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  • MTP Won't Work With Newer Ubuntu

    - by spacesword
    I have a Philips GoGear Vibe 4 GB, set to MTP mode, as it's always been. This works fine with older versions of Ubuntu and works fine with Windows, but doesn't work with newer versions of Ubuntu. The version history is like this: 12.04 - works 12.10 - works 13.04 - doesn't work 14.04 - doesn't work Windows 7 - works When you plug the MP3 player in Ubuntu the file manager opens the root of the device, which contains the folder "internal storage". When you click on "internal storage" to open it, the file manager just hangs. And if you try to unmount the MP3 player, that process hangs too, until you just unplug it. In Windows when you click on internal storage, it opens and shows all the files it contains. And in the earlier versions of Ubuntu it just worked. Any ideas? Thanks.

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  • How does btrfs RAID work in degraded mode?

    - by turbo
    My idea was that (using loopback devices) it works like this Create the raid array sudo mkfs.btrfs -m raid1 -d raid1 /dev/loop1 /dev/loop2 You mount them sudo mount /dev/loop1 /mnt and mark them touch goodcondition You unmount and simulate disk failure (remove disk or delete loopback device loop2 in my case) You mount degraded -o degraded and mark again touch degraded You add the bad disk again sudo btrfs dev add /dev/loop2 You rebalance sudo btrfs fi ba /mnt And Raid 1 should work again. But that's not the case. sudo btrfs fi show: Total devices 3 FS bytes used 28.00KB devid 3 size 4.00GB used 264.00MB path /dev/loop1 devid 2 size 4.00GB used 272.00MB path /dev/loop2 *** Some devices missing The file degraded lives on loop1 but not on loop2 when loop2 is mounted in degraded mode. Why is that?

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  • Installing windows after ubuntu is installed (need to create ntfs partition too)

    - by Brent Roose
    I prefer Ubuntu to work on, but for some applications for school, I need windows. I've done some research and have a few problems: I only have one hard drive which is formatted as ext4, not ntfs. Many people say I have to use Gparted to create an ntfs partition to install windows on, the only problem is that I need to unmount my drive to do this, which isn't possible I think because I only have one. I thought about mounting my HDD as a slave on a windows laptop but I don't manage to partition it with windows partition manager, so I think I need some kind of tool. which one? next problem I'll probably have is that I won't be able to boot ubuntu after installing windows because grub will be removed from my MBR. are there any good guides around here? I've used some kind of tool before, but it crashed my whole HDD so I had to fully format it.

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  • Unable to mount 1TB USB external HDD - Error

    - by superbDeveloper
    Hi, I'm getting an error when I plug in my 1TB USB external HDD, the wierd thing about this is that it was working fine before and I've been using it for about a couple of months now. yesterday I compressed one of the folders which had about 120GB of data but the compression failed after an hour and I decided to unmount the drive and shut everything down. Today when I tried to plug in the drive I got the following error: Error mounting: mount: wrong fs type, bad option, bad superblock on /dev/sdc, missing codepage or helper program, or other error In some cases useful info is found in syslog - try dmesg | tail or so output of cat /proc/partitions below muzikayise@muzikayise-supercom:~$ sudo fdisk -l /dev/sdc Disk /dev/sdc: 1000.2 GB, 1000204886016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 121601 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x39dcba64 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System please will someone kindly assist with this? thanks in advance,

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  • Apps capable of mounting/unmounting CD/DVD Images with multi-sector or protected format

    - by Luis Alvarado
    What apps for Ubuntu exist that can mount/unmount CD/DVD images. Image formats like cue, bin, iso, nero format, etc... Needed features: Emulate protected CD/DVD like Daemon-Tools Mount multi-sector images Converting other formats (including multi-sector images) to ISO format. UPDATE - Updated question to "need the 3 features above instead of having them as optional". This 3 features are needed to be able to use images that have any of this features enable. For normal mounting/burning image apps you can see here: How can I graphically mount ISOs? Can I mount an ISO without administrative privileges? How burn or mount an ISO file?

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  • Ubuntu 12.04 not Locking Encrypted Hard Drive on Log Out

    - by J.L.
    I'm running Ubuntu 12.04 with Gnome 3.4. I have two external hard drives. I encrypted both using Ubuntu's Disk Utility. When I use Nautilus to mount them, I'm asked for my decryption password. Regardless of whether I then click "Forget password immediately" or "Remember password until you logout", though, I find that Ubuntu does not lock the drives when I log out. Rather, when I log back in, they're still mounted. (To be clear, restarting the computer does unmount them so that they require the password on the next log in.) I'm concerned that these drives are remaining unprotected when I log out without restarting my computer. I would be grateful for help understanding whether this is a bug. Thank you!

