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• selective backup script in bash

  - by Sake

  Hi, I've been using this simple command (that's all I can do :) to backup the whole tree from my user data in NAS server for a year. cp -r /STORAGE /BACKUP-STORAGE/YYYY-MM-DD Unfortunately, after a year of service. My user start filling the spaces with lot of photo and cliparts (jpg, gif, bmp) And that start to make my backup process get much slower. The space is also a big issue. Now I no longer have enough space for a week-long daily backup set. I think I want to change from backup everything to backup only non-image data. How can I exclude jpg, gif, and bmp from the backup ? It's quite easy with DOS XCOPY command, but I really have no idea how to do that in bash. Thanks

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• The script not working as expected files dump path

  - by user3319390

  I have a script needs to be dump matching cname from my file contains and then matching scode to dump file to $cname/$year/$month/$day/ into files like access and error logs #!/bin/sh #base_dir="/home/vizion/Desktop" path="/home/vizion/Desktop/adn_DF9D_20140515_0005.log" name=$(basename "$path" ".log") for x in *.log; do year=${x:9:4}; month=${x:13:2}; day=${x:15:2}; done while read -r line do cname=$(echo ${line} | awk '{split($7,c,"/"); print c[3]}') scode=$(echo ${line} | awk -F"[ ]" '{print $9}') [[ ! -d "$cname/$year/$month/$day" ]] && mkdir -p "$cname/$year/$month/$day/" [[ ( ${scode} -ge 200 ) && ( ${scode} -le 399 ) ]] && { # [[ ! -d "$cname/$year/$month/$day" ]] && mkdir -p "$cname/$year/$month/$day/" echo ${line} >> /home/vizion/Desktop/$cname/$year/$month/$day/${cname}_${name}_access.log } [[ ( ${scode} -ge 400 ) && ( ${scode} -le 599 ) ]] && { [[ ! -d "$cname/$year/$month/$day" ]] && mkdir -p "$cname/$year/$month/$day" echo ${line} >> ${cname}_${name}_error.log } done < $path i am able to filter logs but not not dumping the exact location It's going other locations suggest to me correction in script

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• SHELL OR PERL QUESTION

  - by user150674

  I have a very large file, named 'ColCheckMe', tab-delimited, that you are asked to process. You are told that each line in 'ColCheckMe' has 7 columns, and that the values in the 5th column are integers. Using shell functions indicate how you would verify that these conditions were satisfied in 'ColCheckMe' K got this... nawk ‘ NF != 7 { Printf(“[%d] has invalid [%d] number of fileds\n”, FNR, NF) } $5 !~ /^[0-9]+$/ { Printf(“[%d] 5th field is invalid [%s]\n”, FNR, $5) }’ ColCheckMe Now, 2. In with the similar file, you are told that each value in column 1 is unique. How would I verify that? Also write a shell function that counts the number of occurrences of the word “SpecStr” in the file 'ColCheckMe' Any one can help in SHELL or everything including the first in PERL Scripting.

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• how to do this in shell

  - by user150674

  I have a very large file, named 'ColCheckMe', tab-delimited, that you are asked to process. You are told that each line in 'ColCheckMe' has 7 columns, and that the values in the 5th column are integers. Using shell functions indicate how you would verify that these conditions are satisfied in 'ColCheckMe' if In the same file, each value in column 1 is unique. How would I verify that? Also how to write a shell function that counts the number of occurrences of the word “SpecStr” in the file 'ColCheckMe' I tried the first part which checks for the valid number of field and checks the 5th field being integer field. nawk ' NF != 7 { printf("[%d] has invalid [%d] number of fields\n", FNR, NF) } $5 !~ /^[0-9]+$/ { printf("[%d] 5th field is invalid [%s]\n", FNR, $5) }' ColCheckMe now i wanna verify in the same file if the value in column 1 is unique. Also is there a way to write a shell function to count the occurrences of the world "SpecStr" in the file 'ColCheckMe' Thanks a lot

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• I've changed default shell but my terminal don't get it

  - by om-nom-nom

  Recently I've changed my default shell from bash to zsh like this: chsh -s /bin/zsh myname But when I invoke a new terminal (e.g. using ctrl+alt+T) I still have bash loaded: myname@machine:~$ cat /etc/passwd | grep myname myname:x:1000:1000:myname,,,:/home/myname:/bin/zsh myname@machine:~$ echo $SHELL /bin/bash zsh is installed and can be explicitly runned with zsh command. How to deal with that?

