. During copying of a few hundred GByte of data from server_a to server_b (using tar cf - data | ssh server_b 'cd myhome; tar xf -'), essentially saturating the network capacity between those two servers, I noticed network related error messages on the console of server_c - as if server_c is no longer able to send/receive traffic to server_d. After canceling the copy command everything was normal again. I would understand this if the network connection would use a shared resource, for example if server_a and server_c are in one datacenter, server_b and server_d are in another datacenter and both datacenters are connected with a 100 MBit line. But all of the mentioned servers are connected to the same switch and are located in the same IP network. I always thought that a connection between two servers on one switch will not affect any other server connected to the switch. It is also possible that the network related error messages are caused by something else - but I can't risk a network problem for any other system on this switch. Please advise.

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  • What ways are there to set permissions on an Exchange 2003 mailbox?

    - by HopelessN00b
    I'm having a difficult/impossible time tracing down a permissions issue on an Exchange 2003 mailbox, and I was wondering if I'm missing any technical possibilities here. The basic question is what ways are there to set a user's permissions to access a mailbox in Exchange 2003? I know of two. Permissions on the mailbox itself (Mailbox Rights) and having delegated rights. And then, if it's possible, how would one view all the permissions (including delegated permissions) on the mailbox? The situation is that a new user who's been set up "exactly like all the others" in his department (pretty sure he was copied via the right click option in ADUC, in fact) can't access a specific shared mailbox, which I've been assured about a dozen other people do have access to and access on a regular basis. As to how they got permissions to the mailbox, no one knows, so it must have been granted by a white wizard whose spell has since worn off, so now IT has to handle it instead. Anyway... This mailbox is a normal AD user, created as a service account, for which no one knows the password (of course), so it's probably not the case that this service account was being used to delegate permissions. Upon taking examining the Mailbox Rights directly... Here are the permissions I see: This leads me to believe that one of two things are happening - the managers have been delegating full mailbox permissions to the rest of the department, or everyone's logging in using... not their own account. But, before I get too excited about the prospect of busting out the LART and strolling over to that department, I want to make sure I'm not missing another possible explanation. Like most of the rest of the world, I ditched Exchange 2003 at the earliest possible opportunity, and had been looking forward to never seeing it again, so I'm a bit rusty on the intricacies of how it [mostly, sort of] works. Anyone see any or possibilities, or things I may have missed, or does the LART get to come out and play?

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  • 10 GigE interfaces limits single connection throughput to 1 Gb on a ProCurve 4208vl

    - by wazoox
    The setup is as follow : 3 Linux servers with Intel CX4 10 GigE controllers and an X-Serve with a Myricom 10 GigE CX4 controller are connected to a ProCurve 4208vl switch, with a myriad of other machines connected through good ol' 1000 base-T. The interfaces are actually set up as 10 Gig, according to both the switch monitoring interface and the servers (ethtool, etc). However a single connection between two 10 GigE equipped machines through the switch is limited to exactly 1Gb. If I connect two of the 10 GigE machines directly with a CX4 cable, netperf reports the link bandwidth as 9000 Mb/s. NFS achieves about 550 MB/s transfers. But when I'm using the switch, the connection tops at 950 Mb/s through netperf and 110 MB/s with NFS. When I open several connections from 3 of the machines to the 4th, I get 350 MB/s of NFS transfer speed. So each individual 10 GigE ports actually can reach much more than 1 Gb, but individual connections are strictly limited to 1 Gb. Conclusion : the 10 GigE connection through the switch behaves exactly like a trunk of 10 1 Gb connections. That doesn't make any sense to me, unless HP planned these ports only for cascading switches or strictly for many-clients-to-single-server connection. Unfortunately this is NOT the envisioned setup, we need big throughput from machine to machine. Is this a not-so-known (or carefully hidden...) limitation of this type of switch? Should I suggest seppuku to the HP representative? Does anyone have any idea on how to enable a proper behaviour ? I upgraded for an hefty price from bonded 1Gb links to 10 GigE and see exactly ZERO gain! That's absolutely unacceptable.

