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• Using Django view variables inside templates

  - by William

  Hi, this is a rather basic question (I'm new to Django) but I'm having trouble using a variable set in my view inside my template. If I initialize a string or list inside my view (i.e. h = "hello") and then attempt to call it inside a template: {{ h }} there is neither output nor errors. Similarly, if I try to use a variable inside my template that doesn't exist: {{ asdfdsadf }} there is again no error reported. Is this normal? And how can I use my variables within my templates. Thanks!

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• MongoDB lists with paginations?

  - by Timmy

  for documents with lists with pagination, is it better to embed or use reference? im reading the custom type "SONManipulator" and it appears to transform every thing on retrieval, even the sub docs. i want to keep the list in the document sorted, should this impact anything?

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• When do you use metaclasses?

  - by johannix

  Just started looking into metaclasses and while they seem powerful, I can think of other ways to accomplish the same type of thing. I was wondering when metaclasses have been found to be the right answer and why.

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• How to sort a Pandas DataFrame according to multiple criteria?

  - by user1715271

  I have the following DataFrame containing song names, their peak chart positions and the number of weeks they spent at position no 1: Song Peak Weeks 76 Paperback Writer 1 16 117 Lady Madonna 1 9 118 Hey Jude 1 27 22 Can't Buy Me Love 1 17 29 A Hard Day's Night 1 14 48 Ticket To Ride 1 14 56 Help! 1 17 109 All You Need Is Love 1 16 173 The Ballad Of John And Yoko 1 13 85 Eleanor Rigby 1 14 87 Yellow Submarine 1 14 20 I Want To Hold Your Hand 1 24 45 I Feel Fine 1 15 60 Day Tripper 1 12 61 We Can Work It Out 1 12 10 She Loves You 1 36 155 Get Back 1 6 8 From Me To You 1 7 115 Hello Goodbye 1 7 2 Please Please Me 2 20 92 Strawberry Fields Forever 2 12 93 Penny Lane 2 13 107 Magical Mystery Tour 2 16 176 Let It Be 2 14 0 Love Me Do 4 26 157 Something 4 9 166 Come Together 4 10 58 Yesterday 8 21 135 Back In The U.S.S.R. 19 3 164 Here Comes The Sun 58 19 96 Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band 63 12 105 With A Little Help From My Friends 63 7 I'd like to rank these songs in order of popularity, so I'd like to sort them according to the following criteria: songs that reached the highest position come first, but if there is a tie, the songs that remained in the charts for the longest come first. I can't seem to figure out how to do this in Pandas.

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• using dictionary to assign misspelled words to its line number

  - by jad

  This is the code I have so far d = {} counter = 0 for lines in words: counter += 1 for word in text1: if word not in words: d[word] = [counter] else: d[word].append(counter) print(word, d[counter]) words = my text file text1 is my misspelled words But this gives me an error. What I want to do is print the word and the line number e.g. togeher 5 7

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• prints line number in both txtfile and list????

  - by jad

  i have this code which prints the line number in infile but also the linenumber in words what do i do to only print the line number of the txt file next to the words??? d = {} counter = 0 wrongwords = [] for line in infile: infile = line.split() wrongwords.extend(infile) counter += 1 for word in infile: if word not in d: d[word] = [counter] if word in d: d[word].append(counter) for stuff in wrongwords: print(stuff, d[stuff]) the output is : hello [1, 2, 7, 9] # this is printing the linenumber of the txt file hello [1] # this is printing the linenumber of the list words hello [1] what i want is: hello [1, 2, 7, 9]

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• programs hangs during socket interaction

  - by herrturtur

  I have two programs, sendfile.py and recvfile.py that are supposed to interact to send a file across the network. They communicate over TCP sockets. The communication is supposed to go something like this: sender =====filename=====> receiver sender <===== 'ok' ======= receiver or sender <===== 'no' ======= receiver if ok: sender ====== file ======> receiver I've got The sender and receiver code is here: Sender: import sys from jmm_sockets import * if len(sys.argv) != 4: print "Usage:", sys.argv[0], "<host> <port> <filename>" sys.exit(1) s = getClientSocket(sys.argv[1], int(sys.argv[2])) try: f = open(sys.argv[3]) except IOError, msg: print "couldn't open file" sys.exit(1) # send filename s.send(sys.argv[3]) # receive 'ok' buffer = None response = str() while 1: buffer = s.recv(1) if buffer == '': break else: response = response + buffer if response == 'ok': print 'receiver acknowledged receipt of filename' # send file s.send(f.read()) elif response == 'no': print "receiver doesn't want the file" # cleanup f.close() s.close() Receiver: from jmm_sockets import * s = getServerSocket(None, 16001) conn, addr = s.accept() buffer = None filename = str() # receive filename while 1: buffer = conn.recv(1) if buffer == '': break else: filename = filename + buffer print "sender wants to send", filename, "is that ok?" user_choice = raw_input("ok/no: ") if user_choice == 'ok': # send ok conn.send('ok') #receive file data = str() while 1: buffer = conn.recv(1) if buffer=='': break else: data = data + buffer print data else: conn.send('no') conn.close() I'm sure I'm missing something here in the sorts of a deadlock, but don't know what it is.

