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• How to run some commands after booting from ArchLinux disk? Or how to change some settings in .iso before booting?

  - by Alexander Ovchinnikov

  How to install Arch Linux with traditional installer with only ssh-access to server? There is nice guide: https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Install_from_SSH I try test this on my home vps: Start VPS with any linux bootable cd and login to remote server (vps) wget http://mirrors.kernel.org/archlinux/iso/latest/archlinux-2010.05-netinstall-x86_64.iso dd if=archlinux-2010.05-netinstall-x86_64.iso of=/dev/sda reboot ... I see, it works but without ssh connection... I need make script, which will send this commands after reboot: aif -p partial-configure-network (and write some information about my server ip etc.) /etc/rc.d/sshd start (need to start sshd) echo "sshd: ALL" /etc/hosts.allow (to allow me login to server, by default deny all) passwd (by default its empty, can't login via ssh with empty password) Can I edit .iso or may be /dev/sda? May be I need write script, which will start after system boot and do this things or may be I can set this settings by default and system will start with correct settings (i think its possible at least in 2. and 3.). Thank you!

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• Does a ext4 reader for Windows exist?

  - by zillion

  Is there any software or applications that can read ext4 from Windows?

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• Check for updates of a specific Debian package list

  - by Erwan Queffélec

  The setup I run a Debian Squeeze host that I use to build a multilanguage project (python, java, php...) and generate custom packages (debian and RPM) automatically (through jenkins) The problem The target distributions of those Debian packages are Etch, Lenny and Squeeze. But our project has some native dependencies that are available only through the DebianRelease + 1 repository (i.e Lenny + 1 == Squeeze, Squeeze + 1 == Wheezy). We for example, need the jetty packages from Squeeze in Lenny, and the cyrus-imapd-2.4 packages from Wheezy in Squeeze. Some additional info : Some package we can simply 'backport by hand' by mirroring the DebianRelease + 1 packages to our own repositories. For instance, the jetty package from Squeeze will run fine on Lenny because it doesn't need an s**tload of additional dependencies However we do need to rebuild some packages. For instance, cyrus-imapd-2.4 from Wheezy has a lot of unsatisfied dependencies on Squeeze. So we need to rebuild it in Squeeze and then upload it to our repo. The question I need to have a simple way of knowing if they are any updates on those extra packages (both "normal" and "security" updates). I could write a simple script that runs weekly, get some parameters from a file, and generate an update report. Let's say the file looks like this: jetty:squeeze cyrus-imapd-2.4:wheezy The script should run as normal user not to mess up the system apt configuration and issue the appropriate commands to generate that report. Does Debian has some built-in apt-* commands/options dedicated to that kind of problem I could use to write this script ? If not, can someone think of another clean solution to achieve what I need ?

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• scalability: when to use CDN?

  - by ajsie

  i've read about CDN but dont know exactly what it is for. lets say i've got an international social network (text and image content), and it's growing in traffic from different countries, do i have use of CDN? the picture i got from the sources i've read is that it copy your content and put it in many servers spread out over the world so that users will fetch it from the nearest point. does this mean that every server has a copy of my mysql database and the image files? is this the proper way to make your web service available for the world? cause how else could you set up a servers through out the world, contacting hosting companies for each country?

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• old ssl certficate didn't go away on apache2

  - by user1212143

  I have replaced the old ssl certficate with new one and restart apache several time but the old certificate still show on web browser and when I run a command openssl s_client -connect 127.0.0.1:443 -showcerts also I have delete all old certficate files. so not sure where apache still read these certficate. and not read the new one. here is my ssl.conf Listen 0.0.0.0:443 SSLEngine on SSLOptions +StrictRequire <Directory /> SSLRequireSSL </Directory> SSLProtocol -all +TLSv1 +SSLv3 SSLCipherSuite HIGH:MEDIUM:!aNULL:+SHA1:+MD5:+HIGH:+MEDIUM SSLMutex file:/usr/apache2/logs/ssl_mutex SSLRandomSeed startup file:/dev/urandom 1024 SSLRandomSeed connect file:/dev/urandom 1024 SSLSessionCache shm:/usr/apache2/logs/ssl_cache_shm SSLSessionCacheTimeout 600 SSLPassPhraseDialog builtin SSLCertificateFile /usr/apache2/conf/ssl.crt/server.crt SSLCertificateKeyFile /usr/apache2/conf/ssl.key/server.key SSLVerifyClient none SSLProxyEngine off <IfModule mime.c> AddType application/x-x509-ca-cert .crt AddType application/x-pkcs7-crl .crl </IfModule>

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• Is there a Linux distro that will easily run "embedded style" on a Raspberry Pi?

