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  • How to grant permissions to single SELECT/UPDATE statment (sql server) ?

    - by Albert
    I have a problem when trying to execute this update statement (below) using C# SqlCommand when I execute it locally it works fine, but when deployed to another machine I got a permission error The SELECT permission was denied on the object Order ... The UPDATE permission was denied on the object Order ... Update Statement "UPDATE Order SET Request = @request WHERE Id = @ID"; Is there any way to add GRANT SELECT and GRANT UPDATE to a single statement like the update above without using a stored procedure? or the SP is the way to go on this? Thanks in advance

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  • Why can't I grant exec on dbms_lock.sleep() OR create a procedure using it (but I can run it fine on its own)

    - by Richard Green
    I am trying to write a small bit of PL/SQL that has a non-CPU burning sleep in it. The following works in sqldeveloper begin dbms_lock.sleep(5); end; BUT (as the same user), I can't do the following: create or replace procedure sleep(seconds in number) is begin dbms_lock.sleep(seconds); end; without the error "identifer "DBMS_LOCK" must be declared... Funny as I could run it without a procedure. Just as strange, when I log in as a DBA, I can run the command grant exec on dbms_lock to public; and I get ERROR at line 1: ORA-00990: missing or invalid privilege This is oracle version "Oracle Database 11g Express Edition Release 11.2.0.2.0 - 64bit Production"

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  • How to grant secure access to an untrusted developer to an exisiting virtual host?

    - by Margaret Thorpe
    Our security policy does not permit ftpd on our servers. Our trusted developers use ftps to access our webservers and they have full access to the server. How do we grant limited access to a single untrusted developer for an existing virtual host. Ive configured rssh to only allow sftp to our untrusted developer, but we dont want him browsing around our other sites. I've investigated chroot, but it seems overly complex and more for restricting access to their home folders. I want to limit access to /srv/www/vhostx/ and below. Whats the best solution?

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  • Utility to grant admin rights to a user in Windows XP for few hours/days?

    - by user15660
    Hi, I have two accounts on my windows xp home desktop. The default regular user is used for everything and the 2nd user which has admin rights is used only for installations. I do this to avoid malware infestations during web browsing and limited user account is guarding against online threats to a good extend but many programs refuse to run under limited rights like revo uninstaller. many installs i run from limited user by selectin "run as" from right click context menu of the .exe file. but some apps need admin rights for certain. I use "switch user" to go to admin mode and do the install/uninstall. but the admin user has none of my preferences bookmarks setup nor has my locate32 indexing done and ready for fast search Is there a utility which I can use "run as" login in administration login and use that to grant my limited user admin rights for a limited amount of period like few hours or days? Please help. I guess MS might have closed many doors of it for fear of exploitation of the API. are there any?

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  • Utility to grant admin rights to a user in Windows XP for few hours/days?

    - by user15660
    I have two accounts on my windows xp home desktop. The default regular user is used for everything and the 2nd user which has admin rights is used only for installations. I do this to avoid malware infestations during web browsing and limited user account is guarding against online threats to a good extend but many programs refuse to run under limited rights like revo uninstaller. many installs i run from limited user by selectin "run as" from right click context menu of the .exe file. but some apps need admin rights for certain. I use "switch user" to go to admin mode and do the install/uninstall. but the admin user has none of my preferences bookmarks setup nor has my locate32 indexing done and ready for fast search Is there a utility which I can use "run as" login in administration login and use that to grant my limited user admin rights for a limited amount of period like few hours or days? Please help. I guess MS might have closed many doors of it for fear of exploitation of the API. are there any?

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  • In Windows 7 Home Premium, is it possible to grant a user account the "log on as a service" right and if so, how?

    - by Ryan Johnson
    The title says it all. I need to have the ability for a local user account to log on as a service on a computer running Windows 7 Home Premium. In Windows 7 Ultimate, this is accomplished by going to Control Panel - Administrative Tools - Local Security Policy and adding the user to the "Log on as a service" policy. In Home Premium, there is no Local Security Policy in the Control Panel. Is there another way to add the use to that policy (i.e. registry setting) or is my only recourse to upgrade the computer to Windows 7 Professional? Thanks in Advance, Ryan

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  • How to Grant IIS 7.5 access to a certificate in certificate store?

    - by thames
    In Windows 2003 it was simple to do and one could use the winhttpcertcfg.exe (download) to give "NETWORK SERVICE" account access to a certificate. I'm now using Windows Server 2008 R2 with IIS 7.5 and I am unable to find where and how to set permissions access permissions to a certificate in the certificate store. This Post showed how to do it in Vista and that winhttpcertcfg features were added into the certificates mmc however it doesn't seem to work with imported certificates or doesn't work anymore on Server 2008 R2. So does anyone have any idea on how give IIS 7.5 the correct permissions to read a certificate from the certificate store? And also what account from IIS 7.5 that needs the permission.

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  • How to grant read/write to specific user in any existent or future subdirectory of a given directory? [migrated]

    - by Samuel Rossille
    I'm a complete newbie in system administration and I'm doing this as a hobby. I host my own git repository on a VPS. Let's say my user is john. I'm using the ssh protocol to access my git repository, so my url is something like ssh://[email protected]/path/to/git/myrepo/. Root is the owner of everything that's under /path/to/git I'm attempting to give read/write access to john to everything which is under /path/to/git/myrepo I've tried both chmod and setfacl to control access, but both fail the same way: they apply rights recursively (with the right options) to all the current existing subdirectories of /path/to/git/myrepo, but as soon as a new directory is created, my user can not write in the new directory. I know that there are hooks in git that would allow me to reapply the rights after each commit, but I'm starting to think that i'm going the wrong way because this seems too complicated for a very basic purpose. Q: How should I setup my right to give rw access to john to anything under /path/to/git/myrepo and make it resilient to tree structure change ? Q2: If I should take a step back change the general approach, please tell me.

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  • How to change mount to grant user write permissions?

