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• How to handle sh: fetch: command not found

  - by Tyler Johnson

  Okay, I'm a noobie. I know how to build and compose a website, but I have no idea what I'm doing when it comes to servers and server commands, etc. I've recently had a problem with all of my sites on our servers going down all at once and then I have to go in and reboot the server for them to come up again. At first this was annoying, but now it is becoming agonizing as it now takes 3-4 reboots for the websites to come back up. I contacted support for my hosting, but they are not being very helpful. They just keep telling me what the issue might be and basically telling me that I'm going to have to look into it and figure it out, which really isn't possible since I know nothing. Anyway, here are the things they said were possible reasons: They said I have "strange logs" in my Apache webserver log, error: sh: fetch: command not found. My php.ini memory limit is: 256M which is very high. It should be 32M or 64M. Server is reaching Max Clients, meaning we have more than 150 visitors at a time. (They supposedly "fixed" this, but the sites/server are still going down) I have some Wordpress sites with plugins getting errors like: PHP Warning: pack(): Type H: illegal hex digit G in... PHP Fatal error: Cannot use object of type stdClass as array in... PHP Fatal error: Maximum execution time of 30 seconds exceeded in... PHP Fatal error: Call to undefined function file_exists() in... PHP Parse error: syntax error, unexpected '<' I know that's a lot, but I really am at wits end and have no idea what to do now. If anyone could maybe give me some advice or point me in the right direction I would greatly appreciate it! Thanks! Oh, and here are the specs for my server: RAM: 2048MB CPU Shares: 40 Primary Disk: 50GB Data Transfer: 75GB Port Speed: 5Mbps

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• Most scalable way of serving a small set of static HTTP content

  - by Ekevoo

  The story: Hi guys. I'm among the people responsible for serving the results of the most anticipated (by number of people participating) annual entrance exam in my state. As such, when our results are published, the interest is overwhelming. In the past we delegated the responsibility of serving the results to the media, but that spoils a little the officialness of these results. This year we went with a little (long overdue) experiment of using lighttpd instead of Apache as well as other physical network optimizations I wasn't directly involved with. The results were very satisfactory. The server didn't choke even once, nor we saw any of the usual Twitter complaints on unavailability and/or slowness that were previously common. However, because we still delegated the first publication of the results to the media I'm still not 100% sure we can handle the load of actually publishing the results first. The question: Now because these files are like 14MB in total and a true lightweight Linux distribution isn't that big either, I'm thinking: what if next year we run full RAMdrive? Is there any? Is that useful? Is that worth it for a team that uses Debian almost exclusively? Are there other optimizations that I should be focusing on instead?

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• How do I Install Intermediate Certificates (in AWS)?

  - by getmizanur

  I have installed private key (pem encoded) and public key certificate (pem encoded) on Amazon Load Balancer. However, when I check the SSL with site test tool, I get the following error: Error while checking the SSL Certificate!! Unable to get the local issuer of the certificate. The issuer of a locally looked up certificate could not be found. Normally this indicates that not all intermediate certificates are installed on the server. I converted crt file to pem using these commands from this tutorial: openssl x509 -in input.crt -out input.der -outform DER openssl x509 -in input.der -inform DER -out output.pem -outform PEM During setup of Amazon Load Balancer, the only option I left out was certificate chain. (pem encoded) However, this was optional. Could this be cause of my issue? And if so; How do I create certificate chain? UPDATE If you make request to VeriSign they will give you a certificate chain. This chain includes public crt, intermediate crt and root crt. Make sure to remove the public crt from your certificate chain (which is the top most certificate) before adding it to your certification chain box of your Amazon Load Balancer. If you are making HTTPS requests from an Android app, then above instruction may not work for older Android OS such as 2.1 and 2.2. To make it work on older Android OS: go here click on "retail ssl" tab and then click on "secure site" "CA Bundle for Apache Server" copy and past these intermediate certs into certificate chain box. just incase if you have not found it here is the direct link. If you are using geo trust certificates then the solution is much the same for Android devices, however, you need to copy and paste their intermediate certs for Android.

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• Why am I getting this error in the logs?

