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  • How a router decides destination of packet?

    - by user58859
    I have basic networking question. Scenario : Two pc's are communicating on a wan. Both the pc's ate behind routers or modems. My question : Both the pc's have public IP of each other. That public IP is most of the time is either of the router or of the modem. There can be more then one pc's behind those routers and modems. Then how the pc's are communicating. I can understand the packets can reach upto those routers or modems. But what after that. In the packet , destination IP is public IP. Then how the router or modem decides where to send the packet? Can anybody explain me this please. Thanks in advance.

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  • Unidentified network: How to configure TCP/IPv4 for Win7?

    - by Zolomon
    When I try to connect to internet I keep getting the error "Unidentified network". I've tried numerous attempts at restoring access without success. IP release, flushing DNS cache, reinstalling NIC, reactivating NIC, resetting router and so on... I've read several times that it's my default gateway that's wrong. Currently I've had automatic IP/DNS configuration set without any problems, and then it stopped working for some reason. Anyone know how I specify the IP? My subnetmask is 255.255.255.0, default gateway is 192.168.0.1 but I have no idea how to determine what IP I should set. I use a D-Link DIR-655 and other computers on the network have IPs like 192.168.0.194, next is 192.168.0.197. (I'm completely lost and am trying to cool down after two weekends of debugging filled with despair.)

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  • Windows 7 RDP Problem - connecting to external zone with computer names

    - by alex
    I recently installed Windows 7, all is well so far, apart from using RDP to access computers outside my domain. We use a datacenter, outside of our domain. I was using Windows Vista before (not sure if this is relevant) - I could RDP no problem to the machines (using their machine names - Web10 for example) I have changed my IP address to be the same as it was when i was using vista We use a draytek firewall - we use DMZ Host to map my IP to an external ip- which is allowed to access the datacenter I've disabled windows firewall When i try to connect in Remote Desktop client, using Web10, I can't connect, however, if I enter the actual IP address, i can. I have run out of ideas... any help is appreciated!

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  • Why Can't Computers Off My Network See the Site? [migrated]

    - by nmagerko
    Have just set up Apache, PHP, MySQL, etc. on my Ubuntu OS, and I was wondering why computers that are not on my network can not see the basic index.html that Apache uses as the default. I set up the static ip address for my computer, and I use 192.168.1.100 for computers to view the simple site. Is there something I am missing that will allow others to access my site? (It is REALLY simple; no graphics, CSS, etc.)

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  • Two routers network routing settings

    - by xiamx
    I have two routers, Router A is connected to the internet, and Router B is connected to the LAN port of Router A. Router A: 192.168.1.1 Subnet 255.255.255.0 Router B: IP leased from router A: 192.168.1.2 gateway 192.168.0.1 subnet 255.255.255.0 I have a machine C plugged to router A with ip 192.168.1.3 also a machine D plugged to router B with ip 192.168.0.199 I want to access machine D from a machine C. What settings do I need to change to do that?

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  • How to Opt For C Class IP Addresses

    There are a great number of SEO Hosting Services in the world today that are formulated with the intention of being able to create and develop winning strategies for their websites to rank well on the top search engines of the world. The need for SEO Hosting has come at a time when webmasters are seeking ways in which they can assign multiple C Class IP Addresses to all of their domains and mange as well as create some of the best services that are able to know where webmasters can control all their domains from one single cPanel.

