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  • What is the current state of Ubuntu's transition from init scripts to Upstart? [migrated]

    - by Adam Eberlin
    What is the current state of Ubuntu's transition from init.d scripts to upstart? I was curious, so I compared the contents of /etc/init.d/ to /etc/init/ on one of our development machines, which is running Ubuntu 12.04 LTS Server. # /etc/init.d/ # /etc/init/ acpid acpid.conf apache2 --------------------------- apparmor --------------------------- apport apport.conf atd atd.conf bind9 --------------------------- bootlogd --------------------------- cgroup-lite cgroup-lite.conf --------------------------- console.conf console-setup console-setup.conf --------------------------- container-detect.conf --------------------------- control-alt-delete.conf cron cron.conf dbus dbus.conf dmesg dmesg.conf dns-clean --------------------------- friendly-recovery --------------------------- --------------------------- failsafe.conf --------------------------- flush-early-job-log.conf --------------------------- friendly-recovery.conf grub-common --------------------------- halt --------------------------- hostname hostname.conf hwclock hwclock.conf hwclock-save hwclock-save.conf irqbalance irqbalance.conf killprocs --------------------------- lxc lxc.conf lxc-net lxc-net.conf module-init-tools module-init-tools.conf --------------------------- mountall.conf --------------------------- mountall-net.conf --------------------------- mountall-reboot.conf --------------------------- mountall-shell.conf --------------------------- mounted-debugfs.conf --------------------------- mounted-dev.conf --------------------------- mounted-proc.conf --------------------------- mounted-run.conf --------------------------- mounted-tmp.conf --------------------------- mounted-var.conf networking networking.conf network-interface network-interface.conf network-interface-container network-interface-container.conf network-interface-security network-interface-security.conf newrelic-sysmond --------------------------- ondemand --------------------------- plymouth plymouth.conf plymouth-log plymouth-log.conf plymouth-splash plymouth-splash.conf plymouth-stop plymouth-stop.conf plymouth-upstart-bridge plymouth-upstart-bridge.conf postgresql --------------------------- pppd-dns --------------------------- procps procps.conf rc rc.conf rc.local --------------------------- rcS rcS.conf --------------------------- rc-sysinit.conf reboot --------------------------- resolvconf resolvconf.conf rsync --------------------------- rsyslog rsyslog.conf screen-cleanup screen-cleanup.conf sendsigs --------------------------- setvtrgb setvtrgb.conf --------------------------- shutdown.conf single --------------------------- skeleton --------------------------- ssh ssh.conf stop-bootlogd --------------------------- stop-bootlogd-single --------------------------- sudo --------------------------- --------------------------- tty1.conf --------------------------- tty2.conf --------------------------- tty3.conf --------------------------- tty4.conf --------------------------- tty5.conf --------------------------- tty6.conf udev udev.conf udev-fallback-graphics udev-fallback-graphics.conf udev-finish udev-finish.conf udevmonitor udevmonitor.conf udevtrigger udevtrigger.conf ufw ufw.conf umountfs --------------------------- umountnfs.sh --------------------------- umountroot --------------------------- --------------------------- upstart-socket-bridge.conf --------------------------- upstart-udev-bridge.conf urandom --------------------------- --------------------------- ureadahead.conf --------------------------- ureadahead-other.conf --------------------------- wait-for-state.conf whoopsie whoopsie.conf To be honest, I'm not entirely sure if I'm interpreting the division of responsibilities properly, as I didn't expect to see any overlap (of what framework handles which services). So I was quite surprised to learn that there was a significant amount of overlap in service references, in addition to being unable to discern which of the two was intended to be the primary service framework. Why does there seem to be a fair amount of redundancy in individual service handling between init.d and upstart? Is something else at play here that I'm missing? What is preventing upstart from completely taking over for init.d? Is there some functionality that certain daemons require which upstart does not yet have, which are preventing some services from converting? Or is it something else entirely?

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  • Ubuntu 10.04: Unable to Start RabbitMQ Server Post-Installation

