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• std::map keys in C++

  - by Soumava

  I have a requirement to create two different maps in C++. The Key is of type CHAR * and the Value is a pointer to a struct. I am filling 2 maps with these pairs, in separate iterations. After creating both maps I need find all such instances in which the value of the string referenced by the CHAR * are same. For this i am using the following code : typedef struct _STRUCTTYPE { .. } STRUCTTYPE, *PSTRUCTTYPE; typedef pair {CHAR *,PSTRUCTTYPE} kvpair; .. CHAR *xyz; PSTRUCTTYPE abc; after filling the information; Map.insert (kvpair(xyz,abc)); the above is repeated x times for the first map, and y times for the second map. after both are filled out; std::map {CHAR *, PSTRUCTTYPE} :: iterator Iter,findIter; for (Iter=iteratedMap-begin();Iter!=iteratedMap-end();mapIterator++) { char *key = Iter-first; printf("%s\n",key); findIter=otherMap-find(key); //printf("%u",findIter-second); if (findIter!=otherMap-end()) { printf("Match!\n"); } } The above code does not show any match, although the list of keys in both maps show obvious matches. My understanding is that the equals operator for CHAR * just equates the memory address of the pointers. My question is, what should i do to alter the equals operator for this type of key or could I use a different datatype for the string? *note : {} has been used instead of angle brackets as the content inside angle brackets was not showing up in the post.

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• How can one make a 'passthru' function in C++ using macros or metaprogramming?

  - by Ryan

  So I have a series of global functions, say: foo_f1(int a, int b, char *c); foo_f2(int a); foo_f3(char *a); I want to make a C++ wrapper around these, something like: MyFoo::f1(int a, int b, char* c); MyFoo::f2(int a); MyFoo::f3(char* a); There's about 40 functions like this, 35 of them I just want to pass through to the global function, the other 5 I want to do something different with. Ideally the implementation of MyFoo.cpp would be something like: PASSTHRU( f1, (int a, int b, char *c) ); PASSTHRU( f2, (int a) ); MyFoo::f3(char *a) { //do my own thing here } But I'm having trouble figuring out an elegant way to make the above PASSTHRU macro. What I really need is something like the mythical X getArgs() below: MyFoo::f1(int a, int b, char *c) { X args = getArgs(); args++; //skip past implicit this.. ::f1(args); //pass args to global function } But short of dropping into assembly I can't find a good implementation of getArgs().

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• How do I create a curved line or filled circle or generally a circle using C++/SDL?

  - by NoobScratcher

  Hello I've been trying for ages to make a pixel circle using the putpixel function provided by SDL main website here is that function : void putpixel(int x,int y , int color , SDL_Surface* surface) { unsigned int *ptr = static_cast <unsigned int *> (surface->pixels); int offset = y * (surface->pitch/sizeof(unsigned int)); ptr[offset + x] = color; } and my question is how do I curve a line or create an circle arc of pixels or any other curved shape then a rectangle or singular pixel or line. for example here are some pictures filled pixel circle below enter link description here now my idea was too change the x and y value of the pixel position using + and - to create the curves but in practice didn't provide the correct results what my results are in this is to be able to create a circle that is made out of pixels only nothing else. thank you for anyone who takes the time to read this question thanks! :D

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• Processing Text and Binary (Blob, ArrayBuffer, ArrayBufferView) Payload in WebSocket - (TOTD #185)

  - by arungupta

  The WebSocket API defines different send(xxx) methods that can be used to send text and binary data. This Tip Of The Day (TOTD) will show how to send and receive text and binary data using WebSocket. TOTD #183 explains how to get started with a WebSocket endpoint using GlassFish 4. A simple endpoint from that blog looks like: @WebSocketEndpoint("/endpoint") public class MyEndpoint { public void receiveTextMessage(String message) { . . . } } A message with the first parameter of the type String is invoked when a text payload is received. The payload of the incoming WebSocket frame is mapped to this first parameter. An optional second parameter, Session, can be specified to map to the "other end" of this conversation. For example: public void receiveTextMessage(String message, Session session) {     . . . } The return type is void and that means no response is returned to the client that invoked this endpoint. A response may be returned to the client in two different ways. First, set the return type to the expected type, such as: public String receiveTextMessage(String message) { String response = . . . . . . return response; } In this case a text payload is returned back to the invoking endpoint. The second way to send a response back is to use the mapped session to send response using one of the sendXXX methods in Session, when and if needed. public void receiveTextMessage(String message, Session session) {     . . .     RemoteEndpoint remote = session.getRemote();     remote.sendString(...);     . . .     remote.sendString(...);    . . .    remote.sendString(...); } This shows how duplex and asynchronous communication between the two endpoints can be achieved. This can be used to define different message exchange patterns between the client and server. The WebSocket client can send the message as: websocket.send(myTextField.value); where myTextField is a text field in the web page. Binary payload in the incoming WebSocket frame can be received if ByteBuffer is used as the first parameter of the method signature. The endpoint method signature in that case would look like: public void receiveBinaryMessage(ByteBuffer message) {     . . . } From the client side, the binary data can be sent using Blob, ArrayBuffer, and ArrayBufferView. Blob is a just raw data and the actual interpretation is left to the application. ArrayBuffer and ArrayBufferView are defined in the TypedArray specification and are designed to send binary data using WebSocket. In short, ArrayBuffer is a fixed-length binary buffer with no format and no mechanism for accessing its contents. These buffers are manipulated using one of the views defined by one of the subclasses of ArrayBufferView listed below: Int8Array (signed 8-bit integer or char) Uint8Array (unsigned 8-bit integer or unsigned char) Int16Array (signed 16-bit integer or short) Uint16Array (unsigned 16-bit integer or unsigned short) Int32Array (signed 32-bit integer or int) Uint32Array (unsigned 16-bit integer or unsigned int) Float32Array (signed 32-bit float or float) Float64Array (signed 64-bit float or double) WebSocket can send binary data using ArrayBuffer with a view defined by a subclass of ArrayBufferView or a subclass of ArrayBufferView itself. The WebSocket client can send the message using Blob as: blob = new Blob([myField2.value]);websocket.send(blob); where myField2 is a text field in the web page. The WebSocket client can send the message using ArrayBuffer as: var buffer = new ArrayBuffer(10);var bytes = new Uint8Array(buffer);for (var i=0; i<bytes.length; i++) { bytes[i] = i;}websocket.send(buffer); A concrete implementation of receiving the binary message may look like: @WebSocketMessagepublic void echoBinary(ByteBuffer data, Session session) throws IOException {    System.out.println("echoBinary: " + data);    for (byte b : data.array()) {        System.out.print(b);    }    session.getRemote().sendBytes(data);} This method is just printing the binary data for verification but you may actually be storing it in a database or converting to an image or something more meaningful. Be aware of TYRUS-51 if you are trying to send binary data from server to client using method return type. Here are some references for you: JSR 356: Java API for WebSocket - Specification (Early Draft) and Implementation (already integrated in GlassFish 4 promoted builds) TOTD #183 - Getting Started with WebSocket in GlassFish TOTD #184 - Logging WebSocket Frames using Chrome Developer Tools, Net-internals and Wireshark Subsequent blogs will discuss the following topics (not necessary in that order) ... Error handling Custom payloads using encoder/decoder Interface-driven WebSocket endpoint Java client API Client and Server configuration Security Subprotocols Extensions Other topics from the API

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• Reworking my singly linked list

