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  • Is there any benefit to my rather quirky character sizing convention?

    - by Paul Alan Taylor
    I love things that are a power of 2. I celebrated my 32nd birthday knowing it was the last time in 32 years I'd be able to claim that my age was a power of 2. I'm obsessed. It's like being some Z-list Batman villain, except without the colourful adventures and a face full of batarangs. I ensure that all my enum values are powers of 2, if only for future bitwise operations, and I'm reasonably assured that there is some purpose (even if latent) for doing it. Where I'm less sure, is in how I define the lengths of database fields. Again, I can't help it. Everything ends up being a power of 2. CREATE TABLE Person ( PersonID int IDENTITY PRIMARY KEY ,Firstname varchar(64) ,Surname varchar(128) ) Can any SQL super-boffins who know about the internals of how stuff is stored and retrieved tell me whether there is any benefit to my inexplicable obsession? Is it more efficient to size character fields this way? Can anyone pop in with an "actually, what you're doing works because ....."? I suspect I'm just getting crazier in my older age, but it'd be nice to know that there is some method to my madness.

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  • How do you convert a parent-child (adjacency) table to a nested set using PHP and MySQL?

    - by mrbinky3000
    I've spent the last few hours trying to find the solution to this question online. I've found plenty of examples on how to convert from nested set to adjacency... but few that go the other way around. The examples I have found either don't work or use MySQL procedures. Unfortunately, I can't use procedures for this project. I need a pure PHP solution. I have a table that uses the adjacency model below: id parent_id category 1 0 ROOT_NODE 2 1 Books 3 1 CD's 4 1 Magazines 5 2 Books/Hardcover 6 2 Books/Large Format 7 4 Magazines/Vintage And I would like to convert it to a Nested Set table below: id left right category 1 1 14 Root Node 2 2 7 Books 3 3 4 Books/Hardcover 4 5 6 Books/Large Format 5 8 9 CD's 6 10 13 Magazines 7 11 12 Magazines/Vintage Here is an image of what I need: I have a function, based on the pseudo code from this forum post (http://www.sitepoint.com/forums/showthread.php?t=320444) but it doesn't work. I get multiple rows that have the same value for left. This should not happen. <?php /** -- -- Table structure for table `adjacent_table` -- CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `adjacent_table` ( `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, `father_id` int(11) DEFAULT NULL, `category` varchar(128) DEFAULT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`id`) ) ENGINE=MyISAM DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1 AUTO_INCREMENT=8 ; -- -- Dumping data for table `adjacent_table` -- INSERT INTO `adjacent_table` (`id`, `father_id`, `category`) VALUES (1, 0, 'ROOT'), (2, 1, 'Books'), (3, 1, 'CD''s'), (4, 1, 'Magazines'), (5, 2, 'Hard Cover'), (6, 2, 'Large Format'), (7, 4, 'Vintage'); -- -- Table structure for table `nested_table` -- CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `nested_table` ( `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, `lft` int(11) DEFAULT NULL, `rgt` int(11) DEFAULT NULL, `category` varchar(128) DEFAULT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`id`) ) ENGINE=MyISAM DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1 AUTO_INCREMENT=1 ; */ mysql_connect('localhost','USER','PASSWORD') or die(mysql_error()); mysql_select_db('DATABASE') or die(mysql_error()); adjacent_to_nested(0); /** * adjacent_to_nested * * Reads a "adjacent model" table and converts it to a "Nested Set" table. * @param integer $i_id Should be the id of the "root node" in the adjacent table; * @param integer $i_left Should only be used on recursive calls. Holds the current value for lft */ function adjacent_to_nested($i_id, $i_left = 0) { // the right value of this node is the left value + 1 $i_right = $i_left + 1; // get all children of this node $a_children = get_source_children($i_id); foreach ($a_children as $a) { // recursive execution of this function for each child of this node // $i_right is the current right value, which is incremented by the // import_from_dc_link_category method $i_right = adjacent_to_nested($a['id'], $i_right); // insert stuff into the our new "Nested Sets" table $s_query = " INSERT INTO `nested_table` (`id`, `lft`, `rgt`, `category`) VALUES( NULL, '".$i_left."', '".$i_right."', '".mysql_real_escape_string($a['category'])."' ) "; if (!mysql_query($s_query)) { echo "<pre>$s_query</pre>\n"; throw new Exception(mysql_error()); } echo "<p>$s_query</p>\n"; // get the newly created row id $i_new_nested_id = mysql_insert_id(); } return $i_right + 1; } /** * get_source_children * * Examines the "adjacent" table and finds all the immediate children of a node * @param integer $i_id The unique id for a node in the adjacent_table table * @return array Returns an array of results or an empty array if no results. */ function get_source_children($i_id) { $a_return = array(); $s_query = "SELECT * FROM `adjacent_table` WHERE `father_id` = '".$i_id."'"; if (!$i_result = mysql_query($s_query)) { echo "<pre>$s_query</pre>\n"; throw new Exception(mysql_error()); } if (mysql_num_rows($i_result) > 0) { while($a = mysql_fetch_assoc($i_result)) { $a_return[] = $a; } } return $a_return; } ?> This is the output of the above script. INSERT INTO nested_table (id, lft, rgt, category) VALUES( NULL, '2', '5', 'Hard Cover' ) INSERT INTO nested_table (id, lft, rgt, category) VALUES( NULL, '2', '7', 'Large Format' ) INSERT INTO nested_table (id, lft, rgt, category) VALUES( NULL, '1', '8', 'Books' ) INSERT INTO nested_table (id, lft, rgt, category) VALUES( NULL, '1', '10', 'CD\'s' ) INSERT INTO nested_table (id, lft, rgt, category) VALUES( NULL, '10', '13', 'Vintage' ) INSERT INTO nested_table (id, lft, rgt, category) VALUES( NULL, '1', '14', 'Magazines' ) INSERT INTO nested_table (id, lft, rgt, category) VALUES( NULL, '0', '15', 'ROOT' ) As you can see, there are multiple rows sharing the lft value of "1" same goes for "2" In a nested-set, the values for left and right must be unique. Here is an example of how to manually number the left and right ID's in a nested set: UPDATE - PROBLEM SOLVED First off, I had mistakenly believed that the source table (the one in adjacent-lists format) needed to be altered to include a source node. This is not the case. Secondly, I found a cached page on BING (of all places) with a class that does the trick. I've altered it for PHP5 and converted the original author's mysql related bits to basic PHP. He was using some DB class. You can convert them to your own database abstraction class later if you want. Obviously, if your "source table" has other columns that you want to move to the nested set table, you will have to adjust the write method in the class below. Hopefully this will save someone else from the same problems in the future. <?php /** -- -- Table structure for table `adjacent_table` -- DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `adjacent_table`; CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `adjacent_table` ( `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, `father_id` int(11) DEFAULT NULL, `category` varchar(128) DEFAULT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`id`) ) ENGINE=MyISAM DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1 AUTO_INCREMENT=8 ; -- -- Dumping data for table `adjacent_table` -- INSERT INTO `adjacent_table` (`id`, `father_id`, `category`) VALUES (1, 0, 'Books'), (2, 0, 'CD''s'), (3, 0, 'Magazines'), (4, 1, 'Hard Cover'), (5, 1, 'Large Format'), (6, 3, 'Vintage'); -- -- Table structure for table `nested_table` -- DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `nested_table`; CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `nested_table` ( `lft` int(11) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0', `rgt` int(11) DEFAULT NULL, `id` int(11) DEFAULT NULL, `category` varchar(128) DEFAULT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`lft`), UNIQUE KEY `id` (`id`), UNIQUE KEY `rgt` (`rgt`) ) ENGINE=MyISAM DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1; */ /** * @class tree_transformer * @author Paul Houle, Matthew Toledo * @created 2008-11-04 * @url http://gen5.info/q/2008/11/04/nested-sets-php-verb-objects-and-noun-objects/ */ class tree_transformer { private $i_count; private $a_link; public function __construct($a_link) { if(!is_array($a_link)) throw new Exception("First parameter should be an array. Instead, it was type '".gettype($a_link)."'"); $this->i_count = 1; $this->a_link= $a_link; } public function traverse($i_id) { $i_lft = $this->i_count; $this->i_count++; $a_kid = $this->get_children($i_id); if ($a_kid) { foreach($a_kid as $a_child) { $this->traverse($a_child); } } $i_rgt=$this->i_count; $this->i_count++; $this->write($i_lft,$i_rgt,$i_id); } private function get_children($i_id) { return $this->a_link[$i_id]; } private function write($i_lft,$i_rgt,$i_id) { // fetch the source column $s_query = "SELECT * FROM `adjacent_table` WHERE `id` = '".$i_id."'"; if (!$i_result = mysql_query($s_query)) { echo "<pre>$s_query</pre>\n"; throw new Exception(mysql_error()); } $a_source = array(); if (mysql_num_rows($i_result)) { $a_source = mysql_fetch_assoc($i_result); } // root node? label it unless already labeled in source table if (1 == $i_lft && empty($a_source['category'])) { $a_source['category'] = 'ROOT'; } // insert into the new nested tree table // use mysql_real_escape_string because one value "CD's" has a single ' $s_query = " INSERT INTO `nested_table` (`id`,`lft`,`rgt`,`category`) VALUES ( '".$i_id."', '".$i_lft."', '".$i_rgt."', '".mysql_real_escape_string($a_source['category'])."' ) "; if (!$i_result = mysql_query($s_query)) { echo "<pre>$s_query</pre>\n"; throw new Exception(mysql_error()); } else { // success: provide feedback echo "<p>$s_query</p>\n"; } } } mysql_connect('localhost','USER','PASSWORD') or die(mysql_error()); mysql_select_db('DATABASE') or die(mysql_error()); // build a complete copy of the adjacency table in ram $s_query = "SELECT `id`,`father_id` FROM `adjacent_table`"; $i_result = mysql_query($s_query); $a_rows = array(); while ($a_rows[] = mysql_fetch_assoc($i_result)); $a_link = array(); foreach($a_rows as $a_row) { $i_father_id = $a_row['father_id']; $i_child_id = $a_row['id']; if (!array_key_exists($i_father_id,$a_link)) { $a_link[$i_father_id]=array(); } $a_link[$i_father_id][]=$i_child_id; } $o_tree_transformer = new tree_transformer($a_link); $o_tree_transformer->traverse(0); ?>