    - by Garland W. Binns
    After installing RabbitMQ on Ubuntu 10.04 I receive a failure message that the service was unable to start. Any insight into the issue would be greatly appreciated! Below are contents of startup_log and startup_err. Startup_log: {error_logger,{{2012,7,7},{15,50,31}},"Protocol: ~p: register error: ~p~n",["inet_tcp",{{badmatch,{error,etimedout}},[{inet_tcp_dist,listen,1},{net_kernel,start_protos,4},{net_kernel,start_protos,3},{net_kernel,init_node,2},{net_kernel,init,1},{gen_server,init_it,6},{proc_lib,init_p_do_apply,3}]}]} {error_logger,{{2012,7,7},{15,50,31}},crash_report,[[{initial_call,{net_kernel,init,['Argument__1']}},{pid,<0.20.0},{registered_name,[]},{error_info,{exit,{error,badarg},[{gen_server,init_it,6},{proc_lib,init_p_do_apply,3}]}},{ancestors,[net_sup,kernel_sup,<0.9.0]},{messages,[]},{links,[#Port<0.100,<0.17.0]},{dictionary,[{longnames,false}]},{trap_exit,true},{status,running},{heap_size,987},{stack_size,24},{reductions,512}],[]]} {error_logger,{{2012,7,7},{15,50,31}},supervisor_report,[{supervisor,{local,net_sup}},{errorContext,start_error},{reason,{'EXIT',nodistribution}},{offender,[{pid,undefined},{name,net_kernel},{mfa,{net_kernel,start_link,[[rabbitmqprelaunch877,shortnames]]}},{restart_type,permanent},{shutdown,2000},{child_type,worker}]}]} {error_logger,{{2012,7,7},{15,50,31}},supervisor_report,[{supervisor,{local,kernel_sup}},{errorContext,start_error},{reason,shutdown},{offender,[{pid,undefined},{name,net_sup},{mfa,{erl_distribution,start_link,[]}},{restart_type,permanent},{shutdown,infinity},{child_type,supervisor}]}]} {error_logger,{{2012,7,7},{15,50,31}},std_info,[{application,kernel},{exited,{shutdown,{kernel,start,[normal,[]]}}},{type,permanent}]} {"Kernel pid terminated",application_controller,"{application_start_failure,kernel,{shutdown,{kernel,start,[normal,[]]}}}"} Startup_err: Crash dump was written to: erl_crash.dump Kernel pid terminated (application_controller) ({application_start_failure,kernel,{shutdown,{kernel,start,[normal,[]]}}})

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  • Can't get the L2TP IPSEC up and running