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  • Routing / binding 128 to one server

    - by Andrew
    I have a Ubuntu server with 128 ip's (static external ips 86.xx.xx.16), and I want to crawl pages thru different ip's. The gateway is xx.xxx.xxx.1, the main ip is xx.xxx.xxx.16, and the other 128 ip's are xx.xxx.xxx.129/255. I tried this configuration in /etc/network/interfaces but I doesn't work. It work if I remove the gateway for the aliases eth0:0 and eth0:1. I think this is routing problem. auto lo iface lo inet loopback auto eth0 auto eth0:0 auto eth0:1 iface eth0 inet static address xx.xxx.xxx.16 netmask 255.255.255.128 gateway xx.xxx.xxx.1 iface eth0:0 inet static address xx.xxx.xxx.129 netmask 255.255.255.128 gateway xx.xxx.xxx.1 iface eth0:1 inet static address xx.xxx.xxx.130 netmask 255.255.255.128 gateway xx.xxx.xxx.1 Also, please tell me how to "reset" every changes that I made in networking and routing. Thank you

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  • Blocking Users by IP

    SQL Server MVP Brian Kelley brings us a great new article that solves a problem that might help your security. In this short piece, we learn how we can use logon triggers to block users based on their IP address. New! SQL Monitor HostedStart monitoring your SQL Servers in under 5 minutes. Get clear insights into server performance, whilst we manage the monitoring software. Find out more.

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  • How can I tell if a host is bridged and acting as a router

    - by makerofthings7
    I would like to scan my DMZ for hosts that are bridged between subnets and have routing enabled. Since I have everything from VMWare servers, to load balancers on the DMZ I'm unsure if every host is configured correctly. What IP, ICMP, or SNMP (etc) tricks can I use to poll the hosts and determine if the host is acting as a router? I'm assuming this test would presume I know the target IP, but in a large network with many subnets, I'd have to test many different combinations of networks and see if I get success. Here is one example (ping): For each IP in the DMZ, arp for the host MAC Send a ICMP reply message to that host directed at an online host on each subnet I think that there is a more optimal way to get the information, namely from within ICMP/IP itself, but I'm not sure what low level bits to look for. I would also be interested if it's possible to determine the "router" status without knowing the subnets that the host may be connected to. This would be useful to know when improving our security posture.

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  • Squid 2.7.6 not honoring ACL rules

    - by peppery
    Hello there, I have a /24 block of IP addresses assigned to a single server that I have been attempting to install Squid on an Ubuntu server machine. All of the IP addresses are set up correctly (aliases of eth0) in /etc/networking and work as they should be, using cURL I can specify an interface and it goes out on the correct address as it should be. I would like Squid to take the incoming IP address the request was sourced to and proxy the request out on the same IP (e.g incoming 123.123.123.1:3128 - 123.123.123.1, .2 - .2, etc) and have set up these ACL rules in /etc/squid.conf acl ip1 myip x.x.x.1 tcp_outgoing_address x.x.x.1 ip1 acl ip2 myip x.x.x.2 tcp_outgoing_address x.x.x.2 ip2 acl ip3 myip x.x.x.3 tcp_outgoing_address x.x.x.3 ip3 and so on, as this seems to be the only way to do what I want (from research). However, after much frustration, Squid seems to be ignoring these rules and sending requests out on the default interface. Does anybody have any suggestions? Thanks.

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  • It is okay to set MASQUERADE at 2 network interfaces in a Linux server?

    - by Patrick L
    There is a Linux server with 3 network interfaces, eth0, eth1, eth2. IP forwarding has been turn on in this server. eth0 is connected to 10.0.1.0/24. Its IP is 10.0.1.1. eth1 is connected to 172.16.1.0/24. Its IP is 172.16.1.1. Server A can ping router C at 172.16.1.2. eth2 is connected to 192.168.1.0/24. Its IP is 192.168.1.1. Server A can ping server B at 192.168.1.2. Router C is able to route to 172.16.2.0/24 and 172.16.3.0/24. [10.0.1.0/24] | 172.16.2.0/24------| | [C]------172.16.1.0/24------[A]------192.168.1.0/24------[B] 172.16.3.0/24------| We have set MASQUERADE at eth0. When server B (192.168.1.2) connect to 10.0.1.0/24, IP MASQUERADE will happen at eth0. Can we set MASQUERADE at eth1? Is it okay to set MASQUERADE at more than 1 network interfaces in Linux?

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  • How to make my newly created secondary partition accessible?