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  • MySQL db Audit Trail Trigger

    - by Natkeeran
    I need to track changes (audit trail) in certain tables in a MySql Db. I am trying to implement the solution suggested here. I have an AuditLog Table with the following columns: AuditLogID, TableName, RowPK, FieldName, OldValue, NewValue, TimeStamp. The mysql stored procedure is the following (this executes fine, and creates the procedure): The call to the procedure such as: CALL addLogTrigger('ProductTypes', 'ProductTypeID'); executes, but does not create any triggers (see the image). SHOW TRIGGERS returns empty set. Please let me know what could be the issue, or an alternate way to implement this. DROP PROCEDURE IF EXISTS addLogTrigger; DELIMITER $ CREATE PROCEDURE addLogTrigger(IN tableName VARCHAR(255), IN pkField VARCHAR(255)) BEGIN SELECT CONCAT( 'DELIMITER $\n', 'CREATE TRIGGER ', tableName, '_AU AFTER UPDATE ON ', tableName, ' FOR EACH ROW BEGIN ', GROUP_CONCAT( CONCAT( 'IF NOT( OLD.', column_name, ' <=> NEW.', column_name, ') THEN INSERT INTO AuditLog (', 'TableName, ', 'RowPK, ', 'FieldName, ', 'OldValue, ', 'NewValue' ') VALUES ( ''', table_name, ''', NEW.', pkField, ', ''', column_name, ''', OLD.', column_name, ', NEW.', column_name, '); END IF;' ) SEPARATOR ' ' ), ' END;$' ) FROM information_schema.columns WHERE table_schema = database() AND table_name = tableName; END$ DELIMITER ;

