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• Dump characters (glyphs) from TrueType font (TTF) into bitmaps

  - by jpatokal

  I have a custom TrueType font (TTF) that consists of a bunch of icons, which I'd like to render as individual bitmaps (GIF, PNG, whatever) for use on the Web. You'd think this is a simple task, but apparently not? There is a huge slew of TTF-related software here: http://cg.scs.carleton.ca/~luc/ttsoftware.html But it's all varying levels of "not quite what I want", broken links and/or hard to impossible to compile on a modern Ubuntu box -- eg. dumpglyphs (C++) and ttfgif (C) both fail to compile due to obscure missing dependencies. Any ideas?

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• How to draw a transparent stroke (or anyway clear part of an image) on the iPhone

  - by devguy

  I have a small app that allows the user to draw on the screen with the finger. Yes, nothing original, but it's part of something larger :) I have a UIImageView where the user draws, by creating a CGContextRef and the various CG draw functions. I primarily draw strokes/lines with the function CGContextAddLineToPoint Now the problem is this: the user can draw lines of various colors. I want to give him the ability to use a "rubber" tool to delete some part of the image drawn so far, with the finger. I initially did this by using a white color for the stroke (set with the CGContextSetRGBStrokeColor function) but it did't work out...because I discovered later that the UIImage on the UIImageView was actually with transparent background, not white...so I would end up with a transparent image with white lines on it! Is there anyway to set a "transparent" stroke color...or is there any other way to clear the content of the CGContextRef under the user's finger, when he moves it? Thanks

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• Renaming Functions during runtime in PHP.

  - by The Rook

  In PHP 5.3 is there a way to rename a function or "hook" a function. There is the rename_function() within "APD" which has been broken since ~2004. If you try and build it on PHP 5.3 you'll get this error: 'struct _zend_compiler_globals' has no member named 'extended_info' This is a really easy error to fix, just change this line: GC(extended_info) = 1; to CG(compiler_options) |= ZEND_COMPILE_EXTENDED_INFO; I modified my php.ini and the APD shows up in my phpinfo() as it should. However when i call rename_function() the PHP page doesn't load and I get a segmentation fault in my /var/log/apache2/error.log. Is there anyway to fix APD to work with a modern version of PHP? Or is there another method to rename functions? Why on earth is vital feature not in php!??!?! (Gotta love python :)

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• Is there a language designed for code golf?

  - by J S

  I am not really a fan of code golf, but I have to wonder, is there an esoteric language designed for it? I mean a language with following properties: Common programs may be expressed in very short amount of characters It uses ASCII character set effectively (for example, common operators are not identifiers, so they don't have to be separated by whitespace, character usage is distributed more or less evenly because we cannot use Huffman coding and so on) Except the terse syntax, it should have very expressible and clean semantics (like, let's say, Python or Scheme); it shouldn't be difficult to program in It doesn't need features for large scale programs, such as OOP, but it definitely should allow custom functions and data structures It should have a large standard library, identifiers in this library should be as short as possible Maybe it should be called CG? Languages that can be a source of inspiration are Forth, APL and Joy.

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• Running .NET app from network share in Win 7?

  - by schooner

  We have a .NET 1.1 application that we keep on a netowork share. We install the .NET Framerwork to the local PCs and also set the full trust via the following: %windir%\Microsoft.NET\Framework\v1.1.4322\caspol -pp off -cg LocalIntranet_Zone FullTrust This has worked fine on all PCs to date however now we have a few new PCs with Win7 and the process no longer is working. The app will run fine from a local drive in Win7 but running the networked copy results in a general exception error. Any ideas on how to get this to work under Win7?

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• Operator() as a subscript (C++)

  - by Ivan Gromov

  I use operator() as a subscript operator this way: double CVector::operator() (int i) const { if (i >= 0 && i < this->size) return this->data[i]; else return 0; } double& CVector::operator() (int i) { return (this->data[i]); } It works when I get values, but I get an error when I try to write assign a value using a(i) = 1; UPD: Error text: Unhandled exception at 0x651cf54a (msvcr100d.dll) in CG.exe: 0xC0000005: Access violation reading location 0xccccccc0.

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• Simple Big O with lg(n) proof

  - by halohunter

  I'm attempting to guess and prove the Big O for: f(n) = n^3 - 7n^2 + nlg(n) + 10 I guess that big O is n^3 as it is the term with the largest order of growth However, I'm having trouble proving it. My unsuccesful attempt follows: f(n) <= cg(n) f(n) <= n^3 - 7n^2 + nlg(n) + 10 <= cn^3 f(n) <= n^3 + (n^3)*lg(n) + 10n^3 <= cn^3 f(n) <= N^3(11 + lg(n)) <= cn^3 so 11 + lg(n) = c But this can't be right because c must be constant. What am I doing wrong?

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• What is this JavaScript gibberish?