    - by Maciej Swic
    i have an Ubuntu 11.10 (oneiric) server running on a ReadyNAS. Im planning to use this to accept ipsec+l2tp connections through a router. However, the connection is failing somewhere half through. Using Openswan IPsec U2.6.28/K3.0.0-12-generic and trying to connect with an iOS 5 iPhone 4S. This is how far i can get: auth.log: Jan 19 13:54:11 ubuntu pluto[1990]: added connection description "PSK" Jan 19 13:54:11 ubuntu pluto[1990]: added connection description "L2TP-PSK-NAT" Jan 19 13:54:11 ubuntu pluto[1990]: added connection description "L2TP-PSK-noNAT" Jan 19 13:54:11 ubuntu pluto[1990]: added connection description "passthrough-for-non-l2tp" Jan 19 13:54:11 ubuntu pluto[1990]: listening for IKE messages Jan 19 13:54:11 ubuntu pluto[1990]: NAT-Traversal: Trying new style NAT-T Jan 19 13:54:11 ubuntu pluto[1990]: NAT-Traversal: ESPINUDP(1) setup failed for new style NAT-T family IPv4 (errno=19) Jan 19 13:54:11 ubuntu pluto[1990]: NAT-Traversal: Trying old style NAT-T Jan 19 13:54:11 ubuntu pluto[1990]: adding interface eth0/eth0 192.168.19.99:500 Jan 19 13:54:11 ubuntu pluto[1990]: adding interface eth0/eth0 192.168.19.99:4500 Jan 19 13:54:11 ubuntu pluto[1990]: adding interface lo/lo 127.0.0.1:500 Jan 19 13:54:11 ubuntu pluto[1990]: adding interface lo/lo 127.0.0.1:4500 Jan 19 13:54:11 ubuntu pluto[1990]: adding interface lo/lo ::1:500 Jan 19 13:54:11 ubuntu pluto[1990]: adding interface eth0/eth0 2001:470:28:81:a00:27ff:* Jan 19 13:54:11 ubuntu pluto[1990]: loading secrets from "/etc/ipsec.secrets" Jan 19 13:54:11 ubuntu pluto[1990]: loading secrets from "/var/lib/openswan/ipsec.secrets.inc" Jan 19 14:04:31 ubuntu pluto[1990]: packet from 95.*.*.233:500: received Vendor ID payload [RFC 3947] method set to=109 Jan 19 14:04:31 ubuntu pluto[1990]: packet from 95.*.*.233:500: received Vendor ID payload [draft-ietf-ipsec-nat-t-ike] method set to=110 Jan 19 14:04:31 ubuntu pluto[1990]: packet from 95.*.*.233:500: ignoring unknown Vendor ID payload [8f8d83826d246b6fc7a8a6a428c11de8] Jan 19 14:04:31 ubuntu pluto[1990]: packet from 95.*.*.233:500: ignoring unknown Vendor ID payload [439b59f8ba676c4c7737ae22eab8f582] Jan 19 14:04:31 ubuntu pluto[1990]: packet from 95.*.*.233:500: ignoring unknown Vendor ID payload [4d1e0e136deafa34c4f3ea9f02ec7285] Jan 19 14:04:31 ubuntu pluto[1990]: packet from 95.*.*.233:500: ignoring unknown Vendor ID payload [80d0bb3def54565ee84645d4c85ce3ee] Jan 19 14:04:31 ubuntu pluto[1990]: packet from 95.*.*.233:500: ignoring unknown Vendor ID payload [9909b64eed937c6573de52ace952fa6b] Jan 19 14:04:31 ubuntu pluto[1990]: packet from 95.*.*.233:500: received Vendor ID payload [draft-ietf-ipsec-nat-t-ike-03] meth=108, but already using method 110 Jan 19 14:04:31 ubuntu pluto[1990]: packet from 95.*.*.233:500: received Vendor ID payload [draft-ietf-ipsec-nat-t-ike-02] meth=107, but already using method 110 Jan 19 14:04:31 ubuntu pluto[1990]: packet from 95.*.*.233:500: received Vendor ID payload [draft-ietf-ipsec-nat-t-ike-02_n] meth=106, but already using method 110 Jan 19 14:04:31 ubuntu pluto[1990]: packet from 95.*.*.233:500: received Vendor ID payload [Dead Peer Detection] Jan 19 14:04:31 ubuntu pluto[1990]: "PSK"[1] 95.*.*.233 #1: responding to Main Mode from unknown peer 95.*.*.233 Jan 19 14:04:31 ubuntu pluto[1990]: "PSK"[1] 95.*.*.233 #1: transition from state STATE_MAIN_R0 to state STATE_MAIN_R1 Jan 19 14:04:31 ubuntu pluto[1990]: "PSK"[1] 95.*.*.233 #1: STATE_MAIN_R1: sent MR1, expecting MI2 Jan 19 14:04:33 ubuntu pluto[1990]: "PSK"[1] 95.*.*.233 #1: NAT-Traversal: Result using draft-ietf-ipsec-nat-t-ike (MacOS X): both are NATed Jan 19 14:04:33 ubuntu pluto[1990]: "PSK"[1] 95.*.*.233 #1: transition from state STATE_MAIN_R1 to state STATE_MAIN_R2 Jan 19 14:04:33 ubuntu pluto[1990]: "PSK"[1] 95.*.*.233 #1: STATE_MAIN_R2: sent MR2, expecting MI3 Jan 19 14:05:03 ubuntu pluto[1990]: ERROR: asynchronous network error report on eth0 (sport=500) for message to 95.*.*.233 port 500, complainant 95.*.*.233: Connection refused [errno 111, origin ICMP type 3 code 3 (not authenticated)] Router config UDP 500, 1701 and 4500 forwarded to 192.168.19.99 (Ubuntu server for ipsec). Ipsec passthrough enabled. /etc/ipsec.conf # /etc/ipsec.conf - Openswan IPsec configuration file # This file: /usr/share/doc/openswan/ipsec.conf-sample # # Manual: ipsec.conf.5 version 2.0 # conforms to second version of ipsec.conf specification config setup nat_traversal=yes #charonstart=yes #plutostart=yes protostack=netkey conn PSK authby=secret forceencaps=yes pfs=no auto=add keyingtries=3 dpdtimeout=60 dpdaction=clear rekey=no left=192.168.19.99 leftnexthop=192.168.19.1 leftprotoport=17/1701 right=%any rightprotoport=17/%any rightsubnet=vhost:%priv,%no dpddelay=10 #dpdtimeout=10 #dpdaction=clear include /etc/ipsec.d/l2tp-psk.conf /etc/ipsec.d/l2tp-psk.conf conn L2TP-PSK-NAT rightsubnet=vhost:%priv also=L2TP-PSK-noNAT conn L2TP-PSK-noNAT # # PreSharedSecret needs to be specified in /etc/ipsec.secrets as # YourIPAddress %any: "sharedsecret" authby=secret pfs=no auto=add keyingtries=3 # we cannot rekey for %any, let client rekey rekey=no # Set ikelifetime and keylife to same defaults windows has ikelifetime=8h keylife=1h # l2tp-over-ipsec is transport mode type=transport # left=192.168.19.99 # # For updated Windows 2000/XP clients, # to support old clients as well, use leftprotoport=17/%any leftprotoport=17/1701 # # The remote user. # right=%any # Using the magic port of "0" means "any one single port". This is # a work around required for Apple OSX clients that use a randomly # high port, but propose "0" instead of their port. rightprotoport=17/%any dpddelay=10 dpdtimeout=10 dpdaction=clear conn passthrough-for-non-l2tp type=passthrough left=192.168.19.99 leftnexthop=192.168.19.1 right=0.0.0.0 rightsubnet=0.0.0.0/0 auto=route /etc/ipsec.secrets include /var/lib/openswan/ipsec.secrets.inc %any %any: PSK "my-key" 192.168.19.99 %any: PSK "my-key" /etc/xl2tpd/xl2tpd.conf [global] debug network = yes debug tunnel = yes ipsec saref = no listen-addr = 192.168.19.99 [lns default] ip range = 192.168.19.201-192.168.19.220 local ip = 192.168.19.99 require chap = yes refuse chap = no refuse pap = no require authentication = no ppp debug = yes pppoptfile = /etc/ppp/options.xl2tpd length bit = yes /etc/ppp/options.xl2tpd pcp-accept-local ipcp-accept-remote noccp auth crtscts idle 1800 mtu 1410 mru 1410 defaultroute debug lock proxyarp connect-delay 5000 ipcp-accept-local /etc/ppp/chap-secrets # Secrets for authentication using CHAP # client server secret IP addresses maciekish * my-secret * * maciekish my-secret * I can't seem to find the problem. Other ipsec connections to other hosts work from the network im currently at.

