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• Less reboots on Windows Server Core, is this true or just a myth?

  - by Peter Hahndorf

  Because there are less components installed on a Windows Server core OS, it needs less patches than the full OS. I read in several places that therefor it needs less reboots after patching. I'm running Server 2012 core in production since September 2012 now and I don't remember a single patch-Tuesday when I did not have to reboot the server after installing Windows updates. Are there any hard numbers out there that compare the required reboots for core vs. Full OS? Less reboots may be the main reason why people choose to go with Server core. If it actually requires just as many reboots as the full OS install, they may think again the next time they set up a server.

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• Single hardware unit to protect web servers and implement smart publishing

  - by Maxim V. Pavlov

  Thus far we've been using the combination of Forefront TMG 2010 as an edge firewall + intrusion prevention system + web site publishing mechanism in the data center to work with a few web server machines. Since we develop on ASP.NET, we are IIS and in general - Microsoft crowd. Since TMG is being deprecated, we need to come up with a hardware alternative to protect and serve our data center web cloud. Could you please advise a hardware or virtual appliance solution that can provide routing, flood prevention and smart web-site publishing (one IP - many web sites based on domain name filter) all in one. Even if it is hard to configure, as long as it covers all these features, we will invest to learn and replace TMG eventually.

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• Various problems with software raid1 array built with Samsung 840 Pro SSDs

  - by Andy B

  I am bringing to ServerFault a problem that is tormenting me for 6+ months. I have a CentOS 6 (64bit) server with an md software raid-1 array with 2 x Samsung 840 Pro SSDs (512GB). Problems: Serious write speed problems: root [~]# time dd if=arch.tar.gz of=test4 bs=2M oflag=sync 146+1 records in 146+1 records out 307191761 bytes (307 MB) copied, 23.6788 s, 13.0 MB/s real 0m23.680s user 0m0.000s sys 0m0.932s When doing the above (or any other larger copy) the load spikes to unbelievable values (even over 100) going up from ~ 1. When doing the above I've also noticed very weird iostat results: Device: rrqm/s wrqm/s r/s w/s rsec/s wsec/s avgrq-sz avgqu-sz await svctm %util sda 0.00 1589.50 0.00 54.00 0.00 13148.00 243.48 0.60 11.17 0.46 2.50 sdb 0.00 1627.50 0.00 16.50 0.00 9524.00 577.21 144.25 1439.33 60.61 100.00 md1 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 md2 0.00 0.00 0.00 1602.00 0.00 12816.00 8.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 md0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 And it keeps it this way until it actually writes the file to the device (out from swap/cache/memory). The problem is that the second SSD in the array has svctm and await roughly 100 times larger than the second. For some reason the wear is different between the 2 members of the array root [~]# smartctl --attributes /dev/sda | grep -i wear 177 Wear_Leveling_Count 0x0013 094% 094 000 Pre-fail Always - 180 root [~]# smartctl --attributes /dev/sdb | grep -i wear 177 Wear_Leveling_Count 0x0013 070% 070 000 Pre-fail Always - 1005 The first SSD has a wear of 6% while the second SSD has a wear of 30%!! It's like the second SSD in the array works at least 5 times as hard as the first one as proven by the first iteration of iostat (the averages since reboot): Device: rrqm/s wrqm/s r/s w/s rsec/s wsec/s avgrq-sz avgqu-sz await svctm %util sda 10.44 51.06 790.39 125.41 8803.98 1633.11 11.40 0.33 0.37 0.06 5.64 sdb 9.53 58.35 322.37 118.11 4835.59 1633.11 14.69 0.33 0.76 0.29 12.97 md1 0.00 0.00 1.88 1.33 15.07 10.68 8.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 md2 0.00 0.00 1109.02 173.12 10881.59 1620.39 9.75 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 md0 0.00 0.00 0.41 0.01 3.10 0.02 7.42 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 What I've tried: I've updated the firmware to DXM05B0Q (following reports of dramatic improvements for 840Ps after this update). I have looked for "hard resetting link" in dmesg to check for cable/backplane issues but nothing. I have checked the alignment and I believe they are aligned correctly (1MB boundary, listing below) I have checked /proc/mdstat and the array is Optimal (second listing below). root [~]# fdisk -ul /dev/sda Disk /dev/sda: 512.1 GB, 512110190592 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 62260 cylinders, total 1000215216 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00026d59 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 2048 4196351 2097152 fd Linux raid autodetect Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary. /dev/sda2 * 4196352 4605951 204800 fd Linux raid autodetect Partition 2 does not end on cylinder boundary. /dev/sda3 4605952 814106623 404750336 fd Linux raid autodetect root [~]# fdisk -ul /dev/sdb Disk /dev/sdb: 512.1 GB, 512110190592 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 62260 cylinders, total 1000215216 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x0003dede Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdb1 2048 4196351 2097152 fd Linux raid autodetect Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary. /dev/sdb2 * 4196352 4605951 204800 fd Linux raid autodetect Partition 2 does not end on cylinder boundary. /dev/sdb3 4605952 814106623 404750336 fd Linux raid autodetect /proc/mdstat root # cat /proc/mdstat Personalities : [raid1] md0 : active raid1 sdb2[1] sda2[0] 204736 blocks super 1.0 [2/2] [UU] md2 : active raid1 sdb3[1] sda3[0] 404750144 blocks super 1.0 [2/2] [UU] md1 : active raid1 sdb1[1] sda1[0] 2096064 blocks super 1.1 [2/2] [UU] unused devices: Running a read test with hdparm root [~]# hdparm -t /dev/sda /dev/sda: Timing buffered disk reads: 664 MB in 3.00 seconds = 221.33 MB/sec root [~]# hdparm -t /dev/sdb /dev/sdb: Timing buffered disk reads: 288 MB in 3.01 seconds = 95.77 MB/sec But look what happens if I add --direct root [~]# hdparm --direct -t /dev/sda /dev/sda: Timing O_DIRECT disk reads: 788 MB in 3.01 seconds = 262.08 MB/sec root [~]# hdparm --direct -t /dev/sdb /dev/sdb: Timing O_DIRECT disk reads: 534 MB in 3.02 seconds = 176.90 MB/sec Both tests increase but /dev/sdb doubles while /dev/sda increases maybe 20%. I just don't know what to make of this. As suggested by Mr. Wagner I've done another read test with dd this time and it confirms the hdparm test: root [/home2]# dd if=/dev/sda of=/dev/null bs=1G count=10 10+0 records in 10+0 records out 10737418240 bytes (11 GB) copied, 38.0855 s, 282 MB/s root [/home2]# dd if=/dev/sdb of=/dev/null bs=1G count=10 10+0 records in 10+0 records out 10737418240 bytes (11 GB) copied, 115.24 s, 93.2 MB/s So sda is 3 times faster than sdb. Or maybe sdb is doing also something else besides what sda does. Is there some way to find out if sdb is doing more than what sda does? UPDATE Again, as suggested by Mr. Wagner, I have swapped the 2 SSDs. And as he thought it would happen, the problem moved from sdb to sda. So I guess I'll RMA one of the SSDs. I wonder if the cage might be problematic. What is wrong with this array? Please help!