  - by Dan Harper

  I need a Linux distro that will give me the following: Run on a Raspberry Pi Can reliably survive power loss (like via a read-only filesystem) I've been able to hunt down some documentation on how to change a regular Linux distro over to read-only mode. I was hoping that there would be a distro already built that was designed to run in an embedded environment. I don't need many packages or drivers, just enough to have the Pi working with USB/Ethernet. I don't need any GUI interface or anything, this will just be running a custom service built in C. Does anyone know of a distro that would fit?

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• Can I change the user id of a user on one Linux server to match another server in /etc/passwd?

  - by user76177

  I have a Rails application that is on a virtual machine (RHEL 6) and it's database is on dedicated hardware (also RHEL 6). The app server has an NFS directory from the db server mounted and accessible. It needs to write images to that server that are uploaded via the app. Background processes on the db server need to read and write to the same directory, as they perform resizing operations on the uploaded files. Right now none of this is working, because the user ids are different between the two systems. I only need this to work for this one application, so it is way too much overhead to put an LDAP system in place. Can I simply change the user id of this one user in one of the systems, or will that cause mass chaos? UPDATE: The fix worked, at least on local devices. Unfortunately the device I have mounted to the main db server still thinks my user id is 502 instead of 506. Do I need to remount that device, or is there an NFS daemon I can stop and restart to refresh it?

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• XDEBUG/PHP doesn't dump profile even when set up properly?

  - by John D.

  I installed xdebug from source, but also tried my package manager (separately) and they both are loaded correctly (verified by restarting Apache and seeing the xdebug copyright info in phpinfo()) but they do not dump profiling information. Out of the 40 different attempts of configuration it logged once or twice but I lost what I did, I tried with first only loading the module in php.ini with no settings, but it didn't log to /tmp/. I tried many different settings but my current is now: xdebug.profiler_enable = Off xdebug.profiler_enable_trigger = 1 xdebug.profiler_output_dir = "/tmp/" xdebug.profiler_output_name = "profiler.%t" Of course I call my script through 127.0.0.1/test.php?XDEBUG_PROFILE, which is for enable_trigger. Do you know why it would not dump profiler information? nobody (Arch Linux) can write to /tmp/ as it has before, so I'm sure it is not a permissions error. Apache's error_log does not tell me anything about xdebug either, as it has loaded correctly. It just does not "work"! EDIT: I made a subfolder "xdebug_profiles" in /tmp/ and chown'ed it to nobody, and now it works flawlessly. I'm not sure why it couldn't write before, I guess it's just a caveat with nobody on Arch. I answered my own question , not enough points to answer it or comment, so consider this answered.

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• Is there a simple LDAP-to-HTTP gateway out there?

  - by larsks

  We have a local LDAP directory that provides basic contact information about our user community. We would like to integrate this into some third-party hosted services that allow us to implement widgets that run arbitrary Javascript. In order to connect Javascript to our LDAP directory, I would like to set up a simple LDAP-to-HTTP proxy that would accept HTTP GET requests, translate them into an appropriate LDAP query, and respond with directory information as JSON-encoded data. In an ideal world, something like this: GET /[email protected] Would get me something like this: { "cn": "Bob Person", "title": "System Administrator", "sn": "Person", "mail": "[email protected]", "telepehoneNumber": "617-555-1212", "givenName": "Bob" } (And this obviously assumes that the web application has locally configured information about what base DN to use, how to authenticate, etc). I guess I could write one...but surely something like this already exists? UPDATE The consensus seems to be that there isn't a pre-existing solution out there and that I should just get off my lazy derriere and write one. So I did, and it's here. It's not especially pretty, but it works for my prototyping and I figure maybe someone else will find it useful someday.