  - by W3Geek

  I am studying how to make a 2D game with JavaScript by reading open source JavaScript games and I came across this gibberish... aSpriteData = [ "}\"¹-º\"À+º\"À+º\"À+º\"¿¤À ~C_ +º\"À+º\"À+º\"À*P7²OK%¾+½u_\"À<¡a¡a¡bM@±@ª", // 0 ground "a ' ![± 7°³b£[mt<Nµ7z]~¨OR»[f_7l},tl},+}%XN²Sb[bl£[±%Y_¹ !@ $", // 1 qbox "!A % @,[] ±}°@;µn¦&X£ <$ §¤ 8}}@Prc'U#Z'H'@· ¶\"is ¤&08@£(", // 2 mario " ´!A.@H#q8¸»e-½n®@±oW:&X¢a<&bbX~# }LWP41}k¬#3¨q#1f RQ@@:4@$", // 3 mario jump " 40 q$!hWa-½n¦#_Y}a©,0#aaPw@=cmY<mq©GBagaq&@q#0§0t0¤ $", // 4 mario run "+hP_@", // 5 pipe left "¢,6< R¤", // 6 pipe right "@ & ,'+hP?>³®'©}[!»¹.¢_^¥y/pX¸#µ°=a¾½hP?>³®'©}[!»¹.¢_^ Ba a", // 7 pipe top left "@ , !] \"º £] , 8O #7a&+¢ §²!cº 9] P &O ,4 e", // 8 pipe top right " £ #! ,! P!!vawd/XO¤8¼'¤P½»¹²'9¨ \"P²Pa²(!¢5!N*(4´b!Gk(a", // 9 goomba " Xu X5 =ou!¯­¬a[Z¼q.°u#|xv ¸··@=~^H'WOJ!¯­¬a=Nu ²J <J a", // 10 coin // yui "@ & !MX ~L \"y %P *¢ 5a K w !L \"y %P *­a%¬¢ 4 a", // 11 ebox // yui "¢ ,\"²+aN!@ &7 }\"²+aN!XH # }\"²+aN!X% 8}\"²+aN!X%£@ (", // 12 bricks "} %¿¢!N° I¨²*<P%.8\"h,!Cg r¥ H³a4X¢*<P%.H#I¬ :a!u !q", // 13 block makeSpace(20) + "4a }@ }0 N( w$ }\" N! +aa", // 14 bush left " r \"²y!L%aN zPN NyN#²L}[/cy¾ N" + makeSpace(18) + "@", // 15 bush mid makeSpace(18) + "++ !R·a!x6 &+6 87L ¢6 P+ 8+ (", // 16 bush right " %©¦ +pq 7> \"³ s" + makeSpace(25) + "@", // 17 cloud bottom left "a/a_#².Q¥'¥b}8.£¨7!X\"K+5cqs%(" + makeSpace(18) + "0", // 18 cloud bottom mid "bP ¢L P+ 8%a,*a%§@ J" + makeSpace(22) + "(", // 19 cloud bottom right "", // 20 mushroom "", // koopa 16x24 "", // 22 star "", // 23 flagpole "", // 24 flag "", // 25 flagpole top " 6 ~ }a }@ }0 }( }$ }\" }! } a} @} 0} (} $} \"² $", // 26 hill slope "a } \"m %8 *P!MF 5la\"y %P" + makeSpace(18) + "(", // 27 hill mid makeSpace(30) + "%\" t!DK \"q", // 28 hill top "", // 29 castle bricks "", // 30 castle doorway bottom "", // 31 castle doorway top "", // 32 castle top "", // 33 castle top 2 "", // 34 castle window right "", // 35 castle window left "", // 36 castle flag makeSpace(19) + "8@# (9F*RSf.8 A¢$!¢040HD", // 37 goomba flat " *(!¬#q³¡[_´Yp~¡=<¥g=&'PaS²¿ Sbq*<I#*£Ld%Ryd%¼½e8H8bf#0a", // 38 mario dead " = ³ #b 'N¶ Z½Z Z½Z Z½Z Z½Z Z½Z Z½Z =[q ²@ ³ ¶ 0", // 39 coin step 1 " ?@ /q /e '¤ #³ !ºa }@ N0 ?( /e '¤ #³ ¿ _a \"", // 40 coin step 2 " / > ] º !² #¢ %a + > ] º !² #¢ 'a \"", // 41 coin step 3 " 7¢ +² *] %> \"p !Ga t¢ I² 4º *] %> \"p ¡ Oa \"" // 42 coin step 4 ], What does it do? If you want to look at the source file here it is: http://www.nihilogic.dk/labs/mario/mario.js Beware, there is more gibberish inside. I can't seem to make sense of any of it. Thank you.

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• MS in Computer Science after BE in electronics

  - by Abhinav

  I am doing my 3rd year Bachelors in Electronics and Electrical Communication but from the first year I have been interested in Computer Science. But at that time it was just my hobby. But in second year when I joined robotics my love for computer science rose. I with my team came in top three in 2 National Competition (Technical fests of different IITs) where we used Image Processing, Hardware interfacing etc. But then I realised that Computer Science is not just about coding. I took many lectures from online free schools like Udacity, Coursera in subjects related to Artificial Intelligence, Building a Search Engine, Design and Analysis of Algorithm, Programming a Robotic Car, Programming Languages, Machine Learning, Software Engineering as a Service, WebApps Engineering, Compilers, Applied Crypotography etc. I also did some courses in Core and Advanced Java in my second year from training institute. I will also be taking course in Statistics, Databases, Discrete Mathematics from 25th June. Now I realized how vast is the field of Computer Science and how efficient you become on deciding algorithms and classifying problems into different subfields which have been thoroughly researched so you don't always do brute force thing or naive programming. Now this field has become kind of passion for me. Adding to the fact I am also doing my 6 months internship in software field in Texas Instruments where I am working on Automation and Algorithms. I also have some 5-6 good college level projects in Softwares and Robotics. I also like Electronics but only some fields like Operating System(this subject was there in Electronics also), Micro Processor, Digital, Computer Architecture, DSPs etc. I really want to pursue MS in some field of Computer Science. I am giving GRE in October/November. Till now I have good CG of around 9.4/10 and my 1 year in college is still left. Do I have any chance that some good University in US will consider me for MS in field related to computer science or Robotics. Also Can you suggest somethings that I can do during this 1 year to increase my chances for MS or should I apply for EECS(Electrical Engineering and Computer Science) and then I can shift more towards Computer Science as my major option. My main aim is to do Phd after Ms in CS if I am able to do that somehow. I know that I have to put much extra effort to understand things in MS than CS undergraduates but I will do that with my full dedication, also when I communicate with my college CS students or during my internship period I didn't feel that I am missing very much stuff that they know and was very comfortable during my internship with software employees.

