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• Adding OutputCache to an ASP.NET WebForm crashes my site :(

  - by Pure.Krome

  Hi folks, When I add either one of these ... <%@ OutputCache Duration="600" Location="Any" VaryByParam="*" %> or <%@ OutputCache CacheProfile="CmsArticlesListOrItem" %> (.. and this into the web.config file...) <caching> <outputCacheSettings> <outputCacheProfiles> <add name="CmsArticlesListOrItem" duration="600" varyByParam="*" /> </outputCacheProfiles> </outputCacheSettings> <sqlCacheDependency ........ ></sqlCacheDependency </caching> my page/site crashes with the following error:- Source: System.Web ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- TargetSite: System.Web.DirectoryMonitor FindDirectoryMonitor(System.String, Boolean, Boolean) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- Message:System.Web.HttpException: Directory 'C:\Web Sites\My Site Foo - Main Site\Controls\InfoAdvice' does not exist. Failed to start monitoring file changes. at System.Web.FileChangesMonitor.FindDirectoryMonitor(String dir, Boolean addIfNotFound, Boolean throwOnError) at System.Web.FileChangesMonitor.StartMonitoringPath(String alias, FileChangeEventHandler callback, FileAttributesData& fad) at System.Web.Caching.CacheDependency.Init(Boolean isPublic, String[] filenamesArg, String[] cachekeysArg, CacheDependency dependency, DateTime utcStart) at System.Web.Caching.CacheDependency..ctor(Int32 dummy, String[] filenames, DateTime utcStart) at System.Web.Hosting.MapPathBasedVirtualPathProvider.GetCacheDependency(String virtualPath, IEnumerable virtualPathDependencies, DateTime utcStart) at System.Web.ResponseDependencyList.CreateCacheDependency(CacheDependencyType dependencyType, CacheDependency dependency) at System.Web.HttpResponse.CreateCacheDependencyForResponse(CacheDependency dependencyVary) at System.Web.Caching.OutputCacheModule.InsertResponse(HttpResponse response, HttpContext context, String keyRawResponse, HttpCachePolicySettings settings, CachedVary cachedVary, CachedRawResponse memoryRawResponse) at System.Web.Caching.OutputCacheModule.OnLeave(Object source, EventArgs eventArgs) at System.Web.HttpApplication.SyncEventExecutionStep.System.Web.HttpApplication.IExecutionStep.Execute() at System.Web.HttpApplication.ExecuteStep(IExecutionStep step, Boolean& completedSynchronously) Ok .. so for some reason, the OutputCache wants a folder/file to be there? Well, i've had this site live for around 3 years and i'm pretty sure that the folders \Controls and \Controls\InfoAdvice doesn't exist on my production server. On my localhost, it sure does .. and contains a large list of ascx controls. But they don't exist on my live server. So ... what is going on here? Can anyone please help? Oh :) Before someone suggests I create those two folders and even stick a random file in those folders .. and have some random text in those random files .. i've done that and it doesn't seem to work, still :( Please Help !

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• LINQ aggregate left join on SQL CE

  - by P Daddy

  What I need is such a simple, easy query, it blows me away how much work I've done just trying to do it in LINQ. In T-SQL, it would be: SELECT I.InvoiceID, I.CustomerID, I.Amount AS AmountInvoiced, I.Date AS InvoiceDate, ISNULL(SUM(P.Amount), 0) AS AmountPaid, I.Amount - ISNULL(SUM(P.Amount), 0) AS AmountDue FROM Invoices I LEFT JOIN Payments P ON I.InvoiceID = P.InvoiceID WHERE I.Date between @start and @end GROUP BY I.InvoiceID, I.CustomerID, I.Amount, I.Date ORDER BY AmountDue DESC The best equivalent LINQ expression I've come up with, took me much longer to do: var invoices = ( from I in Invoices where I.Date >= start && I.Date <= end join P in Payments on I.InvoiceID equals P.InvoiceID into payments select new{ I.InvoiceID, I.CustomerID, AmountInvoiced = I.Amount, InvoiceDate = I.Date, AmountPaid = ((decimal?)payments.Select(P=>P.Amount).Sum()).GetValueOrDefault(), AmountDue = I.Amount - ((decimal?)payments.Select(P=>P.Amount).Sum()).GetValueOrDefault() } ).OrderByDescending(row=>row.AmountDue); This gets an equivalent result set when run against SQL Server. Using a SQL CE database, however, changes things. The T-SQL stays almost the same. I only have to change ISNULL to COALESCE. Using the same LINQ expression, however, results in an error: There was an error parsing the query. [ Token line number = 4, Token line offset = 9,Token in error = SELECT ] So we look at the generated SQL code: SELECT [t3].[InvoiceID], [t3].[CustomerID], [t3].[Amount] AS [AmountInvoiced], [t3].[Date] AS [InvoiceDate], [t3].[value] AS [AmountPaid], [t3].[value2] AS [AmountDue] FROM ( SELECT [t0].[InvoiceID], [t0].[CustomerID], [t0].[Amount], [t0].[Date], COALESCE(( SELECT SUM([t1].[Amount]) FROM [Payments] AS [t1] WHERE [t0].[InvoiceID] = [t1].[InvoiceID] ),0) AS [value], [t0].[Amount] - (COALESCE(( SELECT SUM([t2].[Amount]) FROM [Payments] AS [t2] WHERE [t0].[InvoiceID] = [t2].[InvoiceID] ),0)) AS [value2] FROM [Invoices] AS [t0] ) AS [t3] WHERE ([t3].[Date] >= @p0) AND ([t3].[Date] <= @p1) ORDER BY [t3].[value2] DESC Ugh! Okay, so it's ugly and inefficient when run against SQL Server, but we're not supposed to care, since it's supposed to be quicker to write, and the performance difference shouldn't be that large. But it just doesn't work against SQL CE, which apparently doesn't support subqueries within the SELECT list. In fact, I've tried several different left join queries in LINQ, and they all seem to have the same problem. Even: from I in Invoices join P in Payments on I.InvoiceID equals P.InvoiceID into payments select new{I, payments} generates: SELECT [t0].[InvoiceID], [t0].[CustomerID], [t0].[Amount], [t0].[Date], [t1].[InvoiceID] AS [InvoiceID2], [t1].[Amount] AS [Amount2], [t1].[Date] AS [Date2], ( SELECT COUNT(*) FROM [Payments] AS [t2] WHERE [t0].[InvoiceID] = [t2].[InvoiceID] ) AS [value] FROM [Invoices] AS [t0] LEFT OUTER JOIN [Payments] AS [t1] ON [t0].[InvoiceID] = [t1].[InvoiceID] ORDER BY [t0].[InvoiceID] which also results in the error: There was an error parsing the query. [ Token line number = 2, Token line offset = 5,Token in error = SELECT ] So how can I do a simple left join on a SQL CE database using LINQ? Am I wasting my time?

