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  • numpy array mapping and take average

    - by user566653
    Dear all, I have three array value = np.array ([1, 3, 3, 5, 5, 7, 3]) index = np.array ([1, 1, 3, 3, 6, 6, 6]) data = np.array ([1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]) and want to take average for item of "value" by array "index", and assign a new array with value of "data", such as [2, nan, 4, nan, nan, 5] first value is the average of 1st and 2nd of "value" second value is nan because there is not any key in "index" third value is the average of 3rd and 4th of "value" ... Thanks for your help!!! Regards, Roy

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  • Best way to test instance methods without running __init__

    - by KenFar
    I've got a simple class that gets most of its arguments via init, which also runs a variety of private methods that do most of the work. Output is available either through access to object variables or public methods. Here's the problem - I'd like my unittest framework to directly call the private methods called by init with different data - without going through init. What's the best way to do this? So far, I've been refactoring these classes so that init does less and data is passed in separately. This makes testing easy, but I think the usability of the class suffers a little. EDIT: Example solution based on Ignacio's answer: import types class C(object): def __init__(self, number): new_number = self._foo(number) self._bar(new_number) def _foo(self, number): return number * 2 def _bar(self, number): print number * 10 #--- normal execution - should print 160: ------- MyC = C(8) #--- testing execution - should print 80 -------- MyC = object.__new__(C) MyC._bar(8)

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  • 50 million+ Rows of Data - CSV or MySQL

    - by eWizardII
    Hello, I have a CSV file which is about 1GB big and contains about 50million rows of data, I am wondering is it better to keep it as a CSV file or store it as some form of a database. I don't know a great deal about MySQL to argue for why I should use it or another database framework over just keeping it as a CSV file. I am basically doing a Breadth-First Search with this dataset, so once I get the initial "seed" set the 50million I use this as the first values in my queue. Thanks,

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  • How fast are App Engine db.get(keys) and A.all(keys_only=True).filter('b =', b).fetch(1000)?

    - by Liron Shapira
    A db.get() of 50 keys seems to take me 5-6 seconds. Is that normal? What is the time a function of? I also did a A.all(keys_only=True).filter('b =', b).fetch(1000) where A.b is a ReferenceProperty. I did 50 such round trips to the datastore, with different values of b, and the total time was only 3-4 seconds. How is this possible? db.get() is done in parallel, with only one trip to the datastore, and I would think that looking up an entity by key is a faster operation than fetch.

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  • Django Template Inheritance -- Missing Images?

    - by user367817
    Howdy, I have got the following file heirarchy: project   other stuff   templates       images           images for site       app1           templates for app1       registration           login template       base.html (base for entire site)       style.css (for base.html) In the login template, I am extending 'base.html.' 'base.html' uses 'style.css' along with all of the images in the 'templates/images' directory. For some reason, none of the CSS styles or images will show up in the login template, even though I'm extending it. Does this missing image issue have something to do with screwed up "media" settings somewhere? I never understood those, but this is a major roadblock in my proof-of-concept, so any help is appreciated. Thanks!

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  • Online job-searching is tedious. Help me automate it.

    - by ehsanul
    Many job sites have broken searches that don't let you narrow down jobs by experience level. Even when they do, it's usually wrong. This requires you to wade through hundreds of postings that you can't apply for before finding a relevant one, quite tedious. Since I'd rather focus on writing cover letters etc., I want to write a program to look through a large number of postings, and save the URLs of just those jobs that don't require years of experience. I don't require help writing the scraper to get the html bodies of possibly relevant job posts. The issue is accurately detecting the level of experience required for the job. This should not be too difficult as job posts are usually very explicit about this ("must have 5 years experience in..."), but there may be some issues with overly simple solutions. In my case, I'm looking for entry-level positions. Often they don't say "entry-level", but inclusion of the words probably means the job should be saved. Next, I can safely exclude a job the says it requires "5 years" of experience in whatever, so a regex like /\d\syears/ seems reasonable to exclude jobs. But then, I realized some jobs say they'll take 0-2 years of experience, matches the exclusion regex but is clearly a job I want to take a look at. Hmmm, I can handle that with another regex. But some say "less than 2 years" or "fewer than 2 years". Can handle that too, but it makes me wonder what other patterns I'm not thinking of, and possibly excluding many jobs. That's what brings me here, to find a better way to do this than regexes, if there is one. I'd like to minimize the false negative rate and save all the jobs that seem like they might not require many years of experience. Does excluding anything that matches /[3-9]\syears|1\d\syears/ seem reasonable? Or is there a better way? Training a bayesian filter maybe?