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  • MSSQL: Views that use SELECT * need to be recreated if the underlying table changes

    - by cbp
    Is there a way to make views that use SELECT * stay in sync with the underlying table. What I have discovered is that if changes are made to the underlying table, from which all columns are to be selected, the view needs to be 'recreated'. This can be achieved simly by running an ALTER VIEW statement. However this can lead to some pretty dangerous situations. If you forgot to recreate the view, it will not be returning the correct data. In fact it can be returning seriously messed up data - with the names of the columns all wrong and out of order. Nothing will pick up that the view is wrong unless you happened to have it covered by a test, or a data integrity check fails. For example, Red Gate SQL Compare doesn't pick up the fact that the view needs to be recreated. To replicate the problem, try these statements: CREATE TABLE Foobar (Bar varchar(20)) CREATE VIEW v_Foobar AS SELECT * FROM Foobar INSERT INTO Foobar (Bar) VALUES ('Hi there') SELECT * FROM v_Foobar ALTER TABLE Foobar ADD Baz varchar(20) SELECT * FROM v_Foobar DROP VIEW v_Foobar DROP TABLE Foobar I am tempted to stop using SELECT * in views, which will be a PITA. Is there a setting somewhere perhaps that could fix this behaviour?

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  • Creating an appropriate index for a frequently used query in SQL Server

    - by Slauma
    In my application I have two queries which will be quite frequently used. The Where clauses of these queries are the following: WHERE FieldA = @P1 AND (FieldB = @P2 OR FieldC = @P2) and WHERE FieldA = @P1 AND FieldB = @P2 P1 and P2 are parameters entered in the UI or coming from external datasources. FieldA is an int and highly on-unique, means: only two, three, four different values in a table with say 20000 rows FieldB is a varchar(20) and is "almost" unique, there will be only very few rows where FieldB might have the same value FieldC is a varchar(15) and also highly distinct, but not as much as FieldB FieldA and FieldB together are unique (but do not form my primary key, which is a simple auto-incrementing identity column with a clustered index) I'm wondering now what's the best way to define an index to speed up specifically these two queries. Shall I define one index with... FieldB (or better FieldC here?) FieldC (or better FieldB here?) FieldA ... or better two indices: FieldB FieldA and FieldC FieldA Or are there even other and better options? What's the best way and why? Thank you for suggestions in advance!

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  • MySQL PHP SELECT throwing up an error?

    - by user1909695
    I am trying to make a comment section on my hand made site, using PHP and MySQL. I have got the comments stored in my database, but when I try to SELECT them my site throws up this error, mysql_result() [function.mysql-result]: Unable to jump to row 0 on MySQL result index 9 in /home/a9210109/public_html/comments.php on line 16 My code so far is below <?php $comment = $_POST['comment']; $mysql_host = ""; $mysql_database = ""; $mysql_user = ""; $mysql_password = ""; mysql_connect($mysql_host,$mysql_user,$mysql_password); @mysql_select_db($mysql_database) or die( "Unable to select database"); $CreateTable = "CREATE TABLE comments (comment VARCHAR(255), time VARCHAR(255));"; mysql_query($CreateTable); $UseComment = "INSERT INTO comments VALUES ('$comment')"; mysql_query($UseComment); $SelectComments = "SELECT * FROM comments"; $comments = mysql_query($SelectComments); $num=mysql_numrows($comments); $variable=mysql_result($comments,$i,"comment"); mysql_close(); ?> <a href="#" onclick="toggle_visibility('hidden');">Show/Hide Comments</a> <?php $i=0; while ($i < $num) { $comment=mysql_result($comments,$i,"comment"); echo "<div id='hidden' style='display:none'><h3>$comment</h3></div>"; $i++; } ?>

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  • MSSQL 2005 FOR XML

    - by Lima
    Hi, I am wanting to export data from a table to a specifically formated XML file. I am fairly new to XML files, so what I am after may be quite obvious but I just cant find what I am looking for on the net. The format of the XML results I need are: <data> <event start="May 28 2006 09:00:00 GMT" end="Jun 15 2006 09:00:00 GMT" isDuration="true" title="Writing Timeline documentation" image="http://simile.mit.edu/images/csail-logo.gif"> A few days to write some documentation </event> </data> My table structure is: name VARCHAR(50), description VARCHAR(255), startDate DATETIME, endDate DATETIME (I am not too interested in the XML fields image or isDuration at this point in time). I have tried: SELECT [name] ,[description] ,[startDate] ,[endTime] FROM [testing].[dbo].[time_timeline] FOR XML RAW('event'), ROOT('data'), type Which gives me: <data> <event name="Test1" description="Test 1 Description...." startDate="1900-01-01T00:00:00" endTime="1900-01-01T00:00:00" /> <event name="Test2" description="Test 2 Description...." startDate="1900-01-01T00:00:00" endTime="1900-01-01T00:00:00" /> </data> What I am missing, is the description needs to be outside of the event attributes, and there needs to be a tag. Is anyone able to point me in the correct direction, or point me to a tutorial or similar on how to accomplish this? Thanks, Matt

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  • MySQL Stored Procedures : Use a variable as the database name in a cursor declaration