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• How to execute a script while booting Linux from flashdrive?

  - by Usman Ajmal

  I know i can make my script run at boot time in runlevel 2 by putting it in /etc/init.d/ and creating a symbolic to it in /etc/rc2.d but thats when Linux is on hard drive. I want to run my script from a flashdrive such that when a user plug in a flashdrive and powers ON the machine, it may start booting from the OS in flash drive and eventually executing my script. How can I achieve such a functionality? I have tried burning OS to flashdrive but I never succeeded in booting OS from flashdrive.

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• Dell XPS 710 - Boot Device Not Available

  - by WilliamKF

  Recently I was gifted a Dell XPS 710 tower running WinXP SP3. It was running fine until today when I restarted and received a blue screen and the error "unmountable boot volume". In order to fix this issue I've attempted to boot from the Windows XP CD and run chkdsk. However when I attempt to boot from the CD drive I get a "Boot Device not Available" error. Next I made a bootable USB flash drive, but receive the same error as the CD drive. The BIOS recognizes the CD and flash drives, and they appear in the boot device list, but neither will boot. I've attempted to resolve this by re-arranging the boot order in the BIOS and switching IDE channels/setting jumpers on the drives themselves, to no effect. I cannot move the hard drive to another machine because the XPS is the only one that supports SATA drives.

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• Can KVM roll back changes to Virtual Disks automatically?