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  • Matplotlib not showing up in Mac OSX

    - by Werner
    Hi, I am running Mac OSX 10.5.8. I installed matplotlib using macports. I get some examples from the matplotlib gallery like this one, without modification: http://matplotlib.sourceforge.net/examples/api/unicode_minus.html I run it, get no error, but the picture does not show up. In Linux Ubuntu I get it. Do you know what could be wrong here? Thanks

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  • Replace ",**" with a linebreak using RegEx (or something else)

    - by John
    I'm getting started with RegEx and I was wondering if anyone could help me craft a statement to convert coordinates as follows: 145.00694,-37.80421,9 145.00686,-37.80382,9 145.00595,-37.8035,16 145.00586,-37.80301,16 to 145.00694,-37.80421 145.00686,-37.80382 145.00595,-37.8035 145.00586,-37.80301 (Strip off the last comma and value and turn it into a line break.) I can't figure out how to use wildcards to do something like that. Any help would be greatly appreciated! Thanks.

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  • Is there something similar to 'rake routes' in django?

    - by The MYYN
    In rails, on can show the active routes with rake (http://guides.rubyonrails.org/routing.html): $ rake routes users GET /users {:controller=>"users", :action=>"index"} formatted_users GET /users.:format {:controller=>"users", :action=>"index"} POST /users {:controller=>"users", :action=>"create"} POST /users.:format {:controller=>"users", :action=>"create"} Is there a similar tool/command for django showing the e.g. the URL pattern, the name of the pattern (if any) and the associated function in the views?

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  • subplot matplotlib wrong syntax

    - by madptr
    I am using matplotlib to subplot in a loop. For instance, i would like to subplot 49 data sets, and from the doc, i implemented it this way; import numpy as np import matplotlib.pyplot as plt X1=list(range(0,10000,1)) X1 = [ x/float(10) for x in X1 ] nb_mix = 2 parameters = [] for i in range(49): param = [] Y = [0] * len(X1) for j in range(nb_mix): mean = 5* (1 + (np.random.rand() * 2 - 1 ) * 0.5 ) var = 10* (1 + np.random.rand() * 2 - 1 ) scale = 5* ( 1 + (np.random.rand() * 2 - 1) * 0.5 ) Y = [ Y[k] + scale * np.exp(-((X1[k] - mean)/float(var))**2) for k in range(len(X1)) ] param = param + [[mean, var, scale]] ax = plt.subplot(7, 7, i + 1) ax.plot(X1, Y) parameters = parameters + [param] ax.show() However, i have an index out of range error from i=0 onwards. Where can i do better to have it works ? Thanks

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  • Element not found blocks execution in Selenium

    - by Mariano
    In my test, I try to verify if certain text exists (after an action) using find_element_by_xpath. If I use the right expression and my test pass, the routine ends correctly in no time. However if I try a wrong text (meaning that the test will fail) it hangs forever and I have to kill the script otherwise it does not end. Here is my test (the expression Thx user, client or password you entered is incorrect does not exist in the system, no matter what the user does): # -*- coding: utf-8 -*- import gettext import unittest from selenium import webdriver class TestWrongLogin(unittest.TestCase): def setUp(self): self.driver = webdriver.Firefox() self.driver.get("http://10.23.1.104:8888/") # let's check the language try: self.lang = self.driver.execute_script("return navigator.language;") self.lang = self.lang("-")[0] except: self.lang = "en" language = gettext.translation('app', '/app/locale', [self.lang], fallback=True) language.install() self._ = gettext.gettext def tearDown(self): self.driver.quit() def test_wrong_client(self): # test wrong client inputElement = self.driver.find_element_by_name("login") inputElement.send_keys("root") inputElement = self.driver.find_element_by_name("client") inputElement.send_keys("Unleash") inputElement = self.driver.find_element_by_name("password") inputElement.send_keys("qwerty") self.driver.find_element_by_name("form.submitted").click() # wait for the db answer self.driver.implicitly_wait(10) ret = self.driver.find_element_by_xpath( "//*[contains(.,'{0}')]".\ format(self._(u"Thx user, client or password you entered is incorrect"))) self.assertTrue(isinstance(ret, webdriver.remote.webelement.WebElement)) if __name__ == '__main__': unittest.main() Why does it do that and how can I prevent it?

