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• Backup those keys, citizen

  - by BuckWoody

  Periodically I back up the keys within my servers and databases, and when I do, I blog a reminder here. This should be part of your standard backup rotation – the keys should be backed up often enough to have at hand and again when they change. The first key you need to back up is the Service Master Key, which each Instance already has built-in. You do that with the BACKUP SERVICE MASTER KEY command, which you can read more about here. The second set of keys are the Database Master Keys, stored per database, if you’ve created one. You can back those up with the BACKUP MASTER KEY command, which you can read more about here. Finally, you can use the keys to create certificates and other keys – those should also be backed up. Read more about those here. Anyway, the important part here is the backup. Make sure you keep those keys safe! Share this post: email it! | bookmark it! | digg it! | reddit! | kick it! | live it!

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• Is there a canonical source supporting "all-surrogates"?

  - by user61852

  Background The "all-PK-must-be-surrogates" approach is not present in Codd's Relational Model or any SQL Standard (ANSI, ISO or other). Canonical books seems to elude this restrictions too. Oracle's own data dictionary scheme uses natural keys in some tables and surrogate keys in other tables. I mention this because these people must know a thing or two about RDBMS design. PPDM (Professional Petroleum Data Management Association) recommend the same canonical books do: Use surrogate keys as primary keys when: There are no natural or business keys Natural or business keys are bad ( change often ) The value of natural or business key is not known at the time of inserting record Multicolumn natural keys ( usually several FK ) exceed three columns, which makes joins too verbose. Also I have not found canonical source that says natural keys need to be immutable. All I find is that they need to be very estable, i.e need to be changed only in very rare ocassions, if ever. I mention PPDM because these people must know a thing or two about RDBMS design too. The origins of the "all-surrogates" approach seems to come from recommendations from some ORM frameworks. It's true that the approach allows for rapid database modeling by not having to do much business analysis, but at the expense of maintainability and readability of the SQL code. Much prevision is made for something that may or may not happen in the future ( the natural PK changed so we will have to use the RDBMS cascade update funtionality ) at the expense of day-to-day task like having to join more tables in every query and having to write code for importing data between databases, an otherwise very strightfoward procedure (due to the need to avoid PK colisions and having to create stage/equivalence tables beforehand ). Other argument is that indexes based on integers are faster, but that has to be supported with benchmarks. Obviously, long, varying varchars are not good for PK. But indexes based on short, fix-length varchar are almost as fast as integers. The questions - Is there any canonical source that supports the "all-PK-must-be-surrogates" approach ? - Has Codd's relational model been superceded by a newer relational model ?

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• RSA keys - virtual hosts

  - by Bosworth99

  Pardon my noobness, but I just got started with VPS (linux) hosting; setting up passwordless ssh for multiple users has proved to be kind of a pain. Currently I'm the single user of this ubuntu 10.04 LTS VPS (linode.com). I was able to establish a single rsa passkey under my home/user/.ssh/authorized_keys location. Fine. PuTTy works as expected, and Filezilla (sftp) links up as required. I've been working on a single site that this user owns, and thats not been a problem. Now, I want to set up some other sites, and I've chosen Webmin with the VirtualMin plugin to make this work. I made another user (or, rather, virtualmin did), but I've been unable to get FileZilla to link up to this new user. Could anyone with experience here explain what the setup is supposed to look like? IE - can I use a single rsa key pair for all accounts (if, for example, I give ownership of files to the original user?). Or is it standard practice to create a separate key pair for each user, and establish a separate putty/filezilla login for each? I've spent enough time dinking around with this to be frustrated. "Sever rejected the provided key" error sucks after the fifth hour. I'm about to set up an ftp server and call it a day. Any thoughts would be most welcome -

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• Trouble installing Server 12.10 - Dead keyboard, Blank Screen, Network Config