    - by nals
    I am on TomatoUSB, and using the feature to have a NAS. The only way I can write to the Samba share is if I force root: [global] interfaces = 127.0.0.1, 192.168.1.1/24 bind interfaces only = no workgroup = WORKGROUP netbios name = TOMATO security = share wins support = yes name resolve order = wins lmhosts hosts bcast guest account = nobody [Public] path = /mnt/sda2 read only = no public = yes only guest = yes guest ok = yes browseable = yes comment = Network share force user = root writeable = yes I dont really like the idea having to use root to allow write access to my share. I have a samba account created already named nobody to allow access to the share. However every time I try to write I get access denied error. fstab: /dev/sda2 /mnt/sda2 vfat defaults 0 0 Further more every time I try to chmod 777 /tmp/mnt/sda2 the permissions are not changed, and no error is produced. They stay 755. drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Jun 4 01:49 sda2 Basically; how can I give the user nobody write permissions to my mount? dev name: /dev/sda2 dev mount: /tmp/mnt/sda2

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  • Resolving "PLS-00201: identifier 'DBMS_SYSTEM.XXXX' must be declared" Error

    - by Giri Mandalika
    Here is a failure sample. SQL set serveroutput on SQL alter package APPS.FND_TRACE compile body; Warning: Package Body altered with compilation errors. SQL show errors Errors for PACKAGE BODY APPS.FND_TRACE: LINE/COL ERROR -------- ----------------------------------------------------------------- 235/6 PL/SQL: Statement ignored 235/6 PLS-00201: identifier 'DBMS_SYSTEM.SET_EV' must be declared .. By default, DBMS_SYSTEM package is accessible only from SYS schema. Also there is no public synonym created for this package. So, the solution is to create the public synonym and grant "execute" privilege on DBMS_SYSTEM package to all database users or a specific user. eg., SQL CREATE PUBLIC SYNONYM dbms_system FOR dbms_system; Synonym created. SQL GRANT EXECUTE ON dbms_system TO APPS; Grant succeeded. - OR - SQL GRANT EXECUTE ON dbms_system TO PUBLIC; Grant succeeded. SQL alter package APPS.FND_TRACE compile body; Package body altered. Note that merely granting execute privilege is not enough -- creating the public synonym is as important to resolve this issue.

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  • Advanced TSQL Tuning: Why Internals Knowledge Matters