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  • Error Ubuntu 11.10 despues de instalar [Error after installing Ubuntu 11.10]

    - by manue
    instale ubuntu 11.10, termino de instalar y no tiene nada, ni aplicaciones, ni esa barrita lateral de unity, no tiene nada, ni si quiera la barra donde aparece la hora; porque? y me aparece un cuadro diciendo que hay un error en el disco y que el fallo es inminente , que es? SMART no entiendo, ayuda Y en otro disco duro con windows xp sp3 se bloquea cuando lo instalo desde el live cd, y desde wubi aparece esto enter link description here que hacer? English translation (via Google Translate, edited) I have installed ubuntu 11.10, after finishing the installing there is nothing, no applications, no the sidebar called unity, there is nothing, not even the bar where time appears, why?. I get a box saying there is an error on the disk and that failure is imminent. What is SMART, I do not understand, help In my other hard drive, with windows xp sp3, it crashes when I try install from the live cd using wubi, this appears, what to do?

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  • How to enable 3D acceleration under VMware workstation 8, Ubuntu 11.10 host, Ubuntu 11.10 guest

    - by Yan Zhou
    I saw there are similar questions, but I don't think they answer exactly my questions. Did anyone managed to get 3D acceleration work under VMWare workstation 8? I have VMware 8.01 installed on Ubuntu 11.10. The guest I am trying is also Ubuntu 11.10. I manually installed vmware-tools and it went well, except the X-config part was skipped as it said the distribution driver is used. The guest runs well but it seems fall back to 2D mode. Does any one has any idea how to enable 3D acceleration under VMWare workstaion with Linux guest?

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  • ifup eth0 failed in Ubuntu 11.10 and Ubuntu 10.04.3

    - by Ajay
    ifup eth0 failed to bring up eth0 First, I have set static ip using the below commands: Commands: ifdown eth0 ifconfig eth0 X.X.X.X netmask 255.255.252.0 up route add default gw X.X.X.X I was successful in setting up static ip X.X.X.X and I could see the same in the output of command "ifconfig". Now I am trying to revert network back to dhcp using the below commands: Commands: ifdown eth0 ifup eth0 Output : RTNETLINK answers: File exists ssh stop/waiting ssh start/running, process 1524 ifup eth0, failed to bring back dhcp. Contents of /etc/network/interfaces root@bdhcp396:~# cat /etc/network/interfaces # The loopback network interface auto lo iface lo inet loopback # The primary network interface auto eth0 iface eth0 inet dhcp Is this a bug in Ubuntu 11.10/10.04.3? I see a similar bug raised - https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/ifupdown/+bug/876829

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  • Give Chromium-Based Browser Desktop Notifications a Native System Look in Ubuntu

    - by Asian Angel
    Desktop notifications from Chromium-based browsers are an awesome feature, but they do not blend in well at all with the native system theming in Ubuntu. Now you can fix that small problem using the wonderful Chromify-OSD extension created by Marco Ceppi. Once you get the extension installed you can give it a quick test run using the link and information we have listed below. As you can see in the image above the new notification style looks absolutely wonderful. Chromify-OSD (Chrome Web Store) [via OMG! Ubuntu!] You can test the new look of the notifications for yourself using the following webpage. Keep in mind that the extension needs to be installed first before this will work though. Note: Enter the following image URL into the Icon Blank (http://www.rgraph.net/images/logo.png) or the URL for an appropriate image, otherwise the notification may not work properly during your test. Chromify Sample HTML5 Notification Test Page The wallpaper shown in the screenshot above can be downloaded here: anime sport [DesktopNexus] Latest Features How-To Geek ETC How to Enable User-Specific Wireless Networks in Windows 7 How to Use Google Chrome as Your Default PDF Reader (the Easy Way) How To Remove People and Objects From Photographs In Photoshop Ask How-To Geek: How Can I Monitor My Bandwidth Usage? Internet Explorer 9 RC Now Available: Here’s the Most Interesting New Stuff Here’s a Super Simple Trick to Defeating Fake Anti-Virus Malware The Citroen GT – An Awesome Video Game Car Brought to Life [Video] Final Man vs. Machine Round of Jeopardy Unfolds; Watson Dominates Give Chromium-Based Browser Desktop Notifications a Native System Look in Ubuntu Chrome Time Track Is a Simple Task Time Tracker Google Sky Map Turns Your Android Phone into a Digital Telescope Walking Through a Seaside Village Wallpaper