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• how to confine to write a string in specific list ,on google-app-engine

  - by zjm1126

  class FirstModel(db.Model): p = db.StringProperty({option:['aa','bb','cc']}) the error is : NameError: name 'option' is not defined what should i do ,thanks

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• OpenGL embedded in gtk has colour badly displayed

  - by Sardathrion

  Note that this is a re-write now that I have more clues as to where the problem could be... I am creating a GTK GUI which contains two embedded OpenGL displays. Both use the same shader code (complied once for each). On my normal hardware, this works fine. On a virtual machine running on the same hardware, I get horrible colours -- see images. I suspect that the shader code is at fault -- certainly dropping a simpler shader does make the problem moot. However, I do need both diffuse and spot lights in my shader thus making it non-trivial. Anyone has seen this before?

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• Py GTK Drawing area and Rich Text Editor

  - by crashekar

  I would like to include a rich text editor in a pygtk drawing area for an application i am developing. The editor ( a small resizable widget ) should be able to move around the drawing area like a rectangle. I am not sure how to start as I am pretty new to PyGTK. thank you !

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• Efficient way to combine results of two database queries.

  - by ensnare

  I have two tables on different servers, and I'd like some help finding an efficient way to combine and match the datasets. Here's an example: From server 1, which holds our stories, I perform a query like: query = """SELECT author_id, title, text FROM stories ORDER BY timestamp_created DESC LIMIT 10 """ results = DB.getAll(query) for i in range(len(results)): #Build a string of author_ids, e.g. '1314,4134,2624,2342' But, I'd like to fetch some info about each author_id from server 2: query = """SELECT id, avatar_url FROM members WHERE id IN (%s) """ values = (uid_list) results = DB.getAll(query, values) Now I need some way to combine these two queries so I have a dict that has the story as well as avatar_url and member_id. If this data were on one server, it would be a simple join that would look like: SELECT * FROM members, stories WHERE members.id = stories.author_id But since we store the data on multiple servers, this is not possible. What is the most efficient way to do this? Thanks.

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• Attribute Address getting displayed instead of Attribute Value

  - by Manish

  I am try to create the following. I want to have one drop down menu. Depending on the option selected in the first drop down menu, options in second drop down menu will be displayed. The options in 2nd drop down menu is supposed by dynamic, i.e., options change with the change of values in first menu. Here, instead of getting the drop down menus, I am getting the following Choose your Option1: Choose your Option2: Note: I strictly don't want to use javascript. home_form.py class HomeForm(forms.Form): def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs): var_filter_con = kwargs.pop('filter_con', None) super(HomeForm, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs) if var_filter_con == '***': var_empty_label = None else: var_empty_label = ' ' self.option2 = forms.ModelChoiceField(queryset = db_option2.objects.filter(option1_id = var_filter_con).order_by("name"), empty_label = var_empty_label, widget = forms.Select(attrs={"onChange":'this.form.submit();'}) ) self.option1 = forms.ModelChoiceField(queryset = db_option1.objects.all().order_by("name"), empty_label=None, widget=forms.Select(attrs={"onChange":'this.form.submit();'}) ) view.py def option_view(request): if request.method == 'POST': form = HomeForm(request.POST) if form.is_valid(): cd = form.cleaned_data if cd.has_key('option1'): f = HomeForm(filter_con = cd.get('option1')) return render_to_response('homepage.html', {'home_form':f,}, context_instance=RequestContext(request)) return render_to_response('invalid_data.html', {'form':form,}, context_instance=RequestContext(request)) else: f = HomeForm(filter_con = '***') return render_to_response('homepage.html', {'home_form':f,}, context_instance=RequestContext(request)) homepage.html <!DOCTYPE HTML> <head> <title>Nivaaran</title> </head> <body> <form method="post" name = 'choose_opt' action=""> {% csrf_token %} Choose your Option1: {{ home_form.option1 }} <br/> Choose your Option2: {{ home_form.option2 }} </form> </body>