  - by Stradigos

  Hello everyone, thanks for taking the time to stop by my question. Below you will find my working SLL, but I want to make more use of C# and, instead of having two classes, SLL and Node, I want to use Node's constructors to do all the work (To where if you pass a string through the node, the constructor will chop it up into char nodes). The problem is, after an a few hours of tinkering, I'm not really getting anywhere... using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Text; using System.IO; namespace PalindromeTester { class Program { static void Main(string[] args) { SLL mySLL = new SLL(); mySLL.add('a'); mySLL.add('b'); mySLL.add('c'); mySLL.add('d'); mySLL.add('e'); mySLL.add('f'); Console.Out.WriteLine("Node count = " + mySLL.count); mySLL.reverse(); mySLL.traverse(); Console.Out.WriteLine("\n The header is: " + mySLL.gethead); Console.In.ReadLine(); } class Node { private char letter; private Node next; public Node() { next = null; } public Node(char c) { this.data = c; } public Node(string s) { } public char data { get { return letter; } set { letter = value; } } public Node nextNode { get { return next; } set { next = value; } } } class SLL { private Node head; private int totalNode; public SLL() { head = null; totalNode = 0; } public void add(char s) { if (head == null) { head = new Node(); head.data = s; } else { Node temp; temp = new Node(); temp.data = s; temp.nextNode = head; head = temp; } totalNode++; } public int count { get { return totalNode; } } public char gethead { get { return head.data; } } public void traverse() { Node temp = head; while(temp != null) { Console.Write(temp.data + " "); temp = temp.nextNode; } } public void reverse() { Node q = null; Node p = this.head; while(p!=null) { Node r=p; p=p.nextNode; r.nextNode=q; q=r; } this.head = q; } } } } Here's what I have so far in trying to work it into Node's constructors: using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Text; using System.IO; namespace PalindromeTester { class Program { static void Main(string[] args) { //Node myList = new Node(); //TextReader tr = new StreamReader("data.txt"); //string line; //while ((line = tr.ReadLine()) != null) //{ // Console.WriteLine(line); //} //tr.Close(); Node myNode = new Node("hello"); Console.Out.WriteLine(myNode.count); myNode.reverse(); myNode.traverse(); // Console.Out.WriteLine(myNode.gethead); Console.In.ReadLine(); } class Node { private char letter; private Node next; private Node head; private int totalNode; public Node() { head = null; totalNode = 0; } public Node(char c) { if (head == null) { head = new Node(); head.data = c; } else { Node temp; temp = new Node(); temp.data = c; temp.nextNode = head; head = temp; } totalNode++; } public Node(string s) { foreach (char x in s) { new Node(x); } } public char data { get { return letter; } set { letter = value; } } public Node nextNode { get { return next; } set { next = value; } } public void reverse() { Node q = null; Node p = this.head; while (p != null) { Node r = p; p = p.nextNode; r.nextNode = q; q = r; } this.head = q; } public void traverse() { Node temp = head; while (temp != null) { Console.Write(temp.data + " "); temp = temp.nextNode; } } public int count { get { return totalNode; } } } } } Ideally, the only constructors and methods I would be left with are Node(), Node(char c), Node(string s), Node reserve() and I'll be reworking traverse into a ToString overload. Any suggestions?

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• spoof mac address

  - by Cold-Blooded

  // macaddress.cpp : Defines the entry point for the console application. // #include "stdafx.h" #include <windows.h> #include <iostream> using namespace std; void readregistry(); void spoofmac(); void main(int argc, char* argv[]) { readregistry(); spoofmac(); } void spoofmac() { ////////////////////// ////////Write to Registry char buffer[60]; unsigned long size = sizeof(buffer); HKEY software; LPCTSTR location; char adapternum[10]=""; char numbers[11]="0123456789"; char editlocation[]="System\\CurrentControlSet\\Control\\Class\\{4D36E972-E325-11CE-BFC1-08002bE10318}\\0000"; char macaddress[60]; cout << "\n//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////\nPlease Enter Number of Network Adapter to Spoof or type 'E' to Exit.\nE.g. 18\n\nNumber: "; cin >> adapternum; if (adapternum[0]=='E') { exit(0); } if (strlen(adapternum)==2) { editlocation[strlen(editlocation)-2]=adapternum[0]; editlocation[strlen(editlocation)-1]=adapternum[1]; } if (strlen(adapternum)==1) { editlocation[strlen(editlocation)-1]=adapternum[0]; } if (strlen(adapternum)!=1 && strlen(adapternum)!=2) { cout << "Invaild Network Adapter Chosen\n\n"; exit(0); } cout << "Please Enter the Desired Spoofed Mac Address Without Dashes\nE.g. 00123F0F6D7F\n\nNew Mac: "; cin >> macaddress; location = editlocation; //error line strcpy(buffer,macaddress); size=sizeof(buffer); RegCreateKey(HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE,location,&software); //RegSetValueEx(software,"NetworkAddress",NULL,REG_SZ,(LPBYTE)buffer,size); RegCloseKey(software); cout << "\nMac Address Successfully Spoofed.\n\nWritten by Lyth0s\n\n"; } void readregistry () { //////////////////////////////////// // Read From Registry char driver[60]=""; char mac[60]=""; char numbers[11]="0123456789"; char editlocation[]="System\\CurrentControlSet\\Control\\Class\\{4D36E972-E325-11CE-BFC1-08002bE10318}\\0000"; unsigned long driversize = sizeof(driver); unsigned long macsize = sizeof(mac); DWORD type; HKEY software; LPCTSTR location; int tenscount=0; int onescount=0; for (int x =0;x<=19; x+=1) { strcpy(driver,""); driversize=sizeof(driver); strcpy(mac,""); macsize=sizeof(mac); if (editlocation[strlen(editlocation)-1]=='9') { tenscount+=1; onescount=0; editlocation[strlen(editlocation)-2]=numbers[tenscount]; } editlocation[strlen(editlocation)-1]=numbers[onescount]; location=editlocation; //error line // cout << location << "\n"; // cout << "Checking 00" << location[strlen(location)-2] << location[strlen(location)-1] << "\n\n"; RegCreateKey(HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE,location,&software); RegQueryValueEx(software,"DriverDesc",NULL,&type,(LPBYTE)driver,&driversize); //RegCloseKey(software); //RegCreateKey(HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE,location,&software); RegQueryValueEx(software,"NetworkAddress",NULL,&type,(LPBYTE)mac,&macsize); RegCloseKey(software); cout << x << ": " << driver << "| Mac: " << mac << "\n"; onescount+=1; } } this program gives error as follows error C2440: '=' : cannot convert from 'char [83]' to 'LPCTSTR' why this error coming please explain

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• float addition 2.5 + 2.5 = 4.0? RPN

  - by AJ Clou

  The code below is my subprogram to do reverse polish notation calculations... basically +, -, *, and /. Everything works in the program except when I try to add 2.5 and 2.5 the program gives me 4.0... I think I have an idea why, but I'm not sure how to fix it... Right now I am reading all the numbers and operators in from command line as required by this assignment, then taking that string and using sscanf to get the numbers out of it... I am thinking that somehow the array that contains the three characters '2', '.', and '5', is not being totally converted to a float... instead i think just the '2' is. Could someone please take a look at my code and either confirm or deny this, and possibly tell me how to fix it so that i get the proper answer? Thank you in advance for any help! float fsm (char mystring[]) { int i = -1, j, k = 0, state = 0; float num1, num2, ans; char temp[10]; c_stack top; c_init_stack (&top); while (1) { switch (state) { case 0: i++; if ((mystring[i]) == ' ') { state = 0; } else if ((isdigit (mystring[i])) || (mystring[i] == '.')) { state = 1; } else if ((mystring[i]) == '\0') { state = 3; } else { state = 4; } break; case 1: temp[k] = mystring[i]; k++; i++; if ((isdigit (mystring[i])) || (mystring[i] == '.')) { state = 1; } else { state = 2; } break; case 2: temp[k] = '\0'; sscanf (temp, "%f", &num1); c_push (&top, num1); i--; k = 0; state = 0; break; case 3: ans = c_pop (&top); if (c_is_empty (top)) return ans; else { printf ("There are still items on the stack\n"); exit (0); case 4: num2 = c_pop (&top); num1 = c_pop (&top); if (mystring[i] == '+'){ ans = num1 + num2; return ans; } else if (mystring[i] == '-'){ ans = num1 - num2; return ans; } else if (mystring[i] == '*'){ ans = num1 * num2; return ans; } else if (mystring[i] == '/'){ if (num2){ ans = num1 / num2; return ans; } else{ printf ("Error: cannot divide by 0\n"); exit (0); } } c_push (&top, ans); state = 0; break; } } } } Here is my main program: #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include "boolean.h" #include "c_stack.h" #include <string.h> int main(int argc, char *argv[]) { char mystring[100]; int i; sscanf("", "%s", mystring); for (i=1; i<argc; i++){ strcat(mystring, argv[i]); strcat(mystring, " "); } printf("%.2f\n", fsm(mystring)); } and here is the header file with prototypes and the definition for c_stack: #include "boolean.h" #ifndef CSTACK_H #define CSTACK_H typedef struct c_stacknode{ char data; struct c_stacknode *next; } *c_stack; #endif void c_init_stack(c_stack *); boolean c_is_full(void); boolean c_is_empty(c_stack); void c_push(c_stack *,char); char c_pop(c_stack *); void print_c_stack(c_stack); boolean is_open(char); boolean is_brother(char, char); float fsm(char[]);

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• xutility file???