  - by Matt

  Ok so I just started a new ubuntu server 11.10 and i added the vhost and all seems ok ...I also restarted apache but when i visit the browser i get a blank page the server ip is http://23.21.197.126/ but when i tail the log tail -f /var/log/apache2/error.log [Wed Feb 01 02:19:20 2012] [error] [client 208.104.53.51] File does not exist: /etc/apache2/htdocs [Wed Feb 01 02:19:24 2012] [error] [client 208.104.53.51] File does not exist: /etc/apache2/htdocs but my only file in sites-enabled is this <VirtualHost 23.21.197.126:80> ServerAdmin [email protected] ServerName logicxl.com # ServerAlias DocumentRoot /srv/crm/current/public ErrorLog /srv/crm/logs/error.log <Directory "/srv/crm/current/public"> Order allow,deny Allow from all </Directory> </VirtualHost> is there something i am missing .....the document root should be /srv/crm/current/public and not /etc/apache2/htdocs as the error suggests Any ideas on how to fix this UPDATE sudo apache2ctl -S VirtualHost configuration: 23.21.197.126:80 is a NameVirtualHost default server logicxl.com (/etc/apache2/sites-enabled/crm:1) port 80 namevhost logicxl.com (/etc/apache2/sites-enabled/crm:1) Syntax OK UPDATE <VirtualHost *:80> ServerAdmin [email protected] ServerName logicxl.com DocumentRoot /srv/crm/current/public <Directory /> Options FollowSymLinks AllowOverride None </Directory> <Directory /srv/crm/current/public/> Options Indexes FollowSymLinks MultiViews AllowOverride None Order allow,deny allow from all </Directory> ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.log # Possible values include: debug, info, notice, warn, error, crit, # alert, emerg. LogLevel warn CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/access.log combined </VirtualHost>

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• What kind of server attacks should i be aware of nowadays

  - by Saif Bechan

  I am recently running a web server, and there is a lot of information online, but it can all be a little confusing. I recently opened my logwatch logs and saw that i get attacked a lot by all sorts of bots. Now I am interested in a list with things I definitely should be aware of nowadays, and possible ways to prevent them. I have read stories about server crashed by floods, crashed by email, and all sorts of crazy stuff. Thing I already did: I have recently blocked all my ports, except for the http and email ports. I disabled IPv6, this was giving me a lot of named errors I have turned on spam DNS blackhole lists to fight spam - sbl.spamhaus.org; - zen.spamhaus.org; - b.barracudacentral.org; I installed and configured mod_security2 on apache There is no remote access possible to my databases That is all i did so far, further I am not aware of any other threats. I want to know if the following things have to be protects. Can I be flooded by emails. How can i prevent this Can there be a break in or flood of my databses Are there things like http floods or whatever Are there any other things i should know before i go public with my server I also want to know if there is some kind of checklist with must-have security protections. I know the OWASP list for writing good web applications, is there something for configuring a server.

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• iptables to block non-VPN-traffic if not through tun0

  - by dacrow

  I have a dedicated Webserver running Debian 6 and some Apache, Tomcat, Asterisk and Mail-stuff. Now we needed to add VPN support for a special program. We installed OpenVPN and registered with a VPN provider. The connection works well and we have a virtual tun0 interface for tunneling. To archive the goal for only tunneling a single program through VPN, we start the program with sudo -u username -g groupname command and added a iptables rule to mark all traffic coming from groupname iptables -t mangle -A OUTPUT -m owner --gid-owner groupname -j MARK --set-mark 42 Afterwards we tell iptables to to some SNAT and tell ip route to use special routing table for marked traffic packets. Problem: if the VPN failes, there is a chance that the special to-be-tunneled program communicates over the normal eth0 interface. Desired solution: All marked traffic should not be allowed to go directly through eth0, it has to go through tun0 first. I tried the following commands which didn't work: iptables -A OUTPUT -m owner --gid-owner groupname ! -o tun0 -j REJECT iptables -A OUTPUT -m owner --gid-owner groupname -o eth0 -j REJECT It might be the problem, that the above iptable-rules didn't work due to the fact, that the packets are first marked, then put into tun0 and then transmitted by eth0 while they are still marked.. I don't know how to de-mark them after in tun0 or to tell iptables, that all marked packet may pass eth0, if they where in tun0 before or if they going to the gateway of my VPN provider. Does someone has any idea to a solution? Some config infos: iptables -nL -v --line-numbers -t mangle Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT 11M packets, 9798M bytes) num pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination 1 591K 50M MARK all -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 owner GID match 1005 MARK set 0x2a 2 82812 6938K CONNMARK all -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 owner GID match 1005 CONNMARK save iptables -nL -v --line-numbers -t nat Chain POSTROUTING (policy ACCEPT 393 packets, 23908 bytes) num pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination 1 15 1052 SNAT all -- * tun0 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 mark match 0x2a to:VPN_IP ip rule add from all fwmark 42 lookup 42 ip route show table 42 default via VPN_IP dev tun0

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• Home-made HTTP proxy server [closed]