  - by Mikey

  Installing 12.10 server from cd - minimal installation: basic system, ssh server,postgreSQL, manual updates. Hardware is brand new HP server that also runs Win 2003 Server Standard as a DNC excellently - I installed the grub boot manager on the primary partition and it is working fine - can boot to Win or Ubuntu without issue. Everything seemed to go OK on the installation - BUT when I restarted the system after install and booted to Ubuntu, I got the command prompt for Ubuntu, but the keyboard was UNREPSONSIVE - dead. There is nothing wrong with the keyboard - works fine if I boot to Win. With a completely unrepsonsive keyboard I had to hit the power switch - when I restarted and booted to Ubuntu, Ubuntu started but no command prompt came up at all - just black screen. I powered down and rebooted to advanced Ubuntu options - it tried to reinstall/initliaze a long list of packages - when it got to 'waiting for network configuration' it waited, then a message 'waiting 60 seconds for network configuration'... it waited 60 seconds and then I got a 'failed to configure network message' and it continued. Finally it finished, I hit enter and got to a prompt - but again, keyboard UNREPSONSIVE - dead. I went through this several times - tried 'repairing broken installation' option and also reinstalling entirely - always same results. I am flummoxed. The only clue I have is that for the Windows DNC config, the IP address is static - not via DHCP. But I don't think that should impact Ubuntu at all - perhaps I am mistaken. What is wrong?

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• How do you hit modifier keys when touch typing?

  - by Bob Ueland

  I am a programmer and I want to learn to touch type. As all programmers know, using modifier keys like Control, Command and Alt are essential. When programming I think that every second or third word I use involves a modifier key. But most touch typing learning software do not address these keys, it is as if they do not exist. Not only do they not let you practice them, they do not even tell you which fingers to use to hit them. Actually there is a touch typing game that I use called StarTyper (http://lidenanna.com) that lets you practice modifier keys and even make up your own custom words containing modifier keys. But not even this game tells you which fingers to use when hitting the modifier keys. Has anybody addressed this problem. Or are there just homespun methods that work for one person but not for the other?

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• Foreign keys vs partitioning

  - by Industrial

  Hi! Since foreign keys are not supported by partitioned mySQL databases for the moment, I would like to hear some pro's and con's for a read-heavy application that will handle around 1-400 000 rows per table. Unfortunately, I dont have enough experience yet in this area to make the conclusion by myself... Thanks a lot! References: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/1537219/how-to-handle-foreign-key-while-partitioning http://stackoverflow.com/questions/2496140/mysql-partitioning-with-foreign-keys

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• Sort array by keys of another array.

  - by marbrun

  Hello There are 2 arrays, both with the same length and with the same keys: $a1 = [1=>2000,65=>1354,103=>1787]; $a2 = [1=>'hello',65=>'hi',103=>'goodevening']; asort($a1); The keys of a1 and a2 are id's from a database. a1 gets sorted by value. Once sorted, how can we use the same sorting order in a2? Thanks!

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• NSTableView navigate with arrow keys

  - by Matt S.

  How can I navigate through my table view with the arrow keys. Much like setAction: or setDoubleAction, but with the arrow keys.

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• what web based tool, to allow a non-technical user to manage authorized keys files on a Linux (fedora/centos/ubuntu/debian) server

  - by Tom H

  (Edit: clarification below) We have a number of groups of developers that change frequently, and a security policy to require individual logins to servers using rsa or dsa public keys, which is achieved via the standard method of adding id_dsa.pub to their authorized keys file. I am using chef to sync the user accounts across machines, however our previous method of using webmin to manage the user passwords is not designed for key based auth, and hence is not easy to use for non-technical users. The developers are logging in from the WAN using ssh, they can either provide their own key, or an administrator will send them a private key. The development machines are located in the cloud and we have a single server available to host the master set of accounts. Obviously I could deploy ldap or other centralised authentication system, but that seems a bit over blown when webmin worked well for the simple case. It is easy to achieve synchronised users, groups and passwords across a bunch of low security development boxes using webmin clustered users and groups. However looking at the currently installed webmin it is not so easy to create the authorized keys as it is to create user accounts and passwords. (its possible, but its not easy - some functionality is in the usermin module, or would required some tedious steps) Ideally I'd like a web interface that is pretty much dedicated to creating users and groups, and can generate key pairs on the fly, and can accepted pasted in public keys to add to the users authorized keys file. If the tool sync'ed the users and keys as well, that would be great, but I can use chef to do that part if the accounts are created correctly on the "master" server.