    - by Paul White
    There is much more to query tuning than reducing logical reads and adding covering nonclustered indexes.  Query tuning is not complete as soon as the query returns results quickly in the development or test environments.  In production, your query will compete for memory, CPU, locks, I/O and other resources on the server.  Today’s entry looks at some tuning considerations that are often overlooked, and shows how deep internals knowledge can help you write better TSQL. As always, we’ll need some example data.  In fact, we are going to use three tables today, each of which is structured like this: Each table has 50,000 rows made up of an INTEGER id column and a padding column containing 3,999 characters in every row.  The only difference between the three tables is in the type of the padding column: the first table uses CHAR(3999), the second uses VARCHAR(MAX), and the third uses the deprecated TEXT type.  A script to create a database with the three tables and load the sample data follows: USE master; GO IF DB_ID('SortTest') IS NOT NULL DROP DATABASE SortTest; GO CREATE DATABASE SortTest COLLATE LATIN1_GENERAL_BIN; GO ALTER DATABASE SortTest MODIFY FILE ( NAME = 'SortTest', SIZE = 3GB, MAXSIZE = 3GB ); GO ALTER DATABASE SortTest MODIFY FILE ( NAME = 'SortTest_log', SIZE = 256MB, MAXSIZE = 1GB, FILEGROWTH = 128MB ); GO ALTER DATABASE SortTest SET ALLOW_SNAPSHOT_ISOLATION OFF ; ALTER DATABASE SortTest SET AUTO_CLOSE OFF ; ALTER DATABASE SortTest SET AUTO_CREATE_STATISTICS ON ; ALTER DATABASE SortTest SET AUTO_SHRINK OFF ; ALTER DATABASE SortTest SET AUTO_UPDATE_STATISTICS ON ; ALTER DATABASE SortTest SET AUTO_UPDATE_STATISTICS_ASYNC ON ; ALTER DATABASE SortTest SET PARAMETERIZATION SIMPLE ; ALTER DATABASE SortTest SET READ_COMMITTED_SNAPSHOT OFF ; ALTER DATABASE SortTest SET MULTI_USER ; ALTER DATABASE SortTest SET RECOVERY SIMPLE ; USE SortTest; GO CREATE TABLE dbo.TestCHAR ( id INTEGER IDENTITY (1,1) NOT NULL, padding CHAR(3999) NOT NULL,   CONSTRAINT [PK dbo.TestCHAR (id)] PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED (id), ) ; CREATE TABLE dbo.TestMAX ( id INTEGER IDENTITY (1,1) NOT NULL, padding VARCHAR(MAX) NOT NULL,   CONSTRAINT [PK dbo.TestMAX (id)] PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED (id), ) ; CREATE TABLE dbo.TestTEXT ( id INTEGER IDENTITY (1,1) NOT NULL, padding TEXT NOT NULL,   CONSTRAINT [PK dbo.TestTEXT (id)] PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED (id), ) ; -- ============= -- Load TestCHAR (about 3s) -- ============= INSERT INTO dbo.TestCHAR WITH (TABLOCKX) ( padding ) SELECT padding = REPLICATE(CHAR(65 + (Data.n % 26)), 3999) FROM ( SELECT TOP (50000) n = ROW_NUMBER() OVER (ORDER BY (SELECT 0)) - 1 FROM master.sys.columns C1, master.sys.columns C2, master.sys.columns C3 ORDER BY n ASC ) AS Data ORDER BY Data.n ASC ; -- ============ -- Load TestMAX (about 3s) -- ============ INSERT INTO dbo.TestMAX WITH (TABLOCKX) ( padding ) SELECT CONVERT(VARCHAR(MAX), padding) FROM dbo.TestCHAR ORDER BY id ; -- ============= -- Load TestTEXT (about 5s) -- ============= INSERT INTO dbo.TestTEXT WITH (TABLOCKX) ( padding ) SELECT CONVERT(TEXT, padding) FROM dbo.TestCHAR ORDER BY id ; -- ========== -- Space used -- ========== -- EXECUTE sys.sp_spaceused @objname = 'dbo.TestCHAR'; EXECUTE sys.sp_spaceused @objname = 'dbo.TestMAX'; EXECUTE sys.sp_spaceused @objname = 'dbo.TestTEXT'; ; CHECKPOINT ; That takes around 15 seconds to run, and shows the space allocated to each table in its output: To illustrate the points I want to make today, the example task we are going to set ourselves is to return a random set of 150 rows from each table.  The basic shape of the test query is the same for each of the three test tables: SELECT TOP (150) T.id, T.padding FROM dbo.Test AS T ORDER BY NEWID() OPTION (MAXDOP 1) ; Test 1 – CHAR(3999) Running the template query shown above using the TestCHAR table as the target, we find that the query takes around 5 seconds to return its results.  This seems slow, considering that the table only has 50,000 rows.  Working on the assumption that generating a GUID for each row is a CPU-intensive operation, we might try enabling parallelism to see if that speeds up the response time.  Running the query again (but without the MAXDOP 1 hint) on a machine with eight logical processors, the query now takes 10 seconds to execute – twice as long as when run serially. Rather than attempting further guesses at the cause of the slowness, let’s go back to serial execution and add some monitoring.  The script below monitors STATISTICS IO output and the amount of tempdb used by the test query.  We will also run a Profiler trace to capture any warnings generated during query execution. DECLARE @read BIGINT, @write BIGINT ; SELECT @read = SUM(num_of_bytes_read), @write = SUM(num_of_bytes_written) FROM tempdb.sys.database_files AS DBF JOIN sys.dm_io_virtual_file_stats(2, NULL) AS FS ON FS.file_id = DBF.file_id WHERE DBF.type_desc = 'ROWS' ; SET STATISTICS IO ON ; SELECT TOP (150) TC.id, TC.padding FROM dbo.TestCHAR AS TC ORDER BY NEWID() OPTION (MAXDOP 1) ; SET STATISTICS IO OFF ; SELECT tempdb_read_MB = (SUM(num_of_bytes_read) - @read) / 1024. / 1024., tempdb_write_MB = (SUM(num_of_bytes_written) - @write) / 1024. / 1024., internal_use_MB = ( SELECT internal_objects_alloc_page_count / 128.0 FROM sys.dm_db_task_space_usage WHERE session_id = @@SPID ) FROM tempdb.sys.database_files AS DBF JOIN sys.dm_io_virtual_file_stats(2, NULL) AS FS ON FS.file_id = DBF.file_id WHERE DBF.type_desc = 'ROWS' ; Let’s take a closer look at the statistics and query plan generated from this: Following the flow of the data from right to left, we see the expected 50,000 rows emerging from the Clustered Index Scan, with a total estimated size of around 191MB.  The Compute Scalar adds a column containing a random GUID (generated from the NEWID() function call) for each row.  With this extra column in place, the size of the data arriving at the Sort operator is estimated to be 192MB. Sort is a blocking operator – it has to examine all of the rows on its input before it can produce its first row of output (the last row received might sort first).  This characteristic means that Sort requires a memory grant – memory allocated for the query’s use by SQL Server just before execution starts.  In this case, the Sort is the only memory-consuming operator in the plan, so it has access to the full 243MB (248,696KB) of memory reserved by SQL Server for this query execution. Notice that the memory grant is significantly larger than the expected size of the data to be sorted.  SQL Server uses a number of techniques to speed up sorting, some of which sacrifice size for comparison speed.  Sorts typically require a very large number of comparisons, so this is usually a very effective optimization.  One of the drawbacks is that it is not possible to exactly predict the sort space needed, as it depends on the data itself.  SQL Server takes an educated guess based on data types, sizes, and the number of rows expected, but the algorithm is not perfect. In spite of the large memory grant, the Profiler trace shows a Sort Warning event (indicating that the sort ran out of memory), and the tempdb usage monitor shows that 195MB of tempdb space was used – all of that for system use.  The 195MB represents physical write activity on tempdb, because SQL Server strictly enforces memory grants – a query cannot ‘cheat’ and effectively gain extra memory by spilling to tempdb pages that reside in memory.  Anyway, the key point here is that it takes a while to write 195MB to disk, and this is the main reason that the query takes 5 seconds overall. If you are wondering why using parallelism made the problem worse, consider that eight threads of execution result in eight concurrent partial sorts, each receiving one eighth of the memory grant.  The eight sorts all spilled to tempdb, resulting in inefficiencies as the spilled sorts competed for disk resources.  More importantly, there are specific problems at the point where the eight partial results are combined, but I’ll cover that in a future post. CHAR(3999) Performance Summary: 5 seconds elapsed time 243MB memory grant 195MB tempdb usage 192MB estimated sort set 25,043 logical reads Sort Warning Test 2 – VARCHAR(MAX) We’ll now run exactly the same test (with the additional monitoring) on the table using a VARCHAR(MAX) padding column: DECLARE @read BIGINT, @write BIGINT ; SELECT @read = SUM(num_of_bytes_read), @write = SUM(num_of_bytes_written) FROM tempdb.sys.database_files AS DBF JOIN sys.dm_io_virtual_file_stats(2, NULL) AS FS ON FS.file_id = DBF.file_id WHERE DBF.type_desc = 'ROWS' ; SET STATISTICS IO ON ; SELECT TOP (150) TM.id, TM.padding FROM dbo.TestMAX AS TM ORDER BY NEWID() OPTION (MAXDOP 1) ; SET STATISTICS IO OFF ; SELECT tempdb_read_MB = (SUM(num_of_bytes_read) - @read) / 1024. / 1024., tempdb_write_MB = (SUM(num_of_bytes_written) - @write) / 1024. / 1024., internal_use_MB = ( SELECT internal_objects_alloc_page_count / 128.0 FROM sys.dm_db_task_space_usage WHERE session_id = @@SPID ) FROM tempdb.sys.database_files AS DBF JOIN sys.dm_io_virtual_file_stats(2, NULL) AS FS ON FS.file_id = DBF.file_id WHERE DBF.type_desc = 'ROWS' ; This time the query takes around 8 seconds to complete (3 seconds longer than Test 1).  Notice that the estimated row and data sizes are very slightly larger, and the overall memory grant has also increased very slightly to 245MB.  The most marked difference is in the amount of tempdb space used – this query wrote almost 391MB of sort run data to the physical tempdb file.  Don’t draw any general conclusions about VARCHAR(MAX) versus CHAR from this – I chose the length of the data specifically to expose this edge case.  In most cases, VARCHAR(MAX) performs very similarly to CHAR – I just wanted to make test 2 a bit more exciting. MAX Performance Summary: 8 seconds elapsed time 245MB memory grant 391MB tempdb usage 193MB estimated sort set 25,043 logical reads Sort warning Test 3 – TEXT The same test again, but using the deprecated TEXT data type for the padding column: DECLARE @read BIGINT, @write BIGINT ; SELECT @read = SUM(num_of_bytes_read), @write = SUM(num_of_bytes_written) FROM tempdb.sys.database_files AS DBF JOIN sys.dm_io_virtual_file_stats(2, NULL) AS FS ON FS.file_id = DBF.file_id WHERE DBF.type_desc = 'ROWS' ; SET STATISTICS IO ON ; SELECT TOP (150) TT.id, TT.padding FROM dbo.TestTEXT AS TT ORDER BY NEWID() OPTION (MAXDOP 1, RECOMPILE) ; SET STATISTICS IO OFF ; SELECT tempdb_read_MB = (SUM(num_of_bytes_read) - @read) / 1024. / 1024., tempdb_write_MB = (SUM(num_of_bytes_written) - @write) / 1024. / 1024., internal_use_MB = ( SELECT internal_objects_alloc_page_count / 128.0 FROM sys.dm_db_task_space_usage WHERE session_id = @@SPID ) FROM tempdb.sys.database_files AS DBF JOIN sys.dm_io_virtual_file_stats(2, NULL) AS FS ON FS.file_id = DBF.file_id WHERE DBF.type_desc = 'ROWS' ; This time the query runs in 500ms.  If you look at the metrics we have been checking so far, it’s not hard to understand why: TEXT Performance Summary: 0.5 seconds elapsed time 9MB memory grant 5MB tempdb usage 5MB estimated sort set 207 logical reads 596 LOB logical reads Sort warning SQL Server’s memory grant algorithm still underestimates the memory needed to perform the sorting operation, but the size of the data to sort is so much smaller (5MB versus 193MB previously) that the spilled sort doesn’t matter very much.  Why is the data size so much smaller?  The query still produces the correct results – including the large amount of data held in the padding column – so what magic is being performed here? TEXT versus MAX Storage The answer lies in how columns of the TEXT data type are stored.  By default, TEXT data is stored off-row in separate LOB pages – which explains why this is the first query we have seen that records LOB logical reads in its STATISTICS IO output.  