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  • Mounting Samba share whenever it's available, unmounting when it's not

    - by Laurynas Biveinis
    I am trying setup permanent samba share mounts. That's not too hard using these instructions. But, I want them to Automatically remount whenever I join the network where these shares are available. Automatically unmount (or make access requests fail immediately instead of hanging) whenever I leave the network, i.e. avoid this automatically. Googling suggests that AutoFS might be helpful. I gather it takes care of the 1. above but I am not sure about the 2. The other questions about automated Samba mounts, i.e. How to mount a samba share permanently?, do not seem to address automatic remounts/unmounts, so I think this is not a duplicate. Thanks.

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  • What scripts get run on session start and end?

    - by maaartinus
    I want to mount and unmount an encrypted partition just like ecryptfs works with the home partition. Where can I put my commands so that they get executed upon session start and session end (the important part is the unmounting when I log out). UPDATE: For the session start I'm using .gnomerc and it does what I want. For the session end I've found no solution. I had a look at the sources of ecryptfs and it looks quite complicated. It's a pity that nobody thought about creating something analog to .bash_logout.

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  • Kubuntu won't go into suspend mode while connected to network

    - by PaulW2U
    I'm currently testing Kubuntu 11.04 but I don't think this is a bug regarding what I appreciate is still an alpha version. After extensive searching of various forums and websites I found something that made me suspect that the reason I could not go into suspend mode was due to the fact that my network connection was still active. I found that if I unmount my network connection then I can go into suspend mode without any problem. I then have to remember to mount the connection when I next use the PC. Am I missing a program or setting? Is there a config file that I can edit? How can I fix this so that my network connection is broken and remade at the appropriate time? I haven't found any indication that a bug has been reported relating to this. Thanks in advance.

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  • nfs mountpoint named ``share'' breaks ls and man

    - by freddyb
    I mounted a nfs server to ~/share. This works fine as long as I'm at home, where the nfs share is in reach. Whenver I'm not, this seems to break access to all manpages. Using man (or ls in my homedir) waits forever. Checking with strace reveals that they try to access the folder called share. Unmounting fails too. Even with -l (lazy) and -f (force). I am asking for three things here: Is ``share'' a magic name? Does something like MANPATH exist, which I should avoid? How do I unmount without rebooting? (I already commented the share out in fstab) What would you suggest me to do, to have network/position based mounting of NFS shares?

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  • External hard drive failing, is backup recovery possible?

    - by backitup
    I have a Seagate Freeagent external hard drive. While I was backing it up on Windows XP my pc crashed and I received the horrifying "Delayed Write Error" when I rebooted citing "$MFT" and a few other files. I tried to unmount it, but to no avail. Now my pc just crashes when I try to access it via Windows. In Ubuntu I am able to view it through disk utility. SMART status is "DISK FAILURE IMMINENT". Fdisk doesn't work, and the SMART tests fail on "Reallocated Sector Count". Is there any way for me to rescue any of my data. I can still access the drive but as soon as I do that it crashes.

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  • Is it possible to boot without mounting /home?

    - by Exeleration-G
    I want to backup my /home partition on /dev/sda6 using partclone, a command line utility. To do so, I first have to unmount the partition that I want to backup. Most of the time, this is easy, but /home is used by so many processes that it can't be unmounted without first killing all those processes. So, the thing I'm looking for is a way to boot Ubuntu, without mounting /home, so I can back up the not-mounted /dev/sda6 partition. Is that possible? To be clear, it would be nice if this special boot could be 'one-time-only'. So I'm not looking for ways to change /etc/fstab in such way that /dev/sda6 won't be mounted. That's because that would require me to change /etc/fstab twice each time just to make a backup. I'm aware of the fact that there are other backup solutions available, such as deja-dup. I'd like to use partclone, though.

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  • eCryptfs : How to keep the home mounted without being over ssh?

    - by Bebeoix
    I have a daemon program who need to read in a file who is saved somewhere in my home folder. But every time I close my ssh connection, this daemon can't read the file because it appear that eCryptfs unmount the home. Maybe there is an option to force eCryptfs to not only mount with an ssh connection ? I didn't found it. Thanks. PS : I know this thread, Why is ecryptfs only mounting private home directory over ssh?, but this is not the proper/good way to deal with the request.

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  • How can I do individual file encryption on Dropbox?