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• LVM2 vs MDADM performance

  - by archer

  I've used MDADM + LVM2 on many boxes for quite a while. MDADM was serving for both RAID0 and RAID1 arrays, while LVM2 where used for logical volumes on top of MDADM. Recently I've found that LVM2 could be used w/o MDADM (thus minus one layer, as the result - less overhead) for both mirroring and stripping. However, some guys claims that READ PERFORMANCE on LVM2 for mirrored array is not that fast as for LVM2 (linear) on top of MDADM (RAID1) as LVM2 does not read from 2+ devices at a time, but use 2nd and higher devices in case of 1st device failure. MDADM reads from 2 devices at a time (even in mirrored mode). Who could confirm that?

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• Permission denied when running Rails app in VirtualBox Ubuntu guest with files on Windows host

  - by Ola Tuvesson

  I think I'm close to having my dev environment set up exactly the way I want, but one final snag remains. I'm running VirtualBox on a Windows 7 64bit host, with my dev enviroment inside a Ubuntu 12.04 guest. I want to keep the files for my projects on the host filesystem - partly so I can access them when the Ubuntu guest is not running, but also so I can use Tortoise and other Windows based tools (cough Photoshop), and it also eases my backup scheme somewhat. So I've got a folder "Rails" on my NTFS drive, which I've shared (Samba) from the host with a user specifically created for the Ubuntu guest. The mount point has been set up and an entry added to fstab (cifs), using a credentials file and the options iocharset=utf8,mode=0777,dir_mode=07??77 This mounts fine and my Ubuntu user has both read and write permissions to the contents. But when I try to start my Rails app I get permission errors on any files the app needs to write to (e.g. the log file) - why is that? Are there any major conceptual flaws with this approach? Would I be better off using the VBox "shared folders" function?

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• Properties!Details (run-time length)

  - by user33666

  When you take clips and turn them into computer playable files, whether .TS or .MOV or .MPG, .MP4, .VOB, etc., do you as the producer actually manually write into some field in a "Details" section of your video editor what the video length is, so that it can be read by the eventual user's video player? Or is this activity performed automatically by the video editor? I'm asking because: when a mouse is passed over a file line item in Windows 7 Shell (Windows Explorer) a little box is displayed where the mouse meets the file line item and provides simple name and size properties, one of which (if it's a media file) is run length. How does that figure get there into the file (later to be read be Windows or OS X)? Thanks for any info.

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• SSD - Tweaks/Recommended Configuration

  - by Miky D

  I've just purchased my first SSD drive (a 32GB MLC from Imation) without doing enough research ahead of time in the spirit of giving the new technology a shot and getting myself up to speed by empirical research rather than reading countless reviews and I'm now at a crossroads. I've built a new server to test the new drive and at first I wanted to test it with Windows Server 2003 R2 x86 but after I loaded the OS on it and it had problems loading the drivers of the motherboard I went to the internet and did more research and the more I read the more I got confused. Finally I decided to try out Windows Server 2008 R2 x64 since it supposedly has certain support for SSD drives inherent in the NT 6.1 core. Indeed I've had much better luck with the new OS and got all the drivers installed but now I still have some questions: Should I set the drive to: IDE Emulation or AHCI in the BIOS? Should I make any other changes in the BIOS (I've read on the internet that Write Through should be changed to Write Back) Should I make any other adjustments in Windows (i.e. Tweaks such as disabling prefetching or disabling the Last Accessed Timestamp on the filesystem) and if so, is there a good/reliable online resource with instructions? I'm so tired of reading through countless online posts which spend 80% of coverage on the history of SSDs and benchmarks and explanations of how SSDs work. I got that, now I'd like to know if there's anything I should actually do to make sure Windows Server 2008 R2 makes good use of the SSD.

