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  • Lost sudo/su on Amazon EC2 instance

    - by barrycarter
    I have an Amazon EC2 instance. I can login just fine, but neither "su" nor "sudo" work now (they worked fine previously): "su" requests a password, but I login using ssh keys, and I don't think the root user even has a password. "sudo <anything>" does this: sudo: /etc/sudoers is owned by uid 222, should be 0 sudo: no valid sudoers sources found, quitting I probably did "chown ec2-user /etc/sudoers" (or, more likely "chown -R ec2-user /etc" because I was sick of rsync failing), so this is my fault. How do I recover? I stopped the instance and tried the "View/Change User Data" option on the AWS EC2 console, but this didn't help. EDIT: I realize I could kill this instance and create a new one, but was hoping to avoid something that extreme.

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  • Can't figure out how to make Slitaz USB persistent

    - by Dennis Hodapp
    I installed Slitaz on my USB. However I can't figure out how to make it persistent automatically. There are different sources telling me different ways to make it persistent. One told me to add "slitaz home=usb" to the syslinux.cfg file like this: append initrd=/boot/rootfs.gz rw root=/dev/null vga=normal autologin slitaz home=usb but it didn't work for me. http://www.slitaz.org/en/doc/handbook/liveusb.html gave an example of how to do it manually but I didn't try it and I also want it to happen automatically. custompc.co.uk/features/602451/make-any-pc-your-own-with-linux-on-a-usb-key.html is an older article that also explains how to make the USB persistent but I don't want to try it cause it looks outdated (from 2008) does anyone know the best way to make the USB automatically persistent?

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  • UNIX "find" command, match literal "dot"

    - by Robottinosino
    I need files ending with ".pdf" or ".png"; here's my attempt: find /Users/robottinosino/Desktop/_PublishMe_ -type f -regex '.*[pdf|png]' this incorrectly includes files ending with "Apdf", "Zpdf", etc. (missing literal dot before file extension) I tried adjusting the pattern to: find /Users/robottinosino/Desktop/_PublishMe_ -type f -regex '.*\.[pdf|png]' but then no results are returned. Escaping the . with a backslash does not work. Why? [0] $ uname -a Darwin Robottinosino.local 10.8.0 Darwin Kernel Version 10.8.0: Tue Jun 7 16:33:36 PDT 2011; root:xnu-1504.15.3~1/RELEASE_I386 i386 Thanks!

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  • The cd command using variable to mapped NFS volume within ssh in linux script is not working

    - by Bhavya Maheshwari
    I have to do the following from within a bash script. The /VMNFS/ folder is present on linux box, from where script is run, and is mapped to the machine into which i am ssh'ing, as an NFS at /vmfs/volumes/VMNFS/. The second cd command doesn't work, neither with symbolic path name nor physical pathname. Why? and How to rectify this? #!/bin/bash ssh -2 [email protected] /bin/sh <<\EOF vmfile_path=`grep / vmvar_file` datastore_path=/vmfs/volumes/VMNFS/ cd $datastore_path && echo "The present working directory is" `pwd -P` esxi_vmfile_path_sub=`pwd -P` && echo "variable value is" $esxi_vmfile_path_sub esxi_vmfile_path=`echo $vmfile_path | sed "s:/VMNFS:$esxi_vmfile_path_sub:"` cd "$esxi_vmfile_path" EOF ***Output***: The current working directory is /vmfs/volumes/65335ec4-46d12e41 variable value is /vmfs/volumes/65335ec4-46d12e41 can't cd to /vmfs/volumes/65335ec4-46d12e41/TPAE7.5/

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  • Can Solaris RBAC roles be ported to Linux using SElinux only?

    - by Jimmy
    We are migrating an application from Solaris to Linux and the main user is allowed, through the use of RBAC roles, to run a few system commands like svccfg/svcadm (chkconfig on redhat). Is it possible, using only SElinux (no sudo), to allow a normal user to run chkconfig off/on (basically give it the ability to add remove services) ? My approach was to try to create an SElinux user with a corresponding SElinux role that manages the app's domain/type and is allowed to transition to all other domains required to run chkconfig, tcpdump or any other system utility usually restricted to root access only. All my attempts so far have failed, so my second question would be where could I find good documentation that applies to this specific problem ?

