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• sys.path() and PYTHONPATH issues

  - by Justin

  I've been learning Python, I'm working in 2.7.3, and I'm trying to understand import statements. The documentation says that when you attempt to import a module, the interpreter will first search for one of the built-in modules. What is meant by a built-in module? Then, the documentation says that the interpreter searches in the directories listed by sys.path, and that sys.path is initialized from these sources: the directory containing the input script (or the current directory). PYTHONPATH (a list of directory names, with the same syntax as the shell variable PATH). the installation-dependent default. Here is a sample output of a sys.path command from my computer using python in command-line mode: (I deleted a few so that it wouldn't be huge) ['', '/usr/lib/python2.7', '/usr/lib/python2.7/lib-old', '/usr/lib/python2.7/lib-dynload', '/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages', '/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages', '/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/PIL', '/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/gst-0.10', '/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/gtk-2.0', '/usr/lib/pymodules/python2.7', '/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/ubuntuone-couch', '/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/ubuntuone-storage-protocol'] Now, I'm assuming that the '' path refers to the directory containing the 'script', and so I figured the rest of them would be coming from my PYTHONPATH environmental variable. However, when I go to the terminal and type env, PYTHONPATH doesn't exist as an environmental variable. I also tried import os then os.environ, but I get the same output. Do I really not have a PYTHONPATH environmental variable? I don't believe I ever specifically defined a PYTHONPATH environmental variable, but I assumed that when I installed new packages they automatically altered that environment variable. If I don't have a PYTHONPATH, how is my sys.path getting populated? If I download new packages, how does Python know where to look for them if I don't have this PYTHONPATH variable? How do environment variables work? From what I understand, environment variables are specific to the process for which they are set, however, if I open multiple terminal windows and run env, they all display a number of identical variables, for example, PATH. I know there file locations for persistent environment variables, for example /etc/environment, which contains my PATH variable. Is it possible to tell where a persistent environment variable is stored? What is the recommended location for storing new persistent environment variables? How do environment variables actually work with say, the Python interpreter? The Python interpreter looks for PYTHONPATH, but how does it work at the nitty-gritty level?

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• C++ Logger-Should I use an ordinary xml parser?

  - by Jonathon

  I'm working on a logging system for my 2D engine, and I'm confused on how I should go about creating/editing the file, and how I should output that file. I've learned that XML is more of a data carrier rather than a data displayer like HTML is. I've read that I can use XML to HTML converters. One method I've thought about is writing characters to a file in HTML. Clarity on these matters is what I ask of you, stack overflow.

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• related to list and file handling?

  - by kaushik

  i have file with contents in list form such as [1,'ab','fgf','ssd'] [2,'eb','ghf','hhsd'] [3,'ag','rtf','ssfdd'] i want to read that file line by line using f.readline and assign thn to a list so as to use it is the prog as a list for using list properties tried like k=[ ] k=f.readline() print k[1] i xpected a result to show 2nd element in the list in first line but it showed the first bit and gave o/p as '1' how to get the xpected output.. please suggest

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• Best practices for handling binary data in Ruby?

  - by StackedCrooked

  What are the best practices for reading and writing binary data in Ruby? In the code sample below I needed to send a binary file using over HTTP (as POST data): f = File.new("resp.der", "r") # binary file begin while true out.syswrite(f.sysread(1)) # out is an output stream (type IO) end rescue EOFError => err puts "Sent response." end While this code seems to do a good job, it probably isn't very idiomatic. How can I improve it?

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• How do I write the function 'twice' in Haskell?

  - by kunjaan

  I want to write 'twice' function that takes a function and an argument and applies the function twice. However the function that it receives should work on union types. eg. f a -> b f b -> c Output twice f a c f a b f b c f c error

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• Copying files and dirs on remote server while excluding some of them

  - by llaskin

  Server 1 is connected to Server 2 via SSH. We know this: I can execute a command such as " ssh server2 "cp -rv /var/www /tmp" " which will copy the entire /var/www dir to /tmp. However inside of /var/www we have the following structure(sample LS output below) $ ls /web1 /web2 /web3 file1.php file2.php file3.php How can I execute a cp command that will exclude /web1, /web3, file1.php and file3.php (obviously just copying web2 and file2 is not an option since there are significantly more files than just 6)

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• Issue with TagBuilder.MergeAttribute for parameter null