    - by Scaine
    I'd like to set a single directory inside Dropbox in which files are encrypted on a file-by-file basis. At the moment, I use a 2Mb Truecrypt container inside my Dropbox which I then have to mount manually, access/change the files within, then unmount manually. At that point, the entire 2Mb uploads to Dropbox. This is a pain for a number of reasons : Dropbox sync will only occur when the Truecrypt container is unmounted, because Dropbox only syncs files that aren't locked and mounting a container locks it. A single byte change to one file inside that container results in the whole 2Mb being uploaded again. It doesn't scale - I was originally using a 10Mb container, but obviously the bigger the container, the longer it takes to sync when it's unmounted. I was wondering if I can somehow use LUKS to implement file-by-file encryption to get round the "container" issues.

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  • Prevent auto mounting Android sdcard under Linux Mint

    - by BullShark
    I recently obtained an older Android phone, so that I could test Android Apps on it. I've needed it because I have a Nexus 7 but not older Android versions, hardware, etc. to test on. I'm having a problem with it under Linux Mint with Cinnamon. When I plug the phone in, or remove and plug the sdcard from the phone back to it while the phone is plugged in, Linux automatically mounts the sdcard. This is a problem because once it is mounted under Linux, it dismounts from the phone running Android 2.3.5, and I can no longer test Android Apps I write that require the sdcard to be present, writable. I went to Menu System Tools System Settings System Details Removable Media, and it brings up this window. I have changed the settings to always "Ask what to do" on "Select how media should be handled". However, the sdcard still gets mounted and then I am asked how I want to open these files (media players, photo importers, file browser, etc.). If I click the checkbox for "Never prompt or start programs on media insertion", then the sdcard is mounted, and I am not asked how to open these files. Eject is just a noob word for Ubuntu users that means umount (unmount) like "Adminstrator" is another ubuntu noob word for the root user. And if I unmount the sdcard, the phone doesn't recognize it again until I take the sdcard out and plug it back in. The phone sees it for a brief moment until Linux Mint takes it over. There are 2 possible solutions and maybe more: 1) Prevent Linux from automounting sdcards some how 2) Tell Android not to allow the computer it is plugged into to take over the sdcard, HOW? Edit: I found out how to prevent the sdcard from being automatically mounted: Now it gets recognized by Linux: bullshark@beastlinux ~ $ dmesg | tail -n 25 [597212.218323] sd 21:0:0:0: [sde] Attached SCSI removable disk [597212.218639] sr 21:0:0:1: Attached scsi CD-ROM sr2 [597212.218910] sr 21:0:0:1: Attached scsi generic sg7 type 5 [597217.139373] sd 21:0:0:0: [sde] 3862528 512-byte logical blocks: (1.97 GB/1.84 GiB) [597217.140726] sd 21:0:0:0: [sde] No Caching mode page present [597217.140735] sd 21:0:0:0: [sde] Assuming drive cache: write through [597217.143595] sd 21:0:0:0: [sde] No Caching mode page present [597217.143602] sd 21:0:0:0: [sde] Assuming drive cache: write through [597217.152240] sde: sde1 [597389.751008] 4:2:1: cannot get freq at ep 0x84 [597390.238742] 4:2:1: cannot get freq at ep 0x84 [597624.903132] sde: detected capacity change from 1977614336 to 0 [597637.677763] sd 21:0:0:0: [sde] 3862528 512-byte logical blocks: (1.97 GB/1.84 GiB) [597637.679616] sd 21:0:0:0: [sde] No Caching mode page present [597637.679626] sd 21:0:0:0: [sde] Assuming drive cache: write through [597637.682508] sd 21:0:0:0: [sde] No Caching mode page present [597637.682515] sd 21:0:0:0: [sde] Assuming drive cache: write through [597637.692758] sde: sde1 [597661.857979] sde: detected capacity change from 1977614336 to 0 [597688.775455] sd 21:0:0:0: [sde] 3862528 512-byte logical blocks: (1.97 GB/1.84 GiB) [597688.776814] sd 21:0:0:0: [sde] No Caching mode page present [597688.776823] sd 21:0:0:0: [sde] Assuming drive cache: write through [597688.780055] sd 21:0:0:0: [sde] No Caching mode page present [597688.780062] sd 21:0:0:0: [sde] Assuming drive cache: write through [597688.788639] sde: sde1 bullshark@beastlinux ~ $ However, the phone still unmounts the sdcard upon being detected by Linux. Linux detects but does not mount, and a few seconds later: Edit #2 (Solution): I solved this one by changing the usb connection type (was usb mass storage) :

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  • Hard drive mounted at / , duplicate mounted hard drive after using MountManager

