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• Will a Ph. D. in Computer Science help?

  - by Francisco Garcia

  I am close to my 30s and still learning about programming and software engineering. Like most people who like their profession I truly believe that I should aim to improve and keep updated. One of the things I do is reading technical papers from professional publications (IEEE and ACM) but I admit there are very good bloggers out there too. Lately I started to think (should I say realize?) that Ph. D people actually are expected to expand constantly their knowledge, but little is expected from lower classes once they know enough This made me think that maybe having a Ph. D will help to have more... respect? but I also believe that I am already getting old for that. Futhermore I see many master and doctor programs that does not seem to add any value over hard experience and self learning. I belive that a degree in computer science, althought not necessary, can lay out a good base for programming work. However: What can a Ph. D. degree give you that you cannot learn on your own? (if you are not into something VERY specific and want to work in a non academic environment)

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• How do you use stl's functions like for_each?

  - by thomas-gies

  I started using stl containers because they came in very handy when I needed functionality of a list, set and map and had nothing else available in my programming environment. I did not care much about the ideas behind it. STL documentations were only interesting up to the point where it came to functions, etc. Then I skipped reading and just used the containers. But yesterday, still being relaxed from my holidays, I just gave it a try and wanted to go a bit more the stl way. So I used the transform function (can I have a little bit of applause for me, thank you). From an academic point of view it really looked interesting and it worked. But the thing that boroughs me is that if you intensify the use of those functions, you need 10ks of helper classes for mostly everything you want to do in your code. The hole logic of the program is sliced in tiny pieces. This slicing is not the result of god coding habits. It's just a technical need. Something, that makes my life probably harder not easier. And I learned the hard way, that you should always choose the simplest approach that solves the problem at hand. And I can't see what, for example, the for_each function is doing for me that justifies the use of a helper class over several simple lines of code that sit inside a normal loop so that everybody can see what is going on. I would like to know, what you are thinking about my concerns? Did you see it like I do when you started working this way and have changed your mind when you got used to it? Are there benefits that I overlooked? Or do you just ignore this stuff as I did (and will go an doing it, probably). Thanks. PS: I know that there is a real for_each loop in boost. But I ignore it here since it is just a convenient way for my usual loops with iterators I guess.

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• design an extendable database model

  - by wishi_

  Hi! Currently I'm doing a project whose specifications are unclear - well who doesn't. I wonder what's the best development strategy to design a DB, that's going to be extended sooner or later with additional tables and relations. I want to include "changeability". My main concern is that I want to apply design patterns (it's a university project) and I want to separate the constant factors from those, that change by choosing appropriate design patterns - in my case MVC and a set of sub-patterns at model level. When it comes to the DB however, I may have to resdesign my model in my MVC approach, because my domain model at a later stage my require a different set of classes representing the DB tables. I use Hibernate as an abstraction layer between DB and application. Would you start with a very minimal DB, just a few tables and relations? And what if I want an efficient DB, too? I wonder what strategies are applied in the real world. Stakeholder analysis for example isn't a sufficient planing solution when it comes to changing requirements. I think - at a DB level - my design pattern ends. So there's breach whose impact I'd like to minimize with a smart strategy.

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• C# Virtual method call in constructor - how to refactor?

  - by Cristi Diaconescu

  I have an abstract class for database-agnostic cursor actions. Derived from that, there are classes that implement the abstract methods for handling database-specific stuff. The problem is, the base class ctor needs to call an abstract method - when the ctor is called, it needs to initialize the database-specific cursor. I know why this shouldn't be done, I don't need that explanation! This is my first implementation, that obviously doesn't work - it's the textbook "wrong way" of doing it. The overridden method accesses a field from the derived class, which is not yet instantiated: public abstract class CursorReader { private readonly int m_rowCount; protected CursorReader() { m_rowCount = CreateCursor(sqlCmd); //virtual call ! } protected abstract int CreateCursor(string sqlCmd); } public class SqlCursorReader : CursorReader { private SqlConnection m_sqlConnection; public SqlCursorReader(string sqlCmd, SqlConnection sqlConnection) { m_sqlConnection = sqlConnection; //field initialized here } protected override int CreateCursor(string sqlCmd) { //uses not-yet-initialized member *m_sqlConnection* //so this throws a NullReferenceException var cursor = new CustomCursor(sqlCmd, m_sqlConnection); return cursor.Count(); } } I will follow up with an answer on my attempts to fix this...