You may recall from my last post that LOB data leaves an in-row pointer to the separate storage structure holding the LOB data. SQL Server can see that the full LOB value is not required by the query plan until results are returned, so instead of passing the full LOB value down the plan from the Clustered Index Scan, it passes the small in-row structure instead.  SQL Server estimates that each row coming from the scan will be 79 bytes long – 11 bytes for row overhead, 4 bytes for the integer id column, and 64 bytes for the LOB pointer (in fact the pointer is rather smaller – usually 16 bytes – but the details of that don’t really matter right now). OK, so this query is much more efficient because it is sorting a very much smaller data set – SQL Server delays retrieving the LOB data itself until after the Sort starts producing its 150 rows.  The question that normally arises at this point is: Why doesn’t SQL Server use the same trick when the padding column is defined as VARCHAR(MAX)? The answer is connected with the fact that if the actual size of the VARCHAR(MAX) data is 8000 bytes or less, it is usually stored in-row in exactly the same way as for a VARCHAR(8000) column – MAX data only moves off-row into LOB storage when it exceeds 8000 bytes.  The default behaviour of the TEXT type is to be stored off-row by default, unless the ‘text in row’ table option is set suitably and there is room on the page.  There is an analogous (but opposite) setting to control the storage of MAX data – the ‘large value types out of row’ table option.  By enabling this option for a table, MAX data will be stored off-row (in a LOB structure) instead of in-row.  SQL Server Books Online has good coverage of both options in the topic In Row Data. The MAXOOR Table The essential difference, then, is that MAX defaults to in-row storage, and TEXT defaults to off-row (LOB) storage.  You might be thinking that we could get the same benefits seen for the TEXT data type by storing the VARCHAR(MAX) values off row – so let’s look at that option now.  This script creates a fourth table, with the VARCHAR(MAX) data stored off-row in LOB pages: CREATE TABLE dbo.TestMAXOOR ( id INTEGER IDENTITY (1,1) NOT NULL, padding VARCHAR(MAX) NOT NULL,   CONSTRAINT [PK dbo.TestMAXOOR (id)] PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED (id), ) ; EXECUTE sys.sp_tableoption @TableNamePattern = N'dbo.TestMAXOOR', @OptionName = 'large value types out of row', @OptionValue = 'true' ; SELECT large_value_types_out_of_row FROM sys.tables WHERE [schema_id] = SCHEMA_ID(N'dbo') AND name = N'TestMAXOOR' ; INSERT INTO dbo.TestMAXOOR WITH (TABLOCKX) ( padding ) SELECT SPACE(0) FROM dbo.TestCHAR ORDER BY id ; UPDATE TM WITH (TABLOCK) SET padding.WRITE (TC.padding, NULL, NULL) FROM dbo.TestMAXOOR AS TM JOIN dbo.TestCHAR AS TC ON TC.id = TM.id ; EXECUTE sys.sp_spaceused @objname = 'dbo.TestMAXOOR' ; CHECKPOINT ; Test 4 – MAXOOR We can now re-run our test on the MAXOOR (MAX out of row) table: DECLARE @read BIGINT, @write BIGINT ; SELECT @read = SUM(num_of_bytes_read), @write = SUM(num_of_bytes_written) FROM tempdb.sys.database_files AS DBF JOIN sys.dm_io_virtual_file_stats(2, NULL) AS FS ON FS.file_id = DBF.file_id WHERE DBF.type_desc = 'ROWS' ; SET STATISTICS IO ON ; SELECT TOP (150) MO.id, MO.padding FROM dbo.TestMAXOOR AS MO ORDER BY NEWID() OPTION (MAXDOP 1, RECOMPILE) ; SET STATISTICS IO OFF ; SELECT tempdb_read_MB = (SUM(num_of_bytes_read) - @read) / 1024. / 1024., tempdb_write_MB = (SUM(num_of_bytes_written) - @write) / 1024. / 1024., internal_use_MB = ( SELECT internal_objects_alloc_page_count / 128.0 FROM sys.dm_db_task_space_usage WHERE session_id = @@SPID ) FROM tempdb.sys.database_files AS DBF JOIN sys.dm_io_virtual_file_stats(2, NULL) AS FS ON FS.file_id = DBF.file_id WHERE DBF.type_desc = 'ROWS' ; TEXT Performance Summary: 0.3 seconds elapsed time 245MB memory grant 0MB tempdb usage 193MB estimated sort set 207 logical reads 446 LOB logical reads No sort warning The query runs very quickly – slightly faster than Test 3, and without spilling the sort to tempdb (there is no sort warning in the trace, and the monitoring query shows zero tempdb usage by this query).  SQL Server is passing the in-row pointer structure down the plan and only looking up the LOB value on the output side of the sort. The Hidden Problem There is still a huge problem with this query though – it requires a 245MB memory grant.  No wonder the sort doesn’t spill to tempdb now – 245MB is about 20 times more memory than this query actually requires to sort 50,000 records containing LOB data pointers.  Notice that the estimated row and data sizes in the plan are the same as in test 2 (where the MAX data was stored in-row). The optimizer assumes that MAX data is stored in-row, regardless of the sp_tableoption setting ‘large value types out of row’.  Why?  Because this option is dynamic – changing it does not immediately force all MAX data in the table in-row or off-row, only when data is added or actually changed.  SQL Server does not keep statistics to show how much MAX or TEXT data is currently in-row, and how much is stored in LOB pages.  This is an annoying limitation, and one which I hope will be addressed in a future version of the product. So why should we worry about this?  Excessive memory grants reduce concurrency and may result in queries waiting on the RESOURCE_SEMAPHORE wait type while they wait for memory they do not need.  245MB is an awful lot of memory, especially on 32-bit versions where memory grants cannot use AWE-mapped memory.  Even on a 64-bit server with plenty of memory, do you really want a single query to consume 0.25GB of memory unnecessarily?  That’s 32,000 8KB pages that might be put to much better use. The Solution The answer is not to use the TEXT data type for the padding column.  That solution happens to have better performance characteristics for this specific query, but it still results in a spilled sort, and it is hard to recommend the use of a data type which is scheduled for removal.  I hope it is clear to you that the fundamental problem here is that SQL Server sorts the whole set arriving at a Sort operator.  Clearly, it is not efficient to sort the whole table in memory just to return 150 rows in a random order. The TEXT example was more efficient because it dramatically reduced the size of the set that needed to be sorted.  We can do the same thing by selecting 150 unique keys from the table at random (sorting by NEWID() for example) and only then retrieving the large padding column values for just the 150 rows we need.  The following script implements that idea for all four tables: SET STATISTICS IO ON ; WITH TestTable AS ( SELECT * FROM dbo.TestCHAR ), TopKeys AS ( SELECT TOP (150) id FROM TestTable ORDER BY NEWID() ) SELECT T1.id, T1.padding FROM TestTable AS T1 WHERE T1.id = ANY (SELECT id FROM TopKeys) OPTION (MAXDOP 1) ; WITH TestTable AS ( SELECT * FROM dbo.TestMAX ), TopKeys AS ( SELECT TOP (150) id FROM TestTable ORDER BY NEWID() ) SELECT T1.id, T1.padding FROM TestTable AS T1 WHERE T1.id IN (SELECT id FROM TopKeys) OPTION (MAXDOP 1) ; WITH TestTable AS ( SELECT * FROM dbo.TestTEXT ), TopKeys AS ( SELECT TOP (150) id FROM TestTable ORDER BY NEWID() ) SELECT T1.id, T1.padding FROM TestTable AS T1 WHERE T1.id IN (SELECT id FROM TopKeys) OPTION (MAXDOP 1) ; WITH TestTable AS ( SELECT * FROM dbo.TestMAXOOR ), TopKeys AS ( SELECT TOP (150) id FROM TestTable ORDER BY NEWID() ) SELECT T1.id, T1.padding FROM TestTable AS T1 WHERE T1.id IN (SELECT id FROM TopKeys) OPTION (MAXDOP 1) ; SET STATISTICS IO OFF ; All four queries now return results in much less than a second, with memory grants between 6 and 12MB, and without spilling to tempdb.  The small remaining inefficiency is in reading the id column values from the clustered primary key index.  As a clustered index, it contains all the in-row data at its leaf.  The CHAR and VARCHAR(MAX) tables store the padding column in-row, so id values are separated by a 3999-character column, plus row overhead.  The TEXT and MAXOOR tables store the padding values off-row, so id values in the clustered index leaf are separated by the much-smaller off-row pointer structure.  This difference is reflected in the number of logical page reads performed by the four queries: Table 'TestCHAR' logical reads 25511 lob logical reads 000 Table 'TestMAX'. logical reads 25511 lob logical reads 000 Table 'TestTEXT' logical reads 00412 lob logical reads 597 Table 'TestMAXOOR' logical reads 00413 lob logical reads 446 We can increase the density of the id values by creating a separate nonclustered index on the id column only.  This is the same key as the clustered index, of course, but the nonclustered index will not include the rest of the in-row column data. CREATE UNIQUE NONCLUSTERED INDEX uq1 ON dbo.TestCHAR (id); CREATE UNIQUE NONCLUSTERED INDEX uq1 ON dbo.TestMAX (id); CREATE UNIQUE NONCLUSTERED INDEX uq1 ON dbo.TestTEXT (id); CREATE UNIQUE NONCLUSTERED INDEX uq1 ON dbo.TestMAXOOR (id); The four queries can now use the very dense nonclustered index to quickly scan the id values, sort them by NEWID(), select the 150 ids we want, and then look up the padding data.  The logical reads with the new indexes in place are: Table 'TestCHAR' logical reads 835 lob logical reads 0 Table 'TestMAX' logical reads 835 lob logical reads 0 Table 'TestTEXT' logical reads 686 lob logical reads 597 Table 'TestMAXOOR' logical reads 686 lob logical reads 448 With the new index, all four queries use the same query plan (click to enlarge): Performance Summary: 0.3 seconds elapsed time 6MB memory grant 0MB tempdb usage 1MB sort set 835 logical reads (CHAR, MAX) 686 logical reads (TEXT, MAXOOR) 597 LOB logical reads (TEXT) 448 LOB logical reads (MAXOOR) No sort warning I’ll leave it as an exercise for the reader to work out why trying to eliminate the Key Lookup by adding the padding column to the new nonclustered indexes would be a daft idea Conclusion This post is not about tuning queries that access columns containing big strings.  It isn’t about the internal differences between TEXT and MAX data types either.  It isn’t even about the cool use of UPDATE .WRITE used in the MAXOOR table load.  No, this post is about something else: Many developers might not have tuned our starting example query at all – 5 seconds isn’t that bad, and the original query plan looks reasonable at first glance.  Perhaps the NEWID() function would have been blamed for ‘just being slow’ – who knows.  5 seconds isn’t awful – unless your users expect sub-second responses – but using 250MB of memory and writing 200MB to tempdb certainly is!  If ten sessions ran that query at the same time in production that’s 2.5GB of memory usage and 2GB hitting tempdb.  Of course, not all queries can be rewritten to avoid large memory grants and sort spills using the key-lookup technique in this post, but that’s not the point either. The point of this post is that a basic understanding of execution plans is not enough.  Tuning for logical reads and adding covering indexes is not enough.  If you want to produce high-quality, scalable TSQL that won’t get you paged as soon as it hits production, you need a deep understanding of execution plans, and as much accurate, deep knowledge about SQL Server as you can lay your hands on.  The advanced database developer has a wide range of tools to use in writing queries that perform well in a range of circumstances. By the way, the examples in this post were written for SQL Server 2008.  They will run on 2005 and demonstrate the same principles, but you won’t get the same figures I did because 2005 had a rather nasty bug in the Top N Sort operator.  Fair warning: if you do decide to run the scripts on a 2005 instance (particularly the parallel query) do it before you head out for lunch… This post is dedicated to the people of Christchurch, New Zealand. © 2011 Paul White email: @[email protected] twitter: @SQL_Kiwi