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• Gnome Shell Blank edge until restart?

  - by jtaillon

  Since I installed Gnome Shell (which I much prefer over Unity), there has been a small annoyance appearing on the right side of my screen. As you can see in the picture below, there is a blank few pixels on the right side of the screen. It goes away if I reload gnome-shell ("r" command), but obviously, I'd prefer that this is not necessary. I'm not sure what exactly is causing this, but was hoping someone might be able to help. I'm running Ubuntu 11.10 on a Lenovo Thinkpad Edge E420s

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• execute a shell script when USB is connected

  - by Null pointer

  I am working on an application which deals with all kinds of USB storage devices(such as taking backup, updating DataLogFile etc) My problem is : I want to write a shell script which is stored in this USB drive(As usb is at center of my project so USB is going to be same but PC's will change) AND this script should be executed as soon as the USB drive is connected to my Linux system.I will not need any kind of "root" or "sudo" permissions for other tasks which I am going to do in this shell script.

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• shell scripting arithmetic operations

  - by benjamin button

  in general i will use expr inside shell scripts for doing arithmetic operations. is there a way where we can come up with arithmetic operation in a shell script without using expr?

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• Erlang, SSH and authorized_keys

  - by Roberto Aloi

  Playing with the ssh and public_key application in Erlang, I've discovered a nice feature. I was trying to connect to my running Erlang SSH daemon by using a rsa key, but the authentication was failing and I was prompted for a password. After some debugging and tracing (and a couple of coffees), I've realized that, for some weird reason, a non valid key for my user was there. The authorized_keys file contained two keys. The wrong one was at some point in the file, while the correct one was appended at the end of the file. Now, the Erlang SSH application, when diffing the provided key with the ones contained in the authorized_keys, it was finding the first entry (completely ignoring the second on - the correct one). Then, it was switching to different authentication mechanism (at first it was trying dsa instead of rsa and then it was prompting for a password). The question is: Is this behavior intended or should the SSH server check for multiple entries for the same user in the *authorized_keys* file? Is this a generic SSH behaviour or it's just specific to the Erlang implementation?

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• Automatically restarting Erlang applications

  - by Nick

  I recently ran into a bug where an entire Erlang application died, yielding a log message that looked like this: =INFO REPORT==== 11-Jun-2010::11:07:25 === application: myapp exited: shutdown type: temporary I have no idea what triggered this shutdown, but the real problem I have is that it didn't restart itself. Instead, the now-empty Erlang VM just sat there doing nothing. Now, from the research I've done, it looks like there are other "start types" you can give an application: 'transient' and 'permanent'. If I start a Supervisor within an application, I can tell it to make a particular process transient or permanent, and it will automatically restart it for me. However, according to the documentation, if I make an application transient or permanent, it doesn't restart it when it dies, but rather it kills all the other applications as well. What I really want to do is somehow tell the Erlang VM that a particular application should always be running, and if it goes down, restart it. Is this possible to do? (I'm not talking about implementing a supervisor on top of my application, because then it's a catch 22: what if my supervisor process crashes? I'm looking for some sort of API or setting that I can use to have Erlang monitor and restart my application for me.) Thanks!

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• How can I write simulations in Erlang?

  - by rick

  Hi guys, I want to do some numerical stuff in Erlang like this: You've got an array with the following values: [2,3,4] In each iteration, you calculate 0.1 * [n-1] + 0.7 *[n] + 0.2 * [n+1] This becomes the new [n]. If n == 0 then [n-1] = 0. If [n] == length of array then [n] = 0. So I try an example: [2,3,4] calculations: 0.1 * 0 + 0.7 * 2 + 0.2 * 3 = 2 0.1 * 2 + 0.7 * 3 + 0.2 * 4 = 3.1 0.1 * 3 + 0.7 * 4 + 0.2 * 0 = 3.1 So [2,3,4] becomes to [2, 3.1, 3.1] after one iteration. I know how to write this in a non-functional language like C. But I have difficulties to imagine, how this could be done in Erlang. I found some tutorials on how you read a file to a list. So this is not the problem. How can I spawn different Erlang processes that each process has one element of the list? How can I do calculations by communicating with 'the neighbors', so that the neighbors know where their neigbors are generically, without specifying each? How can I collect the data into a list? Eventually, is it possible to solve that problem in Erlang at all? Thanks for your help.