  - by user574290

  Hi all. I'm trying to use c code with opencv in face detection and counting, but I cannot build the source. I am trying to compile my project and I am having a lot of problems with a line in the xutility file. the error message show that it error with xutility file. Please help me, how to solve this problem? this is my code // Include header files #include "stdafx.h" #include "cv.h" #include "highgui.h" #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <string.h> #include <assert.h> #include <math.h> #include <float.h> #include <limits.h> #include <time.h> #include <ctype.h> #include <iostream> #include <fstream> #include <vector> using namespace std; #ifdef _EiC #define WIN32 #endif int countfaces=0; int numFaces = 0; int k=0 ; int list=0; char filelist[512][512]; int timeCount = 0; static CvMemStorage* storage = 0; static CvHaarClassifierCascade* cascade = 0; void detect_and_draw( IplImage* image ); void WriteInDB(); int found_face(IplImage* img,CvPoint pt1,CvPoint pt2); int load_DB(char * filename); const char* cascade_name = "C:\\Program Files\\OpenCV\\OpenCV2.1\\data\\haarcascades\\haarcascade_frontalface_alt_tree.xml"; // BEGIN NEW CODE #define WRITEVIDEO char* outputVideo = "c:\\face_counting1_tracked.avi"; //int faceCount = 0; int posBuffer = 100; int persistDuration = 10; //faces can drop out for 10 frames int timestamp = 0; float sameFaceDistThreshold = 30; //pixel distance CvPoint facePositions[100]; int facePositionsTimestamp[100]; float distance( CvPoint a, CvPoint b ) { float dist = sqrt(float ( (a.x-b.x)*(a.x-b.x) + (a.y-b.y)*(a.y-b.y) ) ); return dist; } void expirePositions() { for (int i = 0; i < posBuffer; i++) { if (facePositionsTimestamp[i] <= (timestamp - persistDuration)) //if a tracked pos is older than three frames { facePositions[i] = cvPoint(999,999); } } } void updateCounter(CvPoint center) { bool newFace = true; for(int i = 0; i < posBuffer; i++) { if (distance(center, facePositions[i]) < sameFaceDistThreshold) { facePositions[i] = center; facePositionsTimestamp[i] = timestamp; newFace = false; break; } } if(newFace) { //push out oldest tracker for(int i = 1; i < posBuffer; i++) { facePositions[i] = facePositions[i - 1]; } //put new tracked position on top of stack facePositions[0] = center; facePositionsTimestamp[0] = timestamp; countfaces++; } } void drawCounter(IplImage* image) { // Create Font char buffer[5]; CvFont font; cvInitFont(&font, CV_FONT_HERSHEY_SIMPLEX, .5, .5, 0, 1); cvPutText(image, "Faces:", cvPoint(20, 20), &font, CV_RGB(0,255,0)); cvPutText(image, itoa(countfaces, buffer, 10), cvPoint(80, 20), &font, CV_RGB(0,255,0)); } #ifdef WRITEVIDEO CvVideoWriter* videoWriter = cvCreateVideoWriter(outputVideo, -1, 30, cvSize(240, 180)); #endif //END NEW CODE int main( int argc, char** argv ) { CvCapture* capture = 0; IplImage *frame, *frame_copy = 0; int optlen = strlen("--cascade="); const char* input_name; if( argc > 1 && strncmp( argv[1], "--cascade=", optlen ) == 0 ) { cascade_name = argv[1] + optlen; input_name = argc > 2 ? argv[2] : 0; } else { cascade_name = "C:\\Program Files\\OpenCV\\OpenCV2.1\\data\\haarcascades\\haarcascade_frontalface_alt_tree.xml"; input_name = argc > 1 ? argv[1] : 0; } cascade = (CvHaarClassifierCascade*)cvLoad( cascade_name, 0, 0, 0 ); if( !cascade ) { fprintf( stderr, "ERROR: Could not load classifier cascade\n" ); fprintf( stderr, "Usage: facedetect --cascade=\"<cascade_path>\" [filename|camera_index]\n" ); return -1; } storage = cvCreateMemStorage(0); //if( !input_name || (isdigit(input_name[0]) && input_name[1] == '\0') ) // capture = cvCaptureFromCAM( !input_name ? 0 : input_name[0] - '0' ); //else capture = cvCaptureFromAVI( "c:\\face_counting1.avi" ); cvNamedWindow( "result", 1 ); if( capture ) { for(;;) { if( !cvGrabFrame( capture )) break; frame = cvRetrieveFrame( capture ); if( !frame ) break; if( !frame_copy ) frame_copy = cvCreateImage( cvSize(frame->width,frame->height), IPL_DEPTH_8U, frame->nChannels ); if( frame->origin == IPL_ORIGIN_TL ) cvCopy( frame, frame_copy, 0 ); else cvFlip( frame, frame_copy, 0 ); detect_and_draw( frame_copy ); if( cvWaitKey( 30 ) >= 0 ) break; } cvReleaseImage( &frame_copy ); cvReleaseCapture( &capture ); } else { if( !input_name || (isdigit(input_name[0]) && input_name[1] == '\0')) cvNamedWindow( "result", 1 ); const char* filename = input_name ? input_name : (char*)"lena.jpg"; IplImage* image = cvLoadImage( filename, 1 ); if( image ) { detect_and_draw( image ); cvWaitKey(0); cvReleaseImage( &image ); } else { /* assume it is a text file containing the list of the image filenames to be processed - one per line */ FILE* f = fopen( filename, "rt" ); if( f ) { char buf[1000+1]; while( fgets( buf, 1000, f ) ) { int len = (int)strlen(buf); while( len > 0 && isspace(buf[len-1]) ) len--; buf[len] = '\0'; image = cvLoadImage( buf, 1 ); if( image ) { detect_and_draw( image ); cvWaitKey(0); cvReleaseImage( &image ); } } fclose(f); } } } cvDestroyWindow("result"); #ifdef WRITEVIDEO cvReleaseVideoWriter(&videoWriter); #endif return 0; } void detect_and_draw( IplImage* img ) { static CvScalar colors[] = { {{0,0,255}}, {{0,128,255}}, {{0,255,255}}, {{0,255,0}}, {{255,128,0}}, {{255,255,0}}, {{255,0,0}}, {{255,0,255}} }; double scale = 1.3; IplImage* gray = cvCreateImage( cvSize(img->width,img->height), 8, 1 ); IplImage* small_img = cvCreateImage( cvSize( cvRound (img->width/scale), cvRound (img->height/scale)), 8, 1 ); CvPoint pt1, pt2; int i; cvCvtColor( img, gray, CV_BGR2GRAY ); cvResize( gray, small_img, CV_INTER_LINEAR ); cvEqualizeHist( small_img, small_img ); cvClearMemStorage( storage ); if( cascade ) { double t = (double)cvGetTickCount(); CvSeq* faces = cvHaarDetectObjects( small_img, cascade, storage, 1.1, 2, 0/*CV_HAAR_DO_CANNY_PRUNING*/, cvSize(30, 30) ); t = (double)cvGetTickCount() - t; printf( "detection time = %gms\n", t/((double)cvGetTickFrequency()*1000.) ); if (faces) { //To save the detected faces into separate images, here's a quick and dirty code: char filename[6]; for( i = 0; i < (faces ? faces->total : 0); i++ ) { /* CvRect* r = (CvRect*)cvGetSeqElem( faces, i ); CvPoint center; int radius; center.x = cvRound((r->x + r->width*0.5)*scale); center.y = cvRound((r->y + r->height*0.5)*scale); radius = cvRound((r->width + r->height)*0.25*scale); cvCircle( img, center, radius, colors[i%8], 3, 8, 0 );*/ // Create a new rectangle for drawing the face CvRect* r = (CvRect*)cvGetSeqElem( faces, i ); // Find the dimensions of the face,and scale it if necessary pt1.x = r->x*scale; pt2.x = (r->x+r->width)*scale; pt1.y = r->y*scale; pt2.y = (r->y+r->height)*scale; // Draw the rectangle in the input image cvRectangle( img, pt1, pt2, CV_RGB(255,0,0), 3, 8, 0 ); CvPoint center; int radius; center.x = cvRound((r->x + r->width*0.5)*scale); center.y = cvRound((r->y + r->height*0.5)*scale); radius = cvRound((r->width + r->height)*0.25*scale); cvCircle( img, center, radius, CV_RGB(255,0,0), 3, 8, 0 ); //update counter updateCounter(center); int y=found_face(img,pt1,pt2); if(y==0) countfaces++; }//end for printf("Number of detected faces: %d\t",countfaces); }//end if //delete old track positions from facePositions array expirePositions(); timestamp++; //draw counter drawCounter(img); #ifdef WRITEVIDEO cvWriteFrame(videoWriter, img); #endif cvShowImage( "result", img ); cvDestroyWindow("Result"); cvReleaseImage( &gray ); cvReleaseImage( &small_img ); }//end if } //end void int found_face(IplImage* img,CvPoint pt1,CvPoint pt2) { /*if (faces) {*/ CvSeq* faces = cvHaarDetectObjects( img, cascade, storage, 1.1, 2, CV_HAAR_DO_CANNY_PRUNING, cvSize(40, 40) ); int i=0; char filename[512]; for( i = 0; i < (faces ? faces->total : 0); i++ ) {//int scale = 1, i=0; //i=iface; //char filename[512]; /* extract the rectanlges only */ // CvRect face_rect = *(CvRect*)cvGetSeqElem( faces, i); CvRect face_rect = *(CvRect*)cvGetSeqElem( faces, i); //IplImage* gray_img = cvCreateImage( cvGetSize(img), IPL_DEPTH_8U, 1 ); IplImage* clone = cvCreateImage (cvSize(img->width, img->height), IPL_DEPTH_8U, img->nChannels ); IplImage* gray = cvCreateImage (cvSize(img->width, img->height), IPL_DEPTH_8U, 1 ); cvCopy (img, clone, 0); cvNamedWindow ("ROI", CV_WINDOW_AUTOSIZE); cvCvtColor( clone, gray, CV_RGB2GRAY ); face_rect.x = pt1.x; face_rect.y = pt1.y; face_rect.width = abs(pt1.x - pt2.x); face_rect.height = abs(pt1.y - pt2.y); cvSetImageROI ( gray, face_rect); //// * rectangle = cvGetImageROI ( clone ); face_rect = cvGetImageROI ( gray ); cvShowImage ("ROI", gray); k++; char *name=0; name=(char*) calloc(512, 1); sprintf(name, "Image%d.pgm", k); cvSaveImage(name, gray); //////////////// for(int j=0;j<512;j++) filelist[list][j]=name[j]; list++; WriteInDB(); //int found=SIFT("result.txt",name); cvResetImageROI( gray ); //return found; return 0; // }//end if }//end for }//end void void WriteInDB() { ofstream myfile; myfile.open ("result.txt"); for(int i=0;i<512;i++) { if(strcmp(filelist[i],"")!=0) myfile << filelist[i]<<"\n"; } myfile.close(); } Error 3 error C4430: missing type specifier - int assumed. Note: C++ does not support default-int Error 8 error C4430: missing type specifier - int assumed. Note: C++ does not support default-int Error 13 error C4430: missing type specifier - int assumed. Note: C++ does not support default-int c:\program files\microsoft visual studio 9.0\vc\include\xutility 766 Error 18 error C4430: missing type specifier - int assumed. Note: C++ does not support default-int c:\program files\microsoft visual studio 9.0\vc\include\xutility 768 Error 23 error C4430: missing type specifier - int assumed. Note: C++ does not support default-int c:\program files\microsoft visual studio 9.0\vc\include\xutility 769 Error 10 error C2868: 'std::iterator_traits<_Iter>::value_type' : illegal syntax for using-declaration; expected qualified-name c:\program files\microsoft visual studio 9.0\vc\include\xutility 765 Error 25 error C2868: 'std::iterator_traits<_Iter>::reference' : illegal syntax for using-declaration; expected qualified-name c:\program files\microsoft visual studio 9.0\vc\include\xutility 769 Error 20 error C2868: 'std::iterator_traits<_Iter>::pointer' : illegal syntax for using-declaration; expected qualified-name c:\program files\microsoft visual studio 9.0\vc\include\xutility 768 Error 5 error C2868: 'std::iterator_traits<_Iter>::iterator_category' : illegal syntax for using-declaration; expected qualified-name c:\program files\microsoft visual studio 9.0\vc\include\xutility 764 Error 15 error C2868: 'std::iterator_traits<_Iter>::difference_type' : illegal syntax for using-declaration; expected qualified-name c:\program files\microsoft visual studio 9.0\vc\include\xutility 766 Error 9 error C2602: 'std::iterator_traits<_Iter>::value_type' is not a member of a base class of 'std::iterator_traits<_Iter>' c:\program files\microsoft visual studio 9.0\vc\include\xutility 765 Error 24 error C2602: 'std::iterator_traits<_Iter>::reference' is not a member of a base class of 'std::iterator_traits<_Iter>' c:\program files\microsoft visual studio 9.0\vc\include\xutility 769 Error 19 error C2602: 'std::iterator_traits<_Iter>::pointer' is not a member of a base class of 'std::iterator_traits<_Iter>' c:\program files\microsoft visual studio 9.0\vc\include\xutility 768 Error 4 error C2602: 'std::iterator_traits<_Iter>::iterator_category' is not a member of a base class of 'std::iterator_traits<_Iter>' c:\program files\microsoft visual studio 9.0\vc\include\xutility 764 Error 14 error C2602: 'std::iterator_traits<_Iter>::difference_type' is not a member of a base class of 'std::iterator_traits<_Iter>' c:\program files\microsoft visual studio 9.0\vc\include\xutility 766 Error 7 error C2146: syntax error : missing ';' before identifier 'value_type' c:\program files\microsoft visual studio 9.0\vc\include\xutility 765 Error 22 error C2146: syntax error : missing ';' before identifier 'reference' c:\program files\microsoft visual studio 9.0\vc\include\xutility 769 Error 17 error C2146: syntax error : missing ';' before identifier 'pointer' c:\program files\microsoft visual studio 9.0\vc\include\xutility 768 Error 2 error C2146: syntax error : missing ';' before identifier 'iterator_category' c:\program files\microsoft visual studio 9.0\vc\include\xutility 764 Error 12 error C2146: syntax error : missing ';' before identifier 'difference_type' c:\program files\microsoft visual studio 9.0\vc\include\xutility 766 Error 6 error C2039: 'value_type' : is not a member of 'CvPoint' c:\program files\microsoft visual studio 9.0\vc\include\xutility 765 Error 21 error C2039: 'reference' : is not a member of 'CvPoint' c:\program files\microsoft visual studio 9.0\vc\include\xutility 769 Error 16 error C2039: 'pointer' : is not a member of 'CvPoint' c:\program files\microsoft visual studio 9.0\vc\include\xutility 768 Error 1 error C2039: 'iterator_category' : is not a member of 'CvPoint' c:\program files\microsoft visual studio 9.0\vc\include\xutility 764 Error 11 error C2039: 'difference_type' : is not a member of 'CvPoint' c:\program files\microsoft visual studio 9.0\vc\include\xutility 766