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  • WCF Error when using “Match Data” function in MDS Excel AddIn

    - by Davide Mauri
    If you’re using MDS and DQS with the Excel Integration you may get an error when trying to use the “Match Data” feature that uses DQS in order to help to identify duplicate data in your data set. The error is quite obscure and you have to enable WCF error reporting in order to have the error details and you’ll discover that they are related to some missing permission in MDS and DQS_STAGING_DATA database. To fix the problem you just have to give the needed permession, as the following script does: use MDS go GRANT SELECT ON mdm.tblDataQualityOperationsState TO [VMSRV02\mdsweb] GRANT INSERT ON mdm.tblDataQualityOperationsState TO [VMSRV02\mdsweb] GRANT DELETE ON mdm.tblDataQualityOperationsState TO [VMSRV02\mdsweb] GRANT UPDATE ON mdm.tblDataQualityOperationsState TO [VMSRV02\mdsweb] USE [DQS_STAGING_DATA] GO ALTER AUTHORIZATION ON SCHEMA::[db_datareader] TO [VMSRV02\mdsweb] ALTER AUTHORIZATION ON SCHEMA::[db_datawriter] TO [VMSRV02\mdsweb] ALTER AUTHORIZATION ON SCHEMA::[db_ddladmin] TO [VMSRV02\mdsweb] GO Where “VMSRV02\mdsweb” is the user you configured for MDS Service execution. If you don’t remember it, you can just check which account has been assigned to the IIS application pool that your MDS website is using:

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  • PeopleSoft Grants & the Federal Agency Letter of Credit Draw Changes

    - by Mark Rosenberg
    For decades, most, if not all, US Federal agencies that sponsor research allowed grant recipients to request and receive payments using pooled accounts, commonly known as pooled letter of credit (LOC) draws. This enabled organizations, such as universities and hospitals, fast and efficient access to reimbursement of the expenditures they incurred conducting research across a portfolio of grants. To support this business practice, the PeopleSoft Grants solution has delivered an LOC Draw report to provide the total request amount along with all of the supporting invoice details for reconciliation and audit purposes. Now, in an attempt to provide greater transparency, eliminate fraud, strengthen accountability for grant-related financial transactions, and simplify grant award closeout, many US Federal sponsors are transitioning from the “pooling” letter of credit draw method to requesting on a “grant-by-grant” basis. The National Science Foundation, the second largest issuer of Federal awards, already transitioned to detailed grant draws in 2013. And, in response to the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) directive to HHS-supported Agencies, the largest Federal awards sponsor, the National Institutes of Health (NIH), will fully transition to the new HHS subaccount draw method. This will require NIH award recipients to request payments based on actual expenses incurred on an award-by-award basis. NIH is expected to fully transition to this new draw method by the end of Federal fiscal year 2015.  (The NIH had planned to fully transition to this new method by the end of fiscal 2014; however, the impact to institutions was deemed to be significant enough that a reprieve was recently granted.) In light of these new Federal draw requirements, we have recently released these new features to aid our customers on both PeopleSoft Grants releases 9.1 and 9.2:1. Federal Award Identification Number on the Proposal and Award Profile 2. Letter of credit fields on contract lines to support award basis draws and comply with Federal close out mandates3. Process to produce both pro forma and final LOC Draw Reports in BI Publisher report format4. Subacccount ID field on the LOC Summary and a new BI Publisher version of the LOC Summary report 5. Added Subaccount Field and contract info to be displayed on the LOC summary page6. Ability to generate by a variety of dimensions pro forma and invoiced draw listings 7. Queries for generation and manipulation of data to upload into sponsor payment request systems and perform payment matching8. Contracts LOC Close Out query to quickly review final balances prior to initiating final draws and preparing Federal Financial Reports prior to close The PeopleSoft Development team actively monitors this and other major Federal changes and continues working closely with the Grants Product Advisory Group of the Higher Education User Group to ensure a clear understanding of what our customers need in order to transition to new approaches for doing business with the Federal government. For more information regarding the enhancements to the PeopleSoft Grants solution, existing customers can login to My Oracle Support and review the Enhancements to Letter of Credit Process (Doc ID 1912692.1) associated with resolution ID 904830. This enhanced LOC functionality is available in both PeopleSoft FSCM 9.1 Bundle #31 and PeopleSoft FSCM 9.2 Update Image 8.