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• Erlang Supervisor Strategy For Restarting Connections to Downed Hosts

  - by derdewey

  I'm using erlang as a bridge between services and I was wondering what advice people had for handling downed connections? I'm taking input from local files and piping them out to AMQP and it's conceivable that the AMQP broker could go down. For that case I would want to keep retrying to connect to the AMQP server but I don't want to peg the CPU with those connections attempts. My inclination is to put a sleep into the reboot of the AMQP code. Wouldn't that 'hack' essentially circumvent the purpose of failing quickly and letting erlang handle it? More generally, should the erlang supervisor behavior be used for handling downed connections?

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• Creating an AST node in Erlang

  - by dagda1

  Hi, I am playing about with Erlang and I am trying to write a simple arithmetic parser. I want to try and parse the following expression: ((12+3)-4) I want to parse the expression into a stack of AST nodes. When parsing this expression, I would first of all create a binary expression for the (12+3) expression which would look something like this in C#: var binaryStructure = new BinaryStructure(); binaryStructure.Left = IntegerLiteralExpression(12); binaryStructure.Right = IntegerLiteralExpression(4); binaryStructure.Operator = binaryExpression.Operator != BinaryOperatorType.Addition; I am quite new to Erlang and I am wondering how I would go about creating a structure like this in Erlang that I can place on a List that I would use as the stack of expressions. Can anyone suggest how to create such a tree like structure? Would a function be a good fit? Thanks Paul

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• Ridiculously Simple Erlang Question

  - by Aiden Bell

  Read (skimmed enough to get coding) through Erlang Programming and Programming Erlang. One question, which is as simple as it sounds: If you have a process Pid1 on machine m1 and a billion million messages are sent to Pid1, are messages handled in parallel by that process (I get the impression no) and is there any guarantee of order when processing messages? ie. Received in order sent? Coming from the whole C/Thread pools/Shared State background ... I want to get this concrete. I understand distributing an application, but want to ensure the 'raw bones' are what I expect before building processes and distributing workload. Also, am I right in thinking the whole world is currently flicking through Erlang texts ;)

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• Can anyone recommend a primer to Erlang?

  - by Till

  I've recently found myself getting more and more interested in Erlang. I've purchased a book (Programming in Erlang) and started reading up on the basics. Reading books is time consuming so I am looking to shortcut this a bit and go back to the book later. What I lack is a good introductory tutorial. Kind of like, hands on, this is what you need to get started in Erlang, these are best practices, this is how you organize code and this is how you do a small project. I've googled this topic extensively and haven't had much luck. ;)

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• how much concurrent http request can erlang handle

  - by user209123

  I am developing a application for benchmarking purposes, for which I require to create large number of http connection in a short time, I created a program in java to test how much threads is java able to create, it turns out in my 2GB single core machine, the limit is variable between 5000 and 6000 with 1 GB of memory given to JVM after which it hits outofmemoryerror with heap limit reached. It is suggested around that erlang will be able to generate much more concurrent processes, I am willing to learn erlang if it is capable of solving the problem , although I am interested in knowing can erlang be able to say generate somewhere around 100000 processes which are essentially http requests waiting for responses, in a matter of few seconds without reaching any limit like memory error etc.,

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• what good orm api will work well with scala or erlang

  - by Emotu Balogun

  I'm considering taking up scala programming but i'm really concerned about what will become of my ORM based applications. I currently use hibernate as my ORM and i find it a really reliable tool. I'd like to know if there's any ORM tool as efficient but written in scala, or will hibernate work seamlessly with it. i don't want to have to start writing endless sql queries again (like the days of JDBC). I also have the same thought about erlang. is there a good orm out there for erlang?? and can i use erlang with other DBMS like oracle and mysql with ORM

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• Erlang Question - Time order of messages