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• PyGTK: Radiobuttons are still displayed after removal

  - by canavanin

  Hi everyone! I am using PyGTK and the gtk.assistant. On one page I would like to display two radiobuttons in case the user selected a certain option on a previous page. The labels of the buttons - and whether the buttons are to be present at all - are to depend entirely on that earlier selection. Furthermore, if the user goes back and changes that selection, the page containing the radiobuttons is to be updated accordingly. I have got as far as having the radiobuttons displayed when necessary, and with the correct labels. The trouble is that if I go back and change the determining selection, or if I move one page further than the 'radiobutton page' and then move back, the buttons are not only not removed (in case that would have been required), their number has also doubled. To show you what I'm doing, here's part of my code (I've left out bits that do unrelated things, that's why the function name doesn't fit). The function is called when the "prepare" signal is emitted prior to construction of the 'radiobutten page'. def make_class_skills_treestore(self): print self.trained_by_default_hbox.get_children() # PRINT 1 for child in self.trained_by_default_hbox.get_children(): if type(child) == gtk.RadioButton: self.trained_by_default_hbox.remove(child) #child.destroy() # <-- removed the labels, but not the buttons print self.trained_by_default_hbox.get_children() # PRINT 2 class_skills = self.data.data['classes'][selected_class].class_skills.values() default_trained_count = (class_skills.count([True, True]) , class_skills.count([True, False])) num_default_trained_skills = default_trained_count[1] / 2 # you have to pick one of a pair --> don't # count each as trained by default for i in range(default_trained_count[0]): # those are trained by default --> no choice num_default_trained_skills +=1 selected_class = self.get_classes_key_from_class_selection() if default_trained_count[1]: for skill in self.data.data['classes'][selected_class].class_skills.keys(): if self.data.data['classes'][selected_class].class_skills[skill] == [ True, False ] and not self.default_radio: self.default_radio.append(gtk.RadioButton(group=None, label=skill)) elif self.data.data['classes'][selected_class].class_skills[skill] == [ True, False ] and self.default_radio: self.default_radio.append(gtk.RadioButton(group=self.default_radio[0], label=skill)) if self.default_radio: for radio in self.default_radio: self.trained_by_default_hbox.add(radio) self.trained_by_default_hbox.show_all() self.trained_by_default_hbox and self.trained_by_default_label, as well as self.default_radio stem from the above function's class. I have two print statements (PRINT 1 and PRINT 2) in there for debugging. Here's what they give me: PRINT 1: [<gtk.Label object at 0x8fc4c84 (GtkLabel at 0x90a2f20)>, <gtk.RadioButton object at 0x8fc4d4c (GtkRadioButton at 0x90e4018)>, <gtk.RadioButton object at 0x8fc4cac (GtkRadioButton at 0x90ceec0)>] PRINT 2: [<gtk.Label object at 0x8fc4c84 (GtkLabel at 0x90a2f20)>] So the buttons have indeed been removed, yet they still show up on the page. I know the code requires some refactoring, but first I'd like to get it to work at all... If someone could help me out that would be great! Thanks a lot in advance for your replies - any kind of help is highly appreciated.

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• Transferring binary file from web server to client

  - by Yan Cheng CHEOK

  Usually, when I want to transfer a web server text file to client, here is what I did import cgi print "Content-Type: text/plain" print "Content-Disposition: attachment; filename=TEST.txt" print filename = "C:\\TEST.TXT" f = open(filename, 'r') for line in f: print line Works very fine for ANSI file. However, say, I have a binary file a.exe (This file is in web server secret path, and user shall not have direct access to that directory path). I wish to use the similar method to transfer. How I can do so? What content-type I should use? Using print seems to have corrupted content received at client side. What is the correct method?

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• better for-loop syntax for detecting empty sequences?