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• Is it poor design to create objects that only execute code during the constructor?

  - by Curtix

  In my design I am using objects that evaluate a data record. The constructor is called with the data record and type of evaluation as parameters and then the constructor calls all of the object's code necessary to evaluate the record. This includes using the type of evaluation to find additional parameter-like data in a text file. There are in the neighborhood of 250 unique evaluation types that use the same or similar code and unique parameters coming from the text file. Some of these evaluations use different code so I benefit a lot from this model because I can use inheritance and polymorphism. Once the object is created there isn't any need to execute additional code on the object (at least for now) and it is used more like a struct; its kept on a list and 3 properties are used later. I think this design is the easiest to understand, code, and read. A logical alternative I guess would be using functions that return score structs, but you can't inherit from methods so it would make it kind of sloppy imo. I am using vb.net and these classes will be used in an asp.net web app as well as in a distributed app. thanks for your input

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• How to implement a network protocol?

  - by gotch4

  Here is a generic question. I'm not in search of the best answer, I'd just like you to express your favourite practices. I want to implement a network protocol in Java (but this is a rather general question, I faced the same issues in C++), this is not the first time, as I have done this before. But I think I am missing a good way to implement it. In fact usually it's all about exchanging text messages and some byte buffers between hosts, storing the status and wait until the next message comes. The problem is that I usually end up with a bunch of switch and more or less complex if statements that react to different statuses / messages. The whole thing usually gets complicated and hard to mantain. Not to mention that sometimes what comes out has some "blind spot", I mean statuses of the protocol that have not been covered and that behave in a unpredictable way. I tried to write down some state machine classes, that take care of checking start and end statuses for each action in more or less smart ways. This makes programming the protocol very complicated as I have to write lines and lines of code to cover every possible situation. What I'd like is something like a good pattern, or a best practice that is used in programming complex protocols, easy to mantain and to extend and very readable. What are your suggestions?

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• Linq to xml, retreaving generic interface-based list

  - by Rita

  I have an xml document that looks like this <Elements> <Element> <DisplayName /> <Type /> </Element> </Elements> I have an interface, interface IElement { string DisplayName {get;} } and a couple of derived classes: public class AElement: IElement public class BElement: IElement What I want to do, is to write the most efficient query to iterate through the xml and create a list of IElement, containing AElement or BElement, based on the 'Type' property in the xml. So far I have this: IEnumerable<AElement> elements = from xmlElement in XElement.Load(path).Elements("Element") where xmlElement.Element("type").Value == "AElement" select new AElement(xmlElement.Element("DisplayName").Value); return elements.Cast<IElement>().ToList(); But this is only for AElement, is there a way to add BElement in the same query, and also make it generic IEnumerable? Or would I have to run this query once for each derived type?

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• Is there a definitive reference document for Ruby syntax?

  - by JSW

  I'm searching for a definitive document on Ruby syntax. I know about the definitive documents for the core API and standard library, but what about the syntax itself? For instance, such a document should cover: reserved words, string literals syntax, naming rules for variables/classes/modules, all the conditional statements and their permutations, and so forth. I know there are many books and tutorials, yes, but every one of them is essentially a tutorial, each one having a range of different depth and focus. They will all, by necessity of brevity and narrative flow, omit certain details of the language that the author deems insignificant. For instance, did you know that you can use a case statement without an initial case value, and it will then execute the first true when clause? Any given Ruby book or tutorial may or may not cover that particular lesser-known functionality of the case syntax. It's not discussed in the section in "Programming Ruby" about case statements. But that is just one small example. So far the best documentation I've found is the rubyspec project, which appears to be an attempt to write a complete test suite for the language. That's not bad, but it's a bit hard to use from a practical standpoint as a developer working on my own projects. Am I just missing something or is there really no definitive readable document defining the whole of Ruby syntax?