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• Unique element ID, even if element doesn't have one

  - by Robert J. Walker

  I'm writing a GreaseMonkey script where I'm iterating through a bunch of elements. For each element, I need a string ID that I can use to reference that element later. The element itself doesn't have an id attribute, and I can't modify the original document to give it one (although I can make DOM changes in my script). I can't store the references in my script because when I need them, the GreaseMonkey script itself will have gone out of scope. Is there some way to get at an "internal" ID that the browser uses, for example? A Firefox-only solution is fine; a cross-browser solution that could be applied in other scenarios would be awesome. Edit: If the GreaseMonkey script is out of scope, how are you referencing the elements later? They GreaseMonkey script is adding events to DOM objects. I can't store the references in an array or some other similar mechanism because when the event fires, the array will be gone because the GreaseMonkey script will have gone out of scope. So the event needs some way to know about the element reference that the script had when the event was attached. And the element in question is not the one to which it is attached. Can't you just use a custom property on the element? Yes, but the problem is on the lookup. I'd have to resort to iterating through all the elements looking for the one that has that custom property set to the desired id. That would work, sure, but in large documents it could be very time consuming. I'm looking for something where the browser can do the lookup grunt work. Wait, can you or can you not modify the document? I can't modify the source document, but I can make DOM changes in the script. I'll clarify in the question. Can you not use closures? Closuses did turn out to work, although I initially thought they wouldn't. See my later post. It sounds like the answer to the question: "Is there some internal browser ID I could use?" is "No."

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• Finding what makes strings unique in a list, can you improve on brute force?

  - by Ed Guiness

  Suppose I have a list of strings where each string is exactly 4 characters long and unique within the list. For each of these strings I want to identify the position of the characters within the string that make the string unique. So for a list of three strings abcd abcc bbcb For the first string I want to identify the character in 4th position d since d does not appear in the 4th position in any other string. For the second string I want to identify the character in 4th position c. For the third string it I want to identify the character in 1st position b AND the character in 4th position, also b. This could be concisely represented as abcd -> ...d abcc -> ...c bbcb -> b..b If you consider the same problem but with a list of binary numbers 0101 0011 1111 Then the result I want would be 0101 -> ..0. 0011 -> .0.. 1111 -> 1... Staying with the binary theme I can use XOR to identify which bits are unique within two binary numbers since 0101 ^ 0011 = 0110 which I can interpret as meaning that in this case the 2nd and 3rd bits (reading left to right) are unique between these two binary numbers. This technique might be a red herring unless somehow it can be extended to the larger list. A brute-force approach would be to look at each string in turn, and for each string to iterate through vertical slices of the remainder of the strings in the list. So for the list abcd abcc bbcb I would start with abcd and iterate through vertical slices of abcc bbcb where these vertical slices would be a | b | c | c b | b | c | b or in list form, "ab", "bb", "cc", "cb". This would result in four comparisons a : ab -> . (a is not unique) b : bb -> . (b is not unique) c : cc -> . (c is not unique) d : cb -> d (d is unique) or concisely abcd -> ...d Maybe it's wishful thinking, but I have a feeling that there should be an elegant and general solution that would apply to an arbitrarily large list of strings (or binary numbers). But if there is I haven't yet been able to see it. I hope to use this algorithm to to derive minimal signatures from a collection of unique images (bitmaps) in order to efficiently identify those images at a future time. If future efficiency wasn't a concern I would use a simple hash of each image. Can you improve on brute force?

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• Dealing with missing messages in JavaScript when using BOSH

  - by JamieD

  We recently went into private beta on our flagship product and had a small launch event. Unfortunately the venue had a terrible wireless connection and packets were being dropped left right and centre causing havoc with out system, basically it wasn't able to work at all! Luckily we were able to switch to a different network and rescue the demo. This highlighted something that I knew was already an issue but hadn't appreciated quite how much of an issue it could be. Our system relies heavily on BOSH and has a rather large JavaScript code base which now works rather well under good network conditions. However we need to make it work well under bad network conditions as well. Due to the way that XMPP works, a fire and forget system, it's not easy to tell if a message you sent, or were supposed to receive, was actually sent or received. For instance, we have an offer system, one user will send an offer to another over BOSH. When this message is received by the server a message is published to the offering users offers_sent PEP node and a similar message to the receiving users offers_received PEP node. While the sending user is able to tell if their offer was send (relatively) easily, if the notification to the receiving user is never received that user will never know it missed a message. A little about out JavaScript setup, it has 4 main layers: StropheJS An MVC framework for dealing with low level tasks and to build on top of An application layer which contains the app logic routes, controllers models etc. as well as a browser cache of the model data A UI layer that receives events and publishes events to and from the application layer One way to solve the missing messages issue would be to periodically check the PEP nodes for new data that the browser doesn't know about. If a new message was discovered the browsers cache would be invalidated and all new data would be requested from the server. I'm not sure this is the best way to go and it also doesn't cover all situations. We certainly don't want to get into the situation where we are sending messages to confirm the previous message was received at it's destination as this would double the network traffic. With the number of real time websites growing daily this is an issue that must have been encountered by other developers, it would be interesting to see how it's been solved by others. As far as I can see there are two situations in which messages go missing: On poor connections messages are not sent or received due to the packets being dropped Involving navigating between pages, a message is received by the browser but is not fully processed and stored in the local cache before the page is unloaded. Or a message is added to the send queue but never sent before the page is unloaded I suspect the hardest issue to solve will be number 2. Any thoughts on the subject would be much appreciated.

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• Problem with type coercion and string concatenation in JavaScript in Greasemonkey script on Firefox

  - by Yi Jiang

  I'm creating a GreaseMonkey script to improve the user interface of the 10k tools Stack Overflow uses. I have encountered an unreproducible and frankly bizarre problem that has confounded me and the others in the JavaScript room on SO Chat. We have yet to find the cause after several lengthy debugging sessions. The problematic script can be found here. Source - Install The problem occurs at line 85, the line after the 'vodoo' comment: return (t + ' (' + +(+f.offensive + +f.spam) + ')'); It might look a little weird, but the + in front of the two variables and the inner bracket is for type coercion, the inner middle + is for addition, and the other ones are for concatenation. Nothing special, but observant reader might note that type coercion on the inner bracket is unnecessary, since both are already type coerced to numbers, and type coercing result is useless when they get concatenated into a string anyway. Not so! Removing the + breaks the script, causing f.offensive and f.spam to be concatenated instead of added together. Adding further console.log only makes things more confusing: console.log(f.offensive + f.spam); // 50 console.log('' + (+f.offensive + +f.spam)); // 5, but returning this yields 50 somehow console.log('' + (+f.offensive + +f.spam) + ''); // 50 Source: http://chat.stackoverflow.com/transcript/message/203261#203261 The problem is that this is unreproducible - running scripts like console.log('a' + (+'3' + +'1') + 'b'); in the Firebug console yields the correct result, as does (function(){ return 'a' + (+'3' + +'1') + 'b'; })(); Even pulling out large chunks of the code and running them in the console does not reproduce this bug: $('.post-menu a[id^=flag-post-]').each(function(){ var f = {offensive: '4', spam: '1'}; if(f){ $(this).text(function(i, t){ // Vodoo - please do not remove the '+' in front of the inner bracket return (t + ' (' + +(+f.offensive + +f.spam) + ')'); }); } }); Tim Stone in the chatroom has reproduction instruction for those who are below 10k. This bug only appears in Firefox - Chrome does not appear to exhibit this problem, leading me to believe that this may be a problem with either Firefox's JavaScript engine, or the Greasemonkey add-on. Am I right? I can be found in the JavaScript room if you want more detail and/or want to discuss this.