    - by cipricus
    I have decided to reinstall my Lubuntu OS and to split on the occasion my partition so as to have a secondary one where long-time files would be stored. When trying to install the system onto the smaller one, I was prompted to set a different mount point for the other (different from /). Not knowing what to do I selected /boot for the second and went on installing on the first one. All was ok except that now the larger/secondary (/boot mount point) partition is not visible. In Gparted it is:

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  • Connecting two IPs like an URL

    - by czesuaf
    I haven't found answer anywhere, so here comes the question. My ISP connected me to a router with thousands of other clients, so my public IP is the same as many others. And I want to make a small private server which can be accessible across whole web. So my home router shows me IP 10.x.x.x and actually my public IP is 89.x.x.x. Is there any way to reach the IP 10.x.x.x from the Internet? Yeah I thought the same about IPv6 but it's still not accessible for me ;[

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  • How does communication between 2 computers in a single network happen?

    - by learner
    Lets say I and my friend connect our computers with a LAN cable. I ping my friend with his IP address. How does it work? Since we are in the same network, we don't even need IP addresses, do we? Isn't IP addressing only relevant in case of inter-network communication? What will the ping command do with his IP address? How will it eventually find his physical address (NIC address)? (no ARP here, because that would involve a router at the edge of the network, which doesn't apply here). Am I wrong somewhere?

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  • How to Use C Class IP Address Range

    Another very important thing that you have to remember is that your site should be able to feature in the very first page of a search engine or else it is of no use. This is how you can use C Class IP address Ranges.

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  • Segment register, IP register and memory addressing issue!

    - by Zia ur Rahman
    In the following text I asked two questions and I also described that what I know about these question so that you can understand my thinking. Your precious comments about the below text are required. Below is the Detail of 1ST Question As we know that if we have one mega byte memory then we need 20 bits to address this memory. Another thing is each memory cell has a physical address which is of 20 bits in 1Mb memory. IP register in IAPX88 is of 16 bits. Now my point of view is, we can not access the memory at all by the IP register because the memory need 20 bit address to be addressed but the IP register is of 16 bits. If we have a memory of 64k then IP register can access this memory because this memory needs 16 bits to be addressed. But incase of 1mb memory IP can’t.tell me am i right or not if not why? Suppose physical address of memory is 11000000000000000101 Now how can we access this memory location by 16 bits. Below is the detail of Next Question: My next question is , suppose IP register is pointing to memory location, and the segment register is also pointing to a memory location (start of the segment), the memory is of 1MB, how we can access a memory location by these two 16 bit registers tell me the sequence of steps how the 20 bits addressable memory location is accessed . If your answer is, we take the segment value and we shift it left by 4 bits and then add the IP value into it to get the 20 bits address, then this raises another question that is the address bus (the address bus should be 20 bits wide), the registers both the segment register and the IP register are of 16 bits each , now if address bus is 20 bits wide then this means that the address bus is connected to both these registers. If its not the case then another thing that comes into my mind is that both these registers generate a 20 bit address and there would be a register which can store 20 bits and this register would be connected to both these register and the address bus as well.

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  • What Keeps You from Changing Your Public IP Address and Wreaking Havoc on the Internet?