  - by Dmitry Beransky

  Hi, Is there a better way to write the following: row_counter = 0 for item in iterable_sequence: # do stuff with the item counter += 1 if not row_counter: # handle the empty-sequence-case Please keep in mind that I can't use len(iterable_sequence) because 1) not all sequences have known lengths; 2) in some cases calling len() may trigger loading of the sequence's items into memory (as the case would be with sql query results). The reason I ask is that I'm simply curious if there is a way to make above more concise and idiomatic. What I'm looking for is along the lines of: for item in sequence: #process item *else*: #handle the empty sequence case (assuming "else" here worked only on empty sequences, which I know it doesn't)

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• changing order of items in tkinter listbox

  - by user1104854

  Is there an easier way to change the order of items in a tkinter listbox than deleting the values for specific key, then re-entering new info? For example, I want to be able to re-arrange items in a listbox. If I want to swap the position of two, this is what I've done. It works, but I just want to see if there's a quicker way to do this. def moveup(self,selection): value1 = int(selection[0]) - 1 #value to be moved down one position value2 = selection #value to be moved up one position nameAbove = self.fileListSorted.get(value1) #name to be moved down nameBelow = self.fileListSorted.get(value2) #name to be moved up self.fileListSorted.delete(value1,value1) self.fileListSorted.insert(value1,nameBelow) self.fileListSorted.delete(value2,value2) self.fileListSorted.insert(value2,nameAbove)

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• default model field attribute in Django

  - by Rosarch

  I have a Django model: @staticmethod def getdefault(): print "getdefault called" return cPickle.dumps(set()) _applies_to = models.TextField(db_index=True, default=getdefault) For some reason, getdefault() is never called, even as I construct instances of this model and save them to the database. This seems to contradict the Django documentation: Field.default The default value for the field. This can be a value or a callable object. If callable it will be called every time a new object is created. Am I doing something wrong? Update: Originally, I had this, but then I switched to the above version to debug: _applies_to = models.TextField(db_index=True, default=cPickle.dumps(set())) I'm not sure why that wouldn't work.

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• make a tree based on the key of each element in list.

  - by cocobear

  >>> s [{'000000': [['apple', 'pear']]}, {'100000': ['good', 'bad']}, {'200000': ['yeah', 'ogg']}, {'300000': [['foo', 'foo']]}, {'310000': [['#'], ['#']]}, {'320000': ['$', ['1']]}, {'321000': [['abc', 'abc']]}, {'322000': [['#'], ['#']]}, {'400000': [['yeah', 'baby']]}] >>> for i in s: ... print i ... {'000000': [['apple', 'pear']]} {'100000': ['good', 'bad']} {'200000': ['yeah', 'ogg']} {'300000': [['foo', 'foo']]} {'310000': [['#'], ['#']]} {'320000': ['$', ['1']]} {'321000': [['abc', 'abc']]} {'322000': [['#'], ['#']]} {'400000': [['yeah', 'baby']]} i want to make a tree based on the key of each element in list. result in logic will be: {'000000': [['apple', 'pear']]} {'100000': ['good', 'bad']} {'200000': ['yeah', 'ogg']} {'300000': [['foo', 'foo']]} {'310000': [['#'], ['#']]} {'320000': ['$', ['1']]} {'321000': [['abc', 'abc']]} {'322000': [['#'], ['#']]} {'400000': [['yeah', 'baby']]} perhaps a nested list can implement this or I need a tree type?

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• Does Google appengine cache external requests?

  - by Andy Hume

  I have a very simple application running on appengine that requests a web page every five minutes and parses for a specific piece of data. Everything works fine except that the response I get back from the external request (using urllib2) doesn't reflect the latest changes to the page. Sometimes it takes a few minutes to get the latest, sometimes over an hour. Is there a transparent layer of caching that appengine puts in place? Or is there something else I am missing here? I've looked at the caching headers of the requested page and there is no Expires or LastModified's sent. Update: Sometimes, it will get the new version of the page for a number of requests and then randomly later get an old out of date version.

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• How to manage feeds with subclassed object in Django 1.2?