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• Optimizing spacing of mesh containing a given set of points

  - by Feynman

  I tried to summarize the this as best as possible in the title. I am writing an initial value problem solver in the most general way possible. I start with an arbitrary number of initial values at arbitrary locations (inside a boundary.) The first part of my program creates a mesh/grid (I am not sure which is the correct nuance), with N points total, that contains all the initial values. My goal is to optimize the mesh such that the spacing is as uniform as possible. My solver seems to work half decently (it needs some more obscure debugging that is not relevant here.) I am starting with one dimension. I intend to generalize the algorithm to an arbitrary number of dimensions once I get it working consistently. I am writing my code in fortran, but feel free to reply with pseudocode or the language of your choice. Allow me to elaborate with an example: Say I am working on a closed interval [1,10] xmin=1 xmax=10 Say I have 3 initial points: xmin, 5 and xmax num_ivc=3 known(num_ivc)=[xmin,5,xmax] //my arrays start at 1. Assume "known" starts sorted I store my mesh/grid points in an array called coord. Say I want 10 points total in my mesh/grid. N=10 coord(10) Remember, all this is arbitrary--except the variable names of course. The algorithm should set coord to {1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10} Now for a less trivial example: num_ivc=3 known(num_ivc)=[xmin,5.5,xmax or just num_ivc=1 known(num_ivc)=[5.5] Now, would you have 5 evenly spaced points on the interval [1, 5.5] and 5 evenly spaced points on the interval (5.5, 10]? But there is more space between 1 and 5.5 than between 5.5 and 10. So would you have 6 points on [1, 5.5] followed by 4 on (5.5 to 10]. The key is to minimize the difference in spacing. I have been working on this for 2 days straight and I can assure you it is a lot trickier than it sounds. I have written code that only works if N is large only works if N is small only works if it the known points are close together only works if it the known points are far apart only works if at least one of the known points is near a boundary only works if none of the known points are near a boundary So as you can see, I have coded the gamut of almost-solutions. I cannot figure out a way to get it to perform equally well in all possible scenarios (that is, create the optimum spacing.)

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• Can ASM method-visitors be used with interfaces?

  - by Olaf Mertens

  I need to write a tool that lists the classes that call methods of specified interfaces. It will be used as part of the build process of a large java application consisting of many modules. The goal is to automatically document the dependencies between certain java modules. I found several tools for dependency analysis, but they don't work on the method level, just for packages or jars. Finally I found ASM, that seems to do what I need. The following code prints the method dependencies of all class files in a given directory: import java.io.*; import java.util.*; import org.objectweb.asm.ClassReader; public class Test { public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { File dir = new File(args[0]); List<File> classFiles = new LinkedList<File>(); findClassFiles(classFiles, dir); for (File classFile : classFiles) { InputStream input = new FileInputStream(classFile); new ClassReader(input).accept(new MyClassVisitor(), 0); input.close(); } } private static void findClassFiles(List<File> list, File dir) { for (File file : dir.listFiles()) { if (file.isDirectory()) { findClassFiles(list, file); } else if (file.getName().endsWith(".class")) { list.add(file); } } } } import org.objectweb.asm.MethodVisitor; import org.objectweb.asm.commons.EmptyVisitor; public class MyClassVisitor extends EmptyVisitor { private String className; @Override public void visit(int version, int access, String name, String signature, String superName, String[] interfaces) { this.className = name; } @Override public MethodVisitor visitMethod(int access, String name, String desc, String signature, String[] exceptions) { System.out.println(className + "." + name); return new MyMethodVisitor(); } } import org.objectweb.asm.commons.EmptyVisitor; public class MyMethodVisitor extends EmptyVisitor { @Override public void visitMethodInsn(int opcode, String owner, String name, String desc) { String key = owner + "." + name; System.out.println(" " + key); } } The Problem: The code works for regular classes only! If the class file contains an interface, visitMethod is called, but not visitMethodInsn. I don't get any info about the callers of interface methods. Any ideas?

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• Adobe Reader process fails when starting second instance

  - by Reddog

  In our C# WinForms application, we generate PDF files and launch Adobe Reader (or whatever the default system .pdf handler is) via the Process class. Since our PDF files can be large (approx 200K), we handle the Exited event to then clean up the temp file afterwards. The system works as required when a file is opened and then closed again. However, when a second file is opened (before closing Adobe Reader) the second process immediately exits (since Reader is now using it's MDI powers) and in our Exited handler our File.Delete call should fail because it's locked by the now joined Adobe process. However, in Reader we instead get: There was an error opening this document. This file cannot be found. The unusual thing is that if I put a debugger breakpoint before the file deletion and allow it to attempt (and fail) the deletion, then the system behaves as expected! I'm positive that the file exists and fairly positive that all handles/file streams to the file are closed before starting the process. We are launching with the following code: // Open the file for viewing/printing (if the default program supports it) var pdfProcess = new Process(); pdfProcess.StartInfo.FileName = tempFileName; if (pdfProcess.StartInfo.Verbs.Contains("open", StringComparer.InvariantCultureIgnoreCase)) { var verb = pdfProcess.StartInfo.Verbs.First(v => v.Equals("open", StringComparison.InvariantCultureIgnoreCase)); pdfProcess.StartInfo.Verb = verb; } pdfProcess.StartInfo.Arguments = "/N"; // Specifies a new window will be used! (But not definitely...) pdfProcess.SynchronizingObject = this; pdfProcess.EnableRaisingEvents = true; pdfProcess.Exited += new EventHandler(pdfProcess_Exited); _pdfProcessDictionary.Add(pdfProcess, tempFileName); pdfProcess.Start(); Note: We are using the _pdfProcessDictionary to store references to the Process objects so that they stay in scope so that Exited event can successfully be raised. Our cleanup/exited event is: void pdfProcess_Exited(object sender, EventArgs e) { Debug.Assert(!InvokeRequired); var p = sender as Process; try { if (_pdfProcessDictionary.ContainsKey(p)) { var tempFileName = _pdfProcessDictionary[p]; if (File.Exists(tempFileName)) // How else can I check if I can delete it!!?? { // NOTE: Will fail if the Adobe Reader application instance has been re-used! File.Delete(tempFileName); _pdfProcessDictionary.Remove(p); } CleanOtherFiles(); // This function will clean up files for any other previously exited processes in our dictionary } } catch (IOException ex) { // Just swallow it up, we will deal with trying to delete it at another point } } Possible solutions: Detect that the file is still open in another process Detect that the second process hasn't really been fully exited and that the file is opened in the first process instead

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• How to show percentage of 'memory used' in a win32 process?