    - by HellHarvest
    possible duplicate post I'm running 12.04 64bit. My system is a dual boot for both Ubuntu and Windows7. Both operating systems are sharing the drive named "Elements". My volume named "Elements" is a 1TB SATA NTFS hard drive that shows up twice in the side bar in nautilus. One of the icons is functional and even has the convenient "eject" icon next to it. Below is a picture of the left menu in Nautilus, with System Monitor-File Systems tab open on top of it. Can someone advise me about how to get rid of this extra icon? I think the problem is much more deep-rooted than just a GUI glitch on Nautilus' part. The other icon does nothing but spit out the following error when I click on it (image below). This only happened AFTER I tried using Mount Manager to automate mounting the drive at start up. I've already uninstalled Mount Manager, and restarted, but the problem didn't go away. The hard drive does mount automatically now, so I guess that's cool. But now, every time I boot up now and open Nautilus, BOTH of these icons appear, one of which is fictitious and useless. According to the image above and the outputs of several other commands, it appears to be mounted at / In which case, no matter where I am in Nautilus when I try to click on that icon, of course it will tell me that that drive is in use by another program... Nautilus. I'm afraid of trying to unmount this hard drive (sdb6) because of where it appears to be mounted. I'm kind of a noob, and I have this gut feeling that tells me trying to unmount a drive at / will destroy my entire file system. This fear was further strengthened by the output of "$ fsck" at the very bottom of this post. Error immediately below when that 2nd "Elements" hard drive is clicked in Nautilus: Unable to mount Elements Mount is denied because the NTFS volume is already exclusively opened. The volume may be already mounted, or another software may use it which could be identified for example by the help of the 'fuser' command. It's odd to me that that error message above claims that it's an NTFS volume when everything else tell me that it's an ext4 volume. The actual hard drive "Elements" is in fact an NTFS volume. Here's the output of a few commands and configuration files that may be of interest: $ fuser -a / /: 2120r 2159rc 2160rc 2172r 2178rc 2180rc 2188r 2191rc 2200rc 2203rc 2205rc 2206r 2211r 2212r 2214r 2220r 2228r 2234rc 2246rc 2249rc 2254rc 2260rc 2261r 2262r 2277rc 2287rc 2291rc 2311rc 2313rc 2332rc 2334rc 2339rc 2343rc 2344rc 2352rc 2372rc 2389rc 2422r 2490r 2496rc 2501rc 2566r 2573rc 2581rc 2589rc 2592r 2603r 2611rc 2613rc 2615rc 2678rc 2927r 2981r 3104rc 4156rc 4196rc 4206rc 4213rc 4240rc 4297rc 5032rc 7609r 7613r 7648r 9593rc 18829r 18833r 19776r $ sudo df -h Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/sdb6 496G 366G 106G 78% / udev 2.0G 4.0K 2.0G 1% /dev tmpfs 791M 1.5M 790M 1% /run none 5.0M 0 5.0M 0% /run/lock none 2.0G 672K 2.0G 1% /run/shm /dev/sda1 932G 312G 620G 34% /media/Elements /home/solderblob/.Private 496G 366G 106G 78% /home/solderblob /dev/sdb2 188G 100G 88G 54% /media/A2B24EACB24E852F /dev/sdb1 100M 25M 76M 25% /media/System Reserved $ sudo fdisk -l Disk /dev/sda: 1000.2 GB, 1000204886016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 121601 cylinders, total 1953525168 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00093cab Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 2048 1953519615 976758784 7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT Disk /dev/sdb: 750.2 GB, 750156374016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 91201 cylinders, total 1465149168 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x000e8d9b Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdb1 * 2048 206847 102400 7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT /dev/sdb2 206848 392378768 196085960+ 7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT /dev/sdb3 392380414 1465147391 536383489 5 Extended /dev/sdb5 1456762880 1465147391 4192256 82 Linux swap / Solaris /dev/sdb6 392380416 1448374271 527996928 83 Linux /dev/sdb7 1448376320 1456758783 4191232 82 Linux swap / Solaris Partition table entries are not in disk order $ cat /etc/fstab # <file system> <mount point> <type> <options> <dump> <pass> UUID=77039a2a-83d4-47a1-8a8c-a2ec4e4dfd0e / ext4 defaults 0 1 UUID=F6549CC4549C88CF /media/Elements ntfs-3g