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• Host WCF in MVC2 Site

  - by Basiclife

  Hi, We've got a very large, complex MVC2 website. We want to add an API for some internal tools and decided to use WCF. Ideally, we want MVC itself to host the WCF service. Reasons include: Although there's multiple tiers to the application, some functionality we'd like in the API requires the website itself (e.g. formatting emails). We use TFS to auto-build (continuous integration) and deploy - The less we need to modify the build and release mechanism the better We use the Unity container and Inversion of Control throughout the application. Being part of the Website would allow us to re-use configuration classes and other helper methods. I've written a custom ServiceBehavior which in turn has a custom InstanceProvider - This allows me to instantiate and configure a container which is then used to service all requests for class instances from WCF. So my question is; Is it possible to host a WCF service from within MVC itself? I've only had experience in Services / Standard Asp.Net websites before and didn't realise MVC2 might be different until I actually tried to wire it into the config and nothing happened. After some googling, there don't seem to be many references to doing this - so thought I'd ask here.

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• Inserting default "admin" user into database during Rails App startup

  - by gbc

  I'm building my first real rails application for a little in-house task. Most of the application tasks require authentication/authorization. The first time the app starts up (or starts with a wiped db), I'd like the process to be: User logs into the admin panel using "admin" & "admin" for authentication info. User navigates to admin credentials editing page and changes name and password to something safer so that "admin" & "admin" is no longer a valid login. To achieve this result, I'd like to stuff a default username & password combination into the database on if the application starts up and detects that there are no user credentials in the 'users' table. For example: if User.count == 0 User.create(:name => "admin", :password => "admin") end However, I'm unsure where to place that code. I tried adding an initializer script in the config/initializers, but the error I received appeared to indicate that the model classes weren't yet loaded into the application. So I'm curious to know at what point I can hook into the application startup cycle and insert data into the database through ActiveRecord before requests are dispatched.

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• PHP static objects giving a fatal error

  - by Webbo

  I have the following PHP code; <?php component_customer_init(); component_customer_go(); function component_customer_init() { $customer = Customer::getInstance(); $customer->set(1); } function component_customer_go() { $customer = Customer::getInstance(); $customer->get(); } class Customer { public $id; static $class = false; static function getInstance() { if(self::$class == false) { self::$class = new Customer; } else { return self::$class; } } public function set($id) { $this->id = $id; } public function get() { print $this->id; } } ?> I get the following error; Fatal error: Call to a member function set() on a non-object in ....../classes/customer.php on line 9 Can anyone tell me why I get this error? I know this code might look strange, but it's based on a component system that I'm writing for a CMS. The aim is to be able to replace HTML tags in the template e.g.; <!-- component:customer-login --> with; <?php component_customer_login(); ?> I also need to call pre-render methods of the "Customer" class to validate forms before output is made etc. If anyone can think of a better way, please let me know but in the first instance, I'd like to know why I get the "Fatal error" mentioned above. Cheers

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• UINavigationController not working under ARC in iPhone