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• Multiple constructors in C

  - by meepz

  Hello, I am making a string class in C as a homework and I was wondering how I can make multiple constructors with the same name given the parameter. The commented out area is what I tried to do with results from a few searches but that gives me errors. Pretty much I have some cases where I want to create my new string without any parameter then in other cases create a string with a pointer to character. Here is mystring.h #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> typedef struct mystring { char * c; int length; int (*sLength)(void * s); char (*charAt)(void * s, int i); int (*compareTo)(void * s1, void * s2); struct mystring * (*concat)(void * s1, void * s2); struct mystring * (*subString)(void * s, int begin, int end); void (*printS)(void * s); } string_t; typedef string_t * String; String newString(char * c); String newString2(); int slength(void * s); char charat(void * S, int i); int compareto(void * s1, void * s2); String concat(void * s1, void * s2); String substring(void * S, int begin, int end); void printstring(void * s); And here is mystring.c #include "mystring.h" String newString(){ } String newString(char * input){ //String newString::newString(char * input) { String s; s = (string_t *) malloc(sizeof(string_t)); s->c = (char *) malloc(sizeof(char) * 20); int i = 0; if (input == NULL){ s->c[0] = '\0'; return s; } while (input[i] != '\0') { s->c[i] = input[i]; i++; } //functions s->sLength = slength; s->charAt = charat; s->compareTo = compareto; s->concat = concat; s->subString = substring; s->printS = printstring; return s; }

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• Why touching "d_name" makes calls to readdir() fail?