users 0 0 $ sudo blkid /dev/sda1: LABEL="Elements" UUID="F6549CC4549C88CF" TYPE="ntfs" /dev/sdb1: LABEL="System Reserved" UUID="5CDE130FDE12E156" TYPE="ntfs" /dev/sdb2: UUID="A2B24EACB24E852F" TYPE="ntfs" /dev/sdb6: UUID="77039a2a-83d4-47a1-8a8c-a2ec4e4dfd0e" TYPE="ext4" $ sudo blkid -c /dev/null (appears to be exactly the same as above) /dev/sda1: LABEL="Elements" UUID="F6549CC4549C88CF" TYPE="ntfs" /dev/sdb1: LABEL="System Reserved" UUID="5CDE130FDE12E156" TYPE="ntfs" /dev/sdb2: UUID="A2B24EACB24E852F" TYPE="ntfs" /dev/sdb6: UUID="77039a2a-83d4-47a1-8a8c-a2ec4e4dfd0e" TYPE="ext4" $ mount /dev/sdb6 on / type ext4 (rw) proc on /proc type proc (rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev) sysfs on /sys type sysfs (rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev) none on /sys/fs/fuse/connections type fusectl (rw) none on /sys/kernel/debug type debugfs (rw) none on /sys/kernel/security type securityfs (rw) udev on /dev type devtmpfs (rw,mode=0755) devpts on /dev/pts type devpts (rw,noexec,nosuid,gid=5,mode=0620) tmpfs on /run type tmpfs (rw,noexec,nosuid,size=10%,mode=0755) none on /run/lock type tmpfs (rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev,size=5242880) none on /run/shm type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,nodev) /dev/sda1 on /media/Elements type fuseblk (rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev,allow_other,blksize=4096) binfmt_misc on /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc type binfmt_misc (rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev) /home/solderblob/.Private on /home/solderblob type ecryptfs (ecryptfs_check_dev_ruid,ecryptfs_cipher=aes,ecryptfs_key_bytes=16,ecryptfs_unlink_sigs,ecryptfs_sig=76a47b0175afa48d,ecryptfs_fnek_sig=391b2d8b155215f7) gvfs-fuse-daemon on /home/solderblob/.gvfs type fuse.gvfs-fuse-daemon (rw,nosuid,nodev,user=solderblob) /dev/sdb2 on /media/A2B24EACB24E852F type fuseblk (rw,nosuid,nodev,allow_other,default_permissions,blksize=4096) /dev/sdb1 on /media/System Reserved type fuseblk (rw,nosuid,nodev,allow_other,default_permissions,blksize=4096) $ ls -a . A2B24EACB24E852F Ubuntu 12.04.1 LTS amd64 .. Elements System Reserved $ cat /proc/mounts rootfs / rootfs rw 0 0 sysfs /sys sysfs rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime 0 0 proc /proc proc rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime 0 0 udev /dev devtmpfs rw,relatime,size=2013000k,nr_inodes=503250,mode=755 0 0 devpts /dev/pts devpts rw,nosuid,noexec,relatime,gid=5,mode=620,ptmxmode=000 0 0 tmpfs /run tmpfs rw,nosuid,relatime,size=809872k,mode=755 0 0 /dev/disk/by-uuid/77039a2a-83d4-47a1-8a8c-a2ec4e4dfd0e / ext4 rw,relatime,user_xattr,acl,barrier=1,data=ordered 0 0 none /sys/fs/fuse/connections fusectl rw,relatime 0 0 none /sys/kernel/debug debugfs rw,relatime 0 0 none /sys/kernel/security securityfs rw,relatime 0 0 none /run/lock tmpfs rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,size=5120k 0 0 none /run/shm tmpfs rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime 0 0 /dev/sda1 /media/Elements fuseblk rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,user_id=0,group_id=0,allow_other,blksize=4096 0 0 binfmt_misc /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc binfmt_misc rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime 0 0 /home/solderblob/.Private /home/solderblob ecryptfs rw,relatime,ecryptfs_fnek_sig=391b2d8b155215f7,ecryptfs_sig=76a47b0175afa48d,ecryptfs_cipher=aes,ecryptfs_key_bytes=16,ecryptfs_unlink_sigs 0 0 gvfs-fuse-daemon /home/solderblob/.gvfs fuse.gvfs-fuse-daemon rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime,user_id=1000,group_id=1000 0 0 /dev/sdb2 /media/A2B24EACB24E852F fuseblk rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime,user_id=0,group_id=0,default_permissions,allow_other,blksize=4096 0 0 /dev/sdb1 /media/System\040Reserved fuseblk rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime,user_id=0,group_id=0,default_permissions,allow_other,blksize=4096 0 0 gvfs-fuse-daemon /root/.gvfs fuse.gvfs-fuse-daemon rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime,user_id=0,group_id=0 0 0 $ fsck fsck from util-linux 2.20.1 e2fsck 1.42 (29-Nov-2011) /dev/sdb6 is mounted. WARNING!!! The filesystem is mounted. If you continue you ***WILL*** cause ***SEVERE*** filesystem damage. Do you really want to continue<n>? no check aborted.