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  • Thank you for your support throughout 2010!!!

    - by Mike Dietrich
    Now as the calendar year 2010 is close to its end, it's time for a quick wrap-up. The TV stations have shown all their flashbacks already in early December but we'll wait until end of the year ;-) I will post some pictures done by Roy or my throughout our travel in the next days. We've visited a lot of countries - and did more than 60 full-day Upgrade Workshops in 28 different countries: . But the most important thing: We'd like to say THANK YOU to all the wonderful people who'd attend to one of our upgrade workshops in Europe, Asia, Africa or Northern America. It was really great and a big pleasure for Roy and me to meet with you, get a lot of useful feedback, insight views into your environments, plenty of good contacts, recommendations for the slides - and finally some cheers and claps :-) Thanks for all your support, have a great holiday season with your families and your friends wherever you are - and we hope to see you soon again!!! Roy and Mike

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  • Oracle logical standby fails with ORA-01919

    - by DCookie
    I have an Oracle logical standby database being managed via data guard. Just this morning the redo apply process began failing with an ORA-01919 error, indicating one of our application roles did not exist. However, I can see the role on both primary and standby databases. We also have a physical standby that has long since applied the redo where this is happening on the logical, without issue. I have opened an SR with Oracle. I was wondering if anyone out there has seen this before. I guess I should mention: Oracle 10.2.0.4, Win2003 Server SP2. UPDATE: So far, Oracle Support has not provided an answer. I thought I'd post here what I have learned so far. It appears that a grant of DBA on the primary host to a role works fine for users granted the role. It does not work on the logical standby. IOW: create role TEST; grant dba to TEST; grant TEST to auser; connect auser set role TEST; grant <existing role> to <existing user>; This works on the primary instance but fails on the logical. A workaround appears to be to grant each role on the primary to the role TEST with admin option in the logical: grant <existing role> to TEST with admin option; <== do this on the logical standby Then the command works on the logical standby.

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  • Why do users have to enter a 7-digit twitter PIN to grant my application access?

    - by Tony
    I am implementing some ruby on rails code tweet stuff for my users. I am creating the proper oauth link...something like http://twitter.com/oauth/authorize?oauth_token=y2RkuftYAEkbEuIF7zKMuzWN30O2XxM8U9j0egtzKv But after my test account grants access to twitter, it pulls up a page saying "You've successfully granted access to . Simply return to and enter the following PIN to complete the process. 1234567" I have no idea where the user should enter this PIN and why they have to do that. I don't think this should be a necessary step. Twitter should be redirecting the user to the callback URL I provided in the application settings. Does anyone know why this is happening? UPDATE I found this article that states I need to send my users to this URL (note "authenticate" instead of "authorize"): http://twitter.com/oauth/authenticate?oauth_token=y2RkuftYAEkbEuIF7zKMuzWN30O2XxM8U9j0egtzKv I made the change but Twitter redirects the user to the authorize path after he clicks "Allow" which then gives him the 7 digit PIN again!

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  • How to Grant IIS 7.5 access to a certificate in certificate store?

    - by thames
    In Windows 2003 it was simple to do and one could use the winhttpcertcfg.exe (download) to give "NETWORK SERVICE" account access to a certificate. I'm now using Windows Server 2008 R2 with IIS 7.5 and I am unable to find where and how to set permissions access permissions to a certificate in the certificate store. This Post showed how to do it in Vista and that winhttpcertcfg features were added into the certificates mmc however it doesn't seem to work with imported certificates or doesn't work anymore on Server 2008 R2. So does anyone have any idea on how give IIS 7.5 the correct permissions to read a certificate from the certificate store? And also what account from IIS 7.5 that needs the permission.

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  • How do I grant anonymous access to a url using FormsAuthentication?

    - by Brian Bolton
    For the most part, my webapp requires authentication to do anything. There are a few pages, namely the homepage, that I'd like people to be able to access without authenticating. Specifically, I'd like to allow anonymous access to these urls: /home /default.aspx I'm using asp.net MVC and FormsAuthentication. Both urls point to the same view: /home/index.aspx Here is my current configuration in web.config. <authentication mode="Forms"> <forms loginUrl="~/Account/LogOn" timeout="2880" /> </authentication> <authorization> <deny users="?" /> </authorization> Reading the documentation for the authorization tag, it says "Configures the authorization for a Web application, controlling client access to URL resources." It seems like I should be able to use the authorization tag to specify a url and allow access. Something like: <authentication mode="Forms"> <forms loginUrl="~/Account/LogOn" timeout="2880" /> </authentication> <authorization> <deny users="?" /> </authorization> <authorization url="/default.aspx"> <allow users="?" /> </authorization> <authorization url="/home"> <allow users="?" /> </authorization>

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  • What permissions do I need to grant to run RavenDB in Server mode?