  - by pj4533

  I know that memory usage is a very complex issue on Windows. I am trying to write a UI control for a large application that shows a 'percentage of memory used' number, in order to give the user an indication that it may be time to clear up some memory, or more likely restart the application. One implementation used ullAvailVirtual from MEMORYSTATUSEX as a base, then used HeapWalk() to walk the process heap looking for additional free memory. The HeapWalk() step was needed because we noticed that after a while of running the memory allocated and freed by the heap was never returned and reported by the ullAvailVirtual number. After hours of intensive working, the ullAvailVirtual number no longer would accurately report the amount of memory available. However, this method proved not ideal, due to occasional odd errors that HeapWalk() would return, even when the process heap was not corrupted. Further, since this is a UI control, the heap walking code was executing every 5-10 seconds. I tried contacting Microsoft about why HeapWalk() was failing, escalated a case via MSDN, but never got an answer other than "you probably shouldn't do that". So, as a second implementation, I used PagefileUsage from PROCESS_MEMORY_COUNTERS as a base. Then I used VirtualQueryEx to walk the virtual address space adding up all regions that weren't MEM_FREE and returned a value for GetMappedFileNameA(). My thinking was that the PageFileUsage was essentially 'private bytes' so if I added to that value the total size of the DLLs my process was using, it would be a good approximation of the amount of memory my process was using. This second method seems to (sorta) work, at least it doesn't cause crashes like the heap walker method. However, when both methods are enabled, the values are not the same. So one of the methods is wrong. So, StackOverflow world...how would you implement this? which method is more promising, or do you have a third, better method? should I go back to the original method, and further debug the odd errors? should I stay away from walking the heap every 5-10 seconds? Keep in mind the whole point is to indicate to the user that it is getting 'dangerous', and they should either free up memory or restart the application. Perhaps a 'percentage used' isn't the best solution to this problem? What is? Another idea I had was a color based system (red, yellow, green, which I could base on more factors than just a single number)

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• Why is it still so hard to write software?

  - by nornagon

  Writing software, I find, is composed of two parts: the Idea, and the Implementation. The Idea is about thinking: "I have this problem; how do I solve it?" and further, "how do I solve it elegantly?" The answers to these questions are obtainable by thinking about algorithms and architecture. The ideas come partially through analysis and partially through insight and intuition. The Idea is usually the easy part. You talk to your friends and co-workers and you nut it out in a meeting or over coffee. It takes an hour or two, plus revisions as you implement and find new problems. The Implementation phase of software development is so difficult that we joke about it. "Oh," we say, "the rest is a Simple Matter of Code." Because it should be simple, but it never is. We used to write our code on punch cards, and that was hard: mistakes were very difficult to spot, so we had to spend extra effort making sure every line was perfect. Then we had serial terminals: we could see all our code at once, search through it, organise it hierarchically and create things abstracted from raw machine code. First we had assemblers, one level up from machine code. Mnemonics freed us from remembering the machine code. Then we had compilers, which freed us from remembering the instructions. We had virtual machines, which let us step away from machine-specific details. And now we have advanced tools like Eclipse and Xcode that perform analysis on our code to help us write code faster and avoid common pitfalls. But writing code is still hard. Writing code is about understanding large, complex systems, and tools we have today simply don't go very far to help us with that. When I click "find all references" in Eclipse, I get a list of them at the bottom of the window. I click on one, and I'm torn away from what I was looking at, forced to context switch. Java architecture is usually several levels deep, so I have to switch and switch and switch until I find what I'm really looking for -- by which time I've forgotten where I came from. And I do that all day until I've understood a system. It's taxing mentally, and Eclipse doesn't do much that couldn't be done in 1985 with grep, except eat hundreds of megs of RAM. Writing code has barely changed since we were staring at amber on black. We have the theoretical groundwork for much more advanced tools, tools that actually work to help us comprehend and extend the complex systems we work with every day. So why is writing code still so hard?

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• bin_at in dlmalloc

  - by chunhui

  In glibc malloc.c or dlmalloc It said "repositioning tricks"As in blew, and use this trick in bin_at. bins is a array,the space is allocated when av(struct malloc_state) is allocated.doesn't it? the sizeof(bin[i]) is less then sizeof(struct malloc_chunk*)? Who can describe this trick for me? I can't understand the bin_at macro.why they get the bins address use this method?how it works? Very thanks,and sorry for my poor English. /* To simplify use in double-linked lists, each bin header acts as a malloc_chunk. This avoids special-casing for headers. But to conserve space and improve locality, we allocate only the fd/bk pointers of bins, and then use repositioning tricks to treat these as the fields of a malloc_chunk*. */ typedef struct malloc_chunk* mbinptr; /* addressing -- note that bin_at(0) does not exist */ #define bin_at(m, i) \ (mbinptr) (((char *) &((m)->bins[((i) - 1) * 2])) \ - offsetof (struct malloc_chunk, fd)) The malloc_chunk struct like this: struct malloc_chunk { INTERNAL_SIZE_T prev_size; /* Size of previous chunk (if free). */ INTERNAL_SIZE_T size; /* Size in bytes, including overhead. */ struct malloc_chunk* fd; /* double links -- used only if free. */ struct malloc_chunk* bk; /* Only used for large blocks: pointer to next larger size. */ struct malloc_chunk* fd_nextsize; /* double links -- used only if free. */ struct malloc_chunk* bk_nextsize; }; And the bin type like this: typedef struct malloc_chunk* mbinptr; struct malloc_state { /* Serialize access. */ mutex_t mutex; /* Flags (formerly in max_fast). */ int flags; #if THREAD_STATS /* Statistics for locking. Only used if THREAD_STATS is defined. */ long stat_lock_direct, stat_lock_loop, stat_lock_wait; #endif /* Fastbins */ mfastbinptr fastbinsY[NFASTBINS]; /* Base of the topmost chunk -- not otherwise kept in a bin */ mchunkptr top; /* The remainder from the most recent split of a small request */ mchunkptr last_remainder; /* Normal bins packed as described above */ mchunkptr bins[NBINS * 2 - 2]; /* Bitmap of bins */ unsigned int binmap[BINMAPSIZE]; /* Linked list */ struct malloc_state *next; #ifdef PER_THREAD /* Linked list for free arenas. */ struct malloc_state *next_free; #endif /* Memory allocated from the system in this arena. */ INTERNAL_SIZE_T system_mem; INTERNAL_SIZE_T max_system_mem; };

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• R glm standard error estimate differences to SAS PROC GENMOD