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  • How can I disable a model field in a django form

    - by jammon
    I have a model like this: class MyModel(models.Model): REGULAR = 1 PREMIUM = 2 STATUS_CHOICES = ((REGULAR, "regular"), (PREMIUM, "premium")) name = models.CharField(max_length=30) status = models.IntegerField(choices = STATUS_CHOICES, default = REGULAR) class MyForm(forms.ModelForm): class Meta: model = models.MyModel In a view I initialize one field and try to make it non-editable: myform = MyForm(initial = {'status': requested_status}) myform.fields['status'].editable = False But the user can still change that field. What's the real way to accomplish what I'm after?

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  • Most secure way to generate a random session ID for a cookie?

    - by ensnare
    I'm writing my own sessions controller that issues a unique id to a user once logged in, and then verifies and authenticates that unique id at every page load. What is the most secure way to generate such an id? Should the unique id be completely random? Is there any downside to including the user id as part of the unique id?

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  • PyGTK: Radiobuttons are still displayed after removal

    - by canavanin
    Hi everyone! I am using PyGTK and the gtk.assistant. On one page I would like to display two radiobuttons in case the user selected a certain option on a previous page. The labels of the buttons - and whether the buttons are to be present at all - are to depend entirely on that earlier selection. Furthermore, if the user goes back and changes that selection, the page containing the radiobuttons is to be updated accordingly. I have got as far as having the radiobuttons displayed when necessary, and with the correct labels. The trouble is that if I go back and change the determining selection, or if I move one page further than the 'radiobutton page' and then move back, the buttons are not only not removed (in case that would have been required), their number has also doubled. To show you what I'm doing, here's part of my code (I've left out bits that do unrelated things, that's why the function name doesn't fit). The function is called when the "prepare" signal is emitted prior to construction of the 'radiobutten page'. def make_class_skills_treestore(self): print self.trained_by_default_hbox.get_children() # PRINT 1 for child in self.trained_by_default_hbox.get_children(): if type(child) == gtk.RadioButton: self.trained_by_default_hbox.remove(child) #child.destroy() # <-- removed the labels, but not the buttons print self.trained_by_default_hbox.get_children() # PRINT 2 class_skills = self.data.data['classes'][selected_class].class_skills.values() default_trained_count = (class_skills.count([True, True]) , class_skills.count([True, False])) num_default_trained_skills = default_trained_count[1] / 2 # you have to pick one of a pair --> don't # count each as trained by default for i in range(default_trained_count[0]): # those are trained by default --> no choice num_default_trained_skills +=1 selected_class = self.get_classes_key_from_class_selection() if default_trained_count[1]: for skill in self.data.data['classes'][selected_class].class_skills.keys(): if self.data.data['classes'][selected_class].class_skills[skill] == [ True, False ] and not self.default_radio: self.default_radio.append(gtk.RadioButton(group=None, label=skill)) elif self.data.data['classes'][selected_class].class_skills[skill] == [ True, False ] and self.default_radio: self.default_radio.append(gtk.RadioButton(group=self.default_radio[0], label=skill)) if self.default_radio: for radio in self.default_radio: self.trained_by_default_hbox.add(radio) self.trained_by_default_hbox.show_all() self.trained_by_default_hbox and self.trained_by_default_label, as well as self.default_radio stem from the above function's class. I have two print statements (PRINT 1 and PRINT 2) in there for debugging. Here's what they give me: PRINT 1: [<gtk.Label object at 0x8fc4c84 (GtkLabel at 0x90a2f20)>, <gtk.RadioButton object at 0x8fc4d4c (GtkRadioButton at 0x90e4018)>, <gtk.RadioButton object at 0x8fc4cac (GtkRadioButton at 0x90ceec0)>] PRINT 2: [<gtk.Label object at 0x8fc4c84 (GtkLabel at 0x90a2f20)>] So the buttons have indeed been removed, yet they still show up on the page. I know the code requires some refactoring, but first I'd like to get it to work at all... If someone could help me out that would be great! Thanks a lot in advance for your replies - any kind of help is highly appreciated.