    - by Justin
    I need to use a variable to indicate what database to query in the declaration of a cursor. Here is a short snippet of the code : CREATE PROCEDURE `update_cdrs_lnp_data`(IN dbName VARCHAR(25), OUT returnCode SMALLINT) cdr_records:BEGIN DECLARE cdr_record_cursor CURSOR FOR SELECT cdrs_id, called, calling FROM dbName.cdrs WHERE lrn_checked = 'N'; # Setup logging DECLARE EXIT HANDLER FOR SQLEXCEPTION BEGIN #call log_debug('Got exception in update_cdrs_lnp_data'); SET returnCode = -1; END; As you can see, I'm TRYING to use the variable dbName to indicate in which database the query should occur within. However, MySQL will NOT allow that. I also tried things such as : CREATE PROCEDURE `update_cdrs_lnp_data`(IN dbName VARCHAR(25), OUT returnCode SMALLINT) cdr_records:BEGIN DECLARE cdr_record_cursor CURSOR FOR SET @query = CONCAT("SELECT cdrs_id, called, calling FROM " ,dbName, ".cdrs WHERE lrn_checked = 'N' "); PREPARE STMT FROM @query; EXECUTE STMT; # Setup logging DECLARE EXIT HANDLER FOR SQLEXCEPTION BEGIN #call log_debug('Got exception in update_cdrs_lnp_data'); SET returnCode = -1; END; Of course this doesn't work either as MySQL only allows a standard SQL statement in the cursor declaration. Can anyone think of a way to use the same stored procedure in multiple databases by passing in the name of the db that should be affected?

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  • Use date operations on a computed field filter in a view

    - by stephenhay
    I'd like to expose a filter in Views based on a Computed Field. This field should utilize the date operation "less than". Apparently, a date type is not available to computed field (varchar is). However, using varchar results in views treating the field as a string rather than as a date, without the operation I'm looking for. So I tried using a timestamp instead of a date, which allowed me to use an integer data type. The exposed view gives me a "less than" operation, but as it's still not a date, the user must type in a timestamp. Not handy. So I'm thinking the best way to do this is to create a new (hidden) CCK field which is a date field, and set the value of this field to the value of the Computed Field. I can then use the new CCK field for my exposed filter. But I'm not getting anywhere with this, as I'm unsure how to set another CCK field with a Computed Field. To return the value to the computed field itself, I'm using the standard: $node_field[0]['value'] = $newestdate; I would like to set the value of the new CCK field to $newestdate as well. Can anyone help?

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  • SQL Server stored procedure return code oddity

    - by gbn
    Hello The client that calls this code is restricted and can only deal with return codes from stored procs. So, we modified our usual contract to RETURN -1 on error and default to RETURN 0 if no error If the code hits the inner catch block, then the RETURN code default to -4. Where does this come from, does anyone know...? IF OBJECT_ID('dbo.foo') IS NOT NULL DROP TABLE dbo.foo GO CREATE TABLE dbo.foo ( KeyCol char(12) NOT NULL, ValueCol xml NOT NULL, Comment varchar(1000) NULL, CONSTRAINT PK_foo PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED (KeyCol) ) GO IF OBJECT_ID('dbo.bar') IS NOT NULL DROP PROCEDURE dbo.bar GO CREATE PROCEDURE dbo.bar @Key char(12), @Value xml, @Comment varchar(1000) AS SET NOCOUNT ON DECLARE @StartTranCount tinyint; BEGIN TRY SELECT @StartTranCount = @@TRANCOUNT; IF @StartTranCount = 0 BEGIN TRAN; BEGIN TRY --SELECT @StartTranCount = 'fish' INSERT dbo.foo (KeyCol, ValueCol, Comment) VALUES (@Key, @Value, @Comment); END TRY BEGIN CATCH IF ERROR_NUMBER() = 2627 --PK violation UPDATE dbo.foo SET ValueCol = @Value, Comment = @Comment WHERE KeyCol = @Key; ELSE RAISERROR ('Tits up', 16, 1); END CATCH IF @StartTranCount = 0 COMMIT TRAN; END TRY BEGIN CATCH IF @StartTranCount = 0 AND XACT_STATE() <> 0 ROLLBACK TRAN; RETURN -1 END CATCH --Without this, we'll send -4 if we hit the UPDATE CATCH block above --RETURN 0 GO --Run with RETURN 0 and fish line commented out DECLARE @rtn int EXEC @rtn = dbo.bar 'abcdefghijkl', '<foobar />', 'testing' SELECT @rtn; SELECT * FROM dbo.foo DECLARE @rtn int EXEC @rtn = dbo.bar 'abcdefghijkl', '<foobar2 />', 'testing2' --updated OK but we get @rtn = -4 SELECT @rtn; SELECT * FROM dbo.foo --uncomment fish line DECLARE @rtn int EXEC @rtn = dbo.bar 'abcdefghijkl', '<foobar />', 'testing' --Hit outer CATCH, @rtn = -1 as expected SELECT @rtn; SELECT * FROM dbo.foo

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  • Getting the avg of the top 10 students from each school

    - by dave
    Hi all -- We have a school district with 38 elementary schools. The kids took a test. The averages for the schools are widely dispersed, but I want to compare the averages of JUST THE TOP 10 students from each school. Requirement: use temporary tables only. I have done this in a very work-intensive, error-prone sort of way as follows. (sch_code = e.g., 9043; -- schabbrev = e.g., "Carter"; -- totpct_stu = e.g., 61.3) DROP TEMPORARY TABLE IF EXISTS avg_top10 ; CREATE TEMPORARY TABLE avg_top10 ( sch_code VARCHAR(4), schabbrev VARCHAR(75), totpct_stu DECIMAL(5,1) ); INSERT INTO avg_top10 SELECT sch_code , schabbrev , totpct_stu FROM test_table WHERE sch_code IN ('5489') ORDER BY totpct_stu DESC LIMIT 10; -- I do that last query for EVERY school, so the total -- length of the code is well in excess of 300 lines. -- Then, finally... SELECT schabbrev, ROUND( AVG( totpct_stu ), 1 ) AS top10 FROM avg_top10 GROUP BY schabbrev ORDER BY top10 ; -- OUTPUT: ----------------------------------- schabbrev avg_top10 ---------- --------- Goulding 75.4 Garth 77.7 Sperhead 81.4 Oak_P 83.7 Spring 84.9 -- etc... Question: So this works, but isn't there a lot better way to do it? Thanks! PS -- Looks like homework, but this is, well...real.