  - by Michelle

  I am converting a SAS PROC GENMOD example into R, using glm in R. The SAS code was: proc genmod data=data0 namelen=30; model boxcoxy=boxcoxxy ~ AGEGRP4 + AGEGRP5 + AGEGRP6 + AGEGRP7 + AGEGRP8 + RACE1 + RACE3 + WEEKEND + SEQ/dist=normal; FREQ REPLICATE_VAR; run; My R code is: parmsg2 <- glm(boxcoxxy ~ AGEGRP4 + AGEGRP5 + AGEGRP6 + AGEGRP7 + AGEGRP8 + RACE1 + RACE3 + WEEKEND + SEQ , data=data0, family=gaussian, weights = REPLICATE_VAR) When I use summary(parmsg2) I get the same coefficient estimates as in SAS, but my standard errors are wildly different. The summary output from SAS is: Name df Estimate StdErr LowerWaldCL UpperWaldCL ChiSq ProbChiSq Intercept 1 6.5007436 .00078884 6.4991975 6.5022897 67911982 0 agegrp4 1 .64607262 .00105425 .64400633 .64813891 375556.79 0 agegrp5 1 .4191395 .00089722 .41738099 .42089802 218233.76 0 agegrp6 1 -.22518765 .00083118 -.22681672 -.22355857 73401.113 0 agegrp7 1 -1.7445189 .00087569 -1.7462352 -1.7428026 3968762.2 0 agegrp8 1 -2.2908855 .00109766 -2.2930369 -2.2887342 4355849.4 0 race1 1 -.13454883 .00080672 -.13612997 -.13296769 27817.29 0 race3 1 -.20607036 .00070966 -.20746127 -.20467944 84319.131 0 weekend 1 .0327884 .00044731 .0319117 .03366511 5373.1931 0 seq2 1 -.47509583 .00047337 -.47602363 -.47416804 1007291.3 0 Scale 1 2.9328613 .00015586 2.9325559 2.9331668 -127 The summary output from R is: Coefficients: Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|) (Intercept) 6.50074 0.10354 62.785 < 2e-16 AGEGRP4 0.64607 0.13838 4.669 3.07e-06 AGEGRP5 0.41914 0.11776 3.559 0.000374 AGEGRP6 -0.22519 0.10910 -2.064 0.039031 AGEGRP7 -1.74452 0.11494 -15.178 < 2e-16 AGEGRP8 -2.29089 0.14407 -15.901 < 2e-16 RACE1 -0.13455 0.10589 -1.271 0.203865 RACE3 -0.20607 0.09315 -2.212 0.026967 WEEKEND 0.03279 0.05871 0.558 0.576535 SEQ -0.47510 0.06213 -7.646 2.25e-14 The importance of the difference in the standard errors is that the SAS coefficients are all statistically significant, but the RACE1 and WEEKEND coefficients in the R output are not. I have found a formula to calculate the Wald confidence intervals in R, but this is pointless given the difference in the standard errors, as I will not get the same results. Apparently SAS uses a ridge-stabilized Newton-Raphson algorithm for its estimates, which are ML. The information I read about the glm function in R is that the results should be equivalent to ML. What can I do to change my estimation procedure in R so that I get the equivalent coefficents and standard error estimates that were produced in SAS? To update, thanks to Spacedman's answer, I used weights because the data are from individuals in a dietary survey, and REPLICATE_VAR is a balanced repeated replication weight, that is an integer (and quite large, in the order of 1000s or 10000s). The website that describes the weight is here. I don't know why the FREQ rather than the WEIGHT command was used in SAS. I will now test by expanding the number of observations using REPLICATE_VAR and rerunning the analysis.

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• Blob object not working properly even though the class is seralized

  - by GustlyWind

  I have class which is seralized and does convert a very large amount of data object to blob to save it to database.In the same class there is decode method to convert blob to the actual object.Following is the code for encode and decode of the object. private byte[] encode(ScheduledReport schedSTDReport) { byte[] bytes = null; try { ByteArrayOutputStream bos = new ByteArrayOutputStream(); ObjectOutputStream oos = new ObjectOutputStream(bos); oos.writeObject(schedSTDReport); oos.flush(); oos.close(); bos.close(); //byte [] data = bos.toByteArray(); //ByteArrayOutputStream baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream(); //GZIPOutputStream out = new GZIPOutputStream(baos); //XMLEncoder encoder = new XMLEncoder(out); //encoder.writeObject(schedSTDReport); //encoder.close(); bytes = bos.toByteArray(); //GZIPOutputStream out = new GZIPOutputStream(bos); //out.write(bytes); //bytes = bos.toByteArray(); } catch (Exception e) { _log.error("Exception caught while encoding/zipping Scheduled STDReport", e); } decode(bytes); return bytes; } /* * Decode the report definition blob back to the * ScheduledReport object. */ private ScheduledReport decode(byte[] bytes) { ByteArrayInputStream bais = new ByteArrayInputStream(bytes); ScheduledReport sSTDR = null; try { ObjectInputStream ois = new ObjectInputStream(bais); //GZIPInputStream in = new GZIPInputStream(bais); //XMLDecoder decoder = new XMLDecoder(in); sSTDR = (ScheduledReport)ois.readObject();//decoder.readObject(); //decoder.close(); } catch (Exception e) { _log.error("IOException caught while decoding/unzipping Scheduled STDReport", e); } return sSTDR; } The problem here is whenver I change something else in this class means any other method,a new class version is created and so the new version the class is unable to decode the originally encoded blob object. The object which I am passing for encode is also seralized object but this problem exists. Any ideas thanks

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• How to display part of an image for the specific width and height?

  - by Brady Chu

  Recently I participated in a web project which has a huge large of images to handle and display on web page, we know that the width and height of images end users uploaded cannot be control easily and then they are hard to display. At first, I attempted to zoom in/out the images to rearch an appropriate presentation, and I made it, but my boss is still not satisfied with my solution, the following is my way: var autoResizeImage = function(maxWidth, maxHeight, objImg) { var img = new Image(); img.src = objImg.src; img.onload = function() { var hRatio; var wRatio; var Ratio = 1; var w = img.width; var h = img.height; wRatio = maxWidth / w; hRatio = maxHeight / h; if (maxWidth == 0 && maxHeight == 0) { Ratio = 1; } else if (maxWidth == 0) { if (hRatio < 1) { Ratio = hRatio; } } else if (maxHeight == 0) { if (wRatio < 1) { Ratio = wRatio; } } else if (wRatio < 1 || hRatio < 1) { Ratio = (wRatio <= hRatio ? wRatio : hRatio); } if (Ratio < 1) { w = w * Ratio; h = h * Ratio; } w = w <= 0 ? 250 : w; h = h <= 0 ? 370 : h; objImg.height = h; objImg.width = w; }; }; This way is only intended to limit the max width and height for the image so that every image in album still has different width and height which are still very urgly. And right at this minute, I know we can create a DIV and use the image as its background image, this way is too complicated and not direct I don't want to take. So I's wondering whether there is a better way to display images with the fixed width and height without presentation distortion? Thanks.