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• Nginx with PAM authentication through pam_script

  - by Envek

  Have anyone set up such a configuration? It's not work for me. So, I've installed nginx-extras on Ubuntu 12.04 (it's built with PAM module), and write to site config: location ^~ /restricted_place/ { auth_pam "Please specify login and password from main_site"; auth_pam_service_name "nginx"; } Afterwards, in /etc/pam.d/nginx: auth required pam_script.so dir=/path/to/my/auth_scripts And wrote simplest /path/to/my/auth_scripts/pam_script_auth (also I've tried to write complicated scripts) #!/bin/sh exit 0 # should allow anyone Doesn't work. The script is launched (I've wrote full functional script, that successfully executes, check credentials, writes to its own log and returns correct exit code, and executes noticeably long). But no access granted. Only rejected. In /var/log/nginx/error.log appears next record: 2012/09/13 10:44:42 [alert] 1666#0: waitpid() failed (10: No child processes) If I'm specify in /etc/pam.d/nginx: auth required pam_unix.so and grant for www-data user right to read /etc/shadow, unix authorization works fine. But script auth doesn't work. Can't understand, where is trouble. In nginx module, or in pam_script module.

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• How can you invert the colors of a PDF?

  - by legr3c

  I need to invert all the colors of a PDF document (background, text, graphics, and images). I want it persistent in the file so the inverted viewing options, that some viewers offer, won't help. Rasterizing the document and using image manipulation software is also not an option. I read somewhere that this can be done with the Enfocus PitStop plugin for Acrobat. However I didn't see a corresponding command anywhere. Am I missing something? Then I read that the ARTS PDF Crackerjack plugin for Acrobat offers negative printing so I tried that, too. The option is there but it simply doesn't work. I have been searching for very long for a way to do this. It seems like a common enough task but I just can't find out how to do it. Are there maybe any virtual printer drivers or something of the sort that support negative printing? Can anyone help?

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• Making Apache 2.2 on SuSE Linux Case In-Sensitive. Which is a better approach?

  - by pingu

  Problem: http://<server>/home/APPLE.html http://<server>/hoME/APPLE.html http://<server>/HOME/aPPLE.html http://<server>/hoME/aPPLE.html All the above should pick this http://<server>/home/apple.html I implemented 2 solutions and both are working fine. Not sure which one is better(performance). Please Suggest..Also Directive - CheckCaseOnly on never worked Option 1: a)Enable:mod_speling In /etc/sysconfig/apache2 - APACHE_MODULES="rewrite speling apparmor......" b) Add directive - CheckSpelling on (Either in .htaccess or add in httpd.conf) In httpd.conf <Directory srv/www/htdcos/home> Order allow,deny CheckSpelling on Allow from all </Directory> or In .htaccess inside /srv/www/htdcos/home(your content folder) CheckSpelling on Option 2: a) Enable: mod_rewrite b) Write the rule vhost(you can not write RewriteMap in directory. check apache docs ) <VirtualHost _default_:80> <IfModule mod_rewrite.c> Options +FollowSymLinks RewriteEngine on RewriteMap lc int:tolower RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} [A-Z] RewriteRule (.*) ${lc:$1} [R=301,L] </IfModule> </VirtualHost> <VirtualHost _default_:80> <IfModule mod_rewrite.c> Options +FollowSymLinks RewriteEngine on RewriteMap lc int:tolower RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} [A-Z] RewriteRule (.*) ${lc:$1} [R=301,L] </IfModule> </VirtualHost> This changes the entire request uri into lowercase. I want this to happen for specific folder, but RewriteMap doesn't work in .htaccess. I am novice in regex and Rewrite. I need a RewriteCond which checks only /css//. can any body help

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• Want to execute an arm compiled executable on adb shell of android

  - by user37977

  I stuck in a problem. I want a chmreader executable file to be used in android application. Now whenever I tried to execute it from adb shell, it gives error "permission denied" Now, whenever I use "su" it just executes the file, but doesn't do anything. And whenever I give the argument as the path of the file to be read, "# su /sdcard/extract_chmLib /sdcard/docs/HArdcore.chm" it shows "su: exec failed for /sdcard/docs/HArdcore.chm Error:Permission denied" where "/sdcard/extract_chmLib" is the executable file and "/sdcard/docs/HArdcore.chm" is the chm file to be read. Can you please help me???

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• how to remove leading whitespace from filenames/folders snow?