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  • Can a folder on a NAS be made available as a physical drive in VMWare?

    - by asbjornu
    We are currently in the process of moving from a single web server to two load balanced web servers and are facing some challenges we don't quite know how to fix. One of these is that the current single server hosts applications that write stuff to disk. The applications running on the server expects that when something is written to disk it later will in fact exist, so it's important that this premise is fulfilled with the dual server architecture as well. The dual server setup is a couple of VMWare instances with Windows Server 2008 R2 as the guest operating system. Out of the box, these instances does not share any kind of file system, so just moving the applications over would make them break since one instance would write something to the file system that doesn't exist on the other. Thus we need to share a file system between the two virtual servers. Our host has proposed to create a network share on a SAN and map this share individually on each virtual machine. This doesn't work too well due to NTFS permissions, etc., because the share needs to be accessed by several independent web applications that won't even be in the same application pool. The only solution that kind of works is to hard code an "identity" for each web application into its web.config file, but this means password in clear text which doesn't sit well with me. Since the servers are virtual, I'm thinknig: Wouldn't it be possible to make a NAS area available as a physical disk in the gues operating system somehow? Since VMWare has full control of the virtual hardware, you'd think it would be able to "fake" a local hard drive in the virtual machine that in reality is a folder on a NAS, but so far I haven't found anything that states how and if this is possible. So I have to ask the wonderful Server Fault community: Can a folder on a NAS be made available as a physical drive (typical D:) in both of the virtual machines?

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  • EMC VNX iSCSI setup - unsure about SP/port assignment

    - by pauska
    We have a new VNX5300 waiting to get configured, and I need to plan out the network infrastructure before the EMC tech arrives. It has 4x1gbit iSCSI per SP (8 ports in total), and I'd like to get the most out of the performance until we jump over to 10gig iSCSI. From what I can read from the docs - the recommendation is to use only two ports per SP, with 1 active and 1 passive. Why is this? It seems kind of pointless to have quad-port i/o-modules and then recommend to not use more than two of them? Also - I'm a bit unsure about the zoning. The best practices guide state that you should separate each port on each SP from each other on different logical networks. Does this mean that I have to create 4 logical networks to be able to use all 8 ports? It also gives the following example: Does this mean that A0 and B0 should sit on the same physical switch aswell? Won't this make all traffic go on one switch (if both A1 and B1 are passive)? Edit: Another brainpuzzle I don't get it - each host (as in server) should not have more iSCSI bandwidth available than the storage processor. What on earth does this matter? If serverA have 1gbit and serverB have 100mbit, then the resulting bandwith between them is 100mbit. How can this result in some kind of oversubscription? Edit4: Wait, what. Active and passive ports? The VNX runs in a ALUA configuration with asymmetrical active/active.. there shouldn't be any passive ports, only preferred ones..

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  • SSH attack CentOS Amazon EC2

    - by user37143
    Hi, I run a few Rightscale CentOS AMI based instances on Amazon EC2. Two months back I found that our SSHD security is compromised( I had added host.allow and host.deny for ssh). So I created new instances and done an IP based ssh that allows only our IPs through AWS Firewall(ec2-authorize) and chnaged the ssh 22 default port to some other port but two days back I found I was not able to login to the server and when I tried on 22 port the ssh got connected and I found that sshd_conf was changed and when I tried to edit sshd_config I found root had no write permission on the file. So I tried a chmod and it said access denied for 'root' user. This is very strange. I checked secure log and history and found nothing informative. I have PHP, Ruby On Rails, Java, Wordpress apps running on these server. This time I did a chkrootkit scan and found nothing. I renamed the /etc/ssh folder and reinstalled openssh through yum. I had faced this on 3 instances on CentOS(5.2, 5.4) I have instances on Debian as well those working fine. Is this a CentOS/Rightscale issue. Guys, what security measures I should take to prevent this. Please support me this is very critical. Thanks