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• [Linq to SQL] Multiple foreign keys to the same table

  - by cdonner

  I have a reference table with all sorts of controlled value lookup data for gender, address type, contact type, etc. Many tables have multiple foreign keys to this reference table I also have many-to-many association tables that have two foreign keys to the same table. Unfortunately, when these tables are pulled into a Linq model and the DBML is generated, SQLMetal does not look at the names of the foreign key columns, or the names of the constraints, but only at the target table. So I end up with members called Reference1, Reference2, ... not very maintenance-friendly. Example: <Association Name="tb_reference_tb_account" Member="tb_reference" <====== ThisKey="shipping_preference_type_id" OtherKey="id" Type="tb_reference" IsForeignKey="true" /> <Association Name="tb_reference_tb_account1" Member="tb_reference1" <====== ThisKey="status_type_id" OtherKey="id" Type="tb_reference" IsForeignKey="true" /> I can go into the DBML and manually change the member names, of course, but this would mean I can no longer round-trip my database schema. This is not an option at the current stage of the model, which is still evolving. Splitting the reference table into n individual tables is also not desirable. I can probably write a script that runs against the XML after each generation and replaces the member name with something derived from ThisKey (since I adhere to a naming convention for these types of keys). Has anybody found a better solution to this problem?

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• send arrow keys using ganymed ssh java

  - by José Ramón Pérez Rubio

  I am using Ganymed ssh to connect to a remote machine and apart from sending commands I need to send the arrows keys (left and right keys). I can send commands but when I send the arrows keys nothing happends. This is what I have: public boolean createShell() throws Exception { try { // ... m_session= connection.openSession(); m_commandWriter = new OutputStreamWriter(m_session.getStdin()); String encoding=m_commandWriter.getEncoding(); //encoding is UFT8 m_errorPipe=new SSHSyncPipe(m_session.getStderr()); m_outputPipe=new SSHSyncPipe(m_session.getStdout()); m_outputPipe.start(); m_errorPipe.start(); // m_session.requestPTY("bash"); m_session.requestDumbPTY(); m_session.startShell(); m_shellCreated=true; return true; } } So if I use m_commandWriter.write(ls"\r\n"); m_commandWriter.flush(); It works, but m_commandWriter.write(37);//37 is the code for left arrow m_commandWriter.flush(); Doesn't work. Does anyone know what I am doing wrong? Thank you

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• @CodeStock 2012 Review: Jay Harris ( @jayharris ) - XCopy is Dead: .Net Deployment Strategies that Work

  XCopy is Dead: .Net Deployment Strategies that WorkSpeaker: Jay HarrisTwitter: @jayharrisBlog: www.cptloadtest.com This talk focused on new technologies built in to deployment packaging through Visual Studios 2010.  Jay showed various methodologies in deploying web sites, and focused on features specifically for Visual Studios 2010. He covered transforming config files based on environmental constraints, the creation of deployment packages, and deploying packages via command line or importing into IIS 7.

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• @CodeStock 2012 Review: Jay Harris ( @jayharris ) - XCopy is Dead: .Net Deployment Strategies that Work

  XCopy is Dead: .Net Deployment Strategies that WorkSpeaker: Jay HarrisTwitter: @jayharrisBlog: www.cptloadtest.com This talk focused on new technologies built in to deployment packaging through Visual Studios 2010.  Jay showed various methodologies in deploying web sites, and focused on features specifically for Visual Studios 2010. He covered transforming config files based on environmental constraints, the creation of deployment packages, and deploying packages via command line or importing into IIS 7.