  - by Matteo

  Hi, I'm trying to generate a feed rss from a model like this one, selecting all the Entry objects: from django.db import models from django.contrib.sites.models import Site from django.contrib.auth.models import User from imagekit.models import ImageModel import datetime class Entry(ImageModel): date_pub = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.datetime.now) author = models.ForeignKey(User) via = models.URLField(blank=True) comments_allowed = models.BooleanField(default=True) icon = models.ImageField(upload_to='icon/',blank=True) class IKOptions: spec_module = 'journal.icon_specs' cache_dir = 'icon/resized' image_field = 'icon' class Post(Entry): title = models.CharField(max_length=200) description = models.TextField() slug = models.SlugField(unique=True) def __unicode__(self): return self.title class Photo(Entry): alt = models.CharField(max_length=200) description = models.TextField(blank=True) original = models.ImageField(upload_to='photo/') class IKOptions: spec_module = 'journal.photo_specs' cache_dir = 'photo/resized' image_field = 'original' def __unicode__(self): return self.alt class Quote(Entry): blockquote = models.TextField() cite = models.TextField(blank=True) def __unicode__(self): return self.blockquote When I use the render_to_response in my views I simply call: def get_journal_entries(request): entries = Entry.objects.all().order_by('-date_pub') return render_to_response('journal/entries.html', {'entries':entries}) And then I use a conditional template to render the right snippets of html: {% extends "base.html" %} {% block main %} <hr> {% for entry in entries %} {% if entry.post %}[...]{% endif %}[...] But I cannot do the same with the Feed Framework in django 1.2... Any suggestion, please?

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• Finding out event that called a CGI script

  - by Acorn

  What I want is to be able to make my CGI script do different things depending on what action initiated the calling of the script. For example, if one button is pressed, a database is cleared. If another button is pressed, a form is submitted and that data is added to the database. Should I be doing something like adding the name of the form/button to the end of the POST data submitted in jQuery and then .poping it off in the script? Or is there some other data that's already sent in the POST that I could get from FieldStorage that would give me the information I need to decide what the script should do when it's called? And what if I wasn't using javascript? Would I have to have a hidden field that gets submitted with the name of the form/button? Or is it best to use a different target script for each button on a page?

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• Doing a count over a filter query efficiently in django

  - by apple_pie

  Hello, Django newbie here, I need to do a count over a certain filter in a django model. If I do it like so: my_model.objects.filter(...).count() I'm guessing it does the SQL query that retrieves all the rows and only afterwards does the count. To my knowledge it's much more efficient to do the count without retrieving those rows like so "SELECT COUNT(*) FROM ...". Is there a way to do so in django?

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• can I put my sqlite connection and cursor in a function?

  - by steini

  I was thinking I'd try to make my sqlite db connection a function instead of copy/pasting the ~6 lines needed to connect and execute a query all over the place. I'd like to make it versatile so I can use the same function for create/select/insert/etc... Below is what I have tried. The 'INSERT' and 'CREATE TABLE' queries are working, but if I do a 'SELECT' query, how can I work with the values it fetches outside of the function? Usually I'd like to print the values it fetches and also do other things with them. When I do it like below I get an error Traceback (most recent call last): File "C:\Users\steini\Desktop\py\database\test3.py", line 15, in <module> for row in connection('testdb45.db', "select * from users"): ProgrammingError: Cannot operate on a closed database. So I guess the connection needs to be open so I can get the values from the cursor, but I need to close it so the file isn't always locked. Here's my testing code: import sqlite3 def connection (db, arg): conn = sqlite3.connect(db) conn.execute('pragma foreign_keys = on') cur = conn.cursor() cur.execute(arg) conn.commit() conn.close() return cur connection('testdb.db', "create table users ('user', 'email')") connection('testdb.db', "insert into users ('user', 'email') values ('joey', 'foo@bar')") for row in connection('testdb45.db', "select * from users"): print row How can I make this work?

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• Online Game programming in Google App Engine: AI

  - by Hortinstein

  I am currently in the planning stages of a game for google app engine, but cannot wrap my head around how I am going to handle AI. I intend to have persistant NPCs that will move about the map, but short of writing a program that generates the same XML requests I use to control player actions, than run it on another server I am stuck on how to do it. I have looked at the Task Queue feature, but due to long running processes not being an option on the App engine, I am a little stuck. I intend to run multiple server instances with 200+ persistant NPC entities that I will need to update. Most action is slowly roaming around based on player movements/concentrations, and attacking close range players(you can probably guess the type of game im developing)

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• Pyjamas import statements

  - by Gordon Worley

  I'm starting to use Pyjamas and I'm running into some annoyances. I have to import a lot of stuff to make a script work well. For example, to make a button I need to first from pyjamas.ui.Button import Button and then I can use Button. Note that import pyjamas.ui.Button and then using Button.Button doesn't work (results in errors when you build to JavaScript, at least in 0.7pre1). Does anyone have a better example of a good way to do the import statements in Pyjamas than what the Pyjamas folks have on their site? Doing things their way is possible, but ugly and overly complicated from my perspective, especially when you want to use a dozen or more ui components.

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