  - by Martin Dimitrov

  I wanted to help a friend who has some restrictions at work to visit certain sites. Locally, on a Windows 7 machine, I run Apache server and decided to make it a proxy just for the IP of my friend. So I added the following to the configuration file: ProxyRequests On ProxyVia On <Proxy *> Order deny,allow Deny from all Allow from <his.ip> </Proxy> It worked fine. But shortly the proxy started to receive many requests of the form: 66.249.66.242 - - [22/Sep/2012:11:01:12 +0300] "GET /search?hl=en&lr=lang_en&as_qdr=all&ie=UTF-8&q=related:www.aarp.org/aarp-foundation/+allinurl:+foundation&tbo=1&sa=X&ei=BSy2T9L_L8PitQapwtHtBw&ved=0COQBEB8wPw HTTP/1.1" 403 208 66.249.71.36 - - [22/Sep/2012:11:01:49 +0300] "GET /search?hl=en&lr=lang_en&as_qdr=all&ie=UTF-8&q=related:www.aarp.org/aarp-foundation/+allinurl:+foundation&tbo=1&sa=X&ei=BOCzT-_WK8_0sgbki5XCDA&ved=0COABEB8wPg HTTP/1.1" 403 208 These are Google IPs. The requests are every 30 seconds or so. My friend is not at work today. In apache_error.log I see: [Sat Sep 22 11:09:20 2012] [error] [client 66.249.66.242] client denied by server configuration: C:/wamp/www/aclk [Sat Sep 22 11:09:47 2012] [error] [client 66.249.71.36] client denied by server configuration: C:/wamp/www/search What the hell is going on? Please, help.

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• cannot reach munin port on other AWS instance

  - by Amedee Van Gasse

  2 AWS instances, in the same region but different availability zones, one is in regular EC2 and the other is in VPC, both have an Elastic IP, both are 64bit Amazon Linux AMI 2014.03.1. Both are running munin-node. The instance in the VPC is running munin-cron. I have added incoming TCP and UDP port 4949 to the security groups of both instances. On the munin node, I added an allow-line with the IP address (regular expression) of the munin server to /etc/munin/munin-node.conf. I bind munin-node to any interface using host *. Then I did sudo service munin-node restart. Then I ran netstat. $ sudo netstat -at | grep munin tcp 0 0 *:munin *:* LISTEN So the port is open there. On the munin server AND on the munin node: $ nmap AMAZON-IP -p 80,4949 | grep tcp 80/tcp open http 4949/tcp closed munin On the munin node: $ nmap localhost -p 80,4949 | grep tcp 80/tcp open http 4949/tcp open munin So from the outside, the http port is open (Apache is running) but the munin port is closed. The node can't even reach the munin port on it's own public IP address, but it can on localhost. I added port 80 as a sanity check, to be sure that there is network connectivity at all. So what am I overlooking here?

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• How to install Predis

  - by user782860

  I am trying to install Predis, but keep getting a 500 Server errror. Here is what I have done. 1.) Have apache and php installed on Ubuntu Natty. 2.) Used the instructions on this page http://redis.io/download to download Redis. 3.) Ran the following example to confirm that Redis is working: $ src/redis-cli redis> set foo bar OK redis> get foo "bar" 4.) Have a local website at /home/user/Dropbox/documents/www/mywebsite.com/index.php and have confirmed that php is working. 5.) Downloaded the .zip version of Predis ( https://github.com/nrk/predis Version: v0.6.6-PHP5.2 ), and unzipped the contents to /home/user/Dropbox/documents/www/mywebsite.com/. So now Predis is here: /home/user/Dropbox/documents/www/mywebsite.com/nrk-predis-3bf1230/ 6.) Opened the /home/user/Dropbox/documents/www/mywebsite.com/index.php page. Here is its contents: <? define("PREDIS_BASE_PATH", "nrk-predis-3bf1230/lib/"); spl_autoload_register(function($class) { $file = PREDIS_BASE_PATH.strtr($class, '\\', '/').'.php'; if (file_exists($file)) { require $file; return true; } }); $redis = new Predis_Client(); $redis->set('foo', 'bar'); $value = $redis->get('foo'); ?> I have tried changing: $redis = new Predis_Client(); to: $redis = new Predis\Client(); Have tried changing the the PREDIS_BASE_PATH to: /nrk-predis-3bf1230/lib /home/user/Dropbox/documents/www/mywebsite.com/nrk-predis-3bf1230/lib/ /home/user/Dropbox/documents/www/mywebsite.com/nrk-predis-3bf1230/lib Have done a chmod +x on both: /home/user/Dropbox/documents/www/mywebsite.com/nrk-predis-3bf1230/ /home/user/Dropbox/documents/www/mywebsite.com And doing all of the above always results in a 500 server error. What am I doing wrong?