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• Traditional POS is Dead

  - by David Dorf

  Traditional POS is dead -- I've heard that one before. Here's an excerpt from Joe Skorupa's blog over at RIS where he relayed ten trends that were presented at NRF. 7. Mobile POS signals death of traditional POS. Shoppers don't love self-checkout, but they prefer it to long queues or dealing with associates. Fixed POS is expensive and bulky. Mobile POS frees floor space for other purposes and converts associates from being cashiers to being sales assistants that provide new levels of customer service and incremental basket sales. In addition to unplugging the POS, new alternatives are starting to take hold - thin client, POS as a service, and replacing POS software with e-commerce platforms. I'll grant that in some situations for some retailers there might be an opportunity to to ditch the traditional POS, but for the majority of retailers that's just not practical. Take it from a guy that had to wake up at 3am after every Thanksgiving to monitor POS systems across the US on Black Friday. If a retailer's website goes down on Black Friday, they will take a significant hit. If a retailer's chain-wide POS system goes down on Black Friday, that retailer will cease to exist. Mobile POS works great for Apple because the majority of purchases are one or two big-ticket items that don't involve cash. There's still a traditional POS in every store to fall back on (its just hidden). Try this at home: Choose your favorite e-commerce site and add an item to the cart while timing how long it takes. Now multiply that by 15 to represent the 15 items you might buy at store like Target. The user interface isn't optimized for bulk purchases, and that's how it should be. The webstore and POS are designed for different purposes. Self-checkout is a great addition to POS and so is mobile checkout. But they add capabilities to POS, not replace it. Centralized architectures, even those based in the cloud, are quite viable as long as there's resiliency in the registers. You cannot assume perfect access to the network, so a POS must always be able to sell regardless of connectivity. Clearly the different selling channels should be sharing common functionality. Things like calculating tax, accepting coupons, and processing electronic payments can be shared, usually through a service-oriented architecture. This lowers costs and providers greater consistency, both of which help retailers. On paper these technologies look really good and we should continue to push boundaries, but I'm not ready to call the patient dead just yet.

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• The Linux Desktop isn't Dead, it's Pining

  <b>DaniWeb: </b>"I know it sounds crazy but the Linux Desktop isn't dead, it's just pining. It's pining for the correct platform--a tablet computer. And, I'm not referring to some cheap imitation tablet that will merely satisfy a few observers and nerdlets who use Linux. I'm thinking of a tablet computer for hardcore Linux moguls."

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• Foreign Keys and Primary Keys at the same time

  - by Bader

  hello , i am trying to create table (orderdetails) , the table has two FKs and PKs at the same keys here is my code create table OrderDetails2 ( PFOrder_ID Number(3) PFProduct_ID Number(3) CONSTRAINT PF PRIMARY KEY (PFOrder_ID,PFProduct_ID), CONSTRAINT FK_1 FOREIGN KEY (PFProudct_ID) REFERENCES Product(Product_ID), CONSTRAINT FK_2 FOREIGN KEY (PFOrder_ID) REFERENCES Orderr(Order_ID) ); i am using Oracle express , a problem pops when i run the code , here is it ORA-00907: missing right parenthesis what is the problem ?

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• How to re-enable function keys in byobu?

  - by Yang

  I was using byobu on Ubuntu 11.10 Server and I needed to hit a function key in an app, so I hit F9 to bring up the config menu and switched the keybinding set from "f-keys" to "screen-escape-keys". That worked, but now I can't re-enable all the f-keys. I found a program byobu-config that brings up the menu again, and I can switch back to screen keys from there. This fixes things for new screen processes, but the effect on the current screen session is weird: it disables the ctrl-a (screen) keys and restores F2-F8, but F9-F12 still don't do anything (they're just passed on to the foreground process). What's up with this? Any ideas? Thanks in advance.

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• Can't make the Multimedia keys work in LXDE

  - by Uri Herrera

  I've tried to edit the configuration file in ~/.config/openbox/lxde-rc.xml however the changes don't take effect, i still can't use the keys. The LXDE wiki shows that after finding that my keyboard sends the correct standardized keyboard events i should go and edit the file to my liking, the keyboard does send the correct events and the keys are properly identified yet nothing happens. Since LXDE doesn't come with a sound preferences option i have installed xfce4-mixer. I too have a netbook running Lubuntu and it's media keys are working fine, i don't know if what i installed has had something to do here?. I also installed xfce4-volumed volume keys daemon from synaptic but to no avail, still nothing. How can i make the multimedia keys of my keyboard work in LXDE with xfce4-mixer Edit: Here is my lxde-rc.xml file

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• How to specify which keys CapsLock affects?