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• C#, Delegates and LINQ

  - by JustinGreenwood

  One of the topics many junior programmers struggle with is delegates. And today, anonymous delegates and lambda expressions are profuse in .net APIs.  To help some VB programmers adapt to C# and the many equivalent flavors of delegates, I walked through some simple samples to show them the different flavors of delegates. using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; namespace DelegateExample { class Program { public delegate string ProcessStringDelegate(string data); public static string ReverseStringStaticMethod(string data) { return new String(data.Reverse().ToArray()); } static void Main(string[] args) { var stringDelegates = new List<ProcessStringDelegate> { //========================================================== // Declare a new delegate instance and pass the name of the method in new ProcessStringDelegate(ReverseStringStaticMethod), //========================================================== // A shortcut is to just and pass the name of the method in ReverseStringStaticMethod, //========================================================== // You can create an anonymous delegate also delegate (string inputString) //Scramble { var outString = inputString; if (!string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(inputString)) { var rand = new Random(); var chs = inputString.ToCharArray(); for (int i = 0; i < inputString.Length * 3; i++) { int x = rand.Next(chs.Length), y = rand.Next(chs.Length); char c = chs[x]; chs[x] = chs[y]; chs[y] = c; } outString = new string(chs); } return outString; }, //========================================================== // yet another syntax would be the lambda expression syntax inputString => { // ROT13 var array = inputString.ToCharArray(); for (int i = 0; i < array.Length; i++) { int n = (int)array[i]; n += (n >= 'a' && n <= 'z') ? ((n > 'm') ? 13 : -13) : ((n >= 'A' && n <= 'Z') ? ((n > 'M') ? 13 : -13) : 0); array[i] = (char)n; } return new string(array); } //========================================================== }; // Display the results of the delegate calls var stringToTransform = "Welcome to the jungle!"; System.Console.ForegroundColor = ConsoleColor.Cyan; System.Console.Write("String to Process: "); System.Console.ForegroundColor = ConsoleColor.Yellow; System.Console.WriteLine(stringToTransform); stringDelegates.ForEach(delegatePointer => { System.Console.WriteLine(); System.Console.ForegroundColor = ConsoleColor.Cyan; System.Console.Write("Delegate Method Name: "); System.Console.ForegroundColor = ConsoleColor.Magenta; System.Console.WriteLine(delegatePointer.Method.Name); System.Console.ForegroundColor = ConsoleColor.Cyan; System.Console.Write("Delegate Result: "); System.Console.ForegroundColor = ConsoleColor.White; System.Console.WriteLine(delegatePointer(stringToTransform)); }); System.Console.ReadKey(); } } } The output of the program is below: String to Process: Welcome to the jungle! Delegate Method Name: ReverseStringStaticMethod Delegate Result: !elgnuj eht ot emocleW Delegate Method Name: ReverseStringStaticMethod Delegate Result: !elgnuj eht ot emocleW Delegate Method Name: b__1 Delegate Result: cg ljotWotem!le une eh Delegate Method Name: b__2 Delegate Result: dX_V|`X ?| ?[X ]?{Z_X!

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• UISplitViewController and complex view heirarchy

  - by Jasconius

  I'm doing an iPad tech demo and I'm running into a serious technical problem. I have an app concept that leverages UISplitViewController, but NOT as the primary controller for the entire app. The app flow could be described roughly as this: Home screen (UIViewController) List-Detail "Catalog" (UISplitViewController) Super Detail Screen (UIViewController but could conceivable also be a child of SplitView). The problem is in the flow between Home and Catalog. Once a UISplitViewController view is added to the UIWindow, it starts to throw hissy fits. The problem can be summarized at this: When a UISplitView generates a popover view, it appears to then be latched to its parent view. Upon removing the UISplitView from the UIWindow subviews, you will get a CoreGraphics exception and the view will fail to be removed. When adding other views (presumably in this case, the home screen to which you are returning), they do not autorotate, instead, the UISplitView, which has failed to be removed due to a CG exception, continues to respond to the rotation instead, causing horrible rendering bugs that can't be just "dealt with". At this point, adding any views, even re-adding the SplitView, causes a cascade of render bugs. I then tried simply to leave the SplitView ever present as the "bottom" view, and keeping adding and removing the Home Screen from on top of it, but this fails as SplitView dominates the Orientation change calls, and Home Screen will not rotate, even if you call [homeScreen becomeFirstResponder] You can't put SplitView into a hierarchy like UINavigationController, you will get an outright runtime error, so that option is off the table. Modals just look bad and are discourages anyway. My presumption at this moment is that the only proper way to deal with this problem is so somehow "disarm" UISplitViewController so that it can be removed from its parent view without throwing an unhandled exception, but I have no idea how. If you want to see an app that does exactly what I need to do, check out GILT Groupe in the iPad app store. They pulled it off, but they seem to have programmed an entire custom view transition set. Help would be greatly appreciated.

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• MATLAB Easter Egg Spy vs Spy