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  • Improving Manageability of Virtual Environments

    - by Jeff Victor
    Boot Environments for Solaris 10 Branded Zones Until recently, Solaris 10 Branded Zones on Solaris 11 suffered one notable regression: Live Upgrade did not work. The individual packaging and patching tools work correctly, but the ability to upgrade Solaris while the production workload continued running did not exist. A recent Solaris 11 SRU (Solaris 11.1 SRU 6.4) restored most of that functionality, although with a slightly different concept, different commands, and without all of the feature details. This new method gives you the ability to create and manage multiple boot environments (BEs) for a Solaris 10 Branded Zone, and modify the active or any inactive BE, and to do so while the production workload continues to run. Background In case you are new to Solaris: Solaris includes a set of features that enables you to create a bootable Solaris image, called a Boot Environment (BE). This newly created image can be modified while the original BE is still running your workload(s). There are many benefits, including improved uptime and the ability to reboot into (or downgrade to) an older BE if a newer one has a problem. In Solaris 10 this set of features was named Live Upgrade. Solaris 11 applies the same basic concepts to the new packaging system (IPS) but there isn't a specific name for the feature set. The features are simply part of IPS. Solaris 11 Boot Environments are not discussed in this blog entry. Although a Solaris 10 system can have multiple BEs, until recently a Solaris 10 Branded Zone (BZ) in a Solaris 11 system did not have this ability. This limitation was addressed recently, and that enhancement is the subject of this blog entry. This new implementation uses two concepts. The first is the use of a ZFS clone for each BE. This makes it very easy to create a BE, or many BEs. This is a distinct advantage over the Live Upgrade feature set in Solaris 10, which had a practical limitation of two BEs on a system, when using UFS. The second new concept is a very simple mechanism to indicate the BE that should be booted: a ZFS property. The new ZFS property is named com.oracle.zones.solaris10:activebe (isn't that creative? ). It's important to note that the property is inherited from the original BE's file system to any BEs you create. In other words, all BEs in one zone have the same value for that property. When the (Solaris 11) global zone boots the Solaris 10 BZ, it boots the BE that has the name that is stored in the activebe property. Here is a quick summary of the actions you can use to manage these BEs: To create a BE: Create a ZFS clone of the zone's root dataset To activate a BE: Set the ZFS property of the root dataset to indicate the BE To add a package or patch to an inactive BE: Mount the inactive BE Add packages or patches to it Unmount the inactive BE To list the available BEs: Use the "zfs list" command. To destroy a BE: Use the "zfs destroy" command. Preparation Before you can use the new features, you will need a Solaris 10 BZ on a Solaris 11 system. You can use these three steps - on a real Solaris 11.1 server or in a VirtualBox guest running Solaris 11.1 - to create a Solaris 10 BZ. The Solaris 11.1 environment must be at SRU 6.4 or newer. Create a flash archive on the Solaris 10 system s10# flarcreate -n s10-system /net/zones/archives/s10-system.flar Configure the Solaris 10 BZ on the Solaris 11 system s11# zonecfg -z s10z Use 'create' to begin configuring a new zone. zonecfg:s10z create -t SYSsolaris10 zonecfg:s10z set zonepath=/zones/s10z zonecfg:s10z exit s11# zoneadm list -cv ID NAME STATUS PATH BRAND IP 0 global running / solaris shared - s10z configured /zones/s10z solaris10 excl Install the zone from the flash archive s11# zoneadm -z s10z install -a /net/zones/archives/s10-system.flar -p You can find more information about the migration of Solaris 10 environments to Solaris 10 Branded Zones in the documentation. The rest of this blog entry demonstrates the commands you can use to accomplish the aforementioned actions related to BEs. New features in action Note that the demonstration of the commands occurs in the Solaris 10 BZ, as indicated by the shell prompt "s10z# ". Many of these commands can be performed in the global zone instead, if you prefer. If you perform them in the global zone, you must change the ZFS file system names. Create The only complicated action is the creation of a BE. In the Solaris 10 BZ, create a new "boot environment" - a ZFS clone. You can assign any name to the final portion of the clone's name, as long as it meets the requirements for a ZFS file system name. s10z# zfs snapshot rpool/ROOT/zbe-0@snap s10z# zfs clone -o mountpoint=/ -o canmount=noauto rpool/ROOT/zbe-0@snap rpool/ROOT/newBE cannot mount 'rpool/ROOT/newBE' on '/': directory is not empty filesystem successfully created, but not mounted You can safely ignore that message: we already know that / is not empty! We have merely told ZFS that the default mountpoint for the clone is the root directory. List the available BEs and active BE Because each BE is represented by a clone of the rpool/ROOT dataset, listing the BEs is as simple as listing the clones. s10z# zfs list -r rpool/ROOT NAME USED AVAIL REFER MOUNTPOINT rpool/ROOT 3.55G 42.9G 31K legacy rpool/ROOT/zbe-0 1K 42.9G 3.55G / rpool/ROOT/newBE 3.55G 42.9G 3.55G / The output shows that two BEs exist. Their names are "zbe-0" and "newBE". You can tell Solaris that one particular BE should be used when the zone next boots by using a ZFS property. Its name is com.oracle.zones.solaris10:activebe. The value of that property is the name of the clone that contains the BE that should be booted. s10z# zfs get com.oracle.zones.solaris10:activebe rpool/ROOT NAME PROPERTY VALUE SOURCE rpool/ROOT com.oracle.zones.solaris10:activebe zbe-0 local Change the active BE When you want to change the BE that will be booted next time, you can just change the activebe property on the rpool/ROOT dataset. s10z# zfs get com.oracle.zones.solaris10:activebe rpool/ROOT NAME PROPERTY VALUE SOURCE rpool/ROOT com.oracle.zones.solaris10:activebe zbe-0 local s10z# zfs set com.oracle.zones.solaris10:activebe=newBE rpool/ROOT s10z# zfs get com.oracle.zones.solaris10:activebe rpool/ROOT NAME PROPERTY VALUE SOURCE rpool/ROOT com.oracle.zones.solaris10:activebe newBE local s10z# shutdown -y -g0 -i6 After the zone has rebooted: s10z# zfs get com.oracle.zones.solaris10:activebe rpool/ROOT rpool/ROOT com.oracle.zones.solaris10:activebe newBE local s10z# zfs mount rpool/ROOT/newBE / rpool/export /export rpool/export/home /export/home rpool /rpool Mount the original BE to see that it's still there. s10z# zfs mount -o mountpoint=/mnt rpool/ROOT/zbe-0 s10z# ls /mnt Desktop export platform Documents export.backup.20130607T214951Z proc S10Flar home rpool TT_DB kernel sbin bin lib system boot lost+found tmp cdrom mnt usr dev net var etc opt Patch an inactive BE At this point, you can modify the original BE. If you would prefer to modify the new BE, you can restore the original value to the activebe property and reboot, and then mount the new BE to /mnt (or another empty directory) and modify it. Let's mount the original BE so we can modify it. (The first command is only needed if you haven't already mounted that BE.) s10z# zfs mount -o mountpoint=/mnt rpool/ROOT/zbe-0 s10z# patchadd -R /mnt -M /var/sadm/spool 104945-02 Note that the typical usage will be: Create a BE Mount the new (inactive) BE Use the package and patch tools to update the new BE Unmount the new BE Reboot Delete an inactive BE ZFS clones are children of their parent file systems. In order to destroy the parent, you must first "promote" the child. This reverses the parent-child relationship. (For more information on this, see the documentation.) The original rpool/ROOT file system is the parent of the clones that you create as BEs. In order to destroy an earlier BE that is that parent of other BEs, you must first promote one of the child BEs to be the ZFS parent. Only then can you destroy the original BE. Fortunately, this is easier to do than to explain: s10z# zfs promote rpool/ROOT/newBE s10z# zfs destroy rpool/ROOT/zbe-0 s10z# zfs list -r rpool/ROOT NAME USED AVAIL REFER MOUNTPOINT rpool/ROOT 3.56G 269G 31K legacy rpool/ROOT/newBE 3.56G 269G 3.55G / Documentation This feature is so new, it is not yet described in the Solaris 11 documentation. However, MOS note 1558773.1 offers some details. Conclusion With this new feature, you can add and patch packages to boot environments of a Solaris 10 Branded Zone. This ability improves the manageability of these zones, and makes their use more practical. It also means that you can use the existing P2V tools with earlier Solaris 10 updates, and modify the environments after they become Solaris 10 Branded Zones.