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  • Ubuntu...I love you, I hate you

    - by gregarobinson
     I have been working on seeing if a .NET 3.5 application will port over to Linux, Ubuntu to be specific. I started with version 9.01, then 9.10 and now 10.04 as I find more and more that I need from Mono. I have a dual boot on a dev box, Windows 7 and Ubuntu. An upgrade from Ubuntu 9.01 to 9.10 caused my mouse and keyboard to lock up. I was able to boot from a 9.10 cd. Then, I upgraded to 10.04 as I needed Mono 2,2. Upgrade worked, lost my windows boot though. it seems grub somehow jumped in and messed up the windows boot. After Googlign liek crazy and trying this and that, these 2 links finally got me my windows boot back:http://sourceforge.net/apps/mediawiki/bootinfoscript/index.php?title=Boot_Problems:Boot_Sector http://support.microsoft.com/kb/927392So, I am now thinking about trying SuSe instead as I hear\read it's more stable. I think a lot of my pains have been related to learning and getting use to Linux.        

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  • OSB and Ubuntu 10.04 - Too Many Open Files

    - by jeff.x.davies
    When installing the latest Oracle Service Bus (11gR1PS3) onto my Ubuntu 10.04 system, the Eclipse IDE was complaining about there being too many open files. The Oracle Service Bus and the Oracle Enterprise Pack for Eclipse (aka OEPE) do make use of ALOT of files. By default, Ubuntu will restrict each user to 1024 open files. A much more realistic number for OSB development is 4096. Changing the file limit in Ubuntu is fairly simple (if arcane). You will need to modify two different files and then restart your server. First, you need to modify the limits.conf file as the root user. Open a terminal window and enter the following command: sudo gedit /etc/security/limits.conf Add the following 2 lines to the file. The asterisk simply means that the rule will apply to all users. * soft nofile 4096 * hard nofile 4096 Save your changes and close gedit. The second file to change is the common-session file. Use the following command: sudo gedit /etc/pam.d/common-session Add the following line: session required pam_limits.so Save the file and exit gedit. Restart your machine. You shouldn't have any more problems with too many open files anymore.

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  • Searching for Ubuntu video I saw that covered Ubuntu One

    - by Elijah Lynn
    I have been searching for an Ubuntu video I saw 1-2 months ago where they guy was demonstrating Ubuntu One and how he used it to sync local profile stuff across different machines. Has anyone seen this? I forgot exactly what it was about but I know he spent a minute or two on the video if not the whole video. I searched all my web history as well as youtube history but no go. Not sure if we are allowed to ask these questions but here goes.

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  • Ubuntu 12.10 over Ubuntu 11.10 seems to hang

    - by Angela Trapp
    My installation of Ubuntu 12.10 over Ubuntu 11.10 seems to hang on "saving installed packages". How long should I wait before knowing for sure that something is wrong? I stopped it once and tried re-installing but am getting the same results. I'm installing from a USB stick. I'm connected to the internet using a wired connection but I'm reading here to connect to a wi-fi network while installing. Could this possibly be the issue? I can't install using wi-fi at the moment as my router was fried in a brownout yesterday. I've ordered another router online so as soon as it gets in, I'll try again. Any suggestions are appreciated! Please let me know if you need more information. It's a 32-bit installation and I have 1 GB of memory. Thanks!

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  • MacBook Pro (5) touchpad stops working after upgrading from Ubuntu 10.10 to Ubuntu 11.04

    - by Rob
    After upgrading from Ubuntu 10.10 to Ubuntu 11.04, my MacBook Pro's touchpad stopped working. It works fine on the login screen, but after logging in it stops working. (Answering my own question, in the hope that it saves someone else a bit of head scratching. I'm a new user, so couldn't answer in a separate post for the next few hours). After the upgrade, your Gnome desktop configuration may have gone awry. There are a few settings which enable or disable the touchpad in certain contexts which may need tweaking to get the touchpad working again. Here's how I got mine working again: Hit Alt-F2, and run 'gconf-editor' Navigate to desktop-gnome-peripherals Ensure that peripherals-touchpad:touchpad is enabled. Ensure that peripherals-bcm5974:disable_while_other_device_exists is disabled. 'bcm5974' is probably specific to my MacBook Pro's hardware, so you may need to search around for variable disable_while_other_device_exists under the entries listed under peripherals. HTH

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  • Ubuntu not picking up wireless networks [Ubuntu 12.10]

    - by user114772
    i am new to Ubuntu & just installed it on my DELL mini laptop, when i open the network tab it does not show the wireless networks around me, neither does it show mine, i have enabled networking but it still does not pick up any wireless. I am pretty sure my wireless network is not hidden, since i can connect to it on my other laptop, anyone have any idead on what i could be? It worked once when i was running Ubuntu on my USB, but when i installed it to the hard drive as a main OS it did not list any wireless networks.