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  • openssl creates invalid signature if run by a different user

    - by divB
    Very strange problem here: openssl successfully creates signatures but only those created as root are valid whereas created by another user (www-data) are invalid! All files are readable and there are not error messages: # echo -ne Test | openssl dgst -ecdsa-with-SHA1 -sign activation.key > /tmp/asRoot.der # su www-data $ echo -ne Test | openssl dgst -ecdsa-with-SHA1 -sign activation.key > /tmp/asWww-data.der $ uname -a Linux linux 2.6.32-5-openvz-amd64 #1 SMP Mon Feb 25 01:16:25 UTC 2013 i686 GNU/Linux $ cat /etc/debian_version 6.0.7 Both files (asRoot.der and asWww-data.der) are transfered to a different computer for verification with the public key: $ echo -ne Test | openssl dgst -verify activation.pub -keyform DER -signature asRoot.der Verified OK $ echo -ne Test | openssl dgst -verify activation.pub -keyform DER -signature asWww-data.der Verification Failure That can't be true! What's wrong here?

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  • Set global handling for PHP scripts in NGINX + PHP-FPM

    - by Radio
    I have to define fastcgi_pass for every virtual host. How do I define it global-wise? server { listen 80; server_name www.domain.tld; location / { root /home/user/www.domain.tld; index index.html index.php; } location ~ \.php$ { fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000; fastcgi_index index.php; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /home/user/domain.tld$fastcgi_script_name; include fastcgi_params; } }

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  • Cannot acess the new cloned server even after new IP address assignment

    - by tough
    I was able to clone a Ubuntu 10.04 server residing in Cloud. It appeared that I was not getting some IP for the new VM so I followed some of these: # cd /etc/udev/rules.d # cp 70-persistent-net.rules /root/ # rm 70-persistent-net.rules # reboot I didn't follow the later commands as I was unable to see two eth MACs as available in the referenced site. After this I am able to see some the IP for it, and is different form the original IP, I have added new IP to DNS server. Now when I try to access it with its assigned(new) domain it is directed to the old server. I can see both the VMs running with different IP. Where I might have gone wrong, I am new to this admin thing.

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  • How to remotely install Linux via SSH?

    - by netvope
    I need to remotely install Ubuntu Server 10.04 (x86) on a server currently running RHEL 3.4 (x86). I'll have to be very careful because no one can press the restart button for me if anything goes wrong. Have you ever remotely installed Linux? Which way would you recommend? Any advice for things to watch out? Update: Thanks for your help. I managed to "change the tires while driving"! The main components of my method are drawn from HOWTO - Install Debian Onto a Remote Linux System, grub legacy: Booting once-only, grub single boot and kernel panic reboot , and Ubuntu Community Documentation: InstallationFromKnoppix Here is the outline of what I did: Run debootstrap on an existing Ubuntu server Transfer the files to the swap partition of the RHEL 3.4 server Boot into tha swap partition (the debootstrap system) Transfer the files to the original root partition Boot into the new Ubuntu system and finish up the installation with tasksel, apt-get, etc I tested the method in a VM and then applied to the server. I was lucky enough that everything went smoothly :)

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  • Best way to block a country by IP address?

    - by George Edison
    I have a website that needs to block a particular country based on IP address. I am more than aware that IP-based blocking is not a foolproof method for blocking visitors, but it is a necessary step in the right direction. Since I'm using PHP, what I would do is use a GeoIP database like geoplugin.net. However, I'm curious to know if there's a better way of doing this. The website is on a shared webserver (I don't have root access) and it is running Apache on centOS. I guess my question is "can an .htaccess file be configured to block by IP using an external source to lookup IP addresses."

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  • Install Eclipse / StatET on Debian server for all users.

    - by Joris Meys
    I've manually downloaded, unpacked and installed the latest Eclipse (3.6.1) on a debian server (2.6.26-2-amd64). Eclipse can now be run by all users in our group, but when I tried to install the StatET plugin, I quickly found out that this one was only visible and useable for me. I have a sudo password on my account and a root password. I wondered if sudo eclipse was all I needed to do, but as I'm very new to the whole sysadmin thing (our old one is on "prolonged leave" and currently working in Spain) I rather check before blowing up the server. Any help on how to configure Eclipse for all users simultaneously is very much appreciated.

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  • dns hierarchy not working !! Please help

    - by nikhilelite
    (DNS1 ,WWW1, Gateway1) (sub-internal network) (DNS0,WWW0,Gateway0) (internal network) DNS1: 192.168.250.3/24 WWW1: 192.168.250.4/24 Gateway1: 192.168.250.1 /24 (internal) :: 192.168.0.150 to 192.168.0.175 (external) DNS0:192.168.0.197/24 WWW0:192.168.0.197/24 Gateway0: 192.168.0.1 (internal) :: 69.94.x.x (external, dynamic ,isp control) Expected behavior: When using dig from internal (192.168.250.0/24) hosts, and query about domain from 192.168.0.197/16 nameserver's hosts (for which its authoritative) , it should return the ip address. Whats happening: After dig, answer section empty, the query is trying to access a.root server instead of 192.168.0.197 ,even though i have defined 192.168.0.197 as dns in gateway1's resolv.conf Why? I need this working asap, can anyone here help ?