  - by Cygon

  I'm currently using VirtualBox on my Linux server to run a small Windows guest OS. I've configured its main virtual hard drive as what VBox calls "Immutable" - meaning that any changes to it are written into a differencing image that is discarded when the system reboots. Can KVM do something similar? I've read about snapshots via "savevm", "loadvm" but I believe that's saved states, not differencing images. What I ultimately want is a VM with two drives: one reverts on each reboot, one keeps its changes. Ideally, the unchangeable drive image should be stored with only read access granted to the user running KVM.

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• Windows 7 sata disk not recognized after wake up from sleep state [closed]

  - by Gabber

  My windows 7 x64 PC/server worked fine until I installed a brand new seagate SATA hard disk (2 TB). My first disk was a IDE Maxtor (250 GB). I tried to use it as a secondary drive leaving the maxtor as primary and, when I put the computer in sleep state, on wake-up the SATA disk is not recognized anymore until next reboot. Now I'm trying to set it as primary disk (I copied the old HD contents with HD clone), when the computer goes in sleep state, on wake up it doesn't see the disc thus causing my system to crash. I tried the following: BIOS update (Asus M2V motherboard) but the situation worsened as the system didn't wake up from the sleep (with both my HD's) Reinstalling the drivers Bios changes Microsoft Hotfix KB977178 that seemed to address exactly my problem but gave me "The update is not applicable to your computer" message. Disabling hybrid sleep but no results.

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• web (server) based password manager

  - by laurens

  Hi all! I know there have been a few topics here about password managers but I read them all and did not really find what I'm looking for. What I'd need is a free or cheap (most password mgr software is $500 for 20+ users, exaggerated!) multi-user password manager, highly preferable web-based so that we can host it on one of our local server, of Hyper-V VM's. So: -free or cheap ( <100$) -multi-user of groups -web based -not very hard to install I tried a few, one very expensive, one I did not get to work- Web Keepass Manager This works with tomcat and probably conflicts with our IIS 7.0 or 7.5 PS: thus, nothing online (!) it has to stay local Thanks in advance!

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• Add a netbook to an existing Windows XP home network

  - by GorillaSandwich

  I've got a home network set up with a couple of Windows XP computers. I'm now trying to add our new netbook to it - also running XP. (The goal is to share files and a printer.) I have run the Network Setup Wizard and made sure that the workgroup name is the same as the others, and have rebooted several times, but whenever I try to 'view workgroup computers,' the only one on it is the netbook. I have a Windows XP CD, but the netbook has no drive. The wizard has some options for floppy disks, but that's useless to me these days. What is this wizard actually trying to do, and can I do it manually? Surely it can't be this hard.

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• Getting error code -41 when copying files to external drive

  - by diego

  I'm having trouble copying some files from my mac to an external hard drive: I keep getting the nondescript "error code -41". I noticed some of the files with an additional "@" permission bit had the "com.apple.quarantine" flag set. I used the "xattr" command from this article What should I do about com.apple.quarantine? to take care of the quarantine flag and sort that out (these files were copied over from another mac on my network, so I guess OS X flagged them as quarantine). That took care of the problem for those files but I still have some that I can't manually copy over to the external drive. The only other thing I've noticed is that some of these files have a an extra permission bit: "drwxr-xr-x+" which I haven't been successful in googling. Aside from that I don't see anything else. Also, Disk Utility says everything's fine. Any help would be greatly appreciated.

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• mounting vsphere 4.0 file system in ubuntu linux

  - by sravan

  hi all, I am using VSpere 4.0 for my project work. I needed 4-5 servers my project work which is based on Database. I felt the virtualisation is very good to get the 5 servers running good at the same time. It was running good until few days back. Yesterday, it suddenly crashed and i had no idea of the reason.Today, it did not even boot up. Now, i need to take the data backup from that system. In order to do the same, i got the hard drive from the machine and tried to mount it on local linux machine.But, i was not successful. The disk was not even recognized by the linux machine. Can some one please tell me how to mount it and get the required data? Thank you all

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• Why PowerConnect and Juniper are so rare ? Why do enterprises stick with Cisco ?