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  • Entity framework generates values for NOT NULL columns which has default defined in db.

    - by Muhammad Kashif Nadeem
    Hi I have a table Customer. One of the columns in table is DateCreated. This column is NOT NULL but default values is defined for this column in db. When I add new Customer using EF4 from my code. var customer = new Customer(); customer.CustomerName = "Hello"; customer.Email = "[email protected]"; // Watch out commented out. //customer.DateCreated = DateTime.Now; context.AddToCustomers(customer); context.SaveChanges(); Above code generates following query. exec sp_executesql N'insert [dbo].[Customers]([CustomerName], [Email], [Phone], [DateCreated], [DateUpdated]) values (@0, @1, null, @2, null) select [CustomerId] from [dbo].[Customers] where @@ROWCOUNT > 0 and [CustomerId] = scope_identity() ',N'@0 varchar(100),@1 varchar(100),@2 datetime2(7) ',@0='Hello',@1='[email protected]',@2='0001-01-01 00:00:00' And throws following error The conversion of a datetime2 data type to a datetime data type resulted in an out-of-range value. The statement has been terminated. Can you please tell me how NOT NULL columns which has default values at db level should not have values generated by EF? DB: DateCreated DATETIME NOT NULL DateCreated Properties in EF: Nullable: False Getter/Setter: public Type: DateTime DefaultValue: None Thanks.

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  • Is there any performance issue using Row_Number to implement table paging in Sql Server 2008?

    - by majkinetor
    I want to implement table paging using this method: SET @PageNum = 2; SET @PageSize = 10; WITH OrdersRN AS ( SELECT ROW_NUMBER() OVER(ORDER BY OrderDate, OrderID) AS RowNum ,* FROM dbo.Orders ) SELECT * FROM OrdersRN WHERE RowNum BETWEEN (@PageNum - 1) * @PageSize + 1 AND @PageNum * @PageSize ORDER BY OrderDate ,OrderID; Is there anything I should be aware of ? Table has millions of records. Thx. EDIT: After using suggested MAXROWS method for some time (which works really really fast) I had to switch back to ROW_NUMBER method because of its greater flexibility. I am also very happy about its speed so far (I am working with View having more then 1M records with 10 columns). To use any kind of query I use following modification: PROCEDURE [dbo].[PageSelect] ( @Sql nvarchar(512), @OrderBy nvarchar(128) = 'Id', @PageNum int = 1, @PageSize int = 0 ) AS BEGIN SET NOCOUNT ON Declare @tsql as nvarchar(1024) Declare @i int, @j int if (@PageSize <= 0) OR (@PageSize > 10000) SET @PageSize = 10000 -- never return more then 10K records SET @i = (@PageNum - 1) * @PageSize + 1 SET @j = @PageNum * @PageSize SET @tsql = 'WITH MyTableOrViewRN AS ( SELECT ROW_NUMBER() OVER(ORDER BY ' + @OrderBy + ') AS RowNum ,* FROM MyTableOrView WHERE ' + @Sql + ' ) SELECT * FROM MyTableOrViewRN WHERE RowNum BETWEEN ' + CAST(@i as varchar) + ' AND ' + cast(@j as varchar) exec(@tsql) END If you use this procedure make sure u prevented sql injection.

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  • Exception when retrieving record using Nhibernate

    - by Muhammad Akhtar
    I am new to NHibernate and have just started right now. I have very simple table contain Id(Int primary key and auto incremented), Name(varchar(100)), Description(varchar(100)) Here is my XML <class name="DevelopmentStep" table="DevelopmentSteps" lazy="true"> <id name="Id" type="Int32" column="Id"> </id> <property name="Name" column="Name" type="String" length="100" not-null="false"/> <property name="Description" column="Description" type="String" length="100" not-null="false"/> here is how I want to get all the record public List<DevelopmentStep> getDevelopmentSteps() { List<DevelopmentStep> developmentStep; developmentStep = Repository.FindAll<DevelopmentStep>(new OrderBy("Name", Order.Asc)); return developmentStep; } But I am getting exception The element 'id' in namespace 'urn:nhibernate-mapping-2.2' has incomplete content. List of possible elements expected: 'urn:nhibernate-mapping-2.2:meta urn:nhibernate-mapping- 2.2:column urn:nhibernate-mapping-2.2:generator'. Please Advise me --- Thanks

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  • JOIN (SELECT DISTINCT [..] substitute

    - by FRKT
    Hello, I'd like to find a substitute for using SELECT DISTINCT in a derived table. Let's say I have three tables: CREATE TABLE `trades` ( `tradeID` int(11) unsigned NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, `employeeID` int(11) unsigned NOT NULL, `corporationID` int(11) unsigned NOT NULL, `profit` int(11) NOT NULL, KEY `tradeID` (`tradeID`), KEY `employeeID` (`employeeID`), KEY `corporationID` (`corporationID`) ) ENGINE=MyISAM DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1 CREATE TABLE `corporations` ( `corporationID` int(11) unsigned NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, `name` varchar(255) NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`corporationID`) ) ENGINE=MyISAM DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1 CREATE TABLE `employees` ( `employeeID` int(11) unsigned NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, `name` varchar(255) NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`employeeID`) ) ENGINE=MyISAM DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1 Let's say I'd like to find out how much profit a specific employee has generated. Simple: SELECT SUM(profit) FROM trades JOIN employees ON trades.employeeID = employees.employeeID AND employees.employeeID = 1; It gets trickier if I'd like to query how much revenue a specific corporation has, however. I cannot simply replicate the aforementioned query, because two or more employees from the same company might be involved in the same trade. This query should do the trick: SELECT SUM(profit) FROM trades JOIN (SELECT DISTINCT tradeID FROM trades WHERE trades.corporationID = 1) ... unfortunately, DISTINCT JOINs seem crazy ineffective. Is there any alternative I can use to determine how much revenue a corporation has, taking into account that a corporation might be listed several times with the same tradeID?