  - by The Yur

  I would like to use Razor's feature not to produce attribute output inside a tag in case when attribute's value is null. So when Razor meets <div class="@var" where @var is null, the output will be mere <div. I've created some Html extension method to write text inside tag. The method takes header text, level (h1..h6), and html attributes as simple object. The code is: public static MvcHtmlString WriteHeader(this HtmlHelper html, string s, int? hLevel = 1, object htmlAttributes = null) { if ((hLevel == null) || (hLevel < 1 || hLevel > 4) || (s.IsNullOrWhiteSpace())) return new MvcHtmlString(""); string cssClass = null, cssId = null, cssStyle = null; if (htmlAttributes != null) { var T = htmlAttributes.GetType(); var propInfo = T.GetProperty("class"); var o = propInfo.GetValue(htmlAttributes); cssClass = o.ToString().IsNullOrWhiteSpace() ? null : o.ToString(); propInfo = T.GetProperty("id"); o = propInfo.GetValue(htmlAttributes); cssId = o.ToString().IsNullOrWhiteSpace() ? null : o.ToString(); propInfo = T.GetProperty("style"); o = propInfo.GetValue(htmlAttributes); cssStyle = o.ToString().IsNullOrWhiteSpace() ? null : o.ToString(); } var hTag = new TagBuilder("h" + hLevel); hTag.MergeAttribute("id", cssId); hTag.MergeAttribute("class", cssClass); hTag.MergeAttribute("style", cssStyle); hTag.InnerHtml = s; return new MvcHtmlString(hTag.ToString()); } I found that in spite of null values for "class" and "style" attributes TagBuilder still puts them as empty strings, like <h1 class="" style="" But for id attribute it surprisingly works, so when id's value is null, there is no id attribute in tag. My question - is such behavior something that should actually happen? How can I achieve absent attributes with null values using TagBuilder? I tried this in VS2013, MVC 5.

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• How do I create a controller like text editor using gtk in c?

  - by Runner

  int main( int argc, char *argv[] ) { GtkWidget *window; gtk_init (&argc, &argv); window = gtk_window_new (GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL); gtk_widget_show (window); gtk_main (); return 0; } The above is just a empty winform,I want to output dynamic information in it(not editable), how should I do that?

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• Iterating through struct fieldnames in MATLAB.

  - by Noio

  My question is easily summarized as: "Why does the following not work?" teststruct = struct('a',3,'b',5,'c',9) fields = fieldnames(teststruct) for i=1:numel(fns) fns(i) teststruct.(fns(i)) end output: ans = 'a' ??? Argument to dynamic structure reference must evaluate to a valid field name. Especially since teststruct.('a') does work. And fns(i) prints out ans = 'a'. I can't get my head around it.

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• my sql insert query not working

  - by Piyush

  I am inserting userId.It is displaying correct but inserting 0 in spite of actual userId. mycode- If(! empty($userIDToCheck) || $userIDToCheck != '' ) { echo $userIDToCheck; $sql = "INSERT INTOpnpdb.ruser(userid) VALUES ('$userIDToCheck');"; mysql_query($sql)or die(mysql_error()); echo "Done"; } Output : pi203713 Done But is database it is inserting "0"???

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• How can I have a newline in a string in sh?

  - by juannavarroperez

  This STR="Hello\nWorld" echo $STR produces as output Hello\nWorld instead of Hello World What should I do to have a newline in a string? I'm aware of echo -e, but I'm no sending the string to echo, the string will be used as an argument by another command that doesn't know how to interpret \n as a newline.

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• Why must I use local path rather than 'svn://' with SVN bindings?

  - by Chad Johnson

  I'm using the Ruby SVN bindings built with SWIG. Here's a little tutorial. When I do this @repository = Svn::Repos.open('/path/to/repository') I can access the repository fine. But when I do this @repository = Svn::Repos.open('svn://localhost/some/path') It fails with /SourceCache/subversion/subversion-35/subversion/subversion/libsvn_subr/io.c:2710: 2: Can't open file 'svn://localhost/format': No such file or directory When I do this from the command line, I do get output svn ls svn://localhost/some/path Any ideas why I can't use the svn:// protocol?

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• Time display query in sql

  - by shanks

  I have following data UserID UserName LogTime LogDate 1 S 9:00 21/5/2010 1 S 10:00 21/5/2010 1 S 11:00 21/5/2010 1 S 12:00 21/5/2010 Need Output as:- 1 s 9:00 10:00 21/5/2010 1 s 11:00 12:00 21/5/2010

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• Using json_encode on objects in PHP

  - by Alan

  Hi, I'm trying to output lists of objects as json and would like to know if there's a way to make objects usable to json_encode? The code I've got looks something like $related = $user->getRelatedUsers(); echo json_encode($related); Right now, I'm just iterating through the array of users and individually exporting them into arrays for json_encode to turn into usable json for me. I've already tried making the objects iterable, but json_encode just seems to skip them anyway.

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• Can java do a timer on command line?

  - by javaLearner.java

  HI I am a new java programmer (very new). What I want to do/test is (not sure if its recommendable or doable?), we know that System.out.println("Message"); will output the "Message" in command prompt. Is it possible to display the current time, without having to repeatly use the system.out.println()? Name, like instead of displaying: 10:00:01 10:00:02 10:00:03 I wand to have liek this: 10:00:0X where X will continue counting

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• C#: do enums cast themselves as strings or integers as appropriate in the context

  - by Craig Johnston

  If I have the enum: public enum VehicleType { Car = 0, Boat = 1, Bike = 2, Spaceship = 3 } and I then do: int X = 10; VehicleType vt = (VehicleType)2; X = X + vt; Console.WriteLine("I travel in a " + vt + " with " + X + " people."); What should the output be in C#?