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• IPv6 working fine, IPv4 throws OpenSSL error

  - by jippie

  I am building a webserver ( http://blog.linformatronics.nl/ ), which functions just fine on both IPv4 and IPv6 and when using a non-SSL connection. However when I connect to it through https, IPv6 works as expected, but an IPv4 connection throws a client side error. Server side logs are empty for the IPv4/https connection. Summarized in a table: | http | https -----+-------+------------------------------------------------------- IPv4 | works | OpenSSL error, failed. No server side logging. -----+-------+------------------------------------------------------- IPv6 | works | self signed certificate warning, but works as expected Apparently the SSL tunnel isn't even set up, which accounts for the Apache logs being empty. But why does it work fine for IPv6 and fail for IPv4? My question is why is this OpenSSL error being thrown and how can I solve it? Below is some extra information about the setup. IPv6 https Command used to reproduce IPv6/https behaviour: $ wget --no-check-certificate -O /dev/null -6 https://blog.linformatronics.nl --2012-11-03 15:46:48-- https://blog.linformatronics.nl/ Resolving blog.linformatronics.nl (blog.linformatronics.nl)... 2001:980:1b7f:1:a00:27ff:fea6:a2e7 Connecting to blog.linformatronics.nl (blog.linformatronics.nl)|2001:980:1b7f:1:a00:27ff:fea6:a2e7|:443... connected. WARNING: cannot verify blog.linformatronics.nl's certificate, issued by `/CN=localhost': Self-signed certificate encountered. WARNING: certificate common name `localhost' doesn't match requested host name `blog.linformatronics.nl'. HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK Length: 4556 (4.4K) [text/html] Saving to: `/dev/null' 100%[=======================================================================>] 4,556 --.-K/s in 0s 2012-11-03 15:46:49 (62.5 MB/s) - `/dev/null' saved [4556/4556] IPv4 https Command used to reproduce IPv6/https behaviour: $ wget --no-check-certificate -O /dev/null -4 https://blog.linformatronics.nl --2012-11-03 15:47:28-- https://blog.linformatronics.nl/ Resolving blog.linformatronics.nl (blog.linformatronics.nl)... 82.95.251.247 Connecting to blog.linformatronics.nl (blog.linformatronics.nl)|82.95.251.247|:443... connected. OpenSSL: error:140770FC:SSL routines:SSL23_GET_SERVER_HELLO:unknown protocol Unable to establish SSL connection. Notes I am on Ubuntu Server 12.04.1 LTS

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• CLOSE_WAIT sockets burst - perhaps because of iptables settings?

  - by Fabrizio Giudici

  I have an Ubuntu 12.04 server virtual box where basically the installed software and configuration are the default ones, plus the installation of a jetty 6 server which servers a few websites. To keep things simple I didn't install apache httpd and used iptables for exposing jetty (which runs on the 8080 port) to the port 80. These are the results of /sbin/iptables -t nat -L Chain PREROUTING (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination REDIRECT tcp -- anywhere localhost tcp dpt:http redir ports 8080 REDIRECT tcp -- anywhere Ubuntu-1104-natty-64-minimal tcp dpt:http redir ports 8080 Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination REDIRECT tcp -- anywhere localhost tcp dpt:http redir ports 8080 REDIRECT tcp -- anywhere Ubuntu-1104-natty-64-minimal tcp dpt:http redir ports 8080 Chain POSTROUTING (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination I must confess I have a shallow comprehension of how iptables works, in particular for the different kind of chains. This thing works, but sometimes I have an explosion of sockets that stay permanently in CLOSE_WAIT state. I know about what this state means, but since I didn't write the code that manages servlets (they are handled by jetty) I can't fix the problem by patching my code. Eventually the amount of CLOSE_WAIT sockets builds up and makes the server not responsive, so I have to restart jetty. I've looked around for similar problems wth CLOSE_WAIT, and only found cases related to the programmer's code, or problems with Tomcat, not Jetty. I was wondering whether they could be related to a partially broken iptables configuration (the alternative is a bug in Jetty 6, but I first want to exclude other possible causes). Thanks.

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• Why Wireshark does not recognize this HTTP response?