  - by Aqui1aZ3r0

  I heard that MATLAB 2009b or earlier had a fun function. When you typed spy in the console, you would get something like this: http://t2.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcSHAgKz-y1HyPHcfKvBpYmZ02PWpe3ONMDat8psEr89K0VsP_ft However, now you have an image like this:http://undocumentedmatlab.com/images/spy2.png I'd like it if I could get the code of the original spy vs spy image FYI, there's a code, but has certain errors in it: c = [';@3EA4:aei7]ced.CFHE;4\T*Y,dL0,HOQQMJLJE9PX[[Q.ZF.\JTCA1dd' '-IorRPNMPIE-Y\R8[I8]SUDW2e+' '=4BGC;7imiag2IFOQLID8''XI.]K0"PD@l32UZhP//P988_WC,U+Z^Y\<2' '&lt;82BF>?8jnjbhLJGPRMJE9/YJ/L1#QMC$;;V[iv09QE99,XD.YB,[_]=3a' '9;CG?@9kokc2MKHQSOKF:0ZL0aM2$RNG%AAW\jw9E.FEE-_G8aG.d]_W5+' '?:CDH@A:lpld3NLIRTPLG=1[M1bN3%SOH4BBX]kx:J9LLL8H9bJ/+d_dX6,' '@;DEIAB;mqmePOMJSUQMJ2\N2cO4&TPP@HCY^lyDKEMMN9+I@+S8,+deY7^' '8@EFJBC<4rnfQPNPTVRNKB3]O3dP5''UQQCIDZ_mzEPFNNOE,RA,T9/,++\8_' '9A2G3CD=544gRQPQUWUOLE4^P4"Q6(VRRIJE[n{KQKOOPK-SE.W:F/,,]Z+' ':BDH4DE>655hSRQRVXVPMF5_Q5#R>)eSSJKF\ao0L.L-WUL.VF8XCH001_[,' ';3EI<eo ?766iTSRSWYWQNG6$R6''S?*fTTlLQ]bp1M/P.XVP8[H9]DIDA=]' '?4D3=FP@877jUTSTXZXROK7%S7(TF+gUUmMR^cq:N9Q8YZQ9_IcIJEBd_^' '@5E@GQA98b3VUTUY*YSPL8&T)UI,hVhnNS_dr;PE.9Z[RCaR?+JTFC?e+' '79FA?HRB:9c4WVUVZ+ZWQM=,WG*VJ-"gi4OTes-XH+bK.#hj@PUvftDRMEF,]UH,UB.TYVWX,e\' '9;ECAKTY< ;eWYXWX\:)YSOE.YI,cL/$ikCqV1guE/PFL-^XI-YG/WZWXY1+]' ':AFDBLUZ=jgY[ZYZ-<7[XQG0[K.eN1&"$K2u:iyO9.PN9-_K8aJ9_]]82[' '?CEFDNW\?khZ[Z[==8\YRH1\M/!O2''#%m31Bw0PE/QXE8+R9bS;da^]93\' '@2FGEOX]ali[][9(ZSL2]N0"P3($&n;2Cx1QN9--L9,SA+T< +d_:4,' 'A3GHFPY^bmj\^]\]??:)[TM3^O1%Q4)%''oA:D0:0OE.8ME-TE,XB,+da;5[' '643IGQZ_cnk]_^]^@@;5\UN4_P2&R6*&(3B;E1<1PN99NL8WF.^C/,a+bY6,' '7:F3HR[dol^_^AA<6]VO5Q3''S>+'');CBF:=:QOEEOO9_G8aH6/d,cZ[Y' '8;G4IS\aep4_a-BD=7''XP6aR4(T?,(5@DCHCC;RPFLPPDH9bJ70+0d\\Z' '9BH>JT^bf45ba.CE@8(YQ7#S5)UD-)?AEDIDDD/QKMVQJ+S?cSDF,1e]a,' ':C3?K4_cg5[acbaADFA92ZR8$T6*VE.*@JFEJEEE0.NNWTK,U@+TEG0?+_bX' ';2D@L9dh6\bdcbBEGD:3[S=)U7+cK/+CKGFLIKI9/OWZUL-VA,WIHB@,`cY']; i = double(c(:)-32); j = cumsum(diff([0; i])< =0) + 1; S = sparse(i,j,1)'; spy(S)

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• Hiding Command Prompt with CodeDomProvider

  - by j-t-s

  Hi All I've just got my own little custom c# compiler made, using the article from MSDN. But, when I create a new Windows Forms application using my sample compiler, the MSDOS window also appears, and if I close the DOS window, my WinForms app closes too. How can I tell the Compiler? not to show the MSDOS window at all? Thank you :) Here's my code: using System; namespace JTS { public class CSCompiler { protected string ot, rt, ss, es; protected bool rg, cg; public string Compile(String se, String fe, String[] rdas, String[] fs, Boolean rn) { System.CodeDom.Compiler.CodeDomProvider CODEPROV = System.CodeDom.Compiler.CodeDomProvider.CreateProvider("CSharp"); ot = fe; System.CodeDom.Compiler.CompilerParameters PARAMS = new System.CodeDom.Compiler.CompilerParameters(); // Ensure the compiler generates an EXE file, not a DLL. PARAMS.GenerateExecutable = true; PARAMS.OutputAssembly = ot; PARAMS.CompilerOptions = "/target:winexe"; PARAMS.ReferencedAssemblies.Add(typeof(System.Xml.Linq.Extensions).Assembly.Location); PARAMS.LinkedResources.Add("this.ico"); foreach (String ay in rdas) { if (ay.Contains(".dll")) PARAMS.ReferencedAssemblies.Add(ay); else { string refd = ay; refd = refd + ".dll"; PARAMS.ReferencedAssemblies.Add(refd); } } System.CodeDom.Compiler.CompilerResults rs = CODEPROV.CompileAssemblyFromFile(PARAMS, fs); if (rs.Errors.Count > 0) { foreach (System.CodeDom.Compiler.CompilerError COMERR in rs.Errors) { es = es + "Line number: " + COMERR.Line + ", Error number: " + COMERR.ErrorNumber + ", '" + COMERR.ErrorText + ";" + Environment.NewLine + Environment.NewLine; } } else { // Compilation succeeded. es = "Compilation Succeeded."; if (rn) System.Diagnostics.Process.Start(ot); } return es; } } }

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• Hiding Command Prompt with CodeDomProvider