  - by Sarah Mani

  Hi, I'm trying to write a little helper for Windows which eventually will accept a file extension as an argument and return the number of files of that kind in the current directory. To do so, I'm reading the file entries in the directories and after getting the extension I'd like to convert it to lowercase to compare it with the yet-to-add specified argument. When converting the extension to lowercase I found that touching even a duplicate string of the d_name variable will cause a strange behaviour, like no more calls to readdir are called. Here is the code I'm using right now (the commented code is preliminary) and outputs for a given directory: #include <ctype.h> #include <dirent.h> #include <stdio.h> #include <string.h> char * strrch(char *string, size_t elements, char character) { char *reverse = string + elements; while (--reverse != string) if (*reverse == character) return reverse; return NULL; } void test(char *string) { // Even being a duplicate will make it fail: char *str = strdup(string); printf("Strings: %s %s\n", string, str); *str = 'a'; printf("Strings: %s %s\n", string, str); //unsigned short int i = 0; //for (; str[i] != '\0', str++; i++) // str[i] = tolower((unsigned char) str[i]); //puts(str); } int main(int argc, char **argv) { DIR *directory; struct dirent *element; if (directory = opendir(".")) { while (element = readdir(directory)) test(strrch(element->d_name, element->d_namlen, '.')); closedir(directory); puts(NULL); } else puts("Couldn't open the directory.\n"); } Output without modifying the duplicate (modification and the second printf call commented): Strings: (null) (null) Strings: . . Strings: .exe .exe Strings: .pdf .pdf Strings: .c .c Strings: .ini .ini Strings: .pdf .pdf Strings: .pdf .pdf Strings: .pdf .pdf Strings: .flac .flac Strings: .FLAC .FLAC Strings: .lnk .lnk Strings: .URL .URL Output of the same directory (with the code above, with the 2 printfs): Strings: (null) (null) Is there anything wrong? Is it a compiler issue? I'm using GCC 4.4.3 in Windows (MinGW) right now. Thank you very much for your help. By the way, is there any other way to work with files and directories in a Windows environment not using the POSIX functions?

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• How to use mmap to point to STL type?

  - by srikfreak

  I have a mmap typecast to a char pointer char *ptr; ptr = (char *)mmap(0, FILESIZE, PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE, MAP_SHARED, fd, 0); This was my earlier code. But now I want to use a map instead of char * as the requirements changed. Now, my map is declared as map i_s_map; How do I change my mmap call to point to the map?

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• conversion of DNA to Protein - c structure issue

  - by sam

  I am working on conversion of DNA sequence to Protein sequence. I had completed all program only one error I found there is of structure. dna_codon is a structure and I am iterating over it.In first iteration it shows proper values of structure but from next iteration, it dont show the proper value stored in structure. Its a small error so do not think that I havnt done anything and downvote. I am stucked here because I am new in c for structures. CODE : #include <stdio.h> #include<string.h> void main() { int i, len; char short_codons[20]; char short_slc[1000]; char sequence[1000]; struct codons { char amino_acid[20], slc[20], dna_codon[40]; }; struct codons c1 [20]= { {"Isoleucine", "I", "ATT, ATC, ATA"}, {"Leucine", "L", "CTT, CTC, CTA, CTG, TTA, TTG"}, {"Valine", "V", "GTT, GTC, GTA, GTG"}, {"Phenylalanine", "F", "TTT, TTC"}, {"Methionine", "M", "ATG"}, {"Cysteine", "C", "TGT, TGC"}, {"Alanine", "A", "GCT, GCC, GCA, GCG"}, {"Proline", "P", "CCT, CCC, CCA,CCG "}, {"Threonine", "T", "ACT, ACC, ACA, ACG"}, {"Serine", "S", "TCT, TCC, TCA, TCG, AGT, AGC"}, {"Tyrosine", "Y", "TAT, TAC"}, {"Tryptophan", "W", "TGG"}, {"Glutamine", "Q", "CAA, CAG"}, {"Aspargine","N" "AAT, AAC"}, {"Histidine", "H", "CAT, CAC"}, {"Glutamic acid", "E", "GAA, GAG"}, {"Aspartic acid", "D", "GAT, GAC"}, {"Lysine", "K", "AAA, AAG"}, {"Arginine", "R", "CGT, CGC, CGA, CGG, AGA, AGG"}, {"Stop codons", "Stop", "AA, TAG, TGA"} }; int count = 0; printf("Enter the sequence: "); gets(sequence); char *input_string = sequence; char *tmp_str = input_string; int k; char *pch; while (*input_string != '\0') { char string_3l[4] = {'\0'}; strncpy(string_3l, input_string, 3); printf("\n-----------%s & %s----------", string_3l, tmp_str ); for(k=0;k<20;k++) { //printf("@REAL - %s", c1[0].dna_codon); printf("@ %s", c1[k].dna_codon); int x; x = c1[k].dna_codon; pch = strtok(x, ","); while (pch != NULL) { printf("\n%d : %s with %s", k, string_3l, pch); count=strcmp(string_3l, pch); if(count==0) { strcat(short_slc, c1[k].slc); printf("\n==>%s", short_slc); } pch = strtok (NULL, " ,.-"); } } input_string = input_string+3; } printf("\nProtien sequence is : %s\n", short_slc); } INPUT : TAGTAG OUTPUT : If you see output of printf("\n-----------%s & %s----------", string_3l, tmp_str ); in both iterations, we found that values defined in structure are reduced. I want to know why structure reduces it or its my mistake? because I am stucked here

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• Passing const CName as this argument discards qualifiers

  - by Geno Diaz

  I'm having trouble with passing a constant class through a function. // test the constructors auto CName nameOne("Robert", "Bresson"); const CName nameTwo = nameOne; auto CName nameThree; // display the contents of each newly-constructed object... // should see "Robert Bresson" cout << "nameOne = "; nameOne.WriteFullName(); cout << endl; // should see "Robert Bresson" again cout << "nameTwo = "; nameTwo.WriteFullName(); cout << endl; As soon as the compiler hits nameTwo.WriteFullName() I get the error of abandoning qualifiers. I know that the class is a constant however I can't figure out how to work around it. The function is in a header file written as so: void const WriteFullName(ostream& outstream = cout) { outstream << m_first << ' ' << m_last; } I receive this error when const is put in back of the function header main.cpp:(.text+0x51): undefined reference to CName::CName()' main.cpp:(.text+0x7c): undefined reference toCName::WriteFullName(std::basic_ostream &) const' main.cpp:(.text+0xbb): undefined reference to CName::WriteFullName(std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >&) const' main.cpp:(.text+0xf7): undefined reference toCName::WriteFullName(std::basic_ostream &) const' main.cpp:(.text+0x133): undefined reference to operator>>(std::basic_istream<char, std::char_traits<char> >&, CName&)' main.cpp:(.text+0x157): undefined reference tooperator<<(std::basic_ostream &, CName const&)' main.cpp:(.text+0x1f4): undefined reference to operator<<(std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >&, CName const&)' main.cpp:(.text+0x22b): undefined reference tooperator<<(std::basic_ostream &, CName const&)' main.cpp:(.text+0x25f): undefined reference to operator<<(std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >&, CName const&)' main.cpp:(.text+0x320): undefined reference tooperator<<(std::basic_ostream &, CName const&)' main.cpp:(.text+0x347): undefined reference to `operator(std::basic_istream &, CName&)'

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• operator+ overload returning object causing memory leaks, C++