  - by timoto

  how do I remove leading whitespace from filenames/folders in OSX snow ? As provided below by Lri I was able to remove trailing whitespace using this #!/bin/bash IFS=$'\n' for d in {1..9}; do find ~/Desktop -name '* ' -depth $d | while read f; do mv "$f" "$(sed 's/ *$//' <<< "$f")" done done Now I'm trying to remove leading whitespace with this #!/bin/bash IFS=$'\n' for d in {1..9}; do find ~/Desktop -name '* ' -depth $d | while read f; do mv "$f" "$(sed 's/^ *//;s/ *$//' <<< "$f")" done done but it doesn't work. What am I doing wrong ?

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• update all the servers through one virtual servers using Storage are network virtual machine

  - by Mr.Calm

  Using UBUNTU and Virtal Box by Oracle, and Using this script to start nginx in Virtual Box, and placing it in Virtual box inside~/init.d #!/bin/bash ### BEGIN INIT INFO # Provides: Testinit # Required-Start: # Required-Stop: # Default-Start: 2 3 4 5 # Default-Stop: 0 1 6 # Short-Description: Start daemon at boot time # Description: Enable service provided by daemon. ### END INIT INFO # RETVAL=0; start() { CurrentTime=$(date +%d/%m/%Y"-"%I:%M:%S) ./usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx echo "Current Time:"$CurrentTime>>/home/server/Desktop/NginxLogs.txt echo "!Starting nginx!" >>/home/server/Desktop/NginxLogs.txt Like this i want to write auto script (setup.sh file) and place that script in all virtual boxes inside my system, for example 8 virtual boxes and in all Virtual boxes NGINX is installed. Now, The thing is i am facing problem when i want change something in setup.sh i have to go to each and every virtual box, or Communicate each Virtual machine through SSH from my main machine. i am thinking to write another script (ex: Update.sh),and inside that script we give one path of file which is saved and recently edited in main machine (ex: DummySetup.sh). as soon as i run that script all the setup.sh files which are saved in each virtual machines should update the change or replace contents with DummySetup.sh's contents. Hope this is possible thing. Help would be appreciated.Thanking you

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• Hyper-V Manager: right-clicking on remote VM crashes MMC snap-in

  - by Greg Bray

  I have a Windows Server 2008 R2 Enterprise SP1 machine that I log into and use to manage virtual machines running on multiple Hyper-V servers on our domain. Sometimes, when I right-click on a remote VM, the Hyper-V Manager will crash and display the following error message: If I use the Actions menu on the lower right, it works just fine, but for some reason right-clicking causes MMC to stop working. Is there any way to fix this issue? Here are the full details of the error message. Description: Stopped working Problem signature: Problem Event Name: CLR20r3 Problem Signature 01: mmc.exe Problem Signature 02: 6.1.7600.16385 Problem Signature 03: 4a5bc808 Problem Signature 04: Microsoft.Virtualization.Client Problem Signature 05: 6.1.0.0 Problem Signature 06: 4ce7c9e3 Problem Signature 07: 342 Problem Signature 08: 1f Problem Signature 09: System.OverflowException OS Version: 6.1.7601.2.1.0.274.10 Locale ID: 1033 Read our privacy statement online: http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?linkid=104288&clcid=0x0409 If the online privacy statement is not available, please read our privacy statement offline: C:\Windows\system32\en-US\erofflps.txt

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• I Can Edit SD Card on Windows XP but Not on Windows 7

  - by David C

  I have an 8GB SDHC card which I have used to upload pictures onto my Windows XP machine using an SD card reader ("SanDisk Ultra II"). I could also delete pictures and create folders on the card. I recently obtained a new computer that runs Windows 7 and, while I can view and upload the photos, I am unable to delete photos or create folders. When I attempt to do either of these two operations, the desired option does not appear in the menu ("Delete"/"New Folder"). Also, the shortcut keys do not work (e.g. the Delete key and Alt+F+W+F). I have attempted to change the Properties from Read-only, but am greeted with a "media is write protected". I should add that when I insert the Card Reader back into my Windows XP computer, I am granted full write permissions. Why can't I modify the SD Card from Windows 7? And, related, how can I fix this issue? Let me know if you have any additional questions. Thanks!