    - by dalesmithtx
    I'm reading through Rob Ashton's excellent blog post on RavenDB: http://codeofrob.com/archive/2010/05/09/ravendb-an-introduction.aspx and I'm working through the code as I read. But when I try to add an index, I get a 401 error. Here's the code: class Program { static void Main(string[] args) { using (var documentStore = new DocumentStore() { Url = "http://localhost:8080" }) { documentStore.Initialise(); documentStore.DatabaseCommands.PutIndex( "BasicEntityBySomeData", new IndexDefinition<BasicEntity, BasicEntity>() { Map = docs => from doc in docs where doc.SomeData != null select new { SomeData = doc.SomeData }, }); string entityId; using (var documentSession = documentStore.OpenSession()) { var entity = new BasicEntity() { SomeData = "Hello, World!", SomeOtherData = "This is just another property", }; documentSession.Store(entity); documentSession.SaveChanges(); entityId = entity.Id; var loadedEntity = documentSession.Load<BasicEntity>(entityId); Console.WriteLine(loadedEntity.SomeData); var docs = documentSession.Query<BasicEntity>("BasicEntityBySomeData") .Where("SomeData:Hello~") .WaitForNonStaleResults() .ToArray(); docs.ToList().ForEach(doc => Console.WriteLine(doc.SomeData)); Console.Read(); } } } It throws the 401 error when on the line that makes the PutIndex() call. Any ideas what permissions I need to apply? And where I need to apply them?

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  • ASP.NET - I am generating an .XLS file with a DLL, how do I grant permissions for writing to file? (

    - by hamlin11
    I'm generating an .XLS file with a DLL (Excel Library http://code.google.com/p/excellibrary/) I've added this DLL as a reference to my project. The code to save the .XLS to disk is running, but it's encountering a permissions issue. I've attempted to set full access for IUSRS, Network Service, and Everyone just to see if I could get it working, and none of these seems to make a difference. Here's where I'm trying to write the file: c:/temp/test1.xls Here's the error: [SecurityException: Request for the permission of type 'System.Security.Permissions.FileIOPermission, mscorlib, Version=2.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089' failed.] System.Security.CodeAccessSecurityEngine.Check(Object demand, StackCrawlMark& stackMark, Boolean isPermSet) +0 System.Security.CodeAccessPermission.Demand() +54 System.IO.FileStream.Init(String path, FileMode mode, FileAccess access, Int32 rights, Boolean useRights, FileShare share, Int32 bufferSize, FileOptions options, SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES secAttrs, String msgPath, Boolean bFromProxy) +2103 System.IO.FileStream..ctor(String path, FileMode mode, FileAccess access, FileShare share, Int32 bufferSize, FileOptions options, String msgPath, Boolean bFromProxy) +138 System.IO.FileStream..ctor(String path, FileMode mode, FileAccess access, FileShare share) +89 System.IO.File.Open(String path, FileMode mode, FileAccess access, FileShare share) +58 ExcelLibrary.Office.CompoundDocumentFormat.CompoundDocument.Create(String file) +88 ExcelLibrary.Office.Excel.Workbook.Save(String file) +73 CHC_Reports.LitAnalysis.CreateSpreadSheet_Click(Object sender, EventArgs e) in C:\Users\brian\Desktop\Enterprise Manager\CHC_Reports\LitAnalysis.aspx.vb:19 System.Web.UI.WebControls.Button.OnClick(EventArgs e) +115 System.Web.UI.WebControls.Button.RaisePostBackEvent(String eventArgument) +140 System.Web.UI.Page.RaisePostBackEvent(IPostBackEventHandler sourceControl, String eventArgument) +29 System.Web.UI.Page.ProcessRequestMain(Boolean includeStagesBeforeAsyncPoint, Boolean includeStagesAfterAsyncPoint) +11041511 System.Web.UI.Page.ProcessRequest(Boolean includeStagesBeforeAsyncPoint, Boolean includeStagesAfterAsyncPoint) +11041050 System.Web.UI.Page.ProcessRequest() +91 System.Web.UI.Page.ProcessRequest(HttpContext context) +240 ASP.litanalysis_aspx.ProcessRequest(HttpContext context) +52 System.Web.CallHandlerExecutionStep.System.Web.HttpApplication.IExecutionStep.Execute() +599 System.Web.HttpApplication.ExecuteStep(IExecutionStep step, Boolean& completedSynchronously) +171 Any idea what I need to do to diagnose the permissions issue and allow the file creation? Thanks.

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  • How much user data should be required to grant a password reset?

    - by Andrew Heath
    I'm looking to add password-reset functionality to my site and have been browsing the numerous threads discussing various aspects of that issue here on SO. One thing I haven't really seen clarified is how much information to require from the user for confirmation before sending out the reset email. is email alone enough? email + account username? email + account username + some other identifying value all accounts must input? I don't want my site to seem like an old wrinkly nun with a ruler, but I don't want people to be able to abuse the password reset system willy-nilly. Suggestions?

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  • SecurityException from Activator.CreateInstance(), How to grant permissons to Assembly?

    - by user365164
    I have been loading an assembly via Assembly.LoadFrom(@"path"); and then doing Type t = asm.GetType("Test.Test"); test = Activator.CreateInstance(t, new Object[] { ... }); and it was working fine, but now I moved the dll I am getting the following System.Reflection.TargetInvocationException: Exception has been thrown by the target of an invocation. --- System.Security.SecurityException: Request for the permission of type 'System.Security.Permissons.SecurityPermission, etc .. For the sake of brevity it seems the demand was for an PermissionSet that allowed ControlAppDomain and it's not getting it. My question is how can I create this permissionset and pass it to the instance or assembly? I've been googling for hours to no avail.

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  • Can I grant explicit Javascript methods to a different-host iframe?

    - by Matchu
    I'm thinking about a system in which I allow users to create Javascript-empowered widgets for other users to embed in their dashboard on my website. I'd like to limit these widgets fairly strictly, so each would exist as an iframe kept on its own unique hostname: the widget with ID #47 would be accessible at w47.widgets.example.com, for example. It would be helpful, for permission-granting dialogs and the like, to allow the widget to call very specific methods explicitly granted by the parent window, without authorizing the iframe to do whatever it likes with the parent frame on the user's behalf. Is it possible for a parent document to explicitly allow certain method calls to a child document on a different host?

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