  - by lampshade

  The problem i think is with returing an object when i overload the + operator. I tried returning a reference to the object, but doing so does not fix the memory leak. I can comment out the two statements: dObj = dObj + dObj2; and cObj = cObj + cObj2; to free the program of memory leaks. Somehow, the problem is with returning an object after overloading the + operator. #include <iostream> #include <vld.h> using namespace std; class Animal { public : Animal() {}; virtual void eat() = 0 {}; virtual void walk() = 0 {}; }; class Dog : public Animal { public : Dog(const char * name, const char * gender, int age); Dog() : name(NULL), gender(NULL), age(0) {}; virtual ~Dog(); Dog operator+(const Dog &dObj); private : char * name; char * gender; int age; }; class MyClass { public : MyClass() : action(NULL) {}; void setInstance(Animal &newInstance); void doSomething(); private : Animal * action; }; Dog::Dog(const char * name, const char * gender, int age) : // allocating here, for data passed in ctor name(new char[strlen(name)+1]), gender(new char[strlen(gender)+1]), age(age) { if (name) { size_t length = strlen(name) +1; strcpy_s(this->name, length, name); } else name = NULL; if (gender) { size_t length = strlen(gender) +1; strcpy_s(this->gender, length, gender); } else gender = NULL; if (age) { this->age = age; } } Dog::~Dog() { delete name; delete gender; age = 0; } Dog Dog::operator+(const Dog &dObj) { Dog d; d.age = age + dObj.age; return d; } void MyClass::setInstance(Animal &newInstance) { action = &newInstance; } void MyClass::doSomething() { action->walk(); action->eat(); } int main() { MyClass mObj; Dog dObj("Scruffy", "Male", 4); // passing data into ctor Dog dObj2("Scooby", "Male", 6); mObj.setInstance(dObj); // set the instance specific to the object. mObj.doSomething(); // something happens based on which object is passed in dObj = dObj + dObj2; // invoke the operator+ return 0; }

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• Text Obfuscation using base64_encode()

  - by user271619

  I'm playing around with encrypt/decrypt coding in php. Interesting stuff! However, I'm coming across some issues involving what text gets encrypted into. Here's 2 functions that encrypt and decrypt a string. It uses an Encryption Key, which I set as something obscure. I actually got this from a php book. I modified it slightly, but not to change it's main goal. I created a small example below that anyone can test. But, I notice that some characters show up as the "encrypted" string. Characters like "=" and "+". Sometimes I pass this encrypted string via the url. Which may not quite make it to my receiving scripts. I'm guessing the browser does something to the string if certain characters are seen. I'm really only guessing. is there another function I can use to ensure the browser doesn't touch the string? or does anyone know enough php bas64_encode() to disallow certain characters from being used? I'm really not going to expect the latter as a possibility. But, I'm sure there's a work-around. enjoy the code, whomever needs it! define('ENCRYPTION_KEY', "sjjx6a"); function encrypt($string) { $result = ''; for($i=0; $i<strlen($string); $i++) { $char = substr($string, $i, 1); $keychar = substr(ENCRYPTION_KEY, ($i % strlen(ENCRYPTION_KEY))-1, 1); $char = chr(ord($char)+ord($keychar)); $result.=$char; } return base64_encode($result)."/".rand(); } function decrypt($string){ $exploded = explode("/",$string); $string = $exploded[0]; $result = ''; $string = base64_decode($string); for($i=0; $i<strlen($string); $i++) { $char = substr($string, $i, 1); $keychar = substr(ENCRYPTION_KEY, ($i % strlen(ENCRYPTION_KEY))-1, 1); $char = chr(ord($char)-ord($keychar)); $result.=$char; } return $result; } echo $encrypted = encrypt("reaplussign.jpg"); echo "<br>"; echo decrypt($encrypted);

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• Can't find mistake -- 'segmentation fault' - in C

  - by Mosh

  Hello all! I wrote this function but can't get on the problem that gives me 'segmentation fault' msg. Thank you for any help guys !! /*This function extract all header files in a *.c1 file*/ void includes_extractor(FILE *c1_fp, char *c1_file_name ,int c1_file_str_len ) { int i=0; FILE *c2_fp , *header_fp; char ch, *c2_file_name,header_name[80]; /* we can assume line length 80 chars MAX*/ char inc_name[]="include"; char inc_chk[INCLUDE_LEN+1]; /*INCLUDE_LEN is defined | +1 for null*/ /* making the c2 file name */ c2_file_name=(char *) malloc ((c1_file_str_len)*sizeof(char)); if (c2_file_name == NULL) { printf("Out of memory !\n"); exit(0); } strcpy(c2_file_name , c1_file_name); c2_file_name[c1_file_str_len-1] = '\0'; c2_file_name[c1_file_str_len-2] = '2'; /*Open source & destination files + ERR check */ if( !(c1_fp = fopen (c1_file_name,"r") ) ) { fprintf(stderr,"\ncannot open *.c1 file !\n"); exit(0); } if( !(c2_fp = fopen (c2_file_name,"w+") ) ) { fprintf(stderr,"\ncannot open *.c2 file !\n"); exit(0); } /*next code lines are copy char by char from c1 to c2, but if meet header file, copy its content */ ch=fgetc(c1_fp); while (!feof(c1_fp)) { i=0; /*zero i */ if (ch == '#') /*potential #include case*/ { fgets(inc_chk, INCLUDE_LEN+1, c1_fp); /*8 places for "include" + null*/ if(strcmp(inc_chk,inc_name)==0) /*case #include*/ { ch=fgetc(c1_fp); while(ch==' ') /* stop when head with a '<' or '"' */ { ch=fgetc(c1_fp); } /*while(2)*/ ch=fgetc(c1_fp); /*start read header file name*/ while((ch!='"') || (ch!='>')) /*until we get the end of header name*/ { header_name[i] = ch; i++; ch=fgetc(c1_fp); }/*while(3)*/ header_name[i]='\0'; /*close the header_name array*/ if( !(header_fp = fopen (header_name,"r") ) ) /*open *.h for read + ERR chk*/ { fprintf(stderr,"cannot open header file !\n"); exit(0); } while (!feof(header_fp)) /*copy header file content to *.c2 file*/ { ch=fgetc(header_fp); fputc(ch,c2_fp); }/*while(4)*/ fclose(header_fp); } }/*frst if*/ else { fputc(ch,c2_fp); } ch=fgetc(c1_fp); }/*while(1)*/ fclose(c1_fp); fclose(c2_fp); free (c2_file_name); }

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• Optimizing sorting container of objects with heap-allocated buffers - how to avoid hard-copying buff

  - by Kache4

  I was making sure I knew how to do the op= and copy constructor correctly in order to sort() properly, so I wrote up a test case. After getting it to work, I realized that the op= was hard-copying all the data_. I figure if I wanted to sort a container with this structure (its elements have heap allocated char buffer arrays), it'd be faster to just swap the pointers around. Is there a way to do that? Would I have to write my own sort/swap function? #include <deque> //#include <string> //#include <utility> //#include <cstdlib> #include <cstring> #include <iostream> //#include <algorithm> // I use sort(), so why does this still compile when commented out? #include <boost/filesystem.hpp> #include <boost/foreach.hpp> using namespace std; namespace fs = boost::filesystem; class Page { public: // constructor Page(const char* path, const char* data, int size) : path_(fs::path(path)), size_(size), data_(new char[size]) { // cout << "Creating Page..." << endl; strncpy(data_, data, size); // cout << "done creating Page..." << endl; } // copy constructor Page(const Page& other) : path_(fs::path(other.path())), size_(other.size()), data_(new char[other.size()]) { // cout << "Copying Page..." << endl; strncpy(data_, other.data(), size_); // cout << "done copying Page..." << endl; } // destructor ~Page() { delete[] data_; } // accessors const fs::path& path() const { return path_; } const char* data() const { return data_; } int size() const { return size_; } // operators Page& operator = (const Page& other) { if (this == &other) return *this; char* newImage = new char[other.size()]; strncpy(newImage, other.data(), other.size()); delete[] data_; data_ = newImage; path_ = fs::path(other.path()); size_ = other.size(); return *this; } bool operator < (const Page& other) const { return path_ < other.path(); } private: fs::path path_; int size_; char* data_; }; class Book { public: Book(const char* path) : path_(fs::path(path)) { cout << "Creating Book..." << endl; cout << "pushing back #1" << endl; pages_.push_back(Page("image1.jpg", "firstImageData", 14)); cout << "pushing back #3" << endl; pages_.push_back(Page("image3.jpg", "thirdImageData", 14)); cout << "pushing back #2" << endl; pages_.push_back(Page("image2.jpg", "secondImageData", 15)); cout << "testing operator <" << endl; cout << pages_[0].path().string() << (pages_[0] < pages_[1]? " < " : " > ") << pages_[1].path().string() << endl; cout << pages_[1].path().string() << (pages_[1] < pages_[2]? " < " : " > ") << pages_[2].path().string() << endl; cout << pages_[0].path().string() << (pages_[0] < pages_[2]? " < " : " > ") << pages_[2].path().string() << endl; cout << "sorting" << endl; BOOST_FOREACH (Page p, pages_) cout << p.path().string() << endl; sort(pages_.begin(), pages_.end()); cout << "done sorting\n"; BOOST_FOREACH (Page p, pages_) cout << p.path().string() << endl; cout << "checking datas" << endl; BOOST_FOREACH (Page p, pages_) { char data[p.size() + 1]; strncpy((char*)&data, p.data(), p.size()); data[p.size()] = '\0'; cout << p.path().string() << " " << data << endl; } cout << "done Creating Book" << endl; } private: deque<Page> pages_; fs::path path_; }; int main() { Book* book = new Book("/some/path/"); }