    - by Jason Fitzpatrick
    What exactly is preventing you (or anyone else) from changing their IP address and causing all sorts of headaches for ISPs and other Internet users? Today’s Question & Answer session comes to us courtesy of SuperUser—a subdivision of Stack Exchange, a community-driven grouping of Q&A web sites. The Question SuperUser reader Whitemage is curious about what’s preventing him from wantonly changing his IP address and causing trouble: An interesting question was asked of me and I did not know what to answer. So I’ll ask here. Let’s say I subscribed to an ISP and I’m using cable internet access. The ISP gives me a public IP address of 60.61.62.63. What keeps me from changing this IP address to, let’s say, 60.61.62.75, and messing with another consumer’s internet access? For the sake of this argument, let’s say that this other IP address is also owned by the same ISP. Also, let’s assume that it’s possible for me to go into the cable modem settings and manually change the IP address. Under a business contract where you are allocated static addresses, you are also assigned a default gateway, a network address and a broadcast address. So that’s 3 addresses the ISP “loses” to you. That seems very wasteful for dynamically assigned IP addresses, which the majority of customers are. Could they simply be using static arps? ACLs? Other simple mechanisms? Two things to investigate here, why can’t we just go around changing our addresses, and is the assignment process as wasteful as it seems? The Answer SuperUser contributor Moses offers some insight: Cable modems aren’t like your home router (ie. they don’t have a web interface with simple point-and-click buttons that any kid can “hack” into). Cable modems are “looked up” and located by their MAC address by the ISP, and are typically accessed by technicians using proprietary software that only they have access to, that only runs on their servers, and therefore can’t really be stolen. Cable modems also authenticate and cross-check settings with the ISPs servers. The server has to tell the modem whether it’s settings (and location on the cable network) are valid, and simply sets it to what the ISP has it set it for (bandwidth, DHCP allocations, etc). For instance, when you tell your ISP “I would like a static IP, please.”, they allocate one to the modem through their servers, and the modem allows you to use that IP. Same with bandwidth changes, for instance. To do what you are suggesting, you would likely have to break into the servers at the ISP and change what it has set up for your modem. Could they simply be using static arps? ACLs? Other simple mechanisms? Every ISP is different, both in practice and how close they are with the larger network that is providing service to them. Depending on those factors, they could be using a combination of ACL and static ARP. It also depends on the technology in the cable network itself. The ISP I worked for used some form of ACL, but that knowledge was a little beyond my paygrade. I only got to work with the technician’s interface and do routine maintenance and service changes. What keeps me from changing this IP address to, let’s say, 60.61.62.75 and mess with another consumer’s internet access? Given the above, what keeps you from changing your IP to one that your ISP hasn’t specifically given to you is a server that is instructing your modem what it can and can’t do. Even if you somehow broke into the modem, if 60.61.62.75 is already allocated to another customer, then the server will simply tell your modem that it can’t have it. David Schwartz offers some additional insight with a link to a white paper for the really curious: Most modern ISPs (last 13 years or so) will not accept traffic from a customer connection with a source IP address they would not route to that customer were it the destination IP address. This is called “reverse path forwarding”. See BCP 38. Have something to add to the explanation? Sound off in the the comments. Want to read more answers from other tech-savvy Stack Exchange users? Check out the full discussion thread here.     

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  • POST attack on my website

    - by benhowdle89
    Hi, I have a site (humanisms.co.uk) which incorporates a voting system, ie. user clicks "Up" and it sends a parameter to a PHP script via AJAX, the PHP inserts vote into MYSQL db and the new "Up" vote is sent back to the page to update the vote count. This is working great but i've noticed that the number of votes for one of my questions shot up last night. I viewed my webhosts access logs and saw this line: 108.27.195.232 - - [03/Mar/2011:15:20:18 +0000] "POST /vote.php HTTP/1.1" 200 2 "http://www.humanisms.co.uk/" "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; U; Intel Mac OS X 10_6_6; en-US) AppleWebKit/534.16 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/10.0.648.114 Safari/534.16" This is repeated well over 100 times and sometimes more than once a second. Now i know they probably arent sitting there clicking Vote but running some sort of PHP loop? I'm not worried about SQL injection but what can i do to prevent this same IP address from doing this or what can i do in general to avoid this scenario. I should also say that there's no login so anyone can click using the voting system. Thanks

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  • How to use value from primary accessdatasource control as parameter in select query for secondary ac