  - by Alois Mahdal

  I have a trivial CGI script that outputs simple text content. It's written in Perl and using CGI module and it specifies only the most basic headers: print $q->header( -type => 'text/plain', -Content_length => $length, ); print $stuff; There's no apparent issue with functionality, but I'm confused about the fact that Wireshark does not recognize the HTTP response as HTTP--it's marked as TCP. Here is request and response: GET /cgi-bin/memfile/memfile.pl?mbytes=1 HTTP/1.1 Host: 10.6.130.38 User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; rv:11.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/11.0 Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8 Accept-Language: cs,en-us;q=0.7,en;q=0.3 Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate Connection: keep-alive HTTP/1.1 200 OK Date: Thu, 05 Apr 2012 18:52:23 GMT Server: Apache/2.2.15 (Win32) mod_ssl/2.2.15 OpenSSL/0.9.8m Content-length: 1048616 Keep-Alive: timeout=5, max=100 Connection: Keep-Alive Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 XXXXXXXX... And here is the packet overview (Full packet is here on pastebin) No. Time Source srcp Destination dstp Protocol Info tcp.stream abstime 5 0.112749 10.6.130.38 80 10.6.130.53 48072 TCP [TCP segment of a reassembled PDU] 0 20:52:23.228063 Frame 5: 1514 bytes on wire (12112 bits), 1514 bytes captured (12112 bits) Ethernet II, Src: Dell_97:29:ac (00:1e:4f:97:29:ac), Dst: Dell_3b:fe:70 (00:24:e8:3b:fe:70) Internet Protocol Version 4, Src: 10.6.130.38 (10.6.130.38), Dst: 10.6.130.53 (10.6.130.53) Transmission Control Protocol, Src Port: http (80), Dst Port: 48072 (48072), Seq: 1, Ack: 330, Len: 1460 Now when I see this in Wireshark: there's usual TCP handshake then the GET request shown as HTTP with preview then the next packet contains the response, but is not marked as an HTTP response--just a generic "[TCP segment of a reassembled PDU]", and is not caught by "http.response" filter. Can somebody explain why Wireshark does not recognize it? Is there something wrong with the response?

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• Two servers, two domains, one ip. mod_proxy beginner

  - by Gutsav

  I run two virtual web servers (both running apache2 on debian). I have just one external IP, but two domains, and I want a domain going to each of the servers. I've understood that I need a Reverse Proxy, and I enabled both the mod_proxy and the mod_proxy_http modules on the "primary server". Do I need to enable anything on the "secondary server"? I also understood that I need to write some things in a virtual host file, but what? On the primary server, I have a virtual host file for one of the domains, and some for subdomains. I want domain1.tld to go to the primary server (port 80 is forwarded to it, so that works) and domain2.tld to go to the other server (internal ip 192.168.0.x). No ports needs to be forwarded to it, right? So, what to add and in which virtual host file? Or a new one? Other questions suggest adding ProxyPass and ProxyPassReverse, but I'm lost anyway, and I just don't understand the apache documentation. Thanks in advance

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• Running phpmyadmin xampp Ubuntu 12.10

  - by Luigi Tiburzi

  I know it is a common problem and there are many solutions on the web but I'm trying everything and anything is working, I can't have phpmyadmin running on my machine. I installed XAMPP through: sudo tar xvfz ./Downloads/xampp-linux-1.8.1.tar.gz -C /opt then I did the chmod trick supposed to make an end to access issues and I change the default location to my php projects from /var/www to Dropbox/php. Then I started XAMPP in the usual way: sudo /opt/lampp/lampp start When I tried to run one of my php projects the output on the web is fine but if for example I try to write localhost on my browser I get: It works and not the usual XAMPP interface and most of all when I try to access localhost/phpmyadmin I get the login page, insert username (root) and password and I get: You don't have permission to access /phpmyadmin/index.php on this server. Apache/2.2.22 (Ubuntu) Server at localhost Port 80 I tried the Required all granted trick and some others but nothing is working. I even tried to uninstall phpmyadmin and reinstall it but this is not working too. I don't know hot to proceed. Thanks for your help.

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• Linux/hostapd: AP can ping clients, clients can access internet, can't access www@wlan1 with more than 5-6 packets at once

  - by mhambra

  Please edit the title, can't make it sound better. -- OP. Hi all, I have a Wifi USB dongle in a PC, that serves as an AP for laptop. wlan1: 192.168.2.1, netmask 255.255.255.0, routed: route add -net 192.168.2.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 gw 192.168.2.1 ping 192.168.2.2 (laptop): ping was ok for lot of packets. Now, I try to access 192.168.2.1:80/myindex.html (apache) from laptop, and can see that own 1kb test page. But, trying to access 192.168.2.1:80/my.jpg, I see the following: GET /my.jpg HTTP/1.1 200 OK <jpg header, about a kilobyte> <TCP packet retransmisson> <TCP packet retransmisson> <end of stream> It seems to be a hostapd's problem (networked stuff worked fine with Ad-Hoc), but it may be also forwarding/routing problem too. What to google for? Even more strange, SSH to that host works fine.