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  • how to Solve the "Digg" problem in MongoDB

    - by user193116
    A while back,a Digg developer had posted this blog ,"http://about.digg.com/blog/looking-future-cassandra", where the he described one of the issues that were not optimally solved in MySQL. This was cited as one of the reasons for their move to Cassandra. I have been playing with MongoDB and I would like to understand how to implement the MongoDB collections for this problem From the article, the schema for this information in MySQL : CREATE TABLE Diggs ( id INT(11), itemid INT(11), userid INT(11), digdate DATETIME, PRIMARY KEY (id), KEY user (userid), KEY item (itemid) ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8; CREATE TABLE Friends ( id INT(10) AUTO_INCREMENT, userid INT(10), username VARCHAR(15), friendid INT(10), friendname VARCHAR(15), mutual TINYINT(1), date_created DATETIME, PRIMARY KEY (id), UNIQUE KEY Friend_unique (userid,friendid), KEY Friend_friend (friendid) ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8; This problem is ubiquitous in social networking scenario implementation. People befriend a lot of people and they in turn digg a lot of things. Quickly showing a user what his/her friends are up to is very critical. I understand that several blogs have since then provided a pure RDBMs solution with indexes for this issue; however I am curious as to how this could be solved in MongoDB.

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  • SQL problem - select accross multiple tables (user groups)

    - by morpheous
    I have a db schema which looks something like this: create table user (id int, name varchar(32)); create table group (id int, name varchar(32)); create table group_member (foobar_id int, user_id int, flag int); I want to write a query that allows me to so the following: Given a valid user id (UID), fetch the ids of all users that are in the same group as the specified user id (UID) AND have group_member.flag=3. Rather than just have the SQL. I want to learn how to think like a Db programmer. As a coder, SQL is my weakest link (since I am far more comfortable with imperative languages than declarative ones) - but I want to change that. Anyway here are the steps I have identified as necessary to break down the task. I would be grateful if some SQL guru can demonstrate the simple SQL statements - i.e. atomic SQL statements, one for each of the identified subtasks below, and then finally, how I can combine those statements to make the ONE statement that implements the required functionality. Here goes (assume specified user_id [UID] = 1): //Subtask #1. Fetch list of all groups of which I am a member Select group.id from user inner join group_member where user.id=group_member.user_id and user.id=1 //Subtask #2 Fetch a list of all members who are members of the groups I am a member of (i.e. groups in subtask #1) Not sure about this ... select user.id from user, group_member gm1, group_member gm2, ... [Stuck] //Subtask #3 Get list of users that satisfy criteria group_member.flag=3 Select user.id from user inner join group_member where user.id=group_member.user_id and user.id=1 and group_member.flag=3 Once I have the SQL for subtask2, I'd then like to see how the complete SQL statement is built from these subtasks (you dont have to use the SQL in the subtask, it just a way of explaining the steps involved - also, my SQL may be incorrect/inefficient, if so, please feel free to correct it, and point out what was wrong with it). Thanks

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  • Getting a Specified Cast is not valid while importing data from Excel using Linq to SQL

    - by niceoneishere
    This is my second post. After learning from my first post how fantastic is to use Linq to SQL, I wanted to try to import data from a Excel sheet into my SQL database. First My Excel Sheet: it contains 4 columns namely ItemNo ItemSize ItemPrice UnitsSold I have a created a database table with the following fields table name ProductsSold Id int not null identity --with auto increment set to true ItemNo VarChar(10) not null ItemSize VarChar(4) not null ItemPrice Decimal(18,2) not null UnitsSold int not null Now I created a dal.dbml file based on my database and I am trying to import the data from excel sheet to db table using the code below. Everything is happening on click of a button. private const string forecast_query = "SELECT ItemNo, ItemSize, ItemPrice, UnitsSold FROM [Sheet1$]"; protected void btnUpload_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { var importer = new LinqSqlModelImporter(); if (fileUpload.HasFile) { var uploadFile = new UploadFile(fileUpload.FileName); try { fileUpload.SaveAs(uploadFile.SavePath); if(File.Exists(uploadFile.SavePath)) { importer.SourceConnectionString = uploadFile.GetOleDbConnectionString(); importer.Import(forecast_query); gvDisplay.DataBind(); pnDisplay.Visible = true; } } catch (Exception ex) { Response.Write(ex.Source.ToString()); lblInfo.Text = ex.Message; } finally { uploadFile.DeleteFileNoException(); } } } // Now here is the code for LinqSqlModelImporter public class LinqSqlModelImporter : SqlImporter { public override void Import(string query) { // importing data using oledb command and inserting into db using LINQ to SQL using (var context = new WSDALDataContext()) { using (var myConnection = new OleDbConnection(base.SourceConnectionString)) using (var myCommand = new OleDbCommand(query, myConnection)) { myConnection.Open(); var myReader = myCommand.ExecuteReader(); while (myReader.Read()) { context.ProductsSolds.InsertOnSubmit(new ProductsSold() { ItemNo = myReader.GetString(0), ItemSize = myReader.GetString(1), ItemPrice = myReader.GetDecimal(2), UnitsSold = myReader.GetInt32(3) }); } } context.SubmitChanges(); } } } can someone please tell me where am I making the error or if I am missing something, but this is driving me nuts. When I debugged I am getting this error when casting from a number the value must be a number less than infinity I really appreciate it

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  • Importing Excel spreadsheet data into existing Access DB