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  • How to set the hostname according to the DNS name on Ubuntu 9.10?

    - by tangens
    Motivation I have to manage a lot of virtual machines that I create by copying a template (VmWare image). Problem Now I have the problem that in the template the file /etc/hostname contains a given name that I want to change for each copy of the template. Facts The network interface is configured by DHCP. DNS entries exist. The system is a Ubuntu 9.10 server. Question I wonder if I can configure the template so that on startup it sets its hostname according to its DNS name. I could create an init script that parses the IP address, makes a DNS lookup and sets the hostname accordingly. But is there an easier way?

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  • Why do I have no TTY on a basic Ubuntu 9.10 server install?

    - by pr1001
    I have reinstalled Ubuntu 9.10 Server several times on a bog standard 1RU server and each time I finish the install and reboot I see GRUB run and am then presented with a black screen. The machine is running just fine, as I am able to SSH in, but I can't see anything on the attached monitor. I have a simple LCD screen connected via VGA and a signal is apparently being output to it, as it doesn't go asleep. Looking at /var/log/syslog I see: Mar 24 14:57:44 bridge5 rsyslogd-2039: Could no open output file '/dev/xconsole' [try http://www.rsyslog.com/e/2039 ] However, I later see: Mar 24 14:57:44 bridge5 kernel: [ 0.001368] console [tty0] enabled Any thoughts? Thanks!

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  • What version of Ubuntu to use for Desktop with 8Gb RAM?

    - by Alexander
    This may sound as a stupid question, but I am really interested whether Ubuntu Desktop i386 will be able to use all my available RAM. I want to use the latest, non-LTS version, 10.10. It says on the website that it's (i386) the Recommended version. I also recall that Flash Player had issues with 64 bit Linux. Also, the 64 bit version is listed in the Universal USB Installer as amd64. Does this mean that it's using instruction sets specific to AMD CPUs? (I have an Intel) Will it work fine with Intel? So which one to download and install? What to do to be able to use 8Gb of RAM?

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  • Why do I have no TTY on a basic Ubuntu 9.10 server install?

    - by pr1001
    I have reinstalled Ubuntu 9.10 Server several times on a bog standard 1RU server and each time I finish the install and reboot I see GRUB run and am then presented with a black screen. The machine is running just fine, as I am able to SSH in, but I can't see anything on the attached monitor. I have a simple LCD screen connected via VGA and a signal is apparently being output to it, as it doesn't go asleep. Looking at /var/log/syslog I see: Mar 24 14:57:44 bridge5 rsyslogd-2039: Could no open output file '/dev/xconsole' [try http://www.rsyslog.com/e/2039 ] However, I later see: Mar 24 14:57:44 bridge5 kernel: [ 0.001368] console [tty0] enabled Any thoughts? Thanks!

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  • BIND unstable with DLZ+MySQL on Ubuntu 9.10, any ideas?

    - by Chris
    My BIND server keeps dropping out and I can't work out why. Here is some info from the syslog that I think pertains to the failure(s): Apr 22 21:12:17 dnsdebug named[6613]: mysql driver unable to return result set for lookup query Apr 22 21:12:17 dnsdebug kernel: [285552.573949] type=1503 audit(1271963537.759:53): operation="open" pid=6618 parent=1 profile="/usr/sbin/named" requested_mask="::rw" denied_mask="::rw" fsuid=107 ouid=0 name="/dev/tty" Apr 22 21:12:17 dnsdebug named[6613]: mysql driver unable to return result set for lookup query Apr 22 21:13:17 dnsdebug named[6613]: last message repeated 7 times Any ideas? Mysql had a segfault sometimes, but that seems to be no longer an issue. It's the 64bit version of ubuntu too. Sometimes it will return records just fine, other times it appears to just randomly go down.

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  • NHibernate - I have many, but I only want one!