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• How should I configure nginx caching headers for a "baked" static file blog? (Octopress)

  - by Doug Stephen

  I recently deployed an Octopress blog (which is a blogging platform built around Jekyll). It's a static-site blog generator, with no dynamic content or databases to muck about with. It's being served up by nginx. My question is, what is the appropriate expires directive or Cache-Control header that I should set to make sure that visitors get the most up-to-date version of the site when they visit without having to manually refresh? Since the site is just .html files it seems to get cached pretty aggressively. I've tried a million different combinations of expires modified + xxxx and even straight up expires off but I can't seem to wrap my head around it. I'm very new to dealing with caching like this, specifically, on static files that change frequently, and obviously if the site hasn't been changed then I'd like for it to be served up out of the cache. Update (still not solved though): I found open_file_cache, tweaked that. Still no dice. It seems like what I might want to do is use nginx as a proxy cache and use Apache with ETags? Is there really no convenient way to make nginx play nicer with conditional requests from the client? TL;DR: I'm running a static-file blog and I'd like to set up nginx to only serve from the cache if the blog hasn't been updated recently, but I'm too stupid to figure it out myself because I'm relatively new to web servers.

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• Unexpected(?) high 'wasted' memory in memcached

  - by Nanne

  Looking at our memcached stats I think I have found an issue I was not aware of before. It seems that we have a strangely high amount of wasted space. I checked with phpmemcacheadmin for a change, and found this image staring at me: Now I was under the impression that the worst-case scenario would be that there is 50% waste, although I am the first to admit not knowing all the details. I have read - amongst others- this page which is indeed somewhat old, but so is our version of memcached. I think I do understand how the system works (e.g.) I believe, but I have a hard time understanding how we could get to 76% wasted space. The eviction rate that phpmemcacheadmin shows is 2 ev/s, so there is some problem here. The primary question is: what can I do to fix this. I could throw more memory at it (there is some extra available I think), maybe I should fiddle with the slab config (is that even possible with this version?), maybe there are other options? Upgrading the memcached version is not a quickly available option. The secondairy question, out of curiosity, is of course if the rate of 75% (and rising) wasted space is expected, and if so, why. System: This is currently not something I can do anything about, I know the memcached version isn't the newest, but these are the cards I've been dealt. Memcached 1.4.5 Apache 2.2.17 PHP 5.3.5

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• site to listen on port 88

  - by JohnMerlino

  I want to get one of my sites to listen on port 88. In ports.conf in /etc/apache2 on ubuntu server, I add so web app can listen on port 88: NameVirtualHost *:80 Listen 80 NameVirtualHost *:88 Listen 88 I have this in my etc/apache2/apache2.conf, I have this: # Include the virtual host configurations: Include sites-enabled/ Under sites enabled, I have a file looks like this: Listen *:88 NameVirtualHost *:88 <VirtualHost *:88> ServerName dogtracking.com DocumentRoot /home/doggps/public_html/eaglegps.com/current/public <Directory /home/doggps/public_html/eaglegps.com/current/public> AllowOverride all Options -MultiViews </Directory> <LocationMatch "^/assets/.*$"> Header unset ETag FileETag None # RFC says only cache for 1 year ExpiresActive On ExpiresDefault "access plus 1 year" </LocationMatch> </VirtualHost> Then I try to restart apache: /etc/init.d/apache2 restart And I get: * Restarting web server apache2 /usr/sbin/apache2ctl: line 87: ulimit: open files: cannot modify limit: Operation not permitted Warning: DocumentRoot [/home/xtreme/Sites/DogGPS-CMS] does not exist apache2: Could not reliably determine the server's fully qualified domain name, using 127.0.0.1 for ServerName [Thu Oct 18 18:04:21 2012] [warn] NameVirtualHost *:88 has no VirtualHosts /usr/sbin/apache2ctl: line 87: ulimit: open files: cannot modify limit: Operation not permitted Warning: DocumentRoot [/home/xtreme/Sites/DogGPS-CMS] does not exist apache2: Could not reliably determine the server's fully qualified domain name, using 127.0.0.1 for ServerName [Thu Oct 18 18:04:22 2012] [warn] NameVirtualHost *:88 has no VirtualHosts (13)Permission denied: make_sock: could not bind to address 0.0.0.0:80 no listening sockets available, shutting down Unable to open logs Action 'start' failed.

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• HTTPS/HTTP redirects via .htaccess