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  • Why will this for loop not return one field from list rather than the list?

    - by Dick Eshelman
    import csv """sample row = 10/6/2010,73.42,74.43,72.9,74.15,2993500""" filename_in = 'c:/python27/scripts/fiverows.csv' reader = csv.reader(open(filename_in, "rb"), dialect="excel", delimiter="\t", quoting =csv.QUOTE_MINIMAL) for row in reader: for item in row: print 'row = ',row print 'item = ', item When you run this script and print the row you get the sample row returned in [] as a list. When you print the item you get the sample row as an unquoted string. Why do I not get each field ie, (10/6/2010), (73.42), etc. returned as an item? How do I return a single item?

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  • A faster alternative to Pandas `isin` function

    - by user3576212
    I have a very large data frame df that looks like: ID Value1 Value2 1345 3.2 332 1355 2.2 32 2346 1.0 11 3456 8.9 322 And I have a list that contains a subset of IDs ID_list. I need to have a subset of df for the ID contained in ID_list. Currently, I am using df_sub=df[df.ID.isin(ID_list)] to do it. But it takes a lot time. IDs contained in ID_list doesn't have any pattern, so it's not within certain range. (And I need to apply the same operation to many similar dataframes. I was wondering if there is any faster way to do this. Will it help a lot if make ID as the index? Thanks!

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  • Suffix if statement

    - by Aardschok
    I was looking for a way to add a suffix to jointchain in Maya. The jointchain has specific naming so I create a list with the names they need to be. The first chain has "_1" as suffix, result: R_Clavicle_1|R_UpperArm_1|R_UnderArm_1|R_Wrist_1 When I create the second this is the result: R_Clavicle_2|R_UpperArm_1|R_UnderArm_1|R_Wrist_1 The code: DRClavPos = cmds.xform ('DRClavicle', q=True, ws=True, t=True) DRUpArmPos = cmds.xform ('DRUpperArm', q=True, ws=True, t=True) DRUnArmPos = cmds.xform ('DRUnderArm', q=True, ws=True, t=True) DRWristPos = cmds.xform ('DRWrist', q=True, ws=True, t=True), cmds.xform('DRWrist', q=True, os=True, ro=True) suffix = 1 jntsA = cmds.ls(type="joint", long=True) while True: jntname = ["R_Clavicle_"+str(suffix),"R_UpperArm_"+str(suffix),"R_UnderArm_"+str(suffix),"R_Wrist_"+str(suffix)] if jntname not in jntsA: cmds.select (d=True) cmds.joint ( p=(DRClavPos)) cmds.joint ( p=(DRUpArmPos)) cmds.joint ( 'joint1', e=True, zso=True, oj='xyz', radius=0.5, n=jntname[0]) cmds.joint ( p=(DRUnArmPos)) cmds.joint ( 'joint2', e=True, zso=True, oj='xyz', radius=0.5, n=jntname[1]) cmds.joint ( p=(DRWristPos[0])) cmds.joint ( 'joint3', e=True, zso=True, oj='xyz', radius=0.5, n=jntname[2]) cmds.rename ('joint4', jntname[3]) cmds.select ( cl=True) break else: suffix + 1 I tried adding +1 in jntname which resulted in a good second chain but the third chain had "_2" after R_Clavicle_3 The code, in my eyes should work. Can anybody point me in the correct direction :)

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  • Django. default=datetime.now() problem