  - by j-t-s

  Hi All I've just got my own little custom c# compiler made, using the article from MSDN. But, when I create a new Windows Forms application using my sample compiler, the MSDOS window also appears, and if I close the DOS window, my WinForms app closes too. How can I tell the Compiler? not to show the MSDOS window at all? Thank you :) Here's my code: using System; namespace JTS { public class CSCompiler { protected string ot, rt, ss, es; protected bool rg, cg; public string Compile(String se, String fe, String[] rdas, String[] fs, Boolean rn) { System.CodeDom.Compiler.CodeDomProvider CODEPROV = System.CodeDom.Compiler.CodeDomProvider.CreateProvider("CSharp"); ot = fe; System.CodeDom.Compiler.CompilerParameters PARAMS = new System.CodeDom.Compiler.CompilerParameters(); // Ensure the compiler generates an EXE file, not a DLL. PARAMS.GenerateExecutable = true; PARAMS.OutputAssembly = ot; PARAMS.CompilerOptions = "/target:winexe"; PARAMS.ReferencedAssemblies.Add(typeof(System.Xml.Linq.Extensions).Assembly.Location); PARAMS.LinkedResources.Add("this.ico"); foreach (String ay in rdas) { if (ay.Contains(".dll")) PARAMS.ReferencedAssemblies.Add(ay); else { string refd = ay; refd = refd + ".dll"; PARAMS.ReferencedAssemblies.Add(refd); } } System.CodeDom.Compiler.CompilerResults rs = CODEPROV.CompileAssemblyFromFile(PARAMS, fs); if (rs.Errors.Count > 0) { foreach (System.CodeDom.Compiler.CompilerError COMERR in rs.Errors) { es = es + "Line number: " + COMERR.Line + ", Error number: " + COMERR.ErrorNumber + ", '" + COMERR.ErrorText + ";" + Environment.NewLine + Environment.NewLine; } } else { // Compilation succeeded. es = "Compilation Succeeded."; if (rn) System.Diagnostics.Process.Start(ot); } return es; } } }

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• Creating spotlight in OpenGL scene

  - by Victor Oliveira

  Im studying OpenGL and trying to create a spot light at my application. The code that Im using for my #vertex-shader is below: #:vertex-shader #{ #version 150 core in vec3 in_pos; in vec2 in_tc; out vec2 tc; glLightf(GL_LIGHT0, GL_SPOT_CUTOFF, 20.0f); GLfloat spot_direction[] = { -1.0, -1.0, 0.0 }; glLightfv(GL_LIGHT0, GL_SPOT_DIRECTION, spot_direction); glEnable(GL_LIGHT0); void main() { vec4 pos= vec4(vec3(1.0)*in_pos - vec3(1.0), 1.0); pos.z=0.0; gl_Position = pos; tc = in_tc; } } The thing is, everytime Im trying to run the code an Error that says: Type: other, Source: api, ID: 131169, Severity: low Message: Framebuffer detailed info: The driver allocated storage for renderbuffer 1. len = 157, written = 0 failed to compile vertex shader of deferred: directional info log for shader deferred: directional vertex info log for shader deferred: directional: ERROR: Unbound variable: when Specifications: Renderer: GeForce GTX 580/PCIe/SSE2 Version: 3.3.0 NVIDIA 319.17 GLSL: 3.30 NVIDIA via Cg compiler Status: Using GLEW 1.9.0 1024 x 768 OS: Linux debian I guess to create this spotlight is pretty much simple, but since Im really new to OpenGL I dont have a clue how to do it until now, even reading sources like: http://www.glprogramming.com/red/chapter05.html#name3 Read also in some place that light spots can get really hard to understand, but I cant avoid this step right now since Im following my lecture schedule. Could anybody help me?

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• How to- NSAttributedString to CGImageRef

  - by kroko

  Hello! I'm writing a QuickLook plugin. Well, everything works. Just want to try it make better ;). Thus the question. Here is a function that returns thumbnail image and that I'm using now. QLThumbnailRequestSetImageWithData( QLThumbnailRequestRef thumbnail, CFDataRef data, CFDictionaryRef properties); ); http://developer.apple.com/mac/library/documentation/UserExperience/Reference/QLThumbnailRequest_Ref/Reference/reference.html#//apple_ref/c/func/QLThumbnailRequestSetImageWithData Right now I'm creating a TIFF - encapsulated it into NSData. An example // Setting CFDataRef CGSize thumbnailMaxSize = QLThumbnailRequestGetMaximumSize(thumbnail); NSMutableAttributedString *attributedString = [[[NSMutableAttributedString alloc] initWithString:@"dummy" attributes:[NSDictionary dictionaryWithObjectsAndKeys: [NSFont fontWithName:@"Monaco" size:10], NSFontAttributeName, [NSColor colorWithCalibratedRed:0.0 green:0.0 blue:0.0 alpha:1.0], NSForegroundColorAttributeName, nil] ] autorelease]; NSImage *thumbnailImage = [[[NSImage alloc] initWithSize:NSMakeSize(thumbnailMaxSize.width, thumbnailMaxSize.height)] autorelease]; [thumbnailImage lockFocus]; [[NSColor whiteColor] set]; NSRectFill(NSMakeRect(0, 0, thumbnailMaxSize.width, thumbnailMaxSize.height)); [attributedString drawInRect:NSMakeRect(0, 0, thumbnailMaxSize.width, thumbnailMaxSize.height)]; [thumbnailImage unlockFocus]; (CFDataRef)[thumbnailImage TIFFRepresentation]; // This is data // Setting CFDictionaryRef (CFDictionaryRef)[NSDictionary dictionaryWithObjectsAndKeys:@"kUTTypeTIFF", (NSString *)kCGImageSourceTypeIdentifierHint, nil ]; // this is properties However QuickLook provides another function to return thumbnail image, namely QLThumbnailRequestSetImage( QLThumbnailRequestRef thumbnail, CGImageRef image, CFDictionaryRef properties); ); http://developer.apple.com/mac/library/documentation/UserExperience/Reference/QLThumbnailRequest_Ref/Reference/reference.html#//apple_ref/c/func/QLThumbnailRequestSetImage I have a feeling that passing CGImage to the QL instead of TIFF data would help in speeding things up. However- I have never worked with CG context before. I know, the documentation is there :), but anyways- could anyone give an example how to turn that NSAttributed string into CGImageRef. An example is worth 10 times reading the documentation ;) Any help appreciated. Thanks in advance!