  - by Winston

  I have a somehow complicated problem I am trying to solve. I've used the following .htaccess directive to enable some sort of Pretty URLs, and that worked fine. For example, http://myurl.com/shop would be redirected to http://myurl.com/index.php/shop, and that was well working (note that stuff such as myurl.com/css/mycss.css) does not get redirected: RewriteEngine on RewriteCond ${REQUEST_URI} !^(index\.php$) RewriteCond %{SCRIPT_FILENAME} !-f RewriteCond %{SCRIPT_FILENAME} !-d RewriteRule ^/?(.*)$ index.php/$1 [L] But now, as I have introduced SSL to my webpage, I want the following behaviour: I basically want the above behaviour for all pages except admin.php and login.php. Requests to those two pages should be redirected to the HTTPS part, whereas all other requests should be processed as specified above. I have come up with the following .htaccess, but it does not work. h*tps://myurl.com/shop does not get redirected to h*tp://myurl.com/index.php/shop, and h*tp://myurl.com/admin.php does not get redirected to h*tps://myurl.com/admin.php. RewriteEngine on RewriteCond %{HTTPS} on RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} !^(admin\.php$|login\.php$) RewriteRule ^(.*)$ http://%{HTTP_HOST}/${REQUEST_URI} [R=301,L] RewriteCond %{HTTPS} off RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} ^(admin\.php$|login\.php$) RewriteRule ^(.*)$ https://myurl.com/%{REQUEST_URI} [R=301,L] RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} !^(index\.php$) RewriteCond %{SCRIPT_FILENAME} !-f RewriteCond %{SCRIPT_FILENAME} !-d RewriteRule ^/?(.*)$ index.php/$1 [L] I know it has something to do with rules overwriting each other, but I am not sure since my knowledge of Apache is quite limited. How could I fix this apparently not that difficult problem, and how could I make my .htaccess more compact and elegant? Help is very much appreciated, thank you!

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• 500 Error when logining into subdomain using codeigniter

  - by itsdanprice

  I have a website that has been setup and working fine for ages. It's built using Code Igniter. It's run using .htaccess files to restrict access and hide urls. All fine. Until a couple of days ago when we try to access http://admin.dealersupport.co.uk we get a 500 error (this is the back end of the site, held in a seperate subdomain.) Nothing else has changed on the server. I have tried restoring from a back up from when I know it was working. The problem persists. The only thing I can think of is that we recently upgraded to Plesk 11.0.9 and since then we have been seeing some Apache instabilities. The only thing that is thrown up by the error logs is this: Wed Nov 21 08:40:17 2012] [error] [client 94.31.24.129] Options FollowSymLinks or SymLinksIfOwnerMatch is off which implies that RewriteRule directive is forbidden: /var/www/vhosts /dealersupport.co.uk/admin/index.pl, referer: http://admin.dealersupport.co.uk/login I have now added this to my .htaccess files Options +FollowSymLinks +SymLinksIfOwnerMatch RewriteEngine On And that seems to have eliminated that error from the error logs, but we are still getting a 500 error when we have logged into the backend. Can anyone help?

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• Understanding RedHats recommended tuned profiles

  - by espenfjo

  We are going to roll out tuned (and numad) on ~1000 servers, the majority of them being VMware servers either on NetApp or 3Par storage. According to RedHats documentation we should choose the virtual-guestprofile. What it is doing can be seen here: tuned.conf We are changing the IO scheduler to NOOP as both VMware and the NetApp/3Par should do sufficient scheduling for us. However, after investigating a bit I am not sure why they are increasing vm.dirty_ratio and kernel.sched_min_granularity_ns. As far as I have understood increasing increasing vm.dirty_ratio to 40% will mean that for a server with 20GB ram, 8GB can be dirty at any given time unless vm.dirty_writeback_centisecsis hit first. And while flushing these 8GB all IO for the application will be blocked until the dirty pages are freed. Increasing the dirty_ratio would probably mean higher write performance at peaks as we now have a larger cache, but then again when the cache fills IO will be blocked for a considerably longer time (Several seconds). The other is why they are increasing the sched_min_granularity_ns. If I understand it correctly increasing this value will decrease the number of time slices per epoch(sched_latency_ns) meaning that running tasks will get more time to finish their work. I can understand this being a very good thing for applications with very few threads, but for eg. apache or other processes with a lot of threads would this not be counter-productive?

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• Can't access WordPress blog after host changed IP address of server

  - by John

  My host changed servers and all websites now have a new IP address. I have the same domain name and I assume the host runs the same nameservers, though my host and domain name provider are different. Notes: I never entered a Name or description under General/Settings for my blog. I left them both blank. That is when I could log into it. The wp-config file, has localhost entered rather than a specific IP. Again this has always been the case and my host never advised otherwise. I can get into cPanel by simply putting the newly advised IP in front of /Cpanel. However, I can not reach the admin panel of my WordPress blog (version 2.8.2). I had been loggin into it via http://xx.xx.xxx.xx/~example/blog/wp-login.php. My host suggested to simply insert the new IP in place of the old one. I still get the error message: 404 Not Found The server can not find the requested page: Apache/2.0.63 (Unix) mod_ssl/2.0.63 OpenSSL/0.9.8e-fips-rhel5 mod_auth_passthrough/2.1 mod_bwlimited/1.4 FrontPage/5.0.2.2635 PHP/5.2.12 Server at 74.50.108.14 Port 80 I followed some tips on a question on Stack Overflow of a similar nature. I have logged into phpMyAdmin and found the wp-options table and searched for SELECT * FROM `wp_options` WHERE `option_name` IN ('siteurl', 'home') Only option ID 39 came up and the results are: Home has optionvalue http://example.org siteurl has optionvalue http://example.org/blog Both of which appear correct. Is there any part of the MySQL tables where I can change an actual IP address? Or is there something else you can advise?