  - by user1811427

  I have creared a new project "Empty Application" template in Xcode 4.3, it is having only two classes AppDelegate.h & .m I cheaked with ARC to use automatic reference count while creating the app. I added two new files "RootViewController" & "NewProjectViewControllers". I implemented code to set navigation controller as follows in AppDelegate - (BOOL)application:(UIApplication *)application didFinishLaunchingWithOptions:(NSDictionary *)launchOptions { self.window = [[UIWindow alloc] initWithFrame:[[UIScreen mainScreen] bounds]]; // Override point for customization after application launch. rootViewController = [[MainViewController alloc] init]; UINavigationController *navigation = [[UINavigationController alloc] initWithRootViewController:rootViewController]; [self.window addSubview:navigation.view]; self.window.backgroundColor = [UIColor whiteColor]; [self.window makeKeyAndVisible]; return YES; } and in hte home view (Root view controller) implemented as follows - (void)viewDidLoad { [super viewDidLoad]; self.title = @"Projects"; UINavigationBar *navigationBar = [self.navigationController navigationBar]; [navigationBar setTintColor: [UIColor colorWithRed:10/255.0f green:21/255.0f blue:51/255.0f alpha:1.0f]]; //To set the customised bar item UIButton *rightBarBtn = [UIButton buttonWithType:UIButtonTypeCustom]; [rightBarBtn setBackgroundImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"plus_new.png"] forState:UIControlStateNormal]; rightBarBtn.frame=CGRectMake(0.0, 100.0, 30.0, 30.0); [rightBarBtn addTarget:self action:@selector(addProject) forControlEvents:UIControlEventTouchUpInside]; UIBarButtonItem* rightBarItem = [[UIBarButtonItem alloc] initWithCustomView:rightBarBtn]; self.navigationItem.rightBarButtonItem = rightBarItem; // Do any additional setup after loading the view from its nib. } - (void) addProject { NewProjViewController *editProject = [[NewProjViewController alloc] init]; [self.navigationController pushViewController:editProject animated:YES]; NSLog(@"xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx"); } But since i used ARC the navigation may dealoc immediately and it doesn't work, All the actions in method works except push to the next view if i do same thing with out ARC it works fine How to resolve this issue..? Thanks in advance

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• Retrieve class name hierarchy as string

  - by Jeff Wain

  Our system complexity has risen to the point that we need to make permission names tied to the client from the database more specific. In the client, permissions are referenced from a static class since a lot of client functionality is dependent on the permissions each user has and the roles have a ton of variety. I've referenced this post as an example, but I'm looking for a more specific use case. Take for instance this reference, where PermissionAlpha would be a const string: return HasPermission(PermissionNames.PermissionAlpha); Which is great, except now that things are growing more complex the classes are being structured like this: public static class PermissionNames { public static class PermissionAlpha { public const string SubPermission; } } I'm trying to find an easy way to reference PermissionAlpha in this new setup that will act similar to the first declaration above. Would the only way to do this be to resort to pulling the value of the class name like in the example below? I'm trying to keep all the names in one place that can be reference anywhere in the application. public static class PermissionAlpha { public static string Name { get { return typeof(PermissionAlpha).Name; } } }

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• How to embed revision information using mercurial and maven (and svn)

  - by Zwei Steinen

  Our project had a nice hack (although I'm guessing there are better ways to do it) to embed revision information into the artifacts (jar etc.) when we used svn. Now we have migrated to mercurial, and we want to have a similar thing, but before I start working on a similar hack with mercurial, I wanted to know if there are better ways to do this. Thanks for your answers! <plugin> <groupId>org.codehaus.mojo</groupId> <artifactId>exec-maven-plugin</artifactId> <executions> <execution> <phase>process-classes</phase> <id>svninfo</id> <goals> <goal>exec</goal> </goals> <configuration> <executable>svn</executable> <arguments> <argument>info</argument> <argument>../</argument> <argument>></argument> <argument>target/some-project/META-INF/svninfo.txt</argument> </arguments> </configuration> </execution> </executions> </plugin>

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• PHP file outside doc root needs files outside and inside the document root