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• Can't draw UImage in UIView::drawRect

  - by Joel

  I know this seems like a simple task, which is why I don't understand why I can't get the image to render. When I set up my UIView, I do the following: myUiView.backgroundColor = [UIColor clearColor]; myUiView.opaque = NO; I create and retain the UIImage in the init function of my UIView: image = [[UIImage imageWithContentsOfFile:[[NSBundle mainBundle] pathForResource:@"test" ofType:@"png"]] retain]; then my drawRect looks like this: - (void) drawRect:(CGRect) rect { [image drawInRect:self.bounds]; } Ultimately I'll be manipulating that UIImage via bitmap context, and then in drawRect create a CGImage out of the context, and render that, but for now I'm just trying to get it rendering a known image. I've been digging through this site, as well as the documentation. I've gone down the CG path and tried drawing it with CGContextDrawImage by following the numerous examples other people have posted, but that didn't work either. So I've come back to what seems to be the most straightforward way to draw an image, but it isn't working. Any help would be greatly appreciated. Thanks in advance.

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• Black Corners On Grouped UITableViewCells Only After Navigation Pops

  - by coneybeare

  I am not graphics expert but I somehow managed to make some good looking custom grouped UITableViewCells by setting the background view to a backgroundView with some CG code. In all SDK's up to 3.1.3 (maybe 3.2... I haven't tested on the iPad) this was working great, but I think a more recent SDK has introduced a change in the way graphics are cached offscreen. Upon first render, everything is great: The drawing is fine and the corners are transparent. If I push a couple of view controllers on the navigation stack and come back, there are now black corners that appear in the views: BEFORE && AFTER I have tons of code, most of which is written up here. I have tried tweaking to the best of my ability, looking at the docs for applicable changes, but after at least 8 hours in I still cannot find what might cause this. I have tried setting every view I can think of to be backgroundColor=clearColor and opaque=NO What else am I missing? Any debugging tips? UPDATE: I have some debug code in viewDidAppear that prints the backgroundColor and class description of all the subviews. - (void)debugView:(UIView *)view { DebugLog(@"%@ - %@", view.backgroundColor, [[view class] description]); for (UIView* child in view.subviews) { [self debugView:child]; } } - (void)viewDidAppear:(BOOL)animated { [super viewDidAppear:animated]; [DownloadController.networkQueue setSuspended:NO]; for (TTTableViewCell *cell in [self.tableView visibleCells]) { [cell debugView:cell]; } } With this code, I inspect the backgroundColor settings of the cell views on first load, when it is fine, and then again after coming back. There are some differences, but all the colors are still set to be clear. This leads me to believe the issue is underneath the UITableViewCell. UPDATE 2: I have created a simple sample application to highlight the problem here

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• What is the best way to find a processed memory allocations in terms of C# objects

  - by Shantaram

  I have written various C# console based applications, some of them long running some not, which can over time have a large memory foot print. When looking at the windows perofrmance monitor via the task manager, the same question keeps cropping up in my mind; how do I get a break down of the number objects by type that are contributing to this footprint; and which of those are f-reachable and those which aren't and hence can be collected. On numerous occasions I've performed a code inspection to ensure that I am not unnecessarily holding on objects longer than required and disposing of objects with the using construct. I have also recently looked at employing the CG.Collect method when I have released a large number of objects (for example held in a collection which has just been cleared). However, I am not so sure that this made that much difference, so I threw that code away. I am guessing that there are tools in sysinternals suite than can help to resolve these memory type quiestions but I am not sure which and how to use them. The alternative would be to pay for a third party profiling tool such as JetBrains dotTrace; but I need to make sure that I've explored the free options first before going cap in hand to my manager.

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• How to compensate the flipped coordinate system of core graphics for easy drawing?

  - by mystify

  It's really a pain, but always when I draw an UIImage in -drawRect:, it's upside-down. When I flip the coordinates, the image draws correctly, but at the cost of all other CG functions drawing "wrong" (flipped). What's your strategy when you have to draw images and other things? Is there any rule of thumb how to not get stuck in this problem over and over again? Also, one nasty thing when I flip the y-axis is, that my CGRect from the UIImageView frame is wrong. Instead of the origin appearing at 10,10 upper left as expected, it appears at the bottom. But at the same time, all those normal line drawing functions of CGContext take correct coordinates. drawing a line in -drawRect with origin 10,10 upper left, will really start at upper left. But at the same time that's strange, because core graphics actually has a flipped coordinate system with y 0 at the bottom. So it seems like something is really inconsistent there. Drawing with CGContext functions takes coordinates as "expected" (cmon, nobody thinks in coordinates starting from bottom left, that's silly), while drawing any kind of image still works the "wrong" way. Do you use helper methods to draw images? Or is there anything useful that makes image drawing not a pain in the butt?

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• Python: need to get energies of charge pairs.

  - by Two786

  I am new to python. I have to make a program for a project that takes a PDB format file as input and returns a list of all the intra-chain and inter-chain charge pairs and their energies (using coulomb’s law assuming a dielectric constant of (?) of 40.0). For simplicity, the charged residues for this program are just Arg (CZ), Lys (NZ), Asp (CG) and Glu (CD) with the charge bearing atoms for each indicated in parentheses. The program should report any attractive or repulsive interactions within 8.0 Å. Here is some additional information needed for the program. Eij = energy of interaction between atoms i and j in kilocalories/mole (kcals/mol) qi = charge for atom i (+1 for Lys or Arg, -1 for Glu or Asp) rij = distance between atoms i and j in angstroms using the distance formula The output should adhere to the following format: First residue : Second residue Distance Energy Lys 10 Chain A: ASP 46 Chain A D= 4.76 ang E= -2.32 kcals/mol (For some reason I can't organize the top two rows, but the first row should be lables and below it the corresponding values.) I really have no idea how to tackle this problem, any and all help is greatly appreciated. I hope this is the right place to ask. Thank you in advance. Using python 2.5

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• Kernel upgrade CentOS 5.3 mount: could not find filesystem '/dev/root'