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  • Archive Manager, SQL 2005 and MaxTokenSize high CPU

    - by Tim Alexander
    So, I posted this question a few days ago: Impact of increasing the MaxTokenSize for Kerberos Tickets Since then the thought was to test our settings on two member servers, one with IIS and one without. I setup two GPOs to configure the MaxTokenSize reg setting to 48000 and MaxFieldLength/MaxRequestBytes to 64200 (based on MS KB2020943, these are set at 4/3 * T + 200). The member server seemed to work ok (a devalued tape backup server). The IIS server however has had some strange repercussions. The IIS Sserver host Quest Software Archive Manager (AM) 4.5 that communicates with SQL Server 2005 Enterprise on Server 2003 R2. After the changes all looked good until the SQL Server hit 100% CPU. I have removed the GPOS, removed the reg values and even replaced them with defaults (12000 for token size and can't remember the other one but was in a blog post about the issue in my other post). No change. Bouncing the IIS Server stops the high CPU and a colleague has looked at the SQL server and it is definitely the AM connection taking up the time/work on the SQL server. I haven't changed the reg values on the SQL server or the DCs but am reluctant to do so without understanding why this has happened. I am guessing its to do with the overriding auth and group issue we have but I am not seeing Kerberos errors in either event log. Has anyone seen something similar or does anyone have some tips? Was definitely blindsided by the Kerberos issue and am swimming against the tide to keep things functioning.

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  • Copy files from sub directories into one directory.

    - by Derek Organ
    Ok I have a bunch of files in this file structure format. /backup/daily/database1/database1-2011-01-01.sql /backup/daily/database1/database1-2011-01-02.sql /backup/daily/database1/database1-2011-01-03.sql /backup/daily/database1/database1-2011-01-04.sql /backup/daily/database1/database1-2011-01-05.sql /backup/daily/database1/database1-2011-01-06.sql /backup/daily/database1/database1-2011-01-07.sql /backup/daily/anotherdb/anotherdb-2011-01-01.sql /backup/daily/anotherdb/anotherdb-2011-01-02.sql /backup/daily/anotherdb/anotherdb-2011-01-03.sql /backup/daily/anotherdb/anotherdb-2011-01-04.sql /backup/daily/anotherdb/anotherdb-2011-01-05.sql /backup/daily/anotherdb/anotherdb-2011-01-06.sql /backup/daily/anotherdb/anotherdb-2011-01-07.sql /backup/daily/stuff/stuff-2011-01-01.sql /backup/daily/stuff/stuff-2011-01-02.sql /backup/daily/stuff/stuff-2011-01-03.sql /backup/daily/stuff/stuff-2011-01-04.sql /backup/daily/stuff/stuff-2011-01-05.sql /backup/daily/stuff/stuff-2011-01-06.sql /backup/daily/stuff/stuff-2011-01-07.sql And there are lots lots more. ultimately I want to import all the 2011-01-07.sql files into my mysql database. This works for one mysql -u root -ppassword < /backup/daily/database1/database1-2011-01-07.sql That will nicely restore that database from this backupfile. I want to run a process where it does this for all databases. So my plan is to first cp all 2011-01-07 sql files into a tmp dir e.g. cp /backup/daily/*/*2011-01-07*.sql /tmp/all The command above unfortunately isn't working I get an error: cp: cannot stat ..... No such file or directory So can you guys help me out with this. For bonus points if you can tell me how to do the next step which is import all databases in one command doing one at a time that would be great too. I really want to do these in two separate steps because I need to delete a few sql files manually from the tmp dir before I run the restore command. So I need: 1) command to copy all 2011-01-07 sql files to a tmp dir 2) command to import all those files in that dir into mysql I know its possible to do in one but for lots of reasons I really would prefer to do it in two steps.

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  • What is the best way to recover from a mysql replication fail?