  - by jax

  I have a library of classes, all interrelated. Some files are inside the document root and some are outside using the <Directory> and Alias features in httpd.conf Assuming I have 3 files: webroot.php (Inside the document root) alias_directory.php (Inside a folder outside the doc root) alias_directory2.php (Inside a **different** folder outside the doc root) If alias_directory2.php needs both webroot.php and alias_directory.php, This does not work. (Remember alias_directory.php and alias_directory2.php are not in the same locations) require_once $_SERVER['DOCUMENT_ROOT'].'/webroot.php'; //(ok) require_once $_SERVER['DOCUMENT_ROOT'].'/alias_directory.php'; //(not ok) This does not work because alias_directory.php is not in the doc root. Similarly require_once $_SERVER['DOCUMENT_ROOT'].'/webroot.php'; //(ok) require_once dirname(__FILE__).'/alias_directory.php'; //(not ok) The problem here is that dirname(__FILE__) will return the path for alias_directory2.php not alias_directory.php. This works: require_once $_SERVER['DOCUMENT_ROOT'].'/webroot.php'; //(ok) require_once '/full/path/to/directory/alias_directory.php'; //(ok) But is very nasty and is a maintenance nightmare if I decide to move my library to another location. How do I solve this problem, is seems that I need a way to resolve an Alias folder properly.

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• What are major differences between C# and Java?

  - by enba

  I just want to clarify one thing. This is not a question on which one is better, that part I leave to someone else to discuss. I don't care about it. I've been asked this question on my job interview and I thought it might be useful to learn a bit more. These are the ones I could come up with: Java is "platform independent". Well nowadays you could say there is the Mono project so C# could be considered too but I believe it is a bit exaggerating. Why? Well, when a new release of Java is done it is simultaneously available on all platforms it supports, on the other hand how many features of C# 3.0 are still missing in the Mono implementation? Or is it really CLR vs. JRE that we should compare here? Java doesn't support events and delegates. As far as I know. In Java all methods are virtual Development tools: I believe there isn't such a tool yet as Visual Studio. Especially if you've worked with team editions you'll know what I mean. Please add others you think are relevant. Update: Just popped up my mind, Java doesn't have something like custom attributes on classes, methods etc. Or does it?

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• App is fast on 3GS but slow on 3G

  - by Anthony Chan

  Hi all, I'm new to computer coding and have just finished coding an app and tested it on both 3G and 3GS. On 3GS, it worked as normal as on the simulator. However, when I tried to run it on 3G, the app becomes extremely slow. I'm not sure what's the reason and I hope someone could shed some light on me. Generally, my app has a couple of view controller classes, with one of them being the title page, one being the main page, one is setting, etc. I used a dissolve to transition from the title page to the main page. But even this simple transition shows un-smooth performance on a 3G! My other part of the app involves zooming in to some images by scaling up the images, switching images by push or dissolve upon receiving touch events, saving photos into photo library and storing and retrieving some photos in a folder and some data in a SQlite database, each showing un-smooth actions. Compared with some heavy graphic or heavy maths app, I think mine is pretty simple. I totally have no clue why the app would behave so slow and un-smooth that it is barely useful on a 3G. Any help/ direction would be much appreciated. Thanks for helping out.

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• Generic Class Vb.net

  - by KoolKabin

  hi guys, I am stuck with a problem about generic classes. I am confused how I call the constructor with parameters. My interface: Public Interface IDBObject Sub [Get](ByRef DataRow As DataRow) Property UIN() As Integer End Interface My Child Class: Public Class User Implements IDBObject Public Sub [Get](ByRef DataRow As System.Data.DataRow) Implements IDBObject.Get End Sub Public Property UIN() As Integer Implements IDBObject.UIN Get End Get Set(ByVal value As Integer) End Set End Property End Class My Next Class: Public Class Users Inherits DBLayer(Of User) #Region " Standard Methods " #End Region End Class My DBObject Class: Public Class DBLayer(Of DBObject As {New, IDBObject}) Public Shared Function GetData() As List(Of DBObject) Dim QueryString As String = "SELECT * ***;" Dim Dataset As DataSet = New DataSet() Dim DataList As List(Of DBObject) = New List(Of DBObject) Try Dataset = Query(QueryString) For Each DataRow As DataRow In Dataset.Tables(0).Rows **DataList.Add(New DBObject(DataRow))** Next Catch ex As Exception DataList = Nothing End Try Return DataList End Function End Class I get error in the starred area of the DBLayer Object. What might be the possible reason? what can I do to fix it? I even want to add New(byval someval as datatype) in IDBObject interface for overloading construction. but it also gives an error? how can i do it? Adding Sub New(ByVal DataRow As DataRow) in IDBObject producess following error 'Sub New' cannot be declared in an interface. Error Produced in DBLayer Object line: DataList.Add(New DBObject(DataRow)) Msg: Arguments cannot be passed to a 'New' used on a type parameter.