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  • Linux kernel startup problems: how to analyze?

    - by java.is.for.desktop
    Hello, everyone! After manually updating the kernel from 2.6.33 to 2.6.34 on my OpenSuse 11.2 Notebook, it stops after the message Loading drivers, configuring devices... This stop can be interrupted with Ctrl-C, but when the system enters runlevel 5, no partitions are mounted (but the root partition), many services fail to start, and other strange things are going on. No X11. NOTE: I manually updated the kernel many times before, it worked. Yes, I know, in case of NVidia, the driver has to be recompiled. The question is: How can I analyze the cause of the problem? Doing dmesg gives me soooo much output, I can't "map" it to the output which I see at startup. The output does not contain the string Loading drivers, configuring devices, or similar.

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  • This weird behaviour from cronjob

    - by The DOCTOR from TARDIS
    I have set the crontab like this: */5 0 * * * /www/permitChat.sh and the /www/permitChat.sh is this: # We are setting the name of file # in the variable along with complete path. sFilePath=`date +\/www\/ChatLogs\/%Y\/%m/%d_%m_%Y.txt` # First we set its permissions to # readable by all users, and then # modify them to be writable by only root. chmod a=r $sFilePath chmod u+w $sFilePath ls -lh $sFilePath The trouble I am facing is, the cron gets executed after 12:00 PM everyday, instead of executing at 12:00 AM to 01:00 AM, every 5 minutes. What could be wrong? All my system variables appear to be synced.

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  • starting Tomcat from Eclipse

    - by Krns
    I've just got eclipse for jee installed, and also downloaded apache 6.0.29 and added it in eclipse preferences. I followed up this tutorial, and all i got when i run it is 404 page with "The requested resource (/WebService/) is not available." description. I can't even access root folder of tomcat at localhost:8080. However, if i start tomcat through concole command, it's working fine and home page and examples are accessible. I'm a complete noob at tomcat and eclipse(been working with netbeans before), so i've got no idea what's wrong.

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  • CHROOT for shell script testing

    - by Josh
    I am looking at setting up a shell script in order to properly document and automate the process I am using to setup a few servers we have. In order to test the shell script through its different stages I was thinking a CHROOT would be ideal, since I can wipe out the "virtual root" and create it on the fly. I have never used CHROOT before, however. I was just curious what are the exact steps I would need to follow to implement this process of creating a chroot (with the basic core functions that would be needed to install apache/php/etc.)? and then destroying it?

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  • vncviewer connection refused (61)

    - by coure2011
    I have a root access to VPS (centos 6). I have installed VNCServer using this guide line http://tournasdimitrios1.wordpress.com/2011/02/02/how-to-setup-vnc-server-on-centos-5-x-fedora-11/ Everything goes perfectly and server is running via termina. Now I am trying to connect to that server via vncviewer (mac os). but its giving me error Connection refused (61) I am providing only the IP address of the VPS, maybe I also needed port address? How to configure port on vncserver? or its something else?

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  • Cannot access any remote resource after connecting to Cisco VPN on Vista

    - by Deepak Singh Rawat
    I have installed Cisco vpn client version 5.0.07.0290 on Vista Business SP2. I am able to successfully connnect to the vpn. But after connecting I am not able to access any resource in the vpn (like database, other computers in the network etc.). I have tried the following without any success : Older versions of the client Other vpn clients like Shrewsoft : same issue as the cisco vpn client Disabled Internet Connection Sharing service Installed the client in the root administrator account Run the installer as administrator Run the vpngui and ipsecdialer in XP compatibility mode and as administrator I am not sure how to troubleshoot this issue. Can somebody please help me in troubleshooting this issue? P.S : I've Zonealarm firewall, can that be an issue?