    - by weedave
    Hi, I'm trying to display all orders placed and I have a primary accessdatasource control that has a select query to get the customer information and the orderID. I want to use the orderID value from this first query as a parameter for the secondary accessdatasource control that selects the product information of the products in the order. In plain english, I want to:- select product info from product table where orderID = ? (where ? is the orderID value from the first query) I have tried the <%#Eval("OrderID")% but I get a "server tag not well formed" error, but I do get results returned when I just type the order ID in, but obviously every result (order) just contains the same product info... <asp:Repeater ID="Repeater1" runat="server" DataSourceID="AccessDataSource1"> <ItemTemplate> <asp:AccessDataSource ID="AccessDataSource2" runat="server" DataFile="~/App_Data/project.mdb" SelectCommand="SELECT orderDetails.OrderID, album.Artist, album.Album, album.Cost, album.ImageURL, orderDetails.Quantity, orderDetails.Total FROM (album INNER JOIN orderDetails ON album.AlbumID = orderDetails.AlbumID) WHERE (orderDetails.OrderID = ? )"> <SelectParameters> // Error is on this line <asp:Parameter Name="OrderID" DefaultValue="<%#Eval ("OrderID")%>" /> </SelectParameters> </asp:AccessDataSource> <div class="viewAllOrdersOrderArea"> <div class="viewAllOrdersOrderSummary"> <p><b>Order ID: </b><%#Eval("OrderID")%></p> <h4>Shipping Details</h4> <p><b>Shipping Address: </b><%#Eval("ShippingName")%>, <%#Eval("ShippingAddress")%>, <%#Eval("ShippingTown")%>, <%#Eval("ShippingPostcode")%></p> <h4>Payment Details</h4> <p><b>Cardholder's Address: </b><%#Eval("CardHolder")%>, <%#Eval("BillingAddress")%>, <%#Eval("BillingTown")%>, <%#Eval("BillingPostcode")%></p> <p><b>Payment Method: </b><%#Eval("CardType")%></p> <p><b>Card Number: </b><%#Eval("CardNumber")%></p> <p><b>Start Date: </b><%#Eval("StartDate")%>, Expiry Date: <%#Eval("ExpiryDate")%></p> <p><b>Security Digits: </b><%#Eval("SecurityDigits")%></p> <h4>Ordered items:</h4> <asp:Repeater ID="Repeater2" runat="server" DataSourceID="AccessDataSource2"> <ItemTemplate> <div style="display: block; float: left;"> <div class="viewAllOrdersProductImage"> <img width="70px" height="70px" alt="<%# Eval("Artist") %> - <%# Eval("Album") %>" src="assets/images/thumbs/<%# Eval("ImageURL") %>" /> </div> <div style="display:block; float:left; padding-top:15px; padding-right:20px;"><p><b><%# Eval("Artist") %> - <%# Eval("Album") %></b></p> <p>£<%# Eval("Cost") %> x <%# Eval("Quantity") %> = £<%#Eval("Total")%></p></div> </div> </ItemTemplate> </asp:Repeater> </div> </div> </ItemTemplate> </asp:Repeater>

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  • ip-up does not trigger when using built-in cisco vpn on mac osx lion

    - by Yasser Sobhdel
    I am using Cisco VPN client over lion and I want to make the ip-up and ip-down work. There is no sign of any action taken when I connect or disconnect this VPN connection. I really doubt whether the syntax has been changed or even this kind if connection is triggering the ip-up. Logically, it must be set over ppp but when using the following codes and instructions on them, there is no sign of any output in the log file: http://www.macfreek.nl/mindmaster/Modify_PPTP_Routing_Table http://www.aidanfindlater.com/use-vpn-for-specific-sites-on-mac-os-x Going for error, which there is no sign of it, using the following page: http://hints.macworld.com/article.php?story=20060616150640529 I couldn't find the /var/log/ppp/vpnd.log log file. Also the files are given full permission 0755 or a+x or even 777 using the following command: sudo chmod a+x /etc/ppp/ip-up Any clue on how to debug this would be appreciated. I am totally confused, netstat -rn -f inet doesn't show the routes. Even when the routes are added manually, closing the VPN connection does not run the ip-down and the routes must be deleted manually.