  - by Aiden Bell

  Read (skimmed enough to get coding) through Erlang Programming and Programming Erlang. One question, which is as simple as it sounds: If you have a process Pid1 on machine m1 and a billion million messages are sent to Pid1, are messages handled in parallel by that process (I get the impression no) and(answered below) is there any guarantee of order when processing messages? ie. Received in order sent? If so, how is clock skew handled in high traffic situations for ordering? Coming from the whole C/Thread pools/Shared State background ... I want to get this concrete. I understand distributing an application, but want to ensure the 'raw bones' are what I expect before building processes and distributing workload. Also, am I right in thinking the whole world is currently flicking through Erlang texts ;)

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• Erlang: configuring cover via rebar

  - by exterm

  My project is using a websocket server. Only for testing purposes, I also have an erlang websocket client implementation which resides in the test/ folder along with the tests. Now, when I run the tests via rebar with {cover_enabled, true} in my rebar.config, I also get coverage reported for the modules of the websocket client. I don't want this in my reports. Cover documentation says I should create a cover specification file containing {excl_mods, [websocket_client]}. But how do I convince rebar to use this file? Cover documentation: http://www.erlang.org/doc/apps/common_test/cover_chapter.html http://www.erlang.org/doc/man/cover.html rebar: https://github.com/basho/rebar

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• Shell Script Sequencing with Rake

  - by Haseeb Khan

  Hi All, I am working on a rake utility and want to implement something mentioned below: There are some shell commands in a sequence in my Rake file. What I want is that the sequence should wait for the previous command to finish processing before it moves to the next one. sh "git commit -m \"#{args.commit_message}\"" do |ok, res| # Do some processing end sh "git push heroku master" So, in the above example what I want is that sh "git push heroku master" shouldn't be executed until the processing in the sh "git commit -m \"#{args.commit_message}\"" do |ok, res| # Do some processing end is completed. Also another nice to have would be that if I can store the output of the shell command in a Ruby variable so it can be used in further manipulation if required. Looking forward to a reply from the fellow community member shortly. Thanks in advance.

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• Automatic exit from bash shell script on error

  - by radman

  Hi, I've been writing some shell script and I would find it useful if there was the ability to halt the execution of said shell script if any of the commands failed. See below for an example: #!/bin/bash cd some_dir ./configure --some-flags make make install So in this case if the script can't change to the indicated directory then it would certainly not want to do a ./configure afterward it fails. Now I'm well aware that I could have an if check for each command (which I think is a hopeless solution), but is there a global setting to make the script exit if one of the commands fails?

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• How to check if a directory exists in a bash shell script

  - by Grundlefleck

  What command can be used to check if a directory does or does not exist, within a bash shell script?

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• shell script to set time and date on ubuntu

  - by glapo

  my desktop CMOS battery is not working, therefore I have to set time and date each time my computer starts up. I want to create a shell script to automate the setting of date and time on my computer after each boot is complete. options that exist include: 1. buying a CMOS battery :- am considering this, but for the meantime a shell script will do. 2. using NTP to synchronize time and date with internet servers :- am not connected to the internet.

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• Awesome-WM inside gnome-shell -> Get rid of top bar

  - by joe8

  I am using awesome-wm now, and was trying to get it working with gnome-shell. I have basically followed those steps: http://awesome.naquadah.org/wiki/Quickly_Setting_up_Awesome_with_Gnome#Ubuntu_11.10 But now I have two bars, one at the bottom and one at the top. Is there any way to get rid of one of those (preferring top bar). If that is not possible, is there a way to load the gnome-shell widgets in the top bar? Now it's only displaying the time. screen: Thanks ;)

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• How do I fix gnome shell themes?

  - by Chris

  This is my fifth full format and install of Ubuntu in under a month. I finally have my Gnome 3 desktop working again, but again, the Gnome shell themes is not select-able. I have asked the question of how to fix this common issue before, but I have seen no positive resolution. Does anybody know of a simple fix? This is a common issue and I have seen hundreds of postings related to it, but other users only seem to get half-way answers also and it goes unresolved. Would it be advisable to completely purge Gnome desktop and reinstall? If so how would I do this? I cannot use any extensions if the shell is not working, so I am desperately seeking resolution for the issue. Thanks in advance.

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