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• Configuring suExec to work with Apache and PHP via FastCGI

  - by RandomPsychology

  I have installed ISPConfig 3 on an Ubuntu VPS and configured it for Apache + PHP via FastCGI and suexec. I am able to upload PHP apps (e.g. Wordpress) and run them normally w/ suexec. However, for some reason the PHP scripts cannot write data to disk. For instance, trying to upgrade a plugin via Wordpress' web interface causes it to fail with the error "Could not create directory /path/to/wp-content/upgrade/plugin.tmp." Trying to upload media and other assets also fails via the web. I've checked owner/group on the directory structure and it looks good. The suExec log also seems to be normal and I don't see any indicative errors in the web server logs. I can also confirm that changing the owner/group on the directories does result in the expected error in suexec.log. Additionally, I have the directory permissions set to u=rw,g=r,o= and I've also tried setting g=rw. None of this results in my scripts being able to write to the directories. What am I doing wrong?

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• Ideas for scaling out database architecture

  - by andrew

  We're looking to scale out our existing database architecture and need some advice on which way to go. We currently have 2 web servers behind a load balancer that both read & write to a single master database which replicates to a slave. Ideally, I'd like each of the webservers to point to their own master DB and have the data between the 2 synchronised but from what I've read, using any kind of master-master or ring-replication is discouraged. I'm looking for a general "what do other people do" kind of answer - database vendor isn't a concern at the moment but we'd like to stay with MySQL or convert to MSSQL. Any ideas would be gratefully received. Many thanks, Andrew

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• "postgres blocked for more than 120 seconds" - is my db still consistent?

  - by nn4l

  I am using an iscsi volume on an Open-E storage system for several virtual machines running on a XenServer host. Occasionally, when there is a very high disk I/O load on the virtual machines (and therefore also on the storage system), I got this error message on the vm consoles: [2594520.161701] INFO: task kjournald:117 blocked for more than 120 seconds. [2594520.161787] "echo 0 > /proc/sys/kernel/hung_task_timeout_secs" disables this message. [2594520.162194] INFO: task flush-202:0:229 blocked for more than 120 seconds. [2594520.162274] "echo 0 > /proc/sys/kernel/hung_task_timeout_secs" disables this message. [2594520.162801] INFO: task postgres:1567 blocked for more than 120 seconds. [2594520.162882] "echo 0 > /proc/sys/kernel/hung_task_timeout_secs" disables this message. I understand this error message is caused by the kernel to inform that these processes haven't been run for 120 seconds, most likely because a disk access to the storage system has not yet been processed. But what is the effect on the processes. For example, will the postgres process eventually write its data when the storage system is idle again after a few minutes, so that all data is still consistent? Or will it abort the write, leaving some tables in an inconsistent state? I certainly expect that the former should be the case - if the disk access is slow, postgres (or any other affected process) should just wait as long as it takes. I can live with the application hanging for a few minutes. But if there is a chance for data corruption then any of these errors is really bad news. Please advise what to do here.

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• SQL Performance Problem IA64

  - by Vendoran

  We’ve got a performance problem in production. QA and DEV environments are 2 instances on the same physical server: Windows 2003 Enterprise SP2, 32 GB RAM, 1 Quad 3.5 GHz Intel Xeon X5270 (4 cores x64), SQL 2005 SP3 (9.0.4262), SAN Drives Prod: Windows 2003 Datacenter SP2, 64 GB RAM, 4 Dual Core 1.6 GHz Intel Family 80000002, Model 6 Itanium (8 cores IA64), SQL 2005 SP3 (9.0.4262), SAN Drives, Veritas Cluster I am seeing excessive Signal Wait Percentages ( 250%) and Page Reads /s (50) and Page Writes /s (25) are both high occasionally. I did test this query on both QA and PROD and it has the same execution plan and even the same stats: SELECT top 40000000 * INTO dbo.tmp_tbl FROM dbo.tbl GO Scan count 1, logical reads 429564, physical reads 0, read-ahead reads 0, lob logical reads 0, lob physical reads 0, lob read-ahead reads 0. As you can see it’s just logical reads, however: QA: 0:48 Prod: 2:18 So It seems like a processor related issue, however I’m not sure where to go next, any ideas? Thanks, Aaron

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