    - by MartinF
    Hello, I have a User which can have many Emails. This is mapped through a List collection (exposed by IEnumerable Emails on the User). For each User one of the Emails will be the Primary one ("Boolean IsPrimary" property on Email). How can I get the primary Email from User without NHibernate loads every email for the User ? I have the following two entities, with a corresponding table for each public class User { public virtual int Id { get; set; } public virtual IEnumerable<Email> Emails { get; set; } // public virtual Email PrimaryEmail { get; set; } - Possible somehow ? } public class Email { public virtual int Id { get; set; } public virtual String Address { get; set; } public virtual Boolean IsPrimary { get; set; } public virtual User User { get; set; } } Can I map a "Email PrimaryEmail" property etc. on the User to the Email which have "IsPrimary=1" set somehow ? Maybe using a Sql Formula ? a View ? a One-To-One relationship ? or another way ? It should be possible to change the primary email to be one of the other emails, so i would like to keep them all in 1 table and just change the IsPrimary property. Using a Sql Formula, is it be possible to keep the "PrimaryEmail" property on the User up-to-date, if I set the IsPrimary property on the current primary email to false, and then afterwards set the PrimaryEmail property to the email which should be the new primary email and set IsPrimary to true ? Will NHibernate track changes on the "old/current" primary Email loaded by the Sql Formula ? What about the 1 level cache and the 2 level cache when using SqlFormula ? I dont know if it could work by using a View ? Then i guess the Email could be mapped like a Component ? Will it work when updating the Email data when loaded from the View ? Is there a better way ? As I have a bi-directional relationship between User and Email I could in many cases of course query the primary Email and then use the "User" property on the Email to get the User (instead of the other way around - going from User to the primary Email) Hope someone can help ?

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  • Faster, Simpler access to Azure Tables with Enzo Azure API