    - by Keeb13r
    I've designed an Access 2003 DB with 3 tables: APPLICATIONS, SERVERS, and INSTALLATIONS. Records in the APPLICATIONS and SERVERS tables are uniquely identified by a synthetic primary key (in Access, an "auto number"). The INSTALLATIONS table is essentially a mapping table between APPLICATIONS and SERVERS: it's a list of records of which applications are installed on which servers. A record in the INSTALLATIONS table is also identified by a synthetic primary key, and it consists of an APPLICATION_ID and SERVER_ID for the records in their respective tables. I have an Excel 2003 spreadsheet I would like to import into this database, but it's proving difficult. The spreadsheet is made up of several tabs/worksheets, each one representing a server with its own listing of installed applications. I'm not sure how to proceed with an import - the "Get External Data -- Import" feature in Access has an import "In an Existing Table" option, but it's greyed out. I'm also unsure how I build the relationships between applications and servers for importing records into the INSTALLATIONS table. I had previously fooled around with adding some security to the Access DB file. I think I removed everything but perhaps I didn't and that's causing the problem? Some sample data from the Excel spreadsheet: SERVER101 * Adobe Reader 9 * BMC Remedy User 7.0 * HostExplorer 2008 * Microsoft Office 2003 * Microsoft Office 2007 * Notepad++ SERVER102 * Adobe Reader 9 * DameWare Mini Remote Control * Microsoft Office 2003 * Microsoft .NET Framework 3.5 SP1 * Oracle 9.2 SERVER103 * AWDView * EXTRA! Personal Client 32-bit * Microsoft Office 2003 * Microsoft .NET Framework 3.5 SP1 * Snagit 9.1 * WinZip 12.1 The Access DB design is very simple: APPLICATION * APPLICATION_ID (autonumber) * APPLICATION_NAME (varchar) SERVER * SERVER_ID (autonumber) * SERVER_NAME (varchar) INSTALLATION * INSTALLATION_ID (autonumber) * APPLICATION_ID (number) * SERVER_ID (number)

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  • Using parameterized function calls in SELECT statements. SQL Server

    - by geekzlla
    I have taken over some code from a previous developer and have come across this SQL statement that calls several SQL functions. As you can see, the function calls in the select statement pass a parameter to the function. How does the SQL statement know what value to replace the variable with? For the below sample, how does the query engine know what to replace nDeptID with when it calls, fn_SelDeptName_DeptID(nDeptID) nDeptID IS a column in table Note. SELECT STATEMENT: SELECT nCustomerID AS [Customer ID], nJobID AS [Job ID], dbo.fn_SelDeptName_DeptID(nDeptID) AS Department, nJobTaskID AS JobTaskID, dbo.fn_SelDeptTaskDesc_OpenTask(nJobID, nJobTaskID) AS Task, nStandardNoteID AS StandardNoteID, dbo.fn_SelNoteTypeDesc(nNoteID) AS [Note Type], dbo.fn_SelGPAStandardNote(nStandardNoteID) AS [Standard Note], nEntryDate AS [Entry Date], nUserName as [Added By], nType AS Type, nNote AS Note FROM Note WHERE nJobID = 844261 ORDER BY nJobID, Task, [Entry Date] ====================== Function fn_SelDeptName_DeptID: ALTER FUNCTION [dbo].[fn_SelDeptName_DeptID] (@iDeptID int) RETURNS varchar(25) -- Used by DataCollection for Job Tracking -- if the Deptartment isnt found return an empty string BEGIN -- Return the Department name for the given DeptID. DECLARE @strDeptName varchar(25) IF @iDeptID = 0 SET @strDeptName = '' ELSE BEGIN SET @strDeptName = (SELECT dName FROM Department WHERE dDeptID = @iDeptID) IF (@strDeptName IS NULL) SET @strDeptName = '' END RETURN @strDeptName END ========================== Thanks in advance.

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  • mysql stored funtion usage

    - by shikhar
    I just wrote a stored function to calculate the working days between two dates. This works select CountWeekDays('2010-03-07','2010-04-07') This doesn't work select CountWeekDays(o.order_date,o.created_date) from orders o; Any idea how to make this one work ?? function definition delimiter $$; CREATE FUNCTION CountWeekDays (sdate VARCHAR(50), edate VARCHAR(50)) RETURNS INT BEGIN DECLARE wdays, tdiff, counter, thisday smallint; DECLARE newdate DATE; SET newdate := sdate; SET wdays = 0; if DATEDIFF(edate, sdate) = 0 THEN RETURN 1; END IF; if DATEDIFF(edate, sdate) < 0 THEN RETURN 0; END IF; label1: LOOP SET thisday = DAYOFWEEK(newdate); IF thisday BETWEEN 2 AND 6 THEN SET wdays := wdays + 1; END IF; SET newdate = DATE_ADD(newdate, INTERVAL 1 DAY); IF DATEDIFF(edate, newdate) < 0 THEN LEAVE label1; END IF; END LOOP label1; RETURN wdays; END

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  • Procedure expects parameter which was not supplied.

    - by Tony Peterson
    I'm getting the error when accessing a Stored Procedure in SQL Server Server Error in '/' Application. Procedure or function 'ColumnSeek' expects parameter '@template', which was not supplied. This is happening when I call a Stored Procedure with a parameter through .net's data connection to sql (System.data.SqlClient), even though I am supplying the parameter. Here is my code. SqlConnection sqlConn = new SqlConnection(connPath); sqlConn.Open(); // METADATA RETRIEVAL string sqlCommString = "QCApp.dbo.ColumnSeek"; SqlCommand metaDataComm = new SqlCommand(sqlCommString, sqlConn); metaDataComm.CommandType = CommandType.StoredProcedure; SqlParameter sp = metaDataComm.Parameters.Add("@template", SqlDbType.VarChar, 50); sp.Value = Template; SqlDataReader metadr = metaDataComm.ExecuteReader(); And my Stored Procedure is: USE [QCApp] GO SET ANSI_NULLS ON GO SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON GO ALTER PROCEDURE [dbo].[ColumnSeek] @template varchar(50) AS EXEC('SELECT Column_Name, Data_Type FROM [QCApp].[INFORMATION_SCHEMA].[COLUMNS] WHERE TABLE_NAME = ' + @template); I'm trying to figure out what I'm doing wrong here. Edit: As it turns out, Template was null because I was getting its value from a parameter passed through the URL and I screwed up the url param passing (I was using @ for and instead of &)

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  • Is it Possible to Use Constraints on Hierarchical Data in a Self-Referential Table?