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  • SmartOS Virtualization with one public IP address

    - by matejkramny
    Is it possible? (title of this question) Googling Virtualization with one public IP address yields nothing useful What I have: SmartOS on a dedicated server. Dedicated server has one public IP address. What I want to do: Host multiple guest OS from that server Problem: Access to the guest through the (server that virtualizes the guest)'s IP address. Is this possible at all? Sorry, newbie to all this Research http://www.machine-unix.com/beginning-with-smartos/#comment-7256 Does not solve my problem - the guide sets up an internal IP http://blog.bgentil.fr/smartos-use-global-zone-as-gateway-for-guests.html Ideas Perhaps it is possible to do host-based translation like with nginx proxy?

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  • Reserving an IP with Netgear router from Time Warner

    - by Sergio Oliveira Jr.
    I tried everything but keep getting the following error: "Duplicated MAC address". Nothing is duplicated. I disconnected the PC that I would like to assign the IP. Basically this is important as I will configure some port forwarding and my notebook must always get the same IP from DHCP. This is called DHCP reservation but apparently is not working on this router. Has anyone being luck to have this working? The model is CG814WG and you have to click on LAN IP under web administration, -Sergio

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  • When I restart my virtual enviorment it does not re-bind to the IP address

    - by RoboTamer
    The IP does no longer respond to a remote ping With restart I mean: lxc-stop -n vm3 lxc-start -n vm3 -f /etc/lxc/vm3.conf -d -- /etc/network/interfaces auto lo iface lo inet loopback up route add -net 127.0.0.0 netmask 255.0.0.0 dev lo down route add -net 127.0.0.0 netmask 255.0.0.0 dev lo # device: eth0 auto eth0 iface eth0 inet manual auto br0 iface br0 inet static address 192.22.189.58 netmask 255.255.255.248 gateway 192.22.189.57 broadcast 192.22.189.63 bridge_ports eth0 bridge_fd 0 bridge_hello 2 bridge_maxage 12 bridge_stp off post-up ip route add 192.22.189.59 dev br0 post-up ip route add 192.22.189.60 dev br0 post-up ip route add 192.22.189.61 dev br0 post-up ip route add 192.22.189.62 dev br0 -- /etc/lxc/vm3.conf lxc.utsname = vm3 lxc.rootfs = /var/lib/lxc/vm3/rootfs lxc.tty = 4 #lxc.pts = 1024 # pseudo tty instance for strict isolation lxc.network.type = veth lxc.network.flags = up lxc.network.link = br0 lxc.network.name = eth0 lxc.network.mtu = 1500 #lxc.cgroup.cpuset.cpus = 0 # security parameter lxc.cgroup.devices.deny = a # Deny all access to devices lxc.cgroup.devices.allow = c 1:3 rwm # dev/null lxc.cgroup.devices.allow = c 1:5 rwm # dev/zero lxc.cgroup.devices.allow = c 5:1 rwm # dev/console lxc.cgroup.devices.allow = c 5:0 rwm # dev/tty lxc.cgroup.devices.allow = c 4:0 rwm # dev/tty0 lxc.cgroup.devices.allow = c 4:1 rwm # dev/tty1 lxc.cgroup.devices.allow = c 4:2 rwm # dev/tty2 lxc.cgroup.devices.allow = c 1:9 rwm # dev/urandon lxc.cgroup.devices.allow = c 1:8 rwm # dev/random lxc.cgroup.devices.allow = c 136:* rwm # dev/pts/* lxc.cgroup.devices.allow = c 5:2 rwm # dev/pts/ptmx lxc.cgroup.devices.allow = c 254:0 rwm # rtc # mounts point lxc.mount.entry=proc /var/lib/lxc/vm3/rootfs/proc proc nodev,noexec,nosuid 0 0 lxc.mount.entry=devpts /var/lib/lxc/vm3/rootfs/dev/pts devpts defaults 0 0 lxc.mount.entry=sysfs /var/lib/lxc/vm3/rootfs/sys sysfs defaults 0 0

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