    - by Herve Roggero
    After developing the latest version of Enzo Cloud Backup I took the time to create an API that would simplify access to Azure Tables (the Enzo Azure API). At first, my goal was to make the code simpler compared to the Microsoft Azure SDK. But as it turns out it is also a little faster; and when using the specialized methods (the fetch strategies) it is much faster out of the box than the Microsoft SDK, unless you start creating complex parallel and resilient routines yourself. Last but not least, I decided to add a few extension methods that I think you will find attractive, such as the ability to transform a list of entities into a DataTable. So let’s review each area in more details. Simpler Code My first objective was to make the API much easier to use than the Azure SDK. I wanted to reduce the amount of code necessary to fetch entities, remove the code needed to add automatic retries and handle transient conditions, and give additional control, such as a way to cancel operations, obtain basic statistics on the calls, and control the maximum number of REST calls the API generates in an attempt to avoid throttling conditions in the first place (something you cannot do with the Azure SDK at this time). Strongly Typed Before diving into the code, the following examples rely on a strongly typed class called MyData. The way MyData is defined for the Azure SDK is similar to the Enzo Azure API, with the exception that they inherit from different classes. With the Azure SDK, classes that represent entities must inherit from TableServiceEntity, while classes with the Enzo Azure API must inherit from BaseAzureTable or implement a specific interface. // With the SDK public class MyData1 : TableServiceEntity {     public string Message { get; set; }     public string Level { get; set; }     public string Severity { get; set; } } //  With the Enzo Azure API public class MyData2 : BaseAzureTable {     public string Message { get; set; }     public string Level { get; set; }     public string Severity { get; set; } } Simpler Code Now that the classes representing an Azure Table entity are defined, let’s review the methods that the Azure SDK would look like when fetching all the entities from an Azure Table (note the use of a few variables: the _tableName variable stores the name of the Azure Table, and the ConnectionString property returns the connection string for the Storage Account containing the table): // With the Azure SDK public List<MyData1> FetchAllEntities() {      CloudStorageAccount storageAccount = CloudStorageAccount.Parse(ConnectionString);      CloudTableClient tableClient = storageAccount.CreateCloudTableClient();      TableServiceContext serviceContext = tableClient.GetDataServiceContext();      CloudTableQuery<MyData1> partitionQuery =         (from e in serviceContext.CreateQuery<MyData1>(_tableName)         select new MyData1()         {            PartitionKey = e.PartitionKey,            RowKey = e.RowKey,            Timestamp = e.Timestamp,            Message = e.Message,            Level = e.Level,            Severity = e.Severity            }).AsTableServiceQuery<MyData1>();        return partitionQuery.ToList();  } This code gives you automatic retries because the AsTableServiceQuery does that for you. Also, note that this method is strongly-typed because it is using LINQ. Although this doesn’t look like too much code at first glance, you are actually mapping the strongly-typed object manually. So for larger entities, with dozens of properties, your code will grow. And from a maintenance standpoint, when a new property is added, you may need to change the mapping code. You will also note that the mapping being performed is optional; it is desired when you want to retrieve specific properties of the entities (not all) to reduce the network traffic. If you do not specify the properties you want, all the properties will be returned; in this example we are returning the Message, Level and Severity properties (in addition to the required PartitionKey, RowKey and Timestamp). The Enzo Azure API does the mapping automatically and also handles automatic reties when fetching entities. The equivalent code to fetch all the entities (with the same three properties) from the same Azure Table looks like this: // With the Enzo Azure API public List<MyData2> FetchAllEntities() {        AzureTable at = new AzureTable(_accountName, _accountKey, _ssl, _tableName);        List<MyData2> res = at.Fetch<MyData2>("", "Message,Level,Severity");        return res; } As you can see, the Enzo Azure API returns the entities already strongly typed, so there is no need to map the output. Also, the Enzo Azure API makes it easy to specify the list of properties to return, and to specify a filter as well (no filter was provided in this example; the filter is passed as the first parameter).  Fetch Strategies Both approaches discussed above fetch the data sequentially. In addition to the linear/sequential fetch methods, the Enzo Azure API provides specific fetch strategies. Fetch strategies are designed to prepare a set of REST calls, executed in parallel, in a way that performs faster that if you were to fetch the data sequentially. For example, if the PartitionKey is a GUID string, you could prepare multiple calls, providing appropriate filters ([‘a’, ‘b’[, [‘b’, ‘c’[, [‘c’, ‘d[, …), and send those calls in parallel. As you can imagine, the code necessary to create these requests would be fairly large. With the Enzo Azure API, two strategies are provided out of the box: the GUID and List strategies. If you are interested in how these strategies work, see the Enzo Azure API Online Help. Here is an example code that performs parallel requests using the GUID strategy (which executes more than 2 t o3 times faster than the sequential methods discussed previously): public List<MyData2> FetchAllEntitiesGUID() {     AzureTable at = new AzureTable(_accountName, _accountKey, _ssl, _tableName);     List<MyData2> res = at.FetchWithGuid<MyData2>("", "Message,Level,Severity");     return res; } Faster Results With Sequential Fetch Methods Developing a faster API wasn’t a primary objective; but it appears that the performance tests performed with the Enzo Azure API deliver the data a little faster out of the box (5%-10% on average, and sometimes to up 50% faster) with the sequential fetch methods. Although the amount of data is the same regardless of the approach (and the REST calls are almost exactly identical), the object mapping approach is different. So it is likely that the slight performance increase is due to a lighter API. Using LINQ offers many advantages and tremendous flexibility; nevertheless when fetching data it seems that the Enzo Azure API delivers faster.  For example, the same code previously discussed delivered the following results when fetching 3,000 entities (about 1KB each). The average elapsed time shows that the Azure SDK returned the 3000 entities in about 5.9 seconds on average, while the Enzo Azure API took 4.2 seconds on average (39% improvement). With Fetch Strategies When using the fetch strategies we are no longer comparing apples to apples; the Azure SDK is not designed to implement fetch strategies out of the box, so you would need to code the strategies yourself. Nevertheless I wanted to provide out of the box capabilities, and as a result you see a test that returned about 10,000 entities (1KB each entity), and an average execution time over 5 runs. The Azure SDK implemented a sequential fetch while the Enzo Azure API implemented the List fetch strategy. The fetch strategy was 2.3 times faster. Note that the following test hit a limit on my network bandwidth quickly (3.56Mbps), so the results of the fetch strategy is significantly below what it could be with a higher bandwidth. Additional Methods The API wouldn’t be complete without support for a few important methods other than the fetch methods discussed previously. The Enzo Azure API offers these additional capabilities: - Support for batch updates, deletes and inserts - Conversion of entities to DataRow, and List<> to a DataTable - Extension methods for Delete, Merge, Update, Insert - Support for asynchronous calls and cancellation - Support for fetch statistics (total bytes, total REST calls, retries…) For more information, visit http://www.bluesyntax.net or go directly to the Enzo Azure API page (http://www.bluesyntax.net/EnzoAzureAPI.aspx). About Herve Roggero Herve Roggero, Windows Azure MVP, is the founder of Blue Syntax Consulting, a company specialized in cloud computing products and services. Herve's experience includes software development, architecture, database administration and senior management with both global corporations and startup companies. Herve holds multiple certifications, including an MCDBA, MCSE, MCSD. He also holds a Master's degree in Business Administration from Indiana University. Herve is the co-author of "PRO SQL Azure" from Apress and runs the Azure Florida Association (on LinkedIn: http://www.linkedin.com/groups?gid=4177626). For more information on Blue Syntax Consulting, visit www.bluesyntax.net.

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  • How do I find the cause for a huge difference in performance between two identical Ubuntu servers?

    - by the.duckman
    I am running two Dell R410 servers in the same rack of a data center. Both have the same hardware configuration, run Ubuntu 10.4, have the same packages installed and run the same Java web servers. No other load. One of them is 20-30% faster than the other, very consistently. I used dstat to figure out, if there are more context switches, IO, swapping or anything, but I see no reason for the difference. With the same workload, (no swapping, virtually no IO), the cpu usage and load is higher on one server. So the difference appears to be mainly CPU bound, but while a simple cpu benchmark using sysbench (with all other load turned off) did yield a difference, it was only 6%. So maybe it is not only CPU but also memory performance. I tried to figure out if the BIOS settings differ in some parameter, did a dump using dmidecode, but that yielded no difference. I compared /proc/cpuinfo, no difference. I compared the output of cpufreq-info, no difference. I am lost. What can I do, to figure out, what is going on?

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