  - by Kedare

  Hello ! I have a little question, I'm actually studing in IT in France, and when looking on alternative on the very [...] very expensive Cisco equipment, I've found Juniper and DELL PowerConnect pretty attractive on features and price, but I rarely see something else than the classics Cisco/LinkSys, HP Procurve and Netgear.. Why it's so rare to find those switch ? They looks really great but... I've never seen any Juniper or Powerconnect... Why do enterprises stick with the expensive Cisco ? I've tried to find how to buy both, it's quite easy with PowerConnect, everything is on the DELL website, but it looks it's very hard to find Juniper equipment in France :( Thank you !

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• Handle wiki from android phone

  - by cmbrnt

  I'm currently using Oddmuse wiki to document thing, both personal and work related. What I'd like to do is to find an android app along with a wiki engine which enables me to read and make changes to the wiki with my phone. Using only the browser is unintuitive and hard to use. Does anyone else do this? I'd rather use mediawiki or dokuwiki, but I don't knlw of any apps which can both display and let me log in to edit the wiki. Any tips would be great!

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• Windows 8 Unable to perform hibernate

  - by Jones

  Windows 8 Enterprise edition x86. Already enabled hibernate option, to have it on shutdown menu (start menu?) and set to hibernate on lid closing. However it's not hibernating for me. When I'm trying to sleep, it's sleep fine and wake up like a kid. But when I'm demanding hibernate, it disconnects internet, turn off screen and be back to lock screen in one second. Steps I've tried. Complete shutdown Clear hiberfile.sys by disabling and enabling back Resetting my power settings. Causes I suspect: Had dual boot with BackTrack with Windows 8 GUI boot manager. It was fine until I reinstall BackTrack, bootmgr resetted and I'm in Ubuntu boot menu;. Using additional hard disk through USB cable.(But it's not a problem before few days, however) How to make my system to hibernate and wakeup again.

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• Windows 7 sata disk not recognized after wake up from sleep state

  - by Gabber

  My windows 7 x64 PC/server worked fine until I installed a brand new seagate SATA hard disk (2 TB). My first disk was a IDE Maxtor (250 GB). I tried to use it as a secondary drive leaving the maxtor as primary and, when I put the computer in sleep state, on wake-up the SATA disk is not recognized anymore until next reboot. Now I'm trying to set it as primary disk (I copied the old HD contents with HD clone), when the computer goes in sleep state, on wake up it doesn't see the disc thus causing my system to crash. I tried the following: BIOS update (Asus M2V motherboard) but the situation worsened as the system didn't wake up from the sleep (with both my HD's) Reinstalling the drivers Bios changes Microsoft Hotfix KB977178 that seemed to address exactly my problem but gave me "The update is not applicable to your computer" message. Disabling hybrid sleep but no results. I also tried all the suggestions from this question Why doesn't Windows 7 wake up from sleep?. Still no results.

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• Disk Utility Restore causes "Could not validate resource - Invalid Argument"

  - by Yahoo

  I have a problem with Disk Utility on Mac OS X 10.6. I have an image of Windows that I would like to use as a bootable volume on a pen drive or external hard drive. The thing is: When I try to restore the volume from the image I get an error: "Restore Failure: Could not validate resource - Invalid Argument" I read some information about that error on the Internet. I converted the image into .iso (Mac OS Extended/ISO (Joliet) Hybrid Image) format and then got this error: "Restore Failure: Could not find any scan information. The source image needs to be imagescanned before it can be restored." When I try to scan the image for Restore, I get the first message. I really read a lot of information about this topic on the Internet, but I haven't found the solution. I tried both ISO and DMG formats; I don't know which is best.

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• Is there a RAR extractor (for multiple rar files like .r00 etc.) that will use all of my quad cores?

  - by Christopher Done

  I've got a quad core Intel processor. I've got a big file split into little ones as RAR files, foo.r00, foo.r01, etc. which the RAR program extracts into one file/directory. Is there a RAR program that I can specify like "use four cores" in the extract process? At the moment it sits there using 100% of one core. I recognise the bottleneck might be my hard drive anyway, but I don't see a lot of HD usage and suspect the decompression process is more intensive than waiting on I/O. For example, GNU Make accepts a (-j, I think) argument to tell it how many cores to use, which I used to compile PHP 6 really quickly.