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• CakePHP HABTM: Editing one item casuses HABTM row to get recreated, destroys extra data

  - by leo-the-manic

  I'm having trouble with my HABTM relationship in CakePHP. I have two models like so: Department HABTM Location. One large company has many buildings, and each building provides a limited number of services. Each building also has its own webpage, so in addition to the HABTM relationship itself, each HABTM row also has a url field where the user can visit to find additional information about the service they're interested and how it operates at the building they're interested in. I've set up the models like so: <?php class Location extends AppModel { var $name = 'Location'; var $hasAndBelongsToMany = array( 'Department' => array( 'with' => 'DepartmentsLocation', 'unique' => true ) ); } ?> <?php class Department extends AppModel { var $name = 'Department'; var $hasAndBelongsToMany = array( 'Location' => array( 'with' => 'DepartmentsLocation', 'unique' => true ) ); } ?> <?php class DepartmentsLocation extends AppModel { var $name = 'DepartmentsLocation'; var $belongsTo = array( 'Department', 'Location' ); // I'm pretty sure this method is unrelated. It's not being called when this error // occurs. Its purpose is to prevent having two HABTM rows with the same location // and department. function beforeSave() { // kill any existing rows with same associations $this->log(__FILE__ . ": killing existing HABTM rows", LOG_DEBUG); $result = $this->find('all', array("conditions" => array("location_id" => $this->data['DepartmentsLocation']['location_id'], "department_id" => $this->data['DepartmentsLocation']['department_id']))); foreach($result as $row) { $this->delete($row['DepartmentsLocation']['id']); } return true; } } ?> The controllers are completely uninteresting. The problem: If I edit the name of a Location, all of the DepartmentsLocations that were linked to that Location are re-created with empty URLs. Since the models specify that unique is true, this also causes all of the newer rows to overwrite the older rows, which essentially destroys all of the URLs. I would like to know two things: Can I stop this? If so, how? And, on a less technical and more whiney note: Why does this even happen? It seems bizarre to me that editing a field through Cake should cause so much trouble, when I can easily go through phpMyAdmin, edit the Location name there, and get exactly the result I would expect. Why does CakePHP touch the HABTM data when I'm just editing a field on a row? It's not even a foreign key!

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• How are you using IronPython?

  - by Will Dean

  I'm keen to drink some modern dynamic language koolaid, so I've believed all the stuff on Michael Foord's blog and podcasts, I've bought his book (and read some of it), and I added an embedded IPy runtime to a large existing app a year or so ago (though that was for someone else and I didn't really use it myself). Now I need to do some fairly simple code generation stuff, where I'm going to call a few methods on a few .net objects (custom, C#-authored objects), create a few strings, write some files, etc. The experience of trying this leaves me feeling like the little boy who thinks he's the only one who can see that The Emperor has no clothes on. If you're using IronPython, I'd really appreciate knowing how you deal with the following aspects of it: Code editing - do you use the .NET framework without Intellisense? Refactoring - I know a load of 'refactoring' is about working around language-related busywork, so if Python is sufficiently lightweight then we won't need that, But things like renames seem to me to be essential to iteratively developing quality code regardless of language. Crippling startup time - One of the things which is supposed to be good about interpreted languages is the lack of compile time leading to fast interactive development. Unfortunately I can compile a C# application and launch it quicker than IPy can start up. Interactive hacking - the IPy console/repl is supposed to be good for this, but I haven't found a good way to take the code you've interactively arrived at and persist it into a file - cut and paste from the console is fairly miserable. And the console seems to hold references to .NET assemblies you've imported, so you have to quit it and restart it if you're working on the C# stuff as well. Hacking on C# in something like LinqPad seems a much faster and easier way to try things out (and has proper Intellisense). Do you use the console? Debugging - what's the story here? I know someone on the IPy team is working on a command-line hobby-project, but let's just say I'm not immediately attracted to a command line debugger. I don't really need a debugger from little Python scripts, but I would if I were to use IPy for scripting unit tests, for example. Unit testing - I can see that dynamic languages could be great for this, but is there any IDE test-runner integration (like for Resharper, etc). The Foord book has a chapter about this, which I'll admit I have not yet read properly, but it does seem to involve driving a console-mode test-runner from the command prompt, which feels to be an enormous step back from using an integrated test runner like TestDriven.net or Resharper. I really want to believe in this stuff, so I am still working on the assumption that I've missed something. I would really like to know how other people are dealing with IPy, particularly if they're doing it in a way which doesn't feel like we've just lost 15 years'-worth of tool development.

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• Read variable-length records from a buffer - weird memory issues

  - by bsg

  Hi, I'm trying to implement an i/o intensive quicksort (C++ qsort) on a very large dataset. In the interests of speed, I'd like to read in a chunk of data at a time into a buffer and then use qsort to sort it inside the buffer. (I am currently working with text files but would like to move to binary soon.) However, my data is composed of variable-length records, and qsort needs to be told the length of the record in order to sort. Is there any way to standardize this? The only thing I could think of was rather convoluted: my program currently reads from the buffer until it hits a linefeed character ('10' in ascii), transferring each character over to another array. When it finds a linefeed (the delimiter in the input file), it fills the number of spaces remaining in the buffer for that record (record size is set to 30) with null characters. This way, I should end up with a buffer full of fixed-size records to give qsort. I know there are several problems with my approach, one being that it's just clumsy, another that the record size might conceivably be larger than 30, but is generally much less. Is there a better way of doing this? As well, my current code doesn't even work. When I debug it, it seems to be transferring characters from one buffer to the other, but when I try to print out the buffer, it contains only the first record. Here is my code: FILE *fp; unsigned char *buff; unsigned char *realbuff; FILE *inputFiles[NUM_INPUT_FILES]; buff = (unsigned char *) malloc(2048); realbuff = (unsigned char *) malloc(NUM_RECORDS * RECORD_SIZE); fp = fopen("postings0.txt", "r"); if(fp) { fread(buff, 1, 2048, fp); /*for(int i=0; i <30; i++) cout << buff[i] <<endl;*/ int y=0; int recordcounter = 0; //cout << buff; for(int i=0;i <100; i++) { if(buff[i] != char(10)) { realbuff[y] = buff[i]; y++; recordcounter++; } else { if(recordcounter < RECORD_SIZE) for(int j=recordcounter; j < RECORD_SIZE;j++) { realbuff[y] = char(0); y++; } recordcounter = 0; } } cout << realbuff <<endl; cout << buff; } else cout << "sorry"; Thank you very much, bsg

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• Javascript function variables being validated before function called by Internet Explorer