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  • Apache not directing to correct VHost

    - by BANANENMANNFRAU
    I have setup the following virtual host ServerAdmin [email protected] ServerName mysite.com ServerAlias www.mysite.com DocumentRoot /var/www/homepage/public_html ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.log CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/access.log combined When I hit my url Apache still shows the default page. Not the index Ive created in the give Document root. In my Domain i have set the A Record to the Ip of my VPS: apache2ctl -S: output: VirtualHost configuration: *:80 is a NameVirtualHost default server xxxxxx.stratoserver.net (/etc/apache2/sites-enabled/000-default.conf:1) port 80 namevhost xxxxxxx.stratoserver.net (/etc/apache2/sites-enabled/000-default.conf:1) port 80 namevhost mysite.com (/etc/apache2/sites-enabled/homepage.conf:1) alias www.mysite.com ServerRoot: "/etc/apache2" Main DocumentRoot: "/var/www" Main ErrorLog: "/var/log/apache2/error.log" Mutex default: dir="/var/lock/apache2" mechanism=fcntl Mutex mpm-accept: using_defaults Mutex watchdog-callback: using_defaults PidFile: "/var/run/apache2/apache2.pid" Define: DUMP_VHOSTS Define: DUMP_RUN_CFG User: name="www-data" id=33 not_used Group: name="www-data" id=33 not_used How would I need to setup my Virtual host so that apache shows the correct site depending on the Domain im redirecting from.

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  • dual boot install--no GRUB

    - by Jim Syyap
    My computer recently had a hardware upgrade and now runs on Windows 7. I decided to install Ubuntu 11.04 as dual boot using the ISO I got from ubuntu.com downloaded onto my USB stick. Restarting with the USB stick, I was able to install Ubuntu 11.04 choosing the option: Install Ubuntu 11.04 side by side with Windows 7 (or something like that). No errors were encountered on installation. However on restarting, there was no GRUB; the system went straight into Windows 7. Looking for answers, I found these: http://essayboard.com/2011/07/12/how-to-dual-boot-ubuntu-11-04-and-windows-7-the-traditional-way-through-grub-2/ http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=1774523 Following their instructions, I got: Boot Info Script 0.60 from 17 May 2011 ============================= Boot Info Summary: =============================== => Windows is installed in the MBR of /dev/sda. => Syslinux MBR (3.61-4.03) is installed in the MBR of /dev/sdb. => Grub2 (v1.99) is installed in the MBR of /dev/sdc and looks at sector 1 of the same hard drive for core.img. core.img is at this location and looks for (,msdos7)/boot/grub on this drive. sda1: __________________________________________________ ________________________ File system: ntfs Boot sector type: Windows Vista/7 Boot sector info: No errors found in the Boot Parameter Block. Operating System: Boot files: /grldr /bootmgr /Boot/BCD /grldr sda2: __________________________________________________ ________________________ File system: ntfs Boot sector type: Windows Vista/7 Boot sector info: No errors found in the Boot Parameter Block. Operating System: Windows 7 Boot files: /Windows/System32/winload.exe sdb1: __________________________________________________ ________________________ File system: vfat Boot sector type: SYSLINUX 4.02 debian-20101016 ...........>...r>....... ......0...~.k...~...f...M.f.f....f..8~....>2} Boot sector info: Syslinux looks at sector 1437504 of /dev/sdb1 for its second stage. SYSLINUX is installed in the directory. The integrity check of the ADV area failed. According to the info in the boot sector, sdb1 starts at sector 0. But according to the info from fdisk, sdb1 starts at sector 62. Operating System: Boot files: /boot/grub/grub.cfg /syslinux/syslinux.cfg /ldlinux.sys sdc1: __________________________________________________ ________________________ File system: ntfs Boot sector type: Windows XP Boot sector info: No errors found in the Boot Parameter Block. Operating System: Boot files: sdc2: __________________________________________________ ________________________ File system: Extended Partition Boot sector type: - Boot sector info: sdc5: __________________________________________________ ________________________ File system: swap Boot sector type: - Boot sector info: sdc6: __________________________________________________ ________________________ File system: swap Boot sector type: - Boot sector info: sdc7: __________________________________________________ ________________________ File system: ext4 Boot sector type: - Boot sector info: Operating System: Ubuntu 11.04 Boot files: /boot/grub/grub.cfg /etc/fstab /boot/grub/core.img sdc8: __________________________________________________ ________________________ File system: swap Boot sector type: - Boot sector info: Going back into Ubuntu and running sudo fdisk -l , I got these: ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ sudo fdisk -l Disk /dev/sda: 160.0 GB, 160041885696 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 19457 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x0002f393 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 * 1 13 102400 7 HPFS/NTFS Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary. /dev/sda2 13 19458 156185600 7 HPFS/NTFS Disk /dev/sdb: 2011 MB, 2011168768 bytes 62 heads, 62 sectors/track, 1021 cylinders Units = cylinders of 3844 * 512 = 1968128 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x000f2ab9 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdb1 * 1 1021 1962331 c W95 FAT32 (LBA) Disk /dev/sdc: 1000.2 GB, 1000202043392 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 121600 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00261ddd Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdc1 * 1 60657 487222656+ 7 HPFS/NTFS /dev/sdc2 60657 121600 489527681 5 Extended /dev/sdc5 120563 121600 8337703+ 82 Linux swap / Solaris /dev/sdc6 120073 120562 3930112 82 Linux swap / Solaris /dev/sdc7 60657 119584 473328640 83 Linux /dev/sdc8 119584 120072 3923968 82 Linux swap / Solaris Should I proceed and do the following? Assuming Ubuntu 11.04 was installed on device sdb1, do this: sudo mount /dev/sdb1 /mnt Then do this: sudo grub-install--root-directory=/mnt /dev/sdb Notice there are two dashes in front of the root directory, and I'm not using sdb1 but sdb. Since the command in step 15 had reinstalled Grub 2, now we need to unmount the /mnt (i.e. sdb1) to clean up. Do this: sudo umount /mnt Reboot and remove Ubuntu 11.04 CD/DVD from disk tray. Log into Ubuntu 11.04 (you have no choice but it will make you log into Ubuntu 11.04 at this point). Open up a terminal in Ubuntu 11.04 (using real installation, not live CD/DVD). Execute this command: sudo update-grub Reboot the machine.