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• Why wont my while loop take new input (c++)

  - by Van

  I've written a program to get a string input from a user and parse it into tokens and move a robot according to the input. My problem is trying to issue more than one command. The code looks like: void Navigator::manualDrive() { const int bufSize = 42; char uinput[bufSize]; char delim[] = " "; char *token; while(true) { Navigator::parseInstruction(uinput); } } /* parseInstruction(char *c) -- parses cstring instructions received * and moves robot accordingly */ void Navigator::parseInstruction(char * c) { const int bufSize = 42; char uinput[bufSize]; char delim[] = " "; char *token; cout << "Enter your directions below: \n"; cin.ignore(); cin.getline (uinput, bufSize); token=strtok(uinput, delim); if(strcmp("forward", token) == 0) { int inches; token = strtok(NULL, delim); inches = atoi (token); Navigator::travel(inches); } if(strcmp("back",token) == 0) { int inches; token = strtok(NULL, delim); inches = atoi (token); double value = fabs(0.0735 * fabs(inches) - 0.0550); myRobot.backward(1/*speed*/, value/*time*/); } if(strcmp("turn",token) == 0) { int degrees; token = strtok(NULL, delim); if(strcmp("left",token) == 0) { token = strtok(uinput, delim); degrees = atoi (token); double value = fabs(0.0041 * degrees - 0.0523); myRobot.turnLeft(1/*speed*/, value/*time*/); } } if(strcmp("turn",token) == 0) { int degrees; token = strtok(NULL, delim); if(strcmp("right",token) == 0) { token = strtok(uinput, delim); degrees = atoi (token); double value = fabs(0.0041 * degrees - 0.0523); myRobot.turnRight(1/*speed*/, value/*time*/); } } if(strcmp("stop",token) == 0) { myRobot.motors(0,0); } } In the function manualDrive I have a while loop calling the function parseInstruction infinitely. The program outputs "Enter your directions below: " When I give the program instructions it executes them, and then it outputs "enter your directions below: " again and when I input my directions again it does not execute them and outputs "Enter your directions below: " instead. I'm sure this is a very simple fix I'm just very new to c++. So if you could please help me out and tell me why the program only takes the first set of directions. thanks

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• what is the difference between Template Explicit Specialization and ordinary function?

  - by user323422

  template <class T> void max (T &a ,T &b) {}//generic template #1 template<> void max(char &c, char &d) {} //template specializtion #2 void max (char &c, char &d) {}//ordinary function #3 what is difference between 1 ,2, and 3?

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• Unable to free const pointers in C

  - by lego69

  How can I free a const char*? I allocated new memory using malloc, and when I'm trying to free it I always receive the error "incompatible pointer type" The code that causes this is something like: char* name="Arnold"; const char* str=(const char*)malloc(strlen(name)+1); free(str); // error here

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• Why wont my while loop wont take new input (c++)

  - by Van

  I've written a program to get a string input from a user and parse it into tokens and move a robot according to the input. My problem is trying to issue more than one command. The code looks like: void Navigator::manualDrive() { const int bufSize = 42; char uinput[bufSize]; char delim[] = " "; char *token; while(true) { Navigator::parseInstruction(uinput); } } /* parseInstruction(char *c) -- parses cstring instructions received * and moves robot accordingly */ void Navigator::parseInstruction(char * c) { const int bufSize = 42; char uinput[bufSize]; char delim[] = " "; char *token; cout << "Enter your directions below: \n"; cin.ignore(); cin.getline (uinput, bufSize); token=strtok(uinput, delim); if(strcmp("forward", token) == 0) { int inches; token = strtok(NULL, delim); inches = atoi (token); Navigator::travel(inches); } if(strcmp("back",token) == 0) { int inches; token = strtok(NULL, delim); inches = atoi (token); double value = fabs(0.0735 * fabs(inches) - 0.0550); myRobot.backward(1/*speed*/, value/*time*/); } if(strcmp("turn",token) == 0) { int degrees; token = strtok(NULL, delim); if(strcmp("left",token) == 0) { token = strtok(uinput, delim); degrees = atoi (token); double value = fabs(0.0041 * degrees - 0.0523); myRobot.turnLeft(1/*speed*/, value/*time*/); } } if(strcmp("turn",token) == 0) { int degrees; token = strtok(NULL, delim); if(strcmp("right",token) == 0) { token = strtok(uinput, delim); degrees = atoi (token); double value = fabs(0.0041 * degrees - 0.0523); myRobot.turnRight(1/*speed*/, value/*time*/); } } if(strcmp("stop",token) == 0) { myRobot.motors(0,0); } } In the function manualDrive I have a while loop calling the function parseInstruction infinitely. The program outputs "Enter your directions below: " When I give the program instructions it executes them, and then it outputs "enter your directions below: " again and when I input my directions again it does not execute them and outputs "Enter your directions below: " instead. I'm sure this is a very simple fix I'm just very new to c++. So if you could please help me out and tell me why the program only takes the first set of directions. thanks

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• infix operation to postfix using stacks

  - by Chris De La O

  We are writing a program that needs to convert an infix operation (4 5/3) to postfix (4 5 3 / ) using stacks. however my convert to postfix does not work as it doesnt not output the postFix array that is supposed to store the conversion from infix notation to postfix notation. here is the code for the convertToPostix fuction. //converts infix expression to postfix expression void ArithmeticExpression::convertToPostfix(char *const inFix, char *const postFix) { //create a stack2 object named cow Stack2<char> cow; cout<<postFix; char thing = '('; //push a left parenthesis onto the stack cow.push(thing); //append a right parenthesis to the end of inFix array strcat(inFix, ")"); int i = 0;//declare an int that will control posFix position //if the stack is not empty if (!cow.isEmpty()) { //loop to run until the last character in inFix array for (int x = 0; inFix[x]!= '\0'; x++ ) { //if the inFix element is a digit if (isdigit(inFix[x])) { postFix[i]=inFix[x];//it is assigned to the next element in postFix array i++;//move on to next element in postFix } //if the inFix element is a left parenthesis else if (inFix[x]=='(') { cow.push(inFix[x]);//push it unto the stack } //if the inFix element is an operator else if (isOperator(inFix[x])) { char oper2 = inFix[x];//char variable holds inFix operator if (isOperator(cow.stackTop()))//if the top node in the stack is an operator { while (isOperator(cow.stackTop()))//and while the top node in the stack is an operator { char oper1 = cow.stackTop();//char variable holds node operator if(precedence( oper1, oper2))//if the node operator has higher presedence than node operator { postFix[i] = cow.pop();//we pop such operator and insert it in postFix array's next element cow.push(inFix[x]);//and push inFix operator unto the stack i++;//move to the next element in posFix } } } //if the top node is not an operator //we push the current inFix operator unto the top of the stack else cow.push(inFix[x]); } //if the inFix element is a right parenthesis else if (inFix[x]==')') { //we pop everything in the stack and insert it in postFix //until we arrive at a left paranthesis while (cow.stackTop()!='(') { postFix[i] = cow.pop(); i++; } //we then pop and discard left parenthesis cow.pop(); } } postFix[i]='\0'; //print !!postFix array!! (not stack) print();//code for this is just cout<<postFix; }