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• Buffer Overrun Issues VC++

  - by sijith

  When i execute my code i am getting this error LPTSTR lpBuffer; ::GetLogicalDriveStrings(1024,lpBuffer); while(*lpBuffer != NULL) { printf("%s\n", lpBuffer); // or MessageBox(NULL, temp, "Test", 0); or whatever lpBuffer += lstrlen(lpBuffer)+1; printf("sizeof(lpBuffer) %d\n",lstrlen(lpBuffer)); } OutPut C sizeof(lpBuffer) 3 D sizeof(lpBuffer) 3 E sizeof(lpBuffer) 3 F sizeof(lpBuffer) 0

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• C++: Why does gcc prefer non-const over const when accessing operator[]?

  - by JonasW

  This question might be more appropriately asked regarding C++ in general, but as I am using gcc on linux that's the context. Consider the following program: #include <iostream> #include <map> #include <string> using namespace std; template <typename TKey, typename TValue> class Dictionary{ public: map<TKey, TValue> internal; TValue & operator[](TKey const & key) { cout << "operator[] with key " << key << " called " << endl; return internal[key]; } TValue const & operator[](TKey const & key) const { cout << "operator[] const with key " << key << " called " << endl; return internal.at(key); } }; int main(int argc, char* argv[]) { Dictionary<string, string> dict; dict["1"] = "one"; cout << "first one: " << dict["1"] << endl; return 0; } When executing the program, the output is: operator[] with key 1 called operator[] with key 1 called first one: one What I would like is to have the compiler choose the operator[]const method instead in the second call. The reason is that without having used dict["1"] before, the call to operator[] causes the internal map to create the data that does not exist, even if the only thing I wanted was to do some debugging output, which of course is a fatal application error. The behaviour I am looking for would be something like the C# index operator which has a get and a set operation and where you could throw an exception if the getter tries to access something that doesn't exist: class MyDictionary<TKey, TVal> { private Dictionary<TKey, TVal> dict = new Dictionary<TKey, TVal>(); public TVal this[TKey idx] { get { if(!dict.ContainsKey(idx)) throw KeyNotFoundException("..."); return dict[idx]; } set { dict[idx] = value; } } } Thus, I wonder why the gcc prefers the non-const call over the const call when non-const access is not required.

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• jetty deploy problem

  - by user550748

  I had deploy a project in jetty(jetty-wtp plugin) in eclipse server. when i start jetty server the console output wrong: java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: javax/annotation/security/RunAs i also add common-annotations.jar to this project lib but cann't resolve this problem. my installed environment: JDK 1.6.0 jetty 8.0.0.M2 jetty-wtp http://download.eclipse.org/jetty/updates/jetty-wtp/development can anyone help me?:)

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• Print layout of C++ object with g++ compiler

  - by zaheer

  Is there a way to print the layout of a C++ object using the g++ compiler or any other means. A simplified example (assuming int takes 4 bytes) class A{ int a; }; class B:public A{ int b; } so the output would be A - 0 4 + a + B- 0 4 8 + A.a + b + It would be useful to understand the layout of objects (in my case virtual machine code). Thanks in advance. Regards, Zaheer

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• phpDocumentor to wiki?

  - by Mike

  My company is working on end user/developer docs using mediawiki. I'd like to take a lot of the API docs that phpdoc spit out (for specific functions/methods) and have it in wiki markup for easy transfer. Any solutions out there for getting wiki markup or wiki output from phpDoc? I've looked around and found nothing.

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• PHP remove the first index of an array and re-index

  - by Mithun

  I have an array like Array ( [0] => A [2] => B [4] => C [6] => D ) I want to remove the first element and then re-index array to get the output ( [0] => B [1] => C [2] => D ) Which PHP function i need to use?

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• type casting in mysql

  - by muralikalpana

  i have passportno(varchar) in database. i am entering values like this 001,002,003. and i want to display like sorting order. now i wrote query like this "select * from passport_registration where status=1 ORDER BY passportno" then displaying output like this......077,088,099,100,1000,1001,1009,101,1010 i want to diplay sort order. how to do?

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• Create comma seperated values in perl

  - by Mike

  Let's say I have a list of elements @list=(1,2,3); #desired output 1,2,3 And I want to print them as comma seperated values. And most importantly, I do not want the last element to have a comma after it. What is the cleanest way to do this in Perl?

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• Crystal Report displaying Group Header multiple times

  - by Ravi Gupta

  Hi I am using Crystal Reports 10 to generate my reports. In one of the reports I see that a group header is getting repeated 2 times in the output document while in the design tab I can that it is present only one time. I am having my query as a "Union All" of 2 data sets. Please advise what could be the cause. Thanks.

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