    - by Itai Ganot
    Today, the replication between our master mysql db server and the two replication servers dropped. I have a procedure here which was written a long time ago and i'm not sure it's the fastest method to recover for this issue. I'd like to share with you the procedure and I'd appreciate if you could give your thoughts about it and maybe even tell me how it can be done quicker. At the master: RESET MASTER; FLUSH TABLES WITH READ LOCK; SHOW MASTER STATUS; And copy the values of the result of the last command somewhere. Wihtout closing the connection to the client (because it would release the read lock) issue the command to get a dump of the master: mysqldump mysq Now you can release the lock, even if the dump hasn't end. To do it perform the following command in the mysql client: UNLOCK TABLES; Now copy the dump file to the slave using scp or your preferred tool. At the slave: Open a connection to mysql and type: STOP SLAVE; Load master's data dump with this console command: mysql -uroot -p < mysqldump.sql Sync slave and master logs: RESET SLAVE; CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_LOG_FILE='mysql-bin.000001', MASTER_LOG_POS=98; Where the values of the above fields are the ones you copied before. Finally type START SLAVE; And to check that everything is working again, if you type SHOW SLAVE STATUS; you should see: Slave_IO_Running: Yes Slave_SQL_Running: Yes That's it! At the moment i'm in the stage of copying the db from the master to the other two replication servers and it takes more than 6 hours to that point, isn't it too slow? The servers are connected through a 1gb switch.

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  • SQL cluster instance names for large project

    - by Sam
    We're setting up two clusters. One dev and one prod. The Production will host two SQL instances - a OLTP and a DW. The development will host 4 OLTP non-production environments and at least one DW non-production. We're working on getting more DW non-prods and possibly more OLTP systems. I'm considering a naming scheme like this, where PROJ would be 3 initials for the project name. Dev Cluster MSSQLPROJD1\D1 (DEV) MSSQLPROJD2\D2 (TEST) MSSQLPROJD3\D3 (QA) MSSQLPROJD4\D4 (STAGE) MSSQLPROJD5\D5 (DW) Prd Cluster MSSQLPROJP1\P1 (PRD) MSSQLPROJP2\P2 (DW) To the left of the slash, each name must be unique network wide. On each server, the instance name, to the right of the slash, must be unique. Any thoughts on this? I'm trying to avoid having instance names drifting from reality as the project progresses - say we change what we call a certain environment or want to repurpose one. Then we can update a listing of the purposes for the instances and be done with it. How has a scheme like this worked out for you? Maybe you do things another way in your shop - tell me about it. Thanks.

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  • How important is dual-gigabit lan for a super user's home NAS?

    - by Andrew
    Long story short: I'm building my own home server based on Ubuntu with 4 drives in RAID 10. Its primary purpose will be NAS and backup. Would I be making a terrible mistake by building a NAS Server with a single Gigabit NIC? Long story long: I know the absolute max I can get out of a single Gigabit port is 125MB/s, and I want this NAS to be able to handle up to 6 computers accessing files simultaneously, with up to two of them streaming video. With Ubuntu NIC-bonding and the performance of RAID 10, I can theoretically double my throughput and achieve 250MB/s (ok, not really, but it would be faster). The drives have an average read throughput of 83.87MB/s according to Tom's Hardware. The unit itself will be based on the Chenbro ES34069-BK-180 case. With my current hardware choices, it'll have this motherboard with a Core i3 CPU and 8GB of RAM. Overkill, I know, but this server will be doing other things as well (like transcoding video). Unfortunately, the only Mini-ITX boards I can find with dual-gigabit and 6 SATA ports are Intel Atom-based, and I need more processing power than an Atom has to offer. I would love to find a board with 6 SATA ports and two Gigabit LAN ports that supports a Core i3 CPU. So far, my search has come up empty. Thus, my dilemma. Should I hold out for such a board, go with an Atom-based solution, or stick with my current single-gigabit configuration? I know there are consumer NAS units with just one gigabit interface (probably most of them), but I think I will demand a lot more from my server than the average home user. Any advice is appreciated. Thanks.

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