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• Updated my WAMP Server and MySQL is eating up 580mB of memory

  - by Jon

  I updated my dev-box's WAMPSERVER, and along with updating PHP and Apache, MySQL updated to '5.6.12'. After doing that, I copied the data folder from my old (5.1.36) install to the new one and now MySQL takes up 580mB which is way too much, since I'm the only person using it (Locally) and there are only 20 or so databases on it, none of which have 'memory' tables. How can I get this down to a decent amount? My my.ini: # For advice on how to change settings please see # http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.6/en/server-configuration-defaults.html # *** DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE. It's a template which will be copied to the # *** default location during install, and will be replaced if you # *** upgrade to a newer version of MySQL. [mysqld] # Remove leading # and set to the amount of RAM for the most important data # cache in MySQL. Start at 70% of total RAM for dedicated server, else 10%. # innodb_buffer_pool_size = 128M # Remove leading # to turn on a very important data integrity option: logging # changes to the binary log between backups. # log_bin # These are commonly set, remove the # and set as required. # basedir = ..... # datadir = ..... # port = ..... # server_id = ..... # Remove leading # to set options mainly useful for reporting servers. # The server defaults are faster for transactions and fast SELECTs. # Adjust sizes as needed, experiment to find the optimal values. # join_buffer_size = 128M # sort_buffer_size = 2M # read_rnd_buffer_size = 2M sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES Database info: Storage Engine Data Size Index Size Total Size InnoDB 48.00 KB 0.00 B 48.00 KB MEMORY 0.00 B 0.00 B 0.00 B MyISAM 163.64 MB 122.49 MB 286.13 MB Total 163.69 MB 122.49 MB 286.18 MB

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• Google bots are severely affecting site performance

  - by Lynn

  I have an aggregate site on a linux server that pulls in feeds from a universe of about 2,000 blogs. It's in Wordpress 3.4.2 and I have a cron job that is staggered to run five times an hour on another server to pull in the stories and then publish them to the front page of this site. This is so I didn't put too much pressure all on one server. However, the Google bots, which visit a few times every hour bring the server to its knees in the morning and evenings when there is an increase in traffic on the site. The bots have something like 30,000 links to follow at this point. How do I throttle the bots to simply grab the new stories off the front page and stop there? EDIT- Details of my server configuration: The way we have this set up is the server that handles all the publishing is an unmanaged instance via AWS. It mounts the NFS server and connects to the RDS to update content, etc. You get to this publishing instance via a plugin that detects the wp-admin link and then redirects you into there. The front end app server also mounts the NFS and requests data from the RDS. It is the only one that has the WP Super Cache on it.... The OS is Ubuntu on the App server and the NFS runs CentOs. The front end is Nginx and the publishing server is Apache.

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• Use subpath internal proxy for subdomains, but redirect external clients if they ask for that subpath?

  - by HostileFork

  I have a VirtualHost that I'd like to have several subdomains on. (For the sake of clarity, let's say my domain is example.com and I'm just trying to get started by making foo.example.com work, and build from there.) The simplest way I found for a subdomain to work non-invasively with the framework I have was to proxy to a sub-path via mod_rewrite. Thus paths would appear in the client's URL bar as http://foo.example.com/(whatever) while they'd actually be served http://foo.example.com/foo/(whatever) under the hood. I've managed to do that inside my VirtualHost config file like this: ServerAlias *.example.com RewriteEngine on RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} ^foo\.example\.com [NC] # <--- RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} !^/foo/.*$ [NC] # AND is implicit with above RewriteRule ^/(.*)$ /foo/$1 [PT] (Note: It was surprisingly hard to find that particular working combination. Specifically, the [PT] seemed to be necessary on the RewriteRule. I could not get it to work with examples I saw elsewhere like [L] or trying just [P]. It would either not show anything or get in loops. Also some browsers seemed to cache the response pages for the bad loops once they got one... a page reload after fixing it wouldn't show it was working! Feedback welcome—in any case—if this part can be done better.) Now I'd like to make what http://foo.example.com/foo/(whatever) provides depend on who asked. If the request came from outside, I'd like the client to be permanently redirected by Apache so they get the URL http://foo.example.com/(whatever) in their browser. If it came internally from the mod_rewrite, I want the request to be handled by the web framework...which is unaware of subdomains. Is something like that possible?

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