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  • Unix LVM: how to resize root lvm

    - by Hussein Sabbagh
    I took over a virtual server at work after a co-worker left. He, however, setup the server incorrectly at multiple stages and im cleaning them up as I run into them... Currently I realized that the file system is broken in half onto 2 logical volumes both at 50gb. One is mounted as the root directory and the other as the /home directory. Saddly, the server has taken up 46gb of the root lv and i need to expand it. I have already shrunk and remounted the home lv. I resized the root lv, but I can't figure out how to unmount the root directory while the computer is on. Obviously this needs to be done before I can finalize the expansion, but I don't know how. I'd appreciate any help or pointing in the right direction. Thanks in advance. PS this is on a CentOS server.

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  • How to use qcow2 disk image in Linux?

    - by sauparna
    I have a large qcow2 formatted disk image, which I use as storage. Often I need to move data to and from this disk image. I mount the disk using the qemu-nbd tool as follows: modprobe nbd max_part=63 qemu-nbd -c /dev/nbd0 /host/disk100G.img mount /dev/nbd0p1 /home/rup/disk But disk access fails every now and then in the midst of some I/O operation with an "Input/output error". At that point I have to manually unmount the disk and re-mount it so that I can run the program again: qemu-nbd -d /dev/nbd0 umount joborkhaki/ What could be the reason for this? Is there a better tool that I can use to maintain a qcow2 disk image?