  - by matt

  We have a CentOS 5.3 x64 server that by default runs kernel version 2.6.18-164.11.1 and we are attempting to upgrade the box to 2.6.31.12 The drive is LVM +ext3, and the problem I'm having is when I upgrade the kernel and attempt to boot from it, no matter what version of the kernel I use, I get /dev/root not found towards the end of the boot process, and the kernel panics, and than reboots. I'm installing the kernel exactly as it says in this doc. I've tried it "The centOS way " using make rpm and than installing that. I've updated my mkinitrd. The most interesting part of this problem is that it has been so frustrating that I decided to try and clean install centos on an identical machine without LVM, and the result is EXACTLY the same. After upgrading the kernel, I get /dev/root not found. Does anyone know how to fix this, or what information would be relevant to remedy it? I'm open to try anything at this point. One more interesting thing about this problem is that in the new version of the kernel, during boot it complains that dm-mapper is started twice, than panics right after that. I've tried this with other kernel versions, and the result is the same. What am I missing here? If you need any more files, please just ask. Linux cg 2.6.18-164.11.1.el5 #1 SMP Wed Jan 20 07:32:21 EST 2010 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux /dev/VolGroup00/LogVol00 / ext3 defaults 1 1 LABEL=/boot /boot ext3 defaults 1 2 tmpfs /dev/shm tmpfs defaults 0 0 devpts /dev/pts devpts gid=5,mode=620 0 0 sysfs /sys sysfs defaults 0 0 proc /proc proc defaults 0 0 /dev/VolGroup00/LogVol01 swap swap defaults 0 0 default=1 timeout=5 splashimage=(hd0,0)/grub/splash.xpm.gz hiddenmenu title CentOS (2.6.31.12-rt20) //NOT WORKING!!!! root (hd0,0) kernel /vmlinuz-2.6.31.12-rt20 ro root=/dev/VolGroup00/LogVol00 isolcpus=8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15 panic=10 initrd /initrd-2.6.31.12-rt20.img title CentOS (2.6.18-164.11.1.el5) //WORKING!! root (hd0,0) kernel /vmlinuz-2.6.18-164.11.1.el5 ro root=/dev/VolGroup00/LogVol00 isolcpus=8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15 panic=10 initrd /initrd-2.6.18-164.11.1.el5.img

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• 2D metaball liquid effect - how to feed output of one rendering pass as input to another shader

  - by Guye Incognito

  I'm attempting to make a shader for unity3d web project. I want to implement something like in the great answer by DMGregory in this question. in order to achieve a final look something like this.. Its metaballs with specular and shading. The steps to make this shader are. 1. Convert the feathered blobs into a heightmap. 2. Generate a normalmap from the heightmap 3. Feed the normal map and height map into a standard unity shader, for instance transparent parallax specular. I pretty much have all the pieces I need assembled but I am new to shaders and need help putting them together I can generate a heightmap from the blobs using some fragment shader code I wrote (I'm just using the red channel here cus i dont know if you can access the brightness) half4 frag (v2f i) : COLOR{ half4 texcol,finalColor; texcol = tex2D (_MainTex, i.uv); finalColor=_MyColor; if(texcol.r<_botmcut) { finalColor.r= 0; } else if((texcol.r>_topcut)) { finalColor.r= 0; } else { float r = _topcut-_botmcut; float xpos = _topcut - texcol.r; finalColor.r= (_botmcut + sqrt((xpos*xpos)-(r*r)))/_constant; } return finalColor; } turns these blobs.. into this heightmap Also I've found some CG code that generates a normal map from a height map. The bit of code that makes the normal map from finite differences is here void surf (Input IN, inout SurfaceOutput o) { o.Albedo = fixed3(0.5); float3 normal = UnpackNormal(tex2D(_BumpMap, IN.uv_MainTex)); float me = tex2D(_HeightMap,IN.uv_MainTex).x; float n = tex2D(_HeightMap,float2(IN.uv_MainTex.x,IN.uv_MainTex.y+1.0/_HeightmapDimY)).x; float s = tex2D(_HeightMap,float2(IN.uv_MainTex.x,IN.uv_MainTex.y-1.0/_HeightmapDimY)).x; float e = tex2D(_HeightMap,float2(IN.uv_MainTex.x-1.0/_HeightmapDimX,IN.uv_MainTex.y)).x; float w = tex2D(_HeightMap,float2(IN.uv_MainTex.x+1.0/_HeightmapDimX,IN.uv_MainTex.y)).x; float3 norm = normal; float3 temp = norm; //a temporary vector that is not parallel to norm if(norm.x==1) temp.y+=0.5; else temp.x+=0.5; //form a basis with norm being one of the axes: float3 perp1 = normalize(cross(norm,temp)); float3 perp2 = normalize(cross(norm,perp1)); //use the basis to move the normal in its own space by the offset float3 normalOffset = -_HeightmapStrength * ( ( (n-me) - (s-me) ) * perp1 + ( ( e - me ) - ( w - me ) ) * perp2 ); norm += normalOffset; norm = normalize(norm); o.Normal = norm; } Also here is the built-in transparent parallax specular shader for unity. Shader "Transparent/Parallax Specular" { Properties { _Color ("Main Color", Color) = (1,1,1,1) _SpecColor ("Specular Color", Color) = (0.5, 0.5, 0.5, 0) _Shininess ("Shininess", Range (0.01, 1)) = 0.078125 _Parallax ("Height", Range (0.005, 0.08)) = 0.02 _MainTex ("Base (RGB) TransGloss (A)", 2D) = "white" {} _BumpMap ("Normalmap", 2D) = "bump" {} _ParallaxMap ("Heightmap (A)", 2D) = "black" {} } SubShader { Tags {"Queue"="Transparent" "IgnoreProjector"="True" "RenderType"="Transparent"} LOD 600 CGPROGRAM #pragma surface surf BlinnPhong alpha #pragma exclude_renderers flash sampler2D _MainTex; sampler2D _BumpMap; sampler2D _ParallaxMap; fixed4 _Color; half _Shininess; float _Parallax; struct Input { float2 uv_MainTex; float2 uv_BumpMap; float3 viewDir; }; void surf (Input IN, inout SurfaceOutput o) { half h = tex2D (_ParallaxMap, IN.uv_BumpMap).w; float2 offset = ParallaxOffset (h, _Parallax, IN.viewDir); IN.uv_MainTex += offset; IN.uv_BumpMap += offset; fixed4 tex = tex2D(_MainTex, IN.uv_MainTex); o.Albedo = tex.rgb * _Color.rgb; o.Gloss = tex.a; o.Alpha = tex.a * _Color.a; o.Specular = _Shininess; o.Normal = UnpackNormal(tex2D(_BumpMap, IN.uv_BumpMap)); } ENDCG } FallBack "Transparent/Bumped Specular" }