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• WPF - Extend ListView with checkable AND selectable ListViewItems

  - by Marks

  Hi there. I already read many examples on extending ListViews with checkboxes bound with IsSelected. But I want something more. I want a seperation between the checked and selected state, so i get a ListBox that has a single selected item, but can have multiple checked items. Unfortunately ListViewItem does not have a property for checked and I dont see a possibility to get the ListView to work with a custom CheckableListViewItem. Of course i could use a List of objects with a checked property as ItemSource, but I dont think thats a good way to go. Checked or not is a matter of the list or item-container, not of the object listed in it. Beside that I dont want all my classes like user, role, group to have counterparts like checkableUser, checkableRole and checkableGroup. The behaviour i want can be easyly accomblished for the UI with a <DataTemplate x:Key="CheckBoxCell"> <StackPanel Orientation="Horizontal"> <CheckBox /> </StackPanel> </DataTemplate> and a <GridViewColumn CellTemplate="{StaticResource CheckBoxCell}" Width="30"/> But without a binding on the checkbox i cant check if it is checked or not. Is there any way to accomplish something like that? The perfect solution for me would be to have listView1.SelectedItem, listView1.CheckedItems and maybe a listView1.UncheckedItems and of course listView1.CheckItem and listView1.UncheckItem. Thanks for any help.

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• How to learn a C++ GUI library effectively?

  - by Chan

  Hello everyone, I have many options for GUI in my head while searching in stackoverflow, but these are what I chose among others: Qt gtkmm GTK+ I used GTK+ couple years ago, and I felt so painful when using C API without string object and containers. I prefer C++ style, I then switched to C++ gtkmm, but the documentation was bad at that time. I found no help when encountering an issue. Now I want to give a hard try for Qt4, but I really want to know how to learn a GUI librarie effectively. With core C++, I usually pick up a problem and try to solve it in different ways using that particular technique, functionality. On the other hand, after skimming through the documentation from Qt site, I don't think this way of studying is applicable, since the GUI classes and APIs are so much bigger. Plus I'm still in school, so I won't have much time to play all the day long with it. How do you guys learn GUI before? Can anyone share some experiences how they learn thing, that would be an invaluable input for me! Best regards, Chan Nguyen

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• Forget late static binding, I need late static __FILE__ ...

  - by bobthecow

  I'm looking for the get_called_class() equivalent for __FILE__ ... Maybe something like get_included_file()? I have a set of classes which would like to know what directory they exist in. Something like this: <?php class A { protected $baseDir; public function __construct() { $this->baseDir = dirname(__FILE__); } public function getBaseDir() { return $this->baseDir; } } ?> And in some other file, in some other folder... <?php class B extends A { // ... } class C extends B { // ... } $a = new A; echo $a->getBaseDir(); $b = new B; echo $b->getBaseDir(); $c = new C; echo $c->getBaseDir(); // Annnd... all three return the same base directory. ?> Now, I could do something ghetto, like adding $this->baseDir = dirname(__FILE__) to each and every extending class, but that seems a bit... ghetto. After all, we're talking about PHP 5.3, right? Isn't this supposed to be the future? Is there another way to get the path to the file where a class was declared?