  - by Seattle Jörg

  Using Maverick, I am not able to get the CapsLock behaviour I want: I would like it to affect essentially the alphabetical, numerical, and punctuation keys, i.e. all the keys that print something (as opposed to, say, the error keys), but only them. To illuminate this with an example: when writing code that uses % as the symbol for a comment, I want to be able to position the cursor at the start of a range of lines I want to comment out, then hit CapsLock, then iteratively hit the 5 key (using QWERTZ, Shift+5 gives %) and the arrow down key, so that I can quickly place a % at the start of the lines. Ubuntu in default configuration takes CapsLock literally, so that it affects only alphabetic keys. Under Preferences/Keyboard/Layout/Options I can make it act as a pressed Shift, but then the action of the arrow keys is to select text. All the other options available are equivalent to one of these two in my case. Is it possible to somehow get this behaviour? This is standard in Windows.

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• toshiba c800 Fn keys not working

  - by Nirjon Nj

  i am a new born baby in Ubuntu family. And i am really loving it. but i am having few issues which are rally annoying.Please help me to remain in this family. my Toshiba C800 laptop(12.04lts desktop) has special Fn keys as followed Fn+ F2-BRIGHTNESS DOWN F3-BRIGHTNESS UP F4-DISPLAY SELECT F5-TOUCH PAD on/off F6-PREVIOUS F7-PLAY/PAUSE F8-NEXT F9-VOLUME DOWN F10-VOLUME F11-MUTE F12-WiFi on/off now the problem is keys are working fine from F6 to F11(media player keys, i may say) but the keys from F2 to F5 and F12(setting change keys) are not working. please help me. i really liked ubuntu!!

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• Function keys and Hot are switched

  - by Brian

  I recently got a new laptop and installed 12.10 on it. I noticed right away that the "hot keys" on the F keys didn't always do what was pictured and also I noticed that the "hot keys" and the function keys were reversed. e.g. to close a window I have to hit alt-fn-F2 instead of just alt-F2. This is pretty annoying because I've been using the same keyboard shortcuts for years and I don't really want to have to re-learn them. I would also like to switch what the hot keys do, for example the F3 key is pictured as increase screen brightness but it really puts the computer to sleep. I would like to change this back to increase the brightness I looked in keyboard shortcuts settings but these options are not in there. I also downloaded gconf-editor but was unable to find where to change the shortcuts on it. (they weren't at apps \ metacity \ keybinding_commands like others described) any help would be greatly appreciated

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• Entity Framework and multi-tenancy database design