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• Running out of memory with UIImage creation on an offscreen Bitmap Context by NSOperation

  - by sigsegv

  I have an app with multiple UIView subclasses that acts as pages for a UIScrollView. UIViews are moved back and forth to provide a seamless experience to the user. Since the content of the views is rather slow to draw, it's rendered on a single shared CGBitmapContext guarded by locks by NSOperation subclasses - executed one at once in an NSOperationQueue - wrapped up in an UIImage and then used by the main thread to update the content of the views. -(void)main { NSAutoreleasePool * pool = [[NSAutoreleasePool alloc]init]; if([self isCancelled]) { return; } if(nil == data) { return; } // Buffer is the shared instance of a CG Bitmap Context wrapper class // data is a dictionary CGImageRef img = [buffer imageCreateWithData:data]; UIImage * image = [[UIImage alloc]initWithCGImage:img]; CGImageRelease(img); if([self isCancelled]) { [image release]; return; } NSDictionary * result = [[NSDictionary alloc]initWithObjectsAndKeys:image,@"image",id,@"id",nil]; // target is the instance of the UIView subclass that will use // the image [target performSelectorOnMainThread:@selector(updateContentWithData:) withObject:result waitUntilDone:NO]; [result release]; [image release]; [pool release]; } The updateContentWithData: of the UIView subclass performed on the main thread is just as simple -(void)updateContentWithData:(NSDictionary *)someData { NSDictionary * data = [someData retain]; if([[data valueForKey:@"id"]isEqualToString:[self pendingRequestId]]) { UIImage * image = [data valueForKey:@"image"]; [self setCurrentImage:image]; [self setNeedsDisplay]; } // If the image has not been retained, it should be released together // with the dictionary retaining it [data release]; } The drawLayer:inContext: method of the subclass will just get the CGImage from the UIImage and use it to update the backing layer or part of it. No retain or release is involved in the process. The problem is that after a while I run out of memory. The number of the UIViews is static. CGImageRef and UIImage are created, retained and released correctly (or so it seems to me). Instruments does not show any leaks, just the free memory available dip constantly, rise a few times, and then dip even lower until the application is terminated. The app cycles through about 2-300 of the aforementioned pages before that, but I would expect to have the memory usage reach a more or less stable level of used memory after a bunch of pages have been already skimmed at fast speed or, since the images are up to 3MB in size, deplete way earlier. Any suggestion will be greatly appreciated.

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• XSLT: Display unique rows of filtered XML recordset

  - by Chris G.

  I've got a recordset that I'm filtering on a particular field (i.e. Manager ="Frannklin"). Now I'd like to group the results of that filtered recordset based on another field (Client). I can't seem to get Muenchian grouping to work right. Any thoughts? TIA! CG My filter looks like this: <xsl:key name="k1" match="Row" use="@Manager"/> <xsl:param name="dvt_filterval">Frannklin</xsl:param> <xsl:variable name="Rows" select="/dsQueryResponse/Rows/Row" /> <xsl:variable name="FilteredRowsAttr" select="$Rows[normalize-space(@*[name()=$FieldNameNoAtSign])=$dvt_filterval ]" /> Templates <xsl:apply-templates select="$FilteredRowsAttr[generate-id() = generate-id(key('k1',@Manager))]" mode="g1000a"> </xsl:apply-templates> <xsl:template match="Row" mode="g1000a"> Client: <xsl:value-of select="@Client"/> </xsl:template> Results I'm getting Client: Beta Client: Beta Client: Beta Client: Gamma Client: Delta Results I want Client: Beta Client: Gamma Client: Delta Sample recordset <dsQueryResponse> <Rows> <Row Manager="Smith" Client="Alpha " Project_x0020_Name="Annapolis" PM_x0023_="00123" /> <Row Manager="Ford" Client="Alpha " Project_x0020_Name="Brown" PM_x0023_="00124" /> <Row Manager="Cronkite" Client="Beta " Project_x0020_Name="Gannon" PM_x0023_="00129" /> <Row Manager="Clinton, Bill" Client="Beta " Project_x0020_Name="Harvard" PM_x0023_="00130" /> <Row Manager="Frannklin" Client="Beta " Project_x0020_Name="Irving" PM_x0023_="00131" /> <Row Manager="Frannklin" Client="Beta " Project_x0020_Name="Jakarta" PM_x0023_="00132" /> <Row Manager="Frannklin" Client="Beta " Project_x0020_Name="Vassar" PM_x0023_="00135" /> <Row Manager="Jefferson" Client="Gamma " Project_x0020_Name="Stamford" PM_x0023_="00141" /> <Row Manager="Cronkite" Client="Gamma " Project_x0020_Name="Tufts" PM_x0023_="00142" /> <Row Manager="Frannklin" Client="Gamma " Project_x0020_Name="UCLA" PM_x0023_="00143" /> <Row Manager="Jefferson" Client="Gamma " Project_x0020_Name="Villanova" PM_x0023_="00144" /> <Row Manager="Carter" Client="Delta " Project_x0020_Name="Drexel" PM_x0023_="00150" /> <Row Manager="Clinton" Client="Delta " Project_x0020_Name="Iona" PM_x0023_="00151" /> <Row Manager="Frannklin" Client="Delta " Project_x0020_Name="Temple" PM_x0023_="00152" /> <Row Manager="Ford" Client="Epsilon " Project_x0020_Name="UNC" PM_x0023_="00157" /> <Row Manager="Clinton" Client="Epsilon " Project_x0020_Name="Berkley" PM_x0023_="00158" /> </Rows> </dsQueryResponse>

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