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  • Windows 7 automatically rearranges the start menu

    - by Brice
    I've seen so many messages on how to rearrange the Windows Start Menu and none mentioning the real problem in doing so which has been around since XP at least. I go to ProgramData/Microsoft/Windows/Start Menu and have a day making everything the way I want. For one thing, their Maintenance menu, the Accessories menu and the Administrative Tools menu, I like to put under a Tools folder that I've created. And they seem to move OK. However, within a few hours, I see some of the shortcuts have been moved back or copied back and a new copy of these folders suddenly appears again on my Start Menu at the root. This is maddening and no one seems to even notice in all the tutorials I've read. Anyone know how to change this behavior?

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  • How can I fix an inconsistent NTFS file system without Windows?

    - by Demetri
    I have a Dell laptop that came with Windows from the factory. Since then, I have installed Linux and replaced the hard drive with an SSD. The NTFS partition is inconsistent (a result of bad sectors on the HDD) and needs to be fixed, but I cannot boot into Windows to run chkdsk. How do I fix this problem? Until I do, I cannot move my NTFS partition to expand space on my root filesystem, which is critically low. EDIT: All of my partitions were cloned from my dying HDD to my SSD via Clonezilla. There are no bad sectors on the SSD, but the NTFS partition is still in an inconsistent state.

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  • How to backup MySQL (mysqldump) when Memcached installed?

    - by cewebugil
    The server OS is CentOS, with Memcached installed Before Memcached installed, I use mysqldump -u root -p --lock-tables --add-locks --disable-keys --skip-extended-insert --quick wcraze > /var/backup/backup.sql But now, Memcached has been installed. According to Wikipedia; When the table is full, subsequent inserts cause older data to be purged in least recently used (LRU) order. This means new data entry is not directly saved in MySQL, but saved in Memcached instead, until limit_maxbytes is full, the least accessed data will be saved in MySQL. This means, some data is not in the MySQL but in Memcached. So, when backup, the new entry is not in the backup data What is the right way to backup?

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  • Website filtering for OpenVPN clients

    - by Asche
    I am currently trying to block some websites by their domain names for all the clients of my OpenVPN server. My first idea was to use the /etc/hosts file. But, its effects seem to be limited to the host only and not to be taken in consideration by OpenVPN. I then tried to configure bind9 and to interface it with OpenVPN, but that solution was unsuccessful and uneasy to use. After this, I considered using iptables to drop all the packets from/to those websites but that forum thread made me thought otherwise since iptables' behavior with FQDN may generate complex issues. Have you got a solution to block websites for all clients using an OpenVPN server on which I am root?

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  • Stupid question: prevent file from being changed under linux

    - by Josh
    Ok. Stupid question. I have forgotten what this is called and without remembering the name the search function on the site and on google is failing me. What's the command under linux to mark a file as "locked"/to prevent any changes from being made to it? I'm not talking about chmod. There's a property that can be set (again the name escapes me at the moment) which prevents even processes running as root from changing a file. What is this called and how do I set it?

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