  - by CodingIsAwesome

  When my page loads it calls the function like below: <body onLoad='changeTDNodes()'> And the code it calls is below: function applyThresholds(myvalue, mycell) { var threshold = 10; if (myvalue.innerHTML >= threshold) { //mycell.style.setAttribute('cssText','font-size:x-large;'); mycell.setAttribute('bgColor','red'); } else { mycell.setAttribute('bgColor','green'); } } function changeTDNodes() { // there can be many 'td' elements; just return the nth element var RepairVideo_cell_value = document.getElementsByTagName('B')[21]; var RepairVideo_cell = document.getElementsByTagName('td')[16]; var PPV_cell_value = document.getElementsByTagName('B')[6]; var PPV_cell = document.getElementsByTagName('td')[1]; var LeadRepair_cell_value = document.getElementsByTagName('B')[11]; var LeadRepair_cell = document.getElementsByTagName('td')[6]; var LeadTier_cell_value = document.getElementsByTagName('B')[16]; var LeadTier_cell = document.getElementsByTagName('td')[11]; var CHSI_cell_value = document.getElementsByTagName('B')[26]; var CHSI_cell = document.getElementsByTagName('td')[21]; var HN_cell_value = document.getElementsByTagName('B')[31]; var HN_cell = document.getElementsByTagName('td')[26]; var CDV_cell_value = document.getElementsByTagName('B')[36]; var CDV_cell = document.getElementsByTagName('td')[31]; var CommOps_cell_value = document.getElementsByTagName('B')[42]; var CommOps_cell = document.getElementsByTagName('td')[36]; applyThresholds(PPV_cell_value, PPV_cell); applyThresholds(LeadRepair_cell_value, LeadRepair_cell); applyThresholds(LeadTier_cell_value, LeadTier_cell); applyThresholds(RepairVideo_cell_value, RepairVideo_cell); applyThresholds(CHSI_cell_value, CHSI_cell); applyThresholds(HN_cell_value, HN_cell); applyThresholds(CDV_cell_value, CDV_cell); applyThresholds(CommOps_cell_value, CommOps_cell); } Although the code executes succssfully, in the bottom corner of internet explorer the error shows as: Line: 12 Char: 1 Error: 'innerHTML' is null or not an object Code: 0 Yet if I move the applyThresholds function below the changeTDNodes function, the changeTDNodes functions complains that there is no such thing as the applyThresholds function. What am I doing wrong here? Thanks for all your help!

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• Write Scheme data structures so they can be eval-d back in, or alternative

  - by Jesse Millikan

  I'm writing an application (A juggling pattern animator) in PLT Scheme that accepts Scheme expressions as values for some fields. I'm attempting to write a small text editor that will let me "explode" expressions into expressions that can still be eval'd but contain the data as literals for manual tweaking. For example, (4hss->sexp "747") is a function call that generates a legitimate pattern. If I eval and print that, it becomes (((7 3) - - -) (- - (4 2) -) (- (7 2) - -) (- - - (7 1)) ((4 0) - - -) (- - (7 0) -) (- (7 2) - -) (- - - (4 3)) ((7 3) - - -) (- - (7 0) -) (- (4 1) - -) (- - - (7 1))) which can be "read" as a string, but will not "eval" the same as the function. For this statement, of course, what I need would be as simple as (quote (((7 3... but other examples are non-trivial. This one, for example, contains structs which print as vectors: pair-of-jugglers ; --> (#(struct:hand #(struct:position -0.35 2.0 1.0) #(struct:position -0.6 2.05 1.1) 1.832595714594046) #(struct:hand #(struct:position 0.35 2.0 1.0) #(struct:position 0.6 2.0500000000000003 1.1) 1.308996938995747) #(struct:hand #(struct:position 0.35 -2.0 1.0) #(struct:position 0.6 -2.05 1.1) -1.3089969389957472) #(struct:hand #(struct:position -0.35 -2.0 1.0) #(struct:position -0.6 -2.05 1.1) -1.8325957145940461)) I've thought of at least three possible solutions, none of which I like very much. Solution A is to write a recursive eval-able output function myself for a reasonably large subset of the values that I might be using. There (probably...) won't be any circular references by the nature of the data structures used, so that wouldn't be such a long job. The output would end up looking like `(((3 0) (... ; ex 1 `(,(make-hand (make-position ... ; ex 2 Or even worse if I could't figure out how to do it properly with quasiquoting. Solution B would be to write out everything as (read (open-input-string "(big-long-s-expression)")) which, technically, solves the problem I'm bringing up but is... ugly. Solution C might be a different approach of giving up eval and using only read for parsing input, or an uglier approach where the s-expression is used as directly data if eval fails, but those both seem unpleasant compared to using scheme values directly. Undiscovered Solution D would be a PLT Scheme option, function or library I haven't located that would match Solution A. Help me out before I start having bad recursion dreams again.

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• Can parser combination be made efficient?

  - by Jon Harrop

  Around 6 years ago, I benchmarked my own parser combinators in OCaml and found that they were ~5× slower than the parser generators on offer at the time. I recently revisited this subject and benchmarked Haskell's Parsec vs a simple hand-rolled precedence climbing parser written in F# and was surprised to find the F# to be 25× faster than the Haskell. Here's the Haskell code I used to read a large mathematical expression from file, parse and evaluate it: import Control.Applicative import Text.Parsec hiding ((<|>)) expr = chainl1 term ((+) <$ char '+' <|> (-) <$ char '-') term = chainl1 fact ((*) <$ char '*' <|> div <$ char '/') fact = read <$> many1 digit <|> char '(' *> expr <* char ')' eval :: String -> Int eval = either (error . show) id . parse expr "" . filter (/= ' ') main :: IO () main = do file <- readFile "expr" putStr $ show $ eval file putStr "\n" and here's my self-contained precedence climbing parser in F#: let rec (|Expr|) (P(f, xs)) = Expr(loop (' ', f, xs)) and shift oop f op (P(g, xs)) = let h, xs = loop (op, g, xs) loop (oop, f h, xs) and loop = function | ' ' as oop, f, ('+' | '-' as op)::P(g, xs) | (' ' | '+' | '-' as oop), f, ('*' | '/' as op)::P(g, xs) | oop, f, ('^' as op)::P(g, xs) -> let h, xs = loop (op, g, xs) let op = match op with | '+' -> (+) | '-' -> (-) | '*' -> (*) | '/' -> (/) | '^' -> pown loop (oop, op f h, xs) | _, f, xs -> f, xs and (|P|) = function | '-'::P(f, xs) -> let f, xs = loop ('~', f, xs) P(-f, xs) | '('::Expr(f, ')'::xs) -> P(f, xs) | c::xs when '0' <= c && c <= '9' -> P(int(string c), xs) My impression is that even state-of-the-art parser combinators waste a lot of time back tracking. Is that correct? If so, is it possible to write parser combinators that generate state machines to obtain competitive performance or is it necessary to use code generation?

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• CSS3's border-radius property and border-collapse:collapse don't mix. How can I use border-radius to

  - by vamin

  Edit - Original Title: Is there an alternative way to achieve border-collapse:collapse in CSS (in order to have a collapsed, rounded corner table)? Since it turns out that simply getting the table's borders to collapse does not solve the root problem, I have updated the title to better reflect the discussion. I am trying to make a table with rounded corners using the CSS3 border-radius property. The table styles I'm using look something like this: table { -moz-border-radius:10px; -webkit-border-radius:10px; border-radius:10px} Here's the problem. I also want to set the border-collapse:collapse property, and when that is set border-radius no longer works (at least in Firefox)(edit- I thought this might just be a difference in mozilla's implementation, but it turns out this is the way it's supposed to work according to the w3c). Is there a CSS-based way I can get the same effect as border-collapse:collapse without actually using it? Edits: I've made a simple page to demonstrate the problem here (Firefox/Safari only). It seems that a large part of the problem is that setting the table to have rounded corners does not affect the corners of the corner td elements. If the table was all one color, this wouldn't be a problem since I could just make the top and bottom td corners rounded for the first and last row respectively. However, I am using different background colors for the table to differentiate the headings and for striping, so the inner td elements would show their rounded corners as well. Summary of proposed solutions: Surrounding the table with another element with round corners doesn't work because the table's square corners "bleed through." Specifying border width to 0 doesn't collapse the table. Bottom td corners still square after setting cellspacing to zero. Using javascript instead- works by avoiding the problem. Possible solutions: The tables are generated in php, so I could just apply a different class to each of the outer th/tds and style each corner separately. I'd rather not do this, since it's not very elegant and a bit of a pain to apply to multiple tables, so please keep suggestions coming. Possible solution 2 is to use javascript (jQuery, specifically) to style the corners. This solution also works, but still not quite what I'm looking for (I know I'm picky). I have two reservations: 1) this is a very lightweight site, and I'd like to keep javascript to the barest minimum 2) part of the appeal that using border-radius has for me is graceful degradation and progressive enhancement. By using border-radius for all rounded corners, I hope to have a consistently rounded site in CSS3-capable browsers and a consistently square site in others (I'm looking at you, IE). I know that trying to do this with CSS3 today may seem needless, but I have my reasons. I would also like to point out that this problem is a result of the w3c speficication, not poor CSS3 support, so any solution will still be relevant and useful when CSS3 has more widespread support.