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  • Diagnose Issues with USB External Hard Drive

    - by Chris Lieb
    I have a 1TB SATA hard drive in a third-party USB enclosure hooked up to my computer via USB. The drive has become increasingly unreliable, randomly unmounting and remounting in Windows, making strange noises on occasion, and every once in a while making lots of noise and then unmounting, only fixable by powering down the enclosure, waiting a while, then powering it back up again. I am unsure if the hard drive or the enclosure is to blame. The random unmount/remount could be the enclosure, but the strange sounds are likely related to the hard drive. Given this uncertainty, I want to figure out which of the two items needs to be replaced. However, I do not know of a way to test each item separately since I do not have an extra SATA-to-USB enclosure to test the hard drive with or an extra SATA hard drive to test the enclosure with. Does anyone know how to figure out what's to blame so that I don't have to replace both unless it is absolutely necessary.

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  • XP Computer won't start (Missing/Corrupt 'System' file) - recently added new hard drive

    - by qwerty2
    Hi all, Pulling my hair out here. I recently replaced my D: 1TB drive (not a system drive) with a new 1.5TB drive. I loaded Windows XP, formatted the new drive and it was showing as working fine, alongside my C: windows system drive. I restart my machine and all of a sudden, Windows doesn't load and instead I get: "Windows could not start beause the following file is missing or corrupt" \WINDOWS\SYSTEM32\CONFIG\SYSTEM I don't have the original XP installation CD, although I do have another copy of XP, when I try and boot to it, I get the blue 'STOP' screen after it attempts to load the setup utlity for about a minute. Can someone please help? When I set up my new hard drive as a primary partition did this someone screw up my C: hard drive? Did it perhaps unmount it somehow? Any help would be fantastic. Thanks

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  • XP Computer won't start (Missing/Corrupt 'System' file) - recently added new hard drive

    - by qwerty2
    Hi all, Pulling my hair out here. I recently replaced my D: 1TB drive (not a system drive) with a new 1.5TB drive. I loaded Windows XP, formatted the new drive and it was showing as working fine, alongside my C: windows system drive. I restart my machine and all of a sudden, Windows doesn't load and instead I get: "Windows could not start beause the following file is missing or corrupt" \WINDOWS\SYSTEM32\CONFIG\SYSTEM I don't have the original XP installation CD, although I do have another copy of XP, when I try and boot to it, I get the blue 'STOP' screen after it attempts to load the setup utlity for about a minute. Can someone please help? When I set up my new hard drive as a primary partition did this someone screw up my C: hard drive? Did it perhaps unmount it somehow? Any help would be fantastic. Thanks

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  • can 'Percona MySQL Data Recovery' be used to recover dropped tables if the datadir filesystem is mounted as /

    - by Tom Geee
    according to Percona: Unmount the filesystem or make it read-only if... You have filesystem corruption OR You have dropped tables in innodb_file_per_table format If I have innodb_file_per_table enabled, and accidently dropped a table, while the datadir is mounted as within the / partition , can data still be recovered? Obviously you can't work with an unmounted root filesystem. Our VPS host has a defaulted filesystem table which we cannot customize. I was wondering in case of any future scenario. edit: would mounting the / filesystem through NFS onto another system as read-only be a workaround? TIA.

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  • How to rescan and remount drives on Ubuntu Hardy or Jaunty?

    - by pts
    When I connect an USB drive to an Ununtu Hardy and Jaunty system, the system mounts the partitions found on the drive, and opens a Nautilus window for each mounted partitions. Within Nautilus, I am able to unmount partitions. What I need is a command or action which forces the system to rescan the available drives and partitions, and automount each not mounted partition, including those which I've manually unmounted from Nautilus. sudo /etc/init.d/udev restart or ... reload doesn't do this. As of now, I just unplug the USB drive, and commect it again, which will force a scan and a mount on that drive. But I want to do force the rescan and remount without unplugging anything, preferably without the user having the know device or drive names.

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  • Determining what files are considered open in Mac OSX

    - by Doug
    Hi all; Apologies if this has been discussed previously... I did a stack overflow and google search but probably didn't use the right keywords. Anyway, is there an easy way to determine what files are open on Mac OS X? I had an issue in which I could not unmount a firewire HD until I closed all running apps. Turns out keychain access had a reference to a file on the HD, but it begged the question: how to find out what files are open and what app (or apps) has the file open? Thanks in advance and again apologies if this has been covered previously. Doug.

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