    - by Shamanu4
    Hello. I've such db model: from datetime import datetime class TermPayment(models.Model): dev_session = models.ForeignKey(DeviceSession, related_name='payments') user_session = models.ForeignKey(UserSession, related_name='payment') date = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now(),blank=True) sum = models.FloatField(default=0) cnt = models.IntegerField(default=0) class Meta: db_table = 'term_payments' ordering = ['-date'] and here new instance is added: # ... tp = TermPayment() tp.dev_session = self.conn.session # device session hash tp.user_session = self.session # user session hash tp.sum = sum tp.cnt = cnt tp.save() But i've a problem: all records in database have the same value in date field - the date of the first payment. After server restart - one record have new date and others have the same as first after restart. It's look like some data cache is using but I can't found where. database: mysql 5.1.25 django v1.1.1

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  • variable being weirdly deleted

    - by calccrypto
    im having a weird problem with one variable: its not being recognized but its still printing. i would post my code, but it is massive. the basic idea is: # pseudocode def function(stuff): <do stuff> # These are the only 2 conditions if tag == 3: pka = <a string> if tag == 4: pka = <a string> print pka # (1) print pka # (2) <do stuff not modifying pka> print pka # (3) if pka == 'RSA': <do stuff> elif pka == 'DSA': <do stuff> my code will error at (2). however, it will print out (1), (2), and (3), all of which are the same. is there any general explanation of why this is happening? if my code is really needed, i will post it, but otherwise, i would rather not due to its size update: now the code will error at the if statement after (3), saying UnboundLocalError: local variable 'pka' referenced before assignment even though (1),(2),(3) just printed

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  • Can't iterate over nestled dict in django

    - by fredrik
    Hi, Im trying to iterate over a nestled dict list. The first level works fine. But the second level is treated like a string not dict. In my template I have this: {% for product in Products %} <li> <p>{{ product }}</p> {% for partType in product.parts %} <p>{{ partType }}</p> {% for part in partType %} <p>{{ part }}</p> {% endfor %} {% endfor %} </li> {% endfor %} It's the {{ part }} that just list 1 char at the time based on partType. And it seams that it's treated like a string. I can however via dot notation reach all dict but not with a for loop. The current output looks like this: Color C o l o r Style S ..... The Products object looks like this in the log: [{'product': <models.Products.Product object at 0x1076ac9d0>, 'parts': {u'Color': {'default': u'Red', 'optional': [u'Red', u'Blue']}, u'Style': {'default': u'Nice', 'optional': [u'Nice']}, u'Size': {'default': u'8', 'optional': [u'8', u'8.5']}}}] What I trying to do is to pair together a dict/list for a product from a number of different SQL queries. The web handler looks like this: typeData = Products.ProductPartTypes.all() productData = Products.Product.all() langCode = 'en' productList = [] for product in productData: typeDict = {} productDict = {} for type in typeData: typeDict[type.typeId] = { 'default' : '', 'optional' : [] } productDict['product'] = product productDict['parts'] = typeDict defaultPartsData = Products.ProductParts.gql('WHERE __key__ IN :key', key = product.defaultParts) optionalPartsData = Products.ProductParts.gql('WHERE __key__ IN :key', key = product.optionalParts) for defaultPart in defaultPartsData: label = Products.ProductPartLabels.gql('WHERE __key__ IN :key AND partLangCode = :langCode', key = defaultPart.partLabelList, langCode = langCode).get() productDict['parts'][defaultPart.type.typeId]['default'] = label.partLangLabel for optionalPart in optionalPartsData: label = Products.ProductPartLabels.gql('WHERE __key__ IN :key AND partLangCode = :langCode', key = optionalPart.partLabelList, langCode = langCode).get() productDict['parts'][optionalPart.type.typeId]['optional'].append(label.partLangLabel) productList.append(productDict) logging.info(productList) templateData = { 'Languages' : Settings.Languges.all().order('langCode'), 'ProductPartTypes' : typeData, 'Products' : productList } I've tried making the dict in a number of different ways. Like first making a list, then a dict, used tulpes anything I could think of. Any help is welcome! Bouns: If someone have an other approach to the SQL quires, that is more then welcome. I feel that it kinda stupid to run that amount of quires. What is happening that each product part has a different label base on langCode. ..fredrik

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