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• Add colors to gif palete gimp

  - by Tomáš Zato

  When I open a GIF file in gimp, I find it very hard to add more colours then those that are already contained in GIF palette. When I draw with different colours, GIMP is trying to use the colour from palette most approximate to the colour I'm drawing. (may result in red instead of black) This problem persist even if I save the imported GIF as XCF file (even if I create new layers in it). How do I make gimp ignore the palette? The only solution was saving (exporting) the file as some non-palete image as BMP and then importing it again. Example : After flood fill (black)

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• No picture on HDMI Output from a Pioneer 921 AV Receiver to a Projector

  - by Alexey Kulikov

  I am trying hard to tackle a what seemed to be simple problem if wiring my setup together. The setup: Mac Mini (2011) with HDMI Output Pioneer 921 K AV Receiver Acer HD Projector (HDMI) When I hook up my Mac Mini directly to the Projector with a 30 foot (10 meter) HDMI Cable everything is just fine. The picture is sharp and the colors brilliant. However, when I send HDMI to the receiver (into the BD HDMI Input) then I get absolutely no HDMI output to the projector, it keeps saying "no signal". Is there perhaps some magic combination of setup buttons that may help me resolve this problem?

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• Strange Intermittent Background Sound in Windows 7

  - by NoCarrier

  Ok, this is very strange. Recently, i noticed that every 10-15 seconds, there would be this faint, annoying duh-dum sound coming out of my speakers. (hard to describe. sounds somewhat like the sound windows makes when you unplug a USB device, but not as pronounced and much quieter). I closed every app and ended as many processes as I could, but the sound persists. I look at the volume mixer and sure enough, when the sound occurs, there is a little spike in the level under "System Sounds". I haven't installed any hardware or software in the last several weeks. This started recently - completely out of the blue. Does anyone have any insight?

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• rsync - how to set/keep directory permissions?

  - by Dylan

  I'm using CwRsync to connect from my Windows development machine to a linux webserver : rsync -avuz -e ./ssh --exclude=".svn" /cygdrive/c/xampp/htdocs/project123/ [email protected]:/home/user123/public_html This syncs my development project directory nicely and fast to the server. But after doing this, all directory properties are reset to the local user 'user123' only, so the website is not available anymore. I need to manually reset those properties. Why is this happening, and how to prevent it? PS. coming from a Windows environment I'm having a really hard time understanding rsync. I copied the above command from some examples... just need to get this one small thing working too...

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• CPU fan turns on and off repeatedly without booting

  - by rnso

  My PC has suddenly stopped starting up. On checking with case open, the CPU fan starts running when the power is turned on, but it stops after about 2-3 seconds, restarts again after about 2-3 seconds and the loop is repeated. There is no beep and nothing appears on the screen. On searching the internet, I found there could be several reasons for this. I tried removing hard-disk, CD drive, tightening connections etc but of no avial. I also tried using a new power supply but the response is the same. Where could be the problem and how can it be solved? Thanks in advance.

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• Nice way to show Powerpoints and Video

  - by kamikatze

  I'm looking for a sleek way to display Powerpoint presentations and video footage in sequence. Embedding video in .ppsx is not something i want to do, reasons are plenty (video footage being VC-1 1080p would be the first). Is there a media player (needs to run on win32) capable of playing both formats? My hackish way of doing this would be a .cmd with powerpnt.exe bobloblaw.ppsx mplayer.exe -fs video.wmv pwoerpnt.exe whitepowerbill.ppsx and so on Of course, this has a lots an lots of drawbacks, including begin really hard to break out of the chain :) Thanks a lot.

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• What has changed to make it possible to develop USB3.0

  - by RoboShop

  Like I know the transfer speeds are vastly different. But I don't understand is why they are faster. And why couldn't they have implemented USB 3.0 when they released 1.0? Like what technical breakthrough was required to get transfer speeds that fast? Was it cost? capacities of computer? like they couldn't read the data fast enough? Although USB is still well below hard drive transfer speeds engineering breakthrough? They found some new material which could transfer at a faster rate? Was this in the cable itself? In the hardware?

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• What's the situation that requires stateful firewall?

  - by Eonil

  I just know there is two kind of firewalls. Stateless and stateful. It's hard to determine what kind of firewall I have to use. Currently I have to run firewall within same machine runs services, Basically I want stateless because of its less resource consumption. However if it is not sufficient for security, it's meaningless. I'll run HTTP, SSH, NFS (only over SSH), and some custom made server on several TCP/UDP ports. Should I use stateful firewall? (edit) Maybe the question can be assumed as 'Should I use stateful rules?'.

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