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• How should I return different types in a method based on the value of a string in Java?

  - by Siracuse

  I'm new to Java and I have come to having the following problem: I have created several classes which all implement the interface "Parser". I have a JavaParser, PythonParser, CParser and finally a TextParser. I'm trying to write a method so it will take either a File or a String (representing a filename) and return the appropriate parser given the extension of the file. Here is some psuedo-code of what I'm basically attempting to do: public Parser getParser(String filename) { String extension = filename.substring(filename.lastIndexOf(".")); switch(extension) { case "py": return new PythonParser(); case "java": return new JavaParser(); case "c": return new CParser(); default: return new TextParser(); } } In general, is this the right way to handle this situation? Also, how should I handle the fact that Java doesn't allow switching on strings? Should I use the .hashcode() value of the strings? I feel like there is some design pattern or something for handling this but it eludes me. Is this how you would do it?

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• C++ design related question

  - by Kotti

  Hi! Here is the question's plot: suppose I have some abstract classes for objects, let's call it Object. It's definition would include 2D position and dimensions. Let it also have some virtual void Render(Backend& backend) const = 0 method used for rendering. Now I specialize my inheritance tree and add Rectangle and Ellipse class. Guess they won't have their own properties, but they will have their own virtual void Render method. Let's say I implemented these methods, so that Render for Rectangle actually draws some rectangle, and the same for ellipse. Now, I add some object called Plane, which is defined as class Plane : public Rectangle and has a private member of std::vector<Object*> plane_objects; Right after that I add a method to add some object to my plane. And here comes the question. If I design this method as void AddObject(Object& object) I would face trouble like I won't be able to call virtual functions, because I would have to do something like plane_objects.push_back(new Object(object)); and this should be push_back(new Rectangle(object)) for rectangles and new Circle(...) for circles. If I implement this method as void AddObject(Object* object), it looks good, but then somewhere else this means making call like plane.AddObject(new Rectangle(params)); and this is generally a mess because then it's not clear which part of my program should free the allocated memory. ["when destroying the plane? why? are we sure that calls to AddObject were only done as AddObject(new something).] I guess the problems caused by using the second approach could be solved using smart pointers, but I am sure there have to be something better. Any ideas?

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• Zend Framework Application: module dependencies

  - by takeshin

  How do you handle dependencies between modules in Zend Framework to create reusable, drop-in modules? E.g. I have Newsletter module, which allows users to subscribe, providing e-mail address. Next, I plan to add Blog module, which allows to subscribe to posts by e-mail (it obviously duplicates some functionality of the newsletter, but the e-mails addresses are stored in User model). Next one is the Forum module, with the same subscribe to post functionality. But I want to have ability to use these modules independent to each one, i.e. application with newsletter alone, newsletter with blog, comibnation two or three modules at once. This is pretty common, e.g. the same story with search feature. I want to have search module, with options to search in all data, blog data or forum data if available. Is there any design pattern for this? Do I have to add some moduleExists($moduleMame), or provide some interface or abstract classes, some base controller pattern, similar for each module?

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• C++ Constructor initialization list strangeness

  - by Andy

  I have always been a good boy when writing my classes, prefixing all member variables with m_: class Test { int m_int1; int m_int2; public: Test(int int1, int int2) : m_int1(int int1), m_int2(int int2) {} }; void main() { Test t(10, 20); // Just an example } However, recently I forgot to do that and ended up writing: class Test { int int1; int int2; public: // Very questionable, but of course I meant to assign ::int1 to this->int1! Test(int int1, int int2) : int1(int1), int2(int2) {} }; Believe it or not, the code compiled with no errors/warnings and the assignments took place correctly! It was only when doing the final check before checking in my code when I realised what I had done. My question is: why did my code compile? Is something like that allowed in the C++ standard, or is it simply a case of the compiler being clever? In case you were wondering, I was using Visual Studio 2008 Thank you.

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