    - by pbarney
    Suppose you have the following table, intended to represent hierarchical data: +--------+-------------+ | Field | Type | +--------+-------------+ | id | int(10) | | parent | int(10) | | name | varchar(45) | +--------+-------------+ The table is self-referential in that the parent_id refers to id. So you might have the following data: +----+--------+---------------+ | id | parent | name | +----+--------+---------------+ | 1 | 0 | fruit | | 2 | 0 | vegetable | | 3 | 1 | apple | | 4 | 1 | orange | | 5 | 3 | red delicious | | 6 | 3 | granny smith | | 7 | 3 | gala | +----+--------+---------------+ Using MySQL, I am trying to impose a (self-referential) foreign key constraint upon the data to cascade on update and prevent deletion of a record if it has any "children." So I used the following: CREATE TABLE `test`.`fruit` ( `id` INT(10) UNSIGNED NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, `parent` INT(10) UNSIGNED, `name` VARCHAR(45) NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`id`), CONSTRAINT `fk_parent` FOREIGN KEY (`parent`) REFERENCES `fruit` (`id`) ON UPDATE CASCADE ON DELETE RESTRICT ) ENGINE = InnoDB; From what I understand, this should fit my requirements. (And parent must default to null to allow insertions, correct?) The problem is, if I change the id of a record, it will not cascade: Cannot delete or update a parent row: a foreign key constraint fails (`test`.`fruit`, CONSTRAINT `fk_parent` FOREIGN KEY (`parent`) REFERENCES `fruit` (`id`) ON UPDATE CASCADE) What am I missing? Feel free to correct me if my terminology is screwed up... I'm new to constraints.

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  • How to work with CTE. There is some error related to anchor.

    - by Shantanu Gupta
    I am creating a hierarchy representaion of a column. But an error occurs Details are Msg 240, Level 16, State 1, Line 1 Types don't match between the anchor and the recursive part in column "DISPLAY" of recursive query "CTE". I know there is some typecasting error. But I dont know how to remove error. Please just dont only sort out my error. I need explanation why this error is coming. When this error occurs. I am trying to sort table on the basis of sort col that i m introducing. I want to add '-' at every level and want to sort accordingly. Please help WITH CTE (PK_CATEGORY_ID, [DESCRIPTION], FK_CATEGORY_ID, DISPLAY, SORT, DEPTH) AS ( SELECT PK_CATEGORY_ID, [DESCRIPTION], FK_CATEGORY_ID, '-' AS DISPLAY, '--' AS SORT, 0 AS DEPTH FROM dbo.L_CATEGORY_TYPE WHERE FK_CATEGORY_ID IS NULL UNION ALL SELECT T.PK_CATEGORY_ID, T.[DESCRIPTION], T.FK_CATEGORY_ID, CAST(DISPLAY+T.[DESCRIPTION] AS VARCHAR(1000)), '--' AS SORT, C.DEPTH +1 FROM dbo.L_CATEGORY_TYPE T JOIN CTE C ON C.PK_CATEGORY_ID = T.FK_CATEGORY_ID --SELECT T.PK_CATEGORY_ID, C.SORT+T.[DESCRIPTION], T.FK_CATEGORY_ID --, CAST('--' + C.SORT AS VARCHAR(1000)) AS SORT, CAST(DEPTH +1 AS INT) AS DEPTH --FROM dbo.L_CATEGORY_TYPE T JOIN CTE C ON C.FK_CATEGORY_ID = T.PK_CATEGORY_ID ) SELECT PK_CATEGORY_ID, [DESCRIPTION], FK_CATEGORY_ID, DISPLAY, SORT, DEPTH FROM CTE ORDER BY SORT

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  • Converting rows to Columns in SQL

    - by Ram
    I have a table (actually a view, but simplified my example to a table) which gives me some data like this id CompanyName website 1 Google google.com 2 Google google.net 3 Google google.org 4 Google google.in 5 Google google.de 6 Microsoft Microsoft.com 7 Microsoft live.com 8 Microsoft bing.com 9 Microsoft hotmail.com I am looking to convert it to get a result like this CompanyName website1 website2 website3 website 4 website5 website6 ----------- ------------- ---------- ---------- ----------- --------- -------- Google google.com google.net google.org google.in google.de NULL Microsoft Microsoft.com live.com bing.com hotmail.com NULL NULL I have looked into pivot but looks like the record(row values) cannot be dynamic (i.e can only be certain predefined values). Also, if there are more than 6 websites, I want to limit it to the first 6 Dynamic pivot makes sense, but I would have to incorporate it into my view ?? Is there a simpler solution for this ? Here are the SQL scripts CREATE TABLE [dbo].[Company]( [id] [int] NULL, [CompanyName] [varchar](50) NULL, [website] [varchar](50) NULL ) ON [PRIMARY] GO insert into company values (1,'Google','google.com') insert into company values (2,'Google','google.net') insert into company values (3,'Google','google.org') insert into company values (4,'Google','google.in') insert into company values (5,'Google','google.de') insert into company values (6,'Microsoft','Microsoft.com') insert into company values (7,'Microsoft','live.com') insert into company values (8,'Microsoft','bing.com') insert into company values (9,'Microsoft','hotmail.com')

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