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• How do we, as a community, help encourage programming in public schools? (Or state Schools for the U

  - by NoMoreZealots

  PRIMARY MOTIVATION My office gets involved with the "First Robotics" competitions and one thing that lingers year to year is the students typically have no preparation for doing even simple programming as part of the public schools system. While the science classes provide some basic grasp of mechanical and electrical concepts, by in large computer programming gets no coverage from the curriculum. (This my be different in other areas of the country/world.) What makes it worse is there is only a short period of time you have to prepare the student's and help them design the robot. Talking to some professors from local colleges, it's a problem because you can't assume even the most basic understanding for freshman CS majors. Languages like Python, Lua and BASIC are simple enough for at least high school level students, if not younger. SCOPE So how do you get public schools to support a programming, at least to the level of "Try it in BASIC" examples that used to be at the end of a chapter in my Algebra book? At least enough to prepare them for event's such as the FIRST Robotic competitions. Which the primary objectives are to teach problem solving and team work, and to possible foster an interest in Math, Science and Engineering in general. (Not force feed to them, as some people her seem to be implying.) Edit: Why teach kids: (Since 2000 CS enrollment in US colleges has decreased by 70% while college enrollment has increased, this is a PROBLEM.) Saying there is no value in teaching someone programming in Jr./High school because they might think "they know programming." Is like saying there's no value in teaching High school science and physics, because they might decide they "know physics." Leading to abuse like: "I passed a high school physics class, I'm going to develop a Unified Quantum Gravitational Theory." Better Prepared students are better students. Instead it would allows college programs to raise the bar on the entry level courses, allowing students to be weeded out based on their understanding of more advanced material. Plus people who did poorly in that in topic in High school aren't as likely to say "I think there's money in computer's so I'll computer science." Plus if people take it in high school and decide THEN that it's not for them, it's better than them wasting their money to PAY a college to figure that out. The result is that people who take the degree are more likely to succeed and be there for the RIGHT reasons. (i.e. It's what they REALLY want to do. And that's REALLY the key to being good at anything.) Programming is like anything else, the more practice and genuine interest you have the better you get. If you start them later, they get less practice. The earlier give them the opportunity to start, the more practice they will get. All other things equal, the more practice the better the programmer.

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• Turning off ASP.Net WebForms authentication for one sub-directory

  - by Keith

  I have a large enterprise application containing both WebForms and MVC pages. It has existing authentication and authorisation settings that I don't want to change. The WebForms authentication is configured in the web.config: <authentication mode="Forms"> <forms blah... blah... blah /> </authentication> <authorization> <deny users="?" /> </authorization> Fairly standard so far. I have a REST service that is part of this big application and I want to use HTTP authentication instead for this one service. So, when a user attempts to get JSON data from the REST service it returns an HTTP 401 status and a WWW-Authenticate header. If they respond with a correctly formed HTTP Authorization response it lets them in. The problem is that WebForms overrides this at a low level - if you return 401 (Unauthorised) it overrides that with a 302 (redirection to login page). That's fine in the browser but useless for a REST service. I want to turn off the authentication setting in the web.config: <location path="rest"> <system.web> <authentication mode="None" /> <authorization><allow users="?" /></authorization> </system.web> </location> The authorisation bit works fine, but when I try to change the authentication I get an exception: It is an error to use a section registered as allowDefinition='MachineToApplication' beyond application level. I'm configuring this at application level though - it's in the root web.config How do I override the authentication so that all of the rest of the site uses WebForms authentication and this one directory uses none? This is similar to another question: 401 response code for json requests with ASP.NET MVC, but I'm not looking for the same solution - I don't want to just remove the WebForms authentication and add new custom code globally, there's far to much risk and work involved. I want to change just the one directory in configuration.

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• A continued saga of C# interoprability with unmanaged C++

  - by Gilad

  After a day of banging my head against the wall both literally and metaphorically, I plead for help: I have an unmanaged C++ project, which is compiled as a DLL. Let's call it CPP Project. It currently works in an unmanaged environment. In addition, I have created a WPF project, that shall be called WPF Project. This project is a simple and currently almost empty project. It contains a single window and I want it to use code from Project 1. For that, I have created a CLR C++ project, which shall be called Interop Project and is also compiled as a DLL. For simplicity I will attach some basic testing code I have boiled down to the basics. CPP Project has the following two testing files: tester.h #pragma once extern "C" class __declspec(dllexport) NativeTester { public: void NativeTest(); }; tester.cpp #include "tester.h" void NativeTester::NativeTest() { int i = 0; } Interop Project has the following file: InteropLib.h #pragma once #include <tester.h> using namespace System; namespace InteropLib { public ref class InteropProject { public: static void Test() { NativeTester nativeTester; nativeTester.NativeTest(); } }; } Lastly, WPF Project has a single window refrencing Interop Project: MainWindow.xaml.cs using System; using System.Windows; using InteropLib; namespace AppGUI { public partial class MainWindow : Window { public MainWindow() { InitializeComponent(); InteropProject.Test(); } } } And the XAML itself has an empty window (default created). Once I am trying to run the WPF project, I get the following error: System.Windows.Markup.XamlParseException: 'The invocation of the constructor on type 'AppGUI.MainWindow' that matches the specified binding constraints threw an exception.' Line number '3' and line position '9'. --- System.IO.FileNotFoundException: Could not load file or assembly 'InteropLib.dll' or one of its dependencies. The specified module could not be found. at AppGUI.MainWindow..ctor() Interestingly enough, if I do not export the class from CPP Project, I do not get this error. Say, if i change tester.h to: #pragma once class NativeTester { public: void NativeTest() { int i = 0; } }; However, in this case I cannot use my more complex classes. If I move my implementation to a cpp file like before, I get unresolved linkage errors due to my not exporting my code. The C++ code I want to actually use is large and has many classes and is object oriented, so I can't just move all my implementation to the h files. Please help me understand this horrific error I've been trying resolve without success. Thanks.

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