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• Basic data alignment question

  - by Broken Logic

  I've been playing around to see how my computer works under the hood. What I'm interested in is seeing is what happens on the stack inside a function. To do this I've written the following toy program: #include <stdio.h> void __cdecl Test1(char a, unsigned long long b, char c) { char c1; unsigned long long b1; char a1; c1 = 'b'; b1 = 4; a1 = 'r'; printf("%d %d - %d - %d %d Total: %d\n", (long)&b1 - (long)&a1, (long)&c1 - (long)&b1, (long)&a - (long)&c1, (long)&b - (long)&a, (long)&c - (long)&b, (long)&c - (long)&a1 ); }; struct TestStruct { char a; unsigned long long b; char c; }; void __cdecl Test2(char a, unsigned long long b, char c) { TestStruct locals; locals.a = 'b'; locals.b = 4; locals.c = 'r'; printf("%d %d - %d - %d %d Total: %d\n", (long)&locals.b - (long)&locals.a, (long)&locals.c - (long)&locals.b, (long)&a - (long)&locals.c, (long)&b - (long)&a, (long)&c - (long)&b, (long)&c - (long)&locals.a ); }; int main() { Test1('f', 0, 'o'); Test2('f', 0, 'o'); return 0; } And this spits out the following: 9 19 - 13 - 4 8 Total: 53 8 8 - 24 - 4 8 Total: 52 The function args are well behaved but as the calling convention is specified, I'd expect this. But the local variables are a bit wonky. My question is, why wouldn't these be the same? The second call seems to produce a more compact and better aligned stack. Looking at the ASM is unenlightening (at least to me), as the variable addresses are still aliased there. So I guess this is really a question about the assembler itself allocates the stack to local variables. I realise that any specific answer is likely to be platform specific. I'm more interested in a general explanation unless this quirk really is platform specific. For the record though, I'm compiling with VS2010 on a 64bit Intel machine.

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• Types questions in ANSI C

  - by shaharg

  Hi, I having few questions about typed in ANSI C: 1. what's the difference between "\x" in the beginning of a char to 0x in the beginning of char (or in any other case for this matter). AFAIK, they both means that this is hexadecimal.. so what's the difference. when casting char to (unsigned), not (unsigned char) - what does it mean? why (unsigned)'\xFF' != 0xFF? Thanks!

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• C socket programming: select() is returning 0 despite messages sent from server

  - by Fantastic Fourier

  Hey all, I'm using select() to recv() messages from server, using TCP/IP. When I send() messages from the server, it returns a reasonable number of bytes, saying it's sent successful. And it does get to the client successfully when I use while loop to just recv(). Everything is fine and dandy. while(1) recv() // obviously pseudocode However, when I try to use select(), select() returns 0 from timeout (which is set to 1 second) and for the life of me I cannot figure out why it doesn't see the messages sent from the server. I should also mention that when the server disconnects, select() doesn't see that either, where as if I were to use recv(), it would return 0 to indicate that the connection using the socket has been closed. Any inputs or thoughts are deeply appreciated. #include <arpa/inet.h> #include <errno.h> #include <fcntl.h> #include <netdb.h> #include <netinet/in.h> #include <pthread.h> #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <string.h> #include <strings.h> #include <sys/select.h> #include <sys/socket.h> #include <sys/time.h> #include <sys/types.h> #include <time.h> #include <unistd.h> #define SERVER_PORT 10000 #define MAX_CONNECTION 20 #define MAX_MSG 50 struct client { char c_name[MAX_MSG]; char g_name[MAX_MSG]; int csock; int host; // 0 = not host of a multicast group struct sockaddr_in client_address; struct client * next_host; struct client * next_client; }; struct fd_info { char c_name[MAX_MSG]; int socks_inuse[MAX_CONNECTION]; int sock_fd, max_fd; int exit; struct client * c_sys; struct sockaddr_in c_address[MAX_CONNECTION]; struct sockaddr_in server_address; struct sockaddr_in client_address; fd_set read_set; }; struct message { char c_name[MAX_MSG]; char g_name[MAX_MSG]; char _command[3][MAX_MSG]; char _payload[MAX_MSG]; struct sockaddr_in client_address; struct client peer; }; int main(int argc, char * argv[]) { char * host; char * temp; int i, sockfd; int msg_len, rv, ready; int connection, management, socketread; int sockfds[MAX_CONNECTION]; // for three threads that handle new connections, user inputs and select() for sockets pthread_t connection_handler, manager, socket_reader; struct sockaddr_in server_address, client_address; struct hostent * hserver, cserver; struct timeval timeout; struct message msg; struct fd_info info; info.exit = 0; // exit information: if exit = 1, threads quit info.c_sys = NULL; // looking up from the host database if (argc == 3) { host = argv[1]; // server address strncpy(info.c_name, argv[2], strlen(argv[2])); // client name } else { printf("plz read the manual, kthxbai\n"); exit(1); } printf("host is %s and hp is %p\n", host, hserver); hserver = gethostbyname(host); if (hserver) { printf("host found: %s\n", hserver->h_name ); } else { printf("host not found\n"); exit(1); } // setting up address and port structure information on serverside bzero((char * ) &server_address, sizeof(server_address)); // copy zeroes into string server_address.sin_family = AF_INET; memcpy(&server_address.sin_addr, hserver->h_addr, hserver->h_length); server_address.sin_port = htons(SERVER_PORT); bzero((char * ) &client_address, sizeof(client_address)); // copy zeroes into string client_address.sin_family = AF_INET; client_address.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_ANY); client_address.sin_port = htons(SERVER_PORT); // opening up socket sockfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0); if (sockfd < 0) exit(1); else { printf("socket is opened: %i \n", sockfd); info.sock_fd = sockfd; } // sets up time out option for the bound socket timeout.tv_sec = 1; // seconds timeout.tv_usec = 0; // micro seconds ( 0.5 seconds) setsockopt(sockfd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_RCVTIMEO, &timeout, sizeof(struct timeval)); // binding socket to a port rv = bind(sockfd, (struct sockaddr *) &client_address, sizeof(client_address)); if (rv < 0) { printf("MAIN: ERROR bind() %i: %s\n", errno, strerror(errno)); exit(1); } else printf("socket is bound\n"); printf("MAIN: %li \n", client_address.sin_addr.s_addr); // connecting rv = connect(sockfd, (struct sockaddr *) &server_address, sizeof(server_address)); info.server_address = server_address; info.client_address = client_address; info.sock_fd = sockfd; info.max_fd = sockfd; printf("rv = %i\n", rv); if (rv < 0) { printf("MAIN: ERROR connect() %i: %s\n", errno, strerror(errno)); exit(1); } else printf("connected\n"); fd_set readset; FD_ZERO(&readset); FD_ZERO(&info.read_set); FD_SET(info.sock_fd, &info.read_set); while(1) { readset = info.read_set; printf("MAIN: %i \n", readset); ready = select((info.max_fd)+1, &readset, NULL, NULL, &timeout); if(ready == -1) { sleep(2); printf("TEST: MAIN: ready = -1. %s \n", strerror(errno)); } else if (ready == 0) { sleep(2); printf("TEST: MAIN: ready = 0. %s \n", strerror(errno)); } else if (ready > 0) { printf("TEST: MAIN: ready = %i. %s at socket %i \n", ready, strerror(errno), i); for(i = 0; i < ((info.max_fd)+1); i++) { if(FD_ISSET(i, &readset)) { rv = recv(sockfd, &msg, 500, 0); if(rv < 0) continue; else if(rv > 0) printf("MAIN: TEST: %s %s \n", msg._command[0], msg._payload); else if (rv == 0) { sleep(3); printf("MAIN: TEST: SOCKET CLOSEDDDDDD \n"); } FD_CLR(i, &readset); } } } info.read_set = readset; } // close connection close(sockfd); printf("socket closed. BYE! \n"); return(0); }

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