  - by Junto

  I am looking at multi-tenancy database schema design for an SaaS concept. It will be ASP.NET MVC - EF, but that isn't so important. Below you can see an example database schema (the Tenant being the Company). The CompanyId is replicated throughout the schema and the primary key has been placed on both the natural key, plus the tenant Id. Plugging this schema into the Entity Framework gives the following errors when I add the tables into the Entity Model file (Model1.edmx): The relationship 'FK_Order_Customer' uses the set of foreign keys '{CustomerId, CompanyId}' that are partially contained in the set of primary keys '{OrderId, CompanyId}' of the table 'Order'. The set of foreign keys must be fully contained in the set of primary keys, or fully not contained in the set of primary keys to be mapped to a model. The relationship 'FK_OrderLine_Customer' uses the set of foreign keys '{CustomerId, CompanyId}' that are partially contained in the set of primary keys '{OrderLineId, CompanyId}' of the table 'OrderLine'. The set of foreign keys must be fully contained in the set of primary keys, or fully not contained in the set of primary keys to be mapped to a model. The relationship 'FK_OrderLine_Order' uses the set of foreign keys '{OrderId, CompanyId}' that are partially contained in the set of primary keys '{OrderLineId, CompanyId}' of the table 'OrderLine'. The set of foreign keys must be fully contained in the set of primary keys, or fully not contained in the set of primary keys to be mapped to a model. The relationship 'FK_Order_Customer' uses the set of foreign keys '{CustomerId, CompanyId}' that are partially contained in the set of primary keys '{OrderId, CompanyId}' of the table 'Order'. The set of foreign keys must be fully contained in the set of primary keys, or fully not contained in the set of primary keys to be mapped to a model. The relationship 'FK_OrderLine_Customer' uses the set of foreign keys '{CustomerId, CompanyId}' that are partially contained in the set of primary keys '{OrderLineId, CompanyId}' of the table 'OrderLine'. The set of foreign keys must be fully contained in the set of primary keys, or fully not contained in the set of primary keys to be mapped to a model. The relationship 'FK_OrderLine_Order' uses the set of foreign keys '{OrderId, CompanyId}' that are partially contained in the set of primary keys '{OrderLineId, CompanyId}' of the table 'OrderLine'. The set of foreign keys must be fully contained in the set of primary keys, or fully not contained in the set of primary keys to be mapped to a model. The relationship 'FK_OrderLine_Product' uses the set of foreign keys '{ProductId, CompanyId}' that are partially contained in the set of primary keys '{OrderLineId, CompanyId}' of the table 'OrderLine'. The set of foreign keys must be fully contained in the set of primary keys, or fully not contained in the set of primary keys to be mapped to a model. The question is in two parts: Is my database design incorrect? Should I refrain from these compound primary keys? I'm questioning my sanity regarding the fundamental schema design (frazzled brain syndrome). Please feel free to suggest the 'idealized' schema. Alternatively, if the database design is correct, then is EF unable to match the keys because it perceives these foreign keys as a potential mis-configured 1:1 relationships (incorrectly)? In which case, is this an EF bug and how can I work around it?

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• Database Design Composite Keys

  - by guazz

  I am going to use a contrived example: one headquarter has one-or-many contacts. A contact can only belong to one headquarter. TableName = Headquarter Column 0 = Id : Guid [PK] Column 1 = Name : nvarchar(100) Column 2 = IsAnotherAttribute: bool TableName = ContactInformation Column 0 = Id : Guid [PK] Column 1 = HeadquarterId: Guid [FK] Column 2 = AddressLine1 COlumn 3 = AddressLine2 Column 4 = AddressLine3 I would like some help setting the table primary keys and foreign keys here? How does the above look? Should I use a composite key for ContactInformation on [Column 0 and Column1]? Is it ok to use surrogate key all of the time?

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• Foreign keys in MySQL?

  - by icco

  I have been slowly learning SQL the last few weeks. I've picked up all of the relational algebra and the basics of how relational databases work. What I'm trying to do now is learn how it's implemented. A stumbling block I've come across in this, is foreign keys in MySQL. I can't seem to find much about the other than that they exist in the InnoDB storage schema that MySQL has. What is a simple example of foreign keys implemented in MySQL? Here's part of a schema I wrote that doesn't seem to be working if you would rather point out my flaw than show me a working example. CREATE TABLE `posts` ( `pID` bigint(20) NOT NULL auto_increment, `content` text NOT NULL, `time` timestamp NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP, `uID` bigint(20) NOT NULL, `wikiptr` bigint(20) default NULL, `cID` bigint(20) NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`pID`), Foreign Key(`cID`) references categories, Foreign Key(`uID`) references users ) ENGINE=InnoDB;

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• How to change Arrow Keys Behavior?

  - by SO give me back my rep

  Hi, I am doing a cool menu (sorta XMB) to give a fresh touch to my app... I add all of the elements on the menu programatically via DB. the menu is designed for easy use with arrows keys but I have encountered a major problem!!! by default when I press the arrow keys they only change the focus based on the tabindex and what I need is to change focus based on position of the controls not on their tabindex hope it is clear